WO2014154597A1 - Panneaux de plâtre absorbant les polluants organiques - Google Patents

Panneaux de plâtre absorbant les polluants organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014154597A1
WO2014154597A1 PCT/EP2014/055777 EP2014055777W WO2014154597A1 WO 2014154597 A1 WO2014154597 A1 WO 2014154597A1 EP 2014055777 W EP2014055777 W EP 2014055777W WO 2014154597 A1 WO2014154597 A1 WO 2014154597A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
range
microporous material
plasterboard
equal
coagulant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/055777
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran Hedman
Jean-Michel Faure
Original Assignee
Siniat International Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siniat International Sas filed Critical Siniat International Sas
Priority to AU2014243175A priority Critical patent/AU2014243175A1/en
Priority to BR112015021022A priority patent/BR112015021022A2/pt
Publication of WO2014154597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014154597A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
    • C04B2103/0078—Sorbent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C04B2111/0062—Gypsum-paper board like materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plasterboards having an improved capacity for absorption of organic pollutants and to a method for manufacturing these plasterboards.
  • the invention is based on the use of a special microporous material.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • plasterboards containing compounds that capture formaldehyde are marketed by Lafarge Platres (Pregyplac Air® board) and by Placo Saint Gobain (Activ Air® technology) . These products are, however, only intended for capture of formaldehyde.
  • the invention relates firstly to a plasterboard comprising a layer of plaster and at least one facing arranged on the latter, the layer of plaster comprising a microporous material, and said microporous material comprising agglomerates of precipitated silica.
  • the microporous material is present in the layer of plaster in a dry matter amount in a range from 20 to 2000 g/m 2 of board, preferably in a range from 100 to 1500 g/m 2 , more preferably in a range from 200 to 1000 g/m 2 , and even more preferably in a range from 300 to 750 g/m 2 .
  • the silica agglomerates have a size Dv50 in a range from 0.5 to 500 ⁇ , preferably in a range from 5 to 200 ⁇ , and more preferably in a range from 10 to 200 ⁇ .
  • the agglomerates of precipitated silica correspond to the formula MeO x ⁇ mSi02, in which Me represents at least two metals selected from Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Ag, Al, Ti, V, Co, Mo, Sn, Sb, Sr, Ba and/or W, x represents the molar ratio of oxygen to the metallic constituents, and m represents the molar ratio of S1O2 relative to the metallic constituents, Me preferably represents Mg and Ca.
  • the molar ratio m is in a range from 1 to 4, preferably in a range from 2 to 3.5, more preferably in a range from 2.5 to 3.
  • the microporous material is obtainable by a method of manufacture comprising the following steps :
  • the solution of alkali metal silicate has a silicate / alkali metal molar ratio in a range from 1 to 4, preferably in a range from 2 to 3.7, more preferably in a range from 3 to 3.7 and even more preferably of about 3.35;
  • the alkali metal is K, Na or Li, preferably Na or K and more preferably Na;
  • the metal salts are selected from the salts of Ca, Mg, Cu,
  • the metal salts are chlorides, acetates or nitrates, preferably magnesium chloride and calcium chloride; and/or — the solutions of metal salts have a concentration greater than or equal to 0.5 M, preferably greater than or equal to 1 M, more particularly greater than or equal to 1.5 M, and a concentration less than or equal to the saturation concentration; and/or
  • the solution of alkali metal silicate has a concentration of
  • the coagulant at the end of the rinsing and recovery step is adjusted to a dry matter content greater than or equal to 15%, preferably by filtration;
  • rinsing of the coagulant comprises removal of free anions present in the coagulant
  • the impregnating agents are selected from KMnC>4, C2H2O4,
  • the impregnating agents are added to the coagulant in the form of crystalline powder, which is dissolved in the aqueous phase of the coagulant with stirring;
  • the impregnating agents are present in the microporous material at a content in a range from 0 to 20%, preferably in a range from 5 to 20% and more preferably in a range from 10 to 20%.
  • the microporous material further comprises activated charcoal.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a plasterboard as described above, comprising a step of mixing a plaster paste for providing the layer of plaster of the plasterboard, and in which the microporous material is added before or during mixing.
  • the microporous material is added in the form of a powder, preferably having a dry matter content of at least 90%, more preferably of at least 95%, and even more preferably of at least 97%.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a microporous material comprising agglomerates of precipitated silica, in order to increase the capacity of a plasterboard for absorbing volatile organic compounds .
  • the microporous material is as described above.
  • the microporous material is incorporated in the form of a powder in a plaster paste during manufacture of the plasterboard, the powder preferably having a dry matter content of at least 90%, more preferably of at least 95%, and even more preferably of at least 97%.
  • the microporous material is used in a dry matter amount in a range from 20 to 2000 g/m 2 of board, preferably in a range from 100 to 1500 g/m 2 , more preferably in a range from 200 to 1000 g/m 2 , and even more preferably in a range from 300 to 750 g g/m 2 .
  • the present invention makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art. More particularly it provides plasterboards able to absorb VOCs from the atmosphere such as those emitted by other building materials. This is achieved by the use of a microporous material comprising agglomerates of precipitated silica .
  • the plasterboards according to the invention are able to remove certain VOCs from the atmosphere more effectively than those of the prior art; and/or more durably (with less salting out of the VOCs captured) ; and/or are able to remove a greater range of VOCs than the boards of the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows the formaldehyde content detected (on the ordinate) expressed as percentage of the reference content, over time in days (on the abscissa) , in a test of the boards according to the invention and of reference boards (see the examples section) .
  • microporous material used in the context of the invention is described in detail in document WO 2006/071183, which is incorporated here by reference in its entirety. It is a material of the aerogel type.
  • the microporous material can be manufactured by a precipitation reaction, where a solution of alkali metal silicate is brought in contact with a salt solution containing divalent or polyvalent metal cations.
  • a precipitation reaction where a solution of alkali metal silicate is brought in contact with a salt solution containing divalent or polyvalent metal cations.
  • salt solutions containing metals other than those of the alkali metal group insoluble amorphous metal silicates are obtained by precipitation.
  • This method is called the coagulation process; the particles form relatively compact aggregates, in which the silica is more concentrated than in the initial solution, so that the coagulant sediments in the form of a relatively dense precipitate.
  • the precipitated coagulant thus obtained is then rinsed with water until the residual reaction products and excess reagents are removed. Some of the water of the suspension is then removed for example by vacuum filtration or by centrifugation, until a relatively viscous paste is obtained, for example with about 15% dry matter .
  • the material can be impregnated with impregnating agents, for example by adding these agents at a suitable concentration during a final step of rinsing the coagulant.
  • these agents can be added to the paste after rinsing and removal of some of the water from the suspension.
  • the material is then dried and prepared in the form of powder.
  • the alkali metal silicates that can be used for making the material can particularly be based on sodium or potassium, or even lithium.
  • a silicate composed of S1O2 and a20 can preferably be used.
  • the commercially available alkali metal silicates generally have molar ratios of silicate fraction to alkaline fraction in a range from 1.6 to 3.9.
  • the solution of alkali metal silicate typically diluted to a concentration of 1.5 M relative to the S1O2 is mixed with a concentrated or even saturated solution of salts containing magnesium and/or calcium, for example MgCl2 and CaCl2.
  • salts containing magnesium and/or calcium for example MgCl2 and CaCl2.
  • any readily soluble salt such as a nitrate or an acetate can also be used.
  • other divalent or polyvalent cations can be used instead of Mg and Ca, such as Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Ag, Al, Ti, V, Co, Mo, Sn, Sb, Sr, Ba and/or W.
  • n represents the molar ratio of SiC>2 to a20.
  • the amount of Mg and Ca in the final product depends on the molar ratio n. The lower this molar ratio, the more Mg and Ca there is in the coagulant relative to the silicate. Thus, to maximize the content of Mg and Ca in the product, an alkali metal silicate must be used that has a molar ratio n that is as low as possible.
  • the microporous material used in the invention has the formula MeO x ⁇ mSiC>2, in which Me denotes at least two metals selected from Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Ag, Al, Ti, V, Co, Mo, Sn, Sb, Sr, Ba and W, x denotes the molar ratio of oxygen to the metallic constituents, and m denotes the molar ratio of SiC>2 relative to the metallic constituents.
  • the silica agglomerates preferably have a size Dv50 in a range from 0.5 to 500 ⁇ , preferably in a range from 5 to 200 ⁇ , and more preferably in a range from 10 to 200 ⁇ .
  • the precipitated silica as such, is able to capture pollutants, notably SO2, CO2, H2S, and the VOCs to a certain extent.
  • VOCs represents the organic compounds (i.e. predominantly compounds of carbon and hydrogen) having a boiling point in a range from 50 to 260°C, apart from pesticides (definition of the World Health Organization) .
  • the impregnating agents mentioned above can be added to the coagulant for further increasing the capacity of the material for capturing certain pollutants. These impregnating agents can act as catalysts, buffering agents, or trapping agents.
  • VOCs more particularly targeted in the invention are preferably formaldehyde and toluene.
  • the impregnating agents are for example impregnated in an amount in a range from 5 to 20%, and preferably in a range from 10 to 20%.
  • the material according to the invention preferably has a porosity in a range from 0.5 to 1.2 cm 3 /g, and/or a BET surface area in a range from 300 to 800 m 2 /g.
  • other substances that are able to capture, trap, absorb, adsorb or degrade pollutants can be mixed with the material of the invention, and more preferably can be added to the silica agglomerates during manufacture. This notably applies to activated charcoal. This can further extend (for example to toluene) the range of pollutants effectively removed by the boards according to the invention.
  • the material according to the invention is incorporated in the layer of plaster of a plasterboard. For example, it is mixed with the dry ingredients before adding the water for mixing, or it is mixed with the water for mixing, or it is added to the paste during mixing. The amount of water for mixing is adjusted to obtain a good consistency of the paste.
  • the amount of material added is for example in a dry matter amount in a range from 20 to 2000 g/m 2 of board, preferably in a range from 100 to 1500 g/m 2 , more preferably in a range from 200 to 1000 g/m 2 , and even more preferably in a range from 300 to 750 g/m 2 . Good results having been observed with a content of 350 g/m 2 .
  • the plasterboard thus manufactured can comprise a facing on one face or two facings on the two opposite faces, in a manner known in the art.
  • the boards can preferably be manufactured by pouring the plaster on a facing paper, then placing the second facing paper, then drying the board resulting in considerable evaporation of water and production of the final building board after hardening. Reference is made to document EP 0521804 for more details.
  • plasterboards according to the invention are used conventionally as building materials and serve for forming partitions or ceilings, or for forming double walls in particular for insulation.
  • microporous material described above in the form of powder (supplied by the company Svenska Aerogel AB) , is incorporated at contents by weight in a range of 5% and 10% (% dry matter / dry ingredients) in a plaster paste, which is used for making plasterboards.
  • a reference board is manufactured according to the same principle without microporous material.
  • Formaldehyde is injected for about 5 days into test compartments made of 119 L stainless steel, with an average concentration of formaldehyde in the air introduced of 110 g/m 3 .
  • the air is renewed at a rate of 1 ⁇ 2 per hour.
  • the plasterboards are placed in the compartments with 0.4 m 2 of board per m 3 of air and are left there for 5 more days, being the supply of formaldehyde stopped on the 3rd additional day.
  • the concentration of formaldehyde is tested by taking air samples in the compartments through tubes of silica gel coated with DNPH.
  • the analysis is performed by solvent desorption, by HPLC and by detection with UV diode arrays.
  • the results are presented in Fig. 1.
  • the reference board without microporous material corresponds to the solid curve with the symbols ⁇ ; the board made with 5% of microporous material corresponds to the dotted-line curve with the symbols x; and the board made with 10% of microporous material corresponds to the solid curve with the symbols 0.
  • the periods A, B, and C correspond respectively: to injection of formaldehyde in the absence of boards; to injection of formaldehyde in the presence of the boards; and to absence of injection of formaldehyde, in the presence of the boards.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un panneau de plâtre comprenant une couche de plâtre et au moins un parement disposé sur cette dernière, la couche de plâtre comprenant un matériau microporeux, ledit matériau microporeux comprenant des agglomérats de silice précipitée. Ce panneau de plâtre présente la propriété d'absorber efficacement les composés organiques volatils.
PCT/EP2014/055777 2013-03-29 2014-03-23 Panneaux de plâtre absorbant les polluants organiques WO2014154597A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2014243175A AU2014243175A1 (en) 2013-03-29 2014-03-23 Plasterboards absorbing organic pollutants
BR112015021022A BR112015021022A2 (pt) 2013-03-29 2014-03-23 placas de gesso para absorção de poluentes orgânicos

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1352945A FR3003880B1 (fr) 2013-03-29 2013-03-29 Plaques de platre absorbant les polluants organiques
FR1352945 2013-03-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014154597A1 true WO2014154597A1 (fr) 2014-10-02

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ID=48468600

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/055777 WO2014154597A1 (fr) 2013-03-29 2014-03-23 Panneaux de plâtre absorbant les polluants organiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2014243175A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015021022A2 (fr)
FR (1) FR3003880B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014154597A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016146934A1 (fr) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Saint-Gobain Placo Plaque acoustique a base de plâtre
EP3401292A1 (fr) * 2017-05-10 2018-11-14 Saint-Gobain Placo Matériau à base de plâtre
US20220282484A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2022-09-08 Gold Bond Building Products, Llc Method of Manufacturing Gypsum Board with Improved Fire Resistance

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0725656A (ja) * 1993-05-10 1995-01-27 Chiyoda Uut Kk 石膏ボード及びその製造方法
JP2001059281A (ja) * 1999-08-23 2001-03-06 Nishikawa Norimichi 建 材
WO2006071183A1 (fr) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 Svenska Aerogel Ab Agglomerats de silice precipitee, procede d'elaboration correspondante, et d'utilisation comme milieu filtrant en filtration gazeuse
US20080115438A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2008-05-22 Hans Ulrich Hummel Building Board
TW200916431A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-04-16 Ube Board Co Ltd Functional building material
WO2011078708A1 (fr) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Carbon Credit Corporation New Zealand Limited Plaque de plâtre au carbone
WO2013043882A1 (fr) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc Matériau de construction à faible transmission thermique

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0725656A (ja) * 1993-05-10 1995-01-27 Chiyoda Uut Kk 石膏ボード及びその製造方法
JP2001059281A (ja) * 1999-08-23 2001-03-06 Nishikawa Norimichi 建 材
US20080115438A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2008-05-22 Hans Ulrich Hummel Building Board
WO2006071183A1 (fr) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-06 Svenska Aerogel Ab Agglomerats de silice precipitee, procede d'elaboration correspondante, et d'utilisation comme milieu filtrant en filtration gazeuse
TW200916431A (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-04-16 Ube Board Co Ltd Functional building material
WO2011078708A1 (fr) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Carbon Credit Corporation New Zealand Limited Plaque de plâtre au carbone
WO2013043882A1 (fr) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Georgia-Pacific Gypsum Llc Matériau de construction à faible transmission thermique

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016146934A1 (fr) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Saint-Gobain Placo Plaque acoustique a base de plâtre
FR3033789A1 (fr) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-23 Saint-Gobain Placo Plaque acoustique a base de platre
TWI748946B (zh) * 2015-03-17 2021-12-11 法商聖戈本建材公司 以石膏為底質之吸音板及其製造方法
US20220282484A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2022-09-08 Gold Bond Building Products, Llc Method of Manufacturing Gypsum Board with Improved Fire Resistance
EP3401292A1 (fr) * 2017-05-10 2018-11-14 Saint-Gobain Placo Matériau à base de plâtre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112015021022A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
AU2014243175A1 (en) 2015-08-20
FR3003880A1 (fr) 2014-10-03
FR3003880B1 (fr) 2015-07-17

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