WO2014156609A1

WO2014156609A1 - Vane compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2014156609A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/056300
Authority: WO
Inventors: 高橋　知靖; 孝則寺屋; 大沢　仁
Original assignee: 株式会社ヴァレオジャパン
Priority date: 2013-03-27
Filing date: 2014-03-11
Publication date: 2014-10-02
Also published as: JP6174879B2; JP2014190263A

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a vane compressor that can prevent chattering during startup by improving the promptness of pressure increases in a back pressure chamber and thereby reliably biasing a vane, during initial startup, low rotational speed, or the like, toward the inner circumferential face of a cylinder. [Solution] On an end face on the compression chamber side of a first side block forming portion (13) that is integral with a cylinder forming portion (12), a first concave portion (41) that communicates with the bottom of a vane groove (5) (back pressure chamber (5a)) is provided in the path of the distal end of a vane (4) from a sliding contact portion (radial seal portion (40)) of a rotor (3) and cam face (11) to the front of a delivery port (16), and a second concave portion (42) that communicates with the bottom of the vane groove (5) (back pressure chamber (5a)) is provided in the path of the distal end of the vane (4) in the range from the delivery port (16) to the radial seal portion (40). The first concave portion (41) and an oil reservoir (18) are joined by a first joining channel (51), and the second concave portion (42) and a high-pressure space (35) are joined by a second joining channel (52).

Description

Vane type compressor

The present invention relates to a vane type compressor, and more particularly, to a vane type compressor having a structure useful for reducing noise (chattering noise) associated with vane vibration that occurs during startup.

In general, a vane compressor has a cylinder in which both ends are closed and a cam surface is formed on an inner peripheral surface, a rotor that is rotatably supported in the cylinder, and an outer surface of the rotor that is directed inward. The vane groove is configured to have a vane groove accommodated in the vane groove so as to be able to appear and retract. The vane acts from the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor and the back pressure chamber provided at the bottom of the vane groove. The back pressure is such that it is supported in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder.

In such a compressor, since the high / low pressure difference is small in the initial stage of the start-up, the state in which the vane leaves the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and landes on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder again to generate a collision noise (chattering noise) continues for a long time. Cheap.

This phenomenon is particularly likely to occur between the vicinity of the end of the vane passing through the discharge port and the passage of the portion where the rotor and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder are in sliding contact (radial seal portion). The mechanism is considered as follows.
As shown in FIG. 7, the discharge port 16 usually has a counterbore (counterbore) extending in the circumferential direction at the opening end with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder in order to ensure a smooth flow of compressed gas. 16a. For this reason, when the tip of the vane 4 approaches the counterbore 16a (for example, in a vane type compressor having two vanes, the rotor rotation angle is 0 when the tip of the vane 4 is positioned at the radial seal portion. High pressure compressed in the compression chamber on the back side of the vane 4 (the rear side in the direction of rotation of the vane) enters the counterbore 16a and the vane 4 Acts on the entire surface of the tip. On the other hand, the back pressure acting on the bottom of the vane 4 (vane back pressure) is related to the discharge pressure of the compressor and is an intermediate pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure. The pressure applied to the tip of the vane 4 when passing through 16a cannot be supported. As a result, the vane is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and the phenomenon described above occurs.

In order to avoid such an inconvenience, conventionally, as shown in the following patent document, a concave portion is formed on the surface of the side block facing the rotor so as to communicate with the back pressure chamber formed at the bottom of the vane groove. A configuration has been proposed in which a communication path for supplying oil pressed by the discharge pressure is connected to the recess, and a gas flow path for supplying discharge gas is connected to the discharge chamber.
According to such a configuration, the discharge gas compressed in the compression chamber at the initial stage of rotation of the rotor is directly supplied from the gas flow path to the back pressure chamber through the recess, and the vane is reliably urged to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. It can be expected to prevent chattering at startup.

JP 2004-52607 A

However, in the proposed configuration described above, oil is supplied to the recess formed on the surface of the side block facing the rotor and the discharge gas is supplied, and the recess is a through hole that supports the drive shaft. It is formed in a wide range in the circumferential direction around the support hole. For this reason, in the above-described configuration, the path volume until the discharge gas is guided to the back pressure chamber is increased, a delay occurs until the pressure in the back pressure chamber increases, and a sufficient back pressure cannot be obtained immediately. Concerned.
Further, in the above-described configuration, there is a concern that the edge of the recess becomes long, and oil or discharged gas leaks from the edge, so that a sufficient back pressure cannot be obtained immediately.
Thus, in order to prevent the occurrence of chattering that occurs in the initial stage of startup, it is an important issue to increase the immediate effect of the pressure increase in the back pressure chamber.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and enhances the immediate effect of the pressure increase in the back pressure chamber so that the vane is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder at the initial stage of startup or during low rotation. The main object is to provide a vane type compressor that prevents the occurrence of chattering of vanes.

In order to achieve the above object, a vane type compressor according to the present invention includes a housing, a cylinder forming portion that forms a cam surface, and that forms part of the housing, and both ends of the cylinder forming portion in the axial direction. A pair of side block forming portions that are closed and constitute a part of the housing, a drive shaft that is rotatably supported by the pair of side block forming portions, and a cylinder that is fixed to the drive shaft and is mounted in the cylinder forming portion. A rotor that is rotatably accommodated, a radial seal portion in which a part of an outer peripheral surface of the rotor and a part of an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder forming portion are in sliding contact, a plurality of vane grooves formed in the rotor, A plurality of vanes that are slidably inserted into the vane grooves, the tip portions of which protrude from the vane grooves and slide on the cam surface, are closed by the cylinder forming portion and the pair of side block forming portions. A compression chamber formed by the rotor and the vane, a suction port for sucking fluid into the compression chamber, a discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed in the compression chamber, and a discharge port. In a vane compressor comprising: a discharge fluid storage chamber that stores a discharged fluid; and an oil reservoir chamber that stores oil having a pressure corresponding to the pressure of the discharged fluid.
A first concave portion communicating with a bottom portion of the vane groove in a stroke in which a tip end portion of the vane is located in front of the discharge port from the radial seal portion on the compression chamber side end surface of at least one of the side block forming portions; A first communication passage that communicates the first recess and the oil reservoir chamber, and further, in a stroke in which the tip of the vane is in a range from the discharge port to the radial seal portion, A second recess communicating with the bottom of the vane groove; a second communication path communicating the second recess with the discharge fluid storage chamber;
It is characterized by providing.

Accordingly, the second recess is provided independently of the first recess, and a discharge fluid storage chamber that stores the fluid discharged from the discharge port via the second communication path communicates with the second recess. Therefore, when the tip of the vane is positioned near the discharge port where vane chattering is likely to occur, the bottom of the vane groove is communicated with the second recess, so that the discharge fluid can be quickly transferred to the back pressure chamber of the vane. (The pressure in the discharge fluid storage chamber can be quickly transmitted), and the back pressure of the vane can be set to the discharge pressure or a pressure close thereto. For this reason, since sufficient back pressure can be secured immediately, it is possible to support the pressure applied to the tip of the vane when the tip of the vane reaches the discharge port, and contact the vane cam surface. It becomes possible to maintain the state.

In such a configuration, the second communication passage opens in the second communication passage when the pressure difference between the pressure in the discharge fluid storage chamber and the pressure in the second recess is less than a predetermined value, and closes when the pressure exceeds the predetermined value. An on-off valve may be provided.
By providing such an on-off valve, the discharge pressure increases, and the on-off valve closes when the pressure difference between the pressure in the discharge fluid storage chamber and the pressure in the second recess exceeds a predetermined value. In this case, since the back pressure supplied through the first recess is sufficiently high, the back pressure can be maintained even if the supply of the discharge fluid from the second recess is stopped, and the vane It is possible to maintain the state in contact with the cam surface. If the discharge fluid from the discharge fluid storage chamber is supplied through the second recess forever, the amount of oil between the axial end surface of the rotor and the side block forming portion is reduced, and the sealing performance between them is impaired. However, after sufficient back pressure is obtained via the first recess, compression efficiency is required by closing the on-off valve and stopping the supply of the discharge fluid. It is possible to prevent the lowering.

Here, as the on-off valve, a ball valve provided in the discharge fluid storage chamber side opening of the second communication path may be used.
By providing a ball valve at the opening of the second communication path, space can be saved (there is no need to secure a large installation space), and it can be formed at low cost.

Further, when the above-described on-off valve is not provided, a throttle may be provided in the second communication path.
By providing such a throttle in the second communication path, it is possible to adjust the amount of discharged fluid supplied to the second recess even when there is no on-off valve.

The communication between the bottom of the vane groove and the second recess is preferably a stroke in which the tip of the vane is in the range from the start end of the discharge port to the radial seal in the rotational direction of the rotor, The tip of the vane may be performed in a stroke in a range from the middle of the discharge port to the radial seal portion.

As described above, according to the present invention, the bottom portion of the vane groove in the stroke in which the tip end portion of the vane is located on the end surface facing the end surface of the rotor of at least one side block forming portion before the discharge port from the radial seal portion. A first recess that communicates with the bottom of the vane groove in a stroke in which the tip of the vane is in the range from the discharge port to the radial seal portion, and the first recess serves as an oil reservoir. Since the second recess communicates with the discharge fluid storage chamber, the discharge fluid storage chamber can be used when the tip of the vane is located in the range from the discharge port to the radial seal portion where chattering is likely to occur. It is possible to guide the discharged fluid to the bottom of the vane groove through the second recess formed in the short circumferential section. As a result, the volume of the path that guides the discharged fluid to the bottom of the vane groove can be reduced, and the immediate effect of the pressure increase in the back pressure chamber can be increased, so that the vane can be reliably secured even at the initial start-up or at low rotation. It is possible to prevent vane chattering at the time of startup or the like.

The second communication path is provided with an opening / closing valve that opens when the pressure difference between the pressure of the discharge fluid storage chamber and the pressure of the second recess is less than a predetermined value and closes when the pressure exceeds the predetermined value. Therefore, after sufficient back pressure is obtained, the sealing performance between the axial end surface of the rotor and the side block forming portion is impaired by stopping the supply of the discharge fluid to the bottom of the vane groove. It is possible to avoid this and prevent the compression efficiency from being lowered more than necessary.

In addition, as such an on-off valve, it is good to use the ball valve provided in the discharge fluid storage chamber side opening part of a 2nd communicating path. By adopting such a configuration, space can be saved, and it can be formed at low cost.

In the case where no on-off valve is provided, it is preferable to provide a throttle in the second communication path. By setting it as such a structure, it becomes possible to adjust the amount of discharge fluid supplied to a 2nd recessed part.

1A and 1B are views showing a vane type compressor according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the first housing member and the second housing member of the vane compressor shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B shows the second recess and the orifice passage. FIG. 2C is an enlarged perspective view of the connecting portion between the first recess and the orifice passage. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the communication state between the back pressure chamber and the second recess, and FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing a radial direction from the position where the tip of the vane approaches the start end of the discharge port. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing an example in which the second concave portion is formed from the middle of the discharge port to the radial seal portion from the middle of the discharge port. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing another example of the vane type compressor according to the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. . FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the first housing member and the second housing member of the vane compressor shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B shows the second recess and the communication path. FIG. 5C is an enlarged perspective view of the connecting portion between the first recess and the orifice passage. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing details of the on-off valve. FIG. 7A is an explanatory view for explaining the force acting on the tip of the vane when the tip of the vane passes through the discharge port, and FIG. 7B shows the conventional configuration of two vanes. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the pressure of the vane rotation direction front side with respect to a rotor rotation angle at the time of employ | adopting a vane type compressor, the pressure of the vane rotation direction back side, and a vane back pressure.

Hereinafter, the vane type compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show a vane type compressor suitable for a refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant as a working fluid. The vane compressor 1 includes a drive shaft 2, a rotor 3 that is fixed to the drive shaft 2 and rotates as the drive shaft 2 rotates, a vane 4 attached to the rotor 3, and the drive shaft 2. A housing 9 that supports the rotor 3 and the vanes 4 while supporting them freely is configured. In FIG. 1, the left side is the front side and the right side is the rear side.

The housing 9 is configured by combining two members, a first housing member 10 and a second housing member 20. The first housing member 10 houses the rotor 3 and closes the cylinder forming portion 12 having the cam surface 11 formed on the inner peripheral surface and one end side (rear side) in the axial direction of the cylinder forming portion 12. The first side block forming portion 13 is formed integrally with the first side block forming portion 13. The inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 is formed in a perfect circle in cross section, and the axial length is substantially equal to the axial length of the rotor 3 described later.

The second housing member 20 includes a second side block forming portion 21 that is in contact with an end face on the other end side (front side) in the axial direction of the cylinder forming portion 12 and closes the other end side. And a shell forming portion 22 formed integrally with the side block forming portion 21. The shell forming portion 22 extends in the axial direction of the drive shaft 2 and is formed so as to surround the outer peripheral surfaces of the cylinder forming portion 12 and the first side block forming portion 13.

The first housing member 10 and the second housing member 20 are fastened in the axial direction via a coupling tool such as a bolt (not shown). Further, a seal member 8 such as an O-ring is interposed between the first side block forming portion 13 of the first housing member 10 and the shell forming portion 22 of the second housing member 20 so as to be airtightly sealed. Yes.

Also, the second housing member 20 is integrally formed with a boss portion 23 extending from the second side block forming portion 21 to the front side. A pulley (not shown) that transmits rotational power to the drive shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the boss portion 23 so that the rotational power is transmitted from the pulley to the drive shaft 2 via an electromagnetic clutch (not shown). It has become.

The drive shaft 2 is rotatably supported by the first side block forming portion 13 and the second side block forming portion 21 via

bearings

14 and 24. The drive shaft 2 has a tip projecting into the boss portion 23 of the second housing member 20, and the space between the drive shaft 2 and the boss portion 23 is hermetically sealed by a seal member 25 provided between the drive shaft 2 and the boss portion 23. ing.

The rotor 3 has a circular cross section, and the drive shaft 2 is inserted through an insertion hole 3a provided at the center of the rotor 3, and the rotor 3 is fixed to the drive shaft 2 in a state where the centers of the shafts coincide with each other. Yes. The axial center O ′ of the cylinder forming portion 12 and the axial center O of the rotor 3 (drive shaft 2) are such that the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 and the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 are in the circumferential direction. It is provided so as to be abutted at one place (is provided by being shifted by a half of the difference between the inner diameter of the cylinder forming portion 12 and the outer diameter of the rotor 3). In the space closed by the cylinder forming portion 12, the first side block forming portion 13, and the second side block forming portion 21, the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 and the rotor 3 A compression space 30 is defined between the outer peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

Also, the second housing member 20 is formed with a suction port for sucking working fluid (refrigerant gas) from the outside and a discharge port for discharging the working fluid (refrigerant gas) to the outside. The cylinder forming portion 12 of the first housing member 10 has a rotor that is in contact with a portion where the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 (hereinafter referred to as a radial seal portion 40). A suction port 15 communicating with the suction port is formed in the vicinity of the front side in the rotational direction 3. Further, a discharge port 16 communicating with the discharge port is formed in the vicinity of the rear side in the rotational direction of the rotor 3. In FIG. 1B, reference numeral 36 denotes a screw hole for screwing the connector.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the discharge port 16 has a counterbore (counter) that is concavely curved along the circumferential direction at the opening end with the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12. (Bore) 16a. The compressed gas is discharged through the counterbore 16a. A discharge chamber 32 is formed between the cylinder forming portion 12 of the first housing member 10 and the shell forming portion 22 of the second housing member 20. The discharge port 16 opens into the discharge chamber 32 and is closed by a discharge valve 33 provided in the discharge chamber 32 so as to be opened and closed. Reference numeral 34 denotes a retainer that regulates the movement of the discharge valve 33.

Further, a high-pressure space 35 to which the discharge port is connected is formed between the first side block forming portion 13 of the first housing member 10 and the shell forming portion 22 of the second housing member 20. The discharge chamber 32 communicates with the high-pressure space 35 via an oil separator (not shown). The discharge chamber 32 and the high-pressure space 35 constitute a discharge fluid storage chamber that stores the fluid discharged from the discharge port 16. Further, the working fluid is separated by an oil separator (not shown) between the lower portion of the first side block forming portion 13 of the first housing member 10 and the lower portion of the shell forming portion 22 of the second housing member 20. An oil reservoir chamber 18 is provided for storing oil (having a pressure corresponding to the pressure of the discharge gas).

A plurality of vane grooves 5 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3, and the vanes 4 are slidably inserted into the respective vane grooves 5. The vane groove 5 is opened not only on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 but also on the end surface facing the first side block forming portion 13 and the second side block forming portion 21, and a back pressure chamber 5 a is formed at the bottom. Has been. A plurality of the vane grooves 5 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In this example, the vane grooves 5 are formed so as to be parallel to each other at two positions different in phase by 180 degrees. Each vane groove 5 is formed in the rotor in a state where a plane including the vane 4 and a plane parallel to the vane 4 and including the axis O of the drive shaft 2 are separated by a predetermined distance (offset state). Has been.

The vane 4 has a width along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2 equal to the axial length of the rotor 3. Further, the length in the insertion direction (sliding direction) into the vane groove 5 is formed substantially equal to the length of the vane groove 5 in the same direction. The vane 4 is protruded from the vane groove 5 due to the back pressure supplied to the back pressure chamber 5 a of the vane groove 5, and the tip part can come into contact with the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming part 12. ing.

Therefore, the compression space 30 is partitioned into a plurality of compression chambers 31 by the vanes 4 slidably inserted into the vane grooves 5, and the volume of each compression chamber 31 changes as the rotor 3 rotates. ing.

The first side block forming portion 13 has an end surface facing the axial end surface of the rotor 3 and a first recess 41 and a second recess that can communicate with the back pressure chamber 5 a provided at the bottom of the vane groove 5. A recess 42 is formed.

The first recess 41 is formed in a range from the position of the radial seal portion 40 to the front of the vane 4 just before reaching the discharge port 16 (before the counterbore 16a). The tip of the vane 4 communicates with the bottom of the vane groove 5 (back pressure chamber 5a) in the stroke before the discharge port 16 from the radial seal portion 40.

On the other hand, the second recess 42 is located at the position where the tip of the vane 4 is located at the discharge port 16, in this example, as shown in FIG. 16a to the radial seal portion 40). The second recess 42 communicates with the bottom (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 in the stroke in the range: α from the discharge port 16 to the radial seal portion 40 at the tip of the vane 4. .

Further, the first side block forming portion 13 is connected to the first communication passage 51 that communicates the first recess 41 and the oil reservoir chamber 18, and the second communication passage that communicates the second recess 42 and the high-pressure space 35. The communication path 52 is formed.

The first communication passage 51 has an oil introduction passage 51a drilled in the radial direction of the first side block forming portion 13 from the oil reservoir chamber 18, one end opened to the oil introduction passage 51a, and the other end And an orifice passage 51b opening in one recess 41.
The second communication passage 52 has a gas introduction passage 52a drilled from the high-pressure space 35 in the radial direction of the first side block forming portion 13, and one end opened to the gas introduction passage 52a. And an orifice passage 52b opening in the second recess 42.
These

orifice passages

51b and 52b constitute a restriction in the first communication passage 51 and the second communication passage 52.

Therefore, when the bottom portion (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 communicates with the first recess 41, the pressure corresponding to the discharge pressure supplied from the oil reservoir chamber 18 through the oil introduction passage 51a and the orifice passage 51b is obtained. Oil is fed into the back pressure chamber 5a. When the bottom portion (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 communicates with the second recess 42, the discharge gas supplied from the high pressure space 35 via the gas introduction passage 52a and the orifice passage 52b directly enters the back pressure chamber 5a. It is sent.

In the above configuration, when the compressor 1 is started and the rotor 3 starts to rotate, the discharge gas compressed in the compression chamber 31 starts to be discharged into the discharge chamber 32 through the discharge port 16. In the initial stage of startup, the discharge pressure is not sufficiently high, and the oil sent from the oil reservoir chamber 18 to the first recess 41 through the first communication passage 51 by the discharge pressure is due to its viscous resistance and the like. Immediately after starting, sufficient back pressure cannot be supplied to the vane 4. However, the bottom portion (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 starts from the point when the tip of the vane 4 reaches the discharge port 16 (spot face 16a) that is easily separated from the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12. The discharge gas communicates with the second recess 42 and is directly introduced into the bottom of the vane groove 5 (back pressure chamber 5a). Thus, the discharge gas is supplied directly to the back pressure chamber 5a via the second communication passage 52 and the second recess 42 immediately after the compressor 1 is started, so that the tip of the vane 4 is connected to the discharge port 16. The vane 4 is stably pressed against the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 even when passing in the vicinity of. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate a collision sound (chattering noise) generated when the vane 4 is separated from the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 and landed again.
In particular, in this configuration, the second recess for supplying the discharge gas to the back pressure chamber is formed in a short section in the circumferential direction independently of the first recess, so that the discharge gas is guided to the back pressure chamber. It is possible to reduce the volume of the path up to and increase the immediate effect of the pressure increase in the back pressure chamber 5a.

In the above-described configuration, since the orifice passage 52b is provided in the second communication passage 52, the amount of discharge gas supplied to the second recess 42 is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the orifice passage 52b. It becomes possible to do.

In the above example, the range in which the second recess 42 communicates with the bottom of the vane groove 5 (back pressure chamber 5a) is the position where the tip of the vane 4 reaches the discharge port 16 (at the start of the counterbore 16a). The position α is set to a range α from the approaching position) to the radial seal portion 40. However, it has been found that chattering is more likely to occur between the portion where the tip end of the vane 4 is located at the middle to the end of the discharge port 16 and the radial seal portion 40. Therefore, more preferably, the range in which the second recess 42 communicates with the bottom portion (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 is such that the tip of the vane 4 is connected to the discharge port 16 as shown in FIG. You may make it form the 2nd recessed part 42 so that it may become the range (beta) which moves to the radial seal part 40 from a middle position.

4 and 5 show another configuration example of the vane type compressor according to the present invention. This configuration example is different from the configuration example described above in that an opening / closing valve 54 is provided at the high pressure space side opening of the second communication path.
The on-off valve 54 is configured by a ball valve provided at the high-pressure space side opening of the second communication passage 52. As shown in FIG. 6, the on-off valve 54 is configured by accommodating a valve body 55 that opens and closes the second communication path 52 in the valve body housing portion 56. That is, a valve body accommodating portion 56 that accommodates the valve body 55 by forming a large diameter at the opening end of the second communication path 52 is provided, and the seat surface on which the valve body 55 is seated subsequent to the valve body accommodating portion 56. 57 and a spring receiver 58 are formed, and the valve body 55 is constantly urged away from the seat surface 57 by a compression spring 59 accommodated in the spring receiver 58. A pin 60 for restricting the movement of the valve body 55 is fixed to the first side block forming portion 13 on the side opposite to the seat surface 57 with respect to the valve body 55.

Therefore, the on-off valve 54 opens when the differential pressure between the pressure in the high-pressure space 35 and the pressure in the second recess 42 is not more than a predetermined threshold value, and closes when the threshold value is exceeded. The threshold value is set to a value that is somewhat smaller than the differential pressure when the compressor 1 starts to start and reaches steady operation.

In addition, since the opening / closing valve 54 is provided, it is not essential to form a throttle in the second communication path 52. In this example, the second communication path 52 extends from the high-pressure space 35 to the first side. A gas introduction passage 52a drilled in the radial direction of the block forming portion 13 and a communication passage 52c (one end opened in the gas introduction passage 52a and the other end opened in the second recess 42 is not formed. (Which does not have a restriction but has a smaller diameter than the gas introduction passage 52a).
In addition, since the other structure is the same as that of the said structural example, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same location, and abbreviate | omits description.

In such a configuration, at the initial stage of starting the compressor, the difference between the pressure in the high pressure space 35 and the pressure in the second recess 41 is small, and the valve body 55 is seated on the seat surface 57 against the spring force. Since this is not possible, the second communication path 52 is in a released state. Therefore, the discharge gas is immediately supplied to the back pressure chamber 5a via the second communication passage 52 when the bottom portion (back pressure chamber 5a) of the vane groove 5 communicates with the second recess 42.
For this reason, even when the tip end portion of the vane 4 passes near the discharge port 16, the vane 4 is stably pressed against the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12, and the vane 4 is pressed against the cylinder forming portion 12. The inconvenience of generating a collision sound (chattering noise) is eliminated by landing again from the inner peripheral surface of the.

On the other hand, when the discharge pressure increases and the difference between the pressure in the high pressure space 35 and the pressure in the second recess 42 exceeds a predetermined value, the on-off valve 54 is closed (the valve body 55 is closed on the seat surface 57). Sit down).
However, since the pressure of the oil supplied through the first recess 41 is sufficiently high at this time, the discharge gas does not have to be introduced into the back pressure chamber 5a through the second recess 42. (Even when supply of the discharge gas from the second recess 42 is stopped), a sufficient back pressure can be maintained, and the vane 4 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface (cam surface 11) of the cylinder forming portion 12 Can be maintained. Moreover, the axial end face of the rotor 3 and the first side block are stopped by stopping the supply of the discharge gas from the second communication passage 52 after sufficient back pressure is obtained through the first recess 41. It is avoided that the oil existing between the forming portion 13 is lost more than necessary, the sealing performance between the end surface of the rotor 3 and the first side block forming portion 13 is not impaired, and the compression efficiency is more than necessary. It is possible to prevent the decrease.

In this example, since a ball valve is used as the on-off valve 54, space can be saved by providing a ball valve at the opening of the second communication passage 52 (a large installation space is ensured). It is also possible to form at low cost.
Furthermore, since the outlet side of the on-off valve 54 is directly connected to the second recess 42 communicating with the back pressure chamber 5a, it is possible to connect the high-pressure space and the second recess 42 in the shortest time. In addition, the path volume of the discharge gas can be reduced, and the immediate effect of the pressure increase in the back pressure chamber 5a can be increased.

In the above configuration, the example in which the second communication path 52 is connected to the high-pressure space 35 has been described. However, the pressure of the discharge gas supplied to the second recess 42 is instantly determined by the gas pressure discharged from the discharge port 16. In order to follow this, the second communication path 52 may be connected to the discharge chamber 32.
In this example, the first side block forming portion 13 has a first recess 41 and a first communication passage 51 connected thereto, and a second recess 42 and a second communication passage 52 connected thereto. However, the second side block forming portion 21 of the second housing member 20 may be formed similarly.

Furthermore, the above configuration can be similarly applied to a vane type compressor having three or more vanes. Also in the configuration of two vanes, as shown in FIG. 1B, the plane including the vane 4 and the plane parallel to the vane 4 are not only provided when the vane groove 5 (vane 4) is provided offset. In the case where the plane including the axis O of the drive shaft 2 is made coincident (offset is set to 0), or when it is offset to the opposite side to FIG. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vane type compressor 2 Drive shaft 3 Rotor 4 Vane 5 Vane groove 9 Housing 10 First housing member 11 Cam surface 12 Cylinder formation part 13 First side block formation part 15 Suction port 16 Discharge port 18 Oil reservoir chamber 20 First 2 housing member 21 second side block forming portion 31 compression chamber 32 discharge chamber 35 high pressure space 40 radial seal portion 41 first concave portion 42 second concave portion 51 first communication passage 52 second communication passage 52b orifice passage 54 On-off valve

Claims

A housing, and a cylinder forming portion having a cam surface and constituting a part of the housing;
A pair of side block forming parts that closes both axial ends of the cylinder forming part and constitutes a part of the housing;
A drive shaft rotatably supported by the pair of side block forming portions; a rotor fixedly mounted on the drive shaft and rotatably accommodated in the cylinder forming portion;
A radial seal portion in which a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder forming portion are in sliding contact;
A plurality of vane grooves formed in the rotor, and a plurality of vanes which are slidably inserted into the vane grooves, and whose tip ends slide out of the vane grooves and slide on the cam surface;
A compression chamber formed by the rotor and the vane in a space closed by the cylinder forming portion and the pair of side block forming portions;
A suction port for sucking fluid into the compression chamber; a discharge port for discharging the fluid compressed in the compression chamber;
A discharge fluid storage chamber for storing the fluid discharged from the discharge port;
An oil reservoir chamber for storing oil at a pressure corresponding to the pressure of the discharged fluid;
In a vane compressor equipped with
A first concave portion communicating with a bottom portion of the vane groove in a stroke in which a tip end portion of the vane is located in front of the discharge port from the radial seal portion on the compression chamber side end surface of at least one of the side block forming portions; A first communication passage that communicates the first recess and the oil reservoir chamber;
And a second recess communicating with the bottom of the vane groove in a stroke in which the tip of the vane is in a range from the discharge port to the radial seal portion;
A second communication path communicating the second recess and the discharge fluid storage chamber;
The vane type compressor characterized by having provided.
The second communication path is provided with an opening / closing valve that opens when the pressure difference between the pressure of the discharge fluid storage chamber and the pressure of the second recess is less than a predetermined value and closes when the pressure exceeds the predetermined value. The vane type compressor according to claim 1.
The vane compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the on-off valve is a ball valve provided at the discharge fluid storage chamber side opening of the second communication path.
2. The vane type compressor according to claim 1, wherein a throttle is provided in the second communication path.
A stroke where the tip of the vane is in a range from the starting end of the discharge port to the radial seal in the rotational direction of the rotor, more preferably, the tip of the vane is from the middle of the discharge port 5. The vane compressor according to claim 1, wherein a bottom portion of the vane groove communicates with the second concave portion in a stroke in a range up to a radial seal portion.