WO2015035787A1 - 滤光片及其制备方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

滤光片及其制备方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015035787A1
WO2015035787A1 PCT/CN2014/076437 CN2014076437W WO2015035787A1 WO 2015035787 A1 WO2015035787 A1 WO 2015035787A1 CN 2014076437 W CN2014076437 W CN 2014076437W WO 2015035787 A1 WO2015035787 A1 WO 2015035787A1
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Prior art keywords
light
dielectric
film
polarization direction
dielectric film
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PCT/CN2014/076437
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张洪术
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/408,051 priority Critical patent/US9651794B2/en
Publication of WO2015035787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015035787A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/288—Filters employing polarising elements, e.g. Lyot or Solc filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/26—Reflecting filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/205—Neutral density filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G02F1/133516—Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133533—Colour selective polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133536—Reflective polarizers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G02F1/133521—Interference filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133538—Polarisers with spatial distribution of the polarisation direction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133545—Dielectric stack polarisers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a filter, a display device using the filter, and a method of preparing the filter. Background technique
  • the flat panel display device Compared with the conventional cathode ray tube display device, the flat panel display device has the advantages of being thin and light, having a low driving voltage, no flickering, and a long service life.
  • the flat panel display device is divided into an active light emitting display device and a passive light emitting display device.
  • a thin-film transistor liquid crystal display device TFT-LCD
  • TFT-LCD thin-film transistor liquid crystal display device
  • other advantages is widely used in television, mobile phones and other electronic products, has occupied a dominant position in the field of flat display.
  • a backlight module or ambient light is required to provide a light source.
  • a filter is usually installed in front of the backlight module (ie, the light exiting direction), so that light provided from the backlight module or the external environment is incident on the filter (Color fi Lter, referred to as CF), filters can precisely select light in a specific band to pass through the filter, and reflect or absorb light in other bands that are not desired to pass. Thereby, the observer can receive the saturated light of a certain color, and finally realize the color image display.
  • Absorbing filters are commonly used in the prior art, i.e., the filters only allow incident light in a particular range of wavelengths to pass, while absorbing incident light in the remaining range of wavelengths. For example, for a red pixel area, only the red portion of the incident light is allowed to pass, and the other colors of the incident light are absorbed. In this way, on the one hand, the transmittance of incident light is very low (only about 30%). On the other hand, the absorption of light energy by the filter may cause its temperature to rise, thereby reducing its own service life.
  • a polarizing plate is usually provided on the light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel. Polarizing light is incident on the liquid crystal display panel by using a polarizing plate, and then by means of a display panel The refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules in the middle, and the image display is realized by the polarized light.
  • the polarizing plates used in the liquid crystal display devices of the prior art are mostly absorbing polarizers. For example, a polarizer typically absorbs about 50% of the light in a non-predetermined polarization direction. In this way, the transmittance of the incident light and the utilization of the incident light are further reduced, which causes difficulty in improving the contrast of the display device, and thus the quality of the image display is difficult to ensure. Summary of the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a filter, a display device using the same, and a method of preparing the same, which can improve the transmittance of incident light and the utilization of incident light, thereby realizing enhanced image display. The effect of quality.
  • a filter having a plurality of pixel regions respectively corresponding to light of a plurality of different wavelength bands comprising a plurality of dielectric films stacked in a stack, each dielectric film reflecting light of one wavelength band, and transmitting other light The light of the band; in each of the pixel regions, the dielectric film that reflects the light of the corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region is replaced by a polarization separation film that reflects the light of the first polarization direction and transmits the light of the second polarization direction.
  • the pixel region includes a first pixel region corresponding to light of the first wavelength band, a second pixel region corresponding to light of the second wavelength band, and a third pixel region corresponding to light of the third wavelength band, wherein the medium
  • the film includes a first dielectric film that reflects light of the first wavelength band and transmits light outside the first wavelength band, a second dielectric film that reflects light of the second wavelength band and transmits light outside the second wavelength band, and reflects light of the third wavelength band and a third dielectric film that transmits light outside the third wavelength band; and, the portion of the first dielectric film at the first pixel region, the portion of the second dielectric film at the second pixel region, and the third dielectric film at the third pixel region The portion is replaced by the polarization separation film.
  • the light of the first wavelength band is red light
  • the light of the second wavelength band is green light
  • the light of the third wavelength band is blue light
  • the polarization direction of the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other;
  • the polarization separation film comprises an upper and lower alternating and stacked And an anisotropic layer, wherein the isotropic layer has the same refractive index for the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction which are perpendicular to each other; and the pair of anisotropic layers are perpendicular to each other
  • the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction have different refractive indices.
  • the refractive index of the isotropic layer is greater than the refractive index of the anisotropic layer; and for the light of the second polarization direction, the refractive index of the isotropic layer is equal to The refractive index of the anisotropic layer.
  • the dielectric film comprises a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer which are alternately arranged one above another; the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is greater than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer; each dielectric film and the replacement layer
  • the polarization separation films of the dielectric films each include the same number of layers; the isotropic layer of the polarization separation film is the second dielectric layer.
  • the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is at least 0.2 greater than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer.
  • the total number of layers of the dielectric film is 50 to 400 layers.
  • the present invention also provides a display device using any of the above filters, comprising a display panel and a filter disposed on a light incident side of the display panel; the filter is any one of the above filters sheet.
  • a correcting polarizer is disposed between the filter and the display panel, and a polarization axis of the modified polarizer is the same as a polarization direction of light in the second polarization direction.
  • the correction polarizer comprises a polarizing film and an upper base film, one side of the polarizing film is bonded to the upper base film, and the other side is bonded to the filter.
  • the display device further includes a reflective sheet disposed on a light incident side of the display panel, and the filter is disposed between the reflective sheet and the display panel.
  • the present invention also provides a method of preparing any of the above filters, comprising the steps of:
  • each of the dielectric films reflects light of one wavelength band and transmits light of other wavelength bands;
  • a dielectric film that reflects light of a corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region is replaced by a polarization separation film that reflects light of the first polarization direction and transmits light of the second polarization direction.
  • the method further includes:
  • the step of preparing the plurality of dielectric films includes fabricating a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, and alternately laminating the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer to form the dielectric film;
  • the replacing step includes: replacing, in each of the pixel regions, a first dielectric layer of a dielectric film that reflects light of a corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region with an anisotropic layer of the polarization separation film.
  • the filter provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides a plurality of dielectric films capable of reflecting light of different specific wavelength bands and transmitting light of other wavelength bands, and replacing the corresponding dielectric film with a polarization separation film at each color pixel region.
  • the dielectric film can transmit the light of the desired wavelength band through the filter and reflect the light of other wavelength bands.
  • the polarization separation film can transmit the light of the desired polarization direction through the polarization separation film, and the other Light reflection in the direction of polarization.
  • the light reflected by the dielectric film and the polarization separation film can be re-injected into the dielectric film and the polarization separation film by the action of the reflection sheet or other optical film, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light and the utilization of the incident light. In turn, it can provide powerful technical support for enhancing image display quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filter in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial structural view of the filter of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial structural view of a display device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 first dielectric film
  • 2 second dielectric film
  • 3 third dielectric film
  • 4 polarized separation film
  • 5 modified polarizing plate
  • 6 reflective sheet
  • 11 first dielectric layer
  • 41 isotropic layer
  • 42 anisotropic layer
  • 51 lower base film
  • 52 polarizing film
  • 53 upper base film
  • 54 protective film.
  • a filter having a plurality of pixel regions respectively corresponding to light of a plurality of different wavelength bands.
  • the filter comprises a plurality of dielectric films arranged in a stack, each of the dielectric films reflecting light of one wavelength band and transmitting light of other wavelength bands; and in each pixel region, the dielectric film reflecting light of the corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region is reflected by the first A polarization separation film that transmits light in one polarization direction and transmits light in the second polarization direction.
  • the polarization directions of the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the pixel region includes a first pixel region corresponding to light of the first wavelength band, a second pixel region corresponding to light of the second wavelength band, and a third pixel region corresponding to light of the third wavelength band.
  • the dielectric film includes a first dielectric film that reflects light of the first wavelength band and transmits light outside the first wavelength band, a second dielectric film that reflects light of the second wavelength band and transmits light outside the second wavelength band, and reflects light of the third wavelength band And a third dielectric film that transmits light outside the third wavelength band.
  • each layer of the dielectric film can respectively transmit light of a desired wavelength band (light outside the first wavelength band, light outside the second wavelength band or light outside the third wavelength band) through the corresponding pixel region in the filter.
  • the polarization separation film can make the desired polarization direction
  • Light (light in the second polarization direction) passes through the polarization separation film, and light in the other polarization direction (light in the first polarization direction) is reflected.
  • the light reflected by the dielectric film and the polarization separation film can be re-injected into the dielectric film and the polarization separation film by the reflection sheet or other optical film, thereby improving the transmittance of the incident light and the utilization of the incident light, and thus Provide strong technical support for enhancing image display quality.
  • the filter in one embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below by taking a common RGB (red, green, blue) color mixing scheme as an example, wherein the light of the first wavelength band is red light (wavelength range is 600 nm_780 nm), and the second wavelength band is used. light green light (wavelength range 480nm_600nm), the third band is a blue light (wavelength range 390 n m-480nm).
  • the first pixel area is a red pixel area
  • the second pixel area is a green pixel area
  • the third pixel area The field is a blue pixel area.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a filter in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a partial structural view of the filter of FIG. 1.
  • the filter includes a first dielectric film 1 that reflects red light and transmits blue light and green light, a second dielectric film 2 that reflects green light and transmits red and blue light, and reflects blue light and A third dielectric film 3 that transmits red light and green light.
  • the first dielectric film 1, the second dielectric film 2, and the third dielectric film 3 are laminated on each other (i.e., disposed in parallel in the thickness direction).
  • the portion of the first dielectric film 1 in the red pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the portion of the second dielectric film 1 in the green pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the portion of the third dielectric film 3 in the blue pixel region It is replaced by the polarization separation film 4.
  • the portion of the third dielectric film 3 in the blue pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4, and therefore, only the first dielectric film exists in the blue pixel region. 1 and a second dielectric film 2.
  • the case where the incident light is in the red pixel region and the green pixel region is similar to the case in the blue pixel region.
  • the order in which the first dielectric film, the second dielectric film, and the third dielectric film are bonded to each other does not affect the optical characteristics of the filter in the embodiment, and is not particularly limited herein.
  • the layers of dielectric films are shown as being spaced apart from each other for clarity, it will be understood that they may be attached to each other. In addition, there may be other layers between them as needed, such as a transparent adhesive layer.
  • each layer of the dielectric film and the polarization separation film are shown as each layer including four layers for convenience, it is understood that the number of layers It is intended to be illustrative only and not a limitation of the invention.
  • One of ordinary skill in the art can set the number of layers respectively included in each of the dielectric film and the polarization separation film according to actual needs. It is preferable that each of the dielectric film and the polarizing separation film replacing the dielectric film have the same number of layers each.
  • each of the dielectric films may include a first dielectric layer 11 and a second dielectric layer 12 which are alternately arranged one above another, and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 11 may be greater than the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 12.
  • the relationship between the film thickness of a dielectric layer and the wavelength of the reflected light is: d / 4 ri, where d is the thickness of the dielectric layer, ⁇ is the wavelength of the light reflected by the dielectric layer, and ⁇ is the refractive index of the dielectric layer. It can be seen that changing the thickness d of the dielectric layer changes the wavelength ⁇ of the reflected light of the dielectric layer.
  • a dielectric film having a wide reflection bandwidth can be obtained. Because, as the film thickness of each dielectric layer in the dielectric film is gradually increased, the reflection bandwidths of the respective dielectric layers are superimposed on each other, thereby obtaining a dielectric film having a wider reflection bandwidth as a whole. Moreover, by appropriately selecting the thickness of each dielectric layer in the dielectric film, the dielectric film can also be made to reflect the visible light of the entire wavelength band.
  • each of the first dielectric film, the second dielectric film, and the third dielectric film may include a plurality of periods each of which is composed of two dielectric layers having different refractive indices (for example, a high refractive index) The difference between the refractive index of the dielectric layer and the refractive index of the low refractive index dielectric layer is greater than or equal to 0.2.
  • the dielectric film has a reflection wavelength range of L ⁇ , and in each cycle, if the refractive index is in the incident light direction
  • the dielectric layers are arranged in descending order so that light is incident on the low refractive index dielectric layer (ie, the low refractive index dielectric layer is arranged before the high refractive index dielectric layer), in which the dielectric film is:
  • the low refractive index dielectric layer is arranged after the high refractive index dielectric layer in the incident light direction, then in the dielectric film:
  • k is an increasing coefficient, and 0.5 k 16
  • i is a natural number, and 0 ⁇ i Z/2
  • ru is the refractive index of the low refractive index dielectric layer
  • Z is the medium The total number of layers of the low refractive index dielectric layer and the high refractive index dielectric layer in the film.
  • the polarization separation film 4 may include an isotropic layer 41 and an anisotropic layer 42 which are alternately stacked one on another.
  • the isotropic layer 41 has the same refractive index of the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction which are perpendicular to each other, and the light of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction of the anisotropic layer 42 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the refractive index of the light is different.
  • the refractive index of the anisotropic layer 42 is greater than the refractive index of the isotropic layer 41, for example, the refractive index of the anisotropic layer 42 may be equal to the refractive index of the first dielectric layer.
  • the refractive index of the anisotropic layer 42 is equal to the refractive index of the isotropic layer 41, for example, the refractive index of the anisotropic layer 42 may be equal to the refractive index of the second dielectric layer.
  • the anisotropic layer 42 is light to the first polarization direction and the second 5 ⁇
  • the difference between the refractive index of the polarization of the light is at least 0.2.
  • the light in the first polarization direction may be polarized light having a polarization direction of 0°
  • the light in the second polarization direction may be polarized light having a polarization direction of 90°
  • the light in the first polarization direction may be a polarization direction of 90°
  • the polarized light, the light of the second polarization direction may be polarized light having a polarization direction of 0°.
  • a second dielectric layer 12 may be employed as the isotropic layer 41 of the polarization separation film 4.
  • the portion of the first dielectric film 1 in the red pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the portion of the second dielectric film 2 in the green pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the third dielectric film 3 is in the blue pixel region.
  • the first dielectric layer 11 of the pixel region should be replaced with the anisotropic layer 42.
  • it is not necessary to separately form the isotropic layer 41 of the polarization separation film 4 which reduces the number of process steps while saving material.
  • the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the anisotropic layer 42 are exaggerated for convenience of explanation.
  • the first dielectric layer 11, the second dielectric layer 12, and the anisotropic layer 42 are each formed of a film having a thickness as thin as 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a polymer material such as polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) formed by stretching a polymer material may be used.
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a liquid crystal polymer formed by photocuring a nematic liquid crystal.
  • the anisotropic layer 42 it is also possible to use another polymer material such as syndiotactic polystyrene (PS) made of a stretched polymer material, or a photocurable disc type liquid crystal.
  • PS syndiotactic polystyrene
  • Liquid crystal polymer for the first dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12, an organic material such as polyterephthalic acid or an organic material such as titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, trititanium pentoxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride or the like may be used. Oxide or nitride material.
  • the dielectric film comprises a dielectric layer having a total number of layers in the range of 50-400 layers.
  • the filter of the present invention may still include the first dielectric film 1, the second dielectric film 2, and the third dielectric film 3 which are laminated.
  • the portion of the first dielectric film 1 in the red pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4; the portion of the second dielectric film 1 in the green pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4; the third dielectric film 3 is polarized in the portion of the blue pixel region
  • the separation membrane 4 is replaced; in the black pixel region, no dielectric film is replaced with the polarization separation membrane 4.
  • the settings for the dielectric film for other color mixing schemes are similar.
  • the display device includes a display panel (not shown) and a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention disposed on the light incident side of the display panel.
  • the filter can reflect light outside the desired wavelength band and light other than the desired polarization direction, the reflected light can be re-injected into the dielectric film under the action of the reflective sheet or other optical film, and The polarization separation film 4 of the dielectric film is replaced, thereby improving the transmittance of incident light and the utilization of incident light. Therefore, the image display quality of the display device can be effectively improved.
  • the polarization separation film 4 is integrated in the filter, in an ideal state, the polarization separation film 4 can be used to generate polarized light required for display by the display device. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a polarizing plate on the light incident side of the display panel. In this way, the cost is saved, and at the same time, the display device can be made lighter and thinner.
  • a correcting polarizing plate 5 is disposed between the filter and the display panel, and the polarizing axis of the correcting polarizing plate 5 is the same as the polarizing direction of the light of the second polarizing direction. Under the action of the correcting polarizer 5, the light of the first polarization direction which is interposed can be completely removed.
  • the correcting polarizing plate 5 having a polarization axis of 90° can be selected.
  • the correcting polarizing plate 5 having a polarization axis of 0° can be selected.
  • the correction polarizer 5 in this embodiment may be a polarizing plate commonly used in the prior art, that is, as shown in FIG. 3, including a polarizing film 52 and an upper base film 53 respectively attached to the upper and lower sides of the polarizing film 52, and Lower base film 51.
  • the upper base film 53 and the lower base film 51 mainly serve to protect and fix the polarizing film 53, and may be made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate ( Made of PC).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC made of PC
  • the correction polarizer 5 may further include a protective film 54 which protects the entire modified polarizing plate.
  • the filter can be used to protect and fix the polarizing film 52, that is, the filter is used instead of the lower base film 51, so that the degree of the polarizing film can be replaced to some extent.
  • the thickness of the modified polarizing plate 5 is reduced and the material saving is achieved.
  • the reflective sheet is also disposed on the light incident side of the display panel. 6.
  • the filter is disposed between the reflective sheet 6 and the display panel. In this way, the light reflected from the filter is re-incident to the filter by the reflection sheet 6, so that the effect of improving the transmittance of the incident light and the utilization of the incident light can be better achieved.
  • the backlight module of the prior art mainly comprises a light-emitting element, a light guide plate and a reflection sheet disposed on the back surface of the light guide plate.
  • the back side of the light guide plate refers to the opposite side of the light exit surface of the light guide plate.
  • the main function of the light guide plate is to uniformly guide the light beam emitted from the light-emitting element upward, and the reflection sheet is used to reflect the light escaping from the bottom surface of the light guide plate back to the light guide plate, thereby improving the utilization of the light source.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate is provided with an optical film for changing the direction of the light emitted from the light guide plate and enhancing the light intensity of the emitted light. Since the backlight module is disposed on the light incident side of the filter, the reflection of the reflective sheet in the backlight module can be utilized to re-inject the light reflected by the filter into the filter without separately providing the reflective sheet. 6.
  • the filter preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing a plurality of dielectric films and laminating them, wherein each dielectric film reflects light of one wavelength band and transmits light of other wavelength bands; For example, the first dielectric film 1, the second dielectric film 2, and the third dielectric film 3 are separately formed;
  • Step 2 dividing the plurality of dielectric films arranged in a plurality of layers into a plurality of pixel regions respectively corresponding to light of a plurality of different wave segments;
  • Step 3 in each pixel region, a dielectric film that reflects light of a corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region is replaced by a polarization separation film 4 that reflects light of a first polarization direction and transmits light of a second polarization direction; for example, the first medium
  • a dielectric film that reflects light of a corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region is replaced by a polarization separation film 4 that reflects light of a first polarization direction and transmits light of a second polarization direction; for example, the first medium
  • the portion of the film 1 in the red pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the portion of the second dielectric film 1 in the green pixel region is replaced by the polarization separation film 4
  • the portion of the third dielectric film 3 in the blue pixel region is separated by polarization.
  • Membrane 4 is replaced.
  • the polarization directions of the light of the first polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each
  • the filter preparation method further includes the following steps before the step 3:
  • the anisotropic layer 42 in the polarization separation film 4 is formed such that the anisotropic layer 42 is opposed to The light of one polarization direction and the light of the second polarization direction have different refractive indices.
  • the step 1 is specifically: forming a first dielectric layer 11 and a second dielectric layer 12 of a predetermined thickness, and alternately laminating the first dielectric layer 11 and the second dielectric layer 12 to form a dielectric film;
  • the step 2 is specifically: replacing, in each pixel region, all of the first dielectric layers 11 in the dielectric film reflecting the light of the corresponding wavelength band of the pixel region with the anisotropic layer 42 in the polarization separation film 4 .
  • the first dielectric layer 11 in the first dielectric film 1 is removed in a portion of the red pixel region, and the second dielectric film 2 is removed.
  • a dielectric layer 11 is partially removed in the green pixel region, and the first dielectric layer 11 in the third dielectric film 3 is removed in portions of the blue pixel region.
  • the removal method can be laser cutting or other known methods.
  • an anisotropic layer 42 is formed. The anisotropic layer 42 is formed to have a morphology matching the removed portion of the first dielectric layer 11 by laser cutting or other known methods.
  • an anisotropic layer 42 is provided in a portion of the first dielectric film 1 from which the first dielectric layer 11 is removed, and an anisotropic layer is provided in a portion of the second dielectric film 2 from which the first dielectric layer 11 is removed.
  • An anisotropic layer 42 is provided in a portion of the third dielectric film 3 from which the first dielectric layer 11 is removed.
  • the first dielectric layer 11 including the anisotropic layer 42 and the second dielectric layer 12 as an isotropic layer are alternately laminated and pressed in a predetermined order to form the filter described in this embodiment. .
  • the filter preparation method provided in the present embodiment can simultaneously form the dielectric film and the polarization separation film 4, and utilize the second dielectric layer 12 as the anisotropic layer of the polarization separation film 4, thus being reduced. At the same time as the process steps, materials are also saved, thereby reducing production costs.

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Abstract

一种滤光片、应用该滤光片的显示装置以及制备该滤光片的方法。该滤光片具有分别与多个不同波段的光一一对应的多个像素区域。该滤光片包括层叠设置的多种介质膜（1，2，3），每种介质膜反射一个波段的光，并透射其他波段的光。在每个像素区域，反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介质膜由反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离膜（4）替换。该滤光片提高了入射光的透过率以及对入射光的利用率，进而可以为增强图像显示品质提供有力的技术支持。

Description

滤光片及其制备方法、 显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域， 具体涉及一种滤光片、 应用该滤光 片的显示装置以及制备该滤光片的方法。 背景技术
平板显示装置相比于传统的阴极射线管显示装置具有轻薄、 驱 动电压低、没有闪烁抖动以及使用寿命长等优点。平板显示装置分为 主动发光显示装置与被动发光显示装置。例如，薄膜晶体管液晶显示 装置 ( Thin Fi lm Transi stor-Liquid Crystal Di splay, TFT-LCD) 就是一种被动发光显示装置， 由于其具有画面稳定、 图像逼真、辐射 很小、节省空间以及节省能耗等优点， 被广泛应用于电视、手机等电 子产品中， 已占据了平面显示领域的主导地位。
在作为被动发光显示装置的液晶显示装置中， 由于液晶显示面 板本身不发光，需要背光模组或者外界环境光为其提供光源。在现有 技术中， 为了正确显示彩色图像， 通常会在背光模组的前方（即出光 方向）安装滤光片， 以使得从背光模组或者外界环境提供的光入射到 滤光片 （Color fi lter , 简称 CF) 后， 滤光片可以精确选择特定波 段范围内的光以使其能够通过滤光片，而反射或者吸收掉其他不希望 通过的波段范围内的光。 由此，使观察者可以接收到饱和的某个颜色 的光线， 最终实现彩色图像显示。
现有技术中通常采用吸收式的滤光片， 即滤光片只允许特定波 段范围内的入射光通过，而将其余波段范围内的入射光吸收掉。例如， 对于红色像素区域，则只允许入射光中的红光部分通过，入射光中其 他颜色的光均被吸收掉。这样， 一方面造成入射光的透过率很低（只 有 30%左右），另一方面，滤光片吸收光能后可能会导致其温度升高， 从而降低了自身的使用寿命。
另外， 在液晶显示面板的入光侧， 通常还设置有偏振片。 利用 偏振片使入射到液晶显示面板的光线成为偏振光，然后借助显示面板 中液晶分子的折射率各向异性，利用偏振光实现图像显示。现有技术 中的液晶显示装置使用的偏振片大多为吸收式偏振片。例如，偏振片 通常会吸收大约 50%的非预设偏振方向的光。 这样， 进一步降低了入 射光的透过率以及对入射光的利用率，造成显示装置的对比度提升困 难， 从而导致图像显示的品质难以保证。 发明内容
(一） 要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种滤光片、 应用该滤光片的显示装置 以及制备该滤光片的方法，其能够提升入射光的透过率以及对入射光 的利用率， 实现增强图像显示品质的效果。
(二） 技术方案
本发明技术方案如下：
一种滤光片， 具有分别与多个不同波段的光一一对应的多个像 素区域，该滤光片包括层叠设置的多种介质膜，每种介质膜反射一个 波段的光， 并透射其他波段的光； 在每个像素区域， 反射该像素区域 对应波段的光的介质膜由反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方 向的光的偏振分离膜替换。
优选的， 所述像素区域包括对应第一波段的光的第一像素区域， 对应第二波段的光的第二像素区域，和对应第三波段的光的第三像素 区域，其中，所述介质膜包括反射第一波段的光且透射第一波段外的 光的第一介质膜，反射第二波段的光且透射第二波段外的光的第二介 质膜，和反射第三波段的光且透射第三波段外的光的第三介质膜；并 且，所述第一介质膜在第一像素区域的部分、第二介质膜在第二像素 区域的部分以及第三介质膜在第三像素区域的部分被所述偏振分离 膜替换。
优选的， 所述第一波段的光为红光， 所述第二波段的光为绿光， 所述第三波段的光为蓝光。
优选的， 所述第一偏振方向的光与所述第二偏振方向的光的偏 振方向互相垂直；所述偏振分离膜包括上下交替且层叠设置的各向同 性层和各向异性层，其中，所述各向同性层对互相垂直的第一偏振方 向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率相同；并且，所述各向异性层对 互相垂直的第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率不同。
优选的， 对于第一偏振方向的光， 所述各向同性层的折射率大 于所述各向异性层的折射率；对于第二偏振方向的光，所述各向同性 层的折射率等于所述各向异性层的折射率。
优选的， 所述介质膜包括上下交替且层叠设置的第一介质层和 第二介质层；所述第一介质层的折射率大于第二介质层的折射率；每 层介质膜和替换该层介质膜的偏振分离膜各自包含的层的数量相同； 所述偏振分离膜的各向同性层为所述第二介质层。
优选的， 所述第一介质层的折射率比所述第二介质层的折射率 至少大 0. 2。
优选的， 所述介质膜的总层数为 50~400层。
本发明还提供了一种应用上述任意一种滤光片的显示装置， 其 包括显示面板以及设置在所述显示面板入光侧的滤光片；所述滤光片 为上述任意一种滤光片。
优选的， 所述滤光片与显示面板之间设置有修正偏振片， 所述 修正偏振片的偏光轴与所述第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向相同。
优选的， 所述修正偏光片包括偏振膜和上基膜， 所述偏振膜的 一面与上基膜贴合， 另一面与所述滤光片贴合。
优选的， 所述显示装置还包括设置在所述显示面板入光侧的反 射片， 所述滤光片设置在所述反射片与显示面板之间。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述任意一种滤光片的方法， 包括步 骤：
制备所述多种介质膜并将它们层叠设置， 其中每种介质膜反射 一个波段的光， 且透射其他波段的光；
将层叠设置的所述多种介质膜划分成分别与多个不同波段的光 一一对应的多个像素区域； 以及
在每个像素区域， 将反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介质膜由 反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离膜替换。 优选的， 所述方法进一步包括：
制作偏振分离膜中的各向异性层， 使得各向异性层对第一偏振 方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率不同； 其中
制备所述多种介质膜的步骤包括制作第一介质层和第二介质 层，并使所述第一介质层和第二介质层交替地层叠设置以形成所述介 质膜； 并且
所述替换步骤包括： 在每个像素区域， 将反射该像素区域对应 波段的光的介质膜的第一介质层替换为所述偏振分离膜的各向异性 层。
(三） 有益效果
本发明实施例所提供的滤光片， 通过设置多种能够各自反射不 同的特定波段的光并透射其他波段的光的介质膜，并在各色像素区域 处用偏振分离膜替代对应的介质膜，一方面，介质膜可以使所需波段 的光透过滤光片， 而将其他波段的光反射， 另一方面， 偏振分离膜可 以使所需偏振方向的光透过偏振分离膜， 而将其他偏振方向的光反 射。因此，介质膜和偏振分离膜反射的光可以在反射片或者其他光学 膜材的作用下重新入射到介质膜以及偏振分离膜，从而提高了入射光 的透过率以及对入射光的利用率，进而可以为增强图像显示品质提供 有力的技术支持。 附图说明
图 1是本发明一个实施例中的滤光片的结构示意图；
图 2是图 1中的滤光片的局部结构示意图；
图 3是本发明一个实施例中的显示装置的局部结构示意图； 图 4是本发明一个实施例中的滤光片制备方法的流程示意图。 图中： 1 : 第一介质膜； 2 : 第二介质膜； 3 : 第三介质膜； 4: 偏振分离膜； 5 : 修正偏振片； 6: 反射片； 11 : 第一介质层； 12 : 第 二介质层； 41 : 各向同性层； 42 : 各向异性层； 51 : 下基膜； 52 : 偏 振膜； 53 : 上基膜； 54: 保护膜。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例， 对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步描 述。 以下实施例仅用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的范围。
根据本发明的一个实施例， 提供了一种滤光片， 该滤光片具有 分别与多个不同波段的光一一对应的多个像素区域。该滤光片包括层 叠设置的多种介质膜，每种介质膜反射一个波段的光，并透射其他波 段的光；在每个像素区域，反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介质膜由 反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离膜替换。 优选的， 第一偏振方向的光与第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向互相垂 直。例如， 像素区域包括对应第一波段的光的第一像素区域， 对应第 二波段的光的第二像素区域， 以及对应第三波段的光的第三像素区 域。介质膜包括反射第一波段的光且透射第一波段外的光的第一介质 膜，反射第二波段的光且透射第二波段外的光的第二介质膜， 以及反 射第三波段的光且透射第三波段外的光的第三介质膜。第一介质膜在 第一像素区域的部分、第二介质膜在第二像素区域的部分以及第三介 质膜在第三像素区域的部分均被偏振分离膜替换。这样，一方面， 各 层介质膜可以分别使所需波段的光（第一波段外的光、第二波段外的 光或者第三波段外的光）透过滤光片中的相应像素区域，而将除所需 波段的光之外的其他波段的光（第一波段的光、第二波段的光或者第 三波段的光）反射， 另一方面， 偏振分离膜可以使所需偏振方向的光 (第二偏振方向的光）透过偏振分离膜， 而将其他偏振方向的光（第 一偏振方向的光）反射。介质膜和偏振分离膜反射的光可以在反射片 或者其他光学膜材的作用下重新入射到介质膜以及偏振分离膜，从而 提高了入射光的透过率以及对入射光的利用率，进而可以为增强图像 显示品质提供有力的技术支持。
下面以常用的 RGB (红、 绿、 蓝）混色方案为例详细说明本发明 的一个实施例中的滤光片， 其中第一波段的光为红光 （波长范围为 600nm_780nm) ， 第二波段的光为绿光 （波长范围为 480nm_600nm) ， 第三波段的光为蓝光 （波长范围为 390nm-480nm) 。 相应的， 第一像 素区域为红色像素区域，第二像素区域为绿色像素区域，第三像素区 域为蓝色像素区域。
图 1是本发明一个实施例中的滤光片的结构示意图。图 2是图 1 中的滤光片的局部结构示意图。如图 1以及图 2中所示，滤光片包括 反射红光且透射蓝光和绿光的第一介质膜 1，反射绿光且透射红光和 蓝光的第二介质膜 2， 以及反射蓝光且透射红光和绿光的第三介质膜 3。第一介质膜 1、第二介质膜 2以及第三介质膜 3彼此层叠设置（即 在厚度方向上平行设置）。并且， 第一介质膜 1在红色像素区域的部 分被偏振分离膜 4替换，第二介质膜 1在绿色像素区域的部分被偏振 分离膜 4替换，第三介质膜 3在蓝色像素区域的部分被偏振分离膜 4 替换。以图示中最左侧的蓝色像素区域为例，第三介质膜 3在蓝色像 素区域的部分被偏振分离膜 4替换， 因此，实际上在蓝色像素区域中 仅存在第一介质膜 1和第二介质膜 2。当背光或外界环境光之类的入 射光（可看成三基色光）到达第一介质膜 1时， 入射光中的红光被反 射， 绿光以及蓝光通过第一介质膜 1而入射到第二介质膜 2。 在绿光 和蓝光到达第二介质膜 2时，绿光也被反射，只剩下蓝光通过第二介 质膜 2而继续入射到偏振分离膜 4。 在蓝光到达偏振分离膜 4时， 第 一偏振方向的光被反射，而第二偏振方向的光通过偏振分离膜 4入射 到显示面板。入射光在红色像素区域和绿色像素区域中的情形与在蓝 色像素区域中的情形类似。上述第一介质膜、第二介质膜以及第三介 质膜相互贴合时的排列顺序并不影响本实施例中滤光片的光学特性， 在此并不做特殊限定。
在附图中， 尽管为了清楚起见将各层介质膜示出为彼此间隔一 定距离， 然而可以理解的是， 它们彼此还可以贴合在一起。 另外， 在 它们之间还可以具有根据需要而设置的其他层， 比如透明的粘合剂 层。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中， 提供了介质膜 1-3 以及偏振分 离膜 4的具体示例。如图 1以及图 1中所示，将不同折射率的多个介 质层交替层叠以制成介质膜，将各向同性层 41和各向异性层 42交替 层叠以制成偏振分离膜 4。 在附图中， 尽管为方便起见将各层介质膜 和偏振分离膜均示出为每层膜包括四个层，然而可以理解，层的数量 仅为示例性的而不是对本发明的限制。本领域普通技术人员可以根据 实际需要设置各层介质膜和偏振分离膜各自包含的层的数量。优选的 是，每层介质膜和替换该层介质膜的偏振分离膜各自包含的层的数量 相同。
本优选实施例中， 每层介质膜可以包括上下交替且层叠设置的 第一介质层 1 1和第二介质层 12， 第一介质层 1 1的折射率可以大于 第二介质层 12的折射率。 一个介质层的膜厚与其反射光的波长的关 系为： d /4ri， 其中， d为该介质层的厚度， λ为该介质层所反射的 光的波长， η为该介质层的折射率。 可见， 改变介质层的厚度 d， 就 可使该介质层的反射光的波长 λ发生变化。如果利用多层层叠的方法 将不同厚度的介质层进行层叠， 可制成宽反射带宽的介质膜。 因为， 随着介质膜中的各个介质层的膜厚渐增，各个介质层的反射带宽相互 叠加， 从而得到整体具有更宽反射带宽的介质膜。而且， 通过适当地 选择介质膜中各个介质层的厚度， 还可使介质膜反射全波段的可见 光。
具体而言， 例如， 第一介质膜、 第二介质膜和第三介质膜中的 每一个均可包括多个周期，每个周期由两个具有不同折射率的介质层 (例如，高折射率介质层的折射率和低折射率介质层的折射率之间的 差值大于或等于 0. 2 )交叠排列而成。 对于第一介质膜、 第二介质膜 和第三介质膜中的任一介质膜，若该介质膜的反射波长范围为 L^ , 并且在每个周期中，若在入射光方向上以折射率从低到高的顺序排列 各介质层从而光先入射到低折射率介质层（即低折射率介质层排列在 高折射率介质层之前） ， 则在该介质膜中：
第 i 个 周 期 中 的 低 折 射 率 介 质 层 的 厚 度 为 dli= [L1+k (2 i-l- l) ] /4n1 ,
第 i 个 周 期 中 的 高 折 射 率 介 质 层 的 厚 度 为 d2i= [L1+k (2 i-l) ] /4n2;
若在入射光方向上低折射率介质层排列在高折射率介质层之 后， 则在该介质膜中：
第 i 个 周 期 中 的 低 折 射 率 介 质 层 的 厚 度 为 dli= [L1+k (2i-l) ] /4n1,
第 i 个 周 期 中 的 高 折 射 率 介 质 层 的 厚 度 为 d2i= [L1+k (2i-l-l) ] /4n2 ;
其中， k为递增系数，且 0. 5 k 16， i为自然数，且 0< i Z/2， ru为低折射率介质层的折射率， 为高折射率介质层的折射率， Z是 介质膜中的低折射率介质层和高折射率介质层的总层数。
递增系数 k对应于相邻两个介质层所反射光的波长之间的差值， 其与总层数 Z有关， 优选地， k= ( - ) / ( Z-1 ) 。
本优选实施例中， 偏振分离膜 4可以包括上下交替且层叠设置 的各向同性层 41和各向异性层 42。 其中， 各向同性层 41对互相垂 直的第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率相同，而各向异 性层 42对互相垂直的第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射 率不同。 例如， 对于第一偏振方向的光， 各向异性层 42的折射率大 于各向同性层 41的折射率，例如各向异性层 42的折射率可以等于上 述第一介质层的折射率。 对于第二偏振方向的光， 各向异性层 42的 折射率等于各向同性层 41的折射率，例如各向异性层 42的折射率可 以等于上述第二介质层的折射率。因为相邻两个介质层（如第一介质 层和第二介质层） 的折射率之间的差值大于或等于 0. 2， 所以各向异 性层 42对第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率之间的差 值至少为 0. 2。 这样， 当第一偏振方向的光与第二偏振方向的光的偏 振方向互相垂直时，第一偏振方向的光会被偏振分离膜 4反射，而第 二偏振方向的光则会透过偏振分离膜 4。其中， 第一偏振方向的光可 以是偏振方向为 0° 的偏振光， 第二偏振方向的光可以是偏振方向为 90° 的偏振光， 或者第一偏振方向的光可以是偏振方向为 90° 的偏 振光， 第二偏振方向的光可以是偏振方向为 0° 的偏振光。
为了节省材料以及减少工艺步骤， 在本发明的一个优选实施例 中， 可以采用第二介质层 12作为偏振分离膜 4的各向同性层 41。 这 样，将第一介质膜 1在红色像素区域的部分由偏振分离膜 4替换，第 二介质膜 2在绿色像素区域的部分由偏振分离膜 4替换，以及第三介 质膜 3在蓝色像素区域的部分由偏振分离膜 4替换时，仅仅需要将对 应像素区域的第一介质层 11替换为各向异性层 42即可。这样，就不 必单独形成偏振分离膜 4的各向同性层 41， 在节省了材料的同时减 少了工艺步骤。
在图示中， 为了方便说明， 第一介质层 11、 第二介质层 12以及 各向异性层 42的厚度被夸大了。 实际上， 第一介质层 11、 第二介质 层 12以及各向异性层 42均由厚度薄至 50-100 μιη的薄膜形成。例如， 对于各向异性层 42， 可以使用通过拉伸聚合物材料形成的诸如聚萘 二甲酸乙二醇脂（PEN)或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET )—类的聚合 物材料， 或者使用通过光固化向列液晶形成的液晶聚合物。另外， 对 于各向异性层 42， 还可以使用通过拉伸聚合物材料制成的例如间同 聚苯乙烯（PS )—类的另一种聚合物材料， 或者使用通过光固化碟型 液晶制成的液晶聚合物。对于第一介质层 11以及第二介质层 12， 可 以使用诸如聚对苯二甲酸类之类的有机材料，或者诸如二氧化钛、二 氧化硅、 五氧化三钛、 氧化铝、 氮化硅之类的氧化物或氮化物材料。 第一介质层 11、 第二介质层 12以及各向异性层 42的层数越多反射 效果越好。但是在实际应用中，还需要考虑最后组装完成后显示装置 的厚度。 因此， 本优选实施例中， 介质膜包含的介质层的总层数在 50-400层范围内。
需要说明的是， 在其他混色方案中， 例如 RGB Y (红、 绿、 蓝、 黄）、 RGBW (红、 绿、 蓝、 白）、 RGBK (红、 绿、 蓝、 黑） 、 CMY (青、 洋红、 黄） 、 CMYK (青、 洋红、 黄、 黑）等混色方案中， 本领域技术 人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，可将本发明技术方案用于上述混 色方案， 这都属于本发明保护的范围。 例如， 对于 RGBK混色方案， 本发明的滤光片可以仍然包括层叠设置的第一介质膜 1、第二介质膜 2以及第三介质膜 3。 第一介质膜 1在红色像素区域的部分被偏振分 离膜 4替换； 第二介质膜 1在绿色像素区域的部分被偏振分离膜 4 替换；第三介质膜 3在蓝色像素区域的部分被偏振分离膜 4替换；在 黑色像素区域， 则没有介质膜被替换为偏振分离膜 4。 针对其他混色 方案的介质膜的设置与此类似。
下面参照图 3来详细说明根据本发明的一个实施例的显示装置， 该显示装置包括显示面板（未示出）以及设置在显示面板入光侧的根 据本发明一个实施例的滤光片。在该显示装置中， 由于滤光片可以将 所需波段外的光以及所需偏振方向以外的光反射，而反射的光可以在 反射片或者其他光学膜材的作用下重新入射到介质膜以及替换该介 质膜的偏振分离膜 4， 因此提高了入射光的透过率以及对入射光的利 用率。因此，该显示装置的图像显示品质可以得到有效的提升。并且， 由于滤光片中集成了偏振分离膜 4， 在理想状态下， 通过偏振分离膜 4即可产生显示装置显示所需的偏振光。因此，在显示面板的入光侧， 可以无需设置偏振片。通过这种方式节省了成本，并且同时可以使显 示装置更加轻薄。
然而， 在实际应用中， 由于技术所限， 通过偏振分离膜 4 的第 二偏振方向的光中可能仍然夹杂第一偏振方向的光。因此，在一个优 选实施例中， 在滤光片与显示面板之间还设置有修正偏振片 5， 修正 偏振片 5的偏光轴与第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向相同。在修正偏振 片 5的作用下， 可以完全去除夹杂的第一偏振方向的光。例如， 当第 二偏振方向的光是偏振方向为 90 ° 的偏振光时， 可以选择偏光轴为 90° 的修正偏振片 5。 当第二偏振方向的光是偏振方向为 0° 的偏振 光时， 可以选择偏光轴为 0° 的修正偏振片 5。
本实施例中的修正偏光片 5可以是现有技术中常用的偏振片， 即，如图 3中所示，包括偏振膜 52以及分别贴合在偏振膜 52上下两 侧的上基膜 53和下基膜 51。上基膜 53和下基膜 51主要起到保护以 及固定偏振膜 53的作用， 可以由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET)、 聚 甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA)或者聚碳酸酯（PC)等材质制成。 此外， 修 正偏光片 5还可以包括对整个修正偏振片起到保护作用的保护膜 54。 进一步的， 由于本实施例中修正偏光片直接与滤光片贴合， 因此， 可 以利用滤光片保护以及固定偏振膜 52，即利用滤光片替代下基膜 51， 这样可以在一定程度上减少修正偏振片 5 的厚度以及达到节省材料 的目的。
进一步的， 为了能够尽可能多的使上述滤光片反射出的光线重 新入射到滤光片，本实施例中，还在显示面板的入光侧设置了反射片 6， 而滤光片设置在反射片 6与显示面板之间。 这样， 利用反射片 6 使得滤光片反射出的光线重新入射到滤光片，从而更好的实现提高入 射光的透过率以及对入射光的利用率的效果。
由于液晶显示面板本身并不发光， 因此通常需要设置背光模组 为其提供光源。现有技术中的背光模组主要包括发光元件、导光板以 及设置于导光板背面的反射片。导光板背面指的是导光板的出光面的 相对面。 导光板的主要作用是将发光元件发出的光束均匀地向上引 导，而反射片用以把从导光板底面逸散出来的光线反射回导光板，提 高光源的利用率。导光板出光面设置有光学膜材，用于改变从导光板 射出光线的方向以及增强射出光线的光强等。由于背光模组设置在滤 光片的入光侧， 因此， 可以利用背光模组中的反射片的反射作用， 使 滤光片反射出的光线重新入射到滤光片， 而无需单独设置反射片 6。
下面参照图 4来详细说明根据本发明一个实施例的制备上述滤 光片的方法。
如图 4中所示， 该滤光片制备方法主要包括如下步骤： 步骤 1 :制备多种介质膜并将它们层叠设置，其中每种介质膜反 射一个波段的光， 且透射其他波段的光； 例如， 分别制作第一介质膜 1、 第二介质膜 2以及第三介质膜 3 ;
步骤 2 :将层叠设置的所述多种介质膜划分成分别与多个不同波 段的光一一对应的多个像素区域； 以及
步骤 3 :在每个像素区域，将反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介 质膜由反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离 膜 4替换；例如，将第一介质膜 1在红色像素区域的部分由偏振分离 膜 4替换， 将第二介质膜 1在绿色像素区域的部分由偏振分离膜 4 替换， 将第三介质膜 3在蓝色像素区域的部分由偏振分离膜 4替换。 优选地， 第一偏振方向的光与第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向互相垂 直。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例， 上述滤光片制备方法在步骤 3 之前进一步包括如下步骤：
制作偏振分离膜 4中的各向异性层 42，使得各向异性层 42对第 一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率不同。
优选地， 所述步骤 1具体为： 形成预设厚度的第一介质层 11和 第二介质层 12， 并使第一介质层 11和第二介质层 12交替地层叠设 置以形成介质膜；
优选地， 所述步骤 2具体为： 在每个像素区域， 将反射该像素 区域对应波段的光的介质膜中的所有第一介质层 11均替换为偏振分 离膜 4中的各向异性层 42。
具体地， 以常用的 RGB (红、 绿、 蓝）混色方案为例， 首先将第 一介质膜 1中的第一介质层 11在红色像素区域的部分去除， 将第二 介质膜 2中的第一介质层 11在绿色像素区域的部分去除， 将第三介 质膜 3中的第一介质层 11在蓝色像素区域的部分去除。 去除方法可 以是激光切割或者其他已知方法。 其次， 形成各向异性层 42。 利用 激光切割或者其他已知方法， 将各向异性层 42形成为具有与上述第 一介质层 11的去除部分相匹配的形态。 然后， 在第一介质膜 1中的 去除了第一介质层 11的部分中设置各向异性层 42， 在第二介质膜 2 中的去除了第一介质层 11的部分中设置各向异性层 42，在第三介质 膜 3中的去除了第一介质层 11的部分中设置各向异性层 42。 最后， 按照预设的顺序将包括各向异性层 42的第一介质层 11以及作为各向 同性层的第二介质层 12交替层叠并压合， 以形成本实施例中所述的 滤光片。
可以明显得出， 本实施例中所提供的滤光片制备方法可以同时 形成介质膜和偏振分离膜 4， 而且利用第二介质层 12作为偏振分离 膜 4的同向异性层， 因此在减少了工艺步骤的同时， 还节省了材料， 从而降低了生产成本。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明， 而并非对本发明的限制， 有 关技术领域的普通技术人员， 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况 下，还可以做出各种变化和变型， 因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本 发明的保护范畴。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种滤光片， 具有分别与多个不同波段的光一一对应的多个 像素区域， 其特征在于， 所述滤光片包括层叠设置的多种介质膜， 每 种介质膜反射一个波段的光，并透射其他波段的光；在每个像素区域， 反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介质膜由反射第一偏振方向的光且 透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离膜替换。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所述像素区域 包括对应第一波段的光的第一像素区域，对应第二波段的光的第二像 素区域， 和对应第三波段的光的第三像素区域， 其中
所述介质膜包括反射第一波段的光且透射第一波段外的光的第 一介质膜， 反射第二波段的光且透射第二波段外的光的第二介质膜， 和反射第三波段的光且透射第三波段外的光的第三介质膜； 并且
所述第一介质膜在第一像素区域的部分、 第二介质膜在第二像 素区域的部分以及第三介质膜在第三像素区域的部分被所述偏振分 离膜替换。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所述第一波段 的光为红光， 所述第二波段的光为绿光， 所述第三波段的光为蓝光。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3任意一项所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所 述第一偏振方向的光与所述第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向互相垂直； 所述偏振分离膜包括上下交替且层叠设置的各向同性层和各向异性 层， 其中
所述各向同性层对第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折 射率相同；并且，所述各向异性层对第一偏振方向的光和第二偏振方 向的光的折射率不同。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 对于第一偏振 方向的光， 所述各向同性层的折射率大于所述各向异性层的折射率; 对于第二偏振方向的光，所述各向同性层的折射率等于所述各向异性 层的折射率。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所述介质膜包 括上下交替且层叠设置的第一介质层和第二介质层；所述第一介质层 的折射率大于第二介质层的折射率；每层介质膜和替换该层介质膜的 偏振分离膜各自包含的层的数量相同；所述偏振分离膜的各向同性层 为所述第二介质层。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所述第一介质 层的折射率比所述第二介质层的折射率至少大 0. 2。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的滤光片， 其特征在于， 所述介质膜的 总层数为 50~400层。
9. 一种显示装置， 包括显示面板以及设置在所述显示面板入光 侧的滤光片；其特征在于，所述滤光片为根据权利要求 1-8中任意一 项所述的滤光片。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的显示装置， 其特征在于， 所述滤光 片与显示面板之间设置有修正偏振片，所述修正偏振片的偏光轴与所 述第二偏振方向的光的偏振方向相同。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的显示装置， 其特征在于， 所述修正 偏光片包括偏振膜和上基膜，所述偏振膜的一面与上基膜贴合，另一 面与所述滤光片贴合。
12. 根据权利要求 9-1 1中任意一项所述的显示装置， 其特征在 于，所述显示装置还包括设置在所述显示面板的入光侧的反射片，所 述滤光片设置在所述反射片与显示面板之间。
13. 一种制备根据权利要求 1-8 中任意一项所述的滤光片的方 法， 其特征在于， 包括步骤：
制备所述多种介质膜并将它们层叠设置， 其中每种介质膜反射 一个波段的光且透射其他波段的光；
将层叠设置的所述多种介质膜划分成分别与多个不同波段的光 一一对应的多个像素区域； 以及
在每个像素区域， 将反射该像素区域对应波段的光的介质膜由 反射第一偏振方向的光且透射第二偏振方向的光的偏振分离膜替换。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的滤光片制备方法， 其特征在于， 进 一步包括步骤：
制作偏振分离膜中的各向异性层， 使得各向异性层对第一偏振 方向的光和第二偏振方向的光的折射率不同；
其中， 制备所述多种介质膜的步骤包括制作第一介质层和第二 介质层，并使所述第一介质层和第二介质层交替地层叠设置以形成所 述介质膜； 并且
所述替换步骤包括在每个像素区域将反射该像素区域对应波段 的光的介质膜的第一介质层替换为所述偏振分离膜的各向异性层。
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