WO2014156250A1 - マスタスレーブシステム - Google Patents
マスタスレーブシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014156250A1 WO2014156250A1 PCT/JP2014/051292 JP2014051292W WO2014156250A1 WO 2014156250 A1 WO2014156250 A1 WO 2014156250A1 JP 2014051292 W JP2014051292 W JP 2014051292W WO 2014156250 A1 WO2014156250 A1 WO 2014156250A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- master
- unit
- slave
- treatment
- command
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J3/00—Manipulators of master-slave type, i.e. both controlling unit and controlled unit perform corresponding spatial movements
- B25J3/04—Manipulators of master-slave type, i.e. both controlling unit and controlled unit perform corresponding spatial movements involving servo mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00043—Operational features of endoscopes provided with output arrangements
- A61B1/00045—Display arrangement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00087—Tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00147—Holding or positioning arrangements
- A61B1/00149—Holding or positioning arrangements using articulated arms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
- A61B34/37—Master-slave robots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/74—Manipulators with manual electric input means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/02—Hand grip control means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
- A61B2034/301—Surgical robots for introducing or steering flexible instruments inserted into the body, e.g. catheters or endoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/064—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a master / slave system.
- a master input device of a master / slave system that is similar to a slave device is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the slave device is an endoscope having an observation optical system and two treatment tools on the distal end surface of the elongated insertion portion
- the master device is a corresponding bending portion of the insertion portion.
- a handle for twisting the insertion portion by its rotation Similar to a plurality of joints for bending the handle, a handle for twisting the insertion portion by its rotation, and a treatment tool disposed at the tip of the handle and operated with both hands to operate two treatment tools The two holding parts.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances.
- the slave device can be operated without changing the master device, and the correspondence relationship between the master device and the position of the treatment tool on the monitor can be obtained even after the slave device is operated.
- the object is to provide a master-slave system that can be maintained.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a slave device including an observation optical system that captures an image of a subject, and a treatment unit that protrudes from the surface on which the observation optical system is provided and that is at least partially photographed together with the subject by the observation optical system.
- a master device including an operation unit that is gripped and operated by an operator, a control unit that associates an operation of the operation unit of the master device with an operation of the slave device and an operation of the treatment unit, and the observation optical system.
- a master that includes a monitor that displays the acquired image, and a command input unit that allows the operation unit to input an operation command of the slave device without changing its posture while being held by the operator. Provide a slave system.
- the control unit rotates the slave device about the axis intersecting the surface on which the observation optical system is provided by an angle corresponding to the operation amount of the operation unit, and the treatment unit To work.
- the observation direction of the subject by the observation optical system is changed by the rotation of the slave device. Since the treatment portion protrudes from the surface on which the observation optical system is provided, the treatment portion is simultaneously rotated in the same direction as the observation optical system is rotated. Further, the subject can be treated by the treatment unit from the direction of observation by the observation optical system by the operation of the treatment unit.
- the operator in order to rotate the slave device, the operator operates a command input unit provided in the operation unit and inputs an operation command, for example, a rotation command.
- an operation command for example, a rotation command.
- the slave device rotates about an axis that intersects the surface on which the observation optical system is provided.
- the observation optical system and the treatment unit provided on this surface are simultaneously rotated in the same direction, so that the subject displayed on the monitor rotates, but the treatment unit on the monitor does not move.
- the posture of the operation unit held by the operator does not change, so the posture of the operation unit and the position of the treatment unit on the monitor are always The same correspondence is maintained.
- an operator who performs treatment while looking at the monitor can perform an intuitive operation.
- the position of the operation unit and the position of the treatment unit on the monitor are matched, the operator can easily recognize the correspondence between the operation unit and the treatment unit even when the operation unit is operated again after a while. be able to.
- the operation command is a rotation operation command
- the control unit converts the operation of the operation unit of the master device into the rotation around the axis intersecting the surface of the slave device and the operation of the treatment unit. It is good also as making it correspond.
- the posture of the operation unit held by the operator since the posture of the operation unit held by the operator does not change, the posture of the operation unit and the position of the treatment unit on the monitor are always maintained in the same correspondence relationship. An operator who performs treatment while looking at the monitor can perform intuitive operations.
- the command input unit is a force sensor that detects a direction of a force applied to the operation unit, and the control unit operates the slave device according to the direction of the force detected by the force sensor.
- the direction may be determined.
- positioned in the position which can be operated with fingers other than the finger which is holding the said operation part may be sufficient as the said command input part.
- the said operation part may be provided in two places so that it may be hold
- the rotation command for rotating a slave apparatus can be divided and input into two command input parts. For example, when commands in the same direction are input to two command input units, these may be averaged to obtain a rotation command, or any command input unit when the commands to the two command input units differ greatly It may be determined that there is an abnormality.
- the said control part may operate the said slave apparatus based on the average value of the operation command input into two command input parts. In this way, the slave device can be operated more stably with both hands. Further, the control unit may operate the slave device based on a sum of operation commands input to the two command input units. By doing in this way, a slave apparatus can be operated with the pattern according to the combination of the operation command input into two command input parts.
- each of the command input units may be a triaxial force sensor. By doing in this way, it is possible to command the operation of the slave device with six degrees of freedom by the two command input units.
- the slave device can be operated without changing the master device, and the correspondence between the master device and the position of the treatment tool on the monitor can be maintained even after the slave device is operated.
- the slave device is rotated by this, there is an effect that the correspondence between the master device and the position of the treatment tool on the monitor can be maintained.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a master-slave system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the insertion part front-end
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the master-slave system of FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the master apparatus in the modification of the master slave system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the master apparatus in the other modification of the master slave system of FIG. It is a modification of the command input unit provided in the master-slave system of FIG. 1, and (a) dial, (b) cross key, (c) joystick, (d) touch panel provided on the operation unit, (e) It is a perspective view which shows the dial each operated with both hands. It is a perspective view which shows the master apparatus in the other modification of the master slave system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows (a) master apparatus and (b) slave apparatus in the other modification of the master slave system of FIG. 1, respectively.
- the master-slave system 1 is an endoscope system, and includes a master device 2 operated by an operator O, an endoscope 4 as a slave device, A driving unit 5 that drives the endoscope 4, a control unit 6 that controls the driving unit 5, and a display unit (monitor) 7 that displays an image acquired by the endoscope 4 are provided.
- the endoscope 4 has a soft insertion portion 3 that is inserted into the body of the patient P, for example, into a soft organ such as the large intestine.
- the objective lens 8 of the observation optical system is attached to the distal end surface 3a of the insertion unit 3, and two treatment tools (treatment units) projecting forward from the distal end surface 3a. 9 is provided.
- Each treatment tool 9 has a multi-joint structure.
- a plurality of curved portions are provided near the distal end of the insertion portion 3. By combining the bending of each bending portion, the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 can be moved in an arbitrary direction.
- the drive unit 5 is configured to perform driving such as insertion operation of the insertion unit 3 of the endoscope 4, bending operation of the insertion unit 3, and twisting operation of the insertion unit 3 on the proximal end side of the insertion unit 3.
- the master device 2 is provided with a handle (operation unit) 22 attached to an operation table 21 fixed to a floor surface, and right and left of the handle 22.
- the operator O has a multi-joint-structured treatment operation part (operation part) 23 adapted to the treatment tool 9 operated by grasping the tip part with both hands, and a foot switch 24 arranged on the floor surface.
- a force sensor 25 that detects a force applied to the handle 22 in six axis directions is provided between the operation table 21 and the handle 22.
- an assistant (not shown) lays the patient P on the operating table 30 arranged on the master device 2 side, and performs appropriate processing such as disinfection and anesthesia.
- the operator O instructs the assistant to introduce the insertion portion 3 of the endoscope 4 from the anus of the patient P into the large intestine.
- the operator O operates the master device 2 to appropriately bend the bending portion of the insertion portion 3 and operate the distal end of the endoscope 4.
- the control unit 6 associates the direction of the force applied around the horizontal axis X with the handle 22 of the master device 2 and the direction of rotation around the longitudinal axis Y of the distal end surface 3a of the insertion unit 3 and maintains the applied force.
- the time and the rotation angle are associated with each other.
- the control unit 6 is configured to associate the operation of the treatment operation unit 23 of the master device 2 with the operation of the treatment tool 9.
- to associate an operation with an operation means that a corresponding portion of the endoscope 4 can be operated by an operation on the master device 2 side.
- control unit 6 generates a rotation command signal around the longitudinal axis Y of the insertion unit 3 according to the force applied to the handle 22 and outputs the rotation command signal to the drive unit 5. Further, the control unit 6 generates a rotation command signal for each joint corresponding to the treatment tool 9 according to the rotation angle of each joint of the treatment operation unit 23 by operating the treatment operation unit 23 and outputs the rotation command signal to the drive unit 5. It is like that.
- control unit 6 is configured so that, for example, when the operation mode of the treatment tool is selected by stepping on the foot switch 24, each joint of the treatment operation unit 23 according to the operation by the operator O. Are freely swung to operate the corresponding joints of the treatment instrument 9 according to the rotation angle of each joint of the treatment operation unit 23.
- the control unit 6 fixes the operation of each joint of the treatment operation unit 23 by a motor or a brake (not shown). The force applied by the operator O in the state of gripping 23 is transmitted to the handle 22 as it is.
- the operator O inserts the insertion portion 3 of the endoscope 4 into the body cavity, and the operator O
- the treatment operation unit 23 of the master device 2 is grasped and the handle 22 and the treatment operation unit 23 are operated while observing the state in the body cavity photographed by the observation optical system through the objective lens 8 of the fourth lens by the monitor 7. .
- the insertion part 3 and the treatment tool 9 of the endoscope 4 which is a slave device are moved.
- the treatment tool operation mode is selected by stepping on the foot switch 24 as shown in FIG. 6 (step S1), and two treatments held with both hands are performed.
- the treatment tool 9 is operated by the control unit 6 (step S3) to perform treatment.
- step S1 the endoscope operation mode is selected (step S1), and each joint of the treatment operation section 23 is fixed at that position. Thereby, the force applied by the hand of the operator O holding the treatment operation unit 23 is transmitted to the handle 22 as it is.
- any arbitrary force is applied to the handle 22 as shown in FIG.
- the force F is applied over time (step S5).
- the force applied to the handle 22 is detected by a six-axis force sensor 25 provided between the handle 22 and the operation console 21.
- the control unit 6 operates each bending portion of the insertion portion 3 of the endoscope 4 according to the direction of the force detected by the force sensor 25 and the time when the force is applied (step S6).
- the force sensor 25 detects a force component that generates a moment around the horizontal axis X with respect to the handle 22, as shown in FIG.
- the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 is rotated around the longitudinal axis Y in a direction corresponding to the detected moment direction by an angle corresponding to the time when the force is applied.
- the switching may be performed by stepping on the foot switch 24 in steps S1 and S8.
- the handle 22 when the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 is rotated to change the direction of the treatment instrument 9 with respect to the subject A, the handle 22 is not rotated and the handle 22 is not rotated. Since the distal end surface 3a is rotated according to the direction of the force applied to 22, the position of the treatment operation unit 23 held by the operator O and the position of the treatment instrument 9 displayed on the monitor 7 do not move and are always maintained at the same position. Is done.
- the six-axis force sensor 25 is provided between the handle 22 and the operation table 21, the force applied by the operator O is applied to the treatment operation unit 23 gripped by the operator O and to this.
- the force sensor 25 may be provided at the joint portion at the distal end of the treatment operation unit 23 instead. In this way, the force applied by the operator O can be detected more directly.
- it is necessary to determine whether or not the force component for rotating the handle 22 depends on which direction the joint at the tip of the treatment operation unit 23 is directed. In this case, what is necessary is just to acquire the attitude
- the force input in the X-axis direction of the master device 2 moves the advancing / retreating direction of the insertion unit 3 in the Y-axis direction
- the force input in the vertical direction may correspond to the operation of the distal end bending angle of the insertion portion 3.
- the endoscope 4 can be moved by the master device 2 without shifting the positional relationship between the treatment operation unit 23 of the master device 2 and the treatment tool 9 reflected on the monitor 7.
- a force sensor 25 may be provided in each of the two treatment operation units 23 held by both the left and right hands. In this case, when a force in the same direction is detected by the two force sensors 25, an average value of the detected force may be used as the operation amount. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to perform more stable operation. Further, when the forces detected by the two force sensors 25 are greatly different, it may be determined that there is some abnormality.
- the force sensors 25 are provided in the two treatment operation sections 23, as shown in FIG. 7, the force sensors 25 capable of detecting triaxial force LFx, LFy, LFz; RFx, RFy, RFz are provided. Each may be provided. By doing in this way, the operation command with 6 degrees of freedom can be made in combination, and a new operation command can be constituted by two combinations (total).
- An operation command for zooming out the observation optical system may be configured when the observation optical system is zoomed in and RFx ⁇ 0, LFx> 0.
- the zoom may be an optical zoom, a digital zoom, or a slave insertion unit that moves forward and backward in the Y-axis direction.
- sensors with 3 axes or less and it is possible to input 4 axes including moments by combining two 2-axis sensors, or to input 2-axis by combining two 1-axis sensors.
- a sensor having three axes or less has been described.
- two sensors having four axes or more may be combined to input eight axes or more.
- the force sensor 25 is exemplified as the command input unit.
- an input device that can be operated by a finger other than the finger that holds the treatment operation unit 23.
- any input device such as (a) left-right dial 26a and up-down dial 26b, (b) cross key 27, (c) joystick 28, (d) touch panel 29 may be employed.
- inputs such as a left-right dial 26a, a vertical dial 26b, an advancing / retracting direction dial 26c, and a roll-direction dial 26d arranged in the left and right treatment operation units 23 are provided. Depending on the device, the operation may be distributed.
- the number of joints of the master device 2 is configured to be larger than the number of joints of the endoscope that is the slave device, and the operation of the larger joint is performed in the insertion portion of the endoscope 4.
- 3 may be assigned to a rotation command around the longitudinal axis Y of the tip surface 3a.
- an excessive joint that rotates the most advanced gripping portion 27 gripped by the finger of the operator O around the longitudinal axis J7 is provided, and the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 is moved by the operation of the joint. Is going to rotate.
- Reference numerals J1 to J6 respectively indicate joint axes provided in the master device 2 for moving the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 with six degrees of freedom.
- the master device 2 applies a force in a direction in which the lever 28 attached to the operation table 21 via the force sensor 25 is swung, thereby An operation command is generated in a direction in which the tip of the insertion portion 3 of the endoscope 4 serving as a device is swung, and a force for rotating the lever 28 about its longitudinal axis X is applied, whereby the distal end surface 3a of the insertion portion 3 is elongated.
- An operation command for rotating around the axis Y may be generated.
- a slider 29 may be provided at the tip of the lever 28, and the amount of protrusion of the treatment instrument 9 may be changed by moving the slider 29 in the direction along the longitudinal axis X.
- a Subject O Operator Y Longitudinal axis (axis) 1 Master-slave system 2 Master device 3a Tip surface (surface) 4 Endoscope (slave device) 6 Control unit 7 Monitor 8 Objective lens (observation optical system) 9 treatment tools (treatment section) 22 Handle (operation unit) 23 Treatment operation part (operation part) 25 Force sensor (command input part) 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d Dial (input device) 27 Four-way controller (input device) 28 Joystick (input device) 29 Touch panel (input device)
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1のマスタスレーブシステムにおいては、スレーブ装置は、細長い挿入部の先端面に観察光学系と2本の処置具とを有する内視鏡であり、マスタ装置は、挿入部の対応する湾曲部を湾曲動作させる複数の関節と、その回転動作によって挿入部に捻るような動作をさせるハンドルと、ハンドルの先端に配置され2つの処置具を動作させるように両手で操作される処置具と相似形の2つの把持部とを有している。
処置具操作用のマスタとは別にスレーブ先端操作用のマスタを設けることも考えられるが、操作を切り替える毎にマスタを持ち換える必要があり作業が煩雑となる。
本発明の一態様は、被写体を撮影する観察光学系と、該観察光学系が設けられている面から突出し該観察光学系により少なくとも一部が被写体とともに撮影される処置部とを備えるスレーブ装置と、操作者によって把持されて操作される操作部を備えるマスタ装置と、該マスタ装置の前記操作部の操作を前記スレーブ装置の動作および前記処置部の動作に対応付ける制御部と、前記観察光学系により取得された画像を表示するモニタとを備え、前記操作部が、前記操作者により把持されたまま、その姿勢を変化させずに、前記スレーブ装置の動作指令を入力可能な指令入力部を備えるマスタスレーブシステムを提供する。
このようにすることで、スレーブ装置を回転させる場合に、操作者が把持している操作部の姿勢が変化しないので、操作部の姿勢とモニタ上の処置部の位置は常に同じ対応関係に維持され、モニタを見ながら処置を行う操作者は、直感的な操作を行うことができる。
このようにすることで、操作部を把持している操作者が操作部に力を加えると、その力の方向が力センサによって検出され、制御部が検出された力の方向に応じてスレーブ装置を回転させる。これにより、操作部を把持したままの状態で操作部を変位させることなく、スレーブ装置を直感的に操作して処置を行うことができる。
このようにすることで、操作者は、操作部をいずれかの指で把持し続けたまま、操作部を移動させることなく、把持している指以外の指によって入力装置を操作してスレーブ装置を回転させることができる。
このようにすることで、スレーブ装置を回転させるための回転指令を2つの指令入力部に分けて入力することができる。例えば、2つの指令入力部に同一方向の指令が入力された場合にこれを平均して回転指令としてもよいし、2つの指令入力部への指令が大きく異なる場合に、いずれかの指令入力部に異常があると判定してもよい。
このようにすることで、両手によってより安定してスレーブ装置を動作させることができる。
また、前記制御部が、2つの指令入力部に入力された動作指令の総和に基づいて前記スレーブ装置を動作させてもよい。
このようにすることで、2つの指令入力部に入力された動作指令の組み合わせに応じたパターンでスレーブ装置を動作させることができる。
このようにすることで、2つの指令入力部によってスレーブ装置の6自由度の動作を指令することができる。
本実施形態に係るマスタスレーブシステム1は、図1に示されるように、内視鏡システムであって、操作者Oにより操作されるマスタ装置2と、スレ-ブ装置としての内視鏡4と、該内視鏡4を駆動する駆動部5と、駆動部5を制御する制御部6と、内視鏡4により取得された画像を表示する表示部(モニタ)7とを備えている。
挿入部3の先端面3aには、図2に示されるように、観察光学系の対物レンズ8が取り付けられているとともに、先端面3aから前方に向かって突出する2つの処置具(処置部)9が設けられている。処置具9はそれぞれ多関節構造を有している。また、挿入部3の先端近傍には複数の湾曲部(図示略)が設けられている。各湾曲部の湾曲を組み合わせることにより、挿入部3の先端面3aを任意の方向に移動させることができるようになっている。
駆動部5は、内視鏡4の挿入部3の挿入動作、挿入部3の湾曲動作、挿入部3の捻り動作等の駆動を挿入部3の基端側において行うようになっている。
操作者Oは、介助者に指示して患者Pの肛門から大腸内に内視鏡4の挿入部3を導入させる。操作者Oは、マスタ装置2を操作して挿入部3の湾曲部を適宜湾曲させ、内視鏡4の先端を動作させるようになっている。
また、制御部6は、マスタ装置2の処置操作部23の操作を処置具9の動作に対応付けるようになっている。ここで、操作を動作に対応づけるとは、マスタ装置2側の操作によって内視鏡4の対応部分が動作させられるようになることを意味する。
本実施形態に係るマスタスレーブシステム1を用いて患者Pの体内の観察および処置を行うには、内視鏡4の挿入部3を体腔内に挿入した状態で、操作者Oが、内視鏡4の対物レンズ8を介して観察光学系により撮影された体腔内の状態をモニタ7によって観察しながら、マスタ装置2の処置操作部23を把持して、ハンドル22および処置操作部23を操作する。
これにより、スレーブ装置である内視鏡4の挿入部3および処置具9を移動させる。
対物レンズ8が回転させられると、視野が回転するので、取得される画像内における被写体Aは、図5(c)に示されるように、視野の回転方向とは逆方向に同じ回転角度で回転させられる。同じ先端面3aに配置された対物レンズ8と処置具9とは相対位置が変化しないので、取得された画像に部分的に写っている処置具9の位置は変化しない。内視鏡操作モードと処置具操作モードとを任意に切り替えたい場合には、ステップS1,S8においてフットスイッチ24を踏むことにより切り替えればよい。
この場合には、2つの力センサ25によって同一方向の力が検出された場合に、検出された力の平均値を操作量として用いることにしてもよい。このようにすることで、より安定した操作を行うことが可能となる。また、2つの力センサ25により検出される力が大きく相違している場合には、何らかの異常があると判定してもよい。
このように2つの力センサを組み合わせることによって、例えば3軸の力センサ25を用いることで、力の3軸に加えてモーメントの3軸分の計6軸分の入力が可能となる。つまり、入力に必要な軸数以下の力センサ25を用いて、センサを安価に構成することができるとともに、力センサ25の2重化を図ることができるという利点もある。
上記のように3軸以下のセンサを使う例を示したが、4軸以上のセンサを2つ組み合せて8軸軸以上の入力としてもよい。
O 操作者
Y 長手軸(軸線)
1 マスタスレーブシステム
2 マスタ装置
3a 先端面(面)
4 内視鏡(スレーブ装置)
6 制御部
7 モニタ
8 対物レンズ(観察光学系)
9 処置具(処置部)
22 ハンドル(操作部)
23 処置操作部(操作部)
25 力センサ(指令入力部)
26a,26b,26c,26d ダイヤル(入力装置)
27 十字キー(入力装置)
28 ジョイスティック(入力装置)
29 タッチパネル(入力装置)
Claims (8)
- 被写体を撮影する観察光学系と、該観察光学系が設けられている面から突出し該観察光学系により少なくとも一部が被写体とともに撮影される処置部とを備えるスレーブ装置と、
操作者によって把持されて操作される操作部を備えるマスタ装置と、
該マスタ装置の前記操作部の操作を前記スレーブ装置の動作および前記処置部の動作に対応付ける制御部と、
前記観察光学系により取得された画像を表示するモニタとを備え、
前記操作部が、前記操作者により把持されたまま、その姿勢を変化させずに、前記スレーブ装置の動作指令を入力可能な指令入力部を備えるマスタスレーブシステム。 - 前記動作指令が、回転動作指令であり、
前記制御部が、マスタ装置の前記操作部の操作を前記スレーブ装置の前記面に交差する軸線回りの回転および前記処置部の動作に対応付ける請求項1に記載のマスタスレーブシステム。 - 前記指令入力部が、前記操作部にかかる力の方向を検出する力センサであり、
前記制御部が、前記力センサにより検出された力の方向に応じて前記スレーブ装置の動作方向を決定する請求項1または請求項2に記載のマスタスレーブシステム。 - 前記指令入力部が、前記操作部を把持している指以外の指で操作可能な位置に配置された入力装置である請求項1または請求項2に記載のマスタスレーブシステム。
- 前記操作部が、前記操作者の両手で把持されるように2箇所に設けられ、
各前記操作部に、前記指令入力部が設けられている請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載のマスタスレーブシステム。 - 前記制御部が、2つの指令入力部に入力された動作指令の平均値に基づいて前記スレーブ装置を動作させる請求項5に記載のマスタスレーブシステム。
- 前記制御部が、2つの指令入力部に入力された動作指令の総和に基づいて前記スレーブ装置を動作させる請求項5に記載のマスタスレーブシステム。
- 各前記指令入力部が、それぞれ3軸方向以下の力センサである請求項5から請求項7のいずれかに記載のマスタスレーブシステム。
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CN105101905A (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
US20160058514A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
CN105101905B (zh) | 2017-08-04 |
US9974426B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
JP6203249B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
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