WO2014190752A1 - 一种高可靠的电动机起动/间歇运行电容器 - Google Patents

一种高可靠的电动机起动/间歇运行电容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014190752A1
WO2014190752A1 PCT/CN2014/000484 CN2014000484W WO2014190752A1 WO 2014190752 A1 WO2014190752 A1 WO 2014190752A1 CN 2014000484 W CN2014000484 W CN 2014000484W WO 2014190752 A1 WO2014190752 A1 WO 2014190752A1
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dielectric layer
region
area
polar
narrow
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PCT/CN2014/000484
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许峰
张自魁
潘浩
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上海皓月电气有限公司
上海皓月电容器有限公司
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Publication of WO2014190752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014190752A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/018Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/14Organic dielectrics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/32Wound capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/33Thin- or thick-film capacitors 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of capacitor technology, and more particularly to a highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation.
  • One of the existing motor starting capacitors is an aluminum electrolytic starting capacitor ⁇ ! As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is wound into an aluminum electrolytic core 36 by electrolytic foil and separator paper.
  • the electrolyte adheres to the electrolytic foil and the separator paper of the aluminum electrolytic core 36, and the aluminum electrolytic core 36 is connected to the bakelite cover 33 and the lead terminal 1 through the lead electrode foil 34, and then loaded into the bakelite case 35, and the aluminum electrolytic core 36 is fixed by the fixing glue 37, and the bakelite cover 33 is crimped to the bakelite case by the metal snap spring 32. 35.
  • the bakelite cover 33 is provided with a pressure release hole 38.
  • FIG. 3 Another type of motor starting capacitor is a metallized polypropylene film starting capacitor: as shown in Fig. 3, it comprises an aluminum casing 9, and upper and lower positioning sleeves 51, 52 are mounted in the aluminum casing 9, above and below.
  • a capacitor core 8 is disposed between the positioning sleeves;
  • a cover body 2 is disposed above the upper positioning sleeve 51 of the aluminum housing 9, and the upper end of the cover body 2 has a lead terminal 1, and the lower end of the lead terminal 1 passes through the upper positioning sleeve through the connecting line 6.
  • the capacitor core 8 is formed by winding two layers of a single non-polar medium polypropylene film.
  • the advantage is that the non-polar medium polypropylene film has stable performance, safety and high reliability.
  • the disadvantages are: The polypropylene film has a small dielectric constant, resulting in a large product volume and high product cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor, which not only solves the problem of large leakage current of the existing aluminum electrolytic starting capacitor, but also has high energy consumption; the leakage current is large, and the reliability of the capacitor failure due to the evaporation of the electrolyte is low.
  • the problem that the pressure release hole is not activated and the bakelite cover punches out is less safe, and the technical problem of the existing metallized polypropylene film start capacitor product is large and costly, and the comprehensive performance of the start capacitor is greatly improved. .
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor comprising a housing in which a capacitor core is mounted; characterized in that: the capacitor core is formed by a composite of a polar dielectric layer and a non-polar dielectric layer.
  • the dielectric constant of the polar medium is large, and the capacitor produced is small in volume. However, because it is a polar medium, its leakage current is relatively large compared with the non-polar medium, and the heat is also relatively serious with respect to the non-polar medium, which is prone to thermal breakdown. .
  • the dielectric constant of the non-polar medium is small, and the capacitor produced is bulky. However, since it is a non-polar medium, its leakage current is very small, and the heat generation is small and the withstand voltage is high, which is very suitable for making an AC capacitor.
  • the motor starting capacitor operates in an alternating current environment, but it is only in operation when the motor is started or the gap is running, and the working time is short.
  • the polar medium acts as a dielectric material for the DC capacitor and is not used for the AC capacitor.
  • Non-polar media works in an AC environment for a short period of time. Although the heat is larger than that of non-polar media, it does not cause severe breakdown. Therefore, it is completely feasible to use two different media to make the starting capacitor, combining the performance of polar and non-polar media.
  • the highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: the polar dielectric layer of the capacitor core is a polyester film, and the non-polar medium layer is a polypropylene film.
  • the highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: the polar dielectric layer of the capacitor core is composed of one layer or more, and the non-polar dielectric layer is composed of one layer or more.
  • the highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: the polar dielectric layer and the non-polar dielectric layer each have a metallization layer.
  • the highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: the safety film having a metallization layer (a polar dielectric layer and a non-polar dielectric layer has a mesh region and a K-shaped region; in the mesh region, The coating of the metallized layer is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by narrow gap strips, and there are narrow coating joints between adjacent small-area units, the outer edge of which is a thickened area, and the thickened area and the small-area unit pass several additional The gap grooves are separated, and the additional gap grooves also have narrow coating contacts; in the ⁇ -shaped region, the outer edges have margins.
  • the high reliability motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: a safety medium having a metalized layer of a polar medium layer and a non-polar medium layer has a grid region and a ⁇ -shaped region; in the grid region, the metal The coating of the layer is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by narrow gap strips, and there are narrow coating joints between adjacent small-area units, and the outer edge has a margin; in the ⁇ -shaped region, the outer edge has a thickened area, plus The thick region is separated from the inner metallized region by a plurality of additional gap grooves, and the additional gap grooves also have narrow coating contacts.
  • the high-reliability motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: a safety medium having a metalized layer of a polar dielectric layer and a non-polar dielectric layer has a mesh region; in the mesh region, a metallization layer is coated It is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by narrow gap strips, and there are narrow coating joints between adjacent small-area units, one side edge has a margin, and the other side edge has a thickened area, a thickened area and a small area.
  • the cells are separated by a number of additional gap slots, which also have narrow coating contacts between the additional gap slots.
  • the high-reliability motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: a safety medium having a metalized layer of a polar medium layer and a non-polar medium layer has a ⁇ -shaped region; and in a ⁇ -shaped region, a side edge thereof has The edge of the edge has a thickened area, and the thickened area is separated from the metallized area inside the shape by a plurality of additional gap grooves, and the additional gap groove also has a narrow coating contact; the edge is insulated from the insulation
  • the region between the ⁇ -shaped regions of the gap is an integral metallized region, and the metalized region and the shaped region having the insulating isolation gap are also separated by a plurality of additional void grooves, and the additional void grooves also have a narrow coating between the regions. contact.
  • the high-reliability motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor is characterized in that: a safety medium having a metalized layer of a polar medium layer and a non-polar medium layer has a ⁇ -shaped region; and in a ⁇ -shaped region, a side edge thereof has The left side edge has a thickened area, and the thickened area is separated from the inner metallized area of the ⁇ -shaped area by a plurality of additional gap grooves, and the additional gap groove also has a narrow coating contact; the ⁇ -shaped area has insulation
  • the isolation gap also has narrow coating contacts between the insulating isolation gaps.
  • the current aluminum electrolytic starting capacitor has large leakage current and high energy consumption; the leakage current is large and easy to be invalid; the electrolyte is volatile and the capacitor is invalid; the pressure release hole is not activated and the bakelite cover is safely punched out. Low problem.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional aluminum electrolytic starting capacitor.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.
  • 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional metallized polypropylene film starting capacitor and Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of a core of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metallized security film in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metallized security film in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metallized security film in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metallized security film in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a metallized security film in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3-5 it is a schematic structural view of a highly reliable motor starting/intermittent operation capacitor embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the casing 9 is an aluminum casing, and upper and lower positioning sleeves 51, 52 are mounted in the casing 9, and a capacitor core 8 is disposed between the upper and lower positioning sleeves;
  • a cover body 2 is disposed above the upper positioning sleeve 51 in the outer casing 9.
  • the upper end of the cover body 2 has a lead terminal 1 , and the lower end of the lead terminal 1 is connected to the capacitor core 8 through the upper positioning sleeve 51 through the connecting wire 6;
  • the cover body 2 is The bead 91 of the aluminum casing 9 is enclosed in an aluminum casing 9.
  • the capacitor core 8 is formed by composite winding of a dielectric layer of two different materials, a polar dielectric layer 81 and a non-polar dielectric layer 82.
  • the advantage of the polar medium is that the dielectric constant is large, and the fabricated capacitor is small.
  • the disadvantage is that the polar medium generates a large heat under the action of alternating current, which is easy to cause thermal breakdown failure.
  • the non-polar medium has the advantages of stable performance and low breakdown field strength. It also exhibits excellent performance under the action of an alternating electric field.
  • the disadvantage is that the dielectric constant of the non-polar medium is small, the capacitor produced is large, and the capacitor made of non-polar medium is bulky and costly, even in some applications. It is bulky and cannot be installed.
  • non-polar media Polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.
  • Common polar media polyester, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc.
  • the polar dielectric layer 81 of the capacitor core 8 is a polyester film
  • the non-polar dielectric layer 82 is a polypropylene film
  • the polar dielectric layer 81 of the capacitor core is composed of one or two or more layers
  • the non-polar dielectric layer 82 is composed of one or two or more layers.
  • Both the polar dielectric layer 81 and the non-polar dielectric layer 82 have a metallization layer 83 thereon.
  • the protective film of the polar dielectric layer 81 having the metallization layer 83 and the non-polar dielectric layer 82 has a mesh region and a ⁇ -shaped region.
  • the coating of the metallization layer 83 is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by a narrow gap strip, and a narrow coating contact 834 is formed between adjacent small-area units, and the outer edge is a thickened area.
  • the thickened area 831 and the small area unit are separated by a plurality of additional gap grooves, and the additional gap grooves also have a narrow coating contact 833; in the ⁇ -shaped area, the outer edge has a retaining edge 84.
  • FIG. 6 is a security film structure of the polar dielectric layer 81 and the non-polar dielectric layer 82 having the metallization layer 83 in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the security film also has a grid region and a shape region; in the grid region, the coating of the metallization layer 83 is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by a narrow gap strip, and there is a narrow shape between adjacent small-area cells.
  • Coating contact 834 the outer edge of which has a retaining edge 84;
  • the outer edge has a thickened area 831, and the thickened area 831 and the inner metallized area 832 of the ⁇ -shaped area are separated by a plurality of additional gap grooves, and the additional gap grooves also have narrow coating contacts 833 therebetween.
  • FIG. 7 it is a security film structure of a polar dielectric layer 81 having a metallization layer 83 and a non-polar dielectric layer 82 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the coating of the metallization layer 83 is divided into a plurality of small-area cells by narrow gap strips, and there are narrow coating contacts 834 between adjacent small-area units, and one side edge has a margin 84 , the other side edge has a thickened area 831, a thickened area
  • the 831 is separated from the small area unit by a number of additional gap slots, and the additional gap slots also have narrow coating contacts 833 therebetween.
  • FIG. 8 it is a security film structure of a polar dielectric layer 81 having a metallization layer 83 and a non-polar dielectric layer 82 in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • one side edge has a retaining edge 84
  • the other side edge has a thickened region 831
  • the thickened region 831 and the ⁇ -shaped inner metallized region 832 pass through a number of additional gap slots.
  • the additional gap grooves also have a narrow coating contact 833
  • the area between the trailing edge 84 and the ⁇ -shaped region having the insulating spacer gap 836 is an integral metallized region 832, which is insulated from the insulation.
  • the ⁇ -shaped regions of the gap 836 are also separated by a number of additional void slots, and the additional void trenches also have narrow coating contacts 833 therebetween.
  • FIG. 9 it is a security film structure of a polar dielectric layer 81 having a metallization layer 83 and a non-polar dielectric layer 82 in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • one side edge has a retaining edge 84
  • the other side edge has a thickened region 831
  • the thickened region 831 and the ⁇ -shaped inner metallized region 832 pass through a number of additional gap slots.
  • the additional void grooves also have narrow coating contacts 833;
  • the ⁇ -shaped regions have insulating isolation gaps 836, and the insulating isolation gaps 836 also have narrow coating contacts 833 therebetween.
  • motor start/intermittent operation capacitors for plastic and bakelite enclosures The structure of the above embodiment is applied to both of them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及电容器技术领域,特别是一种高可靠的电动机起动/间歇运行电容器,它包括一外壳,在外壳内安装有电容芯子;电容芯子由极性介质层及非极性介质层复合卷绕而成。它主要解决现有铝电解起动电容器漏电流大、能耗高、可靠性及安全性低,现有金属化膜起动电容器体积大、成本高的技术问题,大大提高了起动电容器的综合性能。

Description

一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器 技术领域
本发明涉及电容器技术领域,特别是一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行 电^^。
背景技术
现有电动机起动电容器一种是铝电解起动电容 ^!: 如图 1、 图 2所示, 它采用电解箔及隔极纸卷绕成铝电解芯子 36, 电解液粘附在铝电解芯子 36 的电解箔及隔极纸上, 铝电解芯子 36通过引出电极箔 34连接到胶木盖板 33 及引出端子 1 , 然后装入胶木外壳 35, 由固定胶 37将铝电解芯子 36固定, 胶木盖板 33由金属卡簧 32压接在胶木外壳 35, 胶木盖板 33上设置有压力 释放孔 38。 铝电解起动电容器的优点是体积小, 成本低; 其缺点是: 1 ) 漏 电流大, 产品能耗高; 2 ) 漏电流大, 易失效; 3 ) 产品为压封结构, 长时间 放置, 电解液易挥发而导致电容失效; 4) 压力释放孔 38能否可靠启动受金 属卡簧 33对胶木盖板 33的压接强度及其本身的强度影响, 易出现压力释放 孔 38未启动而胶木盖板 33冲出的情况, 安全性较低。
现有电动机起动电容器另一种是金属化聚丙烯薄膜起动电容器: 如图 3 所示, 它包括一铝外壳 9, 在铝外壳 9内安装有上、 下定位套 51、 52, 在上、 下定位套之间设有电容芯子 8;铝外壳 9内的上定位套 51上方设置一盖体 2, 盖体 2上端具有引出端子 1, 该引出端子 1下端通过连接线 6穿过上定位套 51与电容芯子 8连接; 盖体 2被铝外壳 9的卷边 91封装在铝外壳 9内; 其 特征在于: 电容芯子 8由两层单一的非极性介质聚丙烯薄膜经卷绕而成。 优 点是非极性介质聚丙烯薄膜性能稳定、 安全及可靠性高。 但缺点是: 聚丙烯 薄膜介电常数较小, 导致产品体积较大, 产品成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,不但 解决现有铝电解起动电容器漏电流大, 产品能耗高; 漏电流大、 电解液挥发 导致电容失效的可靠性较低; 压力释放孔未启动而胶木盖板冲出的安全性较 低的问题, 而且解决现有金属化聚丙烯薄膜起动电容器产品体积较大、 成本 高的技术问题,大大提高了起动电容器的综合性能。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明的技术方案是:
一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 它包括一外壳, 在外壳内安 装有电容芯子; 其特征在于: 电容芯子由极性介质层及非极性介质层复合卷 绕而成。
极性介质的介电常数大, 制成的电容器体积较小, 但因其为极性介质, 其漏电流相对非极性介质较大, 发热也相对非极性介质严重, 易出现热击穿。 非极性介质的介电常数较小,制成的电容器体积较大, 但因其为非极性介质, 其漏电流非常小, 发热小耐压高, 非常适合制作交流电容。 电动机起动电容 器工作于交流电环境, 但其仅在电动机起动或间隙运行时才处于工作状态, 工作时间较短。 因此, 在电容器行业, 极性介质均作为直流电容器的介质材 料, 而不用于交流电容器。 而非极性介质在交流电环境短时间工作, 虽发热 量较非极性介质大, 但不会产生严重的击穿。 因此, 综合极性介质与非极性 介质的性能, 采用两种不同的介质制作起动电容是完全可行的。 所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 该电容芯子 的极性介质层为聚酯薄膜, 非极性介质层为聚丙烯薄膜。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 该电容芯子 的极性介质层由一层或两层以上组成,非极性介质层由一层或两层以上组成。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 该极性介质 层和非极性介质层上均具有金属化层。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 具有金属化 层(的极性介质层及非极性介质层的安全膜具有网格区和 K形区; 在网格区, 金属化层的镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有 有窄形镀膜接点, 其外侧边缘为加厚区, 加厚区与小面积单元之间通过若干 附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点; 在 π形区, 其外侧 边缘具有留边。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 具有金属化 层的极性介质层及非极性介质层的安全膜具有网格区和 π形区; 在网格区, 金属化层的镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有 有窄形镀膜接点, 其外侧边缘具有留边; 在 π形区, 其外侧边缘具有加厚区, 加厚区与 形区内侧金属化区域之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽 之间也具有窄形镀膜接点。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 具有金属化 层的极性介质层及非极性介质层的安全膜具有网格区; 在网格区, 金属化层 的镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀 膜接点, 其一侧边缘具有留边, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区, 加厚区与小面积 单元之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点。 所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器,其特征在于: 具有金属化 层的极性介质层及非极性介质层的安全膜具有 π形区; 在 π形区, 其一侧边 缘具有留边, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区, 加厚区与 形区内侧金属化区域之 间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点; 留边与 具有绝缘隔离间隙的 π形区区域之间的区域为一整体金属化区域, 该金属化 区域与具有绝缘隔离间隙的 形区区域之间也通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附 加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点。
所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特征在于: 具有金属化 层的极性介质层及非极性介质层的安全膜具有 π形区; 在 π形区, 其一侧边 缘具有留边, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区, 加厚区与 π形区内侧金属化区域之 间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点; π形区 具有绝缘隔离间隙, 绝缘隔离间隙之间也具有窄形镀膜接点。
与现有技术相比, 本发明的有益效果是:
1、解决了现有铝电解起动电容器漏电流大, 产品能耗高; 漏电流大, 易 失效; 电解液易挥发而导致电容失效; 压力释放孔未启动而胶木盖板冲出的 安全性较低的问题。
2、解决了现有金属化聚丙烯薄膜起动电容器产品体积较大、成本高的技 术问题。
附图说明
图 1是现有一种铝电解起动电容器的结构示意图。
图 2是图 1的俯视图。 图 3是现有一种金属化聚丙烯膜起动电容器及本发明实施例 1的结构示 意图。
图 4是本发明实施例 1的芯子的结构示意图。
图 5是本发明实施例 1中金属化安全膜的结构示意图。
图 6是本发明实施例 2中金属化安全膜的结构示意图。
图 7是本发明实施例 3中金属化安全膜的结构示意图。
图 8是本发明实施例 4中金属化安全膜的结构示意图。
图 9是本发明实施例 5中金属化安全膜的结构示意图。
图中: 1-引出端子; 2-盖体; 3-防爆块; 4-焊片; 51-上定位套; 52 -下 定位套; 6-连接线; 7-填充料; 8-电容芯子; 9-铝外壳; 91-卷边 10-喷金层; 11-焊锡; 32-金属卡簧; 33-胶木盖板; 34-引出电极箔; 35-胶木外壳; 36- 铝电解芯子; 37-固定胶; 38-压力释放孔; 81-极性介质层; 82-非极性介质 层; 83-金属化层; 84-留边; 85-错边; 831-加厚区; 832-金属化区域; 833、 834-窄形镀膜接点; 836-绝缘隔离间隙。
具体实施方式
请参阅图 3-5, 它是本发明一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器实 施例 1的结构示意图。 如图所示: 它包括一外壳 9, 该外壳 9为铝外壳, 在 外壳 9内安装有上、 下定位套 51、 52, 在上、 下定位套之间设有电容芯子 8; 该铝外壳 9内的上定位套 51上方设置一盖体 2,盖体 2上端具有引出端子 1, 该引出端子 1下端通过连接线 6穿过上定位套 51与电容芯子 8连接; 盖体 2 被铝外壳 9的卷边 91封装在铝外壳 9内。 电容芯子 8由极性介质层 81及非 极性介质层 82两种不同材料介质层复合卷绕而成。 极性介质优点为介电常数大, 制作的电容器体积小, 缺点是极性介质在 交流电作用下发热较大, 易导致热击穿失效; 非极性介质优点为性能稳定, 击穿场强低, 在交流电场作用下也能表现出优良的性能, 缺点是非极性介质 介电常数小, 制作的电容器体积大, 采用非极性介质制作的电容器体积大, 成本高, 甚至在一些应用场所因体积较大而无法安装。
常用的非极性介质: 聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚苯乙烯、 聚四氟乙烯等 常用的极性介质: 聚酯、 聚碳酸酯、 聚酰亚胺、 聚偏氟乙烯等
作为一种优选方案, 该电容芯子 8的极性介质层 81为聚酯薄膜, 非极性 介质层 82为聚丙烯薄膜。
该电容芯子的极性介质层 81 由一层或两层以上组成, 非极性介质层 82 由一层或两层以上组成。
该极性介质层 81和非极性介质层 82上均具有金属化层 83。
实施例 1中,具有金属化层 83的极性介质层 81及非极性介质层 82的安 全膜具有网格区和 π形区。如图 5所示: 在网格区, 金属化层 83的镀膜被窄 空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜接点 834, 其外侧边缘为加厚区 831, 加厚区 831与小面积单元之间通过若干附加空隙 槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 833; 在 π形区, 其外侧边缘 具有留边 84。
再请参阅图 6, 它是本发明实施例 2中的具有金属化层 83的极性介质层 81及非极性介质层 82的安全膜结构。 如图所示: 该安全膜也具有网格区和 形区; 在网格区, 金属化层 83的镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜接点 834, 其外侧边缘具有留边 84; 在 π 形区,其外侧边缘具有加厚区 831,加厚区 831与 π形区内侧金属化区域 832 之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 833。
再请参阅图 7, 它是本发明实施例 3中的具有金属化层 83的极性介质层 81及非极性介质层 82的安全膜结构。 如图所示: 在网格区, 金属化层 83的 镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜 接点 834, 其一侧边缘具有留边 84, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区 831, 加厚区
831 与小面积单元之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄 形镀膜接点 833。
再请参阅图 8, 它是本发明实施例 4中的具有金属化层 83的极性介质层 81及非极性介质层 82的安全膜结构。 如图所示: 在 π形区, 其一侧边缘具 有留边 84, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区 831, 加厚区 831与 π形区内侧金属化 区域 832之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接 点 833; 留边 84与具有绝缘隔离间隙 836的 π形区区域之间的区域为一整体 金属化区域 832, 该金属化区域 832与具有绝缘隔离间隙 836的 π形区区域 之间也通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 833。
再请参阅图 9, 它是本发明实施例 5中的具有金属化层 83的极性介质层 81及非极性介质层 82的安全膜结构。 如图所示: 在 π形区, 其一侧边缘具 有留边 84, 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区 831, 加厚区 831与 π形区内侧金属化 区域 832之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接 点 833; π形区具有绝缘隔离间隙 836,绝缘隔离间隙 836之间也具有窄形镀 膜接点 833。
作为更多的变化方式,塑料外壳和胶木外壳的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容 器均适用上述实施例的结构。
综上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而己, 并非用来限定本发明的实施范 围。 即凡依本发明申请专利范围的内容所作的等效变化与修饰, 都应为本发 明的技术范畴。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 它包括一外壳 (9), 在 外壳 (9) 内安装有电容芯子 (8); 其特征在于: 电容芯子 (8) 由极性介质 层 (81 )及非极性介质层 (82) 复合卷绕而成。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于:该电容芯子(8)的极性介质层(81 )为聚酯薄膜,非极性介质层(82) 为聚丙烯薄膜。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 该电容芯子(8) 的极性介质层(81 ) 由一层或两层以上组成, 非极 性介质层 (82) 由一层或两层以上组成。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于:该极性介质层(81 )和非极性介质层(82 )上均具有金属化层(83)。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 具有金属化层 (83) 的极性介质层 (81 ) 及非极性介质层 (82) 的 安全膜具有网格区和 π形区; 在网格区, 金属化层 (83) 的镀膜被窄空隙条 分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜接点 (834), 其 外侧边缘为加厚区(831 ), 加厚区(831 )与小面积单元之间通过若干附加空 隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 (833); 在: II形区, 其外侧 边缘具有留边 (84)。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 具有金属化层 (83) 的极性介质层 (81 ) 及非极性介质层 (82) 的 安全膜具有网格区和 π形区; 在网格区, 金属化层 (83) 的镀膜被窄空隙条 分割成若干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜接点 (834), 其 外侧边缘具有留边(84);在 π形区,其外侧边缘具有加厚区(831),加厚区
(831) 与 形区内侧金属化区域 (832) 之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附 加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 (833)。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 具有金属化层 (83) 的极性介质层 (81)及非极性介质层 (82) 的 安全膜具有网格区; 在网格区, 金属化层 (83) 的镀膜被窄空隙条分割成若 干小面积单元, 相邻小面积单元之间有有窄形镀膜接点 (834), 其一侧边缘 具有留边 (84), 其另一侧边缘具有加厚区 (831), 加厚区 (831) 与小面积 单元之间通过若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点
(833)。
8、 根据权利要求 4所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 具有金属化层 (83) 的极性介质层 (81)及非极性介质层 (82) 的 安全膜具有: rr形区;在 π形区,其一侧边缘具有留边(84),其另一侧边缘具 有加厚区 (831), 加厚区 (831) 与 π形区内侧金属化区域(832) 之间通过 若干附加空隙槽分隔,附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点(833);留边(84) 与具有绝缘隔离间隙 (836) 的 π形区区域之间的区域为一整体金属化区域
(832), 该金属化区域 (832) 与具有绝缘隔离间隙 (836) 的 π形区区域之 间也通过若干附加空隙槽分隔,附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点(833)。
9、 根据权利要求 4所述的高可靠的电动机起动 /间歇运行电容器, 其特 征在于: 具有金属化层 (83) 的极性介质层 (81)及非极性介质层 (82) 的 安全膜具有 π形区; 在 π形区, 其一侧边缘具有留边(84), 其另一侧边缘具 有加厚区 (831), 加厚区 (831) 与 π形区内侧金属化区域 (832) 之间通过 若干附加空隙槽分隔, 附加空隙槽之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 (833); π形区 具有绝缘隔离间隙 (836), 绝缘隔离间隙 (836) 之间也具有窄形镀膜接点 (833)ο
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