WO2015033487A1 - Dispositif d'hydroculture - Google Patents

Dispositif d'hydroculture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015033487A1
WO2015033487A1 PCT/JP2014/001061 JP2014001061W WO2015033487A1 WO 2015033487 A1 WO2015033487 A1 WO 2015033487A1 JP 2014001061 W JP2014001061 W JP 2014001061W WO 2015033487 A1 WO2015033487 A1 WO 2015033487A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nutrient solution
support
unit
water
plant
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Application number
PCT/JP2014/001061
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
あゆみ 酒井
宏 矢野
さやか 加藤
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2015033487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015033487A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating plants without using soil.
  • hydroponic culture which cultivates a plant without using soil is performed.
  • a method to make the fertilizer nutrient solution infiltrate the support part called culture medium apply the fertilizer nutrient solution to the plant from the support part, immerse the root of the plant in the fertilizer nutrient solution, and make the nutrient solution directly to the plant.
  • a cultivation method using a support part there are a urethane cultivation method, a rock wool cultivation method, and the like.
  • a method of directly immersing the roots of plants in a nutrient solution serving as a fertilizer there are a method of cultivating soybeans, a method of cultivating thin films, and the like.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses, as an example of a technique related to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, a technique for automatically controlling drainage for raising a harvest.
  • the upper portion of the support portion becomes dry while the lower side of the support portion Parts may be wet.
  • the amount of water in the support varies widely depending on the position. Therefore, in the case of a plant in which the underground part supported by the supporting part is enlarged, the degree of enlargement of the underground part of the plant is greatly increased depending on the part due to large dispersion of the water content around the underground part of the plant of the supporting part. It will be different. As a result, there is a possibility that the underground part of the plant may be cracked between the part where the degree of hypertrophy is large and the part where the degree of hypertrophy is small.
  • this invention is proposed in view of the situation mentioned above, and provides the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can approximate distribution of the moisture content around the underground part of the plant supported by a support part to a uniform state.
  • the purpose is to
  • a hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprises a container for storing a nutrient solution, and an underground part of the plant positioned above the nutrient solution and soaking plant roots in the nutrient solution. And a support portion through which the nutrient solution penetrates. Further, the apparatus includes a plurality of moisture detection units each detecting a moisture amount at a predetermined position of the support unit, and a nutrient solution supply unit for supplying the nutrient solution to the support unit.
  • the apparatus calculates a difference in the amount of water detected by any two of the plurality of water detection units, and when the difference in the amount of water is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the nutrient solution supply unit Control unit for supplying the nutrient solution to the support unit.
  • the plurality of moisture detection units detect a first moisture detection unit that detects a moisture content at a first position of the support unit, and a moisture content at a second position that is lower than the first position. It is preferable to have a second moisture detector.
  • the said nutrient solution supply part has a discharge port which drips the said nutrient solution to the said support part.
  • the said nutrient solution supply part has a discharge port which sprays the said nutrient solution to the said support part.
  • a hydroponic cultivation apparatus is a container for storing a nutrient solution, and an underground part of the plant so that the root of the plant is immersed in the nutrient solution and positioned above the nutrient solution. And a support portion through which the nutrient solution can penetrate.
  • the apparatus includes a water detection unit that detects the amount of water at a predetermined position of the support unit, and a nutrient solution supply unit that can supply the nutrient solution to the support unit.
  • the apparatus includes a control unit that causes the nutrient solution supply unit to supply the nutrient solution to the support unit when the water content is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of the present embodiment is an apparatus for hydroponic cultivation of the plant 100 using the nutrient solution 1.
  • the plant 100 according to the present embodiment is a ginseng (Gorax or ginseng) as a root vegetable that may cause an increase in the underground part.
  • Panax ginseng is a plant in which the problem of the occurrence of cracks in the underground part caused by the variation in the amount of water mentioned above is remarkable.
  • the method of suppressing that dispersion arises in distribution of the water content around the underground part of root vegetables which made a ginseng as an example by hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of this embodiment is explained.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 includes a container 10 for storing the nutrient solution 1.
  • the support part 20 is indirectly attached to the container 10 via the plate-shaped member 26 (refer FIG. 5).
  • the support portion 20 may be inserted into, for example, the constriction of the container 10 without being intervened by the plate-like member 26, and directly attached to the container 10. Good.
  • the support 20 is positioned above the nutrient solution 1 and can support the underground part of the plant 100 so that the roots of the plant 100 are immersed in the nutrient solution, the support part 20 is indirectly attached to the container 10 It may be attached directly or directly.
  • the support part 20 can support the plant 100 so that the root of the plant 100 is immersed in the nutrient solution 10 in a state of being attached to the container 10. In addition, it is preferable that the support part 20 can support the plant 100 so that the leaf of the plant 100 performs photosynthesis.
  • the support 20 is made of, for example, a porous material such as a sponge. Therefore, in the support portion 20, when the nutrient solution 1 is supplied from the outside, the nutrient solution 1 permeates into the inside by capillary action. The nutrient solution 1 penetrates the entire support 20 if its amount is sufficient. As a result, the entire support portion 20 is in a substantially uniform wet state. In other words, the distribution of the water content is almost uniform.
  • the support portion 20 is provided with a plurality of water detection portions 32 and 34 each detecting the amount of water at a predetermined position of the support portion 20. Information on the amount of water detected by the water detection unit 32 and the water detection unit 34 is transmitted to a control unit 40A described later.
  • the detection of the amount of water may be performed by directly measuring the amount of water, but may be performed indirectly by detecting the humidity.
  • the first water detection unit 34 provided on the root side of the plant 100 in the support unit 20 and the leaf side of the plant 100 in the support unit 20 are provided.
  • the second moisture detection unit 32 is included. In other words, it is preferable that two moisture detection units be provided in the vertical direction of the support unit 20.
  • the nutrient solution 1 in the support 20 mainly evaporates from the upper surface of the support 20, so the lower portion of the support 20 becomes wet, while the upper side of the support 20 It is because a part will be in a dry state. That is, in the vertical direction of the support portion 20, it is considered that there is a high probability that the state in which the difference in the water content is largely different occurs.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of this Embodiment is provided with the nutrient solution supply part 50 which supplies the nutrient solution 1 to the support part 20.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 50 includes a tank 54 in which the nutrient solution 1 is stored, and a pump 52 for supplying the nutrient solution 1 in the tank 54 to the support unit 20.
  • the pump 52 is driven by the control unit 40.
  • the control unit 40A of the present embodiment calculates the difference in the amount of water from the amount of water at two locations detected by the two water detection units, ie, the first water detection unit 32 and the second water detection unit 34.
  • Means for In the present embodiment an example in which only two moisture detection units are provided is shown, but three or more moisture detection units may be provided. In this case, any water detection unit may be used as long as the difference between the water content can be calculated from the water content of any two places among the three or more water detection units.
  • the moisture detection portion may be provided at each of the left and right end portions of the support portion 20.
  • the moisture detection unit may be provided at each of the left, right, upper and lower ends of the support unit 20.
  • the control unit 40A includes means for determining whether the difference between the amounts of water calculated by the calculation means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
  • the control unit 40A also includes means for driving the pump 52 when it is determined that the difference in the amount of water calculated by the means for determination by the means for determination is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Accordingly, when the control unit 40A drives the pump 52, the nutrient solution 1 in the tank 54 is supplied to the support unit 20.
  • step S1 the control unit 40A acquires the water content W1 from the first water detection unit 32.
  • step S2 the control unit 40A acquires the water content W2 from the second water detection unit 34.
  • step S3 the calculation unit of the control unit 40A calculates the difference ⁇ W of the water content between the water content W1 and the water content W2.
  • step S4 the determination unit of the control unit 40A determines whether the water content difference ⁇ W is equal to or greater than a predetermined value K1. Thereafter, in step S4, if the difference ⁇ W in the amount of water is equal to or more than the predetermined value K1, it is considered that the state in which the difference in the amount of water exceeds the allowable range in the vertical direction of the support portion 20 has occurred.
  • step S1 to step S5 the processing from step S1 to step S5 is repeated.
  • the difference ⁇ W in the amount of water is smaller than the predetermined value K1 in step S4, it is considered that the state in which the difference in the amount of water differs significantly in the vertical direction of the support 20 does not occur.
  • the state where the pump 52 is stopped or the pump 52 is stopped is maintained. In this case, the processes of steps S1 to S4 and step 6 are repeated.
  • control unit 40A may execute control to drive the pump 52 when the difference between the moisture content at any two locations of the support unit 20 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
  • the supply of the nutrient solution 1 to the support unit 20 by the nutrient solution supply unit 50 is stopped based on the difference ⁇ W in the water content detected by the water content detection units 32 and 34.
  • the control unit 40A measures the drive time of the pump 52 and the pump 52 is driven for a predetermined time, the supply of the nutrient solution 1 to the support unit 20 may be stopped.
  • the driving time of the pump 52 necessary to make the wet state around the underground part of the plant 100 of the support portion 20 uniform is grasped in advance by experiments. Therefore, the control unit 40A executes control to stop the pump 52 when the required driving time has elapsed since the start of driving the pump 52.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of the present embodiment when the difference between the water content at any two locations of the support portion 20 is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the nutrient solution supply portion 50 to the support portion 20 The nutrient solution 1 is supplied.
  • the water content around the underground part of the plant 100 of the support part 20 can be brought close to a uniform state. Therefore, the growth rate of the plant 100 is improved.
  • the support portion 20 it is possible to prevent the wet state from largely changing depending on the position. As a result, when growing plants 100 in the underground part such as root vegetables, which are enlarged, the generation of cracks in the plants 100 caused by the variation in the amount of water in the support portion 20 is suppressed.
  • the plurality of water detection units include the first water detection unit 32 that detects the amount of water at the first position of the support unit 20, and the water amount at the second position below the first position. It is preferable to have the 2nd moisture detection part 34 to detect. According to this, it is possible to make the distribution of the moisture content of the support portion 20 close to a uniform state in the vertical direction in which the difference in the moisture content tends to be large.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 50 has the discharge port 60 for dropping the nutrient solution 1 onto the support unit 20. According to this, with the simple configuration of the nutrient solution supply unit 50, the distribution of the amount of water around the underground part of the plant 100 of the support unit 20 can be brought closer to a uniform state.
  • the structure of the discharge port 60 is not limited to this, and may be any structure as long as the nutrient solution 1 can be supplied to the support portion 20.
  • FIG. 3 In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and the description of those same components will not be repeated. In the following description of the present embodiment, only points different from the first embodiment will be described.
  • a nutrient solution supply unit 50B is provided instead of the nutrient solution supply unit 50A.
  • the nutrient solution supply unit 50B has outlets 62 and 64 for spraying the nutrient solution 1, instead of the outlet 60 for dropping the nutrient solution 1 of the first embodiment. According to this, it is possible to bring the distribution of the amount of water around the underground part of the plant 100 of the support part 20 closer to a uniform state with the smallest amount of nutrient solution.
  • the discharge ports 62 and 64 are provided on the inner side wall of the container 10, and supply the nutrient solution 1 to the side surface of the support portion 20.
  • the discharge ports 62 and 64 may be provided at any position, and the nutrient solution 1 may be supplied to any position of the support portion 20.
  • the nutrient solution 1 may be uniformly penetrated around the underground part of the plant 100 of the support portion 20 by utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the support portion 20.
  • FIG. 4 The structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of Embodiment 3 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.
  • the water culture apparatus 70 of the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the water culture apparatus 70 of the first embodiment. Therefore, in FIG. 4, in the first embodiment and the third embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and the description of those same components will not be repeated. In the following description of the present embodiment, only differences from the first and third embodiments will be described.
  • the moisture detection unit 36 that detects the amount of moisture at the leaf side of the plant 100 is provided in the support unit 20.
  • the moisture detection unit 36 is provided in a portion of the support unit 20 in which the amount of moisture is relatively minimized by an experiment.
  • the moisture detection unit 36 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the top or the top of the support 20.
  • the moisture detection portion 36 may be provided at the left or right end of the support portion 20 or in the vicinity thereof.
  • the water content detection part may be provided in the specific part.
  • a control unit 40B is provided instead of the control unit 40A of the first embodiment.
  • the control unit 40B determines whether or not the amount of water detected by the water detection unit 36 is equal to or less than a predetermined value in order to determine whether to supply the nutrient solution 1 to the support unit 20. Is equipped.
  • the control unit 40B acquires the value of the water content W from the water detection unit 36.
  • the control unit 40B determines whether or not the value of the water content W detected by the water detection unit 36 is equal to or less than a predetermined value K2. Thereafter, if the value of the water content W detected by the water detection unit 36 is less than or equal to the predetermined value K2 in step SS2, it is considered that the dispersion of the water content is large in the support unit 20, and in step SS3
  • the control unit 40B controls the nutrient solution supply unit 50.
  • the pump 52 is driven to supply the nutrient solution 1 in the tank 54 to the periphery of the underground part of the plant 100 of the support unit 20. That is, in the present embodiment, if the value of the water content W detected by the water detection unit 36 is equal to or less than the predetermined value K2, under the assumption that the dispersion of the water content in the support unit 20 is large. Then, the nutrient solution 1 is supplied to the support portion 20.
  • the nutrient solution 1 is supplied to the top of the support portion 20. This is because, in general, it is presumed that the amount of evaporation of the nutrient solution 1 from the upper surface of the support 20 is the largest, and the amount of water at the top of the support 20 is the smallest. Under this assumption, supplying the nutrient solution 1 to the top of the support portion 20 is considered to be the most effective for reducing the difference in the amount of water in the support portion 20. However, if the nutrient solution 1 is sufficiently supplied to the support part 20, the nutrient solution 1 permeates into the whole of the support part 20 by capillary action, so the position to which the nutrient solution 1 is supplied is It may be at any position.
  • the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 70 of the present embodiment described above it is determined whether or not the amount of water in the support portion 20 varies with only one water detection portion 36. Therefore, the periphery of the underground part of the plant 100 of the support part 20 can be efficiently brought close to a uniform wet state by the minimum number of water detection parts.
  • the support portion 20 has a structure that can be inserted into the hole 25 having a circular or elliptical shape of the plate-like member 26. It may be done. It is preferable that such a support part 20 is a material with high permeability of the nutrient solution 1 such as a sponge, and an elastic body having an elastic coefficient that is easily held by the plate-like member 26. According to such a support portion 20, desorption of the support portion 20 from the plate-like member 26 is facilitated. Moreover, the support part 20 may be one in which the material 22 having high permeability of the nutrient solution 1 and the material 24 which is easily elastically deformed are joined. According to this, the range of material selection of the support part 20 which can implement
  • the periphery of the underground part of the plant 100 supported by the support portion 20 can be brought close to a uniform wet state. Therefore, the growth rate of the plant 100 is improved. Furthermore, in a plant where the underground part of root vegetables etc. enlarges, generation
  • the present invention can be applied to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating plants without using soil.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, dans un dispositif d'hydroculture (70), de multiples unités de détection d'humidité (32, 34) sont situées dans un support (20) permettant de supporter une plante (100). Une unité de commande (40A) calcule la différence entre les niveaux d'humidité détectés par deux unités quelconques parmi les multiples unités de détection d'humidité (32, 34) et lorsque la différence entre lesdits niveaux d'humidité est supérieure ou égale à une valeur spécifiée, elle provoque l'alimentation du support (20) en une solution de nutriments (1) par une unité d'alimentation en solution de nutriments (50A). Par conséquent, il est possible de maintenir le niveau d'humidité autour de la partie souterraine de la plante, qui est supportée par le support, proche d'un niveau uniforme.
PCT/JP2014/001061 2013-09-09 2014-02-27 Dispositif d'hydroculture WO2015033487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013186265A JP2015050979A (ja) 2013-09-09 2013-09-09 水耕栽培装置
JP2013-186265 2013-09-09

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WO2015033487A1 true WO2015033487A1 (fr) 2015-03-12

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50122543U (fr) * 1974-03-29 1975-10-07
JPS59117354U (ja) * 1983-01-25 1984-08-08 株式会社堀場製作所 水耕栽培器
JPS62158437A (ja) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-14 高木産業株式会社 植物栽培システムに於ける培地の培養液管理方法
JPS63109726A (ja) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-14 高木産業株式会社 植物の栽培養液制御装置
JPH0163365U (fr) * 1987-10-20 1989-04-24
JPH0365454U (fr) * 1989-10-27 1991-06-26
JPH07502169A (ja) * 1991-12-21 1995-03-09 ペリフレール　プロダクツ　リミテッド 植物栽培装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50122543U (fr) * 1974-03-29 1975-10-07
JPS59117354U (ja) * 1983-01-25 1984-08-08 株式会社堀場製作所 水耕栽培器
JPS62158437A (ja) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-14 高木産業株式会社 植物栽培システムに於ける培地の培養液管理方法
JPS63109726A (ja) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-14 高木産業株式会社 植物の栽培養液制御装置
JPH0163365U (fr) * 1987-10-20 1989-04-24
JPH0365454U (fr) * 1989-10-27 1991-06-26
JPH07502169A (ja) * 1991-12-21 1995-03-09 ペリフレール　プロダクツ　リミテッド 植物栽培装置

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