WO2014161303A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'inspection pour soupape de décharge de transformateur - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'inspection pour soupape de décharge de transformateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014161303A1
WO2014161303A1 PCT/CN2013/086548 CN2013086548W WO2014161303A1 WO 2014161303 A1 WO2014161303 A1 WO 2014161303A1 CN 2013086548 W CN2013086548 W CN 2013086548W WO 2014161303 A1 WO2014161303 A1 WO 2014161303A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
solenoid valve
calibration
valve
value
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PCT/CN2013/086548
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戴缘生
袁志文
童在林
张喆
田肖艳
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国家电网公司
国网上海市电力公司
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Application filed by 国家电网公司, 国网上海市电力公司 filed Critical 国家电网公司
Publication of WO2014161303A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014161303A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0075—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment
    • F16K37/0091—For recording or indicating the functioning of a valve in combination with test equipment by measuring fluid parameters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pressure relief valves, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for verifying a pressure relief valve for a transformer. Background technique
  • Off-line detection is a direct measurement method.
  • the pressure relief valve needs to be removed and sent to the test bench for testing. This measurement method cannot simulate the effect of the actual temperature on the pressure relief valve setting pressure.
  • the pressure relief valve that has been verified on the calibration table may change its setting pressure and sealing performance due to installation and transportation reasons, which may bring safety hazards, thus affecting the safe and reliable operation of the transformer.
  • the existing online detection can not achieve real-time measurement without releasing the transformer oil completely. If the actual jump measurement is used, the outlet pressure is directly increased, and the pressure release valve is opened to record the action parameters, which not only causes actual damage to the equipment, but also has the same measurement. Poor performance and low measurement accuracy.
  • the instrument measurement methods developed by pressure relief valve manufacturers in Japan and the United States are only indirect measurement.
  • the hydraulic pump is used as the power source.
  • the external force curve is manually adjusted to control the pressure release valve opening process.
  • the human influence is large during the measurement process. Personnel need professional training and experience accumulation, need to compare the verification results, control the uncertainty, and the verification results are also highly susceptible to the use of the on-site environment.
  • the hardware and software related to data acquisition is simple in structure, and it is difficult to adapt to the increasing level of pressure relief valve verification.
  • the pressure relief valve is one of the important means of internal fault protection of the transformer. As the age increases, the aging of the various components of the pressure relief valve, especially the spring, will affect the accuracy of the pressure relief valve action.
  • all pressure relief valves have been unable to be effectively inspected and verified after installation due to restrictions on site conditions. There are no online calibrators at home and abroad, and the corresponding off-line calibrators are also lacking.
  • the pressure relief valve calibration method is mainly a method of suddenly releasing the impact after gas pressure storage.
  • This method has a cumbersome calibration device (the whole device has a mass greater than 300 kg), and can only be verified in the laboratory, and the calibration process noise and The energy consumption is high, and there is a safety hazard due to high-pressure gas storage, and the pressure relief valve field verification cannot be realized.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method and apparatus for verifying a pressure relief valve for a transformer.
  • a method for verifying a pressure relief valve of a transformer the specific step of which is
  • the pre-pressure calibration function measures the pressure value through the pre-pressure end pressure sensor. Before the pressure value measurement, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measured value, the pressure value needs to be calibrated.
  • the process block diagram is as shown in Figure 3;
  • the exhaust solenoid valve, the pressure control solenoid valve and the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve allow the pre-pressure end pressure sensor to directly communicate with the outside atmosphere. After a period of time has elapsed, record the AD code of the pre-pressurized sensor as the AD code at zero calibration; then perform full-scale calibration.
  • Digital module calibration includes zero calibration and full calibration, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the digital modules are factory calibrated with a standard pressure source. During use, if the pressure value needs to be recalibrated, the digital module can be directly connected to the standard pressure source for calibration. When calibrating, first connect the digital module to the atmosphere, and then send a zero calibration command to the digital module after stabilization. After the digital module finishes processing the zero calibration instruction, the microcontroller The moving digital module sends a read pressure value command, and the digital module returns the current pressure value. Adjust the pressure value of the standard pressure source to 0. 25MPa, and send a full-scale calibration command to the digital module after stabilization.
  • the MCU After the digital module processes the full-range calibration command, the MCU automatically sends a pressure value command to the digital module, and the digital module returns the current one. Pressure value.
  • the digital module can restore the calibration parameters to the factory state by restoring factory settings.
  • the pressure value is automatically uploaded about 10 seconds after the execution of the factory reset command.
  • the MCU communicates with the digital module and ARM through the RS232 interface.
  • the ARM zero-point calibration command and the full-range calibration command are received according to the communication protocol, and the command is transmitted to the digital module according to the communication protocol of the digital module.
  • the digital module After the digital module processes the zero calibration and the full-range calibration command, it will send the zero-point calibration and the full-frame calibration completion frame to the MCU.
  • the MCU After receiving the calibration completion frame, the MCU sends the read pressure value command to the digital module according to the communication protocol.
  • the pressure value read by the digital module is transmitted to the host computer through the single chip microcomputer.
  • the pressure measurement at the preloading end converts the pressure signal into a mv signal through a preload pressure sensor, and sends it to the AD7714 chip as a differential signal for AD conversion to convert the analog signal into a 24-bit digital signal.
  • the sensor signal is amplified inside the AD chip by configuring the control word with a magnification of 32.
  • the AD value is then converted to a pressure value by calculation.
  • the measurement of the AD signal adopts the interrupt mode. When the AD conversion is completed, an interrupt is applied to the microcontroller every 20 ms, and the microcontroller responds to the interrupt reading the AD code of the pressure value.
  • the AD chip and the microcontroller use the same clock source.
  • the pressure value is rapidly reduced and the lower pressure is reduced by controlling the duty ratio of the solenoid valve, and the pressure value is increased by the air pump.
  • the duty cycle of the solenoid valve is adjusted according to the pressure setting value to maintain the stability of the pressure value.
  • the duty ratio of the solenoid valve is large. As the pressure measurement value gets closer to the set value, the duty ratio of the solenoid valve is higher. The smaller it is.
  • the solenoid valve closes.
  • the pressure value is increased by controlling the air pump.
  • the pre-pressure value is firstly higher than the set value of 10 kPa in the boosting phase, and then the pressure value is finely adjusted during the step-down process by adjusting the duty ratio of the solenoid valve.
  • the rate is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the solenoid valve.
  • the MCU records the pressure value in real time with 10ms as the control cycle and measurement cycle, and in the data recursive manner, each time a new data is added, an old data is deleted, and the data record of the array is updated.
  • the pressure data value in the array is always the pressure value of the last 6 points.
  • the pressure relief valve is actuated, the pressure continues to decrease.
  • Slow output pressure if the pressure of the monitoring pressure release valve becomes larger, complete a detection process, open the solenoid valve of the inspection end, and the gas path of the pressure release valve directly communicates with the atmosphere, and simultaneously uploads the opening pressure value and the return pressure value.
  • the preload control is first performed. After the pressure value reaches the set value, the preload control is stopped. After the set time, the initial pressure value is recorded, and then the end pressure value after a period of time is recorded, and the air leak rate of the detected end is measured by the pressure leak rate.
  • the air tightness detection process of the pressure relief valve is shown in Figure 5 above. Open the air pump, pre-press the intake solenoid valve, close the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve, open the pressure control solenoid valve, close the exhaust solenoid valve to be inspected, and measure the pressure value of the pre-pressed end and the tested end through the digital module.
  • the pressure value is higher than the pressure set value lOkPa, close the air pump and pre-press the intake solenoid valve.
  • the pressure is adjusted by pre-pressing the exhaust solenoid valve to bring the pressure value close to the pressure set point.
  • the stop control command is received, the control pressure is stopped.
  • the change in the pressure value of the digital module reflects the tightness of the air circuit.
  • the communication function includes the communication between the lower computer and the upper computer, the communication between the lower computer and the FPGA, and the communication between the lower computer and the digital module.
  • the communication between the lower computer and the upper computer is realized through the RS232 interface, and the communication between the lower computer and the FPGA is realized.
  • the communication between the lower computer and the digital module is realized through the RS232 interface.
  • a calibration device for a pressure relief valve of a transformer comprising a mechanical part and a control system, wherein the mechanical part comprises a gas pump, a pre-pressed intake solenoid valve, a pre-pressure end gas volume and a pressure control electromagnetic Wide, the pressure relief valve to be verified is connected to the pressure control solenoid valve, and the pressure control solenoid valve is connected to the preload air intake solenoid valve through the preload end air capacity, and the preload air intake solenoid valve is connected to the air pump.
  • the mechanical part comprises a gas pump, a pre-pressed intake solenoid valve, a pre-pressure end gas volume and a pressure control electromagnetic Wide
  • the pressure relief valve to be verified is connected to the pressure control solenoid valve
  • the pressure control solenoid valve is connected to the preload air intake solenoid valve through the preload end air capacity
  • the preload air intake solenoid valve is connected to the air pump.
  • the pre-pressure end gas volume is connected to the pre-pressure end pressure sensor.
  • the pre-pressure end gas volume is connected to the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve.
  • the pressure relief valve to be verified is connected to the exhaust gas solenoid to be inspected.
  • the components of the mechanical portion are connected by a common interface.
  • the control system is composed of four parts, the first part is the calibration module, the second part is the pressure release valve detection module, the third part is the air tightness detection module, the fourth part is the communication module, and the four modules are respectively the lower position machine.
  • the program is connected.
  • the calibration module is preload calibration and digital module calibration.
  • the pressure release valve detection module is divided into three parts: preload control, pressure control, and reading action pressure value.
  • the air tightness detecting module is divided into two parts: pressure control and pressure value uploading.
  • the communication module is divided into two parts: 232 communication and SPI communication.
  • the modules of the described control system are mature technologies and can be purchased directly in the market.
  • the calibration device is verified by the quasi-static pressure process test and the gas controllable pressure rate output, so as to achieve the same verification purpose as the laboratory calibration device, and the gas storage pressure is small (the gas storage pressure is less than 300 kPa),
  • the miniature pressure pump builds the gas storage and the quick solenoid valve control output, making the power much smaller than the laboratory calibration device. It can easily realize on-site calibration (the whole set of device quality is less than 10kg), which has a good effect on the rapid diagnosis and action performance judgment of the pressure relief valve.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of pre-compaction calibration
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of the air tightness detection structure
  • Figure 6 shows the block diagram of the communication function
  • FIG. 8 The flow control main program function running process
  • Figure 9 receives the detected preload value setting communication event driving process
  • Figure 10 Receive the detected preload value setting main program function operation flow. detailed description
  • a specific embodiment of a pressure relief valve verification device of the present invention is provided below.
  • a pressure relief valve verification device includes a gas pump, a pre-pressure intake solenoid valve, a pre-pressure end gas volume, a pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve, a pre-pressure end pressure sensor, and a pre-pressure control.
  • Solenoid valve, PC machine, the pressure release valve to be verified is connected to the pressure control solenoid valve through a universal interface, and the pressure control solenoid valve is connected to the preload air intake solenoid valve through the preload end air capacity, and the preload air intake solenoid valve passes
  • the air pump is connected to the control unit of the PC.
  • the pre-pressure end gas volume is connected to the pre-pressure end pressure sensor.
  • the pre-pressure end gas volume is connected to the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve.
  • the pressure relief valve to be verified is connected to the exhaust gas solenoid to be inspected.
  • the pressure relief valve to be verified is connected to the control unit of the PC through a digital module.
  • a method for verifying a pressure relief valve of a transformer the specific step of which is
  • the pre-pressure calibration function measures the pressure value through the pre-pressure end pressure sensor. Before the pressure value measurement, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measured value, the pressure value needs to be calibrated.
  • the process block diagram is as shown in Figure 3;
  • the exhaust solenoid valve, the pressure control solenoid valve and the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve allow the pre-pressure end pressure sensor to directly communicate with the outside atmosphere. After a period of time has elapsed, record the AD code of the pre-pressurized sensor as the AD code at zero calibration. Then perform full scale calibration. Open the air pump, pre-press the intake solenoid valve, close the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve, open the pressure control solenoid valve, and close the exhaust solenoid valve to be inspected.
  • the pressure value is measured by the digital module. When the pressure value reaches l lOkPa, the air pump and the pre-pressure intake solenoid valve are closed; the pressure value is adjusted by the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve, and when the pressure value is stabilized at 100 kPa, the pre-pressure end sensor is
  • the AD code is recorded as the AD code at the time of full-scale calibration. The pressure value is calculated based on the current AD code, the zero AD code, and the AD code at 100 kPa. Get the current pressure value.
  • Digital module calibration includes zero calibration and full calibration, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the digital modules are factory calibrated with a standard pressure source. During use, if the pressure value needs to be recalibrated, the digital module can be directly connected to the standard pressure source for calibration. When calibrating, first connect the digital module to the atmosphere, and then send a zero calibration command to the digital module after stabilization. After the digital module finishes processing the zero calibration command, the microcontroller automatically sends a pressure value command to the digital module, and the digital module returns the current pressure value. Adjust the pressure value of the standard pressure source to 0. 25MPa, and send a full-scale calibration command to the digital module after stabilization.
  • the MCU After the digital module processes the full-range calibration command, the MCU automatically sends a pressure value command to the digital module, and the digital module returns the current one. Pressure value.
  • the digital module can restore the calibration parameters to the factory state by restoring factory settings.
  • the pressure value is automatically uploaded about 10 seconds after the execution of the factory command is resumed.
  • the MCU communicates with the digital module and ARM through the RS232 interface. According to the communication protocol, the ARM zero calibration command and the full calibration command are received, and the command is transmitted to the digital module according to the communication protocol of the digital module. After the digital module processes the zero calibration and the full-range calibration command, it will send the zero-point calibration and the full-frame calibration completion frame to the MCU. After receiving the calibration completion frame, the MCU sends the read pressure value command to the digital module according to the communication protocol. The pressure value read by the digital module is transmitted to the host computer through the single chip microcomputer. (2) Detection of pressure relief valve
  • the pressure measurement at the preloading end converts the pressure signal into a mv signal through a preload pressure sensor, and sends it to the AD7714 chip as a differential signal for AD conversion to convert the analog signal into a 24-bit digital signal.
  • the sensor signal is amplified inside the AD chip by configuring the control word with a magnification of 32.
  • the AD value is then converted to a pressure value by calculation.
  • the measurement of the AD signal adopts the interrupt mode. When the AD conversion is completed, an interrupt is applied to the microcontroller every 20 ms, and the microcontroller responds to the interrupt reading the AD code of the pressure value.
  • the AD chip and the microcontroller use the same clock source.
  • the pressure value is rapidly reduced and the lower pressure is reduced by controlling the duty ratio of the solenoid valve, and the pressure value is increased by the air pump.
  • the duty cycle of the solenoid valve is adjusted according to the pressure setting value to maintain the stability of the pressure value.
  • the duty ratio of the solenoid valve is large. As the pressure measurement value gets closer to the set value, the duty ratio of the solenoid valve is higher. The smaller it is.
  • the solenoid valve closes.
  • the pressure value is increased by controlling the air pump.
  • the pre-pressure value is firstly higher than the set value of 10 kPa in the boosting phase, and then the pressure value is finely adjusted during the step-down process by adjusting the duty ratio of the solenoid valve.
  • the rate is controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the solenoid valve.
  • the MCU records the pressure value in real time with 10ms as the control period and measurement period, and in the data recursive manner, each time a new data is added, an old data is deleted, and the data record of the array is updated.
  • the pressure data value in the array is always the pressure value of the last 6 points.
  • the pressure relief valve is actuated, the pressure continues to decrease. At this time, the pressure is slowly outputted. If the pressure of the pressure relief valve is increased, a detection process is completed, and the solenoid valve of the inspection end is opened, and the gas passage of the pressure relief valve is directly connected to the atmosphere. Simultaneously upload the opening pressure value and the return pressure value.
  • the preload control is first performed. After the pressure value reaches the set value, the preload control is stopped. After the set time, the initial pressure value is recorded, and then the end pressure value after a period of time is recorded, and the air leak rate of the detected end is measured by the pressure leak rate.
  • the airtightness detecting process of the pressure release valve is as shown in FIG. Open the air pump, pre-press the intake solenoid valve, close the pre-pressure exhaust solenoid valve, open the pressure control solenoid valve, close the exhaust solenoid valve to be inspected, and measure the pressure value of the pre-pressed end and the tested end through the digital module.
  • the pressure value is higher than the pressure set value lOkPa
  • the air pump and the pre-pressure intake solenoid valve are closed.
  • the pressure is adjusted by pre-pressing the exhaust solenoid valve to bring the pressure value close to the pressure set point.
  • the stop control command is received, the control pressure is stopped.
  • the change in the pressure value of the digital module reflects the tightness of the air circuit.
  • the communication function includes the communication between the lower computer and the upper computer, the communication between the lower computer and the FPGA, and the communication between the lower computer and the digital module.
  • the communication between the lower computer and the upper computer is realized through the RS232 interface, and the communication between the lower computer and the FPGA is realized.
  • the communication between the lower computer and the digital module is realized through the RS232 interface.
  • the rate control communication event driven process is shown in Figure 7.
  • the device repeatability test is to verify the consistency of the device's multiple measurements and is the basic metrology of the device.
  • the measurement method is to perform multiple measurements on a stable same object to be measured, and the results conform to the design specifications.
  • the device performs 15 separate measurements on two different pressure relief valves of different values. The results are shown in Tables 8 and 9 (unit: kPa). After testing, it was verified that the repeatability of the device met the design requirements.
  • the device stability test is to verify the long-term consistency of the device measurements and is the basic metering feature of the device.
  • the measurement method is to perform multiple measurements on a stable same object under test for a period of time, and the results conform to the design specifications.
  • the device performs five separate measurements on two different pressure relief valves of different values within two months. The results are as follows. After testing, the stability of the device is verified to meet the design requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé d'inspection pour une soupape de décharge d'un transformateur. Le procédé d'inspection comprend les étapes spécifiques suivantes : (1) l'étalonnage, divisé en étalonnage de pressostat et étalonnage de module numérique ; (2) détection d'une soupape de décharge, la détection étant divisée en une commande de pressostat et une commande de pression ; (3) détection de l'étanchéité à l'air : ouverture d'une pompe à air et électrovanne d'admission d'air de pressostat, fermeture d'une électrovanne d'évacuation d'air de pressostat, ouverture d'une électrovanne de commande de pression, fermeture d'une électrovanne d'évacuation d'air en cours de détection et mesure des valeurs de pression d'une extrémité de pressostat et d'une extrémité en cours de détection par le biais d'un module numérique ; lorsque la valeur de pression est supérieure à une valeur de pression (10 kPa) définie, fermeture de la pompe à air et de l'électrovanne d'admission d'air de pressostat ; réglage de la pression par le biais de l'électrovanne d'évacuation d'air de pressostat, de manière à permettre à la valeur de pression d'être proche de la valeur de pression définie ; et après réception d'une instruction d'arrêt de la commande, arrêt de la commande de la pression ; puis (4) mise en œuvre d'une fonction de communication. Le dispositif et le procédé d'inspection peuvent réaliser une inspection sur site et disposer de bonnes fonctions pour diagnostiquer rapidement une défaillance et évaluer les performances de mouvement de la soupape de décharge.
PCT/CN2013/086548 2013-03-30 2013-11-05 Dispositif et procédé d'inspection pour soupape de décharge de transformateur WO2014161303A1 (fr)

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CN201310108980.2A CN103278312B (zh) 2013-03-30 2013-03-30 一种用于变压器的压力释放阀的校验方法及装置
CN201310108980.2 2013-03-30

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CN105806606A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-27 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种压力释放阀校准系统
CN105785263B (zh) * 2016-03-31 2018-07-31 北京康斯特仪表科技股份有限公司 变速率逼近检测压力开关切换值的方法及装置
CN110057489B (zh) * 2019-05-07 2021-04-27 北京中瑞和电气有限公司 一种基于瞬态油压特征的电力变压器在线监测装置及方法
CN112213096A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-12 山东电工电气集团智能电气有限公司 一种适用于多种型号压力释放阀的试压方法
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CN203132763U (zh) * 2013-03-30 2013-08-14 国家电网公司 一种压力释放阀校验装置
CN103278312A (zh) * 2013-03-30 2013-09-04 国家电网公司 一种用于变压器的压力释放阀的校验方法及装置
CN203224329U (zh) * 2013-03-30 2013-10-02 国家电网公司 一种用于压力释放阀的快捷校验器

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