WO2014173317A1 - 一种输电线路雷电电磁暂态动模实验系统 - Google Patents
一种输电线路雷电电磁暂态动模实验系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014173317A1 WO2014173317A1 PCT/CN2014/076211 CN2014076211W WO2014173317A1 WO 2014173317 A1 WO2014173317 A1 WO 2014173317A1 CN 2014076211 W CN2014076211 W CN 2014076211W WO 2014173317 A1 WO2014173317 A1 WO 2014173317A1
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- tower
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- lightning
- line
- transmission line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/18—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/36—Circuit design at the analogue level
- G06F30/367—Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic transient process simulation system for an electric power transmission line during lightning strikes, in particular to an electromagnetic transient process simulation test system when a lightning strike tower tower top or a lightning strike around a power transmission line.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a lightning electromagnetic emergency mode experimental system (or experimental platform) for a transmission line, to input lightning shock wave current at different positions of the system, and to measure signals of the remote lightning protection line and the wire, thereby accurately analyzing the lightning wave.
- the characteristic quantity analysis is carried out to identify the mode of the direct transmission or the flashover of the transmission line.
- the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A lightning-electric electromagnetic transient dynamic model experimental system for a transmission line, the wave impedance of the oblique section of the tower is ⁇ ⁇ the other end is connected to one end of the damping resistance of the oblique section of the tower and one end of the damping inductance of the oblique section of the tower.
- the other end of the tower tower oblique section damping resistance ⁇ and the other end of the tower tower oblique section damping inductance is connected to the wave resistance Zn end of the cross-section of the tower, the other end of the cross-section of the tower is connected to the end of the tower cross-arm damping resistor Rl and the tower
- the damper inductance of the cross-arm section / 2 - end, the other end of the damper resistance of the cross-section of the tower and the damping inductance of the cross-arm section of the tower / 2 the other end of the tower is simultaneously connected to the main section of the tower, the impedance ⁇ ⁇ is connected to the damping resistor Jh at the main section of the tower and
- the main body section of the tower is damped inductive / 3 - end, the other end of the main section of the tower is damped and the damping part of the main section of the tower / 3 and the other end is connected in series with the grounding resistor Ground; tower segment impedance
- the first coil of the sixth current transformer and the mutual impedance between the first lightning conductor and the c-phase power transmission line are connected in parallel; the mutual admittance connection between the b-phase power transmission conductor and the c-phase power transmission conductor is at b The other end of the self-impedance of the phase transmission conductor and the c-phase transmission conductor Between the other end of the impedance; the grounding admittance of the c-phase transmission conductor. Connected between the other end of the self-impedance Zee of the c-phase power transmission line and the ground.
- a current source having a further shock the shock wave from the current source ⁇ ⁇ inclined tower section member impedance - end of the introduction, or introduced from the junctions of the third and fourth coil insulator ⁇ 3 second current transformer.
- the first, second, and third insulators employ an air insulator gap that simulates an insulator or a simulated insulator.
- the first to sixth current transformers 71, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 5, 7 ⁇ 4 use a current transformer having a ratio of 1:1, and the core of the current transformer is made of manganese zinc ferrite.
- H t height of each tower, /' is 1,2,3; the main bracket radius of the tower, / is 1,2,3; r tl tower bracket radius, /' is 1,2,3; each tower wave impedance, / ' is 1,2,3; r B , the radius of the upper and lower tower base parts; the damping resistance of each tower, / ' is 1, 2, 3; ⁇ the damping inductance of each tower, / '1, 2 , 3; ⁇ is the damping coefficient;
- the characteristic quantity analysis can be used to propose a pattern recognition method for direct line and bypass flashover of the transmission line.
- the parameters of the circuit board of the dynamic test bench are adjustable, and effective differential lightning protection measures can be obtained on the movable mode test bench, and the experimental analysis of the lightning protection device such as the parallel gap is carried out.
- the main influencing factors of lightning strike tower counter-attack lightning line shunt, tower height, tower grounding resistance, wire working voltage; main influencing factors of lightning wire: lightning protection angle, terrain of the tower line, wire working voltage, tower height.
- the parameters of the model components are adjusted within the adjustable range to change the influencing factors of lightning damage, and the optimal model of differentiated lightning protection is obtained through repeated adjustment.
- the dynamic model test bench can provide a physical test bench for data collection of lightning current and lightning overvoltage data along the transmission line.
- the parametric characteristics of lightning are used to discuss the insulation coordination of power systems, lightning protection measures, improve the performance of lightning protection facilities, evaluate the protection scope of lightning protection facilities for various equipment and substations, power plants and buildings, and analyze lightning accidents, and distinguish accident liability. All have very important meanings.
- most of the monitoring of lightning current in power plants and substations use recorders and arresters, but arresters can only record the number of lightning occurrences, can not record the polarity and amplitude of lightning current, and cannot provide accurate information for lightning protection;
- the amplitude and frequency are relatively high.
- the recorder in the substation cannot accurately record the lightning current waveform due to the limitation of its own sampling frequency.
- the waveform will be distorted, so the measured The waveform obtained is not a true lightning current waveform and cannot accurately reflect the true parametric characteristics of the lightning. Therefore, research on lightning parameters is necessary.
- the lightning parameters are directly collected on the actual line. Due to the randomness of lightning, the acquisition period will be long. The line must be powered off every time in the line experiment, and the transmission lines with frequent lightning are mostly in the line. In mountainous areas, it is inconvenient to repeatedly adjust the monitoring device. Through the collection experiment of lightning parameters in the lightning electromagnetic model of the transmission line, the effectiveness and stability of the lightning monitoring device can be verified, and the installation position and installation distance of the lightning monitoring device are determined.
- Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the first and second lightning conductors and the self-impedance and transimpedance of the a-phase, b-phase, and c-phase power transmission lines.
- Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the grounding admittance of the first lightning conductor and the mutual admittance with the a, b, c phase transmission conductors.
- Figure 3 is a circuit unit of a model of a transmission line (between two towers) when the lightning strikes the top of the tower Structure diagram.
- Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a circuit unit of a spaced transmission line model when lightning strikes a phase conductor.
- Figure 5 is a block diagram of the tower wave impedance simulation.
- Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, and Figure 9 are schematic diagrams of the corresponding parameters of the parallel multi-conductor system of the simulated tower.
- Figure 10 is a model diagram of the tower and the tower grounding body.
- the invention provides a method for constructing a physical model of a lightning channel when an accurate lightning strike transmission line and a tower are provided. Unlike traditional transmission line models, this model station incorporates a physical model of the ground line that accurately takes into account the electromagnetic coupling of the ground and the transmission line. Simulate the self-impedance and transimpedance of ground and transmission lines with multi-section equivalent equivalent circuits (Fig. 1), self-admittance and mutual admittance (Fig. 2), directly using the transformer to simulate the mutual impedance of the line, and A current, voltage monitoring device is installed on the ground of the segment pole tower, and it is proposed for the first time to collect lightning wave data on the ground and the transmission line. Compared with the lightning wave data collected only on the transmission line, the dual-channel comprehensive analysis can effectively eliminate the interference and the intuitive identification of the lightning failure mode (counter-attack and bypass).
- Zu, Z 22 , z aa , z bb , z ⁇ are the self-impedance of each line, and the rest are mutual impedance between lines.
- ⁇ . /2, ⁇ 2 . /2, Ya . /2, Y b . /2, Yco /2 is the self-admittance at the end of each line, and the rest is the mutual admittance between the lines.
- n, , r 3 , , r 5 , 6 are current transformers with a ratio of 1:1, in which three windings are wound around the iron core, and four windings are wound on the iron core.
- the core of the current transformer adopts MnZn ferrite, and the maximum frequency of use of MnZn ferrite is 3 vessels, which is the impact resistance of the tower grounding body.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a transmission line Lightning Electromagnetic Transient movable die experimental system
- One end, the other end of the tower tower oblique section damping resistance A and the tower tower oblique section damping inductance / i the other end is connected to the tower cross-arm section wave impedance Z /2 - end, the tower cross-section section wave impedance Z /2 the other end is connected to Tower cross arm section damping resistance
- the self-impedance Zee On the self-impedance Zee end of the c-phase transmission wire, the self-impedance Zee is on the other end of the string.
- the second coil of the sixth current transformer 73 ⁇ 4 is then used as the fifth terminal, the first coil of the sixth current transformer 73 ⁇ 4 and the mutual impedance between the first lightning conductor and the c-phase power transmission line are connected in parallel; the b-phase power transmission line and the c Phase loss
- the mutual admittance between the electric wires is connected between the other end of the self-impedance of the b-phase transmission line and the other end of the self-impedance of the c-phase transmission line; the admittance of the c-phase transmission line to the ground.
- a current source having a further shock Connected between the other end of the self-impedance of the c-phase power transmission line and the ground.
- a current source having a further shock the shock wave from the current source ⁇ ⁇ inclined tower section member impedance - end of the introduction, or introduced from the junctions of the third and fourth coil insulator ⁇ 3 second current transformer.
- the first, second, and third insulators use an air discharge gap that simulates the insulator, or an analog equivalent insulator. The parameters are expressed as follows:
- the radius of a line / ', /' is the AC resistance of a line / ', /' is the average suspension height of a, b a line / 'to ground,
- i is a, b, c, l, 2, and / a line / distance from the line, i is a, b, c, l, 2, and /
- each tower The height of each tower, / ' is 1, 2, 3; the main bracket radius of the tower, / is 1, 2, 3;, the tower bracket radius, / 'is 1, 2, 3; each tower wave impedance, / 'for 1,2,3; r B , the radius of the upper and lower tower base parts; the damping resistance of each tower, / ' is 1, 2, 3; ⁇ the damping inductance of each tower, / ' is 1, 2, 3; ⁇ is the damping coefficient;
- the circuit model shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 does not start with the positive sequence, negative sequence, and zero sequence impedance of the line, but simulates the mutual inductance between the lines according to the actual situation.
- the model can completely simulate the mutual inductance between the phases, and can comprehensively reflect the electrical quantity characteristics of the transmission line.
- the inductance parameters of the conductor and the lightning protection line are simulated by impedance components, and the model realization and parameter adjustment are convenient.
- a lightning current sensor is installed by the tower grounding bracket and the insulator string branch.
- the lightning strike point of the line can be distinguished.
- the amplitude of the lightning current measured by the sensor corresponding to the insulator sub-branch is much larger than the signal recorded by the sensor on the ground support of the tower; when a counterattack occurs, Insulator string flashover phase
- the tower ground wire bracket sensor also has a corresponding recording waveform.
- the detected lightning overvoltage waveform can be used, and the time difference positioning and the attenuation characteristics of the lightning channel are used to reverse the thrust to determine the lightning overvoltage at the accident point. Waveform.
- the height of the ultra-high-voltage transmission line tower is relatively high, and the width of the tower has a large difference. It has a great influence on the propagation of lightning current on the tower body.
- the accurate simulation of the propagation of lightning current on the tower depends on the tower. The accuracy of the wave impedance simulation.
- the concentrated inductance and single wave impedance in the protocol are not suitable for towers with high height and complex structure.
- the parallel multi-conductor system (see Figure 6 to Figure 9) and the multi-wave impedance model under the non-parallel multi-conductor system can accurately simulate the propagation of lightning current on the tower.
- the ratio of the potential presented by the lightning shock wave to the inrush current injected at the top of the tower that is, the shock response wave impedance of the tower, directly affects the calculation result of the tower top potential.
- China's current lightning protection calculation method uses a concentrated inductance to simulate the line tower, neglecting the influence of the tower on the ground capacitance. The resulting error is large, and the impact of the tower grounding resistance is exaggerated during calculation. not tall.
- the inductance and capacitance per unit length of the towers of different heights are different, which makes the wave impedance distributed along the tower change.
- the calculation of the tower is adopted.
- the multi-wave impedance model divides the tower into several parts and the calculation results are more realistic than the concentrated inductance.
- the variation law of the time-varying characteristics of the soil parameters with the spatial electric field distribution during the impact-distribution process is analyzed.
- the impact impedance of the tower grounding body is affected by the amplitude and frequency of the inrush current, showing strong nonlinear characteristics.
- the lightning trip rate is analyzed and simulated, and the characteristics of the insulator on the real line are simulated.
- the arrangement of the lightning-proof lightning protection device such as the joint gap.
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RU2015147543A RU2624614C2 (ru) | 2013-04-27 | 2014-04-25 | Испытательная система динамического моделирования электромагнитного переходного процесса гроз |
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