WO2014203413A1 - 可燃物の処理方法と設備 - Google Patents
可燃物の処理方法と設備 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014203413A1 WO2014203413A1 PCT/JP2013/077677 JP2013077677W WO2014203413A1 WO 2014203413 A1 WO2014203413 A1 WO 2014203413A1 JP 2013077677 W JP2013077677 W JP 2013077677W WO 2014203413 A1 WO2014203413 A1 WO 2014203413A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- melt
- combustible material
- copper
- smelting furnace
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 183
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 120
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0056—Scrap treating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0036—Bath smelting or converting in reverberatory furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/005—Smelting or converting in a succession of furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B19/00—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group
- F27B19/04—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group arranged for associated working
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
- F27D2003/185—Conveying particles in a conduct using a fluid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention provides, for example, waste electronic parts and waste electronic substrates containing valuable metals (Cu, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, etc.) in a melt stored in a furnace body in a smelting furnace such as a continuous copper making facility.
- the present invention relates to a method for treating a combustible material in which combustible material (combustible scrap) is charged and melt-processed, a smelting furnace used for the implementation, and a continuous copper making facility.
- Wastes such as waste electronic parts and waste electronic substrates (combustible scraps, hereinafter referred to as combustibles), for example, copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum, as well as combustible plastics
- Valuable metals such as (Pt) and palladium (Pd) are contained. Therefore, such combustible materials are charged (injected) into a smelting furnace such as a continuous copper making facility, and combustion / melting (in this specification, “combustion / melting” means “combustion and / or melting”). In this case, the valuable metal is recovered together with copper in the subsequent process while being used for heating the melt.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Conventionally, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, combustible materials containing valuable metals are dropped onto a molten metal surface from an inlet provided on the ceiling wall or side wall of the furnace body.
- combustible materials are pressed into a lump and charged into a melt, thereby preventing damage to a waste heat boiler or the like. That is, for example, when the combustible material is dropped into the melt in a finely crushed state such as powder or granule instead of being pressed into a lump, the combustible material is removed from the gas zone (space on the molten metal surface) of the furnace body.
- the waste heat boiler or the like In addition to being easily discharged together with the exhaust gas, there is a risk of burning the waste heat boiler or the like to damage the waste heat boiler or the like.
- a lance pipe that opens toward the molten metal surface is provided above the molten metal surface of the furnace body. From the lance pipe, ore (concentrate) containing non-ferrous metal such as copper ore and oxygen-enriched air (air having an oxygen content of about 40 to 70%) are blown into the molten metal surface. Further, in order to maintain the temperature of the melt within a predetermined high temperature range, coke, pulverized coal, and the like (hereinafter collectively referred to as coal) are charged as heat compensation fuel.
- coal coke, pulverized coal, and the like
- the conventional combustible material processing method, smelting furnace, and continuous copper making facility have the following problems.
- the combustible material that has fallen onto the molten metal surface of the furnace main body tends to stay on the molten metal surface as it is, and burns and melts while floating on the molten metal. Therefore, it is not possible to secure a large contact area between the combustible material and the molten material. It was. Accordingly, the processing takes a long time and the processing amount is restricted.
- combustion heat of the combustible material combusted on the molten metal surface escapes to the gas zone on the molten metal surface and is not sufficiently utilized for heating the melt.
- this combustion heat may cause the bricks provided on the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body to be exposed to high temperatures and become worn (damaged, deteriorated, depleted, etc.), or the waste heat boiler that receives exhaust gas from the gas zone may overheat. was there.
- the combustible material since the melt and the combustible material are not sufficiently stirred, the combustible material remains undissolved in the melt and is discharged out of the system along with the slag while containing the valuable metal component, resulting in slag loss of the valuable metal. It was. In particular, conventionally, since the combustible material has been pressed into a lump shape, the combustible material was easily left undissolved. In addition, for example, in continuous copper making facilities, when the molten material (mat and slag) flows through the slag that connects the smelting furnace and the separation furnace downstream of the smelting furnace, the slag is clogged by the undissolved residue of the combustible material. There was a risk that the melt would overflow from the soot.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the combustible material is sufficiently brought into contact with the melt, and the combustion heat of the combustible material is efficiently used for heating the melt. Reduces unmelted slag loss of valuable metals, increases the amount of combustible material, reduces operating costs, and suppresses damage to the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body and waste heat boiler It aims at providing the processing method of a combustible material, the smelting furnace used for the implementation, and continuous copper making equipment.
- a pipe that opens toward the molten metal surface is provided above the molten metal surface stored in the furnace body for smelting the non-ferrous metal, from the pipe, A combustible material containing valuable metals and oxygen-enriched air are blown into the molten metal surface.
- a smelting furnace according to another aspect of the present invention is a smelting furnace used for carrying out the above-described method for treating a combustible material, wherein the molten metal surface is located above the molten metal surface stored in the furnace body. And a combustible material containing valuable metals and oxygen-enriched air can be blown into the molten metal surface of the melt through the pipe.
- combustible material and oxygen-enriched air are supplied from a pipe on the molten metal surface toward the molten metal surface stored in the furnace body.
- oxygen-enriched air for example, air having an oxygen content of about 40 to 70%
- the combustible material can easily penetrate deeply into the melt, and a large contact area with the melt is ensured.
- the combustible material is quickly heated, burned and melted, and is less likely to remain undissolved, so that the processing efficiency of the combustible material is improved and the processing amount can be increased.
- the combustible material is blown into the melt together with the oxygen-enriched air, the combustible component contained in the combustible material and oxygen easily react in the melt, and the combustible material is more easily combusted and melted. Further, when the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air are blown into the melt, an action of stirring the combustible material in the melt is also obtained, and the above-described effects can be obtained more remarkably.
- the slag loss of valuable metals is reduced because the undissolved residue of the combustible material is prevented from being discharged out of the system together with the slag while containing the valuable metal components.
- a slag that connects a smelting furnace and a separation furnace on the downstream side thereof is provided, and the melt discharged (overflowed) from the furnace body of the smelting furnace ( Mat and slag) flow into the separation furnace through the dredge.
- the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air are blown from the pipe that opens toward the molten metal surface, so that the combustible material does not easily float in the gas zone of the furnace body.
- a combustible material that is finely crushed for example, powdery or granular.
- the combustible material is likely to be discharged together with the exhaust gas, which may damage the waste heat boiler or the like. It was.
- the combustible material is easily infiltrated into the melt by being blown into the molten metal surface. It is suppressed.
- the combustible material burns and melts more quickly in the melt, and is further less likely to remain undissolved. It will be particularly remarkable.
- the combustible material can be sufficiently brought into contact with the melt, and the combustion heat of the combustible material can be efficiently used for heating the melt. It is possible to reduce the undissolved residue of the combustible material, suppress the slag loss of valuable metals, and increase the processing amount of the combustible material. Operating costs can be reduced, and damage to the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body and waste heat boiler can be suppressed.
- a lance pipe that blows ore containing non-ferrous metal and oxygen-enriched air into the molten metal surface may be used as the pipe.
- the pipe may be a lance pipe configured such that an ore containing a non-ferrous metal and oxygen-enriched air can be blown into the molten metal surface of the melt.
- the present invention can be implemented using an existing lance pipe provided in a conventional smelting furnace for charging ore (concentrate) into the melt.
- the furnace body can have a simple structure (that is, it can be maintained without complicating the structure), and the equipment cost can be reduced.
- a combustible material treatment method uses a continuous copper making facility including a smelting furnace, a separation furnace, and a copper making furnace connected to each other by a firewood.
- a continuous copper making facility including a smelting furnace, a separation furnace, and a copper making furnace connected to each other by a firewood.
- To produce a melt containing mat and slag separating the mat and slag produced in the smelting furnace in the separation furnace, and separating in the separation furnace in the copper making furnace.
- the mat may be oxidized to produce crude copper and slag, and in the smelting furnace, the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air may be blown into the molten metal surface from the pipe.
- the continuous copper making facility of another aspect of the present invention includes a smelting furnace that heats and melts copper ore to produce a melt including a mat and slag, and a mat and slag generated in the smelting furnace.
- a continuous copper making facility comprising the above-described smelting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace described above is used.
- the method for treating a combustible material according to another aspect of the present invention is a method of charging coal charged in the melt according to the amount of heat contributed to the melt from the combustible material charged in the melt. The amount may be adjusted.
- the amount of heat contributed to the melt increases (or increases) from the combustible material charged into the melt
- the amount of coal charged into the melt is reduced accordingly.
- the amount of heat contributed to the melt from the combustible material decreases (or decreases)
- the amount of coal charged into the melt is increased accordingly.
- the combustible material was only dropped onto the molten metal surface. For this reason, combustible materials have not been used effectively for heating the melt to such an extent that the temperature of the melt can be stably maintained or raised. Therefore, even if the charge amount of the combustible material is simply increased, it is difficult to increase the amount of heat contributed from the combustible material to the melt, and it is difficult to decrease the charge amount of coal. Furthermore, in the conventional method, when the amount of combustible material charged into the melt is simply increased, the above-described gas zone inner wall of the furnace body and the waste heat boiler may be damaged.
- the processing method of the combustible material of the other aspect of the present invention is such that the furnace body is used for copper smelting, and the melt is processed in a post-process to include the valuable metal in crude copper. It may be recovered.
- the furnace body is used, for example, in a smelting furnace in a continuous copper making facility, and in a copper making furnace in a subsequent process of the smelting furnace, valuable metals in combustible materials can be efficiently recovered together with crude copper. .
- a mixing region for mixing the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air may be provided in the pipe.
- the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air that are blown into the molten metal surface through the pipe are ejected in a mixed state in the pipe. Accordingly, the combustible material blown into the melt is more easily burned and melted, and the above-described operational effects become more remarkable.
- the combustible material can be sufficiently brought into contact with the melt, and the combustion heat of the combustible material can be efficiently used for heating the melt. It is possible to reduce the undissolved residue of combustible materials, suppress slag loss of valuable metals, and increase the processing amount of combustible materials. Operation costs can be reduced, and damage to the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body and waste heat boiler can be suppressed.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an AA cross section of FIG. 2. It is a figure explaining the structure of a lance pipe (pipe). It is a graph explaining the test result of the Example of this invention. It is a graph explaining the test result of the Example of this invention. It is a graph explaining the test result of the conventional comparative example. It is a graph explaining the test result of the conventional comparative example.
- a smelting furnace 10 employing a method for treating a combustible material according to an embodiment of the present invention and a continuous copper making facility 1 including the smelting furnace 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the smelting furnace 10 of this embodiment is represented by the Mitsubishi continuous copper manufacturing method (Mitsubishi MI method) provided with S furnace (smelting furnace), CL furnace (separation furnace), C furnace (copper making furnace), and refinement furnace.
- S furnace smelting furnace
- CL furnace separation furnace
- C furnace copper making furnace
- refinement furnace refinement furnace.
- the continuous copper making facility 1 to be used it is used as an S furnace.
- the continuous copper making facility 1 includes a smelting furnace 10 that heats and melts copper ore (copper concentrate) to produce a melt L including a mat M and a slag S, and the melting furnace 10.
- a separation furnace 3 that separates the mat M and slag S produced in the smelting furnace 10;
- a copper making furnace 20 that further oxidizes the mat M separated in the separation furnace 3 to produce crude copper C and slag S;
- the refining furnace 5 for refining the crude copper C produced in the copper making furnace 20 to produce higher quality copper and valuable metals.
- the smelting furnace 10 stores a furnace body 12 for smelting non-ferrous metal and an ore containing copper (ore in this embodiment) in the furnace body 12 together with oxygen-enriched air (oxygen gas) and flux. And a plurality of lance pipes (pipes) 15 to be supplied to the melt L.
- the lance pipe 15 penetrates the ceiling wall 11 of the furnace body 12 in the vertical direction and can be moved up and down with respect to the molten metal surface of the melt L.
- the lance pipe 15 is disposed above the surface of the molten metal L and opens toward the surface of the molten metal L.
- the lance pipe 15 is provided so that copper ore and oxygen-enriched air can be blown into the molten metal L surface.
- the ceiling wall 11 of the smelting furnace 10 is provided with an opening 19 for discharging gas (exhaust gas) generated in the furnace.
- the waste heat boiler 7 is connected to the downstream side of the opening 19.
- the separation furnace 3 separates the mat M and the slag S in the melt L fed from the smelting furnace 10 by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the mat M and the layer of the mat M having a large specific gravity. A layer of slag S having a small specific gravity is formed.
- a plurality of electrodes 8 are arranged with their lower ends immersed in the slag.
- the three-phase alternating current is input to the electrodes 8 from the transformer to generate Joule heat, thereby keeping the melt L warm.
- the copper making furnace 20 includes a plurality of lance pipes 25 for supplying cold material and limestone into the furnace together with oxygen-enriched air such as oxygen gas.
- the lance pipe 25 is provided through the ceiling wall 21 of the copper making furnace 20 and can be moved up and down. Further, the ceiling wall 21 of the copper making furnace 20 is provided with a discharge port for discharging the gas generated in the furnace.
- a waste heat boiler 9 is connected to the discharge port.
- the dried copper concentrate (non-ferrous metal raw material) and flux (eg, sand, lime, etc.) together with oxygen-enriched air and the lance pipe 15 are used for the smelting furnace 10. Blow into the melt L.
- the copper concentrate is dissolved and oxidized, and the main component is a mat M made of a mixture of copper sulfide and iron sulfide, and slag made of gangue, solvent, iron oxide, etc. in the copper concentrate. S is produced in the melt L.
- the mat M and the slag S contained in the melt L of the smelting furnace 10 are sent to the separation furnace 3 by the dredger 6A, where they are separated into the lower layer mat M and the upper layer slag S due to the difference in specific gravity.
- the slag S (Sg) separated in the separation furnace 3 is collected separately from the mat M. Further, the sulfur-containing gas such as SO 2 gas generated in the smelting furnace 10 or the like is transferred to a sulfuric acid factory (not shown) and recovered as sulfuric acid or gypsum (CaSO 4 ).
- the mat M separated in the separation furnace 3 is sent to the copper making furnace 20 through the basket 6B.
- a flux is further blown into the mat M together with air using the lance pipe 25.
- sulfur and iron in the mat M can be oxidized, and crude copper C having a purity of 98.5% or more can be obtained.
- the crude copper C continuously produced in the copper making furnace 20 is transferred to the refining furnace 5 through the jar 6C.
- refined copper C is refine
- the copper-making furnace slag Sa contains copper oxide (10 to 30%) together with iron oxide.
- the copper-making furnace slag Sa is made into a solid powder by water granulation, dried, then sent to the smelting furnace 10 and melted again together with the raw material ore to recover copper.
- waste electronic parts made of combustible plastics containing valuable metals (Cu, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, etc.) Wastes such as waste electronic substrates (combustible scraps, hereinafter referred to as combustible materials) are charged, and the combustible materials are smelted together with copper concentrate to collect valuable metals other than copper together with copper.
- the furnace main body 12 of the smelting furnace 10 is used for copper smelting, but by treating the melt L sent from the furnace main body 12 to the copper smelting furnace 20 in the subsequent process, crude copper is processed. The valuable metals are recovered by inclusion in C.
- the copper making furnace 20 is charged with a copper plate used as an anode plate in electrolytic smelting, so-called anode scrap. Since this anode scrap has a high copper quality, by putting it into the copper making furnace 20 located on the downstream side of the continuous copper making equipment 1, the copper content is recovered without going through a complicated process.
- the smelting furnace 10 includes a bottomed cylindrical furnace body 12.
- the furnace body 12 is provided with a ceiling wall 11 so as to close the upper portion thereof.
- a melt L is stored inside the furnace body 12.
- a plurality of lance pipes 15 are disposed on the ceiling wall 11 so as to penetrate the ceiling wall 11.
- the lance pipes 15 form a straight line and a plurality of the lance pipes 15 are formed so as to be parallel to each other (see a top view of the furnace body 12 shown in FIG. 3).
- the lance pipe 15 feeds powdery copper ore (smelting raw material) and auxiliary raw materials (solvent) such as flux into the furnace body 12 together with oxygen-enriched air at high speed and collides with the molten metal surface of the melt L.
- the oxidation reaction is caused in the melt L.
- the lance pipe 15 is provided above the molten metal surface of the melt L and opens toward the molten metal surface. The lower end opening of the lance pipe 15 is disposed close to the molten metal surface of the melt L.
- the lance pipe 15 is capable of blowing a combustible material further containing valuable metals into the molten metal surface of the melt L.
- the combustible material blown into the melt L from the lance pipe 15 is, for example, a waste electronic substrate or a waste electronic component that has been previously crushed by a crusher to be granular or powdery.
- the average particle diameter (outer diameter) of the combustible material is, for example, 10 mm or less.
- coal coal
- the lance pipe 15 has a double cylinder structure.
- An outer cylinder 15 a of the lance pipe extends through the ceiling wall 11 of the furnace body 12 toward the molten metal surface of the melt L.
- the inner cylinder 15b of the lance pipe 15 has a lower end opening located in the outer cylinder 15a.
- the region between the lower end opening of the inner cylinder 15b and the lower end opening of the outer cylinder 15a in the outer cylinder 15a is each material (copper ore, auxiliary material, combustible, oxygen-enriched air, Coal, etc.).
- materials other than oxygen-enriched air are preferably mixed in advance before being introduced into the lance pipe 15.
- combustibles and coal are not limited to this, and the charging amount may be adjusted according to the temperature of the melt L and the gas temperature of the waste heat boiler 7.
- the material Y such as oxygen-enriched air is supplied to the melt L of the furnace body 12 through the space between the outer cylinder 15 a and the inner cylinder 15 b of the lance pipe 15. Further, through the inner cylinder 15 b of the lance pipe 15, a material X such as copper ore other than the oxygen-enriched air, auxiliary materials, combustibles, and coal is supplied to the melt L. Specifically, various materials X are transported in the inner cylinder 15b of the lance pipe 15, so that these materials X are premixed in the inner cylinder 15b, and are opened from the lower end opening of the inner cylinder 15b. It is sent into the outer cylinder 15a.
- the inner cylinder 15b of the lance pipe 15 includes the material X other than oxygen-enriched air (specifically, combustible material and at least one of copper ore, auxiliary material, and coal).
- the conveying tube is capable of mixing the material X).
- the amount of coal charged in the melt L is adjusted according to the amount of heat contributed to the melt L from the combustible material charged in the melt L. Specifically, when the amount of heat contributed to the melt L is increased (or increased) from the combustible material charged into the melt L, the charging of the coal charged into the melt L according to this is increased. Reduce the amount. When the amount of heat contributed from the combustible material to the melt L decreases (or decreases), the amount of coal charged into the melt L is increased accordingly. By these things, the temperature of the melt L is maintained stably. That is, the heat balance of the melt L is controlled by adjusting the amount of combustible material and the amount of coal charged so that the temperature of the melt L is maintained within a predetermined range.
- the amount of combustible material charged from each lance pipe 15 into the melt L may be set equally for all lance pipes 15.
- at least one of the lance pipes 15 may be a lance pipe 15 dedicated to a combustible material for charging the combustible material.
- the amount of oxygen-enriched air that is blown from the lance pipe 15 may be variously set in the same manner as the amount of combustible material.
- the charging amount of at least one of combustible material and oxygen-enriched air blown from the lance pipe 15 into the melt L may be controlled according to the temperature of the melt L or the gas temperature of the waste heat boiler 7.
- the ceiling wall 11 of the furnace body 12 is provided with an opening 19 having a rectangular cross section at a position different from the lance pipe 15 group.
- a rising flue 22 for discharging exhaust gas is extended from the opening 19 upward in the furnace body 12.
- melt discharge port (overflow port) 27 is provided on the side wall 24 of the furnace body 12 at a position opposite to the opening 19 with the lance pipe 15 interposed therebetween.
- the melt outlet 27 is located slightly below the lower end opening of the lance pipe 15. The melt L overflows from the melt outlet 27 and is sent to the separation furnace 3 from the jar 6A.
- the smelting furnace 10 and the continuous copper making facility 1 the melt L stored in the furnace body 12 is obtained.
- Combustible material and oxygen-enriched air for example, air having an oxygen content of about 40 to 70%
- oxygen-enriched air for example, air having an oxygen content of about 40 to 70%
- the combustible material is blown into the melt L together with the oxygen-enriched air, the combustible component contained in the combustible material and oxygen are likely to react in the melt L, and the combustible material is more easily combusted and melted. . Further, when the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air are blown into the melt L, an action of stirring the combustible material in the melt L is also obtained, and the above-described effects are obtained more remarkably.
- the slag loss of the valuable metal is suppressed because the undissolved residue of the combustible material is prevented from being discharged out of the system together with the slag S while containing the valuable metal component.
- a slag 6A that connects the smelting furnace 10 and the separation furnace 3 on the downstream side thereof is provided, and is discharged from the furnace body 12 of the smelting furnace 10.
- the molten (overflowed) melt L flows into the separation furnace 3 through the jar 6A.
- the bricks provided on the inner wall of the gas zone of the furnace body 12 (above the hot water surface in the side wall 24 and the inner wall of the ceiling wall 11) are worn out by the combustion heat of the combustible material combusted on the hot water surface, as in the prior art.
- the problem that the waste heat boiler 7 is overheated is prevented.
- the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air are blown from the lance pipe 15 that opens toward the molten metal surface of the melt L, so that the combustible material does not easily float in the gas zone of the furnace body 12.
- a combustible material that is finely crushed such as powder or granules, as in this embodiment. That is, conventionally, when a powdery or granular combustible material is simply dropped on the molten metal surface of the melt L, the combustible material is easily discharged together with the exhaust gas, which may damage the waste heat boiler 7 or the like. was there.
- the combustible material is easily infiltrated into the melt L by being blown into the molten metal surface of the melt L, the above-described problems are caused even if a powdery or granular combustible material is used. Is suppressed.
- the combustible material burns and melts more quickly in the melt L, and is further less likely to remain melted. It will be a thing.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the combustible material may be a block shape, a block shape, a plate shape, or the like.
- the combustible material can be sufficiently brought into contact with the melt L, and the combustion heat of the combustible material can be efficiently used for heating the melt L.
- the operation cost can be reduced, and damage to the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body 12 and the waste heat boiler 7 can be suppressed.
- molten_metal surface of the melt L is used as a pipe which blows a combustible material and oxygen-enriched air into the hot_water
- the charging amount of the coal charged into the molten metal L is adjusted. Accordingly, the amount of coal used can be reliably reduced to reduce operating costs, and the temperature of the melt L is stably maintained within a predetermined range, so that the processing in the melt L is stabilized. That is, when the amount of heat contributed to the melt L is increased (or increased) from the combustible material charged in the melt L, the amount of coal charged in the melt L is reduced accordingly.
- the amount of heat contributed from the combustible material to the melt L decreases (or decreases)
- the amount of coal charged into the melt L is increased accordingly.
- the furnace main body 12 is used for the smelting furnace 10 in the continuous copper making facility 1, and in the copper making furnace 20 in the subsequent process of the smelting furnace 10, the valuable metal in the combustible material is crude copper. It can be efficiently recovered together with C.
- region which mixes a combustible material and oxygen-enriched air is provided in the lance pipe 15 of the smelting furnace 10. Therefore, the combustible material and oxygen-enriched air blown into the molten metal surface of the melt L through the lance pipe 15 are jetted out in a state of being mixed in the lance pipe 15. Therefore, the combustible material blown into the melt L is more easily burned and melted, and the above-described operational effects become more remarkable.
- the material X containing the material X other than oxygen-enriched air conveyed toward the melt L in the inner cylinder 15b of the lance pipe 15 (a combustible material and at least one of copper ore, auxiliary material, and coal). ) Is sufficiently mixed in the inner cylinder 15b before being blown into the molten metal surface of the melt L. Therefore, these materials X are easily processed in the melt L quickly and stably.
- the lance pipe 15 that blows ore and oxygen-enriched air into the melt surface of the melt L is used as a pipe that blows combustible material and oxygen-enriched air into the melt surface of the melt L.
- the present invention is not limited to this. That is, instead of using the lance pipe 15, a dedicated pipe for blowing combustibles and oxygen-enriched air may be provided. In this case, the pipe is provided above the surface of the molten metal L stored in the furnace body 12 so as to open toward the surface of the molten metal.
- a dedicated pipe for blowing inflammables and oxygen-enriched air may be provided together with the lance pipe 15. That is, the ore and oxygen-enriched air may be blown from the lance pipe 15 onto the molten metal surface of the melt L, and the combustible material and oxygen-enriched air may be blown into the molten metal L surface from the dedicated pipe.
- a plurality of lance pipes 15 form a linear row and a plurality of rows are arranged in a top view of the furnace body 12 shown in FIG.
- the arrangement and number are not limited to this case. That is, the lance pipe 15 has, for example, a circular shape (single circular shape, multiple concentric circular shape), a polygonal shape (single polygonal shape, multiple concentric polygonal shape), a matrix shape (lattice shape), a dot shape ( (Regular arrangement, irregular arrangement) or the like.
- the lance pipe 15 described in the above embodiment has a double cylinder structure, but is not limited to this.
- a single cylinder structure, a triple or more cylinder structure, and the like. May be.
- the mixing area may not be provided in the lance pipe 15.
- the lower end opening of the outer cylinder 15a and the lower end opening of the inner cylinder 15b in the lance pipe 15 may be at the same position (the positions along the vertical direction are the same).
- the continuous copper making facility 1 only needs to include at least the smelting furnace 10, the separation furnace 3, and the copper making furnace 20, and other refining furnaces 5 and the like are appropriately replaced with other processing apparatuses or omitted. You can do it.
- scrap (combustible material) containing valuable metals is pulverized, and the lance pipe 15 is placed on the surface of the melt L in the S furnace (smelting furnace 10) of the Mitsubishi continuous copper method.
- the operation of charging with oxygen-enriched air was carried out.
- the scrap is mainly composed of substrate scraps, and includes a combustible resin material as a main component, Cu, SiO 2 , CaO, Al 2 O 3 and trace amounts of Au and Ag.
- the scrap was crushed by a crusher so that the particle size was 10 mm or less.
- the crushed scrap was mixed with copper ore, dried using a rotary dryer, and then charged into the furnace from 10 lance pipes 15 installed on the ceiling wall 11 of the S furnace.
- the amounts of ore and scrap charged were 101 ton for ore (hereinafter, “ton” is simply expressed as “t”) and 6.4 ton for scrap.
- t 101 ton for ore
- t 6.4 ton for scrap.
- about 300 kg / hr of pulverized coal is added for the purpose of supplementing the heat source that the melt L is insufficient. The temperature of the melt L was maintained. After the start of the test, the addition of pulverized coal was stopped.
- the melt L in the S furnace flows out from the melt outlet 27 of the furnace body 12 and is sent to the CL furnace (separation furnace 3) through the firewood 6A. And the melt L is isolate
- the valuable metal contained in the slag Sg is not recovered and becomes a slag loss of the valuable metal.
- concentration of the valuable metal in slag Sg changes according to the process in S furnace. Then, the value before and after the start of a test was measured about the copper concentration (%) in slag Sg in order to confirm the processing condition in S furnace.
- the copper concentration in the slag was measured using a fluorescent X-ray analyzer. The results are shown in FIG.
- the values before and after the start of the test were measured for the temperature of the melt L (° C.) and the gas temperature of the waste heat boiler 7 (° C.). Specifically, for example, when the scrap does not sufficiently burn in the melt L or burns in the gas zone of the furnace body 12, the temperature of the melt L decreases or the waste heat boiler 7 The occurrence of problems such as an increase in gas temperature is expected.
- the temperature was measured using a K-type thermocouple and an N-type thermocouple. The results are shown in FIG.
- the temperature (° C.) of the melt L after the start of the test (the right region of 0 (hr) shown on the horizontal axis of FIG. 6) is the value before the start of the test (of FIG. 6).
- the temperature was about the same as the temperature (° C.) of the melt L in the left region of 0 (hr) shown on the horizontal axis of the graph. That is, it was confirmed that the amount of heat of pulverized coal can be compensated by blowing scrap into the melt L according to this example.
- the gas temperature (° C.) of the waste heat boiler 7 was about the same before and after the start of the test. Thus, in this example, it was confirmed that even when crushed scrap was used, the scrap penetrated deeply into the melt L and was treated well.
- the combustible material can be sufficiently brought into contact with the melt, and the combustion heat of the combustible material can be efficiently used for heating the melt. It is possible to reduce the undissolved residue of combustible materials, suppress slag loss of valuable metals, and increase the processing amount of combustible materials. Operation costs can be reduced, and damage to the gas zone inner wall of the furnace body and waste heat boiler can be suppressed. Therefore, it can be used industrially.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年6月21日に、日本に出願された特願2013-130944号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そこで、このような可燃物を、例えば連続製銅設備等の溶錬炉に装入(投入)して、燃焼・溶融(本明細書で言う「燃焼・溶融」とは「燃焼及び/又は溶融」を指す)させることで、熔体の加熱に利用しつつ、後工程で銅とともに有価金属を回収することが行われている。
炉本体の熔体の湯面に落下した可燃物が、そのまま湯面上にとどまりやすく、熔体に浮いた状態で燃焼・溶融するため、可燃物と熔体との接触領域を大きく確保できなかった。従って、処理に長時間を要して、処理量が制約されていた。
また、例えば連続製銅設備においては、溶錬炉とその下流側の分離炉とを連結する樋を熔体(マット及びスラグ)が流れる際、この樋が可燃物の溶け残りによって閉塞されてしまい、該樋から熔体が溢れ出るおそれがあった。
本発明の他の態様の溶錬炉は、前述した可燃物の処理方法の実施に使用する溶錬炉であって、前記炉本体に貯留された熔体の湯面の上方に、該湯面へ向けて開口するパイプが設けられ、前記パイプ内を通して、前記熔体の湯面に、有価金属を含有する可燃物と酸素富化空気とを吹き込み可能に構成したことを特徴とする。
ここで、例えば連続製銅設備においては、溶錬炉とその下流側の分離炉とを連結する樋が設けられており、溶錬炉の炉本体から排出された(オーバーフローされた)熔体(マット及びスラグ)は、樋を通って分離炉へ流入する。そして本発明によれば、熔体とともに可燃物の溶け残りがこの樋を流れるようなことが抑制されるため、該樋が閉塞されることが防止されるとともに、樋から熔体が溢れ出ることを防ぐことができる。
また本発明によれば、可燃物が熔体の湯面上にとどまって燃焼することが抑制される。従って、例えば従来のように、湯面で燃焼する可燃物の燃焼熱によって、炉本体のガスゾーン内壁に設けられた煉瓦が損耗したり、廃熱ボイラーがオーバーヒートしたりする不具合が防止される。
尚、本発明において、可燃物として粉状や粒状のものを用いた場合には、該可燃物が熔体でより速やかに燃焼・溶融するとともに、さらに溶け残りにくくなり、前述の作用効果がより格別顕著なものとなる。
また、本発明の他の態様の溶錬炉は、前記パイプが、前記熔体の湯面に、非鉄金属を含有する鉱石と酸素富化空気とを吹き込み可能に構成されたランスパイプでもよい。
また本発明の他の態様の連続製銅設備は、銅鉱石を加熱溶融してマットとスラグとを含む熔体を生成する溶錬炉と、前記溶錬炉で生成されたマットとスラグとを分離する分離炉と、前記分離炉で分離されたマットを酸化して粗銅とスラグとを生成する製銅炉と、前記溶錬炉、前記分離炉及び前記製銅炉を互いに連結する樋と、を備えた連続製銅設備であって、前記溶錬炉として、前述した溶錬炉を用いたことを特徴とする。
そして、本発明では上述したように、熔体に対して可燃物から寄与される熱量が十分に確保されやすいので、石炭の使用量を確実に低減して操業費用を削減できるとともに、熔体温度が所定範囲に安定的に維持されて、熔体における処理が安定する。
具体的に、従来の方法では、熔体の湯面に可燃物を落下させるのみであった。そのため、可燃物が、熔体の温度を安定的に維持又は上昇可能な程度には熔体の加熱に有効に使われなかった。従って、単純に可燃物の装入量を増やしても、該可燃物から熔体に寄与される熱量を増大させることは難しく、石炭の装入量を減少させることは困難であった。さらに従来の方法では、単純に熔体への可燃物の装入量を増大させた場合において、上述した炉本体のガスゾーン内壁や廃熱ボイラーの損傷のおそれがある。
本実施形態の溶錬炉10は、S炉(溶錬炉)、CL炉(分離炉)、C炉(製銅炉)及び精製炉を備えた三菱連続製銅法(三菱MI法)に代表される連続製銅設備1において、S炉として用いられるものである。
これら溶錬炉10、分離炉3、製銅炉20、精製炉5は、互いに樋6A、6B、6Cにより連結されており、熔体Lが重力の作用によって溶錬炉10、分離炉3、製銅炉20、精製炉5の順に移動するように、この順に炉同士の間に高低差をつけて設置されている。
ランスパイプ15は、炉本体12の天井壁11を鉛直方向に貫通して設けられているとともに、熔体Lの湯面に対して昇降可能とされている。
この分離炉3には、複数の電極8が下端をスラグ中に浸漬させた状態にして配設されている。分離炉3では、これら電極8にトランスから三相交流電流を入力してジュール熱を発生させることで、熔体Lの保温を行っている。
溶錬炉10では、銅精鉱の溶解及び酸化反応が進行し、主成分が硫化銅及び硫化鉄の混合物からなるマットMと、銅精鉱中の脈石、溶剤、酸化鉄等からなるスラグSとが、熔体L中に生成される。
分離炉3において分離されたスラグS(Sg)は、マットMとは別途回収される。また、溶錬炉10等で生成したSO2ガス等の含硫ガスは、図示しない硫酸工場へと移送され、硫酸又は石膏(CaSO4)として回収される。
製銅炉20において連続的に生成された粗銅Cは、樋6Cを通して精製炉5に移送される。そして、精製炉5において粗銅Cを精製して、より品位の高い銅を生成し、図示しない鋳造機によって電解製錬用のアノード板が製出される。
具体的には、溶錬炉10の炉本体12は銅製錬に用いられるものであるが、該炉本体12から後工程の製銅炉20に送られた熔体Lを処理することで、粗銅Cに含ませて上記有価金属を回収している。
溶錬炉10は、有底円筒状の炉本体12を備えている。炉本体12には、その上部を塞ぐように天井壁11が設けられている。炉本体12の内部には熔体Lが貯留されている。天井壁11には、複数のランスパイプ15が該天井壁11を貫通して配設されている。図示の例では、これらランスパイプ15が直線状の列をなしているとともに、該列が互いに平行となるように複数形成されている(図3に示される炉本体12の上面視を参照)。
本実施形態では、可燃物の平均粒径(外径)が、例えば10mm以下とされている。尚、ランスパイプ15から、さらにコークスや粉炭等の石炭(化石燃料)を吹き込み可能としてもよい。
尚、これら材料のうち、酸素富化空気以外の材料については、ランスパイプ15に導入する以前に予め混合しておくことが好ましい。但し、可燃物及び石炭についてはこの限りではなく、熔体Lの温度や廃熱ボイラー7のガス温度に応じて装入量を調整してよい。
具体的に、ランスパイプ15の内筒15b内を各種の材料Xが搬送されることで、これら材料Xは内筒15b内で予め混合された状態とされて、該内筒15bの下端開口から外筒15a内に送出される。つまり本実施形態では、ランスパイプ15の内筒15bは、酸素富化空気以外の上記材料X(具体的には、可燃物と、銅鉱石、副原料及び石炭のうち少なくとも1つ以上とを含む材料X)を混合可能な搬送管とされている。
具体的には、熔体Lに装入する可燃物から熔体Lに寄与される熱量が増大する(又は増大した)場合には、これに応じて熔体Lに装入する石炭の装入量を減少させる。可燃物から熔体Lに寄与される熱量が減少する(又は減少した)場合には、これに応じて熔体Lに装入する石炭の装入量を増大させる。これらのことにより、熔体Lの温度を安定的に維持している。つまり、熔体Lの温度が所定範囲に維持されるように、可燃物の装入量と石炭の装入量とを調整することで、熔体Lの熱バランスを制御している。
さらに、ランスパイプ15から熔体Lへ吹き込む可燃物及び酸素富化空気の少なくとも一方の装入量を、熔体Lの温度や廃熱ボイラー7のガス温度に応じて制御してもよい。
ここで、本実施形態の連続製銅設備1においては、溶錬炉10とその下流側の分離炉3とを連結する樋6Aが設けられており、溶錬炉10の炉本体12から排出された(オーバーフローされた)熔体L(マットM及びスラグS)は、樋6Aを通って分離炉3へ流入する。そして本実施形態によれば、熔体Lとともに可燃物の溶け残りがこの樋6Aを流れることが抑制されるため、該樋6Aが閉塞されることが防止されるとともに、樋6Aから熔体Lが溢れ出ることを防ぐことができる。
また本実施形態によれば、可燃物が熔体Lの湯面上にとどまって燃焼することが抑制される。従って、例えば従来のように、湯面で燃焼する可燃物の燃焼熱によって、炉本体12のガスゾーン内壁(側壁24における湯面上方や天井壁11の内壁)に設けられた煉瓦が損耗したり、廃熱ボイラー7がオーバーヒートしたりする不具合が防止される。
すなわち、従来では、粉状や粒状の可燃物を単純に熔体Lの湯面に落下させた場合には、可燃物が排ガスと一緒に排出されやすくなって廃熱ボイラー7等を損傷させるおそれがあった。これに対して、本実施形態では、可燃物が熔体Lの湯面に吹き込まれることで熔体L内部まで浸入しやすいので、粉状や粒状の可燃物を用いても上記のような不具合が抑制される。
尚、可燃物として粉状や粒状のものを用いた場合には、該可燃物が熔体Lでより速やかに燃焼・溶融するとともに、さらに溶け残りにくくなり、前述の作用効果がより格別顕著なものとなる。ただし、これに限定されるものではなく、例えばランスパイプ15の内径を大きく確保できる場合には、可燃物はブロック状や塊状、板状等であっても構わない。
従って、従来の溶錬炉に設けられている、鉱石(精鉱)を熔体Lに装入するための既存のランスパイプを用いて本発明を実施することが可能になる。これにより、炉本体12を簡単な構造とすることができ(つまり構造を複雑にすることなく維持でき)、設備費用が削減される。
すなわち、熔体Lに装入する可燃物から熔体Lに寄与される熱量が増大する(又は増大した)場合には、これに応じて熔体Lに装入する石炭の装入量を減少させる。可燃物から熔体Lに寄与される熱量が減少する(又は減少した)場合には、これに応じて熔体Lに装入する石炭の装入量を増大させる。これらのことにより、熔体Lの温度を安定的に維持することが可能である。そして、本実施形態では上述したように、熔体Lに対して可燃物から寄与される熱量が十分に確保されやすいので、熔体Lに装入する石炭の装入量を確実に低減でき、操業費用を削減できる。
具体的に、従来の方法では、熔体Lの湯面に可燃物を落下させるのみであったため、該可燃物が、熔体Lの温度を安定的に維持又は上昇可能な程度には熔体Lの加熱に有効に使われなかった。そのため、単純に可燃物の装入量を増やしても、該可燃物から熔体Lに寄与される熱量を増大させることは難しく、石炭の装入量を減少させることは困難であった。さらに従来の方法では、単純に熔体Lへの可燃物の装入量を増大させた場合において、上述した炉本体12のガスゾーン内壁や廃熱ボイラー7の損傷のおそれがある。
また、ランスパイプ15の内筒15b内を、熔体Lへ向けて搬送される酸素富化空気以外の材料X(可燃物と、銅鉱石、副原料及び石炭の少なくともいずれかと、を含む材料X)が、熔体Lの湯面に吹き込まれる前に該内筒15b内で十分に混合される。従って、これら材料Xが熔体L内で迅速に、かつ安定的に処理されやすくなる。
すなわち、ランスパイプ15を用いる代わりに、可燃物と酸素富化空気とを吹き込むための専用のパイプを設けてもよい。この場合、前記パイプは、炉本体12に貯留された熔体Lの湯面の上方に、該湯面へ向けて開口して設けられる。尚、このような専用のパイプを設ける場合には、熔体Lに吹き込む可燃物の性状(形状や大きさ等)に応じて、該パイプの内径や長さ、下端開口位置(湯面までの距離)などを種々に設定してよい。
さらには、可燃物と酸素富化空気とを吹き込むための専用のパイプを、ランスパイプ15と共に設けても構わない。つまり、ランスパイプ15から鉱石と酸素富化空気とを熔体Lの湯面に吹き込むと共に、専用のパイプから可燃物と酸素富化空気とを熔体Lの湯面に吹き込んでもよい。
すなわち、ランスパイプ15は前記上面視において、例えば円形状(単一円形状、多重同心円形状)、多角形状(単一多角形状、多重同心多角形状)、マトリクス状(格子形状)、ドット状(規則配置、不規則配置)等に配列していてもよい。
また、ランスパイプ15内に混合領域が設けられていなくてもよい。この場合、例えばランスパイプ15における外筒15aの下端開口と、内筒15bの下端開口とが、同じ位置(鉛直方向に沿う位置が同一)とされていてもよい。
また、連続製銅設備1は、少なくとも溶錬炉10、分離炉3及び製銅炉20を備えていればよく、それ以外の精製炉5等については、他の処理装置に適宜代替、或いは省略してよい。
まず、本発明の実施例として、有価金属を含有するスクラップ(可燃物)を粉砕して、三菱連続製銅法のS炉(溶錬炉10)の熔体Lの湯面に、ランスパイプ15から酸素富化空気とともに吹き込んで装入する操業を実施した。
スクラップは主に基板屑で構成されており、主成分である可燃性の樹脂材料と、Cu、SiO2、CaO、Al2O3及び微量のAu、Agを含んでいる。尚、スクラップは粒度が10mm以下となるように破砕機により破砕した。
また、スクラップと銅鉱石との混合物をランスパイプ15から熔体Lに装入する試験を開始するまでの間、熔体Lの不足する熱源を補う目的で、粉炭を300kg/hr程度添加して熔体Lの温度を維持した。そして試験開始以降は、粉炭の添加を停止した。
具体的には、例えばスクラップが熔体L中で十分に燃焼しなかった場合や、炉本体12のガスゾーンで燃焼した場合には、熔体Lの温度が低下したり、廃熱ボイラー7のガス温度が上昇したりする等の問題の発生が予想される。尚、温度は、K型熱電対及びN型熱電対を用いて測定した。結果を図6に示す。
図5に示される試験結果より、試験開始後(図5のグラフ横軸に示される0(hr)の右側領域)におけるスラグ中銅濃度(%)は、試験開始前(図5のグラフ横軸に示される0(hr)の左側領域)のスラグ中銅濃度(%)と同程度か又はそれ以下であった。このように、本実施例においてランスパイプ15からスクラップを装入したことによる悪影響は見受けられなかった。
また、廃熱ボイラー7のガス温度(℃)についても、試験開始の前後で同程度であった。これにより本実施例において、破砕されたスクラップを用いた場合であっても、該スクラップが熔体L内に深く浸入して良好に処理されていることが確認された。
次に、従来の比較例として、炉本体の天井壁に装入口(投入口)が形成されたS炉(溶錬炉)を用い、有価金属を含有するスクラップ(可燃物)を、前記装入口から熔体の湯面に落下させて装入する操業を実施した。
この比較例においては、熔体への鉱石及びスクラップの装入量は、鉱石が99t、スクラップが試験開始前0.9t、試験開始後2.0tとした。
尚、熔体への粉炭の添加量は、試験開始の前後で変更無しとした。それ以外は上述した実施例と同様の条件として、スラグSg中の銅濃度(%)と、熔体の温度(℃)及び廃熱ボイラーのガス温度(℃)とを測定した。結果を図7及び図8に示す。
図7に示される試験結果より、試験開始後(図7のグラフ横軸に示される0(hr)の右側領域)におけるスラグ中銅濃度(%)は、試験開始前(図7のグラフ横軸に示される0(hr)の左側領域)のスラグ中銅濃度(%)に比べて明らかに増大しており、かつその値も不安定になっていた。これは、未溶解のスクラップに随伴するなどしてスラグSgに移行する有価金属の量が増大しているものと考えられる。
Claims (9)
- 非鉄金属を製錬する炉本体に貯留された熔体の湯面の上方に、該湯面へ向けて開口するパイプを設け、
前記パイプから、有価金属を含有する可燃物と酸素富化空気とを、前記熔体の湯面に吹き込む、可燃物の処理方法。 - 請求項1に記載の可燃物の処理方法であって、
前記パイプとして、非鉄金属を含有する鉱石と酸素富化空気とを前記熔体の湯面に吹き込むランスパイプを用いる、可燃物の処理方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の可燃物の処理方法であって、
互いに樋で連結された溶錬炉、分離炉及び製銅炉を備えた連続製銅設備を用い、
前記溶錬炉では、銅鉱石を加熱溶融してマットとスラグとを含む熔体を生成し、
前記分離炉では、前記溶錬炉で生成されたマットとスラグとを分離し、
前記製銅炉では、前記分離炉で分離されたマットを酸化して粗銅とスラグとを生成し、
前記溶錬炉において、前記パイプから、前記可燃物と前記酸素富化空気とを、前記熔体の湯面に吹き込む、可燃物の処理方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の可燃物の処理方法であって、
前記熔体に装入する前記可燃物から該熔体に寄与される熱量に応じて、前記熔体に装入する石炭の装入量を調整する、可燃物の処理方法。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の可燃物の処理方法であって、
前記炉本体は、銅製錬に用いられるものであり、
前記熔体を後工程で処理して、前記有価金属を粗銅に含ませて回収する、可燃物の処理方法。 - 請求項1に記載の可燃物の処理方法の実施に使用する溶錬炉であって、
前記炉本体に貯留された熔体の湯面の上方に、該湯面へ向けて開口するパイプが設けられ、
前記パイプ内を通して、前記熔体の湯面に、有価金属を含有する可燃物と酸素富化空気とを吹き込み可能に構成した、溶錬炉。 - 請求項6に記載の溶錬炉であって、
前記パイプは、前記熔体の湯面に、非鉄金属を含有する鉱石と酸素富化空気とを吹き込み可能に構成されたランスパイプである、溶錬炉。 - 請求項6又は7に記載の溶錬炉であって、
前記パイプ内に、前記可燃物及び前記酸素富化空気を混合する混合領域が設けられている、溶錬炉。 - 銅鉱石を加熱溶融してマットとスラグとを含む熔体を生成する溶錬炉と、
前記溶錬炉で生成されたマットとスラグとを分離する分離炉と、
前記分離炉で分離されたマットを酸化して粗銅とスラグとを生成する製銅炉と、
前記溶錬炉、前記分離炉及び前記製銅炉を互いに連結する樋と、を備えた連続製銅設備であって、
前記溶錬炉として、請求項6~8のいずれか一項に記載の溶錬炉を用いた、連続製銅設備。
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JP2006022387A (ja) * | 2004-07-09 | 2006-01-26 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | 金属の回収方法 |
Also Published As
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CA2876819C (en) | 2016-12-06 |
US20150176102A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
JP2015003309A (ja) | 2015-01-08 |
PE20150378A1 (es) | 2015-03-19 |
CA2876819A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
KR20150021583A (ko) | 2015-03-02 |
JP5761258B2 (ja) | 2015-08-12 |
MX353324B (es) | 2018-01-08 |
IN2014DN11086A (ja) | 2015-09-25 |
US9745643B2 (en) | 2017-08-29 |
KR101639959B1 (ko) | 2016-07-14 |
MX2014015452A (es) | 2015-07-23 |
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