WO2015030005A1 - 消失模型用塗型剤組成物 - Google Patents
消失模型用塗型剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015030005A1 WO2015030005A1 PCT/JP2014/072321 JP2014072321W WO2015030005A1 WO 2015030005 A1 WO2015030005 A1 WO 2015030005A1 JP 2014072321 W JP2014072321 W JP 2014072321W WO 2015030005 A1 WO2015030005 A1 WO 2015030005A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating agent composition for disappearance model to be attached around the disappearance model.
- the vanishing model casting method is a casting method in which a synthetic resin foam model of the same shape as the product is replaced with molten metal (hereinafter also referred to as “molten metal”). No core or complicated work such as mold matching is required.
- molten metal molten metal
- This casting method has been attracting attention in recent years because it has many advantages such as easy delivery and quick delivery.
- the synthetic resin foam is thermally decomposed by the cast molten metal, so that there is a defect that a residue defect occurs in the casting due to a large amount of generated pyrolysis gas and residue.
- polystyrene is used as the synthetic resin foam, the casting surface is deteriorated by the carbonized component.
- the disappearance model coating agent has “residue defects” caused by thermal decomposition of the synthetic resin foam model, and “baking defects” in which the molten metal breaks the coating film and leaks into the sand mold. Used to prevent.
- Residue defect is a phenomenon in which, when the synthetic resin foam model is replaced with molten metal, when pyrolysis gas is insufficiently discharged, it becomes a pyrolysis residue and is caught in the upper part of the product.
- it is required to efficiently discharge the pyrolysis gas of the synthetic resin foam model to the mold side.
- about “baking defects” it is required to keep the film as a strong film until the solidification of the molten metal is completed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-180244 discloses a nitrocellulose that is insoluble in water and soluble in a hydrophilic organic solvent.
- the vanishing model coating composition is a water-hydrophilic organic solvent system that selects a substance that can be finely dispersed in white turbidity and finely disperses nitrocellulose in the coating liquid to reduce residual defects. is there.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-1104 describes a coating agent composition that contains organic particles to reduce residual defects.
- the vanishing model coating composition of the present invention contains a refractory aggregate and cellulose, and the content of the cellulose is 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- the conventional disappearance model coating composition is not sufficient to prevent residual defects, and further improvement has been demanded. Further, the disappearance model coating composition disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-180244 has a problem in safety because nitrocellulose is used.
- the present invention provides a coating agent composition for disappearance model that is highly safe and can further suppress residue defects.
- the vanishing model coating composition of the present invention contains a refractory aggregate and cellulose, and the content of the cellulose is 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- the vanishing model coating composition of the present embodiment (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “coating composition”) contains refractory aggregate and cellulose, and the content of cellulose is the refractory aggregate 100. 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to parts by mass. According to the vanishing model coating agent composition of the present embodiment, there is an effect that safety is high and residue defects can be further suppressed. The reason for such an effect is not clear, but is considered as follows.
- the coating composition In order to prevent residue defects, it is important to efficiently discharge the pyrolysis gas of the synthetic resin foam model from the coating film until the casting is completed.
- the refractory aggregate of the coating composition contains cellulose, the cellulose is dispersed in the coating film. Since the cellulose burns and disappears due to heat during casting, the portion where the cellulose is present becomes a void. This void becomes a gas hole, and the pyrolysis gas of the synthetic resin foam can be efficiently discharged, so that it is considered that residual defects can be reduced.
- the mold agent composition according to the present embodiment contains a refractory aggregate.
- a refractory aggregate that has been conventionally used according to the purpose of casting can be used.
- refractory aggregates include mica, obsidian, pearlite, pinestone, orthofeldspar, feldspar, leucite, aragonite, silica, alumina, mullite, shaft banquet, diaspore, spinel, magnesia, olivine, talc , Calcined zircon, kaolin, silimanite, andalusite, kyanite, gibbsite, black sandstone, decaitite, anorthite, graphite bauxite, and the like.
- the said fireproof aggregate can be used by said 1 type, or 2 or more types.
- the average particle size of the refractory aggregate is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of preventing residual defects.
- the average particle size of the refractory aggregate is preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of preventing seizure defects.
- the average particle size of the refractory aggregate is preferably 20 to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 to 200 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 50 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the said refractory aggregate is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the content of the refractory aggregate of the coating composition of the present embodiment is preferably 30% by mass or more, and more preferably 40% by mass or more from the viewpoint of prevention of coating film defects such as dryness and cracks.
- the content of the fireproof aggregate in the coating composition of the present embodiment is preferably 80% by mass or less, and more preferably 70% by mass or less from the viewpoint of coating workability. Further, the content of the refractory aggregate in the coating composition of the present embodiment is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 70% by mass.
- Cellulose according to this embodiment is a carbohydrate (polysaccharide) represented by a molecular formula (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n, and is a main component of plant cell walls and fibers.
- the gas holes are burnt out at 250 to 400 ° C., which is the temperature of the gas layer at the time of casting, and exist until the casting is completed. It is necessary. Therefore, cellulose that decomposes at 250 to 400 ° C. and has a low residual carbon ratio and low ash content after decomposition is preferable.
- the cellulose used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but is preferably manufactured from hardwood, conifer, bamboo from the viewpoint of handling, and may be regenerated from used paper such as newspaper or copy paper.
- the content of cellulose in the coating composition according to the present embodiment is at least 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate, from the viewpoint of reducing residual defects, that is, from the viewpoint of securing voids to be gas holes. Preferably, 3 parts by mass or more is more preferable, and 4 parts by mass or more is more preferable. Moreover, the content of cellulose in the coating composition according to this embodiment is preferably 10 parts by mass or less from the viewpoint of seizure defects (coating strength during heating) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate. The amount is more preferably at most 6 parts by mass, even more preferably at most 6 parts by mass.
- the cellulose content of the coating composition according to this embodiment is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 7 parts by weight, and more preferably 4 to 6 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the refractory aggregate. Is more preferable.
- the shape of the cellulose is not particularly limited, but for example, a fibrous or particulate shape is used.
- the ratio of fiber length to fiber diameter is preferably 1.5 or more, more preferably 5 or more, from the viewpoint of reducing residual defects. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing the seizure defects, the fiber length / fiber diameter is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, and still more preferably 20 or less. The fiber length / fiber diameter is preferably 1.5 to 50, more preferably 5 to 40, and still more preferably 5 to 20.
- the fiber length is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and more preferably 80 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of reducing residual defects. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing the seizure defects, the fiber length is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 600 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 300 ⁇ m or less. The fiber length is preferably 50 to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 to 600 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 80 to 300 ⁇ m. In addition, in this specification, fiber length is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the fiber diameter is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint of reducing residual defects. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing a seizure defect, the fiber length is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less. The fiber length is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 80 ⁇ m. In addition, in this specification, a fiber diameter is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the average particle size of the cellulose is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of reducing residual defects.
- the average particle size of the cellulose is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of reducing seizure defects.
- the average particle size of the cellulose is preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 to 200 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 100 to 200 ⁇ m.
- an average particle diameter is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the sphericity of the cellulose is preferably 0.90 or more, and more preferably 0.95 or more, from the viewpoint of applicability to a synthetic resin foam model. Further, the sphericity of the cellulose is preferably 1.00 or less from the viewpoint of applicability to a synthetic resin foam model. The sphericity of the cellulose is preferably 0.90 to 1.00, more preferably 0.95 to 1.00. In addition, in this specification, sphericity is measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the voids after burning and disappearing the cellulose by heat at the time of casting are used as gas holes. Therefore, when a dispersion medium that dissolves cellulose is used, voids that form the gas holes are formed. It is hard to be done. Therefore, the dispersion medium preferably does not dissolve the cellulose.
- the dispersion medium for example, alcohols or water can be used.
- an alcoholic coating composition lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol are preferred, and ethanol is more preferred from the viewpoint of drying properties.
- an aromatic solvent or a hydrocarbon solvent may be used as an auxiliary dispersion medium.
- the amount of the dispersion medium in the alcohol-based coating agent composition can be appropriately changed depending on the type of the dispersion medium used.
- the amount of the dispersion medium in the alcohol-based coating agent composition is preferably 120 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate, from the viewpoint of preventing coating defects such as drying properties and cracks. 110 parts by mass or less is more preferable.
- the amount of the dispersion medium in the alcoholic coating composition is 20 to 120 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of application workability and forming a sound coating film if it is a lower alcohol. Part is preferable, and 70 to 110 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the amount of water in the aqueous coating composition is preferably 20 parts by mass or more, and 70 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of application workability. More preferred.
- the amount of water in the aqueous coating composition is preferably 150 parts by mass or less and more preferably 130 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of drying. preferable.
- the amount of water in the aqueous coating composition is preferably 20 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of coating workability and drying property. 70 to 130 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the coating composition of the present embodiment may contain a binder as commonly used.
- the binder include water-soluble polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and gum arabic and various resin emulsions in aqueous systems.
- water-soluble polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and gum arabic
- various resin emulsions in aqueous systems in the case of an alcohol type, it is preferable from the viewpoint of coating film strength to add various resins that are soluble or dispersed in alcohol.
- the content of the binder is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and preferably 30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of coating film strength and economy.
- the content of the binder is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of coating film strength and economy.
- the coating agent composition of the present embodiment may contain a sintering agent as commonly used.
- the sintering agent include bentonites such as sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite, clays such as kibushi clay, and ethyl silicate.
- bentonite is preferable because it plays a role as a sintering agent in a high temperature region in addition to a role as a binder.
- the addition amount of the sintering agent is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and more preferably 1.0 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of coating strength at high temperatures.
- the addition amount of the sintering agent is preferably 30 parts by mass or less and more preferably 15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of coating strength at high temperatures. Further, the addition amount of the sintering agent is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 1.0 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate from the viewpoint of the coating strength at a high temperature.
- ⁇ Other ingredients examples include surfactants, dispersants, thixotropic agents, and the like.
- the coating composition of the present embodiment can be suitably used as a coating composition that is attached around the disappearance model.
- the method for producing a casting disappearance model of the present embodiment is a method for producing a casting disappearance model having a coating film around the disappearance model, and the disappearance model coating composition is disposed around the disappearance model. A step of forming a coating film by adhering.
- the same synthetic resin foam model as usual can be used.
- the synthetic resin foam a foam such as polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, or a copolymer thereof is used.
- the disappearance model to which the coating agent composition of this embodiment is attached is foamed polystyrene, the effect of the coating agent composition of this embodiment is further obtained.
- the method of forming the coating film by attaching the coating agent composition to the disappearing model is any of the conventionally known methods such as flow coating (bukkake method), dipping (dipping method), brush coating, spray coating, etc. But it ’s okay.
- the casting disappearance model obtained by the casting disappearance model manufacturing method of the present embodiment can be suitably used in a mold manufacturing method by the disappearance model casting method.
- the casting production method of the present embodiment is a casting production method using the casting disappearance model obtained by the casting disappearance model manufacturing method, wherein the casting disappearance model is embedded in foundry sand, And a step of casting molten metal into the casting disappearance model embedded in the foundry sand.
- new sand such as zircon sand, chromite sand, synthetic ceramic sand, or recycled sand is used in addition to quartz sand mainly composed of quartz.
- Casting sand can be used without adding a binder. In that case, the filling property is good, but when a high-strength mold is required, a conventionally known binder is added and cured with a curing agent. It is preferable to do so.
- the casting production method of the present embodiment is a casting production method using a casting disappearance model obtained by the casting disappearance model manufacturing method, wherein the binder is added to the foundry sand. And a step of adding a curing agent for curing the binder and kneading to prepare a mixture, a step of embedding the casting disappearance model in the mixture, and casting a molten metal into the casting disappearance model embedded in the mixture. Including a process.
- a binder that is usually used can be used.
- the binder for example, water-soluble polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and various resin emulsions can be used in the aqueous system.
- water-soluble polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, gum arabic, and various resin emulsions can be used in the aqueous system.
- alcohols it is preferable from the viewpoint of mold strength to add various resins that are soluble or dispersed in alcohol.
- the content of the binder is preferably 0.4 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of foundry sand, from the viewpoint of mold strength and economy.
- the content of the binder is preferably 0.4 to 1.2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 0.8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of foundry sand from the viewpoint of mold strength and economy. .
- the casting temperature varies depending on the metal used, but is generally 1330 to 1410 ° C. in the case of cast iron, and generally 700 to 750 ° C. in the case of aluminum. In general, the temperature is 1450 to 1500 ° C.
- the disappearance model casting method of the present embodiment can further reduce residual defects generated in the cast iron system.
- castings When castings are produced using the vanishing model coating composition, castings with few residual defects and seizure defects and a beautiful casting surface are obtained, so a complex structure and a beautiful casting surface are required. It is suitable for what is used. Specific examples of castings include members, parts, and the like used for automobile dies, machine tools, hydraulic valves for construction machines, motors, engine frames, building members, and the like.
- the present invention further discloses the following composition, production method, or use.
- a vanishing model coating composition comprising a refractory aggregate and cellulose, wherein the cellulose content is 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- the average particle size of the refractory aggregate is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, and 20 to 400 ⁇ m.
- the disappearing model coating composition according to ⁇ 1> preferably 40 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the content of the refractory aggregate is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, and preferably 30 to 80% by mass, The disappearing model coating composition according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, more preferably 40 to 70% by mass.
- the content of the cellulose is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 3 parts by mass or more, still more preferably 4 parts by mass or more, and preferably 10 parts by mass or less, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- the ratio of fiber length to fiber diameter (fiber length / fiber diameter) of the cellulose is preferably 1.5 or more, more preferably 5 or more, preferably 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, and further 20 or less.
- the disappearing model coating composition according to ⁇ 5> Preferably, 1.5 to 50, more preferably 5 to 40, and still more preferably 5 to 20, the disappearing model coating composition according to ⁇ 5>.
- the cellulose fiber length is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 600 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, preferably 50 to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 to 600 ⁇ m.
- the cellulose fiber diameter is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 80 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ 5> to ⁇ 7 > The disappearance model coating composition according to any one of the above.
- ⁇ 9> The vanishing model coating composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the cellulose is in the form of particles.
- the average particle size of the cellulose is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more, preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 80 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the sphericity of the cellulose is preferably 0.90 or more, more preferably 0.95 or more, preferably 1.00 or less, preferably 0.90 to 1.00, and 0.95 to 1.00.
- the vanishing model coating composition according to ⁇ 9> or ⁇ 10> which is more preferable.
- ⁇ 12> The vanishing model coating composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, further comprising a dispersant, wherein the dispersant does not dissolve the cellulose.
- the dispersion medium is preferably a lower alcohol, and more preferably methanol.
- the content of the dispersion medium is preferably 20 parts by mass or more, more preferably 70 parts by mass or more, preferably 120 parts by mass or less, more preferably 110 parts by mass or less, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- the disappearing model coating composition according to the above ⁇ 13> preferably 20 to 120 parts by mass, and more preferably 70 to 110 parts by mass.
- the dispersion medium is preferably 20 parts by mass or more, more preferably 70 parts by mass or more, preferably 150 parts by mass or less, more preferably 130 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- ⁇ 17> it contains a binder, and the content of the binder is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, preferably 30 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate, 0.5 to The disappearing model coating composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 16>, wherein 30 parts by mass is preferable.
- a sintering agent is contained, and the addition amount of the sintering agent is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1.0 part by mass or more, relative to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate, 30 masses.
- the coating for disappearance model according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 17> preferably 15 parts by weight or less, more preferably 15 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, and even more preferably 1.0 to 15 parts by weight.
- Mold composition ⁇ 19>
- the content of inorganic fiber, inorganic pigment, and metal powder is preferably less than 5.0 parts by mass and more preferably less than 3.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate.
- ⁇ 21> A method for producing a casting disappearance model having a coating film around the disappearance model, wherein the disappearance model coating composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 20> is applied to the disappearance model.
- a method for producing a disappearance model for castings comprising a step of forming a coating film by adhering to the periphery.
- ⁇ 23> A casting manufacturing method using the casting disappearance model obtained by the casting disappearance model manufacturing method according to ⁇ 21> or ⁇ 22>, wherein the casting disappearance model is embedded in foundry sand.
- the manufacturing method of a casting which has a process and the process of casting a molten metal in the said disappearance model for castings embed
- ⁇ Preparation of coating agent composition > ⁇ Example 1> Refractory aggregate (silica (60% by mass, average particle size 80 ⁇ m), obsidian (20% by mass, average particle size 93 ⁇ m), graphite (20% by mass, average particle size 79 ⁇ m)) and 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate
- Refractory aggregate sica (60% by mass, average particle size 80 ⁇ m), obsidian (20% by mass, average particle size 93 ⁇ m), graphite (20% by mass, average particle size 79 ⁇ m)
- 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate
- 6.0 parts by mass of additives shown in Table 1 3.0 parts by mass of nonionic surfactant (manufactured by Kao, Emulgen 106), 2.0 parts by mass of bentonite, 2.0 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, and ions 40 parts by mass of exchanged water was mixed to prepare a coating agent composition.
- Examples 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3> It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the additives and amounts thereof shown in Table 1 were used. The unit of the addition amount described in Table 1 is mass%. However, the cellulose used in Example 7 was used by treating KC floc W-50GK with a sieve of 20 mesh (aperture 0.85 mm) and collecting what does not pass through the sieve mesh.
- ⁇ Evaluation method> ⁇ Fiber diameter> It is a value obtained by measuring and averaging fiber diameters of arbitrary 50 particles obtained by image analysis of an image (photograph) obtained by a scanning electron microscope.
- ⁇ Fiber length> This is a value obtained by measuring and averaging fiber lengths of arbitrary 50 particles obtained by image analysis of an image (photograph) obtained by a scanning electron microscope.
- the average particle size is an average particle size of 50% cumulative volume measured using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer (LA-920 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). The analysis conditions are as follows. ⁇ Measurement method: Flow method ⁇ Dispersion medium: Ion exchange water ⁇ Dispersion method: Stirring, built-in ultrasonic wave 3 minutes ⁇ Sample concentration: 2 mg / 100 cc
- the sphericity is the same as the area of the projected particle section (mm 2 ) from the area of the projected section and the perimeter obtained by image analysis of the image (photograph) obtained by the scanning electron microscope of each refractory aggregate particle. This is a value obtained by calculating the circumference length (mm) of the perfect circle of the area / [circumference length of the particle projection cross section (mm)] and averaging this for any 50 refractory aggregate particles.
- the disappearance model 1 having the shape shown in FIG. 1 was prepared using expanded polystyrene (expanding ratio 50 times).
- the said coating agent composition was made to adhere to the circumference
- 0.2 part by mass of an organic sulfonic acid curing agent manufactured by Kao Quaker, C-14
- Fremantle quartz sand No. 5
- the air permeability at room temperature is the “5. Air permeability test method” of “The test method of the coating agent for disappearance model casting (March, 1996)” issued by the Japan Foundry Engineering Society Kansai Branch.
- the air permeability was measured according to the above. About 300 degreeC air permeability, after the test piece was completed, it heated for 30 minutes and cooled to room temperature in the oven which can be hold
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Abstract
Description
<耐火骨材>
本実施形態に係る塗型剤組成物は、耐火骨材を含有する。当該耐火骨材は、従来から鋳造の目的に応じて利用されている耐火骨材を用いることができる。耐火骨材の例としては、雲母、黒曜石、真珠岩、松脂岩、正長石、曹長石、白瑠石、霞石、シリカ、アルミナ、ムライト、シャフトバンケツ、ダイアスポア、スピネル、マグネシア、オリビン、タルク、ジルコン、カオリン、シリマナイト、アンダルサイト、カイヤナイト、ギブサイト、黒砂石、デッカイト、灰長石、黒鉛ボーキサイトを焼成したもの等が挙げられる。当該耐火性骨材は、上記の1種又は2種以上で用いることができる。
本実施形態に係るセルロースは、分子式(C6H10O5)nで表される炭水化物(多糖類)であり、植物細胞の細胞壁および繊維の主成分である。
本実施形態の消失模型鋳造法では、前記セルロースを鋳造時の熱によって燃焼消失させた後の空隙をガス孔とするため、セルロースを溶解させる分散媒を用いると、当該ガス孔となる空隙が形成されにくい。そのため、当該分散媒は、前記セルロースを溶解しないものが好ましい。
本実施形態の塗型剤組成物には、通常使用されるような粘結剤を含有しても良い。当該粘結剤としては、例えば、水系ではポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、澱粉、メチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アラビアガム等の水溶性高分子や各種の樹脂エマルションが使用できる。また、アルコール系ではアルコールに可溶又は分散する各種樹脂を添加するのが、塗型膜強度の点から好ましい。粘結剤の含有量は、塗膜強度と経済性の観点から、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5質量部以上が好ましく、30質量部以下が好ましい。また、粘結剤の含有量は、塗膜強度と経済性の観点から、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5~30質量部が好ましい。
本実施形態の塗型剤組成物には、通常使用されるような焼結剤を含有しても良い。当該焼結剤としては、例えば、ナトリウムベントナイト、カルシウムベントナイト等のベントナイト、木節粘土等の粘土類、エチルシリケート等が挙げられる。中でも、ベントナイトは、粘結剤としての役割の他、高温域においては焼結剤としての役割も果たすため好ましい。焼結剤の添加量は、高温時の塗膜強度の観点から、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5質量部以上が好ましく、1.0質量部以上がより好ましい。また、焼結剤の添加量は、高温時の塗膜強度の観点から、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、30質量部以下が好ましく、15質量部以下がより好ましい。また、焼結剤の添加量は、高温時の塗膜強度の観点から、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5~30質量部が好ましく、1.0~15質量部がより好ましい。
本実施形態の塗型剤組成物に配合できるその他の成分として、界面活性剤、分散剤、チキソトロピー性付与剤等が挙げられる。
本実施形態の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法では、従来の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法を適用することができる。本実施形態の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法は、消失模型の周囲に塗型膜を有する鋳物用消失模型の製造方法であって、前記消失模型用塗型剤組成物を前記消失模型の周囲に付着させて塗型膜を形成させる工程を有する。
本実施形態の消失模型鋳造法による鋳物の製造方法では、従来の消失模型鋳造法による鋳物の製造方法を適用することができる。本実施形態の鋳物の製造方法は、前記鋳物用消失模型の製造方法によって得られた鋳物用消失模型を用いる鋳物の製造方法であって、前記鋳物用消失模型を鋳物砂に埋設する工程と、前記鋳物砂に埋設した前記鋳物用消失模型に溶融金属を鋳込む工程とを有する。
<3>前記耐火骨材の含有量が、30質量%以上が好ましく、40質量%以上がより好ましく、80質量%以下が好ましく、70質量%以下がより好ましく、30~80質量%が好ましく、40~70質量%がより好ましい前記<1>又は<2>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<4>前記セルロースの含有量が、前記耐火骨材100質量部に対し、1質量部以上が好ましく、3質量部以上がより好ましく、4質量部以上が更に好ましく、10質量部以下が好ましく、7質量部以下がより好ましく、6質量部以下が更に好ましく、1~10質量部が好ましく、3~7質量部がより好ましく、4~6質量部が更に好ましい前記<1>~<3>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<5>前記セルロースが、繊維状である前記<1>~<4>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<6>前記セルロースの繊維長と繊維径の比(繊維長/繊維径)が、1.5以上が好ましく、5以上がより好ましく、50以下が好ましく、40以下がより好ましく、20以下が更に好ましく、1.5~50が好ましく、5~40がより好ましく、5~20が更に好ましい前記<5>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<7>前記セルロースの繊維長が、50μm以上が好ましく、80μm以上がより好ましく、1000μm以下が好ましく、600μm以下がより好ましく、300μm以下が更に好ましく、50~1000μmが好ましく、80~600μmがより好ましく、80~300μmが更に好ましい前記<5>又は<6>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<8>前記セルロース繊維径が、10μm以上が好ましく、20μm以上がより好ましく、200μm以下が好ましく、80μm以下がより好ましく、10~200μmが好ましく、20~80μmがより好ましい前記<5>~<7>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<9>前記セルロースが、粒子状である前記<1>~<4>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<10>前記セルロースの平均粒子径が、50μm以上が好ましく、80μm以上がより好ましく、100μm以上が更に好ましく、500μm以下が好ましく、200μm以下がより好ましく、50~500μmが好ましく、80~200μmがより好ましく、100~200μmが更に好ましい前記<9>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<11>前記セルロースの球形度が、0.90以上が好ましく、0.95以上がより好ましく、1.00以下が好ましく、0.90~1.00が好ましく、0.95~1.00がより好ましい前記<9>又は<10>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<12>さらに、分散剤を含有し、前記分散剤は前記セルロースを溶解させない前記<1>~<11>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<13>前記分散媒が、低級アルコールが好ましく、メタノールがより好ましい前記<12>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<14>前記分散媒の含有量が、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、20質量部以上が好ましく、70質量部以上がより好ましく、120質量部以下が好ましく、110質量部以下がより好ましく、20~120質量部が好ましく、70~110質量部がより好ましい前記<13>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<15>前記分散媒が、水が好ましい前記<12>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<16>前記分散媒が、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、20質量部以上が好ましく、70質量部以上がより好ましく、150質量部以下が好ましく、130質量部以下がより好ましく、20~150質量部が好ましく、70~130質量部がより好ましい前記<15>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<17>さらに、粘結剤を含有し、当該粘結剤の含有量が、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5質量部以上が好ましく、30質量部以下が好ましく、0.5~30質量部が好ましい前記<1>~<16>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<18>さらに、焼結剤を含有し、焼結剤の添加量が、耐火骨材100質量部に対し、0.5質量部以上が好ましく、1.0質量部以上がより好ましく、30質量部以下が好ましく、15質量部以下がより好ましく、0.5~30質量部が好ましく、1.0~15質量部がより好ましい前記<1>~<17>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<19>前記焼結剤が、ベントナイトが好ましい前記<18>に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<20>無機繊維、無機顔料、及び金属粉の含有量が、耐火性骨材100質量部に対して5.0質量部未満が好ましく、3.0質量部未満がより好ましい<1>~<19>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
<21>消失模型の周囲に塗型膜を有する鋳物用消失模型の製造方法であって、前記<1>~<20>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物を前記消失模型の周囲に付着させて塗型膜を形成させる工程を有する、鋳物用消失模型の製造方法。
<22>前記消失模型が、発泡ポリスチレンが好ましい前記<21>に記載の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法。
<23>前記<21>又<22>に記載の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法によって得られた鋳物用消失模型を用いる鋳物の製造方法であって、前記鋳物用消失模型を鋳物砂に埋設する工程と、前記鋳物砂に埋設した前記鋳物用消失模型に溶融金属を鋳込む工程とを有する、鋳物の製造方法。
<24>前記<21>又<22>に記載の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法によって得られた鋳物用消失模型を用いる鋳物の製造方法であって、鋳物砂に、バインダー及び当該バインダーを硬化させる硬化剤を加え、混練して混合物を調製する工程と、前記鋳物用消失模型を前記混合物に埋設する工程と、前記混合物に埋設した前記鋳物用消失模型に溶融金属を鋳込む工程とを有する、鋳物の製造方法。
<25>前記<1>~<20>いずれかに記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物の消失模型用の塗型剤としての使用。
<26>前記<25>の使用によって得られた鋳物用消失模型の鋳型の製造への使用。
<実施例1>
耐火骨材(シリカ(60質量%、平均粒子径80μm)、黒曜石(20質量%、平均粒子径93μm)、黒鉛(20質量%、平均粒子径79μm))と、当該耐火性骨材100質量部に対し、表1に示す添加物6.0質量部、ノニオン性界面活性剤(花王製、エマルゲン106)3.0質量部、ベントナイト2.0質量部、ポリビニルアルコール2.0質量部、並びにイオン交換水40質量部を混合し、塗型剤組成物を調製した。
表1に示した添加物及びその量を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で調製した。表1に記載の添加量の単位は質量%である。ただし、実施例7で用いたセルロースは、KCフロックW-50GKを20メッシュ(目開き0.85mm)の篩いで処理し、篩いのメッシュに通過しないものを採取して用いた。
<繊維径>
走査型電子顕微鏡により得られた像(写真)を画像解析して得られる任意50個の粒子の繊維径を計測し平均した値である。
走査型電子顕微鏡により得られた像(写真)を画像解析して得られる任意50個の粒子の繊維長を計測し平均した値である。
平均粒子径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(堀場製作所製LA-920)を用いて測定された体積累積50%の平均粒子径である。分析条件は下記の通りである。
・測定方法:フロー法
・分散媒:イオン交換水
・分散方法:攪拌、内蔵超音波3分
・試料濃度:2mg/100cc
球形度は、耐火骨材粒子個々の走査型電子顕微鏡により得られた像(写真)を画像解析して得られる投影断面の面積および周囲長から、[粒子投影断面の面積(mm2)と同じ面積の真円の円周長(mm)]/[粒子投影断面の円周長(mm)]を求め、これを任意の50個の耐火骨材粒子について平均した値である。
黒曜石の比重を2.3、シリカの比重を2.7、黒鉛の比重を2.2、セルロース他添加剤の比重を1.0として計算して求めた。
発泡ポリスチレン(発泡倍率50倍)を用いて図1に示す形状の消失模型1を作製した。この消失模型の周囲に前記塗型剤組成物を付着させ(乾燥膜厚:1.4mm)、鋳物用消失模型を作製した。そして、フリーマントル珪砂(5号)100質量部に有機スルホン酸硬化剤(花王クエーカー製、C-14)を0.2質量部添加し、これらを混練した後に、フラン樹脂(花王クエーカー製、EF-5302)を前記珪砂100質量部に対して0.5質量部混合した。得られた混練砂に前記の鋳物用消失模型を埋設し、溶融金属が溢れない速度で堰から鋳込みを行い(鋳鉄:FC-250、鋳込み温度:1400℃)、24時間経過後、鋳型をばらして鋳物を取り出した。得られた鋳物について、TP側面の400×100の2つの側面に発生した残渣面積(%)を画像解析により計測した。
常温通気度は、表1に示す塗型剤について、日本鋳造工学会関西支部が発行する「消失模型鋳造用塗型剤の試験方法(平成8年3月)」の「5.通気度試験方法」に準じて、通気度の測定を行なった。300℃通気度については、試験片が完成した後に、300℃±10℃に保持できるオーブンにて、30分加熱させ室温まで冷却させ通気度を測定した。なお、加熱工程以外は常温通気度と同じ要綱で測定した。
表1に示す塗型剤について、イオン交換水を添加し、固形分65%になるように調整した。その後、レオメーターにて、(条件:パラレルコーン、20℃、クリアランス1mm)せん断速度10s-1の条件下で60秒履歴後の粘度(mPa・s)を測定した。
表1に示す塗型剤について、日本鋳造工学会関西支部が発行する「消失模型鋳造用塗型剤の試験方法(平成8年3月)」の「6.抗折力測定法」に準じて、塗膜強度の測定を行なった。なお、1000℃の加熱処理については、非酸化性雰囲気にするため、Φ50のルツボ中に平均粒子径60μmの鱗状黒鉛を充填し、その内部に試験片を埋設した。その後、1000℃±30℃に保持できるマッフル炉にて、1時間分加熱させて室温まで冷却し測定した。なお、加熱工程以外は「6.抗折力測定法」に準じて測定した。
各実施例及び比較例の結果を表2に示す。
Claims (14)
- 耐火骨材、及びセルロースを含有し、前記セルロースの含有量が、前記耐火骨材100質量部に対して1~10質量部である、消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースの含有量が、前記耐火骨材100質量部に対して3~7質量部である、請求項1に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- さらに、焼結剤を含有し、当該焼結剤の含有量が、耐火骨材100質量部に対して0.5~30質量部である、請求項1又は2に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- さらに、分散剤を含有し、前記分散剤は前記セルロースを溶解させない、請求項1~3いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースが、繊維状である請求項1~4いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースの繊維長と繊維径の比(繊維長/繊維径)が、1.5以上50以下である請求項5に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースの繊維長が、50~1000μmである、請求項5又は6に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースが、粒子状である、請求項1~4いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 前記セルロースの平均粒子径が、50~500μmである、請求項8に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 無機繊維、無機顔料、及び金属粉の含有量が、耐火性骨材100質量部に対して5.0質量部未満である請求項1~9いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物。
- 消失模型の周囲に塗型膜を有する鋳物用消失模型の製造方法であって、
請求項1~10いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物を前記消失模型の周囲に付着させて塗型膜を形成させる工程を有する、鋳物用消失模型の製造方法。 - 請求項11に記載の鋳物用消失模型の製造方法によって得られた鋳物用消失模型を用いる鋳物の製造方法であって、
前記鋳物用消失模型を鋳物砂に埋設する工程と、
前記鋳物砂に埋設した前記鋳物用消失模型に溶融金属を鋳込む工程とを有する、鋳物の製造方法。 - 請求項1~10いずれか1項に記載の消失模型用塗型剤組成物の消失模型用の塗型剤としての使用。
- 請求項13の使用によって得られた鋳物用消失模型の鋳型の製造への使用。
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| JP2010274314A (ja) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-09 | Kao Corp | 消失模型用塗型剤組成物 |
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| JP2647856B2 (ja) * | 1987-09-07 | 1997-08-27 | 花王株式会社 | 鋳造用塗型剤組成物 |
| JPH03180244A (ja) * | 1989-12-06 | 1991-08-06 | Okayama Pref Gov | 消失発泡ポリスチレン模型用の塗型剤 |
| CN1663707A (zh) * | 2005-01-28 | 2005-09-07 | 曹博海 | 改良的消失模用水基涂料 |
| JP2009214126A (ja) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-09-24 | Kao Corp | 塗型剤組成物 |
| JP5680490B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-25 | 2015-03-04 | 花王株式会社 | 鋳物製造用構造体 |
| US9227241B2 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2016-01-05 | Nalco Company | Investment casting shells having an organic component |
| CN102407275B (zh) * | 2011-04-25 | 2013-04-10 | 湖北工业大学 | 一种铸钢用消失模铸造型壳涂料及其制备方法 |
| CN102688984A (zh) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-09-26 | 大连金河铸造有限公司 | 一种利用消失模的铸造工艺 |
| CN102921880A (zh) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-02-13 | 徐州鹏举金鱼草工艺品有限公司 | 铸铁件消失铸造模用水基涂料 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004519334A (ja) * | 2001-04-04 | 2004-07-02 | ディッカーホッフ・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 非鉄金属鋳造法のための包埋材料−または成形材料乾燥混合物、それから製造される包埋材料−または成形材料並びにその用途 |
| JP2010274314A (ja) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-09 | Kao Corp | 消失模型用塗型剤組成物 |
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| JP6037977B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
| JP2015042412A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
| CN105517727A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
| KR101866670B1 (ko) | 2018-06-11 |
| KR20160031547A (ko) | 2016-03-22 |
| CN105517727B (zh) | 2019-03-29 |
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