WO2014155993A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014155993A1
WO2014155993A1 PCT/JP2014/001270 JP2014001270W WO2014155993A1 WO 2014155993 A1 WO2014155993 A1 WO 2014155993A1 JP 2014001270 W JP2014001270 W JP 2014001270W WO 2014155993 A1 WO2014155993 A1 WO 2014155993A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat medium
hot water
water supply
heat
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/001270
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和人 中谷
繁男 青山
山本　照夫
西山　吉継
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by パナソニック株式会社 filed Critical パナソニック株式会社
Priority to CN201480017987.6A priority Critical patent/CN105102902B/zh
Priority to EP14776050.8A priority patent/EP2980504B1/fr
Priority to JP2015508010A priority patent/JPWO2014155993A1/ja
Publication of WO2014155993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014155993A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2240/00—Characterizing positions, e.g. of sensors, inlets, outlets
    • F24D2240/26—Vertically distributed at fixed positions, e.g. multiple sensors distributed over the height of a tank, or a vertical inlet distribution pipe having a plurality of orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F24H15/38—Control of compressors of heat pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water heater.
  • a tank for storing a heat medium As a conventional hot-water supply device, there is one provided with a tank for storing a heat medium (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • this hot water supply apparatus includes a heat storage tank for storing a heat medium, a heat pump unit for heating the heat medium, a general hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water to a general hot water supply terminal, and a bathtub hot water supply for supplying hot water to a bathtub.
  • the hot water supply apparatus stores the heat medium heated by the heat pump unit in a heat storage tank, and exchanges heat between the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank and the water supplied from the water pipe in the hot water supply heat exchanger to generate hot water. .
  • the heat medium circulates only by the water circuit in which the heat pump unit and the heat storage tank are annularly connected and the hot water supply heating circuit in which the hot water heat exchanger and the heat storage tank are annularly connected. It is not supplied to the general hot water supply terminal or the bathtub. That is, the heat medium circulates in a closed circuit. Thereby, water with many hardness components does not always flow into a heat pump unit, precipitation of a scale (the calcium component etc. which became solid in water become solid) is suppressed, and water with many hardness components is useable.
  • the water circuit in which the heat pump unit and the heat storage tank are connected in a ring, and the hot water supply heating circuit in which the heat exchanger for hot water supply and the heat storage tank are connected in a ring are separately provided. There is. Also, a pump for circulating fluid is mounted in each circuit. As a result, the size of the hot water supply apparatus increases and the cost increases.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water supply apparatus which can use water with many hardness components and can be downsized and reduced in cost.
  • a heat medium circuit in which a lower portion and an upper portion of a tank storing a heat medium are annularly connected by heat medium piping, and the heat medium circulates;
  • the heat medium includes: a heating device for heating a heat medium; a pump disposed in the heat medium circuit and circulating the heat medium; and a hot water supply circuit in which water supplied from a water pipe flows to a hot water supply terminal A heat exchanger is provided to perform heat exchange between the heat medium flowing in the circuit and the water flowing in the hot water supply circuit.
  • the heat medium circuit becomes a closed circuit.
  • the heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit and the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit, the heating of the heat medium and the heating of the water supplied to the hot water supply terminal are performed. Both can be realized by one heat transfer medium circuit.
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention Graph showing solubility curve of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention The schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 4 of this invention The schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 5 of this invention
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 6 of this invention The schematic block diagram of the hot-water supply apparatus in Embodiment 7 of this invention
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 8 of this invention (A) Perspective view showing the outline of the three-way heat exchanger of the hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 9 of the present invention (b) The sectional view showing the outline of the three-way heat exchanger
  • the schematic block diagram of the hot water supply apparatus in Embodiment 10 of this invention Sche
  • a heat medium circuit in which a lower portion and an upper portion of a tank storing the heat medium are annularly connected by heat medium piping, and the heat medium circulates the heat medium, a heating device which heats the heat medium, A heat medium circuit through which the medium circulates, a pump disposed in the heat medium circuit and circulating the heat medium, and a hot water supply circuit through which water supplied from a water pipe flows to a hot water supply terminal; It is a hot water supply apparatus characterized by providing a heat exchanger which performs heat exchange between the heat medium flowing in the circuit and the water flowing in the hot water supply circuit.
  • the heat medium circuit becomes a closed circuit. Further, the tap water is heated by the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit. Therefore, the precipitation of scale (the calcium component in water becomes solid) in the heat medium circuit in the vicinity of the heating device in the high temperature part in the water heating apparatus is suppressed. Thus, it is possible to provide a water heater that can use water containing a large amount of hardness components.
  • the water supplied from the water pipe and flowing into the hot water supply circuit flows to the hot water supply terminal by the pressure (water pressure) of the water flowing through the water pipe.
  • the pressure water pressure
  • the flow rate of the hot water supplied from the hot water supply terminal can be secured. Therefore, the usability of the user can be improved.
  • heating of the heat medium and heating of the water supplied to the hot water supply terminal can be performed by one heat medium circuit, and the number of pumps can be reduced. Therefore, downsizing and cost reduction of the hot water supply apparatus can be achieved.
  • the heating medium circuit is provided with a heating unit in which the heating medium is heated by the heating device, and the heat exchanger flows through the heating medium flow path. And a water flow path through which the water flows.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger heat exchange is performed between the water supplied from the water pipe and the heat medium, but the temperature of the hot water supplied to the shower, caran and bath as a general hot water supply terminal is the highest. In the case it is around 50 degrees. Since the deposition of scale is more likely to occur as the temperature of water is higher, the deposition of scale is less likely to occur in a hot water supply heat exchanger having a temperature lower than that of the heating unit.
  • the heating device is a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a radiator, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator are annularly connected and the refrigerant is circulated therein.
  • the radiator is configured to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the heat medium flowing in the heat medium circuit.
  • a heating operation in which the refrigerant and the heat medium flow oppositely, and in the hot water supply heat exchanger, the heat medium and the water oppose each other
  • a controller for performing a hot-water supply operation that flows.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the heating operation which heats a heat carrier can be improved by making the flow of a refrigerant and the flow of a heat carrier into an opposite flow.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the hot-water supply operation which heats water can be improved by making the flow of a heat carrier and the flow of water into a countercurrent flow. That is, the energy saving property of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved while using one heat medium circuit for both the heating operation and the hot water supply operation.
  • the control device causes the radiator to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium, and the hot water supply heat exchanger performs the heat medium and the water. It is characterized in that a hot water supply auxiliary operation is performed to exchange heat.
  • the control device operates the heat pump device to heat the heat medium with the radiator and heat the water with the hot water supply heat exchanger. Thereby, hot water can be supplied to the hot water supply terminal.
  • hot water when the high temperature heat medium in the tank decreases, hot water can be generated by simultaneously performing both the heating of the heat medium by the refrigerant and the heating of the water by the heat medium.
  • a hot water supply device with improved comfort can be realized.
  • the heating device is a heat pump device having a refrigerant circuit through which a refrigerant circulates to heat the heat medium, and the heat exchanger constitutes the refrigerant circuit.
  • the three-way heat exchanger has a refrigerant flow path, a heat medium flow path forming the heat transfer medium circuit, and a hot water supply flow path forming the hot water supply circuit.
  • the heat medium circuit becomes a closed circuit. Further, the tap water is heated by the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit. Therefore, the precipitation of scale (the calcium component in water becomes solid) in the heat medium circuit in the vicinity of the heating device in the high temperature part in the water heating apparatus is suppressed. Thus, it is possible to provide a water heater that can use water containing a large amount of hardness components.
  • the water supplied from the water pipe and flowing into the hot water supply circuit flows to the hot water supply terminal by the pressure (water pressure) of the water flowing through the water pipe.
  • the pressure water pressure
  • the flow rate of the hot water supplied from the hot water supply terminal can be secured. Therefore, the usability of the user can be improved.
  • heating of the heat medium and heating of the water supplied to the hot water supply terminal can be performed by one heat medium circuit and one three-way heat exchanger, and the number of pumps can be reduced. Therefore, downsizing and cost reduction of the hot water supply apparatus can be achieved.
  • the water supplied from the water pipe is heated, but the temperature of hot water supplied to the shower, caran and bath as a general hot water supply terminal is 50 degrees at the highest. It is an extent. Since deposition of scale is more likely to occur as the temperature of water is higher, deposition of scale is less likely to occur in the hot water supply channel.
  • the three-way heat exchanger is characterized in that the refrigerant passage, the heat medium passage, and the hot water passage are in contact with each other. It is a thing.
  • a three-way heat exchanger in which the refrigerant channel, the heat medium channel, and the hot water supply channel are integrated is configured. Therefore, the miniaturization of the three-way heat exchanger can be realized and the water heater can be miniaturized.
  • a heating operation in which the refrigerant and the heat medium flow oppositely in which the refrigerant and the heat medium flow oppositely, and in the three-way heat exchanger, the heat medium and the heat medium. It is characterized by providing the control apparatus which performs the hot-water supply driving
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the heating operation which heats a heat carrier can be improved by making the flow of a refrigerant and the flow of a heat carrier into an opposite flow.
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the hot-water supply operation which heats water can be improved by making the flow of a heat carrier and the flow of water into a countercurrent flow. That is, the energy saving property of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved while using one heat medium circuit for both the heating operation and the hot water supply operation.
  • control device executes a hot water supply assistance operation in which the refrigerant, the heat medium, and the water flow into the three-way heat exchanger to heat the water. It is characterized by
  • the control device operates the heat pump device to flow the refrigerant, the heat medium, and the water into the three-way heat exchanger to heat the water. Thereby, hot water can be supplied to the hot water supply terminal.
  • hot water when the high temperature heat medium in the tank decreases, hot water can be generated by simultaneously performing both the heating of the heat medium by the refrigerant and the heating of the water by the heat medium.
  • a hot water supply device with improved comfort can be realized.
  • the control apparatus further comprises a thermistor for detecting the temperature of the heat medium stored in the tank, and the control device is configured to supply the temperature of hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal.
  • the emergency hot water flow in which the refrigerant and the water flow in opposite directions It is characterized by performing driving.
  • An eleventh invention is characterized in that, particularly in any of the first to tenth inventions, the heat medium circuit has a switching valve for switching the circulation direction of the heat medium.
  • the circulation direction of the heat medium can be switched by the switching valve. That is, only by disposing one pump in the heat medium circuit, the flow of the refrigerant and the flow of the heat medium in the three-way heat exchanger are made to be countercurrents, and the flow of the heat medium and water in the three-way heat exchanger And the opposite flow. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved.
  • the pump is a reversible pump capable of reversing the circulation direction of the heat medium.
  • the circulation direction of the heat medium can be switched by the reversible pump. That is, only by disposing one pump in the heat medium circuit, the refrigerant flow and the heat medium flow in the three-way heat exchanger are made to be opposite flows, and the heat medium flow and the water flow in the exchanger Can be countercurrent. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved.
  • the thirteenth aspect further comprises a shutoff valve for closing the flow path, and further comprising a supply pipe connected above the hot water storage tank. is there.
  • the shutoff valve can be opened to replenish the heat medium circuit with the heat medium.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit does not freeze. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach a heater for freezing prevention operation which prevents freezing by circulating only a pump and circulating a heat medium in a heat medium circuit, or a freeze prevention heater.
  • a fourteenth invention according to any one of the first to the twelfth inventions comprises a pressure reducing valve or a shutoff valve for closing the flow passage, and branching from the hot water supply circuit upstream of the three-way heat exchanger. And a water inlet pipe connected to the lower portion of the tank.
  • the heat transfer medium inside the heat medium circuit can always be made a fixed amount or more.
  • the work of replenishing the heat medium is simplified.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the water heating apparatus of the present embodiment uses a heat pump apparatus 30 as a heating apparatus.
  • the heat pump device 30 includes the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • the water heating apparatus in the present embodiment includes a heat pump unit 1, a tank unit 2, and a control device 50 that controls the water heating apparatus.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected to each other by a connection pipe 23.
  • the present embodiment is configured to use water supplied from a water pipe as a heat medium.
  • the heat pump unit 1 constitutes a heat pump device 30, and a part of a refrigerant circuit 3 in which the refrigerant circulates is housed.
  • the tank unit 2 accommodates a part of the refrigerant circuit 3 and the heat medium circuit 4 in which the heat medium circulates.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 includes a compressor 5 that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator 8 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and a heat medium, a decompression device 6 that decompresses the refrigerant, and heat exchange between the refrigerant and air.
  • the evaporators 7 to be connected are sequentially connected in an annular shape by refrigerant pipes.
  • the radiator 8 is disposed in the tank unit 2, and the compressor 5, the pressure reducing device 6, and the evaporator 7 are disposed in the heat pump unit 1.
  • the pressure reducing device 6 for example, an electric expansion valve is used.
  • a blower fan 9 for blowing air to the evaporator 7 is disposed in the heat pump unit 1.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 in which the heat medium circulates is the lower portion of the tank 11 where the heat medium is stored, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 which performs heat exchange between water and the heat medium, the radiator 8, and the upper portion of the tank 11 (FIG. 1 In the above, the upper side is provided, but the top may be connected in an annular fashion by the heat medium piping.
  • the radiator 8 has a refrigerant flow path 8a through which the refrigerant flows, and a heat medium flow path (heating unit) 8b through which the heat medium flows. Further, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 has a heat medium channel 13a and a water channel 13b. As the radiator 8 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, for example, a plate type heat exchanger or a double pipe type heat exchanger is used.
  • a thermistor 22e for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the upper portion of the tank 11. Further, in the heat medium circuit 4 between the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 and the lower part of the tank 11, a thermistor 22f for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is disposed.
  • a pump 14 for circulating the heat medium is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the tank 11 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. Furthermore, a switching valve 15 is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the tank 11 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. The switching valve 15 switches the flow path of the heat medium circuit 4 as a switching device to reverse the circulation direction of the heat medium. That is, by the switching valve 15, the heat medium flows out from the upper portion of the tank 11 and flows in the lower portion of the tank 11, and the heat medium flows out from the lower portion of the tank 11 and flows in the upper portion of the tank 11. Can be switched.
  • the switching valve 15 is provided with an inlet or an outlet in four directions so that the circulation direction of the heat medium can be switched. As shown in FIG. 1, the switching valve 15 can switch between a flow path shown by a solid line and a flow path shown by a broken line.
  • the hot water supply circuit 16 is a circuit in which the water from the water pipe flows toward the hot water supply terminal 17 such as a water bath, a bath and a shower head.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 the water and the heat medium exchange heat to generate hot water.
  • the generated hot water flows through the hot water supply circuit 16 and is supplied from the hot water supply terminal 17 to the user.
  • a thermistor 22d for detecting the temperature of water and a flow switch 10 for detecting the flow of water are arranged.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 branches from the hot water supply circuit 16 on the upstream side of the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 with respect to the flow direction of water in the hot water supply circuit 16 and is connected to the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 19 that reduces the pressure of the water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure reducing valve 19 that reduces the pressure of the water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure removing device is configured to reduce the pressure in the heat medium circuit 4.
  • the tank 11 is provided with thermistors 22a, 22b, 22c for measuring the temperature of the heat medium in the tank 11.
  • connection pipe 23 is a refrigerant pipe that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected to each other by the connection pipe 23 when the water heater is installed.
  • the lead wire which connects a remote control (not shown) and the heat pump unit 1 and the power wire which connects the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are also connected at the time of installation of a hot-water supply apparatus.
  • the hot water supply device After the hot water supply device is installed, when the pressure relief valve 20 is opened with the hot water supply terminal 17 closed, water flows into the hot water supply circuit 16 and flows through the water inlet pipe 18 and passes through the pressure reducing valve 19. Flow into Thereafter, water also flows into the heat medium circuit 4 and the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 are filled with water. Whether or not the heat medium circuit 4 and the tank 11 are filled with water can be determined by whether or not water is flowing out of the piping 21. That is, if water flows out, the heat medium circuit 4 and the inside of the tank 11 will be filled with water.
  • the water heater in the present embodiment uses water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18 and flowing into the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 as a heat medium.
  • the pressure in the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 decreases.
  • the pressure in the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 decreases to a certain value or more, the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 flows through the water inlet pipe 18 and automatically flows into the tank 11. Therefore, it is not necessary for the user of the hot water supply device to replenish the heat medium.
  • the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 from the water pipe flows to the hot water supply terminal 17 by the pressure of the water flowing through the water pipe.
  • the pressure (water pressure) of the water flowing through the water pipe is higher than the pressure of the water pumped by the pump 14. For this reason, the amount of hot and cold water flowing out of the hot water supply terminal 17 can be secured at a certain level or more, and the comfort of the user is improved.
  • control device 50 operates the heat pump device 30 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the radiator 8, and the solid arrow shown in FIG.
  • the switching valve 15 and the pump 14 are controlled so that the heat medium circulates in the direction.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat with the radiator 8.
  • the heat medium flows in the flow path shown by the solid line of the switching valve 15.
  • the heat medium flows through the lower portion of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, and the radiator 8 in this order, and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • control device 50 activates the compressor 5 of the heat pump device 30 to compress the refrigerant to a high pressure.
  • the refrigerant that has been compressed to a high temperature and pressure passes through the connection pipe 23 and flows into the radiator 8 disposed inside the tank unit 2.
  • radiator 8 heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant in the vapor phase state of high temperature and pressure and the heat medium which is pressure-fed by the pump 14 and flows through the heat medium circuit 4. Thereby, the heat transfer medium is heated and a high temperature heat transfer medium is generated.
  • the high temperature heat medium flows out of the radiator 8, flows through the heat medium circuit 4, and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • the refrigerant is condensed by heat exchange with the heat medium in the radiator 8 to be in a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state or liquid state. Thereafter, the refrigerant is decompressed and expanded by the decompression device 6 and flows into the evaporator 7. In the evaporator 7, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air blown by the blower fan 9 and evaporates to be in the gas phase. The refrigerant in the gas phase flows into the compressor 4 again.
  • the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit 3, and the heat medium circulates through the heat medium circuit 4, and the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat with the radiator 8 to be stored inside the tank 11.
  • the heating medium is heated.
  • the control device 50 may control the heat pump device 30 and the rotational speed of the pump 14 so that the temperature of the heat medium detected by the thermistor 22 e becomes a predetermined value.
  • the heat medium heated to a high temperature by the radiator 8 flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • the high temperature heat medium is stored in the tank 11. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium stored in the tank 11 is higher at the upper part of the tank 11 and lower at the lower part of the tank 11.
  • thermal stratification of the heat medium is formed inside the tank 11.
  • the dashed-dotted line inside the tank 11 shown in FIG. 1 shows this temperature stratification, and the higher it is, the higher the temperature is.
  • the heat medium inside the tank 11 is divided into a high temperature area of a substantially constant temperature, a transition area in which the temperature sharply drops, and a low temperature area.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the lower portion of the tank 11 during the heating operation is in the low temperature range. Therefore, the temperature rise of the heat medium flowing into the radiator 8 is suppressed until all the heat medium inside the tank 11 becomes high temperature.
  • the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is high when the heat medium flowing into the radiator 8 is low. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is improved.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat in the radiator 8 to generate a high-temperature heat medium.
  • the control device 50 controls the switching valve 15 such that the flow direction of the refrigerant flow passage 8a and the flow direction of the heat medium flow passage 8b face each other. That is, the temperature change of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 8a and the temperature change of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium passage 8b face each other.
  • the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant flow passage 8a at a high temperature, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and has a lower temperature than when flowing in, and flows out from the refrigerant flow passage 8a.
  • the heat medium flows into the heat medium channel 8b at a low temperature, exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and becomes higher temperature than when flowing in, and flows out from the heat medium channel 8b.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat in a state where the temperature difference is maintained at a certain level or more. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency in the radiator 8 is improved. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is improved.
  • the hot water supply operation is an operation of generating hot water to be supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 by heating water with a high temperature heat medium stored inside the tank 11.
  • the hot water supply terminal 17 When the hot water supply terminal 17 is opened by the user, the water in the hot water supply circuit 16 flows out of the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the flow switch 10 detects the flow of water in the hot water supply circuit 16, the hot water supply operation is started.
  • the hot water supply operation may be started, for example, when the user gives an instruction from a remote control (not shown).
  • the control device 50 switches so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG.
  • the valve 15 and the pump 14 are controlled.
  • the controller 50 may control the number of rotations of the pump 14 so that the temperature detected by the thermistor 22 d becomes a predetermined value.
  • the control device 50 controls the pump 14 and the switching valve 15 so that the heat medium flows in the direction indicated by the broken line arrow shown in FIG. 1.
  • the high temperature heat medium stored in the upper part of the tank 11 flows out from the upper part of the tank 11, flows through the heat medium circuit 4, passes through the radiator 8, and then flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13.
  • the heat medium flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 flows through the hot water supply circuit 16 and exchanges heat with the water flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. This produces hot water.
  • the generated hot water flows through the hot water supply circuit 16 and flows out from the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 is configured such that the flow direction of the heat medium flow passage 13a and the flow direction of the hot water supply flow passage 13b face each other in the hot water supply operation. That is, the temperature change of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage 13a and the temperature change of the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 13b are configured to face each other.
  • the heat medium flows into the heat medium channel 13a in a high temperature state, exchanges heat with water, and becomes cooler than when it flows in, and flows out from the heat medium channel 13a.
  • water flows into the hot water supply flow passage 13b at a low temperature, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and becomes hotter than when it flows in, and flows out from the hot water supply flow passage 13b.
  • the heat medium and the water exchange heat in a state where the temperature difference is maintained at a certain level or more. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 is improved.
  • the heat medium which exchanges heat with water in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 and whose temperature is lowered flows through the switching valve 15, the pump 14 and the switching valve 15, and flows into the tank 11 from the lower part. Therefore, when the hot water supply operation is performed, the amount of the heat medium in the low temperature range increases in the tank 11. As described above, the heat medium whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange with water in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 flows from the lower portion of the tank 11 into the low temperature area. Therefore, the water can be heated while maintaining the temperature stratification inside the tank 11.
  • the hot water supply operation and the heating operation are performed while maintaining the temperature stratification of the heat medium in the tank 11. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 can be improved. Moreover, it becomes possible to adjust the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the control device 50 sets the temperature of the hot water detected by the thermistor 22d to the set temperature.
  • the rotation speed can be controlled. Thereby, the hot water of the temperature which the user set from the hot-water supply terminal 17 is supplied.
  • the hot water supply terminal 17 has a temperature control function, it is not necessary to control the rotational speed of the pump 14 to adjust the temperature of the generated hot water, and the hot water of the predetermined temperature is supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 Supply it to the
  • the switching valve 15 can switch the circulation direction of the heat medium. That is, in the heating operation, the heat medium flows in the order of the lower part of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the radiator 8 and the upper part of the tank 11. On the other hand, in the hot water supply operation, the heat medium flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the radiator 8, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 executes the heating operation, the heat exchange efficiency is improved in the radiator 8 because the refrigerant and the heat medium flow opposite to each other. Furthermore, when the control device 50 executes the hot water supply operation, in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by the heat medium and the water flowing opposite to each other. Thereby, energy saving of the hot water supply apparatus can be realized.
  • the heat medium can be flowed in different circulation directions by one heat medium circuit 4 and one pump 14, the downsizing and cost reduction of the water heater can be realized while improving the operation efficiency of the water heater. can do.
  • the number of pumps 14 can be reduced to reduce noise and vibration caused by the operation of the pumps 14.
  • the pump 14 is disposed inside the tank unit 2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the resonance between the vibration generated by the operation of the compressor 5 and the vibration generated by the operation of the pump 14. Therefore, while reducing noise, the usage-amount of a sound-insulation material can be reduced and cost reduction of a hot-water supply apparatus can be implement
  • the switching valve 15 is cheaper than the pump 14, and the control circuit for operating the switching valve 15 is cheaper than the control circuit for operating the pump 14. Therefore, comparing the case where the heat medium is circulated using two pumps 14 and the case where the heat medium is circulated using the pump 14 and the switching valve 15, the pump 14 and the switching valve 15 are used in combination. It is less expensive to circulate the heat medium.
  • the hot water supply operation is performed with a small amount of heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11, the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 can not be sufficiently heated even by the heat exchange between the heat medium and water performed by the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. There is a case.
  • the control device 50 can detect that the heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11 is less than a predetermined value based on the detection values of the thermistors 22a to 22c attached to the tank 11.
  • the control device heats the heat medium by the heat pump device 30 and heats water by the heat medium. Execute hot water supply auxiliary operation which is performed in parallel.
  • the predetermined value in this case is set from the design value of the water heater such as the heat capacity that can be stored in the tank 11, the head of the pump 14, and the like.
  • the hot water supply assistance operation may be performed by the user performing an instruction from the remote control.
  • the control device 50 controls the heat pump device 30, the pump 14, and the switching valve 15.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 3 in the direction of the solid line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium circulates the inside of the heat medium circuit 4 in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG. That is, the heat medium flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the radiator 8, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the circulation direction of the heat medium is the same.
  • the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 from the water pipe exchanges heat with the heat medium in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 to become hot water of a predetermined temperature, and flows to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the heat medium before flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 can be heated by the radiator 8. Therefore, even when the heat medium in the high temperature range is small, the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 8 can be raised, and the heated heat medium can be made to flow into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13.
  • water can be heated in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, hot water can be generated, and a highly usable hot water supply device can be realized.
  • the radiator 8 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 be disposed in the same casing. Thereby, the amount of heat (heat radiation loss) radiated from the heat medium circuit 16 between the radiator 8 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 can be reduced.
  • the amount of hot and cold water flowing out from the hot water supply terminal 17 is large, the amount of heat released by the heat medium in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 may be larger than the amount of heat absorbed by the heat medium in the heat pump device 30. Therefore, when performing the hot water supply assistance operation, it is preferable to increase the heating capacity of the heat pump device 30 (for example, 20 kW) as compared to the case where the hot water supply assistance operation is not performed.
  • control device 50 when the control device 50 detects that the heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11 is smaller than the predetermined value, the control device 50 heats the heat pump device 30 when the hot water supply assistance operation is performed. It is preferable to control to maximize the capacity.
  • the remote control has a selection means for selecting whether or not to execute the hot water supply assistance operation automatically. That is, it is preferable to have means for prohibiting the hot water supply apparatus from automatically performing the hot water supply assistance operation. Thereby, the user can select whether or not to execute the hot water supply assistance operation having a low operation efficiency as compared with the hot water supply operation. Therefore, the usability of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved.
  • the hot-water supply apparatus in this Embodiment can use the water which contains many hardness components. The reason is explained below.
  • the topography is gentle and the length of the river is long.
  • the amount of the hardness component dissolved in the water flowing in the river is large, and the water supplied from the water pipe is hard compared to Japan. There are many cases.
  • a large amount of a hardness component such as calcium carbonate is dissolved.
  • the hardness component decreases in solubility as the temperature of water increases, and has the property of depositing as scale.
  • scale may deposit in the high temperature part of the hot water supply apparatus and adhere to the flow path, which may block the flow path. Further, even if the flow path is not blocked, if the scale adheres to the flow path, the pressure loss increases and the operation efficiency of the water heater deteriorates.
  • the solubility of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), which is one of the hardness components, tends to decrease as the temperature of water increases, as shown in FIG. That is, the higher the temperature of water, the more likely the hardness component in the water is deposited as a scale and adheres to the flow path.
  • CaCO 3 calcium carbonate
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is a closed circuit. Therefore, when the pressure in the heat medium circuit 4 rises and a small amount of heat medium is discharged from the piping 21, the heat medium circuit 4 is newly refilled with water.
  • the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit 4 is used without being replaced for a long time, and no new hardness component is supplied, so that it is possible to suppress the deposition and the deposition of the scale in the heat medium channel 8b.
  • Fresh water is always supplied to the hot water supply flow path 13b of the hot water supply heat exchanger 13.
  • the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 such as the curry, the bathtub, and the shower head is about 50 degrees at the maximum. Therefore, in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 whose temperature is lower than that of the radiator 8, the deposition of the scale hardly occurs.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 is branched from the hot water supply circuit 16 on the upstream side of the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 and is connected to the lower part of the tank 11 and a pressure reducing valve 19 is disposed in the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure reducing valve 19 is disposed in the water inlet pipe 18.
  • shutoff valve instead of the pressure reducing valve 19, water (heat medium) can be supplied to the heat medium circuit 4 whose pressure has dropped to a predetermined value or more by opening the shut off valve.
  • the heat pump unit 1 in the present embodiment a compressor 5, a pressure reducing device 6, an evaporator 7, and a blower fan 9 are disposed.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected by a connection pipe 23 through which the refrigerant flows.
  • the heat pump unit 1 has the same configuration as the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. Thereby, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner and the heat pump unit 1 can be shared.
  • the refrigerant is the R410A refrigerant usually used in an air conditioner, the connection of the connection piping 23 at the time of construction becomes easy.
  • connection pipe 23 through which the refrigerant circulates, the refrigerant in the connection pipe 23 does not freeze and there is no need to perform a freeze prevention operation or the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the water heating apparatus includes a heat medium circuit 4 in which a lower portion of a tank 11, a radiator 8, a hot water supply heat exchanger 13, and an upper portion of the tank 11 are annularly connected.
  • a pump 14 and a switching valve 15 are disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the lower portion of the tank 11 and the radiator 8.
  • the heat medium circulates the heat medium circuit 4 in the order of the lower part of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the radiator 8, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, and the upper part of the tank 11. Further, when the hot water supply operation is performed, the heat medium is the heat medium circuit 4 in the upper part of the tank 11, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the radiator 8, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the lower part of the tank 11. It circulates in order.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment includes a heat pump unit 1 in which a heat pump device 30 is disposed. Inside the heat pump unit 1, a refrigerant circuit 3 and a blower fan 9 are disposed.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 includes a compressor 5 that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator 8 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and a heat medium, a decompression device 6 that decompresses the refrigerant, and an evaporator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air. 7 are sequentially connected in an annular fashion by the refrigerant pipe. Carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected to each other by a connection pipe 24 through which a heat medium circulates. That is, the connection pipe 24 constitutes a part of the heat medium circuit 4.
  • carbon dioxide having a global warming potential of zero (0) can be used as the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • Carbon dioxide has a lower critical temperature temperature than conventionally used HFC refrigerants such as R410A and R32. Therefore, when carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, a supercritical cycle in which the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 3 exceeds the critical point is configured.
  • the heat medium can be heated to a high temperature (for example, 85 degrees) as compared with the HFC refrigerant such as R410A and R32. Further, since the heat medium can be heated to a high temperature, the amount of heat stored in the tank 11 can be increased, and the size of the tank 11 can be reduced.
  • the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 3 is higher (for example, 8 MPa) as compared to the case where the HFC refrigerant is used. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the pressure resistance of the refrigerant pipe.
  • the radiator 8 is disposed in the heat pump unit 1, and the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected by the connection pipe 24 through which the heat medium circulates. Therefore, the refrigerant does not flow in the connection pipe 24. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the pressure resistance of the connection pipe 23 excessively. Therefore, the installation work at the time of installing a hot water supply apparatus can be made easy.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment has an integral unit 25 in which a heat pump device 30, a heat medium circuit 4, a hot water supply circuit 16, a water inlet pipe 18, and a pipe 21 are disposed.
  • the construction time when installing a hot-water supply apparatus can be shortened. Moreover, since there is no connection piping, heat radiation from the connection piping can be prevented.
  • the radiator 8 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 can be disposed close to each other, and the heat radiation loss from the heat medium circuit 4 can be reduced.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the water heater of the present embodiment is provided with a supply pipe 27 connected to the upper portion of the tank 11 and having a shutoff valve 26 capable of closing and opening the flow path.
  • the tank 11 also includes a liquid level sensor 28 that detects the amount of heat medium stored in the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 can detect a decrease in the amount of the heat medium by the liquid level sensor 28 and display it on the remote control to notify the user.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is a closed circuit in which the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, and the radiator 8 are annularly connected and completed. As a result, water having a large amount of hardness does not flow into the radiator 8. Thus, scale precipitation and deposition can be suppressed.
  • An expansion tank 29 is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the upper portion of the tank 11 to adjust the pressure inside the heat medium circuit 4 when the heat medium expands.
  • shutoff valve 26 can be opened to replenish the heat transfer medium from the supply pipe 27 into the tank 11.
  • the heat medium may be water as a main component, or may be a heat medium having a higher specific heat or thermal conductivity than water.
  • Galistan which is a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium and tin can be used. This can prevent the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 4 from freezing.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot-water supply device in the present embodiment is provided with a reversible pump 31 as a pump for pressure-feeding the heat medium.
  • the reversible pump 31 has a function of reversing the circulation direction of the heat medium flowing inside the heat medium circuit 4. That is, the reversible pump 31 functions as a switching device that reverses the circulation direction of the heat medium. Therefore, the circulation direction of the heat medium can be changed without using the switching valve.
  • the control device 50 controls the reversible pump 31 so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the solid line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit 4 flows in the order of the lower part of the tank 11, the reversible pump 31, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the radiator 8, and the upper part of the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 controls the heat pump device 30 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the radiator 8.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the radiator 8 exchanges heat with the heat medium, and a high-temperature heat medium is generated.
  • the generated heat medium flows through the heat medium circuit 4 and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • a high temperature heat medium is stored inside the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 may control the reversible pump 31 and the heat pump device 30 such that the detection value of the thermistor 22e becomes a predetermined value.
  • the control device 50 controls the reversible pump 31 so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG. 7.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit 4 flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the radiator 8, the hot water supply heat exchanger 13, the reversible pump 31, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the heat medium flowing inside the heat medium circuit 4 exchanges heat with the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. This produces hot water.
  • the control device 50 detects the temperature flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 by the thermistor 22e, and based on the detected value, the thermistor The rotational speed of the reversible pump 31 can be controlled so that the temperature of the hot water detected at 22 d becomes the set temperature.
  • the control device 50 needs to appropriately control the number of rotations of the reversible pump 31 to adjust the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • hot water of a predetermined temperature or more may be supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • both the heating operation and the hot water supply operation can be performed by one heat medium circuit 4 and one reversible pump 31.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the other embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 includes the main flow path 4 a provided with the radiator 8 and the sub flow path 4 b provided with the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. There is.
  • the sub flow path 4 b is provided in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the upper portion of the tank 11 and the branch point P provided in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the switching valve 15. Connect with branch point Q. That is, the sub flow path 4 b has a function as a bypass path which bypasses the radiator 8.
  • the thermistor 22 f is provided in the heat medium circuit 4 between the branch point P and the switching valve 15, and the thermistor 22 e is provided in the heat medium circuit 4 between the branch point Q and the upper portion of the tank 11. Is preferred.
  • the branch point P is provided in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the reversible pump 31.
  • the thermistor 22 f is preferably provided between the branch point P and the reversible pump 31.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is provided with a flow path switching device (not shown) for selectively flowing the heat medium to any one of the main flow path 4a and the sub flow path 4b.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 has a plurality of circulation paths depending on whether the heat medium flows in the main flow path 4 a or the heat medium flows in the sub flow path 4 b.
  • the channel switching device can be realized in a plurality of ways.
  • the flow path switching device can be realized by providing the main flow path 4a and the sub flow path 4b with a shutoff valve capable of closing the flow path. That is, when the heat medium is allowed to flow through the main flow path 4a, the pump 14 is opened with the first close valve provided in the main flow path 4a open and the second close valve provided in the sub flow path 4b closed. You can drive the On the other hand, in the case where the heat medium flows in the sub flow passage 4b, the pump 14 may be operated in a state in which the first close valve is closed and the second close valve provided in the sub flow passage 4b is opened.
  • the flow path switching device can be realized. That is, when the heat medium flows in the main flow path 4a, the three-way valve is switched to the main flow path 4a side, and when the heat medium flows in the sub flow path 4b, the three-way valve is switched to the sub flow path 4b side
  • the pump 14 may be operated.
  • the flow path switching device is not limited to these modes as long as the heat medium can flow in either the main flow path 4a or the sub flow path 4b, and other methods may be used. I don't care.
  • the control device 50 controls the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the flow path switching device so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the solid line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium flows through the heat medium circuit 4 to the main flow path 4a via the lower portion of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14 and the switching valve 15, and the heating medium 30 is heated by the heating medium flow path 8b. Flow to the top of the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 controls the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the flow path switching device so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the dotted arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium flows through the heat medium circuit 4 from the upper part of the tank 11 to the sub-flow path 4b, and heats the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. 14 flows into the lower part of the tank 11 via the switching valve 15.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is provided with the main flow path 4a in which the radiator 8 is disposed and the sub flow path 4b in which the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 is disposed, and the main flow path 4a and the sub flow path 4b
  • the heat dissipation loss from the heat medium circuit 4 can be reduced by properly using. That is, since the control device 50 controls the heat medium to flow only in the main flow path 4a in the heating operation, the heat radiation loss of the heat medium in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 can be reduced. Further, since the control device 50 controls the heat medium to flow only in the sub flow path 4b in the hot water supply operation, the heat radiation loss of the heat medium in the radiator 8 can be reduced. Further, heating of the heat medium and heating of the water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 can be performed by one pump. As a result, downsizing and cost reduction of the water heater can be achieved.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water heating apparatus of the present embodiment uses a heat pump apparatus 30 as a heating apparatus.
  • the heat pump device 30 includes the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • the water heating apparatus in the present embodiment includes a heat pump unit 1, a tank unit 2, and a control device 50 that controls the water heating apparatus.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected to each other by a connection pipe 23.
  • the present embodiment is configured to use water supplied from a water pipe as a heat medium.
  • the heat pump unit 1 houses a part of a refrigerant circuit 3 in which a refrigerant circulates.
  • the tank unit 2 accommodates a part of the refrigerant circuit 3 and the heat medium circuit 4 in which the heat medium circulates.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 includes a compressor 5 for compressing the refrigerant, a refrigerant flow path 60a disposed in the three-way heat exchanger 60, a pressure reducing device 6 for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant, and a space between the refrigerant and air.
  • the evaporator 7, which performs heat exchange are connected in an annular fashion by refrigerant piping.
  • the three-way heat exchanger 60 is disposed in the tank unit 2, and the compressor 5, the pressure reducing device 6, and the evaporator 7 are disposed in the heat pump unit 1.
  • the pressure reducing device 6 for example, an electric expansion valve is used.
  • a blower fan 9 for blowing air to the evaporator 7 is disposed in the heat pump unit 1.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 in which the heat medium circulates is the lower part of the tank 11 where the heat medium is stored, the heat medium channel 60b disposed in the three-way heat exchanger 60, the upper part of the tank 11 (the upper side in FIG. However, the top part may be connected in an annular fashion by heat medium piping.
  • the three-way heat exchanger 60 has a refrigerant flow passage 60a, a heat medium flow passage 60b, and a hot water supply flow passage 60c.
  • the hot water supply flow path 60c constitutes a part of the hot water supply circuit 16 through which the water supplied from the water pipe flows.
  • the three-way heat exchanger 60 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant flow passage 60a, the heat medium flowing in the heat medium flow passage 60b, and the water flowing in the hot water supply flow passage 60c. That is, in the three-way heat exchanger 60, a radiator for performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat medium, and a hot water supply heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between the heat medium and water are integrated. It is.
  • the refrigerant flow passage 60a, the heat medium flow passage 60b, and the hot water supply flow passage 60c are disposed in parallel in order.
  • a thermistor 22e for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the three-way heat exchanger 60 and the upper portion of the tank 11. Further, in the heat medium circuit 4 between the three-way heat exchanger 60 and the lower part of the tank 11, a thermistor 22f for detecting the temperature of the heat medium is disposed.
  • a pump 14 for circulating the heat medium is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the tank 11 and the three-way heat exchanger 60. Furthermore, a switching valve 15 is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the tank 11 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. The switching valve 15 switches the flow path of the heat medium circuit 4 as a switching device to reverse the circulation direction of the heat medium. That is, by the switching valve 15, the heat medium flows out from the upper portion of the tank 11 and flows in the lower portion of the tank 11, and the heat medium flows out from the lower portion of the tank 11 and flows in the upper portion of the tank 11. Can be switched.
  • the switching valve 15 is provided with an inlet or an outlet in four directions so that the circulation direction of the heat medium can be switched. As shown in FIG. 9, the switching valve 15 can switch between the flow path shown by a solid line and the flow path shown by a broken line.
  • the hot water supply circuit 16 is a circuit in which the water from the water pipe flows toward the hot water supply terminal 17 such as a water bath, a bath and a shower head. In the three-way heat exchanger 60, hot water is produced. The generated hot water flows through the hot water supply circuit 16 and is supplied from the hot water supply terminal 17 to the user. In the hot water supply circuit 16 between the three-way heat exchanger 60 and the hot water supply terminal 17, a thermistor 22d for detecting the temperature of water and a flow switch 10 for detecting the flow of water are arranged.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 branches from the hot water supply circuit 16 on the upstream side of the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 with respect to the flow direction of water in the hot water supply circuit 16 and is connected to the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 19 that reduces the pressure of the water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure reducing valve 19 that reduces the pressure of the water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure removing device is configured to reduce the pressure in the heat medium circuit 4.
  • the tank 11 is provided with thermistors 22a, 22b, 22c for measuring the temperature of the heat medium in the tank 11.
  • connection pipe 23 is a refrigerant pipe that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected to each other by the connection pipe 23 when the water heater is installed.
  • the lead wire which connects a remote control (not shown) and the heat pump unit 1 and the power wire which connects the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are also connected at the time of installation of a hot-water supply apparatus.
  • the water flowing through the water pipe flows into the hot water supply circuit 16 and flows through the water inlet pipe 18 and passes through the pressure reducing valve 19 Flow into the tank 11.
  • water also flows into the heat medium circuit 4 and the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 are filled with water.
  • Whether or not the heat medium circuit 4 and the tank 11 are filled with water can be determined by whether or not water is flowing out of the piping 21. That is, if water flows out, the heat medium circuit 4 and the inside of the tank 11 will be filled with water.
  • the water heater in the present embodiment uses water flowing through the water inlet pipe 18 and flowing into the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 as a heat medium.
  • the pressure in the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 decreases.
  • the pressure in the tank 11 and the heat medium circuit 4 decreases to a certain value or more, the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 flows through the water inlet pipe 18 and automatically flows into the tank 11. Therefore, it is not necessary for the user of the hot water supply device to replenish the heat medium.
  • the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 from the water pipe flows to the hot water supply terminal 17 by the pressure of the water flowing through the water pipe.
  • the pressure (water pressure) of the water flowing through the water pipe is higher than the pressure of the water pumped by the pump 14. For this reason, the amount of hot and cold water flowing out of the hot water supply terminal 17 can be secured at a certain level or more, and the comfort of the user is improved.
  • the control device 50 operates the heat pump device 30 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the three-way heat exchanger 60, and is shown in FIG.
  • the switching valve 15 and the pump 14 are controlled so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the solid line arrow.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat in the three-way heat exchanger 60.
  • the heat medium flows in the flow path shown by the solid line of the switching valve 15.
  • the heat medium flows through the lower portion of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the three-way heat exchanger 60 in order, and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • control device 50 activates the compressor 5 of the heat pump device 30 to compress the refrigerant to a high pressure.
  • the refrigerant that has been compressed to a high temperature and pressure passes through the connection pipe 23 and flows into the three-way heat exchanger 60 disposed inside the tank unit 2.
  • heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant in the vapor phase state of high temperature and pressure and the heat medium which is pressure-fed by the pump 14 and flows through the heat medium circuit 4. Thereby, the heat transfer medium is heated and a high temperature heat transfer medium is generated.
  • the high temperature heat medium flows out of the radiator 8, flows through the heat medium circuit 4, and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • the refrigerant is condensed by heat exchange with the heat medium in the three-way heat exchanger 60, and becomes a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state or liquid state. Thereafter, the refrigerant is decompressed and expanded by the decompression device 6 and flows into the evaporator 7. In the evaporator 7, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air blown by the blower fan 9 and evaporates to be in the gas phase. The refrigerant in the gas phase flows into the compressor 4 again.
  • the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit 3, and the heat medium circulates through the heat medium circuit 4, and the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium in the three-way heat exchanger 60.
  • the heat medium stored in the is heated.
  • the control device 50 may control the heat pump device 30 and the rotational speed of the pump 14 so that the temperature of the heat medium detected by the thermistor 22 e becomes a predetermined value.
  • the heat medium heated to a high temperature by the three-way heat exchanger 60 flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • the high temperature heat medium is stored in the tank 11. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium stored in the tank 11 is higher at the upper part of the tank 11 and lower at the lower part of the tank 11.
  • thermal stratification of the heat medium is formed inside the tank 11.
  • the dashed-dotted line inside the tank 11 shown in FIG. 9 shows this temperature stratification, and the higher it is, the higher the temperature is.
  • the heat medium inside the tank 11 is divided into a high temperature area of substantially constant temperature, a transition area in which the temperature drops sharply, and a low temperature area.
  • the heat medium flowing out of the lower portion of the tank 11 during the heating operation is in the low temperature range. Therefore, the temperature rise of the heat medium flowing into the heat exchanger 8 is suppressed until all the heat medium inside the tank 11 becomes high temperature.
  • the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is high when the heat medium flowing into the radiator 8 is low. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is improved.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat in the radiator 8 to generate a high-temperature heat medium.
  • the control device 50 controls the switching valve 15 so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flow passage 60a and the flow direction of the heat medium flow passage 60b face each other. That is, the temperature change of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage 60a is opposed to the temperature change of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage 60b.
  • the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant flow passage 60a at a high temperature, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and has a lower temperature than when flowing in, and flows out of the refrigerant flow passage 60a.
  • the heat medium flows into the heat medium channel 60b at a low temperature, exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and becomes higher temperature than when flowing in, and flows out from the heat medium channel 60b.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat in a state where the temperature difference is maintained at a certain level or more. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency in the three-way heat exchanger 60 is improved. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 is improved.
  • the hot water supply operation is an operation of generating hot water to be supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 by heating water with a high temperature heat medium stored inside the tank 11.
  • the hot water supply terminal 17 When the hot water supply terminal 17 is opened by the user, the water in the hot water supply circuit 16 flows out of the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the flow switch 10 detects the flow of water in the hot water supply circuit 16, the hot water supply operation is started.
  • the hot water supply operation may be started, for example, when the user gives an instruction from a remote control (not shown).
  • the control device 50 switches so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG.
  • the valve 15 and the pump 14 are controlled.
  • the controller 50 may control the number of rotations of the pump 14 so that the temperature detected by the thermistor 22 d becomes a predetermined value.
  • the control device 50 controls the pump 14 and the switching valve 15 so that the heat medium flows in the direction indicated by the broken line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the high-temperature heat medium stored in the upper part of the tank 11 flows out from the upper part of the tank 11, flows through the heat medium circuit 4, and flows into the three-way heat exchanger 60.
  • the heat medium flowing into the three-way heat exchanger 60 exchanges heat with the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 and flowing into the three-way heat exchanger 60. This produces hot water.
  • the generated hot water flows through the hot water supply circuit 16 and flows out from the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the control device 50 controls the switching valve 15 such that the flow direction of the heat medium flow passage 60b and the flow direction of the hot water supply flow passage 60c face each other in the hot water supply operation. That is, the temperature change of the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage 60b and the temperature change of the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 60c are configured to face each other.
  • the heat medium flows into the heat medium channel 60b in a high temperature state, exchanges heat with water, and becomes cooler than when it flows in, and flows out of the heat medium channel 60b.
  • water flows into the hot water supply flow passage 60c at a low temperature, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and becomes hotter than when it flows in, and flows out from the hot water supply flow passage 60c.
  • the heat medium and the water exchange heat in a state where the temperature difference is maintained at a certain level or more. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency in the three-way heat exchanger 60 is improved.
  • the heat medium which exchanges heat with water in the three-way heat exchanger 60 and whose temperature is lowered, flows through the switching valve 15, the pump 14, and the switching valve 15, and flows into the tank 11 from the lower part. Therefore, when the hot water supply operation is performed, the amount of the heat medium in the low temperature range increases in the tank 11. As described above, the heat medium whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange with water in the three-way heat exchanger 60 flows from the lower portion of the tank 11 into the low temperature region. Therefore, the water can be heated while maintaining the temperature stratification inside the tank 11.
  • the hot water supply operation and the heating operation are performed while maintaining the temperature stratification of the heat medium in the tank 11. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the heat pump device 30 can be improved. Moreover, it becomes possible to adjust the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the control device 50 sets the temperature of the hot water detected by the thermistor 22d to the set temperature.
  • the rotation speed can be controlled. Thereby, the hot water of the temperature which the user set from the hot-water supply terminal 17 is supplied.
  • the hot water supply terminal 17 has a temperature control function, it is not necessary to particularly control the rotational speed of the pump 14 to adjust the temperature of the generated hot water, and the hot water of the predetermined temperature is heated Supply it to 17.
  • the switching valve 15 can switch the circulation direction of the heat medium. That is, in the heating operation, the heat medium flows in the order of the lower part of the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, the three-way heat exchanger 60, and the upper part of the tank 11. On the other hand, in the hot water supply operation, the heat medium flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the three-way heat exchanger 60, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 executes the heating operation, in the three-way heat exchanger 60, the refrigerant and the heat medium flow opposite to each other, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, when the control device 50 executes the hot water supply operation, in the three-way heat exchanger 60, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by the heat medium and the water flowing opposite to each other. Thereby, energy saving of the hot water supply apparatus can be realized.
  • the heat medium can be flowed in different circulation directions by one heat medium circuit 4 and one pump 14, the downsizing and cost reduction of the water heater can be realized while improving the operation efficiency of the water heater. can do.
  • the number of pumps 14 can be reduced to reduce noise and vibration caused by the operation of the pumps 14.
  • the pump 14 is disposed inside the tank unit 2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the resonance between the vibration generated by the operation of the compressor 5 and the vibration generated by the operation of the pump 14. Therefore, while reducing noise, the usage-amount of a sound-insulation material can be reduced and cost reduction of a hot-water supply apparatus can be implement
  • the switching valve 15 is cheaper than the pump 14, and the control circuit for operating the switching valve 15 is cheaper than the control circuit for operating the pump 14. Therefore, comparing the case where the heat medium is circulated using two pumps 14 and the case where the heat medium is circulated using the pump 14 and the switching valve 15, the pump 14 and the switching valve 15 are used in combination. It is less expensive to circulate the heat medium.
  • the hot water supply operation is performed with a small amount of heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11, the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 can not be sufficiently heated even by the heat exchange between the heat medium and water performed by the hot water supply heat exchanger 13. There is a case.
  • the control device 50 can detect that the heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11 is less than a predetermined value based on the detection values of the thermistors 22a to 22c attached to the tank 11. In such a state, when it is necessary to supply hot water to the hot water supply terminal 17, the control device executes a hot water supply assistance operation in which heating of the heat medium by the heat pump device 30 and heating of water by the heat medium are performed in parallel. Do.
  • the predetermined value in this case is set from the design value of the water heater such as the heat capacity that can be stored in the tank 11, the head of the pump 14, and the like.
  • the hot water supply assistance operation may be performed by the user performing an instruction from the remote control.
  • the control device 50 controls the heat pump device 30, the pump 14, and the switching valve 15.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 3 in the direction of the solid line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium circulates the inside of the heat medium circuit 4 in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG. That is, the heat medium flows in the order of the upper portion of the tank 11, the three-way heat exchanger 60, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, the switching valve 15, and the lower portion of the tank 11.
  • the circulation direction of the heat medium is the same.
  • the water flowing into the hot water supply circuit 16 from the water pipe exchanges heat with the heat medium and the refrigerant in the three-way heat exchanger 60 to become hot water of a predetermined temperature, and flows to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • water can be heated while the heat medium flowing into the three-way heat exchanger 60 is heated by the refrigerant. Therefore, even when the heat medium in the high temperature range is small, the temperature of the heat medium flowing into the three-way heat exchanger 60 can be increased. Thus, the water can be heated in the three-way heat exchanger 60 to generate hot water, and a highly usable hot water supply device can be realized.
  • the heat quantity released by the heat medium in the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 may be larger than the heat quantity absorbed by the heat medium in the heat pump device 30. Therefore, when performing the hot water supply assistance operation, it is preferable to increase the heating capacity of the heat pump device 30 (for example, 20 kW) as compared to the case where the hot water supply assistance operation is not performed.
  • control device 50 when the control device 50 detects that the heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11 is smaller than the predetermined value, the control device 50 heats the heat pump device 30 when the hot water supply assistance operation is performed. It is preferable to control to maximize the capacity.
  • the remote control has a selection means for selecting whether or not to execute the hot water supply assistance operation automatically. That is, it is preferable to have means for prohibiting the hot water supply apparatus from automatically performing the hot water supply assistance operation. Thereby, the user can select whether or not to execute the hot water supply assistance operation having a low operation efficiency as compared with the hot water supply operation. Therefore, the usability of the hot water supply apparatus can be improved.
  • the hot-water supply apparatus in this Embodiment can use the water which contains many hardness components. The reason is explained below.
  • the topography is gentle and the length of the river is long.
  • the amount of the hardness component dissolved in the water flowing in the river is large, and the water supplied from the water pipe is hard compared to Japan. There are many cases.
  • a large amount of a hardness component such as calcium carbonate is dissolved.
  • the hardness component decreases in solubility as the temperature of water increases, and has the property of depositing as scale.
  • scale may deposit in the high temperature part of the hot water supply apparatus and adhere to the flow path, which may block the flow path. Further, even if the flow path is not blocked, if the scale adheres to the flow path, the pressure loss increases and the operation efficiency of the water heater deteriorates.
  • the solubility of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), which is one of the hardness components, tends to decrease as the temperature of water increases, as shown in FIG. That is, the higher the temperature of water, the more likely the hardness component in the water is deposited as a scale and adheres to the flow path.
  • CaCO 3 calcium carbonate
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is a closed circuit. Therefore, when the pressure in the heat medium circuit 4 rises and a small amount of heat medium is discharged from the piping 21, the heat medium circuit 4 is newly refilled with water.
  • the heat medium circulating through the heat medium circuit 4 is used without being replaced for a long time, and no new hardness component is supplied, so that the deposition and the deposition of the scale in the heat medium channel 60b can be suppressed.
  • Fresh water is always supplied to the hot water supply flow passage 60c of the three-way heat exchanger 60.
  • the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 such as a water bath, a bath tub, and a shower head is about 50 degrees at the maximum. Therefore, in the hot water supply heat exchanger whose temperature is lower than that of the heat medium flow passage 60b, the deposition of scale is less likely to occur.
  • the water inlet pipe 18 branches from the hot water supply circuit 16 on the upstream side of the three-way heat exchanger 60 and is connected to the lower part of the tank 11 and a pressure reducing valve 19 is disposed in the water inlet pipe 18.
  • a pressure reducing valve 19 is disposed in the water inlet pipe 18.
  • shutoff valve instead of the pressure reducing valve 19, water (heat medium) can be supplied to the heat medium circuit 4 whose pressure has dropped to a predetermined value or more by opening the shut off valve.
  • the heat pump unit 1 in the present embodiment a compressor 5, a pressure reducing device 6, an evaporator 7, and a blower fan 9 are disposed.
  • the heat pump unit 1 and the tank unit 2 are connected by a connection pipe 23 through which the refrigerant flows.
  • the heat pump unit 1 has the same configuration as the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. Thereby, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner and the heat pump unit 1 can be shared.
  • the refrigerant is the R410A refrigerant usually used in an air conditioner, the connection of the connection piping 23 at the time of construction becomes easy.
  • connection pipe 23 through which the refrigerant circulates, the refrigerant in the connection pipe 23 does not freeze and there is no need to perform a freeze prevention operation or the like.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a three-way heat exchanger 60 of the hot water supply apparatus in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot water supply apparatus has a refrigerant flow path 60a, a heat medium flow path 60b, and a hot water supply flow path 60c, and the three directions are configured such that the respective flow paths contact each other.
  • a heat exchanger 60 is provided.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage 60a, the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow passage 60b, and the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 60c can mutually exchange heat.
  • the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant channel 60a, and the heat medium flows through the heat medium channel 60b.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium exchange heat with each other.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium flow in opposite directions.
  • the heat medium flows through the heat medium flow path 60b, and the water flows through the hot water supply flow path 60c.
  • the heat medium and the water exchange heat with each other. At this time, the heat medium and the water flow in opposite directions.
  • the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant flow path 60a, the heat medium flows through the heat medium flow path 60b, and the water flows through the hot water supply flow path 60c.
  • the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 60c absorbs heat from both the refrigerant and the heat medium. That is, water can be heated by both the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and the high-temperature heat medium.
  • the refrigerant and the heat medium flow in the same direction, and the refrigerant and the heat medium, and the water flowing in the hot water supply flow path become countercurrent. Thereby, since hot water can be generated even when the heat medium inside the tank 11 is small, the usability of the hot water supply apparatus is improved.
  • the emergency hot water supply operation in the three-way heat exchanger 60, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage 60a and the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 60c exchange heat to generate hot water.
  • the hot water supply operation is performed without the heat medium in the high temperature range inside the tank 11, the water flowing through the hot water supply circuit 16 can not be sufficiently heated even by the heat exchange between the heat medium and water performed by the heat exchanger 60.
  • the control device 50 When the hot water needs to be supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17, the control device 50 first detects the temperature of the heat medium inside the tank 11 by the thermistors 22a to 22c attached to the tank 11, and detects the temperature And the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 are compared.
  • the temperature (set temperature) of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17 may be set by the user using a remote control (not shown), or may be set in advance.
  • the heat pump device 30 When the control device 50 determines that the temperature of the heat medium in the tank 11 is lower than the temperature of the water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17, the heat pump device 30 is operated to perform high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant three-way heat It flows into the exchanger 60. As a result, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows in the refrigerant flow passage 60 a of the three-way heat exchanger 60. Therefore, in the three-way heat exchanger 60, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage 60a and the water flowing through the hot water supply flow passage 60c exchange heat to generate hot water. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the refrigerant and the water flow in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot water supply apparatus in the present embodiment has an integral unit 25 in which a heat pump device 30, a heat medium circuit 4, a hot water supply circuit 16, a water inlet pipe 18, and a pipe 21 are disposed.
  • the water heater of the present embodiment uses carbon dioxide.
  • carbon dioxide having a global warming potential of zero (0) can be used.
  • Carbon dioxide has a lower critical temperature temperature than conventionally used HFC refrigerants such as R410A and R32. Therefore, when carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, a supercritical cycle in which the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 3 exceeds the critical point is configured.
  • the heat medium can be heated to a high temperature (for example, 85 degrees) as compared with the HFC refrigerant such as R410A and R32. Further, since the heat medium can be heated to a high temperature, the amount of heat stored in the tank 11 can be increased, and the size of the tank 11 can be reduced.
  • the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 3 is higher (for example, 8 MPa) as compared to the case where the HFC refrigerant is used. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the pressure resistance of the refrigerant pipe, and in particular, it is necessary to improve the pressure resistance of the connection pipe which needs to be installed.
  • the hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment does not have connection piping. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the pressure resistance of connection piping.
  • the installation work at the time of installing a hot-water supply apparatus can be made easy.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3, the heat medium circuit 4, and the hot water supply circuit 16 are accommodated inside the integral unit 25, it is possible to shorten the pipe connecting each component.
  • the heat radiation loss can be reduced by winding the heat insulating material around the pipe housed inside the integrated unit 25, and the operation efficiency of the water heater can be improved.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot-water supply device in the present embodiment is provided with a reversible pump 31 as a pump for pressure-feeding the heat medium.
  • the reversible pump 31 has a function of reversing the circulation direction of the heat medium flowing inside the heat medium circuit 4. That is, the reversible pump 31 functions as a switching device that reverses the circulation direction of the heat medium. Therefore, the circulation direction of the heat medium can be changed without using the switching valve.
  • control device 50 controls the reversible pump 31 such that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the solid line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit 4 flows in the order of the lower part of the tank 11, the reversible pump 31, the three-way heat exchanger 60, and the upper part of the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 controls the heat pump device 30 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the three-way heat exchanger 60.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the three-way heat exchanger 60 exchanges heat with the heat medium, and a high-temperature heat medium is generated.
  • the generated heat medium flows through the heat medium circuit 4 and flows into the tank 11 from the top of the tank 11.
  • a high temperature heat medium is stored inside the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 may control the reversible pump 31 and the heat pump device 30 such that the detection value of the thermistor 22e becomes a predetermined value.
  • the control device 50 controls the reversible pump 31 so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the dashed arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit 4 flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the three-way heat exchanger 60, the reversible pump 31, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the heat medium flowing inside the heat medium circuit 4 exchanges heat with the water flowing in the hot water supply circuit 16 in the three-way heat exchanger 60. This produces hot water.
  • the control device 50 detects the temperature flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 13 by the thermistor 22e, and based on the detected value, the thermistor The rotational speed of the reversible pump 31 can be controlled so that the temperature of the hot water detected at 22 d becomes the set temperature.
  • the control device 50 reduces the number of rotations of the reversible pump 31.
  • the control device 50 increases the number of rotations of the reversible pump 31.
  • the control device 50 needs to appropriately control the number of rotations of the reversible pump 31 to adjust the temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • hot water of a predetermined temperature or more may be supplied to the hot water supply terminal 17.
  • the control device 50 controls the heat pump device 30 so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the three-way heat exchanger 60. Further, the control device 50 controls the reversible pump 31 so that the heat medium circulates in the direction of the broken line arrow shown in FIG.
  • the heat medium in the heat medium circuit 4 flows in the order of the upper part of the tank 11, the three-way heat exchanger 60, the reversible pump 31, and the lower part of the tank 11.
  • the heating operation, the hot water supply operation, and the hot water supply auxiliary operation can be performed by one heat medium circuit 4 and one reversible pump 31.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same parts as those of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment is provided with a supply pipe 27 connected to the upper portion of the tank 11 and having a shutoff valve 26 capable of closing and opening the flow path.
  • the tank 11 also includes a liquid level sensor 28 that detects the amount of heat medium stored in the tank 11.
  • the control device 50 can detect a decrease in the amount of the heat medium by the liquid level sensor 28 and display it on the remote control to notify the user.
  • the heat medium circuit 4 is a closed circuit in which the tank 11, the switching valve 15, the pump 14, and the three-way heat exchanger 60 are annularly connected and completed. Thereby, the water with many hardness components does not flow into the three-way heat exchanger 60. Thus, scale precipitation and deposition can be suppressed.
  • An expansion tank 29 is disposed in the heat medium circuit 4 between the radiator 8 and the upper portion of the tank 11 to adjust the pressure inside the heat medium circuit 4 when the heat medium expands.
  • shutoff valve 26 can be opened to replenish the heat transfer medium from the supply pipe 27 into the tank 11.
  • the heat medium may be water as a main component, or may be a heat medium having a higher specific heat or thermal conductivity than water.
  • Galistan which is a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium and tin can be used. This can prevent the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 4 from freezing.
  • the hot water supply apparatus can use water containing a large amount of hardness component, and can realize downsizing and cost reduction, so that it should be applied to a hot water supply apparatus for home use or business use. Can.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude, lequel dispositif comprend : un circuit de milieu de chaleur (4), qui est formé par la liaison, sous une forme de boucle à l'aide d'une tuyauterie de milieu de chaleur, de la partie supérieure et de la partie inférieure d'un réservoir (11) pour stocker un milieu de chaleur, et à travers lequel circule le milieu de chaleur ; un dispositif chauffant (30) qui chauffe le milieu de chaleur ; une pompe (14, 31) qui est située dans le circuit de milieu de chaleur (4) et qui fait circuler le milieu de chaleur ; et un circuit d'alimentation en eau chaude (16) à travers lequel de l'eau fournie à partir d'une tuyauterie d'eau s'écoule jusqu'à une extrémité d'alimentation en eau chaude (17). Le dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un échangeur de chaleur d'alimentation en eau chaude (13) pour échanger de la chaleur entre le milieu de chaleur qui s'écoule à travers le circuit de milieu de chaleur (4) et de l'eau qui s'écoule à travers le circuit d'alimentation en eau chaude (16). De l'eau qui contient une proportion accrue de composants d'eau dure peut être utilisée du fait que le circuit de milieu de chaleur (4) est un circuit fermé, et, de plus, le dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude a une taille et un coût réduits, parce que le circuit de milieu de chaleur unique (4) effectue tout à la fois le chauffage du milieu de chaleur et le chauffage de l'eau qui est délivrée à l'extrémité d'alimentation en eau chaude.
PCT/JP2014/001270 2013-03-27 2014-03-07 Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude WO2014155993A1 (fr)

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CN201480017987.6A CN105102902B (zh) 2013-03-27 2014-03-07 供热水装置
EP14776050.8A EP2980504B1 (fr) 2013-03-27 2014-03-07 Dispositif d'alimentation en eau chaude
JP2015508010A JPWO2014155993A1 (ja) 2013-03-27 2014-03-07 給湯装置

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DE102019119229A1 (de) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-21 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitsablass einer Wärmepumpenaußeneinheit
DE102019119243A1 (de) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-21 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitsablass einer Wärmepumpenaußeneinheit
JP7283029B2 (ja) * 2019-10-25 2023-05-30 株式会社ノーリツ 暖房給湯装置
CN112524679A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-03-19 上海有隆工程勘测技术有限公司 管道蓄热式空气源热泵二级加热制热水系统
CN115224303B (zh) * 2022-07-01 2023-06-13 上海卓微氢科技有限公司 一种燃料电池循环冷却装置及温度均衡控制方法

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EP2980504A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
EP2980504B1 (fr) 2019-05-08
CN105102902A (zh) 2015-11-25
JPWO2014155993A1 (ja) 2017-02-16
CN105102902B (zh) 2018-06-22
EP2980504A4 (fr) 2016-07-13

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