WO2014203795A1 - Electrode wire for electric discharge machining - Google Patents
Electrode wire for electric discharge machining Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014203795A1 WO2014203795A1 PCT/JP2014/065560 JP2014065560W WO2014203795A1 WO 2014203795 A1 WO2014203795 A1 WO 2014203795A1 JP 2014065560 W JP2014065560 W JP 2014065560W WO 2014203795 A1 WO2014203795 A1 WO 2014203795A1
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- wire
- electric discharge
- discharge machining
- electrode wire
- temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
- B23H7/08—Wire electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to an electrode wire for electric discharge machining, and more particularly to an electrode wire for wire electric discharge machining made of a material containing tungsten.
- the wire electric discharge machine is widely used for processing precision finished products such as molding dies.
- an electrode wire for wire electrical discharge machining also referred to as a cut wire
- brass wire is most often used, and high-strength piano wire is also often used.
- a wire made of a material containing tungsten that can be made thinner than a brass wire or a piano wire while maintaining a high tensile strength is used as a cut wire.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2-109640 discloses Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Disclosed is an electrode wire for electric discharge machining comprising a tungsten alloy containing at least 0.0010 to 1.0% by weight of at least one selected from the group containing Lu and their respective oxides, the balance being tungsten. ing.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-145214 discloses a discharge made of a tungsten alloy containing at least 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of Re and the balance being tungsten and inevitable impurities. A processing electrode wire is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an oxide dispersion type alloy used for an electrode wire for wire electric discharge machining.
- a refractory metal is used as a mother alloy, and rare earth oxide is uniformly dispersed in the mother alloy.
- the master alloy includes at least one of tungsten and molybdenum.
- the rare earth oxide is at least one of cerium oxide and samarium oxide.
- Patent Document 4 discloses at least one selected from the group consisting of rhenium in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 2% by mass, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide.
- An electrode wire for electric discharge machining containing metal oxide in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass and the balance containing tungsten and inevitable impurities is disclosed.
- JP-A-2-109640 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-145214 JP-A-6-346171 JP 2011-125961 A
- the processing speed can be increased; in order to increase the processing speed, the discharge characteristics are good and the tension applied to the cut wire needs to be increased, so that the cut wire has a high tensile strength.
- the processing accuracy can be increased; the diameter of the cut wire is small and the cut wire has a high tensile strength.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 many attempts have been made to improve the characteristics required of a cut wire made of a material containing tungsten.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 discuss the composition of the material necessary for improving the above (a), (b), (c) and (e). Has not been studied.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode wire for electric discharge machining that is less likely to cause breakage during electric discharge machining and that can stabilize automatic connection more than electric discharge machining using a conventional electric discharge machining electrode wire. It is to be.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention contains 0.5% to 0.7% by mass of cerium oxide, the balance is made of tungsten and inevitable impurities, and the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. is 3400 N / and mm 2 or more, drooping length when hung down naturally the electrical discharge machining electrode wire length 500mm in the vertical direction exceeds 470 mm.
- the wire diameter is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the drooping width when the electric discharge machining electrode wire having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction is 15 mm or less.
- the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. is preferably 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining By using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, it is possible to make disconnection less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and it is possible to stabilize automatic connection compared to electric discharge machining using a conventional electrode wire for electric discharge machining. become.
- the inventors of the present invention have made various studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, breakage can be made less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and more automatic than conventional electric discharge machining using electric discharge machining electrode wires. It has been found that in order to stabilize the connection, it is necessary to increase the tensile strength and improve the straightness of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining. It has been found that in order to obtain an electric discharge machining electrode wire having high tensile strength and good straightness, it is necessary to optimize by changing the manufacturing conditions as follows.
- the metal oxide contained other than tungsten as the material of the wire is made only of cerium oxide, and the content thereof is optimized.
- the obtained electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention contains cerium oxide in an amount of 0.5 mass% to 0.7 mass%, with the balance being tungsten and inevitable impurities at a temperature of 20 ° C (
- the tensile strength at room temperature is 3400 N / mm 2 or more, and the straightness is 470 mm or more for a length of 500 mm.
- the wire diameter is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the drooping width during natural drooping is preferably 15 mm or less.
- the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. is preferably 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
- the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. of an electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a wire diameter of 50 ⁇ m made of pure tungsten is about 3000 N / mm 2 .
- the temperature range near 400 ° C. is considered to be the closest to the actual temperature of the electrode wire during electric discharge machining.
- the tensile strength in this temperature range is known to be about 80% of the tensile strength value at a temperature of 20 ° C., and the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention is 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
- the tensile strength measurement method conforms to the Tungsten and Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten / molybdenum wire and rod test method).
- the natural drooping length of the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm exceeds 470 mm, which means that when the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction, it extends parallel to the vertical direction.
- the length of the wire (natural drooping length) exceeds 470 mm.
- the straightness measurement method conforms to the Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method).
- the measurement of the drooping width can be performed simultaneously with the measurement of straightness (natural drooping length).
- the drooping width when a 500 mm long electrode wire is naturally hung in the vertical direction means that the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviates from the vertical line when the 500 mm long electrode wire is hung naturally in the vertical direction. This is the maximum distance (maximum runout width).
- the drooping width is read in units of 1 mm using graph paper placed behind the electrode lines.
- the minimum wire diameter of the brass electric discharge machining electrode wire frequently used in the wire electric discharge machine is 70 ⁇ m (in the case of a wire electric discharge machine manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.).
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining made of a tungsten-containing material is often used when further fine machining is necessary, and wire diameters of 30 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m are used.
- the wire diameter is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less in order to have both high tensile strength and good straightness.
- Cerium oxide content Cerium oxide is added to tungsten in order to improve the tensile strength at room temperature (20 ° C.) and high temperature (400 ° C.) of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining and to improve discharge characteristics during electric discharge machining.
- a tensile strength of 3400 N / mm 2 or more cannot be realized at a temperature of 20 ° C.
- the content of cerium oxide exceeds 0.7% by mass, the tensile strength can be increased, but not only is it difficult to adjust the conditions for the annealing treatment to maintain good straightness, but also drawing is performed. Reduces yield in processing.
- cerium analysis method for measuring the content of cerium oxide conforms to the Tungsten and Molybdenum Industry Association standard TMIAS0001: 2010 (tungsten and molybdenum analysis method).
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention is manufactured as follows using wire drawing.
- the manufacturing method using the drawing process includes a powder preparation, a mixing process, a forming process, a sintering process, a rolling process, and a drawing process. Details of each step are as follows.
- a tungsten powder and a cerium oxide powder are prepared. Since the impurities in the tungsten powder may react with the cerium oxide in the subsequent mixing step to generate a fragile compound, it is preferable that the purity of the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder is high.
- the average particle size of the tungsten powder is preferably in the range of 2 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the cerium oxide powder is preferably smaller than the average particle diameter of the tungsten powder in order to promote uniform dispersion of the cerium oxide in tungsten.
- a mixed powder is obtained by mixing the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder. Mixing is performed using mixers, such as a V-type mixer and a rocking mixer, for example. Since a part of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is volatilized in the subsequent sintering step, the amount of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is determined in view of the volatilization amount.
- the mixed powder is charged into a molding die and a pressure is applied to the mixed powder to obtain a powder molded body having a predetermined shape, for example, a square bar shape.
- the sintered body is stretched into a shape that can be drawn by drawing using a die, which is a subsequent process.
- the sintered body is subjected to a rolling process in a state where it is charged and heated in a hydrogen gas atmosphere furnace having a temperature of 1500 ° C., and then an annealing process is performed.
- the stretched material is obtained by repeating this rolling process and annealing process.
- An electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a predetermined wire diameter is obtained by repeatedly drawing the stretched material. Specifically, the drawing is performed by gradually reducing the cross section of the wire using a predetermined number of drawing dies on the stretched material. After the drawing process using each drawing die, an annealing process is performed. A wire rod is obtained by repeating this drawing process and annealing process. After the drawing process using the final drawing die, an annealing process is performed, and after electropolishing, a final annealing process is performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
- the number of drawing dies is reduced as compared with the conventional one, and the drawing process is changed to a strong process.
- the temperature of the annealing process performed between the plurality of die lines in the drawing process is made higher than before.
- the temperature of the final annealing treatment is set higher than before.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention is manufactured.
- tungsten alloy wire was produced as an electrode wire for electric discharge machining used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Tungsten powder having a purity of 99.99% or more and an average particle size of 2.4 ⁇ m (according to Fsss particle size measurement method) and a cerium oxide powder having a purity of 99.99% (specific surface area of 6 by BET specific surface area measurement method) 0.5 m 2 / g).
- the mixed powder was obtained by mixing the tungsten powder prepared above and the cerium oxide powder for 3 hours using a V-type mixer. By adding and mixing cerium oxide in proportions of 0.45, 0.55, 0.67, 0.78, 0.89 and 1.1% by mass to 3 kg of tungsten powder, Mixed powders of six types of compositions were produced.
- this temporary sintered body was subjected to a three-stage heat treatment in a sintering furnace in a hydrogen gas atmosphere.
- the temperature of the temporary sintered body was raised to 1850 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 1850 ° C. for 3 minutes. Since this heat treatment temperature is considerably lower than the melting point of cerium oxide, in the first stage heat treatment, the purity can be increased by vaporizing impurities in the temporary sintered body.
- the temperature of the pre-sintered body was raised from 1850 ° C. to 2300 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2300 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- the presintered body was heated from 2300 ° C. to 2800 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2800 ° C. for 15 minutes. After this holding time was completed, the sintered body was cooled in a sintering furnace and taken out of the furnace.
- the obtained 6 types of sintered bodies were in the form of square bars having dimensions of 13 mm ⁇ 13 mm ⁇ 950 mm, and the density measured by Archimedes method was 93% of the theoretical value.
- the cerium oxide content in the sintered body was about 90% of the amount of cerium oxide added to the tungsten powder in the mixing step.
- the cerium oxide content in the wire is the cerium oxide content in the sintered body. It was the same value.
- a wire rod having a wire diameter of 240 ⁇ m was prepared by repeating the drawing process and the annealing treatment twice for the extension materials having the six types of compositions obtained above.
- the annealing temperature was gradually lowered from 1000 ° C. to 850 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased.
- the wire rods having the wire diameters of 240 ⁇ m with the six kinds of compositions obtained above are further subjected to wire drawing processing, whereby the examples of the electric discharge machining electrode wires having the wire diameters of 50 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m and the samples of the comparative examples Was made.
- a cross section of the wire step by step using a 17-stage drawing die for a wire with a wire diameter of 240 ⁇ m was performed with a decrease.
- Annealing was performed after the drawing process using each drawing die.
- a wire rod having a wire diameter of 50 ⁇ m was obtained by repeating this drawing and annealing.
- the annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 850 ° C. to 700 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased.
- an annealing process was performed, and electropolishing was performed to remove the oxide film on the surface after the drawing process and surface defects that induced disconnection. Thereafter, a final annealing treatment was performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
- the final annealing temperature was in the range of 630 ° C to 650 ° C.
- the process for producing the electrode wire for electric discharge machining with a wire diameter of 30 ⁇ m is performed by reducing the cross section of the wire material step by step using a 23-stage drawing die for the wire material with a wire diameter of 240 ⁇ m. Same as above except that it was done.
- a cross section of the wire is stepwise using a 19-stage drawing die for a wire having a wire diameter of 240 ⁇ m.
- the line drawing process was performed with a decrease.
- Annealing was performed after the drawing process using each drawing die.
- a wire rod having a wire diameter of 50 ⁇ m was obtained by repeating this drawing and annealing.
- the annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 820 ° C. to 650 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased.
- an annealing process was performed, and electropolishing was performed to remove the oxide film on the surface after the drawing process and surface defects that induced disconnection. Thereafter, a final annealing treatment was performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
- the final annealing temperature was about 600 ° C.
- the process for producing the electrode wire for electric discharge machining with a wire diameter of 30 ⁇ m is performed by reducing the cross section of the wire step by step using a 26-step drawing die for a wire rod with a wire diameter of 240 ⁇ m. Same as above except that it was done.
- the number of drawing dies was reduced from 19 to 17 and from 26 to 23 compared to the comparative example, and the drawing process was changed to a strong process.
- the temperature of the annealing process performed between the plurality of die lines in the drawing process is set to 820 ° C. to 650 ° C. It was higher than the comparative example from the range to 850 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the temperature of the final annealing treatment was increased from about 600 ° C. to a range of 630 ° C. to 650 ° C. compared to the comparative example. .
- Examples with 6 types of compositions (cerium oxide content 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 1.0 mass%) obtained as described above and The tensile strength and straightness at 20 ° C. (room temperature) and 400 ° C. of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining (wire diameters of 30 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m) of the comparative example were measured by the following measuring method. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the length of natural droop of a 500 mm long electrode wire exceeds 470 mm.
- the length of the wire extending in parallel to the vertical direction when measured naturally in the vertical direction was measured and defined as the natural droop length.
- the maximum value (maximum deflection width) of the distance at which the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviated from the vertical line was measured and defined as the drooping width.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example having a cerium oxide content of 0.5 mass% to 1.0 mass% is 3400 N / mm 2 or more and 3800 N / mm at a wire diameter of 30 ⁇ m at a temperature of 20 ° C. mm 2 have the following tensile strength, wire diameter is understood to have a 3400N / mm 2 or more 3500 N / mm 2 or less in tensile strength at 50 [mu] m.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example having a cerium oxide content of 0.4% by mass has a tensile strength of 3300 N / mm 2 when the wire diameter is 30 ⁇ m and the wire diameter is 50 ⁇ m at a temperature of 20 ° C. It can be seen that it has a tensile strength of 3200 N / mm 2 and has the same value as the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example is better than the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the comparative example. It shows straightness and it can be seen that the natural droop length exceeds 470 mm. It can be seen that when the cerium oxide content is in the range of 0.8% by mass to 1.0% by mass, the straightness is inferior to the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the comparative example, and the natural drooping length is 450 mm to 460 mm.
- the cerium oxide content is 0.5. It turns out that it is a necessary condition that they are mass% or more and 0.7 mass% or less.
- the electric discharge machining was performed under the following conditions using the electrode wires for electric discharge machining (wire diameters of 30 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m) of the examples and comparative examples having a cerium oxide content of 0.6% by mass produced as described above.
- Processing machine used AP450 manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.
- Working fluid Oil
- Work material Cold tool steel SKD11 (hardened material)
- Workpiece thickness 10 mm
- Cutting work material straight line processing, cutting length 20mm
- Electrode wire wire diameter 30 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, length 3000 m
- Tension 250 gf (2.45 N)
- Electrical discharge machining conditions (1) Processing machine used: AP450 manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd. (2) Working fluid: Oil (3) Work material: Cold tool steel SKD11 (hardened material) (4) Workpiece thickness: 10 mm (5) Cutting work material: straight line processing, cutting length 20mm (6)
- Electrode wire wire diameter 30 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, length 3000 m (7)
- Tension 250 gf (2.45 N) (8)
- the maximum height Ry of the cut surface of the workpiece processed using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example is 1.7 ⁇ m, whereas the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the example is used. It can be seen that the maximum height Ry of the cut surface of the processed workpiece is 1.5 ⁇ m, and that a good cut surface can be obtained by using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention.
- the number of disconnections of the electrode wire generated during the electric discharge machining using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example is 2 to 3, whereas the electric discharge machining using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the example is performed. It can be seen that the number of disconnections of the electrode wire generated during processing is zero, and that satisfactory results can be obtained by using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention.
- the electrode wire for electric discharge machining By using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, it is possible to make disconnection less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and it is possible to stabilize automatic connection compared to electric discharge machining using a conventional electrode wire for electric discharge machining. Therefore, this invention can contribute to the improvement of the operation efficiency of electric discharge machining.
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Abstract
Provided is an electrode wire for electric discharge machining, the electrode wire being difficult to brake during electric discharge machining and enabling automatic wire threading to be more stable than electric discharge machining using conventional electrode wires for electric discharge machining. An electrode wire for electric discharge machining contains 0.5-0.7 mass% (inclusive) of cerium oxide, the remainder thereof is composed of tungsten and inevitable impurities, the tensile strength thereof at a temperature of 20°C is 3400 N/mm2 or more, and the straightness thereof is 470 mm or more with respect to a length of 500 mm.
Description
本発明は、一般的には放電加工用電極線に関し、特定的にはタングステンを含む材料からなるワイヤ放電加工用電極線に関するものである。
The present invention generally relates to an electrode wire for electric discharge machining, and more particularly to an electrode wire for wire electric discharge machining made of a material containing tungsten.
ワイヤ放電加工機は、成型金型等の精密仕上げ製品の加工に広く使用されている。使用されるワイヤ放電加工用電極線(カットワイヤともいう)としては、真鍮線が最も多く用いられており、高強度ピアノ線も多く用いられている。より高精度な製品の加工には、抗張力を高く保持した状態で、真鍮線やピアノ線よりも細線化が可能なタングステンを含む材料からなる線材がカットワイヤとして用いられている。
The wire electric discharge machine is widely used for processing precision finished products such as molding dies. As an electrode wire for wire electrical discharge machining (also referred to as a cut wire), brass wire is most often used, and high-strength piano wire is also often used. For processing of products with higher accuracy, a wire made of a material containing tungsten that can be made thinner than a brass wire or a piano wire while maintaining a high tensile strength is used as a cut wire.
従来から、タングステンを含む材料からなるカットワイヤが開発されている。
たとえば、特開平2-109640号公報(以下、特許文献1という)には、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Luおよびそれら各々の酸化物を含む群から選ばれた1種以上を少なくとも0.0010~1.0重量%含み、その残部がタングステンとなっているタングステン合金からなる放電加工用電極線が開示されている。 Conventionally, a cut wire made of a material containing tungsten has been developed.
For example, JP-A-2-109640 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1) discloses Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Disclosed is an electrode wire for electric discharge machining comprising a tungsten alloy containing at least 0.0010 to 1.0% by weight of at least one selected from the group containing Lu and their respective oxides, the balance being tungsten. ing.
たとえば、特開平2-109640号公報(以下、特許文献1という)には、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Luおよびそれら各々の酸化物を含む群から選ばれた1種以上を少なくとも0.0010~1.0重量%含み、その残部がタングステンとなっているタングステン合金からなる放電加工用電極線が開示されている。 Conventionally, a cut wire made of a material containing tungsten has been developed.
For example, JP-A-2-109640 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1) discloses Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Disclosed is an electrode wire for electric discharge machining comprising a tungsten alloy containing at least 0.0010 to 1.0% by weight of at least one selected from the group containing Lu and their respective oxides, the balance being tungsten. ing.
特開平2-145214号公報(以下、特許文献2という)には、Reを少なくとも0.001~1.0重量%含み、その残部がタングステンおよび不可避的不純物となっている、タングステン合金からなる放電加工用電極線が開示されている。
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-145214 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2) discloses a discharge made of a tungsten alloy containing at least 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of Re and the balance being tungsten and inevitable impurities. A processing electrode wire is disclosed.
特開平6-346171号公報(以下、特許文献3という)には、ワイヤ放電加工用電極線に用いられる酸化物分散型合金が開示されている。この酸化物分散型合金は、高融点金属を母合金とし、この母合金内部に希土類酸化物が均一に分散している。上記の母合金は、タングステンおよびモリブデンのうちの少なくとも1種を含む。上記の希土類酸化物は、酸化セリウムおよび酸化サマリウムのうちの少なくとも1種である。
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-346171 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 3) discloses an oxide dispersion type alloy used for an electrode wire for wire electric discharge machining. In this oxide dispersion type alloy, a refractory metal is used as a mother alloy, and rare earth oxide is uniformly dispersed in the mother alloy. The master alloy includes at least one of tungsten and molybdenum. The rare earth oxide is at least one of cerium oxide and samarium oxide.
特開2011-125961号公報(以下、特許文献4という)には、レニウムを0.1質量%以上2質量%以下、酸化ランタン、酸化セリウムおよび酸化イットリウムからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の金属酸化物を0.1質量%以上1質量%以下、含み、残部がタングステンと不可避的不純物とを含む放電加工用電極線が開示されている。
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-125961 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 4) discloses at least one selected from the group consisting of rhenium in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 2% by mass, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide. An electrode wire for electric discharge machining containing metal oxide in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass and the balance containing tungsten and inevitable impurities is disclosed.
ところで、一般的にカットワイヤに要求される特性としては以下の点を挙げることができる。
By the way, the following points can be mentioned as characteristics generally required for a cut wire.
(a)加工速度を高めることができること;加工速度を高めるためには放電特性が良好であり、かつカットワイヤに加えられる張力を大きくする必要があるので、カットワイヤが高い抗張力を有すること。
(A) The processing speed can be increased; in order to increase the processing speed, the discharge characteristics are good and the tension applied to the cut wire needs to be increased, so that the cut wire has a high tensile strength.
(b)加工精度を高めることができること;カットワイヤの線径が小さく、かつカットワイヤが高い抗張力を備えていること。
(B) The processing accuracy can be increased; the diameter of the cut wire is small and the cut wire has a high tensile strength.
(c)抗張力が高いこと;カットワイヤの抗張力が高いと、カットワイヤにたわみを生じさせないように高い張力をカットワイヤに加えることが可能になる。
(C) High tensile strength; if the tensile strength of the cut wire is high, it becomes possible to apply high tension to the cut wire so as not to cause the cut wire to bend.
(d)真直性に優れること;カットワイヤの真直性が優れていると、加工中に断線がカットワイヤに生じる割合を減少させることが可能になるとともに、自動結線の成功率を高めることが可能になる。
(D) Excellent straightness; If the straightness of the cut wire is excellent, it is possible to reduce the rate at which breakage occurs in the cut wire during processing, and to increase the success rate of automatic connection. become.
(e)放電性能が高いこと;加工が迅速に進み、加工時間の短縮が可能になる。
特に、ワイヤ放電加工が多用される用途として、成型用金型加工がある。たとえば、加工箇所が数か所にわたる多数個抜き金型を加工する場合、1箇所の加工が終わるとカットワイヤを自動的に切断し、別の加工位置へ移動するとともにカットワイヤを自動的に結線させて、加工を再開するプログラムが組まれる。このような長時間の無人運転を可能にするためには、自動結線を安定化させることが重要になる。自動結線を安定化させるためには、カットワイヤに要求される特性としては上記の(d)(真直性に優れること)が特に重要になる。 (E) High discharge performance; machining progresses quickly and machining time can be shortened.
In particular, as an application in which wire electric discharge machining is frequently used, there is molding die machining. For example, when machining multiple punching dies with several machining points, the cut wire is automatically cut after the machining of one point is completed, and the cut wire is automatically connected to the other machining position. Then, a program for resuming machining is set up. In order to enable such unattended operation for a long time, it is important to stabilize the automatic connection. In order to stabilize the automatic connection, the above-mentioned (d) (excellent straightness) is particularly important as a characteristic required for the cut wire.
特に、ワイヤ放電加工が多用される用途として、成型用金型加工がある。たとえば、加工箇所が数か所にわたる多数個抜き金型を加工する場合、1箇所の加工が終わるとカットワイヤを自動的に切断し、別の加工位置へ移動するとともにカットワイヤを自動的に結線させて、加工を再開するプログラムが組まれる。このような長時間の無人運転を可能にするためには、自動結線を安定化させることが重要になる。自動結線を安定化させるためには、カットワイヤに要求される特性としては上記の(d)(真直性に優れること)が特に重要になる。 (E) High discharge performance; machining progresses quickly and machining time can be shortened.
In particular, as an application in which wire electric discharge machining is frequently used, there is molding die machining. For example, when machining multiple punching dies with several machining points, the cut wire is automatically cut after the machining of one point is completed, and the cut wire is automatically connected to the other machining position. Then, a program for resuming machining is set up. In order to enable such unattended operation for a long time, it is important to stabilize the automatic connection. In order to stabilize the automatic connection, the above-mentioned (d) (excellent straightness) is particularly important as a characteristic required for the cut wire.
特許文献1~4に開示されているように、タングステンを含む材料からなるカットワイヤについて、カットワイヤに要求される特性を改善する試みが多くなされている。
As disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4, many attempts have been made to improve the characteristics required of a cut wire made of a material containing tungsten.
しかし、特許文献1~4では、上記の(a)、(b)、(c)および(e)を改善するために必要な材料の組成について検討されているが、上記の(d)の改善については検討されていない。
However, Patent Documents 1 to 4 discuss the composition of the material necessary for improving the above (a), (b), (c) and (e). Has not been studied.
そこで、本発明の目的は、放電加工中に断線が生じ難く、かつ、従来の放電加工用電極線を用いた放電加工よりも自動結線を安定化させることが可能な放電加工用電極線を提供することである。
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode wire for electric discharge machining that is less likely to cause breakage during electric discharge machining and that can stabilize automatic connection more than electric discharge machining using a conventional electric discharge machining electrode wire. It is to be.
本発明に従った放電加工用電極線は、セリウム酸化物を0.5質量%以上0.7質量%以下、含み、残部がタングステンと不可避的不純物とからなり、温度20℃における抗張力が3400N/mm2以上であり、長さ500mmの当該放電加工用電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下長が470mmを超える。
The electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention contains 0.5% to 0.7% by mass of cerium oxide, the balance is made of tungsten and inevitable impurities, and the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. is 3400 N / and mm 2 or more, drooping length when hung down naturally the electrical discharge machining electrode wire length 500mm in the vertical direction exceeds 470 mm.
本発明の放電加工用電極線において、線径は30μm以上50μm以下であることが好ましい。
In the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention, the wire diameter is preferably 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
また、本発明の放電加工用電極線において、長さ500mmの当該放電加工用電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下幅は15mm以下であることが好ましい。
Further, in the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the present invention, it is preferable that the drooping width when the electric discharge machining electrode wire having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction is 15 mm or less.
さらに、本発明の放電加工用電極線において、温度400℃における抗張力は2700N/mm2以上であることが好ましい。
Furthermore, in the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. is preferably 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
本発明の放電加工用電極線を用いることにより、放電加工中に断線を生じ難くすることができるとともに、従来の放電加工用電極線を用いた放電加工よりも自動結線を安定化させることが可能になる。
By using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, it is possible to make disconnection less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and it is possible to stabilize automatic connection compared to electric discharge machining using a conventional electrode wire for electric discharge machining. become.
本願発明者らは、上記の課題を解決するために種々検討を重ねた結果、放電加工中に断線を生じ難くすることができるとともに、従来の放電加工用電極線を用いた放電加工よりも自動結線を安定化させるためには、放電加工用電極線の抗張力を高めるとともに真直性を良好にする必要があることを見出した。高い抗張力を有し、かつ真直性が良好な放電加工用電極線を得るためには、以下のように製造条件を変更して最適化する必要があることを見出した。
The inventors of the present invention have made various studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, breakage can be made less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and more automatic than conventional electric discharge machining using electric discharge machining electrode wires. It has been found that in order to stabilize the connection, it is necessary to increase the tensile strength and improve the straightness of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining. It has been found that in order to obtain an electric discharge machining electrode wire having high tensile strength and good straightness, it is necessary to optimize by changing the manufacturing conditions as follows.
(i)高い抗張力を得るために線引き加工を強加工に変更する。
(ii)強加工に伴って蓄積される線材のひずみを除去するために線引き加工の複数のダイスライン間で行われるアニール処理の温度と時間の条件等を変更する。 (I) In order to obtain a high tensile strength, the drawing process is changed to a strong process.
(Ii) The temperature and time conditions of the annealing process performed between a plurality of die lines in the drawing process are changed in order to remove the distortion of the wire accumulated due to the strong process.
(ii)強加工に伴って蓄積される線材のひずみを除去するために線引き加工の複数のダイスライン間で行われるアニール処理の温度と時間の条件等を変更する。 (I) In order to obtain a high tensile strength, the drawing process is changed to a strong process.
(Ii) The temperature and time conditions of the annealing process performed between a plurality of die lines in the drawing process are changed in order to remove the distortion of the wire accumulated due to the strong process.
(iii)線材の材料としてタングステン以外に含まれる金属酸化物をセリウム酸化物のみとし、その含有量を最適化する。
(Iii) The metal oxide contained other than tungsten as the material of the wire is made only of cerium oxide, and the content thereof is optimized.
(iv)最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理の温度を最適化する。
(Iv) The temperature of the final annealing treatment is optimized in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
なお、その他の要因として、線引き加工における歩留まり、線材の加工硬化と再結晶温度の相関関係、加工繊維組織等、放電加工電極線の特性に影響を及ぼすいくつかの重要な因子がある。これらの因子を鋭意最適化して、高い抗張力と良好な真直性を有する放電加工用電極線を実現した。
As other factors, there are several important factors that influence the characteristics of the electric discharge machining electrode wire, such as the yield in wire drawing, the correlation between the work hardening of the wire and the recrystallization temperature, and the processed fiber structure. By intensively optimizing these factors, an electric discharge machining electrode wire having high tensile strength and good straightness was realized.
その結果、得られた本発明の放電加工用電極線は、セリウム酸化物を0.5質量%以上0.7質量%以下、含み、残部がタングステンと不可避的不純物とからなり、温度20℃(室温)における抗張力が3400N/mm2以上であり、真直性が500mmの長さに対して470mm以上である。線径は30μm以上50μm以下であることが好ましい。自然垂下時の垂下幅は15mm以下であることが好ましい。温度400℃における抗張力は2700N/mm2以上であることが好ましい。
As a result, the obtained electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention contains cerium oxide in an amount of 0.5 mass% to 0.7 mass%, with the balance being tungsten and inevitable impurities at a temperature of 20 ° C ( The tensile strength at room temperature is 3400 N / mm 2 or more, and the straightness is 470 mm or more for a length of 500 mm. The wire diameter is preferably 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less. The drooping width during natural drooping is preferably 15 mm or less. The tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. is preferably 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
(抗張力)
純タングステンからなる線径が50μmの放電加工用電極線の温度20℃における抗張力は3000N/mm2程度である。電極線の抗張力が高い値であるほど、放電加工時に高い張力を電極線に加えることが可能であるが、ねじれが発生し、真直性が低下する。そこで、本発明の放電加工用電極線では、タングステンにセリウム酸化物を添加することにより、酸化物分散強化合金の効果によって温度20℃における抗張力を高めることができ、線径が30μmと50μmの電極線で、3400N/mm2以上の抗張力を実現することができた。 (tensile strength)
The tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. of an electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a wire diameter of 50 μm made of pure tungsten is about 3000 N / mm 2 . The higher the tensile strength of the electrode wire, the higher tension can be applied to the electrode wire during electric discharge machining, but twisting occurs and the straightness decreases. Therefore, in the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention, by adding cerium oxide to tungsten, the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. can be increased by the effect of the oxide dispersion strengthened alloy, and the electrode diameters are 30 μm and 50 μm. With the wire, a tensile strength of 3400 N / mm 2 or more could be realized.
純タングステンからなる線径が50μmの放電加工用電極線の温度20℃における抗張力は3000N/mm2程度である。電極線の抗張力が高い値であるほど、放電加工時に高い張力を電極線に加えることが可能であるが、ねじれが発生し、真直性が低下する。そこで、本発明の放電加工用電極線では、タングステンにセリウム酸化物を添加することにより、酸化物分散強化合金の効果によって温度20℃における抗張力を高めることができ、線径が30μmと50μmの電極線で、3400N/mm2以上の抗張力を実現することができた。 (tensile strength)
The tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. of an electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a wire diameter of 50 μm made of pure tungsten is about 3000 N / mm 2 . The higher the tensile strength of the electrode wire, the higher tension can be applied to the electrode wire during electric discharge machining, but twisting occurs and the straightness decreases. Therefore, in the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention, by adding cerium oxide to tungsten, the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. can be increased by the effect of the oxide dispersion strengthened alloy, and the electrode diameters are 30 μm and 50 μm. With the wire, a tensile strength of 3400 N / mm 2 or more could be realized.
400℃近傍の温度域は、放電加工時の電極線の実際の温度に最も近いと考えられる。この温度域における抗張力は、温度20℃における抗張力の値の約80%であることが知られており、本発明の放電加工用電極線の温度400℃における抗張力は2700N/mm2以上である。
The temperature range near 400 ° C. is considered to be the closest to the actual temperature of the electrode wire during electric discharge machining. The tensile strength in this temperature range is known to be about 80% of the tensile strength value at a temperature of 20 ° C., and the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention is 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
なお、抗張力の測定方法は、タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠する。
The tensile strength measurement method conforms to the Tungsten and Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten / molybdenum wire and rod test method).
(真直性)
(自然垂下長)
真直性を有する線は「長さ500mmの線の自然垂下長が450mm以上でなければならない」とタングステン・モリブデン工業会規格TMIAS1201:2010「タングステン線及び棒」で規定されている。本発明の放電加工用電極線において、長さ500mmの電極線の自然垂下長が470mmを超えるということは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に鉛直方向に平行に延びる線材の長さ(自然垂下長)が470mmを超えることである。 (Straightness)
(Natural drooping length)
A straight line is defined in the tungsten-molybdenum industry association standard TMIAS1201: 2010 “Tungsten wire and rod” that the natural droop length of a 500 mm long wire must be 450 mm or more. In the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention, the natural drooping length of the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm exceeds 470 mm, which means that when the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction, it extends parallel to the vertical direction. The length of the wire (natural drooping length) exceeds 470 mm.
(自然垂下長)
真直性を有する線は「長さ500mmの線の自然垂下長が450mm以上でなければならない」とタングステン・モリブデン工業会規格TMIAS1201:2010「タングステン線及び棒」で規定されている。本発明の放電加工用電極線において、長さ500mmの電極線の自然垂下長が470mmを超えるということは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に鉛直方向に平行に延びる線材の長さ(自然垂下長)が470mmを超えることである。 (Straightness)
(Natural drooping length)
A straight line is defined in the tungsten-molybdenum industry association standard TMIAS1201: 2010 “Tungsten wire and rod” that the natural droop length of a 500 mm long wire must be 450 mm or more. In the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention, the natural drooping length of the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm exceeds 470 mm, which means that when the electrode wire having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction, it extends parallel to the vertical direction. The length of the wire (natural drooping length) exceeds 470 mm.
なお、真直性の測定方法は、タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠する。
The straightness measurement method conforms to the Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method).
(垂下幅)
垂下幅の測定は、真直性(自然垂下長)の測定時に同時に測定することができる。長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下幅とは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に最下方に位置する先端縁が鉛直線から外れている距離の最大値(最大振れ幅)をいう。電極線の背後に配置された方眼紙によって垂下幅を1mm単位で読み取る。 (Sagging width)
The measurement of the drooping width can be performed simultaneously with the measurement of straightness (natural drooping length). The drooping width when a 500 mm long electrode wire is naturally hung in the vertical direction means that the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviates from the vertical line when the 500 mm long electrode wire is hung naturally in the vertical direction. This is the maximum distance (maximum runout width). The drooping width is read in units of 1 mm using graph paper placed behind the electrode lines.
垂下幅の測定は、真直性(自然垂下長)の測定時に同時に測定することができる。長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下幅とは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に最下方に位置する先端縁が鉛直線から外れている距離の最大値(最大振れ幅)をいう。電極線の背後に配置された方眼紙によって垂下幅を1mm単位で読み取る。 (Sagging width)
The measurement of the drooping width can be performed simultaneously with the measurement of straightness (natural drooping length). The drooping width when a 500 mm long electrode wire is naturally hung in the vertical direction means that the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviates from the vertical line when the 500 mm long electrode wire is hung naturally in the vertical direction. This is the maximum distance (maximum runout width). The drooping width is read in units of 1 mm using graph paper placed behind the electrode lines.
(線径)
ワイヤ放電加工機で多用されている真鍮製の放電加工用電極線の最小線径は70μmである(株式会社ソディック製ワイヤ放電加工機の場合)。タングステン含有材料からなる放電加工用電極線は、より一層の精細な加工が必要な場合に使用される例が多く、線径が30μm、50μmのものが用いられている。本発明の放電加工用電極線では、高い抗張力と良好な真直性とを兼ね備えるには、線径は30μm以上50μm以下であることが好ましい。 (Wire diameter)
The minimum wire diameter of the brass electric discharge machining electrode wire frequently used in the wire electric discharge machine is 70 μm (in the case of a wire electric discharge machine manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.). The electrode wire for electric discharge machining made of a tungsten-containing material is often used when further fine machining is necessary, and wire diameters of 30 μm and 50 μm are used. In the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, the wire diameter is preferably 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less in order to have both high tensile strength and good straightness.
ワイヤ放電加工機で多用されている真鍮製の放電加工用電極線の最小線径は70μmである(株式会社ソディック製ワイヤ放電加工機の場合)。タングステン含有材料からなる放電加工用電極線は、より一層の精細な加工が必要な場合に使用される例が多く、線径が30μm、50μmのものが用いられている。本発明の放電加工用電極線では、高い抗張力と良好な真直性とを兼ね備えるには、線径は30μm以上50μm以下であることが好ましい。 (Wire diameter)
The minimum wire diameter of the brass electric discharge machining electrode wire frequently used in the wire electric discharge machine is 70 μm (in the case of a wire electric discharge machine manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.). The electrode wire for electric discharge machining made of a tungsten-containing material is often used when further fine machining is necessary, and wire diameters of 30 μm and 50 μm are used. In the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, the wire diameter is preferably 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less in order to have both high tensile strength and good straightness.
(セリウム酸化物の含有量)
セリウム酸化物は、放電加工用電極線の室温(20℃)と高温(400℃)での抗張力を向上させるとともに、放電加工時の放電特性を向上させるために、タングステンに添加される。セリウム酸化物の含有量が0.5質量%未満であると、温度20℃において3400N/mm2以上の抗張力を実現することができない。セリウム酸化物の含有量が0.7質量%を超えると、抗張力を高めることができるが、良好な真直性を保持するためのアニール処理の条件を調整することが困難になるだけでなく、線引き加工における歩留まりを低下する。 (Cerium oxide content)
Cerium oxide is added to tungsten in order to improve the tensile strength at room temperature (20 ° C.) and high temperature (400 ° C.) of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining and to improve discharge characteristics during electric discharge machining. When the content of cerium oxide is less than 0.5% by mass, a tensile strength of 3400 N / mm 2 or more cannot be realized at a temperature of 20 ° C. When the content of cerium oxide exceeds 0.7% by mass, the tensile strength can be increased, but not only is it difficult to adjust the conditions for the annealing treatment to maintain good straightness, but also drawing is performed. Reduces yield in processing.
セリウム酸化物は、放電加工用電極線の室温(20℃)と高温(400℃)での抗張力を向上させるとともに、放電加工時の放電特性を向上させるために、タングステンに添加される。セリウム酸化物の含有量が0.5質量%未満であると、温度20℃において3400N/mm2以上の抗張力を実現することができない。セリウム酸化物の含有量が0.7質量%を超えると、抗張力を高めることができるが、良好な真直性を保持するためのアニール処理の条件を調整することが困難になるだけでなく、線引き加工における歩留まりを低下する。 (Cerium oxide content)
Cerium oxide is added to tungsten in order to improve the tensile strength at room temperature (20 ° C.) and high temperature (400 ° C.) of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining and to improve discharge characteristics during electric discharge machining. When the content of cerium oxide is less than 0.5% by mass, a tensile strength of 3400 N / mm 2 or more cannot be realized at a temperature of 20 ° C. When the content of cerium oxide exceeds 0.7% by mass, the tensile strength can be increased, but not only is it difficult to adjust the conditions for the annealing treatment to maintain good straightness, but also drawing is performed. Reduces yield in processing.
なお、セリウム酸化物の含有量を測定するためのセリウム分析方法はタングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0001:2010(タングステン及びモリブデン分析方法)に準拠する。
In addition, the cerium analysis method for measuring the content of cerium oxide conforms to the Tungsten and Molybdenum Industry Association standard TMIAS0001: 2010 (tungsten and molybdenum analysis method).
なお、本発明の放電加工用電極線は、線引き加工を用いて次のようにして製造される。線引き加工を用いた製造方法は、粉末の準備、混合工程、成形工程、焼結工程、転打工程、および、線引き工程からなる。各工程の詳細は以下のとおりである。
In addition, the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention is manufactured as follows using wire drawing. The manufacturing method using the drawing process includes a powder preparation, a mixing process, a forming process, a sintering process, a rolling process, and a drawing process. Details of each step are as follows.
(粉末の準備)
タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とを準備する。後工程である混合工程にてタングステン粉末中の不純物がセリウム酸化物と反応して脆弱な化合物を生成する恐れがあるため、タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末の純度は高い方が好ましい。また、後工程である成形工程でのプレス成形性を考慮すると、タングステン粉末の平均粒径は2μm以上3μm以下の範囲であることが好ましい。セリウム酸化物粉末の平均粒径は、セリウム酸化物のタングステン中への均一な分散を促進するために、タングステン粉末の平均粒径よりも小さい方が好ましい。 (Preparation of powder)
A tungsten powder and a cerium oxide powder are prepared. Since the impurities in the tungsten powder may react with the cerium oxide in the subsequent mixing step to generate a fragile compound, it is preferable that the purity of the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder is high. In consideration of press formability in the forming step, which is a subsequent step, the average particle size of the tungsten powder is preferably in the range of 2 μm to 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the cerium oxide powder is preferably smaller than the average particle diameter of the tungsten powder in order to promote uniform dispersion of the cerium oxide in tungsten.
タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とを準備する。後工程である混合工程にてタングステン粉末中の不純物がセリウム酸化物と反応して脆弱な化合物を生成する恐れがあるため、タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末の純度は高い方が好ましい。また、後工程である成形工程でのプレス成形性を考慮すると、タングステン粉末の平均粒径は2μm以上3μm以下の範囲であることが好ましい。セリウム酸化物粉末の平均粒径は、セリウム酸化物のタングステン中への均一な分散を促進するために、タングステン粉末の平均粒径よりも小さい方が好ましい。 (Preparation of powder)
A tungsten powder and a cerium oxide powder are prepared. Since the impurities in the tungsten powder may react with the cerium oxide in the subsequent mixing step to generate a fragile compound, it is preferable that the purity of the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder is high. In consideration of press formability in the forming step, which is a subsequent step, the average particle size of the tungsten powder is preferably in the range of 2 μm to 3 μm. The average particle diameter of the cerium oxide powder is preferably smaller than the average particle diameter of the tungsten powder in order to promote uniform dispersion of the cerium oxide in tungsten.
(混合工程)
タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とを混合することにより、混合粉末を得る。混合は、たとえば、V型ミキサー、ロッキングミキサー等の混合機を用いて行われる。なお、タングステン粉末に添加したセリウム酸化物粉末の一部は後工程である焼結工程で揮散するため、その揮散量を見込んで、セリウム酸化物粉末のタングステン粉末への添加量を決定する。 (Mixing process)
A mixed powder is obtained by mixing the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder. Mixing is performed using mixers, such as a V-type mixer and a rocking mixer, for example. Since a part of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is volatilized in the subsequent sintering step, the amount of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is determined in view of the volatilization amount.
タングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とを混合することにより、混合粉末を得る。混合は、たとえば、V型ミキサー、ロッキングミキサー等の混合機を用いて行われる。なお、タングステン粉末に添加したセリウム酸化物粉末の一部は後工程である焼結工程で揮散するため、その揮散量を見込んで、セリウム酸化物粉末のタングステン粉末への添加量を決定する。 (Mixing process)
A mixed powder is obtained by mixing the tungsten powder and the cerium oxide powder. Mixing is performed using mixers, such as a V-type mixer and a rocking mixer, for example. Since a part of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is volatilized in the subsequent sintering step, the amount of the cerium oxide powder added to the tungsten powder is determined in view of the volatilization amount.
(成形工程)
混合粉末を成形用金型に装入し、混合粉末に圧力を加えることにより、所定の形状の、たとえば、角棒状の粉末成形体を得る。 (Molding process)
The mixed powder is charged into a molding die and a pressure is applied to the mixed powder to obtain a powder molded body having a predetermined shape, for example, a square bar shape.
混合粉末を成形用金型に装入し、混合粉末に圧力を加えることにより、所定の形状の、たとえば、角棒状の粉末成形体を得る。 (Molding process)
The mixed powder is charged into a molding die and a pressure is applied to the mixed powder to obtain a powder molded body having a predetermined shape, for example, a square bar shape.
(焼結工程)
粉末成形体を水素ガス雰囲気中で、相対的に低い温度で所定時間、たとえば、1250℃の温度で30分間保持することにより、仮焼結体を得る。この仮焼結体を水素ガス雰囲気中で段階的に温度を上昇させながら、たとえば、1850℃から2800℃まで温度を上昇させながら、所定時間、たとえば、3~15分間、保持することにより、焼結体を得る。 (Sintering process)
By holding the powder compact in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a relatively low temperature for a predetermined time, for example, at a temperature of 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes, a temporary sintered body is obtained. The preliminary sintered body is maintained in a hydrogen gas atmosphere by raising the temperature stepwise, for example, by holding the pre-sintered body for a predetermined time, for example, 3 to 15 minutes, while increasing the temperature from 1850 ° C. to 2800 ° C. Get a tie.
粉末成形体を水素ガス雰囲気中で、相対的に低い温度で所定時間、たとえば、1250℃の温度で30分間保持することにより、仮焼結体を得る。この仮焼結体を水素ガス雰囲気中で段階的に温度を上昇させながら、たとえば、1850℃から2800℃まで温度を上昇させながら、所定時間、たとえば、3~15分間、保持することにより、焼結体を得る。 (Sintering process)
By holding the powder compact in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a relatively low temperature for a predetermined time, for example, at a temperature of 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes, a temporary sintered body is obtained. The preliminary sintered body is maintained in a hydrogen gas atmosphere by raising the temperature stepwise, for example, by holding the pre-sintered body for a predetermined time, for example, 3 to 15 minutes, while increasing the temperature from 1850 ° C. to 2800 ° C. Get a tie.
(転打工程)
焼結体に熱間で転打加工を繰り返して施すことにより、後工程であるダイスを用いた線引き加工によって伸線可能な形状に伸展させる。具体的には、焼結体を、たとえば、1500℃の温度の水素ガス雰囲気炉内に装入して加熱した状態で転打加工を行い、その後、アニール処理を行う。この転打加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、伸展材を得る。 (Turning process)
By repeatedly performing hot rolling on the sintered body, the sintered body is stretched into a shape that can be drawn by drawing using a die, which is a subsequent process. Specifically, for example, the sintered body is subjected to a rolling process in a state where it is charged and heated in a hydrogen gas atmosphere furnace having a temperature of 1500 ° C., and then an annealing process is performed. The stretched material is obtained by repeating this rolling process and annealing process.
焼結体に熱間で転打加工を繰り返して施すことにより、後工程であるダイスを用いた線引き加工によって伸線可能な形状に伸展させる。具体的には、焼結体を、たとえば、1500℃の温度の水素ガス雰囲気炉内に装入して加熱した状態で転打加工を行い、その後、アニール処理を行う。この転打加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、伸展材を得る。 (Turning process)
By repeatedly performing hot rolling on the sintered body, the sintered body is stretched into a shape that can be drawn by drawing using a die, which is a subsequent process. Specifically, for example, the sintered body is subjected to a rolling process in a state where it is charged and heated in a hydrogen gas atmosphere furnace having a temperature of 1500 ° C., and then an annealing process is performed. The stretched material is obtained by repeating this rolling process and annealing process.
(線引き工程)
伸展材に線引き加工を繰り返して施すことにより、所定の線径の放電加工用電極線を得る。具体的に、伸展材に対して所定の数の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行う。各線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行う。この線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、線材を得る。最終の線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行い、電解研磨を行った後、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理を行う。 (Drawing process)
An electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a predetermined wire diameter is obtained by repeatedly drawing the stretched material. Specifically, the drawing is performed by gradually reducing the cross section of the wire using a predetermined number of drawing dies on the stretched material. After the drawing process using each drawing die, an annealing process is performed. A wire rod is obtained by repeating this drawing process and annealing process. After the drawing process using the final drawing die, an annealing process is performed, and after electropolishing, a final annealing process is performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
伸展材に線引き加工を繰り返して施すことにより、所定の線径の放電加工用電極線を得る。具体的に、伸展材に対して所定の数の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行う。各線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行う。この線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、線材を得る。最終の線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行い、電解研磨を行った後、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理を行う。 (Drawing process)
An electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a predetermined wire diameter is obtained by repeatedly drawing the stretched material. Specifically, the drawing is performed by gradually reducing the cross section of the wire using a predetermined number of drawing dies on the stretched material. After the drawing process using each drawing die, an annealing process is performed. A wire rod is obtained by repeating this drawing process and annealing process. After the drawing process using the final drawing die, an annealing process is performed, and after electropolishing, a final annealing process is performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire.
本発明では、高い抗張力を得るために、従来よりも線引きダイスの数を減らして線引き加工を強加工に変更する。また、本発明では、強加工に伴って蓄積される線材のひずみを除去するために、線引き加工の複数のダイスライン間で行われるアニール処理の温度を従来よりも高くする。さらに、本発明では、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理の温度を従来よりも高くする。
In the present invention, in order to obtain a high tensile strength, the number of drawing dies is reduced as compared with the conventional one, and the drawing process is changed to a strong process. Further, in the present invention, in order to remove the strain of the wire accumulated due to the strong processing, the temperature of the annealing process performed between the plurality of die lines in the drawing process is made higher than before. Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire, the temperature of the final annealing treatment is set higher than before.
以上のようにして、本発明の放電加工用電極線が製造される。
As described above, the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention is manufactured.
以下で説明されるようにして、実施例と比較例で用いられる放電加工用電極線としてタングステン合金線を作製した。
As described below, a tungsten alloy wire was produced as an electrode wire for electric discharge machining used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
(粉末の準備)
純度が99.99%以上で平均粒径が2.4μm(Fsss粒度測定法による)のタングステン粉末と、純度が99.99%のセリウム酸化物粉末(BET比表面積測定法で、比表面積が6.5m2/g)とを準備した。 (Preparation of powder)
Tungsten powder having a purity of 99.99% or more and an average particle size of 2.4 μm (according to Fsss particle size measurement method) and a cerium oxide powder having a purity of 99.99% (specific surface area of 6 by BET specific surface area measurement method) 0.5 m 2 / g).
純度が99.99%以上で平均粒径が2.4μm(Fsss粒度測定法による)のタングステン粉末と、純度が99.99%のセリウム酸化物粉末(BET比表面積測定法で、比表面積が6.5m2/g)とを準備した。 (Preparation of powder)
Tungsten powder having a purity of 99.99% or more and an average particle size of 2.4 μm (according to Fsss particle size measurement method) and a cerium oxide powder having a purity of 99.99% (specific surface area of 6 by BET specific surface area measurement method) 0.5 m 2 / g).
(混合工程)
上記で準備されたタングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とをV型ミキサーを用いて3時間混合することにより、混合粉末を得た。3kgのタングステン粉末に対して、それぞれ、0.45、0.55、0.67、0.78、0.89および1.1質量%の割合でセリウム酸化物を添加して混合することにより、6種類の組成の混合粉末を作製した。 (Mixing process)
The mixed powder was obtained by mixing the tungsten powder prepared above and the cerium oxide powder for 3 hours using a V-type mixer. By adding and mixing cerium oxide in proportions of 0.45, 0.55, 0.67, 0.78, 0.89 and 1.1% by mass to 3 kg of tungsten powder, Mixed powders of six types of compositions were produced.
上記で準備されたタングステン粉末とセリウム酸化物粉末とをV型ミキサーを用いて3時間混合することにより、混合粉末を得た。3kgのタングステン粉末に対して、それぞれ、0.45、0.55、0.67、0.78、0.89および1.1質量%の割合でセリウム酸化物を添加して混合することにより、6種類の組成の混合粉末を作製した。 (Mixing process)
The mixed powder was obtained by mixing the tungsten powder prepared above and the cerium oxide powder for 3 hours using a V-type mixer. By adding and mixing cerium oxide in proportions of 0.45, 0.55, 0.67, 0.78, 0.89 and 1.1% by mass to 3 kg of tungsten powder, Mixed powders of six types of compositions were produced.
(成形工程)
上記で得られた6種類の組成の混合粉末のそれぞれを成形用金型に装入し、混合粉末に5000kgf/cm2(約490Mpa)の圧力を加えることにより、6種類の角棒状の粉末成形体を作製した
(焼結工程)
上記で得られた6種類の組成の角棒状の粉末成形体を水素ガス雰囲気中にて1250℃の温度で30分間加熱保持することにより、仮焼結体を作製した。このように仮焼結体を作製することにより、強度を向上させて、取り扱い時に破損が生じないようにした。 (Molding process)
Each of the 6 kinds of mixed powder obtained above is charged into a molding die, and a pressure of 5000 kgf / cm 2 (about 490 Mpa) is applied to the mixed powder, thereby forming 6 kinds of square rod-shaped powder molding. The body was made (sintering process)
The preliminarily sintered body was prepared by heating and holding the above-obtained square rod-shaped powder compacts having the six compositions obtained above at a temperature of 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes in a hydrogen gas atmosphere. Thus, by preparing a temporary sintered body, the strength was improved so that no breakage occurred during handling.
上記で得られた6種類の組成の混合粉末のそれぞれを成形用金型に装入し、混合粉末に5000kgf/cm2(約490Mpa)の圧力を加えることにより、6種類の角棒状の粉末成形体を作製した
(焼結工程)
上記で得られた6種類の組成の角棒状の粉末成形体を水素ガス雰囲気中にて1250℃の温度で30分間加熱保持することにより、仮焼結体を作製した。このように仮焼結体を作製することにより、強度を向上させて、取り扱い時に破損が生じないようにした。 (Molding process)
Each of the 6 kinds of mixed powder obtained above is charged into a molding die, and a pressure of 5000 kgf / cm 2 (about 490 Mpa) is applied to the mixed powder, thereby forming 6 kinds of square rod-shaped powder molding. The body was made (sintering process)
The preliminarily sintered body was prepared by heating and holding the above-obtained square rod-shaped powder compacts having the six compositions obtained above at a temperature of 1250 ° C. for 30 minutes in a hydrogen gas atmosphere. Thus, by preparing a temporary sintered body, the strength was improved so that no breakage occurred during handling.
次に、この仮焼結体を水素ガス雰囲気の焼結炉内で、3段階の加熱処理を行った。
まず、第1段階の加熱処理では、仮焼結体を1分間で1850℃まで昇温させた後、1850℃の温度にて3分間保持した。この加熱処理温度は、セリウム酸化物の融点よりもかなり低いので、第1段階の加熱処理では、仮焼結体中の不純物を気化させることにより、純度を高めることができる。次に、第2段階の加熱処理では、上記の仮焼結体を1分間で1850℃から2300℃まで昇温させた後、2300℃の温度で10分間保持した。そして、最終段階の加熱処理では、上記の仮焼結体を1分間で2300℃から2800℃まで昇温させた後、2800℃の温度で15分間保持した。この保持時間が終了した後で焼結体を焼結炉内において冷却し、炉外へ取り出した。 Next, this temporary sintered body was subjected to a three-stage heat treatment in a sintering furnace in a hydrogen gas atmosphere.
First, in the first heat treatment, the temperature of the temporary sintered body was raised to 1850 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 1850 ° C. for 3 minutes. Since this heat treatment temperature is considerably lower than the melting point of cerium oxide, in the first stage heat treatment, the purity can be increased by vaporizing impurities in the temporary sintered body. Next, in the second stage heat treatment, the temperature of the pre-sintered body was raised from 1850 ° C. to 2300 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2300 ° C. for 10 minutes. In the final heat treatment, the presintered body was heated from 2300 ° C. to 2800 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2800 ° C. for 15 minutes. After this holding time was completed, the sintered body was cooled in a sintering furnace and taken out of the furnace.
まず、第1段階の加熱処理では、仮焼結体を1分間で1850℃まで昇温させた後、1850℃の温度にて3分間保持した。この加熱処理温度は、セリウム酸化物の融点よりもかなり低いので、第1段階の加熱処理では、仮焼結体中の不純物を気化させることにより、純度を高めることができる。次に、第2段階の加熱処理では、上記の仮焼結体を1分間で1850℃から2300℃まで昇温させた後、2300℃の温度で10分間保持した。そして、最終段階の加熱処理では、上記の仮焼結体を1分間で2300℃から2800℃まで昇温させた後、2800℃の温度で15分間保持した。この保持時間が終了した後で焼結体を焼結炉内において冷却し、炉外へ取り出した。 Next, this temporary sintered body was subjected to a three-stage heat treatment in a sintering furnace in a hydrogen gas atmosphere.
First, in the first heat treatment, the temperature of the temporary sintered body was raised to 1850 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 1850 ° C. for 3 minutes. Since this heat treatment temperature is considerably lower than the melting point of cerium oxide, in the first stage heat treatment, the purity can be increased by vaporizing impurities in the temporary sintered body. Next, in the second stage heat treatment, the temperature of the pre-sintered body was raised from 1850 ° C. to 2300 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2300 ° C. for 10 minutes. In the final heat treatment, the presintered body was heated from 2300 ° C. to 2800 ° C. in 1 minute and then held at a temperature of 2800 ° C. for 15 minutes. After this holding time was completed, the sintered body was cooled in a sintering furnace and taken out of the furnace.
得られた6種類の焼結体は寸法13mm×13mm×950mmの角棒状で、アルキメデス法によって測定された密度は6種類ともに理論値の93%であった。6種類の焼結体中のセリウム酸化物含有量を化学定量分析(1分析試料につき測定数:n=2)した。その結果、焼結体中のセリウム酸化物含有量は、混合工程でタングステン粉末に添加したセリウム酸化物の添加量に対して約90%の値であった。なお、後工程である転打工程と線引き工程によって得られた線径が150μmの線材についても化学定量分析した結果、線材中のセリウム酸化物含有量は、焼結体中のセリウム酸化物含有量と同じ値であった。これらの結果を以下の表1に示す
The obtained 6 types of sintered bodies were in the form of square bars having dimensions of 13 mm × 13 mm × 950 mm, and the density measured by Archimedes method was 93% of the theoretical value. The cerium oxide content in the six types of sintered bodies was subjected to chemical quantitative analysis (number of measurements per analysis sample: n = 2). As a result, the cerium oxide content in the sintered body was about 90% of the amount of cerium oxide added to the tungsten powder in the mixing step. As a result of chemical quantitative analysis of a wire rod having a wire diameter of 150 μm obtained by the subsequent rolling step and the drawing step, the cerium oxide content in the wire is the cerium oxide content in the sintered body. It was the same value. These results are shown in Table 1 below.
(転打工程)
上記で得られた6種類の組成の焼結体を1500℃の温度の水素ガス雰囲気炉内に装入して加熱した状態で転打加工を行い、その後、アニール処理を行った。この転打加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して3回行うことにより、伸展材を作製した。アニール温度は伸展材の直径の減少に伴って1300℃から1000℃へと順次低くした。 (Turning process)
The sintered bodies having the six kinds of compositions obtained above were charged in a hydrogen gas atmosphere furnace having a temperature of 1500 ° C. and heated, and then annealed. An extension material was produced by repeating this rolling process and annealing process three times. The annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 1300 ° C. to 1000 ° C. as the diameter of the extension material decreased.
上記で得られた6種類の組成の焼結体を1500℃の温度の水素ガス雰囲気炉内に装入して加熱した状態で転打加工を行い、その後、アニール処理を行った。この転打加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して3回行うことにより、伸展材を作製した。アニール温度は伸展材の直径の減少に伴って1300℃から1000℃へと順次低くした。 (Turning process)
The sintered bodies having the six kinds of compositions obtained above were charged in a hydrogen gas atmosphere furnace having a temperature of 1500 ° C. and heated, and then annealed. An extension material was produced by repeating this rolling process and annealing process three times. The annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 1300 ° C. to 1000 ° C. as the diameter of the extension material decreased.
(線引き工程)
まず、上記で得られた6種類の組成の伸展材に線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して2回行うことにより、線径が240μmの線材を作製した。アニール温度は線引きダイスの大きさの減少に伴って1000℃から850℃へと順次低くした。 (Drawing process)
First, a wire rod having a wire diameter of 240 μm was prepared by repeating the drawing process and the annealing treatment twice for the extension materials having the six types of compositions obtained above. The annealing temperature was gradually lowered from 1000 ° C. to 850 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased.
まず、上記で得られた6種類の組成の伸展材に線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して2回行うことにより、線径が240μmの線材を作製した。アニール温度は線引きダイスの大きさの減少に伴って1000℃から850℃へと順次低くした。 (Drawing process)
First, a wire rod having a wire diameter of 240 μm was prepared by repeating the drawing process and the annealing treatment twice for the extension materials having the six types of compositions obtained above. The annealing temperature was gradually lowered from 1000 ° C. to 850 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased.
次に、上記で得られた6種類の組成の線径が240μmの線材にさらに線引き加工を繰り返して施すことにより、線径が50μmと30μmの放電加工用電極線の実施例と比較例の試料を作製した。
Next, the wire rods having the wire diameters of 240 μm with the six kinds of compositions obtained above are further subjected to wire drawing processing, whereby the examples of the electric discharge machining electrode wires having the wire diameters of 50 μm and 30 μm and the samples of the comparative examples Was made.
実施例の試料では、具体的には、線径が50μmの放電加工用電極線を作製するために、線径が240μmの線材に対して17段の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行った。各線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行った。この線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、線径が50μmの線材を得た。アニール温度は線引きダイスの大きさの減少に伴って850℃から700℃へと順次低くした。最終の線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行い、線引き加工後の表面の酸化被膜と断線を誘発する表面欠陥とを除去するために電解研磨を行った。その後、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理を行った。最終アニール温度は630℃~650℃の範囲内であった。なお、線径が30μmの放電加工用電極線を作製するための工程は、線径が240μmの線材に対して23段の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行ったこと以外は上記と同様であった。
Specifically, in the sample of the example, in order to fabricate an electrode wire for electric discharge machining with a wire diameter of 50 μm, a cross section of the wire step by step using a 17-stage drawing die for a wire with a wire diameter of 240 μm. The line drawing process was performed with a decrease. Annealing was performed after the drawing process using each drawing die. A wire rod having a wire diameter of 50 μm was obtained by repeating this drawing and annealing. The annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 850 ° C. to 700 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased. After the drawing process using the final drawing die, an annealing process was performed, and electropolishing was performed to remove the oxide film on the surface after the drawing process and surface defects that induced disconnection. Thereafter, a final annealing treatment was performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire. The final annealing temperature was in the range of 630 ° C to 650 ° C. In addition, the process for producing the electrode wire for electric discharge machining with a wire diameter of 30 μm is performed by reducing the cross section of the wire material step by step using a 23-stage drawing die for the wire material with a wire diameter of 240 μm. Same as above except that it was done.
比較例の試料では、具体的には、線径が50μmの放電加工用電極線を作製するために、線径が240μmの線材に対して19段の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行った。各線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行った。この線引き加工とアニール処理とを繰り返して行うことにより、線径が50μmの線材を得た。アニール温度は線引きダイスの大きさの減少に伴って820℃から650℃へと順次低くした。最終の線引きダイスを用いた線引き加工の後、アニール処理を行い、線引き加工後の表面の酸化被膜と断線を誘発する表面欠陥とを除去するために電解研磨を行った。その後、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理を行った。最終アニール温度は約600℃であった。なお、線径が30μmの放電加工用電極線を作製するための工程は、線径が240μmの線材に対して26段の線引きダイスを用いて段階的に線材の断面を減少させて線引き加工を行ったこと以外は上記と同様であった。
Specifically, in the sample of the comparative example, in order to fabricate an electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a wire diameter of 50 μm, a cross section of the wire is stepwise using a 19-stage drawing die for a wire having a wire diameter of 240 μm. The line drawing process was performed with a decrease. Annealing was performed after the drawing process using each drawing die. A wire rod having a wire diameter of 50 μm was obtained by repeating this drawing and annealing. The annealing temperature was gradually decreased from 820 ° C. to 650 ° C. as the drawing die size decreased. After the drawing process using the final drawing die, an annealing process was performed, and electropolishing was performed to remove the oxide film on the surface after the drawing process and surface defects that induced disconnection. Thereafter, a final annealing treatment was performed in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire. The final annealing temperature was about 600 ° C. In addition, the process for producing the electrode wire for electric discharge machining with a wire diameter of 30 μm is performed by reducing the cross section of the wire step by step using a 26-step drawing die for a wire rod with a wire diameter of 240 μm. Same as above except that it was done.
本発明の実施例では、高い抗張力を得るために、比較例よりも線引きダイスの数を19から17へ、26から23へ減らして線引き加工を強加工に変更した。また、本発明の実施例では、強加工に伴って蓄積される線材のひずみを除去するために、線引き加工の複数のダイスライン間で行われるアニール処理の温度を、820℃から650℃までの範囲内から850℃から700℃までの範囲内へと比較例よりも高くした。さらに、本発明の実施例では、最終的に得られる線材の真直性を良好にするために、最終アニール処理の温度を約600℃から630℃~650℃の範囲へと比較例よりも高くした。
In the examples of the present invention, in order to obtain a high tensile strength, the number of drawing dies was reduced from 19 to 17 and from 26 to 23 compared to the comparative example, and the drawing process was changed to a strong process. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to remove the distortion of the wire accumulated due to the strong processing, the temperature of the annealing process performed between the plurality of die lines in the drawing process is set to 820 ° C. to 650 ° C. It was higher than the comparative example from the range to 850 ° C. to 700 ° C. Furthermore, in the examples of the present invention, in order to improve the straightness of the finally obtained wire, the temperature of the final annealing treatment was increased from about 600 ° C. to a range of 630 ° C. to 650 ° C. compared to the comparative example. .
以上のようにして得られた6種類の組成(セリウム酸化物含有量が0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8および1.0質量%)での実施例と比較例の放電加工用電極線(線径が30μmと50μm)について、次に示す測定方法で20℃(室温)と400℃における抗張力と真直性を測定した。その結果を以下の表2に示す。
Examples with 6 types of compositions (cerium oxide content 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 1.0 mass%) obtained as described above and The tensile strength and straightness at 20 ° C. (room temperature) and 400 ° C. of the electrode wire for electric discharge machining (wire diameters of 30 μm and 50 μm) of the comparative example were measured by the following measuring method. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
(抗張力の測定)
タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠して、評点間距離を200mmとした引張試験片を作製し、各温度で引張速度を0.1mm/分として抗張力を測定した。 (Measurement of tensile strength)
In accordance with Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method), tensile test specimens with a distance between grades of 200 mm were prepared, and the tensile speed was 0.1 mm / min at each temperature. The tensile strength was measured as
タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠して、評点間距離を200mmとした引張試験片を作製し、各温度で引張速度を0.1mm/分として抗張力を測定した。 (Measurement of tensile strength)
In accordance with Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method), tensile test specimens with a distance between grades of 200 mm were prepared, and the tensile speed was 0.1 mm / min at each temperature. The tensile strength was measured as
(真直性の測定)
タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠して、長さ500mmの電極線の自然垂下長が470mmを超えるということは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に鉛直方向に平行に延びる線材の長さを測定し、自然垂下長とした。また、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に最下方に位置する先端縁が鉛直線から外れている距離の最大値(最大振れ幅)を測定し、垂下幅とした。 (Measurement of straightness)
In accordance with Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method), the length of natural droop of a 500 mm long electrode wire exceeds 470 mm. The length of the wire extending in parallel to the vertical direction when measured naturally in the vertical direction was measured and defined as the natural droop length. In addition, when an electrode wire having a length of 500 mm was naturally suspended in the vertical direction, the maximum value (maximum deflection width) of the distance at which the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviated from the vertical line was measured and defined as the drooping width.
タングステン・モリブデン工業会規格 TMIAS0201:2010(タングステン・モリブデン線及び棒の試験方法)に準拠して、長さ500mmの電極線の自然垂下長が470mmを超えるということは、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に鉛直方向に平行に延びる線材の長さを測定し、自然垂下長とした。また、長さ500mmの電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合に最下方に位置する先端縁が鉛直線から外れている距離の最大値(最大振れ幅)を測定し、垂下幅とした。 (Measurement of straightness)
In accordance with Tungsten-Molybdenum Industry Association Standard TMIAS0201: 2010 (tungsten-molybdenum wire and rod test method), the length of natural droop of a 500 mm long electrode wire exceeds 470 mm. The length of the wire extending in parallel to the vertical direction when measured naturally in the vertical direction was measured and defined as the natural droop length. In addition, when an electrode wire having a length of 500 mm was naturally suspended in the vertical direction, the maximum value (maximum deflection width) of the distance at which the tip edge located at the lowermost position deviated from the vertical line was measured and defined as the drooping width.
表2から、セリウム酸化物含有量が0.5質量%~1.0質量%の実施例の放電加工用電極線は、20℃の温度において、線径が30μmでは3400N/mm2以上3800N/mm2以下の抗張力を有し、線径が50μmでは3400N/mm2以上3500N/mm2以下の抗張力を有していることがわかる。しかし、セリウム酸化物含有量が0.4質量%の実施例の放電加工用電極線は、20℃の温度において、線径が30μmでは3300N/mm2の抗張力を有し、線径が50μmでは3200N/mm2の抗張力を有し、比較例の放電加工用電極線と同じ値の抗張力を有することがわかる。
From Table 2, the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example having a cerium oxide content of 0.5 mass% to 1.0 mass% is 3400 N / mm 2 or more and 3800 N / mm at a wire diameter of 30 μm at a temperature of 20 ° C. mm 2 have the following tensile strength, wire diameter is understood to have a 3400N / mm 2 or more 3500 N / mm 2 or less in tensile strength at 50 [mu] m. However, the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example having a cerium oxide content of 0.4% by mass has a tensile strength of 3300 N / mm 2 when the wire diameter is 30 μm and the wire diameter is 50 μm at a temperature of 20 ° C. It can be seen that it has a tensile strength of 3200 N / mm 2 and has the same value as the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example.
また、表2から、400℃の温度における抗張力は、20℃の温度における抗張力の値に対して概ね80%に低下することがわかる。
Also, it can be seen from Table 2 that the tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C. decreases to approximately 80% with respect to the tensile strength value at a temperature of 20 ° C.
さらに、表2から、セリウム酸化物含有量が0.4質量%~0.7質量%の範囲では、実施例の放電加工用電極線は、比較例の放電加工用電極線に比べて良好な真直性を示し、自然垂下長が470mmを超えることがわかる。セリウム酸化物含有量が0.8質量%~1.0質量%の範囲では、比較例の放電加工用電極線に比べて真直性が劣り、自然垂下長450mm~460mmであることがわかる。
Further, from Table 2, when the cerium oxide content is in the range of 0.4% to 0.7% by mass, the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the example is better than the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the comparative example. It shows straightness and it can be seen that the natural droop length exceeds 470 mm. It can be seen that when the cerium oxide content is in the range of 0.8% by mass to 1.0% by mass, the straightness is inferior to the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the comparative example, and the natural drooping length is 450 mm to 460 mm.
したがって、温度20℃における抗張力が3400N/mm2以上であり、かつ、自然垂下長が470mmを超えるように高い抗張力と良好な真直性とを兼ね備えるためには、セリウム酸化物含有量が0.5質量%以上0.7質量%以下であることが必要条件であることがわかる。
Therefore, in order to combine a high tensile strength and a good straightness so that the tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. is 3400 N / mm 2 or more and the natural drooping length exceeds 470 mm, the cerium oxide content is 0.5. It turns out that it is a necessary condition that they are mass% or more and 0.7 mass% or less.
上記で作製されたセリウム酸化物含有量が0.6質量%の実施例と比較例の放電加工用電極線(線径が30μmと50μm)を用いて、以下の条件で放電加工を行った。
The electric discharge machining was performed under the following conditions using the electrode wires for electric discharge machining (wire diameters of 30 μm and 50 μm) of the examples and comparative examples having a cerium oxide content of 0.6% by mass produced as described above.
(加工条件)
(1)使用加工機:株式会社ソディック(SODICK)製 AP450
(2)加工液:油
(3)被加工材:冷間工具鋼 SKD11(焼入れ材)
(4)被加工材の厚み:10mm
(5)被加工材の切断加工:直線加工、切断長さ20mm
(6)電極線:線径30μm、50μm、長さ3000m
(7)張力:250gf(2.45N)
(8)放電加工条件 (Processing conditions)
(1) Processing machine used: AP450 manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.
(2) Working fluid: Oil (3) Work material: Cold tool steel SKD11 (hardened material)
(4) Workpiece thickness: 10 mm
(5) Cutting work material: straight line processing, cutting length 20mm
(6) Electrode wire: wire diameter 30 μm, 50 μm, length 3000 m
(7) Tension: 250 gf (2.45 N)
(8) Electrical discharge machining conditions
(1)使用加工機:株式会社ソディック(SODICK)製 AP450
(2)加工液:油
(3)被加工材:冷間工具鋼 SKD11(焼入れ材)
(4)被加工材の厚み:10mm
(5)被加工材の切断加工:直線加工、切断長さ20mm
(6)電極線:線径30μm、50μm、長さ3000m
(7)張力:250gf(2.45N)
(8)放電加工条件 (Processing conditions)
(1) Processing machine used: AP450 manufactured by Sodick Co., Ltd.
(2) Working fluid: Oil (3) Work material: Cold tool steel SKD11 (hardened material)
(4) Workpiece thickness: 10 mm
(5) Cutting work material: straight line processing, cutting length 20mm
(6) Electrode wire: wire diameter 30 μm, 50 μm, length 3000 m
(7) Tension: 250 gf (2.45 N)
(8) Electrical discharge machining conditions
上記の放電加工によって得られた結果として、実施例と比較例の放電加工用電極線について、被加工材の切断面にて測定された表面粗さとして最大高さRyと、放電加工時に発生した電極線の断線回数とを測定した。その結果を以下の表4に示す。
As a result obtained by the above electric discharge machining, for the electric discharge machining electrode wires of Examples and Comparative Examples, the maximum height Ry as surface roughness measured at the cut surface of the workpiece and the electric discharge machining occurred during electric discharge machining. The number of electrode wire breaks was measured. The results are shown in Table 4 below.
表4から、比較例の放電加工用電極線を用いて加工された被加工材の切断面の最大高さRyが1.7μmであるのに対し、実施例の放電加工用電極線を用いて加工された被加工材の切断面の最大高さRyが1.5μmであり、本発明の放電加工用電極線を用いることにより、良好な切断面が得られることがわかる。
From Table 4, the maximum height Ry of the cut surface of the workpiece processed using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example is 1.7 μm, whereas the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the example is used. It can be seen that the maximum height Ry of the cut surface of the processed workpiece is 1.5 μm, and that a good cut surface can be obtained by using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention.
また、表4から、比較例の放電加工用電極線を用いて放電加工時に発生した電極線の断線回数が2~3回であるのに対し、実施例の放電加工用電極線を用いて放電加工時に発生した電極線の断線回数が0回であり、本発明の放電加工用電極線を用いることにより、良好な結果が得られることがわかる。
Further, from Table 4, the number of disconnections of the electrode wire generated during the electric discharge machining using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example is 2 to 3, whereas the electric discharge machining using the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the example is performed. It can be seen that the number of disconnections of the electrode wire generated during processing is zero, and that satisfactory results can be obtained by using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention.
次に、上記で作製されたセリウム酸化物含有量が0.6質量%の実施例と比較例の放電加工用電極線(線径が50μm)を用いて、50mm間隔の上下ダイス間の任意の位置で鋭利な超硬刃によって電極線を切断し、自動結線機構を作動させた後に電極線が正常に走行するかどうかを調べた。その結果を表5に示す。表5において、自動結線が成功した場合を○、失敗した場合を×で示す。
Next, using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining (wire diameter is 50 μm) of the example and the comparative example having a cerium oxide content of 0.6% by mass produced as described above, an arbitrary distance between upper and lower dies at intervals of 50 mm After cutting the electrode wire with a sharp carbide blade at the position and operating the automatic connection mechanism, it was examined whether the electrode wire normally traveled. The results are shown in Table 5. In Table 5, the case where the automatic connection is successful is indicated by ◯, and the case where the automatic connection is failed is indicated by ×.
表5から、比較例の放電加工用電極線を用いた場合、10回の切断に対して自動結線が2回失敗したのに対し、実施例の放電加工用電極線を用いた場合、10回の切断に対して自動結線が失敗した回数が0回であり、本発明の放電加工用電極線を用いることにより、良好な結果が得られることがわかる。
From Table 5, when the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the comparative example was used, the automatic connection failed twice for 10 cuts, whereas when the electric discharge machining electrode wire of the example was used, 10 times. It can be seen that the number of times of automatic connection failure with respect to the cutting of 0 is 0, and good results can be obtained by using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining of the present invention.
今回開示された実施の形態と実施例はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考慮されるべきである。本発明の範囲は以上の実施の形態と実施例ではなく、請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての修正と変形を含むものであることが意図される。
It should be considered that the embodiments and examples disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above embodiments and examples but by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications and variations within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.
本発明の放電加工用電極線を用いることにより、放電加工中に断線を生じ難くすることができるとともに、従来の放電加工用電極線を用いた放電加工よりも自動結線を安定化させることが可能になるので、本発明は放電加工の操業効率の向上に寄与することができる。
By using the electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to the present invention, it is possible to make disconnection less likely to occur during electric discharge machining, and it is possible to stabilize automatic connection compared to electric discharge machining using a conventional electrode wire for electric discharge machining. Therefore, this invention can contribute to the improvement of the operation efficiency of electric discharge machining.
Claims (4)
- セリウム酸化物を0.5質量%以上0.7質量%以下、含み、残部がタングステンと不可避的不純物とからなり、温度20℃における抗張力が3400N/mm2以上であり、長さ500mmの当該放電加工用電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下長が470mmを超える、放電加工用電極線。 This discharge having a cerium oxide content of 0.5 mass% to 0.7 mass%, the balance being tungsten and inevitable impurities, a tensile strength at a temperature of 20 ° C. of 3400 N / mm 2 or more, and a length of 500 mm An electrode wire for electric discharge machining, in which a hanging length exceeds 470 mm when the machining electrode wire is naturally hung vertically.
- 線径が30μm以上50μm以下である、請求項1に記載の放電加工用電極線。 The electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to claim 1, wherein the wire diameter is 30 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
- 長さ500mmの当該放電加工用電極線を鉛直方向に自然に垂らした場合の垂下幅が15mm以下である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の放電加工用電極線。 The electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a drooping width when the electrode wire for electric discharge machining having a length of 500 mm is naturally hung in the vertical direction is 15 mm or less.
- 温度400℃における抗張力が2700N/mm2以上である、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の放電加工用電極線。 The electrode wire for electric discharge machining according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a tensile strength at a temperature of 400 ° C is 2700 N / mm 2 or more.
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JP2018001763A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-01-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Tungsten wire and tungsten fiber |
CN114231813A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-03-25 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Alloy wire and preparation method and application thereof |
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JPH02109640A (en) * | 1988-10-18 | 1990-04-23 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electrode wire for electric discharging |
JP2009161330A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-23 | Allied Material Corp | Metal wire material storage body |
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JPH02109640A (en) * | 1988-10-18 | 1990-04-23 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electrode wire for electric discharging |
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Cited By (8)
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JP2018001763A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-01-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Tungsten wire and tungsten fiber |
CN114231813A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-03-25 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Alloy wire and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114250395A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-03-29 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Alloy wire and application thereof |
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EP4212642A4 (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2024-04-17 | Xiamen Honglu Tungsten-molybdenum Industry Co., Ltd | Alloy wire, manufacturing method for same, and applications thereof |
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