WO2015042630A1 - Objet en plastique de type ficelle, et procédé de production d'un objet en plastique de type ficelle - Google Patents

Objet en plastique de type ficelle, et procédé de production d'un objet en plastique de type ficelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015042630A1
WO2015042630A1 PCT/AT2014/050227 AT2014050227W WO2015042630A1 WO 2015042630 A1 WO2015042630 A1 WO 2015042630A1 AT 2014050227 W AT2014050227 W AT 2014050227W WO 2015042630 A1 WO2015042630 A1 WO 2015042630A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strand
plastic
cord
plastic object
primary
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2014/050227
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Gahleitner
Harald Katzinger
Original Assignee
Teufelberger Gesellschaft M.B.H.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teufelberger Gesellschaft M.B.H. filed Critical Teufelberger Gesellschaft M.B.H.
Publication of WO2015042630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015042630A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/91—Heating, e.g. for cross linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/11—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels comprising two or more partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. honeycomb-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/28—Storing of extruded material, e.g. by winding up or stacking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cord-like plastic object, and a method for producing a cord-like plastic object, as indicated in claims 1 and 10.
  • a method for producing a biodegradable cord in the form of a polymer in which the polymer is melted in an extruder and then extruded through a die. The cord is then cooled and stretched to almost its breaking point.
  • the extrusion die has different shapes, and therefore the cord is given various shapes, which may also include a hollow cross-section. By stretching the cord to near its breaking point, the strength of the cord is increased.
  • the method can therefore be subdivided into the following method steps:
  • the known from the general state of the art method for producing a string has the disadvantage that the spinning process is very complex, whereby this one hand, the processing speed is significantly reduced, and what further a complex machinery is needed. This makes this process very error prone and not very effective from an economic point of view. Furthermore, the cord obtained from this process is in its properties regarding strength and feel strongly in need of improvement.
  • the method described in WO2004 / 090209 has the disadvantage that a cord produced by this method is not very flexible. As a result, it is very difficult knotbar, and therefore not to use for certain types of use.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an improved cord-like plastic object.
  • a cord-like plastic object which is made of a single primary strand and which is stretched in the longitudinal direction.
  • the cord-like plastic object consists of individual, materially one-piece interconnected and produced from the primary strand fibers, which have irregular, generated by mechanical overuse in the form of a mechanical breaking process, surfaces.
  • An advantage of the embodiment according to the invention is that the cord-like plastic object is very flexible due to its individual, materially interconnected, fibers, making it ideally suited for lacing around tight radii. Furthermore, as a result of the fact that the individual fibers are materially connected to one another, the plastic object can also absorb a tensile force acting transversely to the longitudinal direction of the plastic object.
  • the described plastic object has the advantage that it does not fall apart, but remains a compact strand. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the plastic object is made of a single primary strand. As a result, it can be produced with as few and simple working steps as possible, whereby the quality of the cord-like plastic object can be increased. Furthermore, such a cord-like plastic has object a, compared to conventional cords, increased resistance to mechanical damage. On the other hand, the dirt attachment to the cord-like plastic object is lowered, whereby the recyclability is improved. Another noteworthy advantage over a conventional cord is that the cutting performance of the cord-like plastic object of the invention is better since there is a compact strand.
  • the cord-like plastic object has cavities which are formed within the individual fibers as a closed cavity. It is advantageous here that the susceptibility to splicing of the cord-like plastic object is reduced by the cavities. That is, the voids provide increased resistance to breakup of the individual fibers due to stress.
  • the ratio of longitudinal extent to transverse extent of the cavities in the cord-like plastic object is between 1: 1 and 20: 1, preferably between 3: 1 and 8: 1.
  • the advantage here is that the splice susceptibility can be further reduced by these dimensions in the stretched state.
  • Plastic object between 15 vol. % and 68 vol. %, preferably between 30 vol. % and 50 vol. % of the volume of the cord-like plastic object amount. This improves the susceptibility to splicing or the feel.
  • the volume proportion of the continuous cavity, as well as resulting from the spacing of the individual fibers hollow volume in the cord-like plastic objects (also called plastic strand), that is not provided with material space, which is located within the outer contour and not within the individual fibers as a closed cavity is present.
  • This proportion is measured by a test piece in the length of one meter by the following method steps: calculation of the volume of a comparable solid body on the basis of the outer contour; Determination of the actual density of the material; Measuring the mass of the one-metric specimen; Calculation of the material volume from density and mass; Comparison of the two volumes.
  • the cavities of the cord-like plastic object between 2 vol. % and 5 vol. % of the volume of the cord-like plastic object amount. This improves the susceptibility to splicing or the feel.
  • the volumetric portion of the cavities is that non-materialized space which exists as a closed cavity within the material. This proportion is measured through a test piece weighing 100 g by the following procedure: determination of the displacement volume of the 100 g test piece; Calculate the volume of a 100g block of the same plastic without trapping the cavity; Comparison of the two volumes.
  • a cord-like plastic object with such a fiber length is very elastic and flexible.
  • a cord-like plastic object with such a fiber length has a good knot seat when knotting the cord-like plastic object.
  • the individual fibers have puncture holes, transversely to the longitudinal orientation of the fiber. The advantage here is that the cord-like plastic object becomes softer through the puncture holes, which also makes it more flexible.
  • the knot seat of the cord-like plastic object can be improved. Furthermore, this also improves the feel of the cord-like plastic object.
  • the diameter of the cord-like plastic object is between 0.5 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm.
  • this diameter range is advantageous for a cord-like plastic object since all areas of application or all application requirements can be covered with a cord-like plastic object in such a diameter range.
  • an adhering to the individual fibers, in the form of an aerosol is applied.
  • tes additive is introduced.
  • the additive can be, for example, an agent which protects against rodent biting by containing ingredients which, especially for this kind of animal, represent a repellent odor and / or taste.
  • an additive can be introduced, which prevents animals from eating the cord-like plastic object. In this case too, ingredients may be present which represent a repulsive odor and / or taste especially for one of these animal species.
  • the method for producing a cord-like plastic object comprising the provision of a thermoplastic material and its melting in an extrusion device
  • the method has at least one method step, new to the prior art, and new to the known method steps. This is a process step in which the cooled and drawn strand obtained from the extrusion process is broken in a breaking device, whereby individual fibers are formed.
  • a cord-like fiber formation can be produced by the method step in which the primary strand is mechanically processed.
  • a cord-like plastic object can be produced without requiring a spinning process.
  • the process speed can be increased, but the entire process is less susceptible to error, since a complex process step can be omitted.
  • the strand is broken with a crushing device which has gear-like intermeshing rollers. The advantage here is that a crushing process by means of gear-like intermeshing rollers can run continuously.
  • the method contains at least a fifth method step, in which the already mechanically processed strand is mechanically processed by means of needle rollers. It is advantageous in the treatment of the strand by means of needle rollers that the surface of the individual fibers are pierced or pierced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fiber by the needle rollers. As a result, the string-like plastic object resulting from this process becomes softer, as a result of which it can be well knotted on the one hand and has improved feel on the other hand.
  • a one-stage or multi-stage heating of the raw-formed primary strand takes place via at least one warm-up device.
  • the advantage here is that the structure of the plastic can be brought to an advantageous temperature for mechanical processing by heating the primary strand.
  • the drawn strand is drawn off at a process speed of between 250 m / min and 500 m / min, preferably between 350 m / min and 450 m / min. It is particularly advantageous in this case that this process speed is matched to the breaking process in process step four.
  • the breaking process may thus proceed at a process speed which contributes to the production of a fiber of the desired length and shape.
  • the molten plastic material in the extrusion process an additive is added, which form small voids in the primary strand.
  • the addition of an additive is to the advantage that the resulting voids during the manufacturing process and in the final product ensure that the splice susceptibility is reduced.
  • the feel of the cord-like plastic object can be improved as it is softer.
  • the cavity Inclusions may in this case be produced by an additive in the form of a foaming agent, in the form of fillers or inorganic constituents, or by incorporation of an incompatible polymer mixture, or by the introduction of a gas.
  • the raw-forming nozzle is formed so that at least one continuous cavity along the longitudinal orientation is generated in the primary strand. It has surprisingly been found that due to the cavity of the primary strand in the mechanical processing in the fourth step can be broken well. Therefore, the individual fibers can form well in the fourth step.
  • an additive in the form of an aerosol is introduced into the cavity which runs through along the longitudinal orientation of the primary strand. It is particularly advantageous in this case that the aerosol, if it is introduced into the hollow space running through along the longitudinal extent of the primary strand, can not escape during the first processing steps. In the mechanical processing operation in the fourth processing step, the aerosol can then distribute evenly in the cord-like plastic object. It is further advantageous here that such an additive applied in the form of an aerosol can already be introduced during the extrusion process.
  • the additive can be, for example, an agent which protects against rodent biting by containing ingredients which are a repulsive odor and / or flavor especially for this kind of animal.
  • an additive can be introduced which prevents animals from eating the string-like plastic object. In this case, too, there may be contained ingredients which represent a repulsive odor and / or taste, especially for one of these animal species
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a process flow for producing a cord-like plastic object
  • Figure 2 shows possible cross sections of a primary strand from the extrusion.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a section along the longitudinal orientation through a primary strand
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a section along the longitudinal orientation through a stretched strand
  • Fig. 5 is a side view and cross section of a cord-like plastic object
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of a cord-like plastic object under application of a lateral tensile force.
  • cord-like plastic object 2 which is used in this description, can be considered as a synonym for the term plastic cord.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of a plant 1 for producing a cord-like plastic object 2, or the schematic process sequence for producing the cord-like plastic object 2.
  • thermoplastic material 3 is melted in an extrusion device 4 and pressed through a nozzle 5.
  • thermoplastic material 3 is melted in an extrusion device 4 and pressed through a nozzle 5.
  • the cord-like plastic object 2 consists of a polymer selected from the group of polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide, or else mixtures of these polymers.
  • the cord-like plastic object comprises a polymer selected from the group of polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide, or mixtures of these polymers. It is advantageous here that especially polyolefins, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide are outstandingly suitable for processing in an extrusion process. Furthermore, these plastics can be stretched very well, whereby very good strength properties can be achieved.
  • Other plastics with advantageous properties, which are suitable for use in the production process of a cord-like plastic object are: bioplastics such as PLA, LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, MDPE, TPE, PET, PS, EVA.
  • a plastic in the sense of this description is an organic, polymeric solid which is produced synthetically or semi-synthetically from monomeric organic molecules or biopolymers.
  • a polyolefin in the sense of this description is a collective term for polymers prepared from alkenes such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene or isobutene by polymerization or else polyolefin copolymers such as, for example, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • Mixtures of the individual plastics can be produced by mixing during the extrusion process.
  • the forming tool is attached to the extruder.
  • the shaping takes place by smooth or structured nozzles or mandrel or wire guide. These tools can be incorporated in a hose head, pipe head, crosshead or in a spinneret.
  • the nozzle 5 is in this case attached to a nozzle holder 6.
  • a primary strand 7 is generated, which receives its shaping through the nozzle 5.
  • the forming tool is attached to the extrusion device 4.
  • the shaping takes place by means of smooth or structured nozzles 5 or mandrel or wire guide.
  • the fastening element 6 can be designed as a hose head, pipe head, crosshead or spinneret.
  • a plurality of nozzles 5 are mounted on the nozzle holder 6.
  • four to eight nozzles 5 may be mounted on the nozzle holder 6, whereby a plurality of primary strands 7 can be produced, which can also be processed simultaneously.
  • an extrusion device 4 can simultaneously produce a plurality of primary strands 7, which may have different or the same cross-sectional shapes. In an advantageous machine design this can be four to eight strands at a time.
  • the individual primary strands 7 can then run parallel and be processed together in the further process steps. However, it is also possible for the individual primary strands 7 to be supplied to different further processing processes.
  • the nozzle 5 may be replaceably mounted in the nozzle holder 6. This makes it possible that the system 1 and the extrusion device 4 can be easily and quickly converted to the production of various, cord-like plastic objects 2.
  • the individual nozzles 5 may in this case be provided for example for the extrusion of different shapes and sizes of the outer contour.
  • one or more pin elements are mounted in the nozzle 5 in order to produce a hollow profile in the primary strand 7. Possible cross-sectional shapes of the primary strand 7 are shown in more detail in FIG. 2, or will be described in more detail below.
  • the exiting from the nozzle 5 primary strand 7 can then be performed on the extrusion process by a cooling device 8 in order to be able to perform a further processing. Furthermore, it can be provided that the exiting from the nozzle 5 primary strand 7 in the air, is cooled to the extent that the primary strand 7 is fixed and can be further processed.
  • the cooling device 8 in this case, for example, be designed as a water bath 9. In principle, however, any type of cooling device 8 for cooling the primary strand 7 is conceivable.
  • the water bath 9 used in this embodiment has a length 10 of about 3 meters in order to allow the primary strand 7 to cool sufficiently.
  • the primary strand 7 is not shown as shown only once through the water 9, but that in the water bath 9 deflecting elements are arranged, whereby the primary strand 7 can be performed several times through the water 9.
  • a longer water bath 9 can be provided to increase the cooling capacity.
  • the water bath 9 is divided, for example, by partitions 11 into a plurality of zones 12.
  • these individual zones 12 for example, water with different temperatures can be used. It is also conceivable that in individual zones 12, the water is vortexed to increase the cooling capacity.
  • the water bath 9 is provided with a fresh water supply to provide constantly cool water can.
  • a spraying device 13 can be provided, through which the primary strand 7 is further cooled.
  • a heating element or emitter may be provided to dry the primary strand.
  • a trigger device 14 may be provided for the withdrawal of the primary strand 7 from the water bath 9.
  • the extraction device 14 may be designed, for example, as a galette trio.
  • the individual roller elements 15 of the draw-off device 14 are cooled.
  • a further transport device 16 may be provided, which may also be designed as a galette trio. In this case, it is possible that the individual roller elements 15 are heated in order to heat the primary strand 7.
  • the stretching section 17 Following this upstream devices is the stretching section 17.
  • the transport device 16 moves a certain distance. given speed for the primary strand 7.
  • another transport device 18 At the end of the stretching section 17 there is another transport device 18.
  • the take-off speed of the further transport device 18 is selected to be greater than that of the transport device 16.
  • the primary strand 7 is stretched monoaxially along the stretching section 17 in its longitudinal direction 19.
  • a stretched strand 20 which is present in the process sequence from the further transport device 18.
  • the draw ratio is in a range between 4 and 16, preferably between 8 and 12.
  • the stretching operation provision can be made for one or more warming-up devices 21 to be provided along the stretching section 17, through which the primary strand 7 is brought into an advantageous processing temperature for the drawing process.
  • the selection of the advantageous processing temperature depends on the particular plastic to be processed.
  • the stretched strand 20 can be passed through a further cooling device 22 to bring it to an appropriate temperature for further processing.
  • the individual roller elements 15 of the further transport device 18 are cooled in order to achieve the necessary cooling of the stretched strand 20.
  • the stretched strand 20 is guided into a breaking device 23, where it is mechanically processed so that by applying force to the stretched strand 20 individual fibers 35 are formed.
  • the resulting strand is still shown in Fig. 4 or described in more detail below.
  • the breaking device 23 is designed in the form of two interlocking rollers 24.
  • the two intermeshing rollers 24 in this case have a gear-like profile, whereby the stretched strand 20 is mechanically broken, and thereby individual fibers 35 arise.
  • the individual fibers 35 are formed by bending the stretched strand 20 by such a small radius that it is loaded beyond its mechanical load limits.
  • the profile of the stretched strand 20 tears substantially along its longitudinal direction 19, whereby individual fibers 35 with a length between 1 mm and 7 mm form.
  • the fiber length or the shape of the individual fibers 35 in the strand can be influenced.
  • spring elements 25 can be provided, for example, by means of which the two intermeshing rollers 24 are compressed in order to obtain a constant force on the stretched strand 20.
  • stretched strands 20 with different geometries or with different diameters are processed in the breaking device 23.
  • the outgoing from the breaking device 23 strand is referred to as defibrated strand 26.
  • the shredded strand 26 can roll 27 by one or more needle mechanically further processed to improve the surface finish.
  • the needle rollers 27 may be similar to the crushing device 23 already described opposite to each other.
  • a spring element 25 is formed to hold the pressure exerted by the two needle rollers 27 on the shredded strand 26, to keep constant.
  • a plurality of small needles 28 are mounted, which pierce transversely to the longitudinal direction 19 in the individual fibers of the shredded strand 26 in order to make it more supple.
  • the treatment by needle rollers 27 has proven to be a very advantageous processing option.
  • the following surface treatment methods are used: rolling, stinging, needling, compressed air, ramming, laser, compacting, blasting by means of solid or liquid substances, fibrillating, perforating, etc.
  • the cord-like plastic object 2 is obtained as the starting product.
  • the cord-like plastic object 2 is wound by means of a winding device 29 on individual coils 30.
  • the coils 30 are in this case driven by the winding device 29, so that a certain, predefined train on the cord-like plastic object 2 is formed.
  • the strength of the train is set is crucial for how tight the cord-like plastic object 2 can be wound onto a spool 30.
  • the whirly plastic object 2 produced by the process described above can be wound more tightly onto the bobbin 30 with the same tensile force than a cord of comparable diameter produced in a conventionally manufactured cord.
  • This special property is due to the shaping or the mechanical processing of the primary strand 7.
  • the cord-like plastic object according to the invention due to its manufacturing process, has a smooth surface, which on the one hand reduces the susceptibility to snarl. It is quite conceivable that, in order to further improve the properties of the cord-like plastic object 2, further mechanical or chemical processing steps are integrated into the process.
  • FIG. 2 possible cross-sectional shapes of the primary strand 7 are shown.
  • the outer contour 31 of the cross section can be chosen not only rectangular, circular or oval, but that any desired contour can be selected.
  • the center distance 32 seen over the circumference of the outer contour 31 be divided irregularly.
  • the tube forming nozzle 5 is formed so that the outer contour 31 of the primary strand has an irregular center distance 32 as seen over the circumference, wherein the average center distance 32 of the outer contour 31 is approximately circular.
  • the advantage here is that the profile shape of Primary strand 7 can be carried out so that it can be advantageously broken, and therefore in step four has a favorable fiber formation.
  • a continuous cavity 33 along the longitudinal alignment 19 can be provided in the cross section of the primary strand 7.
  • This continuous cavity 33 can serve to facilitate the breaking operation by means of the breaking device 23.
  • the arrangement or size of one or more continuous cavities 33 may influence the length of the individual fibers 35.
  • an additive in the form of an aerosol can be mounted in the continuous cavity 33.
  • This additive can be, for example, a substance that protects against rodent damage.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a section along the longitudinal alignment 19 through the primary strand 7.
  • the primary strand 7 shown here for illustration has no continuous cavity 33 and is shown as a circular cross-section.
  • cavernous cavities 34 are shown, which are introduced during the extrusion process in the extrusion apparatus 4 using an additive in the primary strand 7.
  • These cavernous cavities 34 can be generated, for example, by introducing a foaming agent, by introducing chalk or by introducing a gas.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of the shape of the cavities 34, as they are to be found in a stretched strand 20 after the stretching section 17.
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically in a side view and in a cross-sectional view of a cord-like plastic object 2 as it may look at the end of the machining process. The section shown here of the cord-like plastic object 2 is under no external force, whereby here the shape of an unloaded object is shown.
  • the diameter 36 of this cord-like plastic object 2 can be in the unloaded state between 0.5 and 20 mm, preferably between 1 and 10 mm.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of a side view of the same cord-like plastic object 2 which is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the cord-like plastic object 2 is loaded with a lateral pulling force 37, so that it is pulled apart transversely to the longitudinal alignment 19.
  • the individual fibers 35 are clearly visible, which were generated by the breaking process in the breaking device 23.
  • the fact that the individual fibers 35 are connected to each other, can be set by the illustrated cord-like plastic object 2 and a lateral tensile force 37 a high resistance against. This leads to the property that the cord-like plastic object is very resistant and robust against mechanical influences.
  • the cavities 34 which are shown in Fig. 4 in the stretched state, in an advantageous embodiment, a ratio of longitudinal extent 38 to transverse extent 39 of the cavities in the cord-like plastic object between 1: 1 and 20: 1, preferably between 3: 1 and 8 : 1 is.
  • This aspect ratio is of course dependent on the degree of stretching of the plastic.
  • the transverse extent 39 of such a cavity 34 is approximately between 150 ⁇ and 50 ⁇ , preferably between 115 ⁇ and 80 ⁇ .
  • the modulus of elasticity along the longitudinal orientation of at least one of the individual fibers 35 may be between 2,500 MPa and 15,000 MPa, preferably between 4,000 MPa and 12,000 MPa. It is advantageous in a modulus of elasticity according to ISO 527 in the mentioned range that the rigidity of the cord-like plastic object 2 is sufficient to enthrall objects so tightly, while an excessive elongation of the cord-like plastic object 2 hinanzuhalten. Particularly in this range of values, the modulus of elasticity is advantageous in order to meet the requirements for a cord-like plastic object 2 with respect to its rigidity.
  • the tensile strength along the longitudinal orientation of at least one of the individual fibers 35 is between 100 MPa and 500 MPa, preferably between 150 MPa and 350 MPa. It is advantageous in this case that the tensile strength of the cord-like plastic object 2 is sufficient to be able to tightly tie objects by means of the abovementioned mechanical properties determined in accordance with ISO 527 in the tensile case. Tensile strength values in this range can be used to generate a product which, for example, can be made thinner at the same load as conventional cords. Or else it is also possible that at the same thickness of the cord-like plastic object 2 compared to a conventional cord, the force-absorbing capacity of the cord-like plastic object 2 is better compared to a conventional cord.
  • the embodiments show possible embodiments of a method or a system 1 for producing a string-like plastic object 2, or the cord-like plastic object 2 per se, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but rather also various combinations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching of technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert.
  • individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions. The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention.
  • the relevant objects and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un objet en plastique (2) de type ficelle réalisé à partir d'un seul brin primaire par une technique d'extrusion, ledit objet en plastique (2) de type ficelle étant ensuite soumis à un étirage dans la direction longitudinale. L'objet en plastique (2) de type ficelle comprend différentes fibres (35) interconnectées par liaison de matière et obtenues par une opération de broyage mécanique.
PCT/AT2014/050227 2013-09-30 2014-09-29 Objet en plastique de type ficelle, et procédé de production d'un objet en plastique de type ficelle WO2015042630A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50633/2013A AT514843B1 (de) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Schnurartiges Kunststoffobjekt, sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines schnurartigen Kunststoffobjektes
ATA50633/2013 2013-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015042630A1 true WO2015042630A1 (fr) 2015-04-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2014/050227 WO2015042630A1 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-09-29 Objet en plastique de type ficelle, et procédé de production d'un objet en plastique de type ficelle

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Country Link
AT (1) AT514843B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015042630A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1232282A (fr) * 1968-05-27 1971-05-19
US6177195B1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2001-01-23 Hagihara Industries Inc. Deformed fiber
WO2004090209A2 (fr) 2003-04-01 2004-10-21 Universite De Bretagne Sud Procede et dispositif de fabrication de fils ou ficelles biodegradables, fils ou ficelles obtenus par ce procede et applications correspondantes
US20110033645A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-02-10 Rong Wang Method for the production of an asymmetric hollow fiber membrane

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1158815A (en) * 1967-03-30 1969-07-23 Hercules Inc Improvements in or relating to synthetic textile yarn and method of making same
DE19800842C2 (de) * 1998-01-13 2003-06-18 Gerhard Barich Kunststoff-Faden
BRPI0918300B1 (pt) * 2008-12-24 2019-09-03 Lankhorst Pure Composites Bv produto do tipo corda, processo para produzir um produto, uso de um produto e corda

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1232282A (fr) * 1968-05-27 1971-05-19
US6177195B1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2001-01-23 Hagihara Industries Inc. Deformed fiber
WO2004090209A2 (fr) 2003-04-01 2004-10-21 Universite De Bretagne Sud Procede et dispositif de fabrication de fils ou ficelles biodegradables, fils ou ficelles obtenus par ce procede et applications correspondantes
US20110033645A1 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-02-10 Rong Wang Method for the production of an asymmetric hollow fiber membrane

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AT514843B1 (de) 2015-12-15

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