WO2014185057A1 - 水力発電装置 - Google Patents
水力発電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014185057A1 WO2014185057A1 PCT/JP2014/002521 JP2014002521W WO2014185057A1 WO 2014185057 A1 WO2014185057 A1 WO 2014185057A1 JP 2014002521 W JP2014002521 W JP 2014002521W WO 2014185057 A1 WO2014185057 A1 WO 2014185057A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- runner
- water
- hydroelectric generator
- upstream
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
- F05B2220/7066—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05B2240/121—Baffles or ribs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/98—Lubrication
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydroelectric generator, and more particularly to a small-scale hydroelectric generator.
- small-scale hydroelectric generators that are installed in waterways with elevation differences such as water and sewage systems, small rivers, agricultural waterways, factory wastewater, and dam discharge water are known.
- small-scale hydroelectric power generation refers to performing small-scale power generation (for example, 1000 kW or less) using unused hydroelectric energy that has not been considered so far.
- small-scale hydropower generation has attracted particular attention because it can realize local production and local consumption of energy in difficult places.
- the hydroelectric generator includes a boss loosely inserted into the runner, and a plurality of guide vanes (guide vanes) disposed between the outer periphery of the boss and the inner wall of the casing on the upstream side of the runner. It is comprised so that flowing water may be guided so that a runner may be efficiently rotated with a guide blade.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a hydroelectric power generation device that prevents clogging of dust around the guide vane and removes clogging around the guide vane without performing maintenance work. Suggest what you can do.
- the inventors may clog the dust around the guide vanes (for example, the gap between adjacent guide vanes or between the guide vanes and the boss), but around the runner vanes provided in the runner (for example, adjacent runner vanes) I learned empirically that there was no clogging in the gap between the runner blades and the boss.
- the inventors considered the cause of this phenomenon as follows. Since flowing water flows axially into the casing, water in a certain direction (direction parallel to the axial direction) flows into the guide vanes fixed to the casing. On the other hand, the runner blades are subjected to water flowing in the direction inclined from the axial direction due to the action of the guide blades, and further, the flow of water around the runner blades changes due to rotation.
- the direction of the flowing water acting on the guide vanes is inclined from the axial direction, and the structure that changes the direction of the flowing water is clogged with dust around the guide vanes. To prevent this.
- the hydroelectric generator according to the present invention is A casing having a cylindrical flow path centered on the water wheel shaft, and configured to allow water to flow axially through the flow path;
- a runner having a plurality of runner blades arranged annularly around the water wheel shaft in the casing;
- a rotor provided in the runner and rotating integrally with the runner;
- a fixed boss provided in the casing and fixed in position relative to the casing;
- a stator provided on the casing or the fixed boss so as to face the rotor;
- a plurality of guide vanes provided on the outer peripheral side of the fixed boss on the upstream side of the runner;
- a plurality of rotating blades provided on the upstream side of the plurality of guide blades.
- the stator includes those provided directly or indirectly on the casing.
- the stator may be provided directly on the casing, or the stator may be a fixed boss fixed to the casing. Or the like.
- the direction of the flowing water flowing into the guide blades is inclined from the axial direction by the action of the rotary blades provided upstream of the plurality of guide blades, and the direction of the flowing water is changed by changing the density of the flowing water. Change.
- the hydroelectric generator further includes a rotating shaft body that rotates about the water wheel shaft upstream of the fixed boss in the casing, and the plurality of rotating blades are provided around the rotating shaft body. It may be what has been.
- the rotating shaft body has an upstream end surface of the fixed boss and a downstream end surface facing the axial direction, and a shaft and an upstream end surface of the rotating shaft body and an upstream end surface of the fixed boss It is desirable that a support portion made of a bearing and a magnet repelling each other are provided.
- the hydroelectric generator further includes an annular body that rotates about the water wheel shaft on the upstream side of the fixed boss in the casing, and the plurality of rotating blades are provided on the annular body. May be.
- the hydroelectric generator further includes a water-lubricated bearing that allows the casing to support a load applied to the annular body.
- the axial distance between the rotary blade and the guide blade may be 0.1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
- it is desirable that the rotary blade has a downstream side edge parallel to the upstream side edge of the guide blade.
- the rotating blade may have a smaller inclination with respect to the water wheel shaft than the runner blade.
- slope refers to the magnitude (absolute value) of the slope.
- the energy loss of the flowing water due to the rotating water contacting the rotating blades and rotating the rotating blades can be suppressed.
- the direction of the flowing water flowing into the guide vanes can be changed by the action of the rotary vanes provided upstream of the plurality of guide vanes.
- the rotary vanes provided upstream of the plurality of guide vanes.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a hydroelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the hydroelectric generator.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the water turbine and the generator.
- FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view for explaining a support portion provided on the fixed boss and the rotating shaft body.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction of a hydroelectric generator that explains a modification of the rotary blade.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a hydroelectric generator 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of the hydroelectric generator 10
- FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of a turbine 4 and a generator 1. It is a conceptual sectional view.
- a hydraulic power generation apparatus 10 includes a water turbine 4 that converts flowing water energy into mechanical energy, a generator 1 that converts mechanical energy into electricity, and a water turbine 4. And a casing 5 for housing the generator 1.
- the hydroelectric generator 10 has an imaginary water wheel shaft H.
- a direction parallel to the water wheel shaft H is referred to as an axial direction
- a direction orthogonal to the water wheel shaft H is referred to as a radial direction.
- the casing 5 includes an upstream casing 5a, a downstream casing 5c, and a stator casing 5b provided between the upstream casing 5a and the downstream casing 5c.
- the upstream casing 5a and the stator casing 5b are fastened by a fastener, and the stator casing 5b and the downstream casing 5c are fastened by a fastener, whereby the casing 5 is integrally formed.
- the casing 5 has a cylindrical flow path centered on the water wheel shaft H, and is configured such that water flows in the axial direction through the flow path.
- the upstream casing 5 a is connected to a pipe that forms a water channel on the upstream side of the hydroelectric generator 10, and guides running water from the water channel to the water turbine 4 in the casing 5. Further, the downstream casing 5c is connected to a pipe that forms a downstream water channel of the hydroelectric generator 10, and rotates the water wheel 4 to return the running water used for power generation to the downstream water channel.
- the hydroelectric generator 10 is used by being interposed in a water channel formed by piping or the like.
- the generator 1 includes an armature 2 and a field magnet 34.
- the armature 2 is a stator (stator) and the field 34 is a rotor (rotor).
- the armature 2 includes an armature core (laminated core) 21 and an armature coil 22 wound around the armature core 21.
- the armature core 21 is composed of an annular thin plate-like core member that is laminated in the axial direction.
- the armature 2 is accommodated in the stator casing 5b so that the direction of the magnetic flux generated from the armature core 21 when the current flows through the armature coil 22 is perpendicular to the radial direction.
- the stator casing 5b is a hollow member having an annular shape, and has an annular space 13 in which the armature 2 is accommodated.
- An annular opening 13a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator casing 5b facing the field 34.
- the annular opening 13 a is sealed with an annular sealing member (can) 15.
- the sealing member 15 according to the present embodiment is a thin band with a hooked annular shape made of a material having insulating properties and water resistance and extremely low eddy current loss.
- the sealing member 15 sandwiches the inner peripheral side of the armature core 21 with the flange, and is fixed in a watertight manner to the annular opening 13a through a seal component such as an O-ring.
- the annular space 13 of the stator casing 5b is a sealed space having water tightness.
- the field magnet 34 is provided around the runner 3 that rotates by the action of flowing water, and rotates around the water wheel shaft H integrally with the runner 3.
- the field magnet 34 is a permanent magnet, and a rare earth magnet having a strong magnet strength is used.
- the runner 3 includes an annular runner base 37 centered on the water wheel shaft H and a plurality of runner blades (runner vanes) 31.
- the runner base 37 has an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameters of the upstream casing 5a and the downstream casing 5c, and has a width (axial length) smaller than the distance between the upstream casing 5a and the downstream casing 5c.
- a protrusion that is a holding portion 371 for the field magnet 34 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the runner base 37.
- the holding portion 371 holds a plurality of field magnets 34, and the plurality of field magnets 34 are arranged on the same circumference around the water wheel shaft H.
- a yoke 33 serving as a magnetic flux path is formed on the inner peripheral side of the plurality of field magnets 34.
- a thin synthetic resin ring 35 is fitted on the outer peripheral side of the plurality of field magnets 34 in order to prevent the field magnets 34 from scattering and getting wet.
- the synthetic resin ring 35 provided on the outer peripheral side of the field magnet 34 and the sealing member 15 provided on the inner peripheral side of the armature core 21 are opposed to each other with a predetermined minute gap (gap).
- a predetermined minute gap gap
- the thickness of the synthetic resin ring 35 and the sealing member 15 is reduced, and the gap between the two is reduced so that the field 34 and the armature core 21 are as close as possible.
- they are arranged.
- the runner base 37 is supported on the casing 5 via the water-lubricated bearing 11 so as to rotate about the water wheel shaft H in a state where the field magnet 34 and the armature core 21 face each other.
- the water-lubricated bearing 11 includes a first bearing member 11 a that supports the runner base 37 from the upstream side, a second bearing member 11 b that supports the runner base 37 from the downstream side, and a gap between the bearing members 11 a and 11 b and the runner base 37.
- a water supply mechanism 16 is provided for supplying water as a lubricant.
- the first bearing member 11a and the second bearing member 11b are both annular bodies around the water wheel shaft H.
- the first bearing member 11a is elastically supported via an elastic member (not shown) on the downstream flange of the upstream casing 5a and the inner peripheral surface of the stator casing 5b.
- the second bearing member 11b is elastically supported via an elastic member (not shown) on the upstream flange of the downstream casing 5c and the inner peripheral surface of the stator casing 5b.
- the inner peripheral surfaces of the bearing members 11a and 11b are ceramic-coated, and the bearing members 11a and 11b function as radial bearings that support the outer peripheral surface of the runner base 37 via a water film.
- the water supply mechanism 16 includes a branch nozzle 16a provided in the upstream casing 5a, a water supply nozzle 16b provided in the vicinity of the second bearing member 11b, and a pipe (not shown) that connects the branch nozzle 16a and the water supply nozzle 16b. It is configured.
- the flowing water in the upstream casing 5a flows into the branch nozzle 16a, and this water is discharged from the water supply nozzle 16b to the vicinity of the second bearing member 11b to lubricate the interface between the bearing members 11a and 11b and the runner base 37. A water film is formed.
- the plurality of runner blades 31 are arranged in an annular shape around the water wheel shaft H on the inner peripheral side of the runner base 37 to form an annular blade row.
- the outer peripheral side of each runner blade 31 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the runner base 37.
- the runner blade 31 is an axial flow type, and when the runner blade 31 receives the force of flowing water, a component force is generated in the circumferential direction, and the runner 3 rotates.
- the magnetic field formed by the field magnet 34 rotates to give a magnetic flux change to the armature core 21.
- an induced current generated in the armature coil 22 is extracted to the outside through a lead wire (not shown) connected to the armature coil 22.
- the water wheel 4 includes the runner 3, a boss 41 (fixed boss) passed through the inner peripheral side of the runner blade 31 in the axial direction, and a plurality of guide blades 42 provided around the boss 41 on the upstream side of the runner 3. And a plurality of rotating blades 44 provided on the upstream side of the plurality of guide blades 42.
- the runner 3 is an element of the rotating part of the water wheel 4 and converts the energy of running water into mechanical energy.
- the boss 41 collects running water in the casing 5 in the direction of the inner wall of the casing 5 to increase the flow velocity.
- the plurality of guide blades 42 adjust the flow rate of running water hitting the runner blades 31 and guide the direction of running water to match the inclination of the runner blades 31 in order to efficiently rotate the runner 3.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 are intended to incline the direction of flowing water acting on the guide blade 42 from the axial direction and to change the direction of flowing water.
- the boss 41 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the runner 3 (the inner peripheral side of the plurality of runner blades 31). A predetermined gap is provided between the inner peripheral end 31a of the plurality of runner blades 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 41 so that they do not come into contact with each other.
- the boss 41 has an axial length extending from the upstream casing 5 a to the downstream casing 5 c, and the position is fixed with respect to the casing 5 so that the water wheel shaft H passes through the radial center of the boss 41.
- a plurality of guide vanes (guide vanes) 42 are provided between the outer periphery of the boss 41 and the inner wall of the casing 5 and upstream of the runner 3 (the plurality of runner blades 31).
- the plurality of guide vanes 42 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the same circumference around the water wheel shaft H.
- 6 to 8 guide blades 42 form an annular blade row at equal intervals on the outer peripheral side (radially outer side) of the boss 41.
- the inner peripheral side of each guide blade 42 is close to the outer peripheral surface of the boss 41, and the outer peripheral side is also close to the inner wall surface of the casing 5.
- the guide blade 42 is inclined in the direction opposite to the inclination of the runner blade 31 with respect to the water wheel axis H.
- the guide vane 42 is a movable vane having a variable inclination, and is configured such that the opening degree of the plurality of guide vanes 42 is changed in conjunction with a guide vane operating mechanism (not shown).
- the guide blade operation mechanism is configured to change the inclination of the guide blade 42 continuously or stepwise.
- the guide vane 42 according to the present embodiment is inclined so that it tilts ⁇ 5 degrees with respect to the water wheel shaft H when the flow rate exceeds a predetermined flow rate, and ⁇ 26 degrees with respect to the water wheel shaft H when the flow rate is less than the predetermined flow rate. Adjusted.
- a plurality of rotating blades 44 that rotate about the water wheel shaft H are arranged upstream of the plurality of guide blades 42.
- the direction of inclination of the plurality of rotating blades 44 may be the same as the direction of inclination of either the runner blade 31 or the guide blade 42.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 are fixed around a rotating shaft body 46 that rotates about the water wheel shaft H.
- the upstream side of the rotating shaft 46 is formed in a hemispherical shape so that the flowing water can be smoothly moved toward the inner wall of the casing 5.
- the downstream end surface 46 a of the rotating shaft body 46 faces the upstream end surface 41 a of the boss 41.
- the outer diameter of the downstream end surface 46 a of the rotating shaft body 46 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the upstream end surface 41 a of the boss 41, and dust is sandwiched between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft body 46 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 41. There is no radial step.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view in the axial direction for explaining the support portion 14 provided on the fixed boss 41 and the rotating shaft body 46.
- the upstream end surface 41a of the fixed boss 41 and the downstream end surface 46a of the rotating shaft body 46 are provided with a support portion 14 including a shaft (support shaft 14b) and a bearing (bearing portion 14a).
- a circular hole-shaped bearing portion 14 a is provided at a position overlapping the water wheel shaft H.
- a support shaft 14 b is projected from the upstream end surface 41 a of the boss 41 at a position overlapping the water wheel shaft H.
- the support shaft 14 b is loosely inserted into the bearing portion 14 a of the rotating shaft body 46.
- a coating film such as a resin material or a ceramic material with low friction is formed in order to reduce the friction generated between them.
- the space between the bearing portion 14a and the support shaft 14b is lubricated with water.
- the support shaft 14 b is configured as a part of the water injection pipe 52, and a lubricating water supply passage 51 is provided inside the water injection pipe 52.
- the water injection pipe 52 according to the present embodiment includes a base portion 52b located on the downstream side of the boss 41 and a shaft portion 52a that overlaps the water wheel shaft H through the inside of the boss 41.
- the shaft portion 52a and the base portion 52b are integrally connected, and a continuous supply passage 51 is provided inside.
- the inlet 51a of the supply passage 51 is connected to the water supply nozzle 16b of the water supply mechanism 16 described above (see FIG. 2), and water is supplied to the supply passage 51 by the water supply mechanism 16.
- the outlet 51b of the supply passage 51 opens into the bearing portion 14a, and lubricating water is injected from the outlet 51b between the bearing portion 14a and the support shaft 14b.
- the rotating shaft body 46 is held in the upstream casing 5a so as to be rotatable about the water wheel shaft H by the support portion 14 having the above configuration.
- the bearing portion 14a is provided on the rotary shaft body 46 and the support shaft 14b is provided on the boss 41.
- the bearing portion 14a may be provided on the boss 41 and the support shaft 14b may be provided on the rotary shaft body 46. It doesn't matter.
- a plurality of permanent magnets 47 arranged in an annular shape around the water wheel shaft H are embedded in the downstream end surface 46 a of the rotating shaft body 46.
- a plurality of permanent magnets 49 are embedded in the upstream end surface 41 a of the boss 41 so as to correspond to the permanent magnets 47 provided on the rotary shaft body 46.
- the permanent magnet 47 and the permanent magnet 49 have different poles. As a result of the repulsion between the permanent magnet 47 and the permanent magnet 49, the downstream end surface 46 a of the rotating shaft body 46 and the upstream end surface 41 a of the boss 41 are sufficiently close and separated.
- the strength of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 47 and the permanent magnet 49 is such that the gap between the downstream end surface 46a of the rotating shaft body 46 and the upstream end surface 41a of the boss 41 does not come into contact with each other. It is determined to have a size (for example, 5 mm or less) that does not clog (for example, fallen leaves).
- the downstream edge 44a of the rotating blade 44 is formed to be substantially parallel to the upstream edge 42a of the guide blade 42, and the downstream edge 44a of the rotating blade 44 and the upstream edge 42a of the guide blade 42 A predetermined gap t is provided between the two.
- the size of the gap t is a value larger than 0 so that the rotating blade 44 and the guide blade 42 do not contact each other, and is a value of 0.1 mm or more in view of safety. Further, the size of the gap t is desirably 5 mm or less so that dust (for example, fallen leaves) to be sandwiched between the adjacent guide blades 42 or between the boss 41 and the guide blades 42 can be scraped out. .
- the downstream side edge 44a of the rotary blade 44 and the upstream side edge 42a of the guide blade 42 are sufficiently close to each other.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 rotate upstream of the plurality of guide blades 42 by the action of flowing water.
- the direction of the flowing water acting on the guide vane 42 is inclined from the axial direction, and the density of the flowing water is changed, so that the direction and speed of the flowing water are changed. Due to such a change in the direction of flowing water, dust that is about to be clogged in the vicinity of the upstream portion of the guide vane 42 (for example, the gap between adjacent guide vanes 42 or between the guide vane 42 and the boss 41) is washed out. Further, even if dust is clogged around the upstream portion of the guide vane 42, the dust is scraped out by a plurality of rotating vanes 44 and is poured into running water.
- the dust that has passed through the upstream portion of the guide vane 42 and has flowed to the downstream side is crushed by the rotating runner vane 31, or between the bearing members 11 a and 11 b of the water-lubricated bearing 11 and the runner base 37. It is pulverized between them and discharged downstream with running water.
- the action of the plurality of rotary blades 44 can prevent clogging of dust around the guide blades 42. Furthermore, even if dust is clogged around the guide vane 42, the clogging of dust can be eliminated by the action of the plurality of rotary vanes 44 without requiring special maintenance work.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 rotate at an extremely low speed as compared with the runner 3. For this reason, the inclination (blade angle) of the rotary blade 44 with respect to the water wheel axis H is smaller than the inclination of the runner blade 31 with respect to the water wheel axis H.
- the “tilt” is the magnitude (absolute value) of the tilt. Since the rotating blades 44 and the runner blades 31 may have different inclination directions with respect to the water wheel axis H, the inclinations of the rotating blades 44 and the runner blades 31 with respect to the water wheel shaft H are compared with their absolute values. .
- the rotation speed of the rotating blade 44 is only required to be slightly rotated, it is sufficient that the inclination of the rotating blade 44 with respect to the water wheel axis H is larger than 0 and is large enough to obtain the initial torque of the rotation of the rotating blade 44. is there. Thus, the loss of flowing water energy can be suppressed by rotating the rotating blades 44 at a low speed within a possible range.
- the number of the rotating blades 44 is desirably 2 or more and 4 or less.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 are provided around the rotating shaft body 46 provided on the upstream side of the boss 41.
- the hydroelectric generator 10 can be provided with a plurality of rotating blades 44 with a smaller number of parts, a simpler structure, and a smaller occupied space.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 may be provided in the hydroelectric generator 10 in the manner described below, for example.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the axial direction of the hydroelectric generator 10 for explaining a modification of the rotary blade 44.
- the same or similar members as those in the above-described embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and description thereof may be omitted.
- a plurality of rotating blades 44 are provided in the casing 5 on the upstream side of the plurality of guide blades 42.
- the direction of inclination of the plurality of rotating blades 44 may be the same as the direction of inclination of either the runner blade 31 or the guide blade 42.
- the plurality of rotating blades 44 are fixed to the inner peripheral side of the annular body 63 that rotates about the water wheel shaft H.
- the annular body 63 is supported on the casing 5 (upstream casing 5a) via a water-lubricated bearing 61.
- the water-lubricated bearing 61 is for allowing the casing 5 to support loads in the axial direction (thrust direction) and the radial direction (radial direction) applied to the annular body 63.
- the water-lubricated bearing 61 includes a first bearing member 61 a that supports the annular body 63 from the upstream side, a second bearing member 61 b that supports the annular body 63 from the downstream side, and a gap between the bearing members 61 a and 61 b and the annular body 63.
- a water supply mechanism 16 is provided for supplying water as a lubricant.
- Each of the first bearing member 61a and the second bearing member 61b is an annular body centering on the water wheel shaft H.
- the 1st bearing member 61a and the 2nd bearing member 61b are elastically supported via the elastic member by the bearing accommodating part 62 formed in the upstream casing 5a.
- the inner peripheral surfaces of the bearing members 61a and 61b are ceramic-coated, and the bearing members 61a and 61b function as radial bearings that support the outer peripheral surface of the annular body 63 via a water film. Further, the surfaces of the bearing members 61a and 61b facing each other are also coated with ceramic, and the bearing members 61a and 61b function as thrust bearings that support the annular body 63 via a water film.
- the water supply mechanism 16 includes a branch nozzle 16a provided in the upstream casing 5a, a water supply nozzle 16c provided in the vicinity of the second bearing member 61b, and a pipe (not shown) that connects the branch nozzle 16a and the water supply nozzle 16c. It is configured.
- the flowing water in the upstream casing 5a flows into the branch nozzle 16a, and this water is discharged from the water supply nozzle 16c to the vicinity of the second bearing member 61b to lubricate the interface between the bearing members 61a and 61b and the annular body 63. A water film is formed.
- the generator 1 including the armature 2 and the field 34 may take another aspect.
- the generator 1 can be configured by providing the field magnet 34 on the upstream side surface of the water wheel 4 and providing the armature 2 on the boss 41 so as to face the field magnet 34.
Abstract
Description
水車軸を中心とした円筒形状の流路を有し、該流路を水が軸方向に流れるように構成されたケーシングと、
前記ケーシング内において前記水車軸を中心として環状に並べられた複数のランナ羽根を有するランナと、
前記ランナに設けられて該ランナと一体的に回転する回転子と、
前記ケーシング内に設けられ且つ当該ケーシングに対して相対的に位置固定された固定ボスと、
前記回転子と対向するように前記ケーシング又は前記固定ボスに設けられた固定子と、
前記ランナの上流側において前記固定ボスの外周側に設けられた複数の案内羽根と、
前記複数の案内羽根よりも上流側に設けられた複数の回転羽根とを備えていることを特徴とするものである。なお、上記において固定子はケーシングに直接的又は間接的に設けられたものを含み、例えば、固定子はケーシングに直接的に設けられていてもよいし、固定子はケーシングに固定された固定ボスなどの部材に設けられていてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、複数の回転羽根44は、ボス41の上流側に設けられた回転軸体46の周囲に設けられている。このような構成とすることにより、より少ない部品点数、より簡易な構造、且つより小さな占有空間で、水力発電装置10に複数の回転羽根44を備えることができる。ただし、複数の回転羽根44は、例えば、以下に説明するような態様で水力発電装置10に設けられていてもよい。
2 電機子(固定子)
21 電機子鉄心
22 電機子コイル
3 ランナ
4 水車
5 ケーシング
10 水力発電装置
11 水潤滑式軸受
13 環状空間
13a 環状開口
14 支承部
15 封止部材
16 水供給機構
16a 分岐ノズル
16b,c 給水ノズル
31 ランナ羽根
33 ヨーク
34 界磁(回転子)
35 合成樹脂リング
37 ランナベース
41 ボス(固定ボス)
42 案内羽根
44 回転羽根
46 回転軸体
47,49 永久磁石
51 供給通路
52 注水パイプ
61 水潤滑式軸受
62 軸受収容部
63 環状体
Claims (8)
- 水車軸を中心とした円筒形状の流路を有し、該流路を水が軸方向に流れるように構成されたケーシングと、
前記ケーシング内において前記水車軸を中心として環状に並べられた複数のランナ羽根を有するランナと、
前記ランナに設けられて該ランナと一体的に回転する回転子と、
前記ケーシング内に設けられ且つ当該ケーシングに対して相対的に位置固定された固定ボスと、
前記回転子と対向するように前記ケーシング又は前記固定ボスに設けられた固定子と、
前記ランナの上流側において前記固定ボスの外周側に設けられた複数の案内羽根と、
前記複数の案内羽根よりも上流側に設けられた複数の回転羽根とを備えている、
水力発電装置。 - 前記ケーシング内の前記固定ボスよりも上流側に、前記水車軸を中心として回転する回転軸体をさらに備えており、
前記複数の回転羽根が前記回転軸体の周囲に設けられている、請求項1に記載の水力発電装置。 - 前記回転軸体は、前記固定ボスの上流側端面と前記軸方向に対向する下流側端面を有し、
前記回転軸体の下流側端面と前記固定ボスの上流側端面に、軸及び軸受から成る支承部と、互いに反発しあう永久磁石とが設けられている、請求項2に記載の水力発電装置。 - 前記ケーシング内の前記固定ボスよりも上流側に、前記水車軸を中心として回転する環状体をさらに備えており、
前記複数の回転羽根が前記環状体に設けられている、請求項1に記載の水力発電装置。 - 前記環状体にかかる荷重を前記ケーシングに支持させる水潤滑式軸受をさらに備えている、請求項4に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記回転羽根と前記案内羽根の前記軸方向の距離が0.1mm以上5mm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記回転羽根が前記案内羽根の上流側端辺と平行な下流側端辺を有する、請求項6に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記回転羽根が、前記ランナ羽根と比較して小さい前記水車軸に対する傾きを有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の水力発電装置。
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JP2019002336A (ja) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-01-10 | 日本精工株式会社 | 中空水車及び発電装置 |
JP7017486B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-20 | 2022-02-08 | Ntn株式会社 | 水力発電装置および発電システム |
KR102291395B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-08-20 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 가이드 베인 및 러너를 포함하는 마이크로 수력 터빈 및 이의 설계 방법 |
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JP2003214309A (ja) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-30 | Hitachi Ltd | 発電機一体形水車及び電動機一体形ポンプ |
JP2007077861A (ja) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 人工心臓ポンプ |
JP2008014202A (ja) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-24 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 水力発電装置 |
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DE10152712B4 (de) * | 2001-10-19 | 2015-10-15 | Aloys Wobben | Generator für ein Wasserkraftwerk |
WO2008114482A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-25 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | 水力発電装置及びそれを備えた水力発電システム |
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JP2003214309A (ja) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-30 | Hitachi Ltd | 発電機一体形水車及び電動機一体形ポンプ |
JP2007077861A (ja) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 人工心臓ポンプ |
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CN105164404A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
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