WO2015024088A1 - Processo para produção de polipropileno modificado, polipropileno modificado e seu uso, e blenda polimérica - Google Patents
Processo para produção de polipropileno modificado, polipropileno modificado e seu uso, e blenda polimérica Download PDFInfo
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/10—Chemical modification of a polymer including a reactive processing step which leads, inter alia, to morphological and/or rheological modifications, e.g. visbreaking
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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- C08L2310/00—Masterbatches
Definitions
- the present invention relates to polypropylene (PP) modifications for use in polypropylene foams, thermoforming processes, flat films, blown films, blowing, spinning, raffia, coating, BOPP, ISBM, injection, extrusion, injection and other applications.
- PP polypropylene
- Polypropylene (PP) is a widely exploited resin due to its wide range of properties and versatility.
- One of its intrinsic characteristics is the linearity of its chains.
- Linear polypropylenes are extremely low performance products when subjected to elongational regimes and therefore a large number of documents describe branching PPs providing adequate rheological behavior under elongational deformation regime, further expanding their range of applications.
- foaming process Among the types of processing known to require the product most in terms of elongational rheological properties is the foaming process, and these properties are also important in other processes such as thermoforming, blowing, ISB [Injection Strech Blow Molding], extrusion of tubular films. , flat film extrusion, BOPP (bi-oriented polypropylene), fibers, coating, among others that require the resin lower levels of branching.
- ISB injection Strech Blow Molding
- PP is a product of difficult modification through reactive extrusion or polymerization process, due to its strong tendency to beta fission, where the chain is broken and the recombination of radicals occurs in molecules of smaller molar mass in presence of free radicals or lack of catalytic system supporting multifunctional system.
- beta fission where the chain is broken and the recombination of radicals occurs in molecules of smaller molar mass in presence of free radicals or lack of catalytic system supporting multifunctional system.
- branching to occur in PP it is necessary for the process to take place at low temperatures below its melting, which is a drawback for most processes.
- Branch type control is essential as general PP modification processes can generate highly cross-linked products resulting in undesirable gels.
- Branches may be of type Y and type H, both of which may have different rheological properties.
- H branches are better than Y because they physically have two branches rather than one per chain.
- the key to manipulating rheological properties involves controlling the number, length and distribution of branches in modified products.
- the first commercially applied PP modification process was based on the irradiation of electron beam PP resins, as described in US 4,916,198, where electron bombarded material generates radicals and branches at low temperatures.
- the major problems of this process are the high investment cost of the irradiation system, the cost of operating via electron beam or other sources of irradiation, heterogeneity of the modified samples and the limitation of production scale.
- Reactive extrusion processes are also found, such as the use of highly reactive peroxides, as disclosed in WO 99/27007 and US 5,416,169, promoting reaction at low temperatures in the very early stages of extrusion.
- the limitation of this type of process, even in the presence of comonomers, is that this type of peroxide has limited mixing to the polymer spheres, having a significant limit of action in the modification.
- US 6,649,666 cites the formation of modified products by bis-sulfonyl azides, including generally in the form of masterbatches. Another differential is that said document describes a simultaneous modification and foaming process. It is noteworthy that, as it is a reactive extrusion, and because the foaming process has a significant amount of specific additives, it is not recommended to mix BSA with other chemical components, as undesirable reactions can occur causing safety problems of the product. process, operator health and the environment. Contrary to the state of the art, the process of the present invention is advantageous in that the fact that it comprises two steps allows for more precise control of the process and its possible instabilities, even with the advantage of using lower BSA contents than those used. in the technology described in US 6,649,666.
- US 7,141,182 does not cite or refer to the effect of accelerators on process optimization, not even branch length control and by-product control generated during masterbatch preparation.
- the process disclosed in the present invention achieves technological results such as perfecting the modification process using BSA through the preparation and composition of BSA masterbatch, achieving significant improvement over the processes described in US 7,141,182.
- US 20080021137 apparently describes a combination of the technologies described in US 20030138627 and US 7,141,182, which teaches the preparation of molecular melt and the reaction product with PP, without considering process optimizations, accelerator effects, control of the length of branches, or use of bis-sulfonazides in masterbatch form.
- vulcanization agents sulfur, metal oxides, bifunctional compounds and peroxides
- accelerators activators, retarders, among others, used to produce the desired vulcanization characteristics and properties of the sulfur.
- the crosslinking agent is BSA, the initiator being the molecule itself.
- organic accelerators requires the use of organic and / or inorganic activators for accelerators to reach their potential.
- the most commonly used activators are zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO).
- ZnO zinc oxide
- MgO magnesium oxide
- the use of fatty acids or fatty acid salts such as zinc stearate is possible.
- Fatty acids and zinc oxide are incorporated to form a zinc or magnesium salt that functions as a cation donor, activator of the vulcanization system.
- these stearic salts are added with antacid function, without function of modifying reaction kinetics of modifiers.
- the invention described in the present application describes the effect of stearic salts on the polypropylene modification process.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a modified polypropylene.
- a second object of the present invention is to obtain a modified polypropylene having lower g1, B n greater than 0.1 and IF less than 100 g / 10min, as well as its use.
- a third object of the invention is to obtain a polymer blend comprising the modified polypropylene disclosed in the present patent application.
- the objects of the present invention are achieved by a process comprising the addition of a masterbatch prepared by dispersing BSA in a polyolefin and at least one metal cationic fatty acid salt in the polypropylene to be modified.
- the present invention has as advantages the control of the type and length of the modified polypropylene branches, as well as the optimized coupling agent reaction, minimizing the formation of byproducts.
- modified polypropylene of the present invention has low residue content and, therefore, performs better in various applications such as foaming, blowing, thermoforming, coating, film extrusion, BOPP, spinning, and other molding techniques.
- modified polypropylene has a higher branching index (g ') than commercially found polymers due to its superior efficiency in rheological modification by the generation of branching without the presence of gels.
- Figure 1 illustrates molecular structures of Irganox ® 1010 and DPO_BSA
- Figure 2 * ⁇ MN spectrum of DPO_BSA and BSA masterbatch
- Figure 3 illustrates the residence time distribution for preparing an extrusion BSA masterbatch
- FIG. 4 BSA particle size distribution in the masterbatch (SEM), SEM image
- Figure 5 illustrates the melt strength versus extensibility plot model and parameters used for property calculation
- Figure 7 Complex viscosity graph for BSA powder modified PP and BSA masterbatch
- Figure 8 Representative scheme of BSA masterbatch using calcium stearate and zinc stearate and their effects on PP branching.
- Figure 9 Complex viscosity graph for BSA masterbatch-modified PP containing zinc stearate and calcium stearate;
- Figure 10 Strength graph of BSA masterbatch modified PP melt containing zinc stearate and calcium stearate
- Figure 12 Activation energy evolution graph according to modification process
- Figure 13 Graph with melt strength results comparing results between BSA dust versus BSA masterbatch routes
- Figure 14 Graph with residual BSA and SA contents comparing results between BSA dust versus BSA masterbatch routes
- Figure 15 effect of masterbatch carrier molecular mass on modified PP melt strength
- Figure 16 effect of masterbatch vehicle molecular mass on complex viscosity of modified PP
- the present invention is a process for producing a modified polypropylene comprising the following steps:
- modified polypropylene is meant a polypropylene (PP) which has undergone chemical modifications where the end product has properties that differ from a reactor polymer, in this case the presence of long branches.
- Modified polypropylenes include PP-HMS (High Melt Strength) which are polypropylenes with high melt strength and may be by the presence of branches or reduced IF.
- Step A Preparing a BSA Masterbatch (also referred to as a BSA Master, Master, or Masterbatch)
- the BSA masterbatch is prepared by dispersing the BSA in polyolefin or another carrier in an extrusion process having a mass temperature of less than 190 ° C, preferably less than 180 ° C.
- Polyolefin may be added to the extruder in the form of grains, pellets, powders, spheres or mixtures thereof.
- the polyolefin used in the preparation of the BSA masterbatch is selected from polyethylene, polyalefin, polypropylene, ethylene with alpha-olefin copolymers of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, ethylene-propylene copolymers and / or alpha-olefin of 4 to 10 10 carbon atoms, preferably using polypropylene.
- the polypropylene used in the masterbatch composition may be selected from the group comprising homopolymers, copolymers, propylene (RAHECO) and / or random (RACO) homopolymer (HECO) and / or random (RACO) copolymer matrix homopolymer (HECO) copolymers comprising propylene / ethylene and / or ⁇ -olefin containing from 4 to 10 carbons.
- the IF of polypropylene may range from 1 to 300 g / min.
- BSA is bisulfonazide.
- the bisulfonazides may be selected from the group comprising sulfonyl azides, poly (sulfonyl azides), phosphazene azides, poly (phosphazene azides), silyl azides, poly (silyl azides), formyl azides, poly (formyl azides), azides, poly (azides), N-colorosulfonamide salts, N, N dichlorosulfonamides, 2-trialkyl-1-sulfonylhydrazide internal salts, diazo alkanes, poly (diazo alkanes), geminally substituted methylene groups, ketenes, metallocarbenes and others, and mixtures thereof, with the use of bis-sulfonazide 4,4'-diphenyl ether (DPO-BSA) being preferred.
- DPO-BSA bis-sulfonazide 4,4'-dipheny
- BSA may be in liquid, suspension, solid, or in physical mixtures with polymers, and in the form of Molecular Melt.
- Molecular Melt is a mixture of DPO-BSA and an antioxidant ( Figure 1). use of DPO-BSA with the antioxidant tetrakis- (methylene (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamate)] methane (commercially known as Irganox 1010 provided by BASF - The Chemical Company).
- the BSA content in the masterbatch is up to 7.5%.
- the content of Molecular Meit should be up to 80%, preferably between 5% and 35% in the masterbatch composition.
- the BSA masterbatch of the present invention comprises at least one antioxidant selected from the group comprising phenolics, thioesters, phosphites, phosphates, among others commonly used in polyolefin. If BSA in the form of Molecular Meit is used, the addition of antioxidants is optional, as Molecular Meit already contains antioxidants in its composition.
- metal cationic or compatibilizing fatty acid salts may be added.
- the metal cation containing fatty acid salts are preferably stearates whose cation is selected from valence cations from +1 to +3, and most preferably selected from the group comprising Ca, Zn, Mg, Na, Li and Ba.
- the masterbatch of the present invention optionally comprises other additives such as antacids, crystallization nucleators, COF (friction coefficient) controllers, compatibilizers, flow aids, plasticizers, among others capable of improving the performance of the composition.
- additives such as antacids, crystallization nucleators, COF (friction coefficient) controllers, compatibilizers, flow aids, plasticizers, among others capable of improving the performance of the composition.
- the addition of these additives to the masterbatch is not recommended as the azide functional group has a strong chemical interaction with acids and bases and may result in undesired reactions.
- Figure 2 shows results of Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance analysis for Molecular Meit and polypropylene masterbatch prepared with Molecular Meit. DPO-BSA remains intact. The characteristic peaks of the aromatic ring hydrogens showed no chemical displacement or noise in the base, indicating that no product changes occurred in the masterbatch preparation.
- the extruder used in the preparation of the masterbatch can be single screw, double screw or planetary screw, interpenetrating or non-interpenetrating, counter rotational or corrotational, with L / D (thread length / diameter) greater than 20.
- the extruder used It is the co-rotational, interpenetrating twin screw extruder.
- the distribution of residence time can be seen in Figure 3.
- the residence time in masterbatch preparation should be less than 40s.
- the average residence time is 20s.
- a reduction of the BSA and / or Molecular Melt domains to mean values less than 50 ⁇ is expected.
- the BSA masterbatch obtained in the first process step (A) can be dosed directly into the extruder where it will automatically proceed to the next process step (B); or may be obtained in the first step (A) directly in the form of grains, pellets, spheres, powders or mixtures thereof, and stored for later use.
- Step B Polypropylene Modification
- Step B of the process is accomplished by adding:
- the polypropylene to be modified may be selected from the group comprising homopolymers, copolymers, heterophasic propylene and alpha-olefin (RAHECO) and / or random (RACO) homopolymer matrix (HECO) copolymers comprising propylene / ethylene and / or ⁇ -olefin containing from 4 to 10 carbons.
- the IF of polypropylene may range from 1 to 300 g / min.
- the polypropylene to be modified may be in the form of grains, pellets, powders, spheres or mixtures thereof.
- the mixing of the components is carried out in an extruder at a temperature of up to 270 ° C, preferably below 250 ° C.
- the extruder used in the preparation of the masterbatch is single, double or planetary, interpenetrating or noninterpenetrating, counter rotational or corrotational and can be industrial with a diameter greater than 250 mm and L / D greater than 10; or compounding (composting) extruder with a diameter of 20 to 250 mm and an L / D greater than 25.
- the residence time of the step B extrusion should be less than 30s.
- the metal cation-containing fatty acid salts are preferably stearates whose cation is selected from valence cations of +1 to +3, preferably Ca, Zn, Mg, Na, Li and Ba. More preferably, the cations are selected from Zn and Mg.
- the amount of metal cation-containing fatty acid salts may range from 200 to 6000 ppm (parts per million) based on total modified PP mass.
- antioxidants may be added to the polypropylene to be modified, that is, in the second step (B) of the present process.
- Antioxidants can be selected from phenolic antioxidants, thioesters, phosphites, phosphates, among others capable of presenting the same desired performance.
- additives commonly used in polymer preparation may be added to the polypropylene to be modified, such as crystallization nucleators, flame retardants, pigments, anti-UV (ultraviolet) agents, COF (friction coefficient) controllers, release agents, infrared absorption agents, release aids, lubricants, flow aids, among others capable of delivering the same desired performance.
- the BSA masterbatch is added to the polypropylene to be modified in sufficient quantity so that the BSA content in the final composition (modified polypropylene) is between 200 and 2000 ppm - depending on the degree of modification desired.
- the masterbatch route will use less BSA for polypropylene modification as compared to conventional methods using direct powder dosing. With this, we notice the reduction of BSA residues in the final product, which allows its use in applications that have direct contact with food.
- the modified polypropylene of the present invention has a residue content of less than 6 ppm.
- the masterbatch process generates products with lower antioxidant consumption and better color appearance by not consuming Irganox 1010 ® antioxidants, for example when using Molecular Melt.
- Steps (A) and (B) of the process of the present invention may occur independently or in an integrated manner.
- the masterbatch obtained in step (A) may be in the form of grains which may be bagged and added in step B as an additive even after storage.
- masterbatch extrusion can occur in an extruder integrated with another extruder, such as an industrial extruder, where the PP modification reaction occurs.
- the masterbatch can be dosed directly into the industrial extrusion system without the need to bag and store the masterbatch.
- the extrusion process may or may not be in line with the polypropylene polymerization process used as the base resin.
- the process of the present invention provides greater control in the configuration (type and length) and amount of branches generated, reducing the occurrence of crosslinking.
- a modified polypropylene suitable for use in foaming processes and other applications such as foaming, thermoforming, blowing, ISBM, extrusion of tubular films, blown films, flat films, BOPP, fibers, raffia, injection, coating, blowing, among others that require resin lower levels of branching.
- the modified polypropylene obtained by the process of this invention has branching index (g ') less than one, branching number (Bn) greater than 0.1 and IF less than 100 g / 10min.
- the modified polypropylene has g 'greater than 0.55 and less than 1 and B is not less than 4 atoms per 1000 carbon atoms.
- this polypropylene has melt strength greater than 30 cN, extensibility greater than 11 cm / s, activation energy less than 120 kl / mol and IF between 2 and 6 g / 10 min.
- the modified polypropylene of the present invention has no restrictions on blending with other polymers, as the superior rheological changes are maintained even in blends. Blends comprising said modified polypropylene retain the properties provided for in the present invention as compared to blends comprising existing branched products.
- the polymeric blends formed with the modified PP of the present invention may comprise linear PP homopolymer, random and heterophasic homopolymer and copolymers, low density polyethylene (LDPE), low density linear polyethylene (PELBD), high density polyethylene (HDPE), rubber ethylene propylene (EPR) thermoplastic, ethylene / olefin copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, ethylene / octene copolymer, ethylene / butene, ethylene hexene.
- Modified PP may be present in polymer blends in contents ranging from 5% to 95%.
- the polypropylene modification process of the present invention is an optimized process, providing control on the amount, type and size of the branches.
- the masterbatch resin IF has a fundamental effect on the properties of the modified polypropylene, being crucial for the control of branch length.
- the use of zinc stearate, for example, in the modification step (Step B) tends to favor the formation of branched, non-crosslinked modified structures as occurs in conventional processes using BSA powder.
- branch length and branch shape are controlled, thereby optimizing coupling agent reaction and avoiding significant by-product formation.
- Step B Another advantage of the process of the present invention is that in a short mixing time in an industrial extrusion (Step B), residence time of approximately 30s, the mixing capacity is limited. Therefore, the previous dispersion of BSA in the masterbatch makes the process less dependent on this limitation due to the increased contact area and consequent modification intensity.
- the reaction is still strongly influenced by the molar mass of the masterbatch vehicle.
- the lower IF of the masterbatch vehicle resin tends to produce longer branches and these branches will have a stronger influence on the rheological properties of the modified resin.
- a polymer suitable for different types of processing, with fewer branches can be generated than polymers of other technologies.
- Gc is the crossover module.
- IV Br is the intrinsic viscosity of branched resins
- IV L is the intrinsic viscosity for the same Mw (molar mass) data.
- branched resins tend to have lower intrinsic viscosity than a linear resin of the same molar mass, because they have a lower degree of interpenetration of hydrodynamic volumes (in the case of concentrated solutions) or are less voluminous structures, consequently the values of g ' Resins are always smaller than 1 when they have branches.
- the number of branches (B Collins) is a calculation derived from branch index data (g ').
- B n can be estimated via EtaO viscosity determination, where in this work the Carreua-Yasuda model on frequency scan data was used, as described by the reference (Tsenoglou, C.
- os is the zero viscosity of the modified (branched) resin.
- OL is the viscosity of the resin before (linear) modification.
- ML is Mw of the resin to be modified.
- Ratio of Slopes is the variation in the slope of the beginning of the curve in relation to the strain hardening region.
- RSI values indicate how much the polymer stiffens by deformation.
- the onset value is related to the type of branch generated and to what degree of deformation the strain-hardening process begins.
- ⁇ is stress The stress ratio being the extensibility of 100 mm / s and 50 mm / s.
- SHI gives an indication of stress nonlinearity at different extensibilities, but can hardly differentiate HMS-PP resins.
- a first assessment can be made by the SHI value, but it is necessary to evaluate the entire curve profile obtained to understand if the resin properties are adequate. In the foaming process, for example, it is ideal that the force at the first slap should be very low, allowing the process to start and then stiffening to prevent rupture / collapse of the cells formed by gas expansion. .
- EtaO, Strength, extensibility, SHI, RSI (slope ratio) and number of branches are determined.
- Table 3 shows the characteristics of the components used and Table 4 lists the properties obtained after modification.
- Example 02-a - BSA masterbatch with Ca and Zn stearates Example 02-a - BSA masterbatch with Ca and Zn stearates.
- Example 2-b - BSA masterbatch with Ca and Zn stearates In this example the use of calcium and zinc stearate in PP modification is compared.
- An illustrative scheme can be seen in Figure 9.
- samples generated with calcium stearate-containing masterbatch tend to have slightly higher PI values than zinc stearate, and the Strain Hardening process starts at larger strain values (on-set).
- zinc stearate should act by being added in steps after masterbatch formation to accelerate the reaction in a high dispersion step, thus allowing the free BSA residue to be reduced to values below 3 ppm active BSA and not sulfonamide release at levels greater than 3 ppm, suitable for food and beverage applications, subject to legal restrictions.
- Example 3 compares two additive routes in the polypropylene modification process.
- Table 10 shows the properties verified for modified polypropylene via route A.
- Table 11 shows the properties verified for route D modified polypropylene.
- FIG. 13 for activation energy, there is a description of evolution with process and mixing changes, demonstrating how far it goes towards obtaining a purely branched sample rather than crosslinked samples.
- Linear systems are less sensitive to temperature variations, ie, temperature increases cause minor variations in the mobility of molecules.
- the presence of long branches makes the PP chains more temperature sensitive, increasing the Flow Activation Energy.
- the evolution of activation energy as technology advances makes it possible to control the type of modification generated, improving to have a branching system tending to fewer cross-links, giving better and higher system performance.
- the SA residue levels are clearly minimal, very close to the target values for food contact.
- the values given in this example are the values of the pellet resin prior to the foaming process.
- the levels after the foaming process will be even lower, since normally the resin is diluted in the final processor composition and reheating will consume the BSA residue.
- the explanation for this effect is given by the PP dispersion kinematics of the master in PP matrix.
- the residence time in an extruder can be varied, but industrially, meaning industrial plant, is around 30s.
- PP matrix and master tend to merge, but PP matrix with smaller particle size has larger contact area and will preferentially merge.
- the molecules surrounding the dispersed BSA particles will be those of the master carrier.
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BR112016003706-5A BR112016003706B1 (pt) | 2013-08-23 | 2014-08-25 | Processo para produção de um polipropileno modificado, polipropileno modificado, uso do polipropileno modificado, e, blenda polimérica |
EP14837588.4A EP3037443A4 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2014-08-25 | Process for producing modified poly(propene), the modified poly(propene) and the use thereof, and the polymer blend |
US14/913,620 US9815951B2 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2014-08-25 | Process for producing modified poly(propene), the modified poly(propene) and the use thereof, and the polymer blend |
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- 2014-08-25 US US14/913,620 patent/US9815951B2/en active Active
- 2014-08-25 BR BR112016003706-5A patent/BR112016003706B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2014-08-25 EP EP14837588.4A patent/EP3037443A4/en active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112016003706B1 (pt) | 2021-09-08 |
US9815951B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
EP3037443A4 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
EP3037443A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
US20160355644A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
BR112016003706A2 (pt) | 2017-08-01 |
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