WO2014157277A1 - 原動機の異常検出方法、この方法を実行する原動機の制御装置、及びこの装置を備えている発電プラント - Google Patents

原動機の異常検出方法、この方法を実行する原動機の制御装置、及びこの装置を備えている発電プラント Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014157277A1
WO2014157277A1 PCT/JP2014/058419 JP2014058419W WO2014157277A1 WO 2014157277 A1 WO2014157277 A1 WO 2014157277A1 JP 2014058419 W JP2014058419 W JP 2014058419W WO 2014157277 A1 WO2014157277 A1 WO 2014157277A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
output
fluctuation
prime mover
rotational speed
generator
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2014/058419
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
淳 笹原
洋介 北内
陽介 恵藤
丈尾 平崎
井内　秀樹
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Mitsubishi Power Ltd
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Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd
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Priority to CN201480005480.9A priority Critical patent/CN104937218B/zh
Priority to KR1020157020718A priority patent/KR101716599B1/ko
Publication of WO2014157277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014157277A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/05—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/304—Spool rotational speed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an abnormality detection method for a prime mover mechanically connected to a generator, a control device for the prime mover that executes the method, and a power plant including the control device.
  • the prime mover mechanically connected to the generator includes a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a windmill, and the like. If a sudden output change of these prime movers, that is, fluctuations can be detected, safe operation of the prime mover can be realized.
  • Patent Document 1 an output change amount or an output change rate that is a difference between the current output of the prime mover or the generator and the output of the prime mover or the generator before a predetermined time is obtained, and these values and the reference value are obtained.
  • the output of the generator and the output of a prime mover such as a gas turbine or a steam turbine are basically equal. For this reason, if one output can be detected among a motor
  • the conventional technique has a problem that when the power system fluctuates, it may be erroneously detected that the prime mover is abnormal.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a prime mover abnormality detection method capable of reducing erroneous detection of a prime mover abnormality, a prime mover control apparatus that executes these methods, and a power plant including the apparatus. To do.
  • An abnormality detection method for a prime mover as one aspect according to the invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
  • the prime mover depends on whether or not the fluctuation range of the output of the generator detected by the output meter is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range.
  • An abnormality determination step for determining whether or not is abnormal, the allowable output fluctuation range that is a determination criterion in the abnormality determination step, and the output meter that is detected in the abnormality determination step
  • a correction step of correcting one of the outputs using one of the generator and the prime mover detected by a tachometer is a tachometer.
  • the abnormality detection method it is possible to reduce false detection of a motor abnormality when the power system fluctuates.
  • the rotation speed fluctuation calculation step for obtaining the rotation speed fluctuation width of the rotation speed using the one rotation speed, and the rotation speed fluctuation width is large. Accordingly, an allowable fluctuation range correction step of correcting the allowable output fluctuation range so that the allowable output fluctuation range is increased, and in the abnormality determination step, the output of the output detected by the output meter is performed. Whether or not the prime mover is abnormal may be determined according to whether or not the fluctuation range is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range corrected in the correction step.
  • the allowable output fluctuation range increases as the rotational speed fluctuation range increases. For this reason, in this abnormality detection method, even if the output of the generator fluctuates due to fluctuations in the number of revolutions of the generator accompanying fluctuations in the power system, the allowable output fluctuation range increases, so that erroneous detection of motor abnormality is reduced. can do.
  • the prime mover abnormality detection method for executing the permissible fluctuation range correction step in the rotation speed fluctuation range calculation step, when the rotation speed is lower than a rated rotation speed, the prime mover and the power generation
  • An upper reference rotational speed calculation step for obtaining a reference rotational speed which is a rotational speed obtained using a rotational speed reduction rate allowed when the machine is operating normally, and when the rotational speed is equal to or lower than a rated rotational speed
  • the lower reference rotational speed which is the rotational speed obtained using the rotational speed increase rate allowed when the prime mover and the generator are in normal operation when increased, the same as the upper reference rotational speed
  • any of the prime mover abnormality detection methods for executing the allowable fluctuation range correction step in the abnormality determination step, a difference between the output detected by the output meter and a reference output with respect to the output is calculated. You may perform the output fluctuation
  • the one rotational speed, a rotational speed change rate that is a change rate per unit time of the rotational speed, the prime mover, and the power generation Using the moment of inertia of the rotating system in the machine, the apparent output fluctuation of the prime mover is obtained, and the value obtained by subtracting the apparent output fluctuation from the output of the generator detected by the output meter is corrected.
  • the abnormality determination step whether or not the prime mover is abnormal depending on whether or not the fluctuation range of the output corrected in the correction step is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range. May be judged.
  • the output fluctuation of the generator in this case becomes an apparent output fluctuation for the prime mover. Therefore, in the abnormality detection method, the apparent output fluctuation of the prime mover is obtained using the rotational speed, etc., and the apparent output fluctuation is subtracted from the output detected by the output meter, and the output detected by the output meter is detected. The fluctuations in output due to fluctuations in the power system are excluded.
  • an output from the output meter with respect to an output from the speed meter from the output outputted from the output meter in the correction step, an output from the output meter with respect to an output from the speed meter from the output outputted from the output meter.
  • the apparent output fluctuation delayed by the delay time may be subtracted.
  • the output time from the tachometer at a certain time was found to be delayed in the output time of the generator output at the same time.
  • a reference for the output corrected in the correction step and the output detected by the output meter You may perform the output fluctuation
  • the output fluctuation calculation step may include an output change rate allowed when the prime mover and the generator are in normal operation.
  • a reference output which is an output obtained by using the reference output may be used as the reference output.
  • a control apparatus for a prime mover as one aspect according to the invention for solving the above problems is as follows: In the control device of the prime mover mechanically connected to the generator, the prime mover depends on whether or not the fluctuation range of the output of the generator detected by the output meter is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range.
  • An abnormality determination unit that determines whether or not there is an abnormality, the allowable output fluctuation range that is a determination criterion in the abnormality determination unit, and the output that is detected by the output meter that is a determination target in the abnormality determination unit;
  • a correction unit that corrects one of the generator and the prime mover detected by a tachometer, and the abnormality determination unit determines that the prime mover is abnormal. Then, a trip signal output unit is provided that outputs a trip signal to an operation unit capable of tripping the prime mover and trips the prime mover.
  • control device similarly to the above-described abnormality detection method, it is possible to reduce erroneous detection of a motor abnormality when the power system fluctuates. As a result, the control device can reduce the number of erroneous trips of the prime mover.
  • the correction unit uses a rotation speed variation calculation unit that calculates a rotation speed fluctuation range of the rotation speed using the one rotation speed, and the rotation speed fluctuation width increases. Accordingly, an allowable fluctuation range correction unit that corrects the allowable output fluctuation range so that the allowable output fluctuation range increases, and the abnormality determination unit includes the fluctuation range of the output detected by the output meter. It may be determined whether or not the prime mover is abnormal depending on whether or not is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range corrected by the correction unit.
  • the rotation speed fluctuation range calculation unit is configured such that when the rotation number is lower than a rated rotation number, the prime mover and the generator are An upper reference speed calculation unit for obtaining a reference rotational speed, which is a rotational speed obtained using a rotational speed reduction rate allowed during normal operation, and increased when the rotational speed is equal to or lower than the rated rotational speed
  • a lower reference rotational speed that is a rotational speed obtained using a rotational speed increase rate allowed when the prime mover and the generator are in normal operation, and at the same time as the upper reference rotational speed
  • the abnormality determination unit may calculate a difference between the output detected by the output meter and a reference output with respect to the output.
  • An output fluctuation calculation unit may be included.
  • the correction unit includes the one rotational speed, a rotational speed change rate that is a change rate per unit time of the rotational speed, the prime mover, and the generator.
  • an apparent output fluctuation calculating unit for obtaining an apparent output fluctuation of the prime mover, and subtracting the apparent output fluctuation from the output of the generator detected by the output meter
  • An output calculation unit that outputs the corrected value, and the abnormality determination unit determines whether or not the fluctuation range of the output corrected by the correction unit is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range. In response, it may be determined whether the prime mover is abnormal.
  • the correction unit outputs the apparent output fluctuation input to the output calculation unit from the output meter with respect to an output from the speed meter.
  • the abnormality determination unit may calculate the output corrected by the correction unit and a reference output for the output detected by the output meter. You may have the output fluctuation
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit uses an output change rate allowed when the prime mover and the generator are operating normally.
  • a reference output that is a required output may be used as the reference output.
  • the power plant as one aspect according to the invention for solving the above problems is Any one of the control devices described above, the prime mover, the generator, and the operation unit are provided.
  • the power plant includes a gas turbine 10 as a prime mover, a generator 20 that generates power by driving the gas turbine 10, and a control device 100.
  • the gas turbine 10 includes an air compressor 11 that generates compressed air by compressing the atmosphere, a combustor 13 that generates high-temperature combustion gas by burning fuel in the compressed air, a turbine 14 that is driven by the combustion gas, It has.
  • the rotor 15 of the turbine 14 and the rotor 21 of the generator 20 are mechanically connected. For this reason, when the rotor 15 of the turbine 14 rotates, the rotor 21 of the generator 20 also rotates.
  • the rotor 15 of the turbine 14 or the rotor 21 of the generator 20 is provided with a rotational speed meter 25 that detects the rotational speed of one of the rotors 15 and 21.
  • a fuel line 16 that supplies fuel to the combustor 13 is connected to the combustor 13.
  • a fuel cutoff valve 17 is provided in the fuel line 16.
  • the generator 20 and the power system 29 are electrically connected by a power line 22.
  • the power line 22 is provided with a circuit breaker 23, a transformer 24, and an output meter 26 that detects the output of the generator 20.
  • the control device 100 includes an abnormality determination unit 160 that determines whether or not the gas turbine 10 is abnormal depending on whether or not the fluctuation range of the output detected by the output meter 26 is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range.
  • the correction unit 150 that corrects the allowable output fluctuation range using the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed meter 25 and the abnormality determination unit 160 determine that there is an abnormality
  • the fuel cutoff valve 17 and the circuit breaker 23 that are operation units.
  • a trip signal output unit 170 for outputting a trip signal.
  • the fuel shut-off valve 17, which is one of the operation parts closes when receiving this trip signal, and the fuel supply to the combustor 13 stops.
  • the circuit breaker 23 which is another one of the operation parts is opened when this trip signal is received, and the electrical connection between the generator 20 and the power system 29 is cut off.
  • the abnormality determination unit 160 of the control device 100 includes an output fluctuation calculation unit 167 that obtains the fluctuation range ⁇ Pg of the output from the output meter 26, and an allowable width that determines whether the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation width ⁇ Ps. And a determination unit 163 and a non-allowable time determination unit 166 for determining whether or not the time during which the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output variation range ⁇ Ps is a predetermined time or more. .
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit 167 is a reference output generator 161 that outputs the reference output Pr based on the output from the output meter 26, and the output fluctuation that is the difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26. And a subtractor 162 for obtaining the width ⁇ Pg.
  • the reference output Pr is an output at the current time tb that is obtained based on an output change rate that is allowed when the gas turbine 10 and the generator 20 are operating normally.
  • the reference output generator 161 outputs an increase reference output Pri (Pr) when the output increases and a decrease reference output Prd (Pr) when the output decreases.
  • the subtracter 162 is an increase output fluctuation width ⁇ Pi ( ⁇ Pg) that is a difference between the output Pg of the generator 20 and the reference output Pri at the time of increase, and a difference between the output Pg of the generator 20 and the reference output Prd at the time of decrease.
  • a decrease output fluctuation width ⁇ Pd ( ⁇ Pg) is obtained.
  • the difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26 is defined as the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg with the reference output Pr as a reference, but the output of the generator 20 before a predetermined time is used.
  • the difference between the output of the generator 20 serving as the reference and the output of the current generator 20 may be set as the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg.
  • the allowable range determiner 163 includes an upper limit determiner 164 that determines whether the output variation range ⁇ Pg from the subtractor 162 exceeds the upper limit allowable variation range ⁇ Psi when the output increases, and a lower limit when the output decreases.
  • a lower limit determination unit 165 that determines whether or not the output variation range ⁇ Pg from the subtractor 162 exceeds the allowable variation range ⁇ Psd.
  • the allowable width determiner 164 outputs an abnormal signal indicating that an abnormal state is present.
  • the upper limit determination unit 164 outputs an abnormal signal
  • the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg from the subtracter 162 is lower limit allowable. If the fluctuation range ⁇ Psd exceeds the negative side, the lower limit determination unit 165 outputs an abnormal signal.
  • the non-allowable time determination unit 166 includes a timer, and starts counting down by the timer when an abnormal signal is input from the allowable width determination unit 163.
  • Tp a predetermined time
  • the trip signal output unit 170 outputs a trip signal to the fuel cutoff valve 17 and the circuit breaker 23, which are operation units, when an abnormal signal from the non-allowable time determination unit 166 is input.
  • the correction unit 150 of the control device 100 includes a rotation speed fluctuation calculation unit 151 that calculates a fluctuation range of the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed meter 25, and an allowable output fluctuation according to the rotation speed fluctuation width.
  • a correction amount calculation unit 155 that calculates a correction amount of the width, and an allowable fluctuation range correction unit 156 that corrects the allowable output fluctuation range according to the correction amount.
  • the rotational speed fluctuation range calculation unit 151 includes an upper reference rotational speed calculator 152 for determining the current upper reference rotational speed, a lower reference rotational speed calculator 153 for determining the current lower reference rotational speed, and the upper reference rotational speed and the lower reference.
  • a subtractor (deviation calculator) 154 that outputs a difference from the rotational speed as a rotational speed fluctuation range.
  • the rotational speed allowed when the gas turbine 10 and the generator 20 are operating normally is the number of rotations obtained using the decrease rate.
  • the lower reference rotational speed Nrd is obtained using the rotational speed increase rate that is allowed when the gas turbine 10 and the generator 20 are operating normally when the rotational speed increases when the rotational speed is equal to or lower than the rated rotational speed.
  • the number of rotations The subtractor 154 obtains the difference between the current upper reference rotational speed Nru and the current lower reference rotational speed Nrd, and outputs this difference as the current rotational speed fluctuation range ⁇ Np.
  • the rated speed here is the speed determined by the frequency of the power system 29.
  • the current rotational speed fluctuation range ⁇ Np for example, a difference between the maximum rotational speed and the minimum rotational speed in a time period from a current time to a predetermined time in advance may be adopted.
  • the correction amount calculation unit 155 has a function F that converts the rotation speed fluctuation range into a correction amount.
  • This function F is a function that outputs a correction amount proportional to the magnitude of the rotational speed fluctuation range, for example, as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the correction amount calculation unit 155 outputs a larger correction amount in proportion to the input rotational speed fluctuation range when the magnitude of the rotation speed fluctuation range increases.
  • the allowable fluctuation range correction unit 156 includes an upper limit corrector 157 that adds a correction amount to the upper limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psi held by the upper limit determination unit 164 of the abnormality determination unit 160, and a lower limit determination unit 165. And a lower limit corrector 158 that subtracts the correction amount from the lower limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psd that is held. Therefore, as the magnitude of the rotational speed fluctuation range increases, the upper limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psi held by the upper limit determination unit 164 becomes larger, and the lower limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psd held by the lower limit determination unit 165 becomes negative. Becomes larger.
  • the allowable fluctuation range correction unit 156 of the control device 100 receives the rotational speed from the rotational speed meter 25 and, based on this rotational speed, the allowable output fluctuation range possessed by the allowable width determination unit 163 of the abnormality determination unit 160. Correction is performed (correction step (S1)).
  • this correction step (S1) first, the rotational speed fluctuation range calculation unit 151 obtains the rotational speed fluctuation range from the rotational speed meter 25 (rotational speed fluctuation range calculation step (S2)).
  • the correction amount calculation unit 155 obtains a correction amount proportional to the magnitude of the rotational speed fluctuation range
  • the allowable fluctuation range correction unit 156 has the allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Ps held by the allowable range determination unit 163 of the abnormality determination unit 160. Is corrected (allowable fluctuation range correction step (S3)).
  • the allowable fluctuation range correction unit 156 calculates the upper limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psi held by the upper limit determination unit 164 of the allowable range determination unit 163 in proportion to the magnitude of the rotational speed fluctuation range.
  • the lower limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psd held by the lower limit determination unit 165 of the allowable range determination unit 163 is increased to the negative side.
  • the abnormality determination unit 160 determines whether or not the gas turbine 10 is abnormal (abnormality determination step (S4)).
  • this abnormality determination step (S4) first, the reference output generator 161 receives the output from the output meter 26, and outputs the reference output Pr based on this output.
  • the subtractor 162 obtains an output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg that is the difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26 (output fluctuation range calculation step (S5)). Based on this output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg, it is determined whether or not each of the determiners 163 and 166 is abnormal (determination step (S6)).
  • the allowable width determining unit 163 receives the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg from the subtractor 162, and determines whether or not the output fluctuation range ⁇ P is outside the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps corrected by the correction unit 150. to decide. Then, when the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps, the allowable range determination unit 163 outputs an abnormal signal indicating an abnormal state. When this abnormal signal is output, the non-allowable time determination unit 166 determines whether or not the time during which the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation width ⁇ Ps is equal to or longer than the predetermined time Tp.
  • an abnormal signal is output to trip signal output section 170. That is, in this determination step (S6), if the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation width ⁇ Ps and this state continues for a predetermined time Tp, an abnormal signal is output to the trip signal output unit 170. On the other hand, if the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg is not outside the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps, or if the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg is outside the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps does not continue for the predetermined time Tp, the process returns to step 1. .
  • the trip signal output unit 170 outputs a trip signal to the operation unit as described above when the abnormality determination unit 160 outputs an abnormality signal (Yes in S6) (S7). As a result, the gas turbine 10 trips.
  • the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps is increased in proportion to the rotational speed fluctuation range ⁇ Np, and more specifically, the rotational speed fluctuation range ⁇ Np.
  • the upper limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psi is increased and the lower limit allowable fluctuation range ⁇ Psd is increased to the negative side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, even if the rotation speed of the generator 20 greatly fluctuates due to a large fluctuation of the power system 29 and the output of the generator 20 fluctuates greatly, the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg at this time is allowable. It falls within the range of the output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps, and the gas turbine 10 is not tripped.
  • the power plants of this embodiment and the following embodiments are all modified from the control device 100 of the first embodiment, and other configurations are the same as those of the power plant of the first embodiment. Accordingly, in the present embodiment and the following embodiments, the contents of change of the control device 100 of the first embodiment will be mainly described.
  • the control device 100a determines whether or not the gas turbine 10 is abnormal depending on whether or not the output fluctuation range is out of the allowable output fluctuation range.
  • amends the output detected by the output meter 26, and the trip signal output part 170 similar to 1st embodiment are provided.
  • the abnormality determination unit 160a includes an output variation calculation unit 167a that calculates a variation range ⁇ P of the output Pt from the correction unit 110, and an allowable range determination unit 163 and an allowable outside time determination unit 166 similar to those in the first embodiment. ing.
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit 167a obtains a reference output generator 161 that outputs the reference output Pr based on the output from the output meter 26, and an output fluctuation width ⁇ P that is a difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pt from the correction unit 110.
  • a subtractor 162a obtains a reference output generator 161 that outputs the reference output Pr based on the output from the output meter 26, and an output fluctuation width ⁇ P that is a difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pt from the correction unit 110.
  • the reference output generator 161 outputs an increase reference output Pri (Pr) when the output increases and a decrease reference output Prd (Pr) when the output decreases.
  • the subtractor 162a is an increase output fluctuation width ⁇ Pi that is a difference between the output Pt from the correction unit 110 and the increase reference output Pri, and a decrease that is a difference between the output Pt from the correction unit 110 and the decrease reference output Prd.
  • the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pd is obtained.
  • the difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pt from the correction unit 110 is defined as the output fluctuation range ⁇ P with the reference output Pr as a reference, but the output Pt from the correction unit 110 a predetermined time before is used as a reference.
  • the difference between the output from the correction unit 110 serving as the reference and the output from the current correction unit 110 may be used as the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg.
  • the allowable width determiner 163 and the non-allowable time determiner 166 are the same as those in the first embodiment as described above.
  • the correction unit 110 of the control device 100a is obtained by the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111 that obtains the apparent output fluctuation of the gas turbine 10 and the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111 by using the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed meter 25. And an output calculation unit 118 that obtains the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 using the apparent output fluctuation of the gas turbine 10 and the output Pg of the generator 20 detected by the output meter 26. That is, the correction unit 110 corrects the output Pg of the generator 20 detected by the output meter 26, and outputs the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 as the corrected output.
  • the output calculator 118 calculates a deviation between the output Pg of the generator 20 detected by the output meter 26 and the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 obtained by the apparent output fluctuation calculator 111. It is.
  • the inertia moment I in Formula (2) is the inertia moment of the rotating system in the gas turbine 10 and the generator 20.
  • this moment of inertia I is the moment of inertia of the rotor 12 of the air compressor 11, the rotor 15 of the turbine 14, and the rotor 21 of the generator 20 in the gas turbine 10.
  • the only variation parameter with time change is the rotation speed N, and the other parameters are fixed values. For this reason, the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 represented by the equation (2) can be obtained by detecting the rotational speed N.
  • the output fluctuation of the generator 20 due to the fluctuation of the electric power system 29 is as follows: the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 shown in the above equation (2) with respect to the net output Pt of the gas turbine 10. Become. Therefore, even when the power system 29 fluctuates, as shown in the equation (1), the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 is subtracted from the output Pg of the generator 20 detected by the output meter 26. The net output Pt of the gas turbine 10 can be obtained.
  • the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 is substantially “0”. Therefore, in this case, as can be understood from the equation (1), the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 and the output Pg of the generator 20 are substantially equal.
  • the cause of the delay time Td is not clearly understood, but it is considered that the output meter hardware is caused by the delay time.
  • the output meter basically includes an ammeter, a voltmeter, and a calculator that multiplies the current value detected by the ammeter and the voltage value detected by the voltmeter.
  • the phase of the output detected by the output meter is considered to be delayed with respect to the theoretical output phase.
  • the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 in the equation (1) is the rotational speed as described above using the equation (2). Required if detected. For this reason, the phase of the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p obtained from the rotational speed substantially matches the phase of the theoretical output fluctuation, and is not substantially delayed from the theoretical output fluctuation.
  • the phase of the output Pg of the generator 20 in the equation (1) is detected by the output meter 26, the phase of the output Pg of the generator 20 is a delay time Td minutes from the theoretical output phase. Running late.
  • the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 is obtained by subtracting the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p whose phase is not delayed from the output Pg of the generator 20 whose phase is delayed by the delay time Td.
  • the delay time Td is a relatively short time, there is not much problem, but if the delay time Td is a relatively long time, a large error is included in the required output Pt of the gas turbine 10.
  • the delay time Td is 1 ⁇ 2 of the fluctuation cycle T of the rotational speed
  • the positive peak value of the output fluctuation must be subtracted from the positive peak value of the output.
  • the negative peak value of the output fluctuation is subtracted from the peak value, and the fluctuation of the output of the gas turbine 10 becomes extremely larger than the apparent fluctuation.
  • the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111 of the present embodiment calculates the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 in which the delay time Td is adjusted from the rotational speed N detected by the rotational speed meter 25 based on the above knowledge.
  • the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111 according to the present embodiment uses the rotational speed N detected by the rotational speed meter 25 and does not consider the delay time Td.
  • An output fluctuation calculating unit 120 for obtaining the above output fluctuation and a delay time adjusting unit 112 for delaying the apparent output fluctuation by a predetermined delay time Td are provided.
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit 120 includes a rotation speed change rate calculation unit 130 that obtains a rotation speed change rate (dN / dt) using two rotation speeds sampled at different sampling times, and the gas turbine 10 and the generator 20
  • An inertia moment generator 121 that outputs the inertia moment I of the rotating system
  • a constant generator 122 that outputs the constant [ ⁇ (2 ⁇ / 60) 2] in the equation (2)
  • a plurality of multipliers 123 and 124. , 125 are examples of multipliers 123 and 124. , 125.
  • the multipliers 123, 124, and 125 include a first multiplier 123 that multiplies the moment of inertia I and a constant [ ⁇ (2 ⁇ / 60) 2], and an output [ ⁇ I ⁇ (2 ⁇ / 60] from the first multiplier 123. ) 2] multiplied by the rotation rate change rate (dN / dt), and the output [ ⁇ I ⁇ (2 ⁇ / 60) 2 ⁇ dN / dt] from the second multiplier 124 is set to the rotation number N.
  • the rotational speed change rate calculation unit 130 outputs a rotational speed from the rotational speed meter 25 by delaying the rotational speed by a predetermined time Ts, and a difference between the rotational speed from the rotational speed meter 25 and the rotational speed from the delay device 133.
  • the correction unit 110 of the control device 100a receives the rotational speed N from the rotational speed meter 25 and the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26, corrects the output Pg, and outputs the output Pt of the gas turbine 10. (Correction process (S10)).
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit 120 of the correction unit 110 obtains an apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 (apparent output fluctuation calculation step (S12)).
  • the rotation speed change rate calculation unit 130 of the output fluctuation calculation unit 120 obtains the rotation speed change rate by the method described above.
  • the output fluctuation calculation unit 120 obtains an apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 using the rotation speed change rate, the rotation speed, the inertia moment of the rotation system, and the like according to the equation (2).
  • the delay time adjusting unit 112 adjusts the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 obtained by the output fluctuation calculating unit 120 to the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p before the delay time Td.
  • the delay time adjustment unit 112 is a delay unit, and the delay time adjustment unit 112 delays the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 obtained by the output fluctuation calculation unit 120 by the delay time Td before output. To do.
  • the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p output from the delay time adjusting unit 112 is an apparent output fluctuation considering the delay time Td of the output meter 26.
  • the apparent output fluctuation calculating step (S11) is a step in which the apparent output fluctuation calculating step (S12) and the delay time adjusting step (S13) are combined to obtain an apparent output fluctuation considering the delay time Td of the output meter 26. Is made.
  • the output calculation unit 118 further determines the apparent output of the gas turbine 10 obtained by the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111 from the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26 according to the equation (1). Is subtracted to obtain the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 (output calculation step (S14)).
  • the output Pg of the generator 20 from the output meter 26 is an output substantially delayed from the current time by the delay time Td, but the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 from the apparent power fluctuation calculation unit 111 is also from the current time. This is an apparent output fluctuation substantially delayed by the delay time Td.
  • the output calculation unit 118 can obtain an accurate output of the gas turbine 10.
  • the abnormality determination unit 160a determines whether or not the gas turbine 10 is abnormal (abnormality determination step (S4a)).
  • the reference output generator 161 receives the output from the output meter 26, and outputs the reference output Pr based on this output.
  • the subtractor 162a obtains an output fluctuation range ⁇ P that is a difference between the reference output Pr and the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 from the correction unit 110 (output fluctuation range calculation step (S5a)). Based on this output fluctuation range ⁇ P, it is determined whether or not each of the determiners 163 and 166 is abnormal (determination step (S6a)).
  • the allowable width determiner 163 receives the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg from the subtractor 162a, and determines whether or not the output fluctuation width ⁇ P is outside the predetermined allowable output fluctuation width ⁇ Ps. . Then, when the output fluctuation range ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation range ⁇ Ps, the allowable range determination unit 163 outputs an abnormal signal indicating an abnormal state. When this abnormal signal is output, the non-allowable time determination unit 166 determines whether or not the time during which the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pg is outside the range of the allowable output fluctuation width ⁇ Ps is equal to or longer than the predetermined time Tp. If it is equal to or longer than time Tp, an abnormal signal is output to trip signal output section 170.
  • the trip signal output unit 170 outputs a trip signal to the operation unit as described above when the abnormality determination unit 160a outputs an abnormality signal (Yes in S6a) (S7). .
  • the gas turbine 10 trips.
  • the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 starts to decrease relatively rapidly from time ta.
  • the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 shown in FIG. 12 is a net output that does not include the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10.
  • a decrease output fluctuation width ⁇ Pd ( ⁇ P) that is a difference between the decrease reference output Prd (Pr) and the output Pt of the gas turbine 10 occurs.
  • the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pd at the time of decrease gradually increases toward the negative side.
  • the lower limit determiner 165 When the output fluctuation width ⁇ Pd at the time of decrease exceeds the lower limit allowable fluctuation width ⁇ Psd ( ⁇ Ps) determined in advance at time tb, the lower limit determiner 165 outputs an abnormal signal to the non-allowable time determiner 166. To do. When the input of the abnormal signal continues for the predetermined time Tp, the non-allowable time determination unit 166 outputs an abnormal signal to the trip signal output unit 170 at time tc after the predetermined time Tp from time tb. As a result, the trip signal output unit 170 outputs a trip signal to the operation unit as described above, and the gas turbine 10 trips.
  • the accurate gas turbine 10 is output from the output of the generator 20. Can be obtained.
  • the control device 100b of this embodiment is obtained by changing the rotation speed change rate calculation unit 130 in the control device 100a of the second embodiment, and other configurations are basically the same as those of the control device 100a of the second embodiment. . Therefore, in the following, this change will be mainly described.
  • the first rotation speed N1 output from the rotation speed meter 25 at the first time t1 and the second time before the predetermined time Ts from the first time t1.
  • a first rotation speed change amount ⁇ N1 that is the difference between the both rotation speeds N1 and N2 is obtained.
  • the difference between the rotational speeds N3 and N1 is calculated using the third rotational speed N3 and the first rotational speed N1 output from the rotational speed meter 25 at the third time t3 after a predetermined time Ts from the first time t1.
  • the second rotation speed change amount ⁇ N2 is obtained.
  • an average change amount ⁇ Na which is an average value of the first rotation speed change amount ⁇ N1 and the second rotation speed change amount ⁇ N2 is obtained.
  • the average change amount ⁇ Na is divided by the predetermined time Ts, and this value is set as the rotation speed change rate at the first time t1.
  • the first average rotational speed change rate between the first time t1 and the second time t2 and the second average rotational speed change rate between the first time t1 and the third time t3, Is the rotation speed change rate at the first time t1.
  • the predetermined time Ts between the first time t1 and the second time t2 and the predetermined time Ts between the first time t1 and the third time t3 are times less than the expected delay time Td.
  • the output calculation unit 118 subtracts the apparent output fluctuation obtained using the rotation speed change rate at the first time t1 is the output of the generator 20 at the first time t1.
  • the output of the generator 20 at the first time t1 is a time that is a future time by the predetermined time Ts with respect to the first time t1 because the predetermined time Ts is equal to or less than the expected delay time Td. It is an output that is output from the output meter 26 at a future time further than the time t3, that is, at a future fourth time t4 by a delay time Td from the first time t1.
  • the third time t3 is a past time. For this reason, when the output calculation unit 118 obtains the output of the gas turbine 10 at the first time t1, the third time t3 is a past time with respect to the fourth time t4. On the other hand, the third rotation speed N3 at the third time t3, which is a future time, can be obtained.
  • the rotation speed change rate calculation unit 130b of the present embodiment obtains the rotation speed change rate by the above method. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the rotational speed change rate calculation unit 130 b includes a constant generator 131 that outputs a constant “2”, a time generator 132 that outputs a predetermined time Ts, and a rotational speed meter 25.
  • a first delay unit 133 that outputs the rotation number from the first delay unit 133 after being delayed by a predetermined time Ts, a first subtractor 134 that obtains a difference between the rotation number from the rotation meter 25 and the rotation number from the first delay unit 133, A second delay unit 135 that outputs the number of rotations from the first delay unit 133 with a delay of a predetermined time Ts, and a second to obtain a difference between the number of rotations from the first delay unit 133 and the number of rotations from the second delay unit 135.
  • a subtractor 136 an adder 137 that adds the output from the second subtractor 136 to the output from the first subtractor 134; and a first division that divides the output from the adder 137 by “2” from the constant generator 131. From the first divider 138 Having a second divider 139 dividing the force at a predetermined time Ts from the time generator 132, a.
  • the rotation speed change rate calculation unit 130b outputs the third rotation speed N3 at the above-described third time t3 from the rotation speed meter 25.
  • the first delay unit 133 outputs the first rotational speed N1 at the first time t1 before the predetermined time Ts from the third time t3.
  • the first subtracter 134 outputs a second rotational speed change amount ⁇ N2 that is a difference between the first rotational speed N1 and the third rotational speed N3.
  • the second delay unit 135 outputs the second rotational speed N2 at the second time t2 that is a predetermined time Ts before the first time t1.
  • the second subtracter 136 is a first rotational speed change amount ⁇ N1 that is a difference between the first rotational speed N1 that is the output from the first delayer 133 and the second rotational speed N2 that is the output from the second delayer 135. Is output.
  • the adder 137 and the first divider 138 obtain an average change amount ⁇ Na that is an average value of the first rotation speed change amount ⁇ N1 and the second rotation speed change amount ⁇ N2.
  • the second divider 139 divides the average change amount ⁇ Na by the predetermined time Ts and outputs the rotation speed change rate at the first time t1.
  • the average change amount ⁇ Na is divided by the predetermined time Ts to obtain the rotation speed change rate.
  • the first rotation speed change amount ⁇ N1 and the second rotation speed change amount are obtained.
  • the rate of change of these amounts of change may be obtained, and the average value of each rate of change may be used as the rate of change in the rotational speed at the first time t1.
  • the output operation unit 118 subtracts the apparent output fluctuation obtained by using the rotational speed change rate at the first time t1 at the first time t1.
  • the output of the generator 20 at the first time t1 is output from the output meter 26 at the future fourth time t4 by the delay time Td from the first time t1.
  • the rotational speed change rate at the first time t1 is obtained by using the rotational speed output from the rotational speed meter 25 at the future third time t3 by a predetermined time Ts from the first time t1. Therefore, the time at which the rotation speed change rate at the first time t1 is obtained is after the third time t3 in the future by the predetermined time Ts from the first time t1.
  • the time at which the output fluctuation calculating unit 120b outputs the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 at the first time t1 is also after the third time t3 in the future by the predetermined time Ts from the first time t1. . Therefore, the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p, which is the output from the output fluctuation calculation unit 120b, is already delayed by the predetermined time Ts, so this apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p can be obtained by simply delaying (Td ⁇ Ts). The difference in the delay time Td between the output fluctuation ⁇ p and the output of the generator 20 from the output meter 26 is eliminated.
  • the delay time adjusting unit 112b of the present embodiment delays the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p, which is an output from the output fluctuation calculating unit 120b, by (Td ⁇ Ts).
  • the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p delayed by (Td ⁇ Ts) by the delay time adjustment unit 112b is sent to the output calculation unit 118 of the correction unit 110b as the output of the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111b.
  • the output calculation unit 118 as in the second embodiment, the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p from the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 111b is subtracted from the output Pg from the output meter 26, and the subtraction result of the gas turbine 10 is obtained.
  • the net output is output to the abnormality determination unit 160a.
  • the rotational speed change rate is obtained from three times, a more accurate rotational speed change rate can be obtained.
  • the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 14, not only the average rotational speed change rate between this time t1 and the past time t2 but also the time t1 and the future time t3 with reference to the time t1.
  • the average value of the average rotational speed change rate is used as the average rotational speed change rate at time t1. For this reason, in the present embodiment, when the rotational speed at the time t1 at which the rotational speed change rate is obtained takes a maximum value or a minimum value, a more accurate rotational speed change rate can be obtained than in the second embodiment.
  • the control device 100c of the present embodiment is obtained by changing the position of the delay time adjusting unit 112 in the control device 100a of the second embodiment, and the other configurations are basically the same as those of the control device 100a of the second embodiment. . Therefore, in the following, this change will be mainly described.
  • the delay time adjustment unit 112 of the second embodiment is arranged between the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 120 and the output calculation unit 118.
  • the delay time adjustment unit 112 c of the present embodiment is disposed between the rotation speed meter 25 and the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 120.
  • the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed meter 25 is input to the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 120 after being delayed by the delay time adjustment unit 112c by the apparent time Td.
  • the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p of the gas turbine 10 obtained by the apparent output fluctuation calculating unit 120 is already delayed by the apparent time Td. Therefore, in this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the apparent output fluctuation ⁇ p from the apparent output fluctuation calculator 120 is input to the output calculator 118 without adjusting the delay time.
  • the delay time adjustment of the output fluctuation with respect to the delay of the output from the output meter 26 is adjusted to the apparent output fluctuation of the gas turbine 10 which is the output of the apparent output fluctuation calculating unit 120 as in the first embodiment. Even if it is performed, it may be performed with respect to the rotational speed that is an input value of the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 120 as in this embodiment. Therefore, also in the third embodiment, similarly to the present embodiment, the delay time adjusting unit may be arranged between the rotational speed meter 25 and the apparent output fluctuation calculating unit 120b. In the third embodiment, the delay time adjustment is also performed by setting the predetermined time Ts for delaying the rotation speed by the first delay unit 133 and the second delay unit 135 in the apparent output fluctuation calculation unit 120b as the delay time Td. be able to.
  • the gas turbine is a power plant of a prime mover.
  • the prime mover is not limited to a gas turbine, and may be, for example, a steam turbine or a windmill.
  • the heat of the compressed air extracted from the compressor can be effectively used while cooling the high temperature part in the gas turbine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
PCT/JP2014/058419 2013-03-28 2014-03-26 原動機の異常検出方法、この方法を実行する原動機の制御装置、及びこの装置を備えている発電プラント Ceased WO2014157277A1 (ja)

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CN113719429A (zh) * 2021-09-01 2021-11-30 中国船舶重工集团海装风电股份有限公司 一种风电机组转速振荡状态识别方法、装置及存储介质

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