WO2015012193A1 - 保護デバイス - Google Patents
保護デバイス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015012193A1 WO2015012193A1 PCT/JP2014/069038 JP2014069038W WO2015012193A1 WO 2015012193 A1 WO2015012193 A1 WO 2015012193A1 JP 2014069038 W JP2014069038 W JP 2014069038W WO 2015012193 A1 WO2015012193 A1 WO 2015012193A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermal fuse
- fuse element
- protection device
- ptc
- ptc element
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/026—Current limitation using PTC resistors, i.e. resistors with a large positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
- H01H2085/025—Structural association with a binding post of a storage battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
- H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
- H01H2085/0483—Fuse resistors with temperature dependent resistor, e.g. thermistor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protection device.
- An element or protection device is incorporated in the circuit.
- a protective element for example, a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) element, a thermal fuse element, a current fuse element and the like that provide protection against overcurrent and abnormally high temperatures are known.
- Patent Document 1 a bimetal switch and a PTC element connected in parallel as a protection device.
- Patent Document 1 a bimetal switch and a PTC element connected in parallel as a protection device.
- the bimetal portion of the bimetal switch becomes hot and the contacts are separated and opened, and current is commutated to the PTC element.
- the PTC element trips to a high temperature / high resistance state due to an overcurrent and substantially cuts off the current flowing through the PTC element.
- the PTC element generally does not have a large holding current and is not necessarily suitable for use in a high-capacity battery such as a personal computer. Also, in general, PTC elements provide adequate protection when the trip temperature is a relatively high temperature, eg, greater than 100 ° C., and the abnormal high temperature is a relatively low temperature, eg, 80 ° C. Not always easy.
- Thermal fuse elements can provide adequate protection with high sensitivity to abnormally high temperatures, even at relatively low temperatures, but they are not very sensitive to overcurrent and can be blown out. Is time consuming and it is not always easy to provide adequate protection. In addition, for a high capacity, particularly a current value exceeding 6 A, the fusing characteristics vary greatly from element to element, and appropriate protection cannot always be provided.
- the current fuse element can provide appropriate protection against overcurrent, but it is not always easy to provide appropriate protection against abnormally high temperatures. As for protection against overcurrent, it is not always easy to provide quick and reliable protection against overcurrent that does not exceed the rated current so much, for example, overcurrent that is about twice the rated current.
- a protection device such as Patent Document 1 that combines a bimetal switch and a PTC element can increase a holding current and has good protection characteristics such as sensitivity, but has a mechanical contact. For this reason, there is a problem that contact failure due to corrosion or the like, momentary interruption due to impact, or the like occurs.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a protection device that can provide appropriate protection against overcurrent and abnormally high temperature, has a large holding current, and does not have a mechanical contact.
- a protective device comprising (i) at least one PTC element; and (ii) a thermal fuse element, Each PTC element and the thermal fuse element are electrically connected to each other in parallel, The thermal fuse element is under the thermal influence of at least one PTC element; A protection device is provided in which a current substantially flows through each PTC element and thermal fuse element in a normal state.
- an electrical apparatus comprising the above protection device description is provided.
- the PTC element and the thermal fuse element are electrically connected in parallel, the thermal fuse element is disposed so as to be under the thermal influence of the PTC element, and current is divided into the PTC element and the thermal fuse element.
- the protection device of the present invention does not have a mechanical contact, it does not cause contact failure due to corrosion or the like, and instantaneous interruption due to impact, and is excellent in environmental resistance and impact resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the protection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the protection device of the present invention.
- protection device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- the protection device of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
- the “holding current” means the maximum current that can be passed without operating the thermal fuse element, the PTC element, or the protection device.
- the “rated current” means the maximum current at which the thermal fuse element, the PTC element or the protection device can be used safely, and is generally set by the manufacturer.
- operating current means a minimum current at which a thermal fuse element, a PTC element or a protection device operates.
- operating temperature means a minimum temperature at which a thermal fuse element, a PTC element or a protection device operates.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram corresponding to one aspect of the protection device of the present invention.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention includes a PTC element 2 and a thermal fuse element 4.
- the PTC element 2 and the thermal fuse element 4 are electrically connected to each other in parallel, and the thermal fuse element is under the thermal influence of the PTC element.
- the current flowing through the protection device 1 is divided into the PTC element 2 and the thermal fuse element 4 and substantially flows through the PTC element and the thermal fuse element.
- “normal” means that an abnormal state such as overcurrent or abnormal heat generation has not occurred, and that the state of the protective device, the circuit / equipment to be protected, and their surrounding environment are within the expected range. means.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention can have a large holding current by having the above-described configuration.
- a conventional protection device in which a PTC element and a thermal fuse element are electrically connected in parallel with each other, since the resistance value of the thermal fuse element is generally sufficiently smaller than the resistance value of the PTC element, the current is on the thermal fuse element side. It flows through the circuit and does not flow substantially through the PTC element. Therefore, the holding current of the conventional protection device is substantially the same as the holding current of the thermal fuse element.
- the protection device of the present invention can reduce the load current of the thermal fuse element. Therefore, it becomes possible to flow a current larger than the holding current of the thermal fuse element to the protection device, and as a result, the holding current of the protection device increases.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention can cut off the current flowing therethrough when an overcurrent occurs.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention can cut off the current with good response to an overcurrent because the thermal fuse element 4 is under the thermal influence of the PTC element 2.
- under the influence of heat means that when the PTC element trips, Joule heat generated in the PTC element is transmitted to the thermal fuse element and melts the thermal fuse element or assists in the melting of the thermal fuse element. It means that there is.
- a thermal fuse element can be blown if an overcurrent exceeding the holding current flows, but its responsiveness is poor. For example, it takes several tens of seconds to several minutes to blow after an overcurrent flows. Cost.
- the thermal fuse element operates before the thermal fuse. That is, when an overcurrent flows through the protection device 1, first, the PTC element 2 trips (operates) due to the overcurrent, and the current flowing through the PTC element 2 is commutated to the thermal fuse element 4. A current exceeding the holding current flows, and the thermal fuse element 4 generates heat. Further, Joule heat generated in the tripped PTC element 2 is transmitted to the thermal fuse element 4, so that the thermal fuse element 4 is melted and the current flowing through the protection device 1 is quickly cut off.
- the temperature after the trip of the PTC element is preferably higher than the operating temperature of the thermal fuse element.
- the protective device 1 of the present invention can cut off the current flowing therethrough when abnormal heat generation occurs.
- abnormal heat generation means that unexpected heat generation occurs in the circuit / equipment or the vicinity thereof, and the ambient temperature of the protection device reaches an abnormally high temperature.
- Ambient temperature means the temperature of an element, for example, the atmosphere surrounding the protection device in this case, or the temperature of other members in contact with the protection device.
- Abnormally high temperature does not mean a specific temperature, but is appropriately determined according to the application, circuit / device to be protected, etc., for example, from the temperature range allowed during normal operation of the device. Means a high temperature, a temperature exceeding the rated temperature of the parts used.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention can change the operating temperature of the protection device by adjusting the operating temperature of the thermal fuse element. For example, when the operating temperature of the thermal fuse element is set to 80 to 100 ° C., for example, reliable protection can be provided even at a relatively low temperature such as 80 to 100 ° C. as an abnormally high temperature.
- the thermal fuse element operates first. By operating the thermal fuse element first, when the thermal fuse element is blown, the current flowing therethrough can be commutated to the PTC element. it can.
- the protection device 1 of the present invention can provide appropriate protection against both overcurrent and abnormal heat generation (collectively referred to as “abnormal state” in the present specification).
- the PTC element used in the protective device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventionally used PTC element, for example, a polymer PTC element or a ceramic PTC element can be used.
- a preferred PTC element is a polymer PTC element.
- the polymer PTC element is formed by extruding a conductive composition containing a polymer (for example, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.) in which a conductive filler (for example, carbon black, nickel alloy, etc.) is dispersed. And the electrode (for example, metal foil) arranged on both sides thereof.
- a conductive composition containing a polymer (for example, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.) in which a conductive filler (for example, carbon black, nickel alloy, etc.) is dispersed.
- the electrode for example, metal foil
- other elements such as leads may be directly connected to the PTC element, in which case the electrode can be omitted.
- the protection device of the present invention can use one or more, for example, two, three or more PTC elements. Two or more PTC elements may be the same or different. When a plurality of PTC elements are used, they are electrically connected in parallel with each other and electrically in parallel with the thermal fuse element. By using a plurality of PTC elements in parallel as described above, the combined resistance value of the entire PTC element can be reduced, and the current value flowing through the thermal fuse element can be easily divided into the PTC elements.
- the resistance value of the PTC element (the combined resistance value when used in plural) is not particularly limited, but at 25 ° C., 100 m ⁇ or less, preferably 50 m ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 m ⁇ or less, even more preferably 5 m ⁇ or less, 0.1 to 10 m ⁇ , preferably 0.1 to 5 m ⁇ .
- the resistance value is not particularly limited, but at 25 ° C., 100 m ⁇ or less, preferably 50 m ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 m ⁇ or less, even more preferably 5 m ⁇ or less, 0.1 to 10 m ⁇ , preferably 0.1 to 5 m ⁇ .
- the thermal fuse element used in the protection device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a thermal fuse element.
- the resistance value of the thermal fuse element is not particularly limited, but is 100 m ⁇ or less, preferably 50 m ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 m ⁇ or less, further preferably 5 m ⁇ or less, for example, 0.1 to 10 m ⁇ , preferably 0.1 to 5 m ⁇ . is there.
- the protection device of the present invention can adjust the value of the current flowing through each element by adjusting the combination of the resistance values of the PTC element and the thermal fuse element.
- the operating temperature of the thermal fuse element is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, in the range of 80 to 200 ° C., preferably 80 to 150 ° C., for example 80 to 130 ° C. or 80 to 100 ° C.
- the protection device of the present invention can cut off the current in response to an abnormally high temperature, for example, 80 to 100 ° C.
- the protection device of the present invention includes a resistor that is electrically connected in parallel to the PTC element 2 and electrically connected in series to the thermal fuse element 4 as shown in FIG. 6 may be included.
- the number of resistors is one, but the number of resistors is not limited to this, and a plurality of resistors may be used in series as long as the protection device of the present invention can operate appropriately.
- the resistor is arranged so as not to thermally affect the PTC element and the thermal fuse element. By using such a resistor, it becomes easy to shunt the current flowing through the thermal fuse element 4 to the PTC element 2.
- the resistance value of the resistor is not particularly limited, but the combined resistance value with the thermal fuse element is 100 m ⁇ or less, preferably 50 m ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 m ⁇ or less, further preferably 5 m ⁇ or less, for example, 0.1 to It is selected to be 10 m ⁇ , preferably 0.1 to 5 m ⁇ .
- the resistance value of the PTC element (the combined resistance value when there are a plurality of PTC elements) and the resistance value of the thermal fuse element (when there is a resistor, the thermal fuse element and the resistance
- the combined resistance value of the body is appropriately selected so that current flows through both the PTC element and the thermal fuse element at the temperature used.
- the resistance value of the PTC element or the combined resistance value of a plurality of PTC elements, and the resistance value of the thermal fuse element, or the combination of the thermal fuse element and the resistor when a resistor exists.
- the ratio of the resistance values is 1:10 to 10: 1, for example 1: 5 to 5: 1. Such a ratio can be appropriately determined according to the holding current of the PTC element and the thermal fuse element to be used.
- the current substantially flows through the PTC element and the thermal fuse element.
- the current value flowing through the PTC element (the total value when there are a plurality of PTC elements) and the thermal fuse
- the ratio of the current values flowing through the element is 10: 1 to 1:10, for example 5: 1 to 1: 5. Such a ratio can be appropriately determined according to the holding current of the PTC element and the thermal fuse element to be used.
- the protective device of the present invention can quickly and surely cut off the overcurrent at 1.2 to 5 times the rated current of the protective device by adjusting the ratio of the resistance value or the current value.
- the protection device of the present invention cuts off the overcurrent quickly and reliably even when an overcurrent of 1.2 to 3.0 times, preferably 1.5 to 2.0 times flows. can do.
- the protection device of the present invention has a large holding current and can be suitably used as a protection device for a battery of a device such as a tablet-type or notebook-type personal computer that requires a high discharge current.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(i)少なくとも1つのPTC素子、および
(ii)温度ヒューズ素子
を含んで成る保護デバイスであって、
各PTC素子および温度ヒューズ素子が、相互に電気的に並列に接続されており、
温度ヒューズ素子は少なくとも1つのPTC素子の熱影響下にあり、
平常時には、各PTC素子および温度ヒューズ素子を電流が実質的に流れること
を特徴とする保護デバイスを提供する。
2…PTC素子
4…温度ヒューズ素子
6…抵抗体
Claims (9)
- (i)少なくとも1つのPTC素子、および
(ii)温度ヒューズ素子
を含んで成る保護デバイスであって、
各PTC素子および温度ヒューズ素子が、相互に電気的に並列に接続されており、
温度ヒューズ素子は少なくとも1つのPTC素子の熱影響下にあり、
平常時には、各PTC素子および温度ヒューズ素子を電流が実質的に流れること
を特徴とする保護デバイス。 - 2つ以上のPTC素子を含んで成る、請求項1に記載の保護デバイス。
- さらに、PTC素子に電気的に並列に接続され、かつ、温度ヒューズ素子に電気的に直列に接続されている1つまたはそれ以上の抵抗体を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の保護デバイス。
- PTC素子の抵抗値、またはPTC素子が複数存在する場合にはそれらの合成抵抗値と、温度ヒューズ素子の抵抗値、または抵抗体が存在する場合には温度ヒューズ素子と抵抗体の合成抵抗値の比が、1:10~10:1であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の保護デバイス。
- 各PTC素子を流れる電流値の合計値と、温度ヒューズ素子を流れる電流値の比が、10:1~1:10であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の保護デバイス。
- 保護デバイスを過電流が流れた場合に、PTC素子が動作し、ついで、温度ヒューズ素子が動作することを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の保護デバイス。
- 過電流が保護デバイスの定格電流の1.2~5倍であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の保護デバイス。
- 保護デバイスの周囲温度が所定の温度以上になった場合に、温度ヒューズ素子が動作し、ついで、PTC素子が動作することを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の保護デバイス。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の保護デバイスを有して成る電気装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480041351.5A CN105393327B (zh) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-17 | 保护器件 |
US14/907,809 US20160189897A1 (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-17 | Protection Device |
KR1020167003471A KR20160035588A (ko) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-17 | 보호 디바이스 |
JP2015528253A JP6490583B2 (ja) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-17 | 保護デバイス |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013-155462 | 2013-07-26 | ||
JP2013155462 | 2013-07-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015012193A1 true WO2015012193A1 (ja) | 2015-01-29 |
Family
ID=52393235
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/069038 WO2015012193A1 (ja) | 2013-07-26 | 2014-07-17 | 保護デバイス |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160189897A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6490583B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20160035588A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105393327B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI647889B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015012193A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180366293A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical circuit protection device with high resistive bypass material |
CN113811974A (zh) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-12-17 | 力特保险丝公司 | 具备ptc元件及二次熔断器的电路保护装置 |
US20210396595A1 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-12-23 | Renault S.A.S. | Method and device for detecting when a predefined temperature threshold is exceeded |
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CN109148414A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-01-04 | 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 | 一种电可编程熔丝结构及电子装置 |
CN107452574B (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-02-04 | 杭州布雷科电气有限公司 | 一种电动汽车用直流快速熔断器 |
CN109494419B (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-03-09 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种动力电池热失控监测装置 |
JP7377070B2 (ja) | 2019-11-08 | 2023-11-09 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | 保護回路、バッテリパック及び保護回路の動作方法 |
US11387068B2 (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2022-07-12 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Active/passive fuse module |
JP2021097038A (ja) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | リテルフューズ、インコーポレイテッド | 能動/受動ヒューズモジュール |
US11594391B2 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-02-28 | Littelfuse International Holding, Llc. | Active/passive fuse module |
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2014
- 2014-07-17 WO PCT/JP2014/069038 patent/WO2015012193A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-07-17 KR KR1020167003471A patent/KR20160035588A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-07-17 JP JP2015528253A patent/JP6490583B2/ja active Active
- 2014-07-17 US US14/907,809 patent/US20160189897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-07-17 CN CN201480041351.5A patent/CN105393327B/zh active Active
- 2014-07-22 TW TW103125061A patent/TWI647889B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180366293A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical circuit protection device with high resistive bypass material |
US10204757B2 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-02-12 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical circuit protection device with high resistive bypass material |
US20210396595A1 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-12-23 | Renault S.A.S. | Method and device for detecting when a predefined temperature threshold is exceeded |
CN113811974A (zh) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-12-17 | 力特保险丝公司 | 具备ptc元件及二次熔断器的电路保护装置 |
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US20160189897A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
CN105393327B (zh) | 2019-02-15 |
TW201505304A (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
KR20160035588A (ko) | 2016-03-31 |
JP6490583B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 |
JPWO2015012193A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
TWI647889B (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
CN105393327A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
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