WO2014171247A1 - Bend-test method, sheet-article manufacturing method, bend-test device, brittle sheet, brittle sheet with element attached thereto, and electronic device - Google Patents

Bend-test method, sheet-article manufacturing method, bend-test device, brittle sheet, brittle sheet with element attached thereto, and electronic device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014171247A1
WO2014171247A1 PCT/JP2014/057160 JP2014057160W WO2014171247A1 WO 2014171247 A1 WO2014171247 A1 WO 2014171247A1 JP 2014057160 W JP2014057160 W JP 2014057160W WO 2014171247 A1 WO2014171247 A1 WO 2014171247A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support plate
sheet
support
brittle
glass sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/057160
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
純一 ▲角▼田
研一 江畑
小池　章夫
裕介 小林
健 山内
Original Assignee
旭硝子株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 旭硝子株式会社 filed Critical 旭硝子株式会社
Priority to KR1020157024823A priority Critical patent/KR20150140647A/en
Priority to JP2015512363A priority patent/JP6387958B2/en
Priority to CN201480015847.5A priority patent/CN105143848B/en
Publication of WO2014171247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014171247A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0064—Initiation of crack
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1306—Details
    • G02F1/1309—Repairing; Testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bending test method, a sheet manufacturing method, a bending test apparatus, a brittle sheet, a brittle sheet with elements, and an electronic device.
  • Glass substrates are used as substrates for electronic devices such as image display panels, solar cells, and thin film secondary batteries.
  • a flexible glass sheet has been developed as a glass substrate.
  • Patent Document 1 As a test method for examining the durability of a glass sheet, a method of bending the glass sheet along the outer periphery of the roller while conveying the glass sheet with a roller has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Further, as a glass sheet test method, a method of gradually narrowing the interval between two parallel plates sandwiching a curved glass sheet is also known (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
  • the position where the tensile stress is generated in the sheet does not change. Therefore, if there are no defects (scratches, deposits, inclusions, etc.) that are the starting points of cracks at the position where the tensile stress is generated, the fracture strength is detected to be high and the reliability is low.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a highly reliable bending test method and the like.
  • the first support plate and the second support plate each support a sheet containing a brittle material, Moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other is maintained; There is provided a bending test method for examining whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet material to be bent between the first support plate and the second support plate.
  • a highly reliable bending test method is provided.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the mode of the test of the bending test apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the bending test apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the setting of the sheet
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a test state of a bending test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 when the lower support plate is moved in the left direction in the figure with respect to the base in the state indicated by the solid line, the state indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is obtained.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the bending test apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state when the sheet is set in the bending test apparatus of FIG. 1. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a part of moving part is broken and shown.
  • the bending test apparatus 10 is an apparatus for bending a sheet material including a brittle material.
  • a glass sheet 2 is used as the sheet.
  • the durability of the glass sheet 2 can be understood by examining whether or not a crack is formed in the curved glass sheet 2.
  • the glass sheet 2 may be used as a substrate of an electronic device such as an image display panel, a solar battery, or a thin film secondary battery, and various elements may be formed on the glass sheet 2.
  • the glass type of the glass sheet 2 may be various, for example, soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like.
  • the thickness of the glass sheet 2 is, for example, 200 ⁇ m or less. When the glass sheet 2 has a thickness of 200 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to produce a glass roll by winding the glass sheet 2 in a spiral shape.
  • the thickness of the glass sheet 2 is preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less. Moreover, the thickness of the glass sheet 2 becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.1 micrometer or more, More preferably, it is 1 micrometer or more, More preferably, it is 5 micrometers or more.
  • the long side length may be 150 mm to 3050 mm, and the short side length may be 100 mm to 2850 mm.
  • the bending test apparatus 10 includes, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, a base 12, an upper support board 14 as a first support board, a lower support board 16 as a second support board, a moving unit 20, and an adjustment.
  • Unit 30 detection unit 40, support unit 50, and placement unit 60.
  • the upper support plate 14 supports the glass sheet 2.
  • the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 may be a flat surface facing downward, and may be a surface that fixes one end of the glass sheet 2 with a tape or the like, for example.
  • the surface of the upper support plate 14 opposite to the support surface 14a may be flat or not flat.
  • the upper support plate 14 may be composed of a resin layer in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being damaged.
  • the resin layer may be separably attached to the metal main body. When fragments or the like of the glass sheet 2 are stuck in the resin layer, the resin layer can be exchanged.
  • the lower support plate 16 supports the glass sheet 2 in the same manner as the upper support plate 14.
  • the support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 may be an upward flat surface, for example, a mounting surface on which the other end of the glass sheet 2 is placed. The other end of the glass sheet 2 is pressed against the support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 by gravity and fixed by a frictional force.
  • a stopper 17 that contacts the other end of the glass sheet 2 may be provided on the support surface 16 a of the lower support board 16 in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being displaced.
  • the surface of the lower support plate 16 opposite to the support surface 16a may be flat or not flat.
  • the lower support board 16 may be composed of a resin layer in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being damaged.
  • the resin layer may be separably attached to the metal main body. When fragments or the like of the glass sheet 2 are stuck in the resin layer, the resin layer can be exchanged.
  • the moving unit 20 moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 that are parallel to each other. Let The moving unit 20 moves the lower support plate 16 parallel to the base 12 in order to move the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14.
  • the moving part 20 of this embodiment moves the lower side support board 16 in parallel with respect to the base 12
  • the moving unit 20 includes, for example, a lifting frame 21, a motor 22, a ball screw mechanism 23, a slider block 24, and the like.
  • the lifting frame 21 is movable with respect to the base 12.
  • the motor 22 may be an electric servo motor, for example, and is attached to the lifting frame 21.
  • the ball screw mechanism 23 converts the rotational motion of the motor 22 into a linear motion and transmits it to the slider block 24.
  • the slider block 24 is connected to the lower support plate 16 and moves in parallel with the base 12 together with the lower support plate 16.
  • the motor 22 rotates the ball screw shaft 23a and moves the ball screw nut 23b under the control of a controller constituted by a microcomputer or the like. As the ball screw nut 23 b moves, the slider block 24 and the lower support plate 16 move in parallel to the base 12.
  • the motor 22 of this embodiment is a rotary motor, a linear motor may be sufficient.
  • the linear motor includes a stator and a mover, and a lower support board 16 is attached to the mover. Due to the magnetic force acting between the stator and the mover, the mover moves linearly and the lower support plate 16 moves.
  • the adjusting unit 30 adjusts the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 that are parallel to each other.
  • the adjustment unit 30 may raise and lower the lower support plate 16 with respect to the base 12 in order to adjust the interval D.
  • the adjustment unit 30 of the present embodiment raises and lowers the lower support plate 16 with respect to the base 12, but may also raise and lower the upper support plate 14 with respect to the base 12. You may raise / lower both of the support boards 14. In any case, the distance D between the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 can be adjusted.
  • the adjustment unit 30 is constituted by a pantograph jack, for example.
  • the adjusting unit 30 is disposed between the moving unit 20 (specifically, the lifting frame 21) and the base 12, and moves the moving unit 20 up and down with respect to the base 12. As the moving unit 20 moves up and down, the lower support plate 16 moves up and down, and the distance between the lower support plate 16 and the upper support plate 14 can be adjusted.
  • the adjustment part 30 of this embodiment is comprised with the pantograph-type jack and is act
  • the motor of the adjustment unit operates under the control of the controller.
  • the detection unit 40 includes a sensor (for example, an AE sensor) that detects an elastic wave (for example, an AE (Acoustic Emission) wave) generated when a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2. It can be seen whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 while being supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16. Cracks in the glass sheet 2 are formed starting from defects (scratches, deposits, inclusions, etc.) present in the glass sheet 2.
  • the detection unit 40 is attached to the lower support plate 16 that supports the glass sheet 2, but may be attached to the upper support plate 14.
  • the detection part 40 of this embodiment is comprised by the sensor which detects the elastic wave of the crack which arises in the glass sheet 2, it receives the light source which irradiates light to the glass sheet 2, and the reflected light from the glass sheet 2 And a light receiving element. Based on the amount of light received by the light receiving element, it can be determined whether or not a crack has occurred in the glass sheet 2. Moreover, you may investigate the presence or absence of a crack visually or with a microscope.
  • the support portion 50 is fixed to the base 12 and rotatably supports the upper support plate 14 via a connecting portion 52 such as a hinge.
  • the upper support plate 14 has a test position (first position) where the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 is parallel to the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16, and the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 is lower. It is rotatable between a set position (second position) that is inclined with respect to the support surface 16 a of the side support board 16. While the upper support plate 14 rotates from the test position to the set position, the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 gradually increases.
  • a rotation stopper that stops the upper support board 14 at the set position may be attached to the support portion 50.
  • the support part 50 may function as a guide for guiding the elevating frame 21 up and down.
  • the mounting portion 60 is fixed to the base 12 and places the upper support plate 14 disposed above the lower support plate 16.
  • the upper support plate 14 is placed on the upper end surface of the placement unit 60 when it is in the test position (the position in FIG. 1).
  • the upper support plate 14 may be placed on a plurality of placement units 60 as shown in FIG. 2 so that the posture of the upper support plate 14 is stabilized.
  • Each mounting portion 60 is formed with a bolt hole for screwing the shaft portion 62 b of the bolt 62.
  • the upper support plate 14 is formed with a through hole through which the shaft portion 62b of the bolt 62 passes.
  • the upper support plate 14 is sandwiched between the head portion 62a of the bolt 62 and each mounting portion 60, and the posture of the upper support plate 14 can be stabilized.
  • the operator removes the bolt 62, rotates the upper support plate 14 from the test position (position shown in FIG. 1) to the set position (position shown in FIG. 3), and stops at the set position.
  • the worker supports the glass sheet 2 on the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16, respectively.
  • the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 during setting is larger than the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 during testing. Since the tensile stress generated in the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 is minimized at the time of setting and is maximized at the time of testing, excessive tensile stress exceeding the set value is not generated in the glass sheet 2. At the time of setting, the tensile stress generated in the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 is sufficiently small, and cracks are hardly formed in the curved portion.
  • the operator rotates the upper support plate 14 from the set position to the test position and places it on the placement unit 60. While the upper support plate 14 is rotated from the set position to the test position, the detection unit 40 may monitor the presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when a crack is formed. Subsequently, the operator sandwiches the upper support plate 14 between the placing portion 60 and the head 62 a of the bolt 62. The posture of the upper support board 14 can be stabilized, and the support surface 14a of the upper support board 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 can be maintained in parallel.
  • the operator manually operates the adjustment unit 30 to adjust the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 which are parallel to each other, and the upper support plate.
  • a tensile stress of a set value is generated in the glass sheet 2 that is curved between the lower support plate 16 and the lower support plate 16.
  • the tensile stress ⁇ generated at the top end of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 (the right end of the glass sheet 2 in FIG. 1) can be calculated based on the following formula (1).
  • ⁇ A ⁇ E ⁇ t / (D ⁇ t) (1)
  • A is a constant (1.198) specific to this test
  • E is the Young's modulus of the glass sheet 2
  • t is the thickness of the glass sheet 2.
  • the lower support board 16 in order to adjust the distance D, the lower support board 16 is moved up and down with respect to the base 12.
  • the lower support plate 16 is closer to the base 12 than the upper support plate 14 and is easily maintained in a posture parallel to the base 12. Therefore, the parallelism between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 can be maintained satisfactorily.
  • the operator operates the moving unit 20 under the control of the controller, and moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D.
  • the lower support plate 16 is moved in the left-right direction in the figure with respect to the base 12.
  • the lower support plate 16 is reciprocated a predetermined number of times.
  • the lower support board 16 may be reciprocated only once, may be moved leftward only once, or may be moved rightward only once. In any case, the generation position of the tensile stress ⁇ of the glass sheet 2 can be moved.
  • defects that are the starting points of cracks in the glass sheet 2 are scattered in the glass sheet 2.
  • the generation position of the tensile stress ⁇ of the glass sheet 2 can be moved and a large area test is possible, the durability of the glass sheet 2 is required with high accuracy.
  • the amount of movement of the lower support plate 16 in the predetermined direction with respect to the upper support plate 14 in a predetermined direction is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 200 mm or more, and even more preferably 300 mm or more.
  • the evaluation area of the glass sheet 2 is preferably 100 cm 2 or more, more preferably 300 cm 2 or more, and further preferably 900 cm 2 or more.
  • the “evaluation area” is a one-time movement area in the predetermined direction of the top end of the curved portion in the glass sheet 2 (the right end of the glass sheet 2 in FIG. 1). For example, when the relative movement direction of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 is perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular glass sheet 2, the “evaluation area” is the length of the short side of the glass sheet 2 and the above It is the product of the amount of movement.
  • Whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 to be curved between the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 is detected by the detection unit 40 by detecting the presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when the crack is formed. It can be examined at. It can be confirmed whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 while being supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16.
  • the operator operates the moving unit 20 under the control of the controller and moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D, so that the upper support plate 14 and the lower support are supported. It is examined whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 to be bent with the board 16.
  • the fracture strength of the glass sheet 2 can be determined by gradually decreasing the distance D and increasing the tensile stress ⁇ applied to the glass sheet 2 step by step until cracks are formed in the glass sheet 2.
  • the tensile stress ⁇ when the glass sheet 2 is broken is used as the fracture strength.
  • an anti-scattering film may be bonded to at least a part of the surface opposite to the evaluation surface of the glass sheet 2 (the surface where tensile stress is generated in the bending test). Since the fragments broken in the bending test do not scatter, the transition to the next measurement is accelerated, and analysis of the crack initiation point is also possible.
  • the interval D is narrowed stepwise for the purpose of examining the breaking strength of the glass sheet 2, but when confirming that the breaking strength of the glass sheet 2 is larger than a threshold value (for example, 50 MPa), the threshold value is set. What is necessary is just to test whether the crack was formed by performing the test by the space
  • a threshold value for example, 50 MPa
  • the glass sheet 2 is used as the sheet material including the brittle material, but the type of the sheet material is not particularly limited.
  • the brittle material include ceramics in addition to glass.
  • the sheet material may be a ceramic sheet. Glass sheets and ceramic sheets are collectively referred to as brittle sheets.
  • the sheet may be a composite sheet 6 as shown in FIG.
  • the composite sheet 6 includes a glass sheet 2 and a reinforcing layer 4 formed of a material containing a resin on the glass sheet 2.
  • the composite sheet 6 in FIG. 4 has a reinforcing layer 4 that is bonded to the glass sheet 2 on one side of the glass sheet 2, but has a reinforcing layer that is bonded to the glass sheet 2 on both sides of the glass sheet 2. Also good.
  • the two reinforcing layers disposed across the glass sheet 2 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses, and may have the same physical properties (Young's modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, etc.). It may have different physical properties.
  • the composite sheet of FIG. 4 includes a glass sheet as a brittle sheet, but may include a ceramic sheet.
  • the glass sheet 2 may have a surface treated with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent on the main surface 2 a bonded to the reinforcing layer 4 in the glass sheet 2.
  • a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent on the main surface 2 a bonded to the reinforcing layer 4 in the glass sheet 2.
  • the change in the thickness of the glass sheet 2 due to the surface treatment is sufficiently small (for example, 10 nm or less) compared to the thickness of the glass sheet 2 before the surface treatment.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 has a binding force that does not peel from the glass sheet 2 when the composite sheet 6 is bent and deformed along a roll such as a winding core, and restricts the glass sheet 2 from being damaged.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may be peeled off from the glass sheet 2 during the manufacturing process of the electronic device, and may not be a part of the electronic device.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may cover a portion of the glass sheet 2 where the average breaking strength is desired to be increased, and covers at least a part of one main surface 2a of the glass sheet 2.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 preferably covers the entire main surface 2 a of the glass sheet 2.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may protrude from one main surface 2a of the glass sheet 2.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may be formed by applying a liquid resin composition on the glass sheet 2 and solidifying it, or may be formed by attaching a resin film to the glass sheet 2.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may be composed of a resin film and an adhesive layer that bonds the resin film and the glass sheet.
  • the surface of the glass sheet for example, silane coupling treatment
  • the surface of the resin film for example, corona treatment
  • the change in the thickness of the resin film due to the surface treatment is sufficiently small (for example, 10 nm or less) compared to the thickness of the resin film before the surface treatment.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 is composed of one layer in FIG. 4, but may be composed of a plurality of layers made of different materials.
  • the surface of the reinforcing layer 4 opposite to the main surface coupled to the glass sheet 2 may be an exposed surface.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may be formed of only resin, for example.
  • the reinforcement layer 4 should just be formed with the material containing resin, for example, may be formed with resin and a filler.
  • fillers include fibrous or non-fibrous fillers such as plate-like, scale-like, granular, indeterminate shapes, and crushed products.
  • glass fibers PAN-based and pitch-based carbon fibers
  • Stainless steel fiber metal fiber such as aluminum fiber and brass fiber, organic fiber such as aromatic polyamide fiber, gypsum fiber, ceramic fiber, asbestos fiber, zirconia fiber, alumina fiber, silica fiber, titanium oxide fiber, silicon carbide fiber, rock wool , Potassium titanate whisker, barium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, silicon nitride whisker, mica, talc, kaolin, silica, calcium carbonate, glass beads, glass flake, glass microballoon, clay, molybdenum disulfide, wollastonite, oxidation Titanium, zinc oxide, poly Calcium phosphate, graphite, metal powders, metal flakes, metal ribbons, metal oxides, carbon powder, graphite, carbon flake, scaly carbon, and carbon nanotubes.
  • metal species of metal powder, metal flakes, and metal ribbons include silver, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, stainless steel, iron, brass, chromium, and tin.
  • the type of glass fiber or carbon fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for reinforcing a resin, and can be selected from long fiber type, short fiber type chopped strand, milled fiber, and the like.
  • the reinforcing layer 4 may be composed of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or the like impregnated with a resin.
  • the resin of the reinforcing layer 4 may be various, for example, either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
  • a thermoplastic resin for example, polyimide (PI), epoxy (EP), or the like is used.
  • the thermoplastic resin include polyamide (PA), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polybenzimidazole (PBI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyethersal. Hong (PES), cyclic polyolefin (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylic (PMMA), urethane (PU) and the like are used.
  • the resin film may be formed of a photocurable resin, and may be a copolymer or a mixture.
  • the manufacturing process of the electronic device by the roll-to-roll method may include a process involving heat treatment, and the heat-resistant temperature (continuous usable temperature) of the resin is preferably 100 ° C. or higher.
  • the resin having a heat resistant temperature of 100 ° C. or higher include polyimide (PI), epoxy (EP), polyamide (PA), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polybenzimidazole (PBI), and polyethylene terephthalate.
  • PET polyethylene naphthalate
  • PES polyethersulfone
  • COP cyclic polyolefin
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PMMA acrylic
  • PU urethane
  • the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is, for example, less than 100 ⁇ m. If the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is less than 100 ⁇ m, the flexibility of the composite sheet 6 can be sufficiently secured. Moreover, if the average thickness of the reinforcement layer 4 is less than 100 micrometers, the curvature by the thermal expansion coefficient difference of resin and glass can be suppressed.
  • the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is preferably 90 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m or more. If the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, it is possible to limit the opening of the glass sheet 2 due to the presence of the reinforcing layer 4.
  • the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or more.
  • the sheet material may be a brittle sheet with elements, an electronic device as a final product, or the like.
  • the brittle sheet with an element and the electronic device include at least a brittle sheet and may further include a reinforcing layer 4 shown in FIG.
  • Examples of the electronic device include an image display panel, a solar battery, a thin film secondary battery, an image sensor (CCD, CMOS, etc.), a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a biological sensor.
  • Examples of the image display panel include a liquid crystal panel (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic EL panel (OLED), and electronic paper.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal panel 70 includes a TFT substrate 72, a CF substrate 74, a liquid crystal layer 76, and the like.
  • the TFT substrate 72 is formed by patterning TFT elements (thin film transistors) 73 on the glass sheet 2.
  • the CF substrate 74 is formed by patterning a color filter element 75 on the glass sheet 2.
  • the TFT substrate 72 and the CF substrate 74 correspond to the brittle sheet with elements described in the claims.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an organic EL panel (OLED) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the organic EL panel 80 includes, for example, the glass sheet 2, the transparent electrode 82, the organic layer 84, the reflective electrode 86, and the sealing plate 88.
  • the organic layer 84 includes at least a light emitting layer, and includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer as necessary.
  • the organic layer 84 includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer in this order from the anode side.
  • the transparent electrode 82, the organic layer 84, the reflective electrode 86, and the like constitute a bottom emission type organic EL element 81.
  • the organic EL element may be a top emission type.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solar cell 90 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a transparent electrode 92, a silicon layer 94, a reflective electrode 96, a sealing plate 98, and the like.
  • the silicon layer includes, for example, a p layer (p-type doped layer), an i layer (light absorption layer), an n layer (n-type doped layer), and the like from the anode side.
  • the transparent electrode 92, the silicon layer 94, the reflective electrode 96, and the like constitute a silicon type solar cell element 91.
  • the solar cell element may be a compound type, a dye sensitized type, a quantum dot type, or the like.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a thin film secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the thin film secondary battery 100 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a transparent electrode 102, an electrolyte layer 104, a current collecting layer 106, a sealing layer 108, a sealing plate 109, and the like.
  • the thin-film secondary battery element 101 is configured by the transparent electrode 102, the electrolyte layer 104, the current collecting layer 106, the sealing layer 108, and the like.
  • the thin-film secondary battery element 101 of this embodiment is a lithium ion type, but may be a nickel hydrogen type, a polymer type, a ceramic electrolyte type, or the like.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing electronic paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic paper 110 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a TFT layer 112, a layer 114 containing an electrical engineering medium (for example, microcapsule), a transparent electrode 116, and a front plate 118.
  • the electronic paper element 111 is constituted by the TFT layer 112, the layer 114 of the electrical engineering medium, the transparent electrode 116, and the like.
  • the electronic paper element may be any of a microcapsule type, an in-plane type, a twist ball type, a particle movement type, an electronic jet type, and a polymer network type.
  • a thin film is formed on at least one side of the glass sheet 2.
  • the tensile stress ⁇ generated at the apex of the curved portion of the thin film forming surface of the glass sheet 2 can be calculated based on the following formula (2).
  • ⁇ A ⁇ E ⁇ t / (D′ ⁇ t) (2)
  • A is a constant (1.198) specific to this test
  • E is the Young's modulus of the glass sheet 2
  • t the thickness of the glass sheet 2
  • D ′ D ⁇ 2 ⁇ It is a value calculated from the equation “u”.
  • u represents the thickness of the thin film.
  • the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the glass sheet is shorter than the distance D by 2 ⁇ u.
  • the neutral surface is a surface in which neither a tensile stress nor a compressive stress is generated, and is a center plane in the thickness direction of the glass sheet 2 when no thin film is present.
  • the displacement amount of the neutral plane can be calculated using a general formula of material mechanics. The tensile stress ⁇ when the glass sheet 2 is broken is used as the fracture strength.
  • the manufacturing method of a sheet has a sheet manufacturing process for manufacturing a sheet, and a test process for bending the sheet manufactured in the sheet manufacturing process.
  • the sheet manufacturing process may be a general process.
  • the sheet manufacturing process may be any of a float method, a fusion method, and a redraw method.
  • a float process molten glass is flowed on molten tin in a bath and formed into a strip shape. After the formed glass is gradually cooled, the gradually cooled glass is cut into a desired size.
  • the fusion method the molten glass overflowing from the left and right sides of the bowl-shaped member is joined at the lower end of the bowl-shaped member to form a strip, and after the formed glass is slowly cooled, the gradually cooled glass is obtained as desired. Cut to size.
  • the redraw method the glass sheet is softened with heat and then stretched to a desired thickness, and the stretched glass sheet is solidified.
  • the test process may be performed using the bending test apparatus 10.
  • the test method has already been described.
  • a sheet having a breaking strength exceeding a predetermined value is determined as a non-defective product, and a sheet having a breaking strength equal to or lower than a predetermined value is determined as a defective product.
  • the glass sheet 2 is preferably such that no cracks are formed when the bending test is performed under the condition of the following formula (3) using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG.
  • the following formula (3) is a modification of the above formula (1).
  • D (A ⁇ E ⁇ t / ⁇ ) + t (3)
  • D Distance between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 (unit [mm])
  • A 1.198
  • E Young's modulus of glass sheet 2 (unit: [MPa])
  • t thickness of the glass sheet 2 (unit: [mm])
  • ⁇ 50 (unit [MPa]) That is, the glass sheet 2 may have a breaking strength greater than 50 MPa when a bending test is performed using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG.
  • the glass sheet 2 having a fracture strength greater than 50 MPa hardly breaks when stored in a spiral shape around the core.
  • the ceramic sheet may also have a fracture strength greater than 50 MPa when a bending test is performed using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG.
  • a rectangular glass sheet (long side 300 mm, short side 200 mm) was prepared as a brittle sheet.
  • the glass sheet was produced by the float process. Specifically, molten glass was flowed on molten tin to form a strip, and the molded glass was slowly cooled, and then the gradually cooled glass was cut into a desired size. In the slow cooling step and the cutting step, the glass was supported by compressed air pressure so that the glass did not come into contact with solid objects. In the cutting process, a laser cutting method which is a non-contact cutting method was used. The prepared glass sheet was subjected to a bending test using the bending test apparatus shown in FIG.
  • Example 5 a glass sheet prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 was prepared as a brittle sheet, and the evaluation surface of the glass sheet was previously scratched with a sandpaper to a depth of about 10 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the prepared glass sheet was subjected to a bending test using the bending test apparatus shown in FIG. In the bending test, the composite sheet was bent so that a tensile stress was generated on the scratched surface of the glass sheet.
  • Table 1 shows the test conditions and test results of Examples 1 to 6.
  • T, E, D, and ⁇ in Table 1 have the same meaning as t, E, D, and ⁇ in Equation (1).
  • a strip-shaped glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 100 ⁇ m) prepared in the same manner as the glass sheet of Example 3 to Example 4 is spirally wound around a core having a diameter of 6 inches (diameter 152.4 mm). When stored for 30 days, no cracks occurred.
  • a belt-like glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 100 ⁇ m) similar to the glass sheet of Example 6 was spirally wound around a 6-inch diameter core (diameter 152.4 mm) and stored for 30 days. However, cracks occurred. The glass sheet was wound around the core so that a tensile stress was generated on the surface of the glass sheet having scratches.
  • the upper support plate 14 as the first support plate and the lower support plate 16 as the second support plate are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.
  • the support plate and the second support plate may be disposed at an interval in the horizontal direction.
  • the one end part of the glass sheet 2 is fixed to the upper side support board 14 with a tape
  • the other end part of the glass sheet 2 is mounted in the lower side support board 16
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state when a sheet is set in a bending test apparatus according to a modification.
  • FIG. 11 is a view of the lower support plate of FIG. 10 as viewed from above.
  • one end portion of the glass sheet 2 is sandwiched between the belt-like upper fixing plate 122 and the upper support plate 14, and the upper fixing plate 122 and the upper support plate 14 are connected by the upper fixing bolt 124. It may be fastened and fixed.
  • the other end portion of the glass sheet 2 is sandwiched between the belt-like lower fixing plate 126 and the lower support plate 16, and the lower fixing plate 126 and the lower support plate 16 are connected by the lower fixing bolt 128. It may be fastened and fixed.
  • the lower support plate 16 may be formed with a long hole 16b through which the shaft portion 128b of the lower fixing bolt 128 is inserted.
  • the position of the lower fixing plate 126 relative to the lower support plate 16 can be adjusted by loosening the lower fixing bolt 128 and moving the lower fixing bolt 128 in the longitudinal direction of the long hole 16b. It can respond to the glass sheet 2 of various sizes.
  • the lower fixing plate 126 may be composed of a resin layer that is in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body.
  • the upper fixing bolt 124 may be configured not to protrude downward from the upper fixing plate 122.

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Abstract

[Solution] A bend-test method for determining whether or not cracks form in a brittle-material-containing sheet article supported by a first support plate and a second support plate when, with a separation maintained between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate, said support surfaces being parallel to each other, the second support plate is moved relative to the first support plate, making the sheet article flex therebetween.

Description

曲げ試験方法、シート物の製造方法、曲げ試験装置、脆性シート、素子付き脆性シート、および電子デバイスBending test method, sheet manufacturing method, bending test apparatus, brittle sheet, brittle sheet with element, and electronic device
　本発明は、曲げ試験方法、シート物の製造方法、曲げ試験装置、脆性シート、素子付き脆性シート、および電子デバイスに関する。 The present invention relates to a bending test method, a sheet manufacturing method, a bending test apparatus, a brittle sheet, a brittle sheet with elements, and an electronic device.
　画像表示パネル、太陽電池、薄膜２次電池などの電子デバイスの基板として、ガラス基板が用いられる。近年では、ガラス基板として、フレキシブル性を有するガラスシートが開発されている。 Glass substrates are used as substrates for electronic devices such as image display panels, solar cells, and thin film secondary batteries. In recent years, a flexible glass sheet has been developed as a glass substrate.
　ガラスシートの耐久性を調べる試験方法として、ガラスシートをローラで搬送しながらローラの外周に沿って湾曲させる方法が提案されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。また、ガラスシートの試験方法として、湾曲させたガラスシートを挟む平行な２つの板の間隔を徐々に狭める方法も知られている（例えば非特許文献１参照）。 As a test method for examining the durability of a glass sheet, a method of bending the glass sheet along the outer periphery of the roller while conveying the glass sheet with a roller has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Further, as a glass sheet test method, a method of gradually narrowing the interval between two parallel plates sandwiching a curved glass sheet is also known (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
特表２０１０－５０６１６８号公報Special table 2010-506168
　ガラスなどの脆性材料を含むシート物をローラに沿って湾曲させる場合、シート物がローラに抱き付くように、シート物に張力が加えられる。また、ローラ上に異物などがあると、シート物の一部に応力が集中する。よって、想定外の力がシート物に加わることがあり、信頼性が低かった。 When a sheet material including a brittle material such as glass is bent along the roller, a tension is applied to the sheet material so that the sheet material is stuck to the roller. Further, if there is a foreign matter on the roller, stress concentrates on a part of the sheet. Therefore, unexpected force may be applied to the sheet, and the reliability is low.
　また、シート物を挟む平行な２つの板の間隔を徐々に狭める場合、シート物の引張応力の発生位置は変わらない。そのため、引張応力の発生位置にクラックの起点となる欠陥（傷、付着物、内包物など）がなければ、破壊強度が高めに検出され、信頼性が低かった。 Also, when the distance between two parallel plates sandwiching the sheet is gradually reduced, the position where the tensile stress is generated in the sheet does not change. Therefore, if there are no defects (scratches, deposits, inclusions, etc.) that are the starting points of cracks at the position where the tensile stress is generated, the fracture strength is detected to be high and the reliability is low.
　本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、信頼性の高い、曲げ試験方法などの提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a highly reliable bending test method and the like.
　上記課題を解決するため、本発明の一態様によれば、
　第１の支持盤と第２の支持盤とにそれぞれ脆性材料を含むシート物を支持させ、
　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を維持した状態で、前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置を移動させ、
　前記第１の支持盤と前記第２の支持盤との間で湾曲させる前記シート物にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べる、曲げ試験方法が提供される。 In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention,
The first support plate and the second support plate each support a sheet containing a brittle material,
Moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other is maintained;
There is provided a bending test method for examining whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet material to be bent between the first support plate and the second support plate.
　本発明の一態様によれば、信頼性の高い、曲げ試験方法が提供される。 According to one embodiment of the present invention, a highly reliable bending test method is provided.
本発明の一実施形態による曲げ試験装置の試験の様子を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the mode of the test of the bending test apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. 図１の曲げ試験装置の上面図である。It is a top view of the bending test apparatus of FIG. 図１の曲げ試験装置のシート物のセット時の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the setting of the sheet | seat thing of the bending test apparatus of FIG. 本発明の一実施形態による複合シートを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the composite sheet by one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態による液晶パネルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the liquid crystal panel by one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態による有機ＥＬパネルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the organic electroluminescent panel by one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態による太陽電池を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the solar cell by one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態による薄膜２次電池を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the thin film secondary battery by one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態による電子ペーパを示す図である。It is a figure showing electronic paper by one embodiment of the present invention. 変形例による曲げ試験装置のシート物のセット時の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state at the time of the setting of the sheet | seat of the bending test apparatus by a modification. 図１０の下側支持盤を上から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the lower support board of FIG. 10 from the top.
　以下、本発明を実施するための形態について図面を参照して説明する。各図面において、同一の又は対応する構成には、同一の又は対応する符号を付して、説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same or corresponding reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態による曲げ試験装置の試験の様子を示す図である。図１において、実線で示す状態で、ベースに対して下側支持盤が図中左方向に移動されると、一点鎖線で示す状態になる。図２は、図１の曲げ試験装置の上面図である。図３は、図１の曲げ試験装置のシート物のセット時の状態を示す図である。図１および図３において、移動部の一部を破断して示す。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a test state of a bending test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, when the lower support plate is moved in the left direction in the figure with respect to the base in the state indicated by the solid line, the state indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is obtained. FIG. 2 is a top view of the bending test apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state when the sheet is set in the bending test apparatus of FIG. 1. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a part of moving part is broken and shown.
　曲げ試験装置１０は、脆性材料を含むシート物を湾曲させる装置である。シート物としては、例えばガラスシート２が用いられる。湾曲させるガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べることで、ガラスシート２の耐久性がわかる。 The bending test apparatus 10 is an apparatus for bending a sheet material including a brittle material. For example, a glass sheet 2 is used as the sheet. The durability of the glass sheet 2 can be understood by examining whether or not a crack is formed in the curved glass sheet 2.
　ガラスシート２は、画像表示パネルや太陽電池、薄膜２次電池などの電子デバイスの基板として用いられるものであってよく、ガラスシート２上に各種の素子が形成されてよい。 The glass sheet 2 may be used as a substrate of an electronic device such as an image display panel, a solar battery, or a thin film secondary battery, and various elements may be formed on the glass sheet 2.
　ガラスシート２のガラスの種類は、多種多様であってよく、例えばソーダライムガラス、無アルカリガラスなどでよい。 The glass type of the glass sheet 2 may be various, for example, soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like.
　ガラスシート２の厚さは、例えば２００μｍ以下である。ガラスシート２の厚さが２００μｍ以下の場合、ガラスシート２を渦巻き状に巻回してガラスロールを作製することが可能である。ガラスシート２の厚さは、好ましくは１５０μｍ以下、より好ましくは１００μｍ以下、さらに好ましくは５０μｍ以下である。また、ガラスシート２の厚さは、好ましくは０．１μｍ以上、より好ましくは１μｍ以上、更に好ましくは５μｍ以上である。 The thickness of the glass sheet 2 is, for example, 200 μm or less. When the glass sheet 2 has a thickness of 200 μm or less, it is possible to produce a glass roll by winding the glass sheet 2 in a spiral shape. The thickness of the glass sheet 2 is preferably 150 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less, and still more preferably 50 μm or less. Moreover, the thickness of the glass sheet 2 becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.1 micrometer or more, More preferably, it is 1 micrometer or more, More preferably, it is 5 micrometers or more.
　ガラスシート２が矩形状の場合、長辺の長さは１５０ｍｍ～３０５０ｍｍ、短辺の長さは１００ｍｍ～２８５０ｍｍであってよい。 When the glass sheet 2 is rectangular, the long side length may be 150 mm to 3050 mm, and the short side length may be 100 mm to 2850 mm.
　曲げ試験装置１０は、例えば図１～図３に示すように、ベース１２、第１の支持盤としての上側支持盤１４、第２の支持盤としての下側支持盤１６、移動部２０、調整部３０、検出部４０、支持部５０、および載置部６０を備える。 The bending test apparatus 10 includes, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, a base 12, an upper support board 14 as a first support board, a lower support board 16 as a second support board, a moving unit 20, and an adjustment. Unit 30, detection unit 40, support unit 50, and placement unit 60.
　上側支持盤１４は、ガラスシート２を支持する。上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａは、下向きの平坦な面であってよく、例えばテープなどでガラスシート２の一端部を固定する面であってよい。上側支持盤１４における支持面１４ａとは反対側の面は、平坦であっても平坦でなくてもよい。 The upper support plate 14 supports the glass sheet 2. The support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 may be a flat surface facing downward, and may be a surface that fixes one end of the glass sheet 2 with a tape or the like, for example. The surface of the upper support plate 14 opposite to the support surface 14a may be flat or not flat.
　上側支持盤１４は、ガラスシート２の損傷を防止するため、ガラスシート２と接触する樹脂層と、金属製の本体とで構成されてよい。樹脂層は、金属製の本体に分離自在に取り付けられてよい。ガラスシート２の破片などが樹脂層に刺さった場合に、樹脂層が交換できる。 The upper support plate 14 may be composed of a resin layer in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being damaged. The resin layer may be separably attached to the metal main body. When fragments or the like of the glass sheet 2 are stuck in the resin layer, the resin layer can be exchanged.
　下側支持盤１６は、上側支持盤１４と同様に、ガラスシート２を支持する。下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａは、上向きの平坦な面であってよく、例えばガラスシート２の他端部を載せる載置面であってよい。ガラスシート２の他端部は重力で下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａに押し付けられ、摩擦力で固定される。下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａには、ガラスシート２の位置ずれを防止するため、ガラスシート２の他端部と当接するストッパ１７が設けられてよい。下側支持盤１６における支持面１６ａとは反対側の面は、平坦であっても平坦でなくてもよい。 The lower support plate 16 supports the glass sheet 2 in the same manner as the upper support plate 14. The support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 may be an upward flat surface, for example, a mounting surface on which the other end of the glass sheet 2 is placed. The other end of the glass sheet 2 is pressed against the support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 by gravity and fixed by a frictional force. A stopper 17 that contacts the other end of the glass sheet 2 may be provided on the support surface 16 a of the lower support board 16 in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being displaced. The surface of the lower support plate 16 opposite to the support surface 16a may be flat or not flat.
　下側支持盤１６は、ガラスシート２の損傷を防止するため、ガラスシート２と接触する樹脂層と、金属製の本体とで構成されてよい。樹脂層は、金属製の本体に分離自在に取り付けられてよい。ガラスシート２の破片などが樹脂層に刺さった場合に、樹脂層が交換できる。 The lower support board 16 may be composed of a resin layer in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body in order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being damaged. The resin layer may be separably attached to the metal main body. When fragments or the like of the glass sheet 2 are stuck in the resin layer, the resin layer can be exchanged.
　移動部２０は、互いに平行な上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの間隔Ｄを維持した状態で、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置を移動させる。移動部２０は、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置を移動させるため、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を平行に移動させる。 The moving unit 20 moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 that are parallel to each other. Let The moving unit 20 moves the lower support plate 16 parallel to the base 12 in order to move the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14.
　尚、本実施形態の移動部２０は、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を平行に移動させるが、ベース１２に対して上側支持盤１４を平行に移動させてもよいし、上側支持盤１４および下側支持盤１６の両方を平行に移動させてもよい。いずれの場合でも、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置が移動する。 In addition, although the moving part 20 of this embodiment moves the lower side support board 16 in parallel with respect to the base 12, you may move the upper side support board 14 in parallel with respect to the base 12, or an upper side support board. Both 14 and the lower support board 16 may be moved in parallel. In any case, the position of the lower support board 16 with respect to the upper support board 14 moves.
　移動部２０は、例えば、昇降フレーム２１、モータ２２、ボールねじ機構２３、スライダブロック２４などで構成される。昇降フレーム２１は、ベース１２に対して移動自在とされる。モータ２２は、例えば電動サーボモータであってよく、昇降フレーム２１に取り付けられる。ボールねじ機構２３は、モータ２２の回転運動を直線運動に変換してスライダブロック２４に伝える。スライダブロック２４は、下側支持盤１６と連結され、下側支持盤１６と共にベース１２に対して平行に移動する。モータ２２は、マイクロコンピュータなどで構成されるコントローラによる制御下で、ボールねじ軸２３ａを回転させ、ボールねじナット２３ｂを移動させる。ボールねじナット２３ｂの移動に伴って、スライダブロック２４および下側支持盤１６がベース１２に対して平行に移動する。 The moving unit 20 includes, for example, a lifting frame 21, a motor 22, a ball screw mechanism 23, a slider block 24, and the like. The lifting frame 21 is movable with respect to the base 12. The motor 22 may be an electric servo motor, for example, and is attached to the lifting frame 21. The ball screw mechanism 23 converts the rotational motion of the motor 22 into a linear motion and transmits it to the slider block 24. The slider block 24 is connected to the lower support plate 16 and moves in parallel with the base 12 together with the lower support plate 16. The motor 22 rotates the ball screw shaft 23a and moves the ball screw nut 23b under the control of a controller constituted by a microcomputer or the like. As the ball screw nut 23 b moves, the slider block 24 and the lower support plate 16 move in parallel to the base 12.
　尚、本実施形態のモータ２２は回転モータであるが、リニアモータであってもよい。リニアモータは、固定子と可動子とで構成され、可動子に下側支持盤１６が取り付けられる。固定子と可動子との間に作用する磁力によって、可動子が直線運動し、下側支持盤１６が移動する。 In addition, although the motor 22 of this embodiment is a rotary motor, a linear motor may be sufficient. The linear motor includes a stator and a mover, and a lower support board 16 is attached to the mover. Due to the magnetic force acting between the stator and the mover, the mover moves linearly and the lower support plate 16 moves.
　調整部３０は、互いに平行な上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの間隔Ｄを調整する。調整部３０は、間隔Ｄを調整するため、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を昇降させてよい。 The adjusting unit 30 adjusts the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 that are parallel to each other. The adjustment unit 30 may raise and lower the lower support plate 16 with respect to the base 12 in order to adjust the interval D.
　尚、本実施形態の調整部３０は、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を昇降させるが、ベース１２に対して上側支持盤１４を昇降させてもよいし、下側支持盤１６および上側支持盤１４の両方を昇降させてもよい。いずれの場合でも、上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６との間隔Ｄが調整できる。 The adjustment unit 30 of the present embodiment raises and lowers the lower support plate 16 with respect to the base 12, but may also raise and lower the upper support plate 14 with respect to the base 12. You may raise / lower both of the support boards 14. In any case, the distance D between the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 can be adjusted.
　調整部３０は、例えばパンタグラフ式のジャッキで構成される。調整部３０は、移動部２０（詳細には昇降フレーム２１）とベース１２との間に配設され、ベース１２に対して移動部２０を昇降させる。移動部２０の昇降に伴って、下側支持盤１６が昇降し、下側支持盤１６と上側支持盤１４との間隔が調整できる。 The adjustment unit 30 is constituted by a pantograph jack, for example. The adjusting unit 30 is disposed between the moving unit 20 (specifically, the lifting frame 21) and the base 12, and moves the moving unit 20 up and down with respect to the base 12. As the moving unit 20 moves up and down, the lower support plate 16 moves up and down, and the distance between the lower support plate 16 and the upper support plate 14 can be adjusted.
　尚、本実施形態の調整部３０は、パンタグラフ式のジャッキで構成され、手動で作動させられるが、移動部２０と同様に構成されてよく、モータなどで構成されてよい。調整部のモータは、コントローラによる制御下で作動する。 In addition, although the adjustment part 30 of this embodiment is comprised with the pantograph-type jack and is act | operated manually, it may be comprised similarly to the movement part 20, and may be comprised with a motor etc. The motor of the adjustment unit operates under the control of the controller.
　検出部４０は、ガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるときに生じる弾性波（例えばＡＥ（Acoustic Emission）波）を検出するセンサ（例えばＡＥセンサ）で構成される。上側支持盤１４および下側支持盤１６で支持されたままの状態でガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるか否かがわかる。ガラスシート２のクラックは、ガラスシート２に存在する欠陥（傷、付着物、内包物など）を起点として形成される。検出部４０は、ガラスシート２を支持する下側支持盤１６に取り付けられるが、上側支持盤１４に取り付けられてもよい。 The detection unit 40 includes a sensor (for example, an AE sensor) that detects an elastic wave (for example, an AE (Acoustic Emission) wave) generated when a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2. It can be seen whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 while being supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16. Cracks in the glass sheet 2 are formed starting from defects (scratches, deposits, inclusions, etc.) present in the glass sheet 2. The detection unit 40 is attached to the lower support plate 16 that supports the glass sheet 2, but may be attached to the upper support plate 14.
　尚、本実施形態の検出部４０は、ガラスシート２で生じるクラックの弾性波を検出するセンサで構成されるが、ガラスシート２に光を照射する光源と、ガラスシート２からの反射光を受光する受光素子とで構成されてもよい。受光素子の受光量に基づいて、ガラスシート２でクラックが発生しているか否かが分かる。また、目視や顕微鏡などでクラックの有無を調べてもよい。 In addition, although the detection part 40 of this embodiment is comprised by the sensor which detects the elastic wave of the crack which arises in the glass sheet 2, it receives the light source which irradiates light to the glass sheet 2, and the reflected light from the glass sheet 2 And a light receiving element. Based on the amount of light received by the light receiving element, it can be determined whether or not a crack has occurred in the glass sheet 2. Moreover, you may investigate the presence or absence of a crack visually or with a microscope.
　支持部５０は、ベース１２に対して固定され、蝶番などの連結部５２を介して、上側支持盤１４を回動自在に支持する。上側支持盤１４は、上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａが下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａに対して平行となる試験位置（第１の位置）と、上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａが下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａに対して斜めになるセット位置（第２の位置）との間で回動自在とされる。上側支持盤１４が試験位置からセット位置に回動する間、上側支持盤１４および下側支持盤１６で支持されたガラスシート２の湾曲部の曲率半径が徐々に大きくなる。上側支持盤１４をセット位置で停止させる回動ストッパが支持部５０に取り付けられてもよい。尚、支持部５０は、昇降フレーム２１を上下に案内するガイドとして機能してもよい。 The support portion 50 is fixed to the base 12 and rotatably supports the upper support plate 14 via a connecting portion 52 such as a hinge. The upper support plate 14 has a test position (first position) where the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 is parallel to the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16, and the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 is lower. It is rotatable between a set position (second position) that is inclined with respect to the support surface 16 a of the side support board 16. While the upper support plate 14 rotates from the test position to the set position, the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 gradually increases. A rotation stopper that stops the upper support board 14 at the set position may be attached to the support portion 50. The support part 50 may function as a guide for guiding the elevating frame 21 up and down.
　載置部６０は、ベース１２に対して固定され、下側支持盤１６よりも上方に配設される上側支持盤１４を載せる。上側支持盤１４は、試験位置（図１の位置）にあるとき、載置部６０の上端面に載せられる。上側支持盤１４の姿勢が安定化するように、上側支持盤１４は図２に示すように複数の載置部６０に載せられてよい。各載置部６０にはボルト６２の軸部６２ｂを螺合するボルト孔が形成される。また、上側支持盤１４にはボルト６２の軸部６２ｂを貫通させる貫通孔が形成される。ボルト６２の頭部６２ａと各載置部６０とで上側支持盤１４が挟まれ、上側支持盤１４の姿勢が安定化できる。 The mounting portion 60 is fixed to the base 12 and places the upper support plate 14 disposed above the lower support plate 16. The upper support plate 14 is placed on the upper end surface of the placement unit 60 when it is in the test position (the position in FIG. 1). The upper support plate 14 may be placed on a plurality of placement units 60 as shown in FIG. 2 so that the posture of the upper support plate 14 is stabilized. Each mounting portion 60 is formed with a bolt hole for screwing the shaft portion 62 b of the bolt 62. Further, the upper support plate 14 is formed with a through hole through which the shaft portion 62b of the bolt 62 passes. The upper support plate 14 is sandwiched between the head portion 62a of the bolt 62 and each mounting portion 60, and the posture of the upper support plate 14 can be stabilized.
　次に、上記構成の曲げ試験装置１０の動作（曲げ試験方法）について説明する。 Next, the operation (bending test method) of the bending test apparatus 10 having the above configuration will be described.
　先ず、作業者は、ボルト６２を外し、上側支持盤１４を試験位置（図１に示す位置）からセット位置（図３に示す位置）に回動させ、セット位置で停止させる。次いで、作業者は、上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６とにそれぞれガラスシート２を支持させる。セット時のガラスシート２の湾曲部の曲率半径は、試験時のガラスシート２の湾曲部の曲率半径よりも大きい。ガラスシート２の湾曲部で生じる引張応力がセット時に最小となり、試験時に最大となるため、設定値以上の過度な引張応力がガラスシート２で生じることがない。セット時に、ガラスシート２の湾曲部で生じる引張応力は十分小さく、湾曲部にクラックが形成されることはほとんどない。 First, the operator removes the bolt 62, rotates the upper support plate 14 from the test position (position shown in FIG. 1) to the set position (position shown in FIG. 3), and stops at the set position. Next, the worker supports the glass sheet 2 on the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16, respectively. The radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 during setting is larger than the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 during testing. Since the tensile stress generated in the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 is minimized at the time of setting and is maximized at the time of testing, excessive tensile stress exceeding the set value is not generated in the glass sheet 2. At the time of setting, the tensile stress generated in the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 is sufficiently small, and cracks are hardly formed in the curved portion.
　次いで、作業者は、上側支持盤１４をセット位置から試験位置に回動させ、載置部６０に載せる。上側支持盤１４をセット位置から試験位置に回動させる間、クラックが形成されるときに生じる弾性波の有無を検出部４０が監視してよい。続いて、作業者は、載置部６０とボルト６２の頭部６２ａとで上側支持盤１４を挟む。上側支持盤１４の姿勢が安定化でき、上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと、下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとが平行に維持できる。 Next, the operator rotates the upper support plate 14 from the set position to the test position and places it on the placement unit 60. While the upper support plate 14 is rotated from the set position to the test position, the detection unit 40 may monitor the presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when a crack is formed. Subsequently, the operator sandwiches the upper support plate 14 between the placing portion 60 and the head 62 a of the bolt 62. The posture of the upper support board 14 can be stabilized, and the support surface 14a of the upper support board 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support board 16 can be maintained in parallel.
　次いで、作業者は、手動で調整部３０を作動させて、互いに平行な上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの間の間隔Ｄを調整し、上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６との間で湾曲させるガラスシート２に設定値の引張応力を発生させる。 Next, the operator manually operates the adjustment unit 30 to adjust the distance D between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 which are parallel to each other, and the upper support plate. A tensile stress of a set value is generated in the glass sheet 2 that is curved between the lower support plate 16 and the lower support plate 16.
　ガラスシート２の湾曲部の頂端（図１においてガラスシート２の右端）に発生する引張応力σは、下記の式（１）に基づいて算出可能である。
σ＝Ａ×Ｅ×ｔ／（Ｄ－ｔ）・・・（１）
上記式（１）中、Ａは本試験に固有の定数（１．１９８）、Ｅはガラスシート２のヤング率、ｔはガラスシート２の厚さである。式（１）から明らかなように、間隔Ｄ（Ｄ＞２×ｔ）が狭くなるほど、引張応力σが大きくなる。 The tensile stress σ generated at the top end of the curved portion of the glass sheet 2 (the right end of the glass sheet 2 in FIG. 1) can be calculated based on the following formula (1).
σ = A × E × t / (D−t) (1)
In the above formula (1), A is a constant (1.198) specific to this test, E is the Young's modulus of the glass sheet 2, and t is the thickness of the glass sheet 2. As is clear from the equation (1), the tensile stress σ increases as the distance D (D> 2 × t) decreases.
　本実施形態では、間隔Ｄを調整するため、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を昇降させる。下側支持盤１６は、上側支持盤１４よりもベース１２に近く、ベース１２に対して平行な姿勢に維持しやすい。よって、上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと、下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの平行度が良好に維持できる。 In this embodiment, in order to adjust the distance D, the lower support board 16 is moved up and down with respect to the base 12. The lower support plate 16 is closer to the base 12 than the upper support plate 14 and is easily maintained in a posture parallel to the base 12. Therefore, the parallelism between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 can be maintained satisfactorily.
　次いで、作業者は、コントローラによる制御下で移動部２０を作動させ、間隔Ｄを維持した状態で、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置を移動させる。具体的には、ベース１２に対して下側支持盤１６を図中左右方向に移動させる。下側支持盤１６は、所定の回数だけ往復移動される。尚、下側支持盤１６は、１回だけ往復されてもよいし、１回だけ左方向に移動されてもよいし、１回だけ右方向に移動されてもよい。いずれの場合でも、ガラスシート２の引張応力σの発生位置が移動できる。 Next, the operator operates the moving unit 20 under the control of the controller, and moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D. Specifically, the lower support plate 16 is moved in the left-right direction in the figure with respect to the base 12. The lower support plate 16 is reciprocated a predetermined number of times. The lower support board 16 may be reciprocated only once, may be moved leftward only once, or may be moved rightward only once. In any case, the generation position of the tensile stress σ of the glass sheet 2 can be moved.
　ところで、ガラスシート２のクラックの起点となる欠陥（傷、付着物、内包物など）は、ガラスシート２に点在している。 Incidentally, defects (scratches, deposits, inclusions, etc.) that are the starting points of cracks in the glass sheet 2 are scattered in the glass sheet 2.
　本実施形態では、ガラスシート２の引張応力σの発生位置が移動でき、大面積の試験が可能であるため、ガラスシート２の耐久性が精度良く求められる。 In this embodiment, since the generation position of the tensile stress σ of the glass sheet 2 can be moved and a large area test is possible, the durability of the glass sheet 2 is required with high accuracy.
　上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置の所定方向への１回の移動量は、好ましくは１００ｍｍ以上、より好ましくは２００ｍｍ以上、さらに好ましくは３００ｍｍ以上である。 The amount of movement of the lower support plate 16 in the predetermined direction with respect to the upper support plate 14 in a predetermined direction is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 200 mm or more, and even more preferably 300 mm or more.
　ガラスシート２の評価面積は、好ましくは１００ｃｍ２以上、より好ましくは３００ｃｍ２以上、さらに好ましくは９００ｃｍ２以上である。「評価面積」は、ガラスシート２における湾曲部の頂端（図１においてガラスシート２の右端）の所定方向への１回の移動面積のことである。例えば、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の相対移動方向が矩形状のガラスシート２の短辺に対して垂直な場合、「評価面積」は、ガラスシート２の短辺の長さと、上記移動量との積である。 The evaluation area of the glass sheet 2 is preferably 100 cm 2 or more, more preferably 300 cm 2 or more, and further preferably 900 cm 2 or more. The “evaluation area” is a one-time movement area in the predetermined direction of the top end of the curved portion in the glass sheet 2 (the right end of the glass sheet 2 in FIG. 1). For example, when the relative movement direction of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 is perpendicular to the short side of the rectangular glass sheet 2, the “evaluation area” is the length of the short side of the glass sheet 2 and the above It is the product of the amount of movement.
　上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６との間で湾曲させるガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるか否かは、クラックが形成されるときに生じる弾性波の有無を検出部４０で検出することで調べられる。上側支持盤１４および下側支持盤１６で支持されたままの状態でガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるか否かが確認できる。 Whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 to be curved between the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16 is detected by the detection unit 40 by detecting the presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when the crack is formed. It can be examined at. It can be confirmed whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 while being supported by the upper support plate 14 and the lower support plate 16.
　ガラスシート２にクラックが生じない場合、作業者は、手動で調整部３０を作動させて、互いに平行な上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの間の間隔Ｄを狭める。これにより、上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６との間で湾曲させるガラスシート２に前回よりも高い引張応力が発生する。 When the glass sheet 2 is not cracked, the operator manually operates the adjusting unit 30 to establish a distance between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 that are parallel to each other. Narrows D. Thereby, the tensile stress higher than the last time generate | occur | produces in the glass sheet 2 curved between the upper side support board 14 and the lower side support board 16. FIG.
　次いで、作業者は、コントローラによる制御下で移動部２０を作動させ、間隔Ｄを維持した状態で、上側支持盤１４に対する下側支持盤１６の位置を移動させ、上側支持盤１４と下側支持盤１６との間で湾曲させるガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるか否か調べる。ガラスシート２にクラックが形成されるまで、間隔Ｄを段階的に狭め、ガラスシート２にかける引張応力σを段階的に強めることで、ガラスシート２の破壊強度がわかる。ガラスシート２が割れたときの引張応力σが破壊強度として用いられる。 Next, the operator operates the moving unit 20 under the control of the controller and moves the position of the lower support plate 16 with respect to the upper support plate 14 while maintaining the distance D, so that the upper support plate 14 and the lower support are supported. It is examined whether or not a crack is formed in the glass sheet 2 to be bent with the board 16. The fracture strength of the glass sheet 2 can be determined by gradually decreasing the distance D and increasing the tensile stress σ applied to the glass sheet 2 step by step until cracks are formed in the glass sheet 2. The tensile stress σ when the glass sheet 2 is broken is used as the fracture strength.
　ガラスシート２の曲げ試験前に、ガラスシート２の評価面（曲げ試験で引張応力が生じる面）とは反対側の面の少なくとも一部に飛散防止フィルムを貼り合わせておいてもよい。曲げ試験で割れた破片が飛び散らないので、次の測定への移行がはかどり、また割れ発生起点の解析も可能である。 Prior to the bending test of the glass sheet 2, an anti-scattering film may be bonded to at least a part of the surface opposite to the evaluation surface of the glass sheet 2 (the surface where tensile stress is generated in the bending test). Since the fragments broken in the bending test do not scatter, the transition to the next measurement is accelerated, and analysis of the crack initiation point is also possible.
　尚、本実施形態では、ガラスシート２の破壊強度を調べる目的で、間隔Ｄを段階的に狭めるが、ガラスシート２の破壊強度が閾値（例えば５０ＭＰａ）よりも大きいことを確認する場合、閾値に対応する間隔Ｄで試験を行ってクラックが形成されたか否かを調べればよい。クラックが形成されない場合、さらに間隔Ｄを狭めなくてよい。クラックが形成されない場合、ガラスシート２の破壊強度は閾値値よりも大きいとみなすことができる。 In this embodiment, the interval D is narrowed stepwise for the purpose of examining the breaking strength of the glass sheet 2, but when confirming that the breaking strength of the glass sheet 2 is larger than a threshold value (for example, 50 MPa), the threshold value is set. What is necessary is just to test whether the crack was formed by performing the test by the space | interval D corresponding. When no crack is formed, the interval D does not have to be further narrowed. When a crack is not formed, it can be considered that the breaking strength of the glass sheet 2 is larger than a threshold value.
　尚、本実施形態では、脆性材料を含むシート物として、ガラスシート２を用いたが、シート物の種類は特に限定されない。脆性材料としては、ガラスの他に、セラミックスなどが挙げられる。例えばシート物は、セラミックスシートでもよい。ガラスシートおよびセラミックスシートを脆性シートと総称する。 In this embodiment, the glass sheet 2 is used as the sheet material including the brittle material, but the type of the sheet material is not particularly limited. Examples of the brittle material include ceramics in addition to glass. For example, the sheet material may be a ceramic sheet. Glass sheets and ceramic sheets are collectively referred to as brittle sheets.
　また、シート物は、図４に示すように、複合シート６でもよい。複合シート６は、ガラスシート２と、ガラスシート２上に樹脂を含む材料で形成される補強層４とを含む。尚、図４の複合シート６は、ガラスシート２の片側にガラスシート２と結合する補強層４を有するが、ガラスシート２を挟んだ両側にそれぞれガラスシート２と結合する補強層を有してもよい。ガラスシート２を挟んで配設される２つの補強層は、同じ厚さを有しても異なる厚さを有してもよく、同じ物性（ヤング率、熱膨張係数など）を有しても異なる物性を有してもよい。また、図４の複合シートは、脆性シートとして、ガラスシートを含むが、セラミックスシートを含んでもよい。 The sheet may be a composite sheet 6 as shown in FIG. The composite sheet 6 includes a glass sheet 2 and a reinforcing layer 4 formed of a material containing a resin on the glass sheet 2. The composite sheet 6 in FIG. 4 has a reinforcing layer 4 that is bonded to the glass sheet 2 on one side of the glass sheet 2, but has a reinforcing layer that is bonded to the glass sheet 2 on both sides of the glass sheet 2. Also good. The two reinforcing layers disposed across the glass sheet 2 may have the same thickness or different thicknesses, and may have the same physical properties (Young's modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, etc.). It may have different physical properties. The composite sheet of FIG. 4 includes a glass sheet as a brittle sheet, but may include a ceramic sheet.
　ガラスシート２は、ガラスシート２と補強層４との結合力を高めるため、ガラスシート２における補強層４と結合する主面２ａがシランカップリング剤などの表面処理剤で表面処理されたものでもよい。表面処理によるガラスシート２の厚みの変化は、表面処理前のガラスシート２の厚みに比べて十分に小さい（例えば１０ｎｍ以下）。 In order to increase the bonding force between the glass sheet 2 and the reinforcing layer 4, the glass sheet 2 may have a surface treated with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent on the main surface 2 a bonded to the reinforcing layer 4 in the glass sheet 2. Good. The change in the thickness of the glass sheet 2 due to the surface treatment is sufficiently small (for example, 10 nm or less) compared to the thickness of the glass sheet 2 before the surface treatment.
　補強層４は、巻芯などのロールに沿って複合シート６を曲げ変形したときに、ガラスシート２と剥離しない程度の結合力を有し、ガラスシート２の傷が開くのを制限する。補強層４は、電子デバイスの製造工程の途中でガラスシート２から剥離されてもよく、電子デバイスの一部とならなくてもよい。 The reinforcing layer 4 has a binding force that does not peel from the glass sheet 2 when the composite sheet 6 is bent and deformed along a roll such as a winding core, and restricts the glass sheet 2 from being damaged. The reinforcing layer 4 may be peeled off from the glass sheet 2 during the manufacturing process of the electronic device, and may not be a part of the electronic device.
　補強層４は、ガラスシート２の平均破壊強度を高めたい部分を覆えばよく、ガラスシート２の一方の主面２ａの少なくとも一部を覆う。補強層４は、好ましくは、ガラスシート２の一方の主面２ａ全体を覆う。尚、補強層４はガラスシート２の一方の主面２ａからはみ出してもよい。 The reinforcing layer 4 may cover a portion of the glass sheet 2 where the average breaking strength is desired to be increased, and covers at least a part of one main surface 2a of the glass sheet 2. The reinforcing layer 4 preferably covers the entire main surface 2 a of the glass sheet 2. The reinforcing layer 4 may protrude from one main surface 2a of the glass sheet 2.
　補強層４は、ガラスシート２上に液状の樹脂組成物を塗布し固化させて形成されてもよいし、ガラスシート２に樹脂フィルムを貼り付けて形成されてもよい。後者の場合、補強層４は、樹脂フィルムおよび樹脂フィルムとガラスシートとを接着する接着層で構成されてもよい。尚、後者の場合、接着剤を用いずに、ガラスシートの表面処理（例えばシランカップリング処理）した面と、樹脂フィルムの表面処理（例えばコロナ処理）した面とを貼り合わせてもよい。表面処理による樹脂フィルムの厚みの変化は、表面処理前の樹脂フィルムの厚みに比べて十分に小さい（例えば１０ｎｍ以下）。 The reinforcing layer 4 may be formed by applying a liquid resin composition on the glass sheet 2 and solidifying it, or may be formed by attaching a resin film to the glass sheet 2. In the latter case, the reinforcing layer 4 may be composed of a resin film and an adhesive layer that bonds the resin film and the glass sheet. In the latter case, the surface of the glass sheet (for example, silane coupling treatment) and the surface of the resin film (for example, corona treatment) may be bonded together without using an adhesive. The change in the thickness of the resin film due to the surface treatment is sufficiently small (for example, 10 nm or less) compared to the thickness of the resin film before the surface treatment.
　補強層４は、図４では１つの層で構成されるが、材料の異なる複数の層で構成されてもよい。補強層４におけるガラスシート２と結合する主面とは反対側の面は、露出面であってよい。 The reinforcing layer 4 is composed of one layer in FIG. 4, but may be composed of a plurality of layers made of different materials. The surface of the reinforcing layer 4 opposite to the main surface coupled to the glass sheet 2 may be an exposed surface.
　補強層４は、例えば樹脂のみで形成されてよい。尚、補強層４は、樹脂を含む材料で形成されていればよく、例えば樹脂およびフィラーで形成されてもよい。フィラーとしては、繊維状もしくは、板状、鱗片状、粒状、不定形状、破砕品など非繊維状の充填剤が挙げられ、具体的には例えば、ガラス繊維、ＰＡＮ系やピッチ系の炭素繊維、ステンレス繊維、アルミニウム繊維や黄銅繊維などの金属繊維、芳香族ポリアミド繊維などの有機繊維、石膏繊維、セラミック繊維、アスベスト繊維、ジルコニア繊維、アルミナ繊維、シリカ繊維、酸化チタン繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維、ロックウール、チタン酸カリウムウィスカー、チタン酸バリウムウィスカー、ほう酸アルミニウムウィスカー、窒化ケイ素ウィスカー、マイカ、タルク、カオリン、シリカ、炭酸カルシウム、ガラスビーズ、ガラスフレーク、ガラスマイクロバルーン、クレー、二硫化モリブデン、ワラステナイト、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、ポリリン酸カルシウム、グラファイト、金属粉、金属フレーク、金属リボン、金属酸化物、カーボン粉末、黒鉛、カーボンフレーク、鱗片状カーボン、カーボンナノチューブなどが挙げられる。金属粉、金属フレーク、金属リボンの金属種の具体例としては銀、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、アルミニウム、ステンレス、鉄、黄銅、クロム、錫などが例示できる。ガラス繊維あるいは炭素繊維の種類は、一般に樹脂の強化用に用いるものなら特に限定はなく、例えば長繊維タイプや短繊維タイプのチョップドストランド、ミルドファイバーなどから選択して用いることができる。また、補強層４は、樹脂を含浸した織布、不織布などで構成されてもよい。 The reinforcing layer 4 may be formed of only resin, for example. In addition, the reinforcement layer 4 should just be formed with the material containing resin, for example, may be formed with resin and a filler. Examples of fillers include fibrous or non-fibrous fillers such as plate-like, scale-like, granular, indeterminate shapes, and crushed products. Specific examples include glass fibers, PAN-based and pitch-based carbon fibers, Stainless steel fiber, metal fiber such as aluminum fiber and brass fiber, organic fiber such as aromatic polyamide fiber, gypsum fiber, ceramic fiber, asbestos fiber, zirconia fiber, alumina fiber, silica fiber, titanium oxide fiber, silicon carbide fiber, rock wool , Potassium titanate whisker, barium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, silicon nitride whisker, mica, talc, kaolin, silica, calcium carbonate, glass beads, glass flake, glass microballoon, clay, molybdenum disulfide, wollastonite, oxidation Titanium, zinc oxide, poly Calcium phosphate, graphite, metal powders, metal flakes, metal ribbons, metal oxides, carbon powder, graphite, carbon flake, scaly carbon, and carbon nanotubes. Specific examples of metal species of metal powder, metal flakes, and metal ribbons include silver, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, stainless steel, iron, brass, chromium, and tin. The type of glass fiber or carbon fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for reinforcing a resin, and can be selected from long fiber type, short fiber type chopped strand, milled fiber, and the like. The reinforcing layer 4 may be composed of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or the like impregnated with a resin.
　補強層４の樹脂は、多種多様であってよく、例えば例えば熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂のいずれでもよい。熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリイミド（ＰＩ）、エポキシ（ＥＰ）等が用いられる。熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリアミド（ＰＡ）、ポリアミドイミド（ＰＡＩ）、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）、ポリベンズイミダゾール（ＰＢＩ）、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、ポリエチレンナフタレート（ＰＥＮ）、ポリエーテルサルホン（ＰＥＳ）、環状ポリオレフィン（ＣＯＰ）、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）、ポリ塩化ビニル（ＰＶＣ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、アクリル（ＰＭＭＡ）、ウレタン（ＰＵ）等が用いられる。尚、樹脂膜は、光硬化性樹脂で形成されてもよく、共重合体、または混合物であってもよい。ロールツーロール法による電子デバイスの製造工程は加熱処理を伴う工程を含むことがあり、樹脂の耐熱温度（連続使用可能温度）は好ましくは１００℃以上である。耐熱温度が１００℃以上の樹脂としては、例えばポリイミド（ＰＩ）、エポキシ（ＥＰ）、ポリアミド（ＰＡ）、ポリアミドイミド（ＰＡＩ）、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）、ポリベンズイミダゾール（ＰＢＩ）、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、ポリエチレンナフタレート（ＰＥＮ）、ポリエーテルサルホン（ＰＥＳ）、環状ポリオレフィン（ＣＯＰ）、ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ）、ポリ塩化ビニル（ＰＶＣ）、アクリル（ＰＭＭＡ）、ウレタン（ＰＵ）などが挙げられる。 The resin of the reinforcing layer 4 may be various, for example, either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. As the thermosetting resin, for example, polyimide (PI), epoxy (EP), or the like is used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyamide (PA), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polybenzimidazole (PBI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyethersal. Hong (PES), cyclic polyolefin (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylic (PMMA), urethane (PU) and the like are used. The resin film may be formed of a photocurable resin, and may be a copolymer or a mixture. The manufacturing process of the electronic device by the roll-to-roll method may include a process involving heat treatment, and the heat-resistant temperature (continuous usable temperature) of the resin is preferably 100 ° C. or higher. Examples of the resin having a heat resistant temperature of 100 ° C. or higher include polyimide (PI), epoxy (EP), polyamide (PA), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polybenzimidazole (PBI), and polyethylene terephthalate. (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), cyclic polyolefin (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylic (PMMA), urethane (PU) and the like. .
　補強層４の平均厚みは、例えば１００μｍ未満である。補強層４の平均厚みが１００μｍ未満であれば、複合シート６のフレキシブル性が十分確保できる。また、補強層４の平均厚みが１００μｍ未満であれば、樹脂とガラスとの熱膨張係数差による反りが抑制できる。補強層４の平均厚みは、好ましくは９０μｍ以下、より好ましくは７５μｍ以下である。 The average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is, for example, less than 100 μm. If the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is less than 100 μm, the flexibility of the composite sheet 6 can be sufficiently secured. Moreover, if the average thickness of the reinforcement layer 4 is less than 100 micrometers, the curvature by the thermal expansion coefficient difference of resin and glass can be suppressed. The average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is preferably 90 μm or less, more preferably 75 μm or less.
　また、補強層４の平均厚みは、例えば０．５μｍ以上である。補強層４の平均厚みが０．５μｍ以上であれば、補強層４の存在によってガラスシート２の傷が開くのを制限できる。補強層４の平均厚みは、好ましくは１μｍ以上、より好ましくは２μｍ以上である。 Further, the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is, for example, 0.5 μm or more. If the average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is 0.5 μm or more, it is possible to limit the opening of the glass sheet 2 due to the presence of the reinforcing layer 4. The average thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is preferably 1 μm or more, more preferably 2 μm or more.
　さらに、シート物は、素子付きの脆性シート、最終製品である電子デバイスなどでもよい。素子付きの脆性シート、電子デバイスは、少なくとも脆性シートを含み、図４に示す補強層４をさらに含んでもよい。 Furthermore, the sheet material may be a brittle sheet with elements, an electronic device as a final product, or the like. The brittle sheet with an element and the electronic device include at least a brittle sheet and may further include a reinforcing layer 4 shown in FIG.
　電子デバイスとしては、画像表示パネル、太陽電池、薄膜二次電池、撮像素子（ＣＣＤ、ＣＭＯＳなど）、圧力センサ、加速度センサ、生体センサなどが挙げられる。画像表示パネルとしては、液晶パネル（ＬＣＤ）、プラズマディスプレイパネル（ＰＤＰ）、有機ＥＬパネル（ＯＬＥＤ）、電子ペーパなどが挙げられる。 Examples of the electronic device include an image display panel, a solar battery, a thin film secondary battery, an image sensor (CCD, CMOS, etc.), a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a biological sensor. Examples of the image display panel include a liquid crystal panel (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic EL panel (OLED), and electronic paper.
　図５は、本発明の一実施形態による液晶パネルを示す図である。液晶パネル７０は、ＴＦＴ基板７２、ＣＦ基板７４、および液晶層７６などで構成される。ＴＦＴ基板７２は、ガラスシート２上にＴＦＴ素子（薄膜トランジスタ）７３などをパターン形成してなる。ＣＦ基板７４は、ガラスシート２上にカラーフィルター素子７５をパターン形成してなる。ＴＦＴ基板７２およびＣＦ基板７４が特許請求の範囲に記載の素子付き脆性シートに相当する。 FIG. 5 is a view showing a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal panel 70 includes a TFT substrate 72, a CF substrate 74, a liquid crystal layer 76, and the like. The TFT substrate 72 is formed by patterning TFT elements (thin film transistors) 73 on the glass sheet 2. The CF substrate 74 is formed by patterning a color filter element 75 on the glass sheet 2. The TFT substrate 72 and the CF substrate 74 correspond to the brittle sheet with elements described in the claims.
　図６は、本発明の一実施形態による有機ＥＬパネル（ＯＬＥＤ）を示す図である。有機ＥＬパネル８０は、例えばガラスシート２、透明電極８２、有機層８４、反射電極８６、および封止板８８などで構成される。有機層８４は、少なくとも発光層を含み、必要に応じて正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、電子輸送層、電子注入層を含む。例えば、有機層８４は、陽極側から、正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層、および電子注入層をこの順で含む。透明電極８２、有機層８４、および反射電極８６などで、ボトムエミッション型の有機ＥＬ素子８１が構成される。尚、有機ＥＬ素子は、トップエミッション型でもよい。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an organic EL panel (OLED) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The organic EL panel 80 includes, for example, the glass sheet 2, the transparent electrode 82, the organic layer 84, the reflective electrode 86, and the sealing plate 88. The organic layer 84 includes at least a light emitting layer, and includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer as necessary. For example, the organic layer 84 includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer in this order from the anode side. The transparent electrode 82, the organic layer 84, the reflective electrode 86, and the like constitute a bottom emission type organic EL element 81. The organic EL element may be a top emission type.
　図７は、本発明の一実施形態による太陽電池を示す図である。太陽電池９０は、例えばガラスシート２、透明電極９２、シリコン層９４、反射電極９６、および封止板９８などで構成される。シリコン層は、例えば、陽極側から、ｐ層（ｐ型にドーピングされた層）、ｉ層（光吸収層）、ｎ層（ｎ型にドーピングされた層）などで構成される。透明電極９２、シリコン層９４、および反射電極９６などで、シリコン型の太陽電池素子９１が構成される。尚、太陽電池素子は、化合物型、色素増感型、量子ドット型などでもよい。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell 90 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a transparent electrode 92, a silicon layer 94, a reflective electrode 96, a sealing plate 98, and the like. The silicon layer includes, for example, a p layer (p-type doped layer), an i layer (light absorption layer), an n layer (n-type doped layer), and the like from the anode side. The transparent electrode 92, the silicon layer 94, the reflective electrode 96, and the like constitute a silicon type solar cell element 91. The solar cell element may be a compound type, a dye sensitized type, a quantum dot type, or the like.
　図８は、本発明の一実施形態による薄膜２次電池を示す図である。薄膜２次電池１００は、例えばガラスシート２、透明電極１０２、電解質層１０４、集電層１０６、封止層１０８、および封止板１０９などで構成される。透明電極１０２、電解質層１０４、集電層１０６、および封止層１０８などで、薄膜２次電池素子１０１が構成される。尚、本実施形態の薄膜２次電池素子１０１は、リチウムイオン型であるが、ニッケル水素型、ポリマー型、セラミックス電解質型などでもよい。 FIG. 8 is a view showing a thin film secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. The thin film secondary battery 100 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a transparent electrode 102, an electrolyte layer 104, a current collecting layer 106, a sealing layer 108, a sealing plate 109, and the like. The thin-film secondary battery element 101 is configured by the transparent electrode 102, the electrolyte layer 104, the current collecting layer 106, the sealing layer 108, and the like. The thin-film secondary battery element 101 of this embodiment is a lithium ion type, but may be a nickel hydrogen type, a polymer type, a ceramic electrolyte type, or the like.
　図９は、本発明の一実施形態による電子ペーパを示す図である。電子ペーパ１１０は、例えばガラスシート２、ＴＦＴ層１１２、電気工学媒体（例えばマイクロカプセル）を含む層１１４、透明電極１１６、および前面板１１８で構成される。ＴＦＴ層１１２、電気工学媒体の層１１４、および透明電極１１６などで、電子ペーパ素子１１１が構成される。電子ペーパ素子は、マイクロカプセル型、インプレーン型、ツイストボール型、粒子移動型、電子噴流型、ポリマーネットワーク型のいずれでもよい。 FIG. 9 is a view showing electronic paper according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic paper 110 includes, for example, a glass sheet 2, a TFT layer 112, a layer 114 containing an electrical engineering medium (for example, microcapsule), a transparent electrode 116, and a front plate 118. The electronic paper element 111 is constituted by the TFT layer 112, the layer 114 of the electrical engineering medium, the transparent electrode 116, and the like. The electronic paper element may be any of a microcapsule type, an in-plane type, a twist ball type, a particle movement type, an electronic jet type, and a polymer network type.
　ところで、複合シートや素子付き脆性シート、電子デバイスでは、ガラスシート２の少なくとも片側に薄膜が形成される。曲げ試験時に、ガラスシート２の薄膜形成面の湾曲部の頂端に発生する引張応力σは、下記の式（２）に基づいて算出可能である。
σ＝Ａ×Ｅ×ｔ／（Ｄ´－ｔ）・・・（２）
上記式（２）中、Ａは本試験に固有の定数（１．１９８）、Ｅはガラスシート２のヤング率、ｔはガラスシート２の厚さ、Ｄ´は「Ｄ´＝Ｄ－２×ｕ」の式から算出される値である。ｕは薄膜の厚さを表す。薄膜の存在によって、ガラスシートの上端と下端の間隔が間隔Ｄよりも２×ｕだけ短くなる。尚、薄膜の存在によるガラスシート２の中立面の変位量は、ガラスシート２の厚さｔの５％以下であり、引張応力σの計算結果にほとんど影響を与えないので、無視する。中立面とは、引張応力も圧縮応力も生じない面であって、薄膜が存在しない場合、ガラスシート２の板厚方向中心面である。中立面の変位量は、材料力学の一般的な式を用いて算出できる。ガラスシート２が割れたときの引張応力σが破壊強度として用いられる。 By the way, in a composite sheet, a brittle sheet with elements, and an electronic device, a thin film is formed on at least one side of the glass sheet 2. During the bending test, the tensile stress σ generated at the apex of the curved portion of the thin film forming surface of the glass sheet 2 can be calculated based on the following formula (2).
σ = A × E × t / (D′−t) (2)
In the above formula (2), A is a constant (1.198) specific to this test, E is the Young's modulus of the glass sheet 2, t is the thickness of the glass sheet 2, and D ′ is “D ′ = D−2 × It is a value calculated from the equation “u”. u represents the thickness of the thin film. Due to the presence of the thin film, the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the glass sheet is shorter than the distance D by 2 × u. Note that the amount of displacement of the neutral surface of the glass sheet 2 due to the presence of the thin film is 5% or less of the thickness t of the glass sheet 2 and has little influence on the calculation result of the tensile stress σ, so it is ignored. The neutral surface is a surface in which neither a tensile stress nor a compressive stress is generated, and is a center plane in the thickness direction of the glass sheet 2 when no thin film is present. The displacement amount of the neutral plane can be calculated using a general formula of material mechanics. The tensile stress σ when the glass sheet 2 is broken is used as the fracture strength.
　次に、シート物の製造方法について説明する。シート物の製造方法は、シート物を製造するシート物製造工程と、シート物製造工程で製造したシート物を湾曲させる試験工程とを有する。 Next, a method for manufacturing a sheet will be described. The manufacturing method of a sheet has a sheet manufacturing process for manufacturing a sheet, and a test process for bending the sheet manufactured in the sheet manufacturing process.
　シート物製造工程は、一般的な工程であってよい。例えばシート物がガラスシートの場合、シート物製造工程はフロート法、フュージョン法、リドロー法のいずれでもよい。フロート法では、浴槽内の溶融スズ上で溶融ガラスを流動させて帯板状に成形し、成形したガラスを徐冷した後、徐冷したガラスを所望のサイズに切断する。フュージョン法では、樋状部材から左右両側に溢れ出た溶融ガラスを、樋状部材の下端で合流させて帯板状に成形し、成形したガラスを徐冷した後、徐冷したガラスを所望のサイズに切断する。リドロー法では、ガラスシートを熱で軟化させたうえで所望の厚さに引き伸ばし、引き伸ばしたガラスシートを固化させる。 The sheet manufacturing process may be a general process. For example, when the sheet is a glass sheet, the sheet manufacturing process may be any of a float method, a fusion method, and a redraw method. In the float process, molten glass is flowed on molten tin in a bath and formed into a strip shape. After the formed glass is gradually cooled, the gradually cooled glass is cut into a desired size. In the fusion method, the molten glass overflowing from the left and right sides of the bowl-shaped member is joined at the lower end of the bowl-shaped member to form a strip, and after the formed glass is slowly cooled, the gradually cooled glass is obtained as desired. Cut to size. In the redraw method, the glass sheet is softened with heat and then stretched to a desired thickness, and the stretched glass sheet is solidified.
　試験工程は、上記曲げ試験装置１０を用いて行われてよい。試験方法については既に説明した通りである。破壊強度が所定値を超えるシート物は良品と判定され、破壊強度が所定値以下のシート物は不良品と判定される。 The test process may be performed using the bending test apparatus 10. The test method has already been described. A sheet having a breaking strength exceeding a predetermined value is determined as a non-defective product, and a sheet having a breaking strength equal to or lower than a predetermined value is determined as a defective product.
　次に、ガラスシート２について説明する。
  ガラスシート２は、好ましくは、図１の曲げ試験装置１０を用いて下記式（３）の条件で曲げ試験を行う場合にクラックが形成されないものである。下記式（３）は上記式（１）を変形したものである。
Ｄ＝（Ａ×Ｅ×ｔ／σ）＋ｔ・・・（３）
Ｄ；上側支持盤１４の支持面１４ａと下側支持盤１６の支持面１６ａとの間隔（単位［ｍｍ］）
Ａ＝１．１９８
Ｅ；ガラスシート２のヤング率（単位［ＭＰａ］）
ｔ；ガラスシート２の厚さ（単位［ｍｍ］）
σ＝５０（単位［ＭＰａ］）
  つまり、ガラスシート２は、図１の曲げ試験装置１０を用いて曲げ試験を行う場合の破壊強度が５０ＭＰａよりも大きいものであってよい。破壊強度が５０ＭＰａよりも大きいガラスシート２は、巻芯に対して渦巻き状に巻き付けて保管した場合に、ほとんど割れない。 Next, the glass sheet 2 will be described.
The glass sheet 2 is preferably such that no cracks are formed when the bending test is performed under the condition of the following formula (3) using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG. The following formula (3) is a modification of the above formula (1).
D = (A × E × t / σ) + t (3)
D: Distance between the support surface 14a of the upper support plate 14 and the support surface 16a of the lower support plate 16 (unit [mm])
A = 1.198
E: Young's modulus of glass sheet 2 (unit: [MPa])
t: thickness of the glass sheet 2 (unit: [mm])
σ = 50 (unit [MPa])
That is, the glass sheet 2 may have a breaking strength greater than 50 MPa when a bending test is performed using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG. The glass sheet 2 having a fracture strength greater than 50 MPa hardly breaks when stored in a spiral shape around the core.
　尚、セラミックスシートも、図１の曲げ試験装置１０を用いて曲げ試験を行う場合の破壊強度が５０ＭＰａよりも大きいものであってよい。 Note that the ceramic sheet may also have a fracture strength greater than 50 MPa when a bending test is performed using the bending test apparatus 10 of FIG.
　例１～例４では、脆性シートとして矩形状のガラスシート（長辺３００ｍｍ、短辺２００ｍｍ）を用意した。ガラスシートは、フロート法で作製した。具体的には、溶融スズ上で溶融ガラスを流動させて帯板状に成形し、成形したガラスを徐冷した後、徐冷したガラスを所望のサイズに切断した。徐冷工程および切断工程において、ガラスを圧縮空気の空気圧で支持し、ガラスが固体物と触れないようにした。切断工程では、非接触切断法であるレーザ切断法を用いた。用意したガラスシートを図１の曲げ試験装置で曲げ試験した。 In Examples 1 to 4, a rectangular glass sheet (long side 300 mm, short side 200 mm) was prepared as a brittle sheet. The glass sheet was produced by the float process. Specifically, molten glass was flowed on molten tin to form a strip, and the molded glass was slowly cooled, and then the gradually cooled glass was cut into a desired size. In the slow cooling step and the cutting step, the glass was supported by compressed air pressure so that the glass did not come into contact with solid objects. In the cutting process, a laser cutting method which is a non-contact cutting method was used. The prepared glass sheet was subjected to a bending test using the bending test apparatus shown in FIG.
　例５および例６では、脆性シートとして、例１～例４と同様に作成したガラスシートを用意し、ガラスシートの評価面に予めサンドペーパで深さ１０μｍ程度の傷を付けた。その後、用意したガラスシートを図１の曲げ試験装置で曲げ試験した。曲げ試験では、ガラスシートの傷を付けた面に引張応力が生じるように複合シートを曲げた。 In Examples 5 and 6, a glass sheet prepared in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 was prepared as a brittle sheet, and the evaluation surface of the glass sheet was previously scratched with a sandpaper to a depth of about 10 μm. Thereafter, the prepared glass sheet was subjected to a bending test using the bending test apparatus shown in FIG. In the bending test, the composite sheet was bent so that a tensile stress was generated on the scratched surface of the glass sheet.
　例１～例６の試験条件および試験結果を表１に示す。表１のｔ、Ｅ、Ｄ、σは、式（１）のｔ、Ｅ、Ｄ、σと同じ意味である。 Table 1 shows the test conditions and test results of Examples 1 to 6. T, E, D, and σ in Table 1 have the same meaning as t, E, D, and σ in Equation (1).
　表１から明らかなように、例１～例４では、徐冷工程および切断工程において、ガラスを圧縮空気の空気圧で支持し、ガラスが固体物と触れないようにしたので、曲げ試験でクラックが形成されず、破壊強度が５０ＭＰａよりも大きいことを確認できた。また、例１～例２のガラスシートと同様に作成した帯状のガラスシート（長辺３０ｍ、短辺３００ｍｍ、厚さ５０μｍ）を直径３インチ（直径７６．２ｍｍ）の巻芯に渦巻き状に巻き付けて３０日間保管したところ、クラックが発生しなかった。また、例３～例４のガラスシートと同様に作成した帯状のガラスシート（長辺３０ｍ、短辺３００ｍｍ、厚さ１００μｍ）を直径６インチ（直径１５２．４ｍｍ）の巻芯に渦巻き状に巻き付けて３０日間保管したところ、クラックが発生しなかった。 As is clear from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4, the glass was supported by the air pressure of the compressed air in the slow cooling step and the cutting step so that the glass did not come into contact with the solid material. It was not formed and it was confirmed that the fracture strength was greater than 50 MPa. Also, a strip-shaped glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 50 μm) prepared in the same manner as the glass sheet of Example 1 to Example 2 is spirally wound around a core having a diameter of 3 inches (diameter 76.2 mm). When stored for 30 days, no cracks occurred. Also, a strip-shaped glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 100 μm) prepared in the same manner as the glass sheet of Example 3 to Example 4 is spirally wound around a core having a diameter of 6 inches (diameter 152.4 mm). When stored for 30 days, no cracks occurred.
　また、表１から明らかなように、例５～例６では、ガラスシートに傷がついているので、曲げ試験でクラックが形成され、破壊強度が５０ＭＰａ以下であることを確認できた。また、例５のガラスシートと同様の帯状のガラスシート（長辺３０ｍ、短辺３００ｍｍ、厚さ５０μｍ）を直径３インチ（直径７６．２ｍｍ）の巻芯に渦巻き状に巻き付けて３０日間保管したところ、クラックが発生した。ガラスシートは、ガラスシートの傷を付けた面に引張応力が生じるように巻芯に巻き付けた。また、例６のガラスシートと同様の帯状のガラスシート（長辺３０ｍ、短辺３００ｍｍ、厚さ１００μｍ）を直径６インチ（直径１５２．４ｍｍ）の巻芯に渦巻き状に巻き付けて３０日間保管したところ、クラックが発生した。ガラスシートは、ガラスシートの傷を付けた面に引張応力が生じるように巻芯に巻き付けた。 Further, as apparent from Table 1, in Examples 5 to 6, since the glass sheet was scratched, it was confirmed that cracks were formed in the bending test and the fracture strength was 50 MPa or less. Further, a belt-like glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 50 μm) similar to the glass sheet of Example 5 was spirally wound around a core having a diameter of 3 inches (diameter 76.2 mm) and stored for 30 days. However, cracks occurred. The glass sheet was wound around the core so that a tensile stress was generated on the surface of the glass sheet having scratches. Further, a belt-like glass sheet (long side 30 m, short side 300 mm, thickness 100 μm) similar to the glass sheet of Example 6 was spirally wound around a 6-inch diameter core (diameter 152.4 mm) and stored for 30 days. However, cracks occurred. The glass sheet was wound around the core so that a tensile stress was generated on the surface of the glass sheet having scratches.
　以上、曲げ試験装置などの実施形態を説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されない。本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載された趣旨の範囲で変形や改良が可能である。 The embodiments of the bending test apparatus and the like have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The present invention can be modified and improved within the scope of the gist of the claims.
　例えば、上記実施形態では、第１の支持盤としての上側支持盤１４と、第２の支持盤としての下側支持盤１６とが上下方向に間隔をおいて配設されるが、第１の支持盤と第２の支持盤とは水平方向に間隔をおいて配設されてもよい。 For example, in the above embodiment, the upper support plate 14 as the first support plate and the lower support plate 16 as the second support plate are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The support plate and the second support plate may be disposed at an interval in the horizontal direction.
　また、上記実施形態では、図１に示すように、ガラスシート２の一端部を上側支持盤１４にテープで固定し、ガラスシート２の他端部を下側支持盤１６に載置するが、ガラスシート２のセット方法は多種多様であってよい。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, although the one end part of the glass sheet 2 is fixed to the upper side support board 14 with a tape, the other end part of the glass sheet 2 is mounted in the lower side support board 16, There are various methods for setting the glass sheet 2.
　図１０は、変形例による曲げ試験装置のシート物のセット時の状態を示す図である。図１１において、曲げ試験装置の要部のみ図示する。図１１は、図１０の下側支持盤を上方から見た図である。例えば図１０に示すように、帯板状の上側固定板１２２と上側支持盤１４との間にガラスシート２の一端部を挟み、上側固定板１２２と上側支持盤１４とを上側固定ボルト１２４で締めて固定してよい。また、帯板状の下側固定板１２６と下側支持盤１６との間にガラスシート２の他端部を挟み、下側固定板１２６と下側支持盤１６とを下側固定ボルト１２８で締めて固定してよい。 FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state when a sheet is set in a bending test apparatus according to a modification. In FIG. 11, only the main part of the bending test apparatus is shown. FIG. 11 is a view of the lower support plate of FIG. 10 as viewed from above. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, one end portion of the glass sheet 2 is sandwiched between the belt-like upper fixing plate 122 and the upper support plate 14, and the upper fixing plate 122 and the upper support plate 14 are connected by the upper fixing bolt 124. It may be fastened and fixed. Further, the other end portion of the glass sheet 2 is sandwiched between the belt-like lower fixing plate 126 and the lower support plate 16, and the lower fixing plate 126 and the lower support plate 16 are connected by the lower fixing bolt 128. It may be fastened and fixed.
　下側支持盤１６には、図１１に示すように下側固定ボルト１２８の軸部１２８ｂを挿通させる長孔１６ｂが形成されてよい。下側固定ボルト１２８を緩め、下側固定ボルト１２８を長孔１６ｂの長手方向に移動させることで、下側支持盤１６に対する下側固定板１２６の位置が調節可能である。種々のサイズのガラスシート２に対応することができる。 As shown in FIG. 11, the lower support plate 16 may be formed with a long hole 16b through which the shaft portion 128b of the lower fixing bolt 128 is inserted. The position of the lower fixing plate 126 relative to the lower support plate 16 can be adjusted by loosening the lower fixing bolt 128 and moving the lower fixing bolt 128 in the longitudinal direction of the long hole 16b. It can respond to the glass sheet 2 of various sizes.
　下側固定ボルト１２８が下側固定板１２６から上方に突出しないように、下側固定ボルト１２８の頭部１２８ａは下側支持盤１６と接触し、下側固定ボルト１２８の軸部１２８ｂは下側支持盤１６に形成されるボルト孔に螺合される。下側固定板１２６は、ガラスシート２の損傷を防止するため、ガラスシート２と接触する樹脂層と、金属製の本体とで構成されてよい。 The head 128a of the lower fixing bolt 128 is in contact with the lower support plate 16 so that the lower fixing bolt 128 does not protrude upward from the lower fixing plate 126, and the shaft portion 128b of the lower fixing bolt 128 is on the lower side. It is screwed into a bolt hole formed in the support board 16. In order to prevent the glass sheet 2 from being damaged, the lower fixing plate 126 may be composed of a resin layer that is in contact with the glass sheet 2 and a metal main body.
　尚、下側支持盤１６と同様に、上側支持盤１４にも長孔が形成されてよい。また、下側固定ボルト１２８と同様に、上側固定ボルト１２４は上側固定板１２２から下方に突出しないように構成されてよい。 Note that, similarly to the lower support plate 16, a long hole may be formed in the upper support plate 14. Similarly to the lower fixing bolt 128, the upper fixing bolt 124 may be configured not to protrude downward from the upper fixing plate 122.
　本出願は、２０１３年４月１５日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願２０１３－０８５２２０号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、特願２０１３－０８５２２０号の全内容を本出願に援用する。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-085220 filed with the Japan Patent Office on April 15, 2013. The entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-085220 are incorporated herein by reference. To do.
２　　脆性シート
１０　曲げ試験装置
１２　ベース
１４　上側支持盤（第１の支持盤）
１４ａ　支持面
１６　下側支持盤（第２の支持盤）
１６ａ　支持面
２０　移動部
２１　昇降フレーム
２２　モータ
２３　ボールねじ機構
２４　スライダブロック
３０　調整部
４０　検出部
５０　支持部
５２　連結部
６０　載置部 2 Brittle sheet 10 Bending test device 12 Base 14 Upper support plate (first support plate)
14a Support surface 16 Lower support plate (second support plate)
16a Support surface 20 Moving part 21 Lifting frame 22 Motor 23 Ball screw mechanism 24 Slider block 30 Adjustment part 40 Detection part 50 Support part 52 Connection part 60 Mounting part

Claims (18)

  1. 　第１の支持盤と第２の支持盤とにそれぞれ脆性材料を含むシート物を支持させ、
    　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を維持した状態で、前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置を移動させ、
    　前記第１の支持盤と前記第２の支持盤との間で湾曲させる前記シート物にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べる、曲げ試験方法。     The first support plate and the second support plate each support a sheet containing a brittle material,
    Moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other is maintained;
    A bending test method for investigating whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet to be bent between the first support plate and the second support plate.
  2. 　前記シート物にクラックが形成されなかった場合、前記間隔を狭めた後、
    　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を維持した状態で、前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置を移動させ、
    　前記第１の支持盤と前記第２の支持盤との間で湾曲させる前記シート物にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べる、請求項１に記載の曲げ試験方法。     If no cracks are formed in the sheet, after narrowing the interval,
    Moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other is maintained;
    The bending test method according to claim 1, wherein it is examined whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet material that is bent between the first support plate and the second support plate.
  3. 　前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置の所定方向への１回の移動量が１００ｍｍ以上であり、
    　前記シート物の評価面積が１００ｃｍ２以上である、請求項１または２に記載の曲げ試験方法。     The amount of movement of the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a predetermined direction is 100 mm or more,
    The bending test method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaluation area of the sheet is 100 cm 2 or more.
  4. 　前記シート物にクラックが形成されるときに発生する弾性波の有無を検出し、前記シート物にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べる、請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の曲げ試験方法。 The bending according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when a crack is formed in the sheet is detected, and whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet is determined. Test method.
  5. 　前記第１の支持盤は、前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面とが平行となる第１の位置と、前記第１の支持盤の支持面および前記第２の支持盤の支持面とが斜めになる第２の位置との間で回動自在とされる、請求項１～４のいずれか１項に記載の曲げ試験方法。 The first support plate includes a first position where a support surface of the first support plate and a support surface of the second support plate are parallel, a support surface of the first support plate, and the first support plate. The bending test method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bending test method is rotatable between a second position where the support surface of the second support plate is inclined.
  6. 　脆性材料を含むシート物を製造するシート物製造工程と、
    　該シート物製造工程で製造した前記シート物を湾曲させる試験工程とを有し、
    　該試験工程では、
    　第１の支持盤と第２の支持盤とにそれぞれ前記シート物を支持させ、
    　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を維持した状態で、前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置を移動させ、
    　前記第１の支持盤と前記第２の支持盤との間で湾曲させる前記シート物にクラックが形成されるか否かを調べる、シート物の製造方法。     A sheet manufacturing process for manufacturing a sheet including a brittle material;
    A test process for bending the sheet manufactured in the sheet manufacturing process,
    In the test process,
    The first support plate and the second support plate each support the sheet material,
    Moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other is maintained;
    A method for manufacturing a sheet material, in which it is determined whether or not a crack is formed in the sheet material that is curved between the first support plate and the second support plate.
  7. 　前記シート物は、ガラスまたはセラミックスで形成される脆性シートである、請求項６に記載のシート物の製造方法。 The method for producing a sheet according to claim 6, wherein the sheet is a brittle sheet formed of glass or ceramics.
  8. 　前記シート物は、ガラスまたはセラミックスで形成される脆性シートと、該脆性シート上に樹脂を含む材料で形成される補強層とを有する複合シートである、請求項６に記載のシート物の製造方法。 The method for producing a sheet according to claim 6, wherein the sheet is a composite sheet having a brittle sheet formed of glass or ceramics and a reinforcing layer formed of a material containing a resin on the brittle sheet. .
  9. 　前記シート物は、ガラスまたはセラミックスで形成される脆性シートと、該脆性シート上に形成される素子とを含む素子付き脆性シートである、請求項６に記載のシート物の製造方法。 The method for producing a sheet according to claim 6, wherein the sheet is a brittle sheet with an element including a brittle sheet formed of glass or ceramics and an element formed on the brittle sheet.
  10. 　前記シート物は、ガラスまたはセラミックスで形成される脆性シートを含む電子デバイスである、請求項６に記載のシート物の製造方法。 The method for producing a sheet according to claim 6, wherein the sheet is an electronic device including a brittle sheet formed of glass or ceramics.
  11. 　脆性材料を含むシート物を支持する第１の支持盤と、
    　前記シート物を支持する第２の支持盤と、
    　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を維持した状態で、前記第１の支持盤に対する前記第２の支持盤の位置を移動させる移動部とを備え、
    　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間で前記シート物を湾曲させる、曲げ試験装置。     A first support plate for supporting a sheet containing a brittle material;
    A second support plate for supporting the sheet material;
    Movement for moving the position of the second support plate relative to the first support plate in a state in which the distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate is maintained parallel to each other. With
    A bending test apparatus for bending the sheet material between a support surface of the first support plate and a support surface of the second support plate which are parallel to each other.
  12. 　互いに平行な前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔を調整する調整部を備える、請求項１１に記載の曲げ試験装置。 The bending test apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising an adjusting unit that adjusts a distance between a support surface of the first support plate and a support surface of the second support plate that are parallel to each other.
  13. 　前記シート物にクラックが生じるときに発生する弾性波の有無を検出する検出部を備える、請求項１１または１２に記載の曲げ試験装置。 The bending test apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising a detection unit configured to detect presence or absence of an elastic wave generated when a crack occurs in the sheet.
  14. 　連結部を介して前記第１の支持盤を、前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面とが平行となる第１の位置と、前記第１の支持盤の支持面および前記第２の支持盤の支持面とが斜めになる第２の位置との間で回動自在に支持する支持部を備える、請求項１１～１３のいずれか１項に記載の曲げ試験装置。 The first support plate is connected to the first support plate via a connecting portion at a first position where the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate are parallel to each other. The bending according to any one of claims 11 to 13, further comprising a support portion that rotatably supports a support surface and a second position where the support surface of the second support plate is inclined. Test equipment.
  15. 　前記第２の支持盤よりも上方に配設される前記第１の支持盤を載せる載置部を備える、請求項１１～１４のいずれか１項に記載の曲げ試験装置。 The bending test apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 14, further comprising a mounting portion on which the first support plate is disposed above the second support plate.
  16. 　ガラスまたはセラミックスで形成され、下記式の条件で請求項１に記載の曲げ試験方法を行う場合にクラックが形成されない、脆性シート。
    Ｄ＝（Ａ×Ｅ×ｔ／σ）＋ｔ
    Ｄ；前記第１の支持盤の支持面と前記第２の支持盤の支持面との間隔（単位［ｍｍ］）
    Ａ＝１．１９８
    Ｅ；前記脆性シートのヤング率（単位［ＭＰａ］）
    ｔ；前記脆性シートの厚さ（単位［ｍｍ］）
    σ＝５０（単位［ＭＰａ］）     A brittle sheet which is formed of glass or ceramics and does not form cracks when the bending test method according to claim 1 is performed under the conditions of the following formula.
    D = (A × E × t / σ) + t
    D: Distance between the support surface of the first support plate and the support surface of the second support plate (unit [mm])
    A = 1.198
    E; Young's modulus of the brittle sheet (unit: [MPa])
    t; thickness of the brittle sheet (unit: mm)
    σ = 50 (unit [MPa])
  17. 　請求項１６に記載の脆性シートを含む、素子付き脆性シート。 A brittle sheet with an element, comprising the brittle sheet according to claim 16.
  18. 　請求項１６に記載の脆性シートを含む、電子デバイス。 An electronic device comprising the brittle sheet according to claim 16.
PCT/JP2014/057160 2013-04-15 2014-03-17 Bend-test method, sheet-article manufacturing method, bend-test device, brittle sheet, brittle sheet with element attached thereto, and electronic device WO2014171247A1 (en)

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JP6387958B2 (en) 2018-09-12
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