200916431 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種功能性建材，其具有優異之濕度調節 能力，且具有吸附揮發性有機化合物等有害氣體而藉由驗 性分解使有害氣體無害化的功能，因此，較好得適合用作 建築物之内部裝飾建材等。 【先前技術】 古以來一直採用結構 在夏季咼溫多濕之曰本，建築物 上考慮到通風性、 節性之材料的房屋200916431 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a functional building material which has excellent humidity control ability and has harmful gases such as volatile organic compounds adsorbed and decomposed by harmful decomposition. The function of harmlessness is therefore suitable for use as an interior decoration building material for buildings. [Prior Art] The structure has been used in the ancient times. In the summer, the house is warm and humid, and the buildings with ventilation and knotty materials are considered in the building.
且材質上使用木材、土牆等具有濕度調 。但是近年來，隨著空調設備之發展， 要求提昇建築物之氣密性，並且，可實現該要求之新建材 之開發亦得到進步，各種新建材開始投人使用。該等新建 材之氣密i± m進而隔音性能優異，在使用空調設 備時不會出現結露等問題，但是濕度調節功能並不充分， 當不使用空調時，會出現建材表面結露之問題。And the material uses wood, earth wall, etc. with humidity adjustment. However, in recent years, with the development of air-conditioning equipment, it has been required to improve the airtightness of buildings, and the development of new building materials that can achieve this requirement has also progressed, and various new building materials have begun to be put into use. The airtightness of these new materials is excellent, and the sound insulation performance is excellent. When using air conditioning equipment, there is no problem such as condensation, but the humidity adjustment function is not sufficient. When the air conditioner is not used, there is a problem of condensation on the surface of the building material.
另外，由於建築物之氣密性得到提高，故由該等新建 材、傢具中所使用之接著劑、塗料或地板材料中所使用之 防腐劑所產生的V0C㈣atile。哪仏⑶师。—，揮發性 有機物貝）所k成之室内污染作為新居症候群之原因而成 為更嚴重之問題。 、針對，者之結露問題’中請人提出了利用專利文獻】之 濕度調I卩建材，作為吸放濕特性優異之内部裝飾用建材。 該專利文獻1之濕度調節建材表現出高吸放濕速度、高吸 放濕容量，且機械特性亦較為優異，故若將其用作内部裝 132952.doc 200916431 飾用建材，則可保持居住空間具有舒適之濕度。 另一方面，針對後者之v〇c問題，上述專利文獻1之濕 度調節建材亦藉由基材中所含之多孔狀材料而具有吸附 v〇c等的功能。但是，存在以下問題，即，其吸附量有 限，若長時間使用而達到飽和吸附量後，則會將所吸附之 v〇c或氣味難聞成分等再次釋放出等。 [專利文獻1]日本專利第3762851號公報 【發明内容】 [發明所欲解決之問題] 本發明之目的在於提供一種功能性建材，其保持了上述 專利文獻1中所揭示之濕度調節建材的優異之吸放濕特 性，進一步提高對或氣味難聞成分等的吸附能力，並 且對該濕度調節建材附加了使該等所吸附之物質無害化的 功能。 [解決問題之技術手段] 本發明者等人為達成上述目的而銳意研究，結果發現， 藉由在上述專利文獻丨中所揭示之濕度調節建材之製造過 耘中，於咼溫、高壓下對成型體進行熟化，可形成具有包 含微細之微孔之結構的矽酸鈣水合物，從而獲得具有優異 之濕度調節速度及濕度調節容量、且可將使v〇c或氣味難 聞成分無害化而不會再次釋放出voc或氣味難聞成分的功 能性建材’從而完成了本發明。 即，本發明提供一種功能性建材，其包含矽酸鈣水合 物’ 5亥矽酸鈣水合物係藉由將使含有3 0〜75質量。/〇之石夕藻 132952.doc 200916431 土之原料成型而獲得的無機成型體，於15〇〜2〇(rc之溫度 下、且於470〜1560 kPa之壓力下熟化而獲得的，且具有包 含微細之微孔的結構。 [發明之效果] 本發明之功能性建#，當然具有足以作為建築物之内部 裝倚用建材的機械特性、以及優異之濕度調節功能，而 且，其對引起新居症候群之voc或氣味難聞成分等的吸附 能力較為優異，且具有藉由弱鹼性水而使該等所吸附之物 質溶解、分解從而使其等無害化的功能，因此具有可長時 間地防止室内空氣污染、保持環境舒適的性能，於廣泛用 於建築領域中。 【實施方式】 以下，根據其較佳製造方法對本發明之功能性建材進行 說明。 於本發明之功能性建材中，矽藻土係用以獲得具有微細 之微孔之矽酸鈣水合物的起始原料。起始原料中之矽藻土 含罝較多或較少時，均難以生成所需之矽酸鈣水合物，並 且亦會導致功能性建材之強度降低，故而，須避免調配過 多或過少之矽藻土。本發明中，對於矽藻土之調配量而 言，例如於矽藻土之Si〇2含量為78質量％之情形時，以質 量比計’使矽藻土占原料整體之3〇〜75%，較好的是 50〜70%，藉此，可獲得具有濕度調節性、對v〇c之弱鹼 性为解（無害化）以及強度均優異之特性的功能性建材。 根據產狀、產地之不同，矽藻土之成分組成有所變化。 132952.doc 200916431 若為變化較大之矽藻土 ’則可修正調配量之後使用，較好 的疋使用Si〇2含量為70%以上之石夕藻土。當使用；§i〇2含量 未達70°/。之矽藻土時，會由於雜質之影響而無法充分反 應’有可能無法獲得所需之微孔。 作為除矽藻土以外之無機成型體之原料成分，可列舉熟 石灰、矽砂、石膏、波來鐵、研磨粉等，除該等無機材料 以外’亦可含有紙漿、纖維（無機、有機）等。 本發明中所使用之無機成型體，最合適的是以抄造方式 而成型，但只要是壓製成型等板狀建材之製造方法，則無 論使用何種方法性能上均不會產生差異。於作為一例以抄 造方式而成型之情形時，無機成型體之原料較好的是使用 包含30〜75質量％之矽藻土、20〜40質量％之熟石灰、丨〜1〇 質量％之矽砂、1〜10質量％之石膏、卜1〇質量％之紙漿以 及〇· 1〜3質量％之纖維的原料。 為了使得可實現抄造方式之成型，要求抄造前之漿料具 有一定程度之黏性，可藉由於原料中調配石膏而賦予黏 〇 性。於調配石膏之情形時，以質量比計，石膏量較好的是 原料整體之丨〜^/。，更好的是3〜7%。當石膏量少於1%時 會變得難以抄造。另外，若變得難以抄造，則無法添加用 以賦予充分之濕度調節能力的石夕藻土。另—方面當石膏 量大於10。/。時，有時會由於膨脹而引起爆裂故而並 佳。 作為石嘗，無論天然品還是合成品，均可使用生石膏、 燒石膏、硬石膏中之任一種。 132952.doc 200916431 本發明中，當㈣料中調配熟石灰時，於成型後之熟化 過程中，熟石灰會將梦砂及石夕藻土之_部分作為_，而 形成雪矽鈣石形態（5Ca0.6Si〇2. nH2〇)之矽酸鈣。 理論上而言，形成雪销石之加_2之莫耳比必須設 定為接近0.83之值，但是由於與Ca〇相比，以〇2之溶解度 較低’故而較好的是設定為Si量過剩。 當於原料中調配熟石灰時，以質量比計，熟石灰之調配 量較好的是原料整體之20〜40%，更好的是25〜35%。若熟 石灰之量過多，則為了在成形體中獲得微細之微孔而需要 之矽藻土的殘留量減少，無法獲得充分之濕度調節性、 VOC之弱鹼性分解(無害化），反之，若熟石灰之量過少， 則有時石夕酸約之產量減少，無法獲得具有足以作為建材之 強度的製品。 於本發明巾，可將料作切酸狀—種Si源而調配於 原料中。自於石夕砂與Ca之反應速度較，陵，故而可限制反應 速度較快之石夕藻土與Ca源之反應速度’使其結晶化變得容 易’故而較好的是將石夕砂調配於原料中。當於原料中調配 石夕砂時’以質量比計，石夕砂之調配量較好的是原料整體之 1〜10%，更好的是1〜5%。 本發明所使用之無機成型體之原料中，除上述無機材料 以夕f，亦可調配紙漿及纖維。紙漿及纖維對提高成型體之 強度及1)7性發揮較大之作用。作為該纖維，可使用海泡 石、石夕灰石等纖維狀無機物’螺縈、尼龍、聚丙稀、聚 酉曰、維尼綸等有機纖維，較好的是使用長度為3〜12 132952.doc 200916431 ，則會導致 纖維而形成 引起外觀不 粗度為10〜150 #111者。若長度及粗度不適當 無法充分表現出纖維之特性，或者會由於添加 特殊之結塊，反而導致強度及熱特性下降， 良。 當於原料中調配纖維時，以質量比計，纖維之調配量較 好的是原料整體之〇.卜3%，更好的是G5〜2()%。原因在 於：若纖維之調配量過少’則無法充分發揮出添加效果即In addition, since the airtightness of the building is improved, the VOC (a) atile produced by the preservatives used in the new materials and furniture, paints or flooring materials used in the furniture. Where is the (3) division. - Indoor pollution caused by volatile organic compounds has become a more serious problem as a cause of new home syndrome. In the case of the problem of the condensation of the person, the person who proposed the use of the patent document] is a humidity-adjusting I卩 building material, which is used as an interior decoration building material with excellent moisture absorption and desorption characteristics. The humidity-regulating building material of Patent Document 1 exhibits a high moisture absorption and desorption rate, a high moisture absorption and desorption capacity, and is excellent in mechanical properties. Therefore, if it is used as an internal decoration material for the interior installation 132952.doc 200916431, the living space can be maintained. Comfortable humidity. On the other hand, in the latter case, the humidity-regulating building material of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 also has a function of adsorbing v〇c or the like by the porous material contained in the substrate. However, there is a problem in that the amount of adsorption is limited, and if it is used for a long period of time and reaches a saturated adsorption amount, the adsorbed v〇c or an unpleasant smell component or the like is released again. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 3762851 [Disclosure] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a functional building material which is excellent in the humidity-regulating building material disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above. The moisture absorption and desorption characteristics further improve the adsorption ability to an unpleasant component such as an odor, and a function of detoxifying the adsorbed substance to the humidity-regulating building material. [Means for Solving the Problem] The present inventors have intensively studied to achieve the above object, and as a result, found that the molding of the humidity-regulating building material disclosed in the above-mentioned patent document 对 is formed at a temperature and a high pressure. The body is aged to form a calcium ruthenate hydrate having a structure containing fine micropores, thereby obtaining an excellent humidity adjustment speed and a humidity-regulating capacity, and the v〇c or the odor-insensitive component can be rendered harmless without The present invention has been completed by releasing functional materials of voc or odorous components again. That is, the present invention provides a functional building material comprising a calcium ruthenate hydrate, a calcium citrate hydrate, which will contain a mass of from 30 to 75. /〇之石夕藻132952.doc 200916431 The inorganic molded body obtained by molding the raw material of the earth is obtained by aging at a temperature of rc at a temperature of 470 to 1560 The structure of the fine micropores. [Effects of the Invention] The functional construction of the present invention, of course, has sufficient mechanical properties as a building material for building interiors, and an excellent humidity control function, and it also causes a new residence syndrome. The vocabulary or the odor-inducing component and the like have excellent adsorption ability, and have a function of dissolving and decomposing the adsorbed substances by weakly alkaline water to make them harmless, thereby preventing indoors for a long period of time. Air pollution and performance to maintain environmental comfort are widely used in the field of construction. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the functional building material of the present invention will be described based on a preferred manufacturing method. In the functional building material of the present invention, diatomaceous earth It is used to obtain a starting material of calcium citrate hydrate having fine micropores. When the diatomaceous earth in the starting material contains more or less strontium, it is difficult to form Calcium citrate hydrate, and also causes the strength of functional building materials to decrease, so it is necessary to avoid mixing too much or too little diatomaceous earth. In the present invention, for the amount of diatomaceous earth, for example, diatomaceous earth When the Si〇2 content is 78% by mass, the mass ratio is 'the diatomaceous earth accounts for 3 to 75%, preferably 50 to 70%, of the entire raw material, whereby humidity adjustability can be obtained. Functional building materials with weak alkalinity of v〇c as a solution (innocuous) and excellent strength. The composition of the diatomaceous earth varies depending on the form and origin. 132952.doc 200916431 The diatomaceous earth with a large change can be used after correcting the blending amount. It is better to use Shixiazao with a Si〇2 content of 70% or more. When used, the §i〇2 content is less than 70°/. In the case of diatomaceous earth, it may not be able to fully react due to the influence of impurities. 'There may be no pores required. As a raw material component of the inorganic molded body other than diatomaceous earth, slaked lime, strontium sand, gypsum, and wave are listed. Iron, abrasive powder, etc., in addition to these inorganic materials' Pulp, fiber (inorganic, organic), etc. may be contained. The inorganic molded body used in the present invention is most preferably formed by a papermaking method, but it is used as long as it is a method for producing a sheet-like building material such as press molding. In the case where the method is formed by a papermaking method, the raw material of the inorganic molded body preferably contains 30 to 75 mass% of diatomaceous earth, 20 to 40% by mass of slaked lime,丨 〇 〇 〇 〇 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The slurry has a certain degree of viscosity and can be imparted with adhesiveness by blending gypsum in the raw material. In the case of blending gypsum, in terms of mass ratio, the amount of gypsum is preferably 整体~^/ of the whole raw material. The better is 3 to 7%. When the amount of gypsum is less than 1%, it becomes difficult to make a paper. Further, if it becomes difficult to make a sheet, it is impossible to add Shishizao soil for imparting sufficient humidity control ability. On the other hand, when the amount of gypsum is greater than 10. /. At the same time, it sometimes causes a burst due to expansion and is preferable. As a stone taste, any of raw gypsum, calcined gypsum, and anhydrite can be used regardless of whether it is a natural product or a synthetic product. 132952.doc 200916431 In the present invention, when the slaked lime is blended in the (four) material, the slaked lime will form the shoal of the shoal and the shoal of the shoal of the shoal in the aging process after the forming (5Ca0. 6Si〇2. nH2〇) calcium citrate. Theoretically, the molar ratio of 2.8 formed snow stone must be set to a value close to 0.83, but since the solubility of 〇2 is lower than that of Ca ', it is better to set the amount of Si. excess. When the slaked lime is blended in the raw material, the blending amount of the slaked lime is preferably 20 to 40%, more preferably 25 to 35%, based on the mass ratio. When the amount of slaked lime is too large, the amount of diatomaceous earth required to obtain fine pores in the molded body is reduced, and sufficient humidity adjustability and weak alkaline decomposition (innocuousness) of VOC cannot be obtained. When the amount of slaked lime is too small, the yield of the sulphuric acid is sometimes reduced, and a product having sufficient strength as a building material cannot be obtained. In the towel of the present invention, the material can be formulated into a raw material as a source of Si. Since the reaction speed of Shixia sand and Ca is higher than that of Ling, it can limit the reaction speed of Shixiazao and Ca source, which makes the reaction speed faster, making it easier to crystallize. Therefore, it is better to use Shixia sand. Formulated in raw materials. When the Shixia sand is blended in the raw material, the blending amount of the Shixia sand is preferably from 1 to 10%, more preferably from 1 to 5%, based on the mass ratio. In the raw material of the inorganic molded body used in the present invention, in addition to the above inorganic material, pulp and fibers may be blended. Pulp and fiber play a large role in improving the strength and 1) properties of the molded body. As the fiber, fibrous organic materials such as sepiolite and shisha, such as snail, nylon, polypropylene, polyfluorene, vinylon, and the like, may be used, and it is preferably used in a length of 3 to 12,132,952. 200916431, will lead to the formation of fibers caused by the appearance of the thickness of 10~150 #111. If the length and thickness are not appropriate, the characteristics of the fiber cannot be sufficiently exhibited, or the addition of special agglomerates may result in a decrease in strength and thermal characteristics. When the fiber is blended in the raw material, the blending amount of the fiber is preferably 3% by weight of the raw material as a whole, and more preferably G5 2 (2%). The reason is that if the amount of fiber blended is too small, the additive effect cannot be fully exerted.
強度表現；若過多，則分散性降低而形成結塊，導致強度 降低。 作為上述、，氏漿’可使用木材紙漿、竹紙漿' 廢紙浆、棉 絨紙聚等各種紙聚，較好的是占生產量之9()%的木材紙 漿並且無須使用原紙漿，即便使用利用廢紙而製造之回 收紙漿，使用時特性上亦不會產生任何問題，若亦考慮到 成本，則回收紙漿為最佳材料。另外，亦可將紙漿叩解後 使用。 若上述紙裝之纖維長度在0.3〜6 mm之範圍内，較好的是 〇·5〜4 mm之範圍内，則不僅與無機材料之混合性優異，且 可獲得韌性等特性優異之建材板。 當於原料中調配紙漿時，以質量比計，紙漿之調配量較 好的是原料整體之1〜10%，更好的是2〜5%。原因在於：若 紙紫之調配量較少’則無法充分發揮出添加效果即強度表 現’若過多，則會由於分散性降低而形成結塊，導致強度 下降。 另外’本發明中所使用之無機成型體之原料中亦可調配 132952.doc 200916431 波來鐵。就混合性、強度方面而言，較好的是使用粒徑為 0.6 mm以下之波來鐵。而且，對於調配於原料中之調配量 而言，若增加調配量則可實現更高之輕質化，但是調配量 過高則會導致強度下降，故而較好的是以質量比計為原料 整體之10%以下，特別好的是1〜5%。 本發明之功能性建材係於製造之最後階段，使用砂磨機 進行研磨，以此來調整成形體之厚度，從而形成製品，此 時所產生之細粉體（研磨粉）可作為原料而加以再利用。調 配研磨粉可有效地降低成本，但過剩之調配會導致強度下 降，故而調配量較好的是，以質量比計為原料整體之1〇% 以下，特別好的是2〜70/〇。 本發明中所使用之無機成型體之通常的製造方法如下， 首先，將上述石夕藻土、石夕砂、熟石灰、石膏、纖維以及紙 漿調配特定量，然後視需要添加研磨粉、波來鐵，將所得 之原料與水加以攪拌、混合，製備出漿料。當藉由抄造方 式成型時，較好的是製備濃度為2〜5°/。之漿料。當使用其 他成型法時，將漿料濃度調整成適合於製法之漿料濃度。 成型較好的是使用該漿料之抄造方式，但亦可使用公知 之各種板狀建材之製造方法。以通常之方法來進行抄造即 可。對於抄造後之原板，經過壓製等成型步驟之後，將其 切斷，從而獲得厚度較最終製品即功能性建材之特定厚度 厚1〜2 mm的無機成型體。 本發明之功能性建材係藉由如下方式而獲得：於 150〜2〇〇C之溫度下、較好的是於160〜18(Tc之溫度下，且 132952.doc -12- 200916431 於470〜1560 kPa之壓力下、較好的是61〇〜1〇1〇 kpa之壓力 下，將以上述方式而獲得之無機成型體熟化。 熟化可於咼壓鍋中進行。於該步驟中，無機成型體中之 矽藻土進行反應，形成具有包含利用矽藻土之微孔而成長 之微細之微孔之結構的雪矽鈣石形態的矽酸鈣水合物。 右熟化溫度過低，則無法充分反應，從而無法獲得所期 望之微孔。若熟化溫度過高，則會形成硬矽鈣石形態 (6Ca〇6Si〇2‘H2〇)，亦無法獲得所期望之微孔。另外，若 熟化壓力過低，則無法充分反應，從而無法獲得所期望之 微孔。若熟化壓力過高，則會形成硬矽鈣石形態，亦無法 獲得所期望之微孔。 本發明之功能性建材中，上述矽酸鈣水合物係具有孔徑 為2〜2〇〇 nm、較好的是2〜50 nm之微孔，且含水率為2〜3〇 質量％、較好的是2〜2〇質量％的矽酸鈣水合物，較好的 疋，該微孔之内部含有除矽酸鈣結合水以外之游離之弱鹼 性水。 右上述微孔之孔徑過小，則吸附能力降低，而導致有害 氣體之分解能力下降。若上述微孔之孔徑過大，則氣體會 產生分散，亦導致氣體分解能力下降。 上述微孔之孔徑可藉由矽藻土量、熟化溫度、熟化壓力 而加以調整。 另外，上述含水率可藉由將熟化後之硬化體，於例如 100-150 C下乾燥0.5〜1小時左^而加以調$。若上述含水 率過低，則弱驗性水之含量減少，驗性分解能力T降。若 132952.doc -13 - 200916431 上述含水率過高，則板自身之強度下降，無法確保作 材之性能。 … 通常，將含水率已調整之硬化體研磨至特定厚度，且修 整成特定尺寸，作為最終製品（本發明之功能性建材）。並 且，亦可對最終製品使用透濕性之塗料、布料，以此來對 其表面進行精裝飾。 [實施例]Strength performance; if too much, the dispersibility is lowered to form agglomerates, resulting in a decrease in strength. As the above, the slurry can be made of various kinds of paper such as wood pulp, bamboo pulp, waste paper pulp, cotton lint paper, etc., preferably 9% of the production amount of wood pulp and no need to use the original pulp, even if The use of recycled pulp made from waste paper does not cause any problems in its use. If cost is considered, recycled pulp is the best material. Alternatively, the pulp can be used after it has been dissolved. When the fiber length of the paper is in the range of 0.3 to 6 mm, preferably in the range of 〇5 to 4 mm, it is excellent not only in miscibility with an inorganic material but also in building materials having excellent properties such as toughness. . When the pulp is blended in the raw material, the blending amount of the pulp is preferably from 1 to 10%, more preferably from 2 to 5%, based on the total mass of the raw material. The reason is that if the amount of paper purple is small, the effect of the addition, that is, the strength is not sufficiently exhibited. If the amount is too large, the agglomeration is lowered to form agglomerates, resulting in a decrease in strength. Further, the raw material of the inorganic molded body used in the present invention may be blended with 132952.doc 200916431. In terms of mixing property and strength, it is preferred to use a wave of iron having a particle diameter of 0.6 mm or less. Moreover, for the blending amount to be blended in the raw material, if the blending amount is increased, a higher light weight can be achieved, but if the blending amount is too high, the strength is lowered, so that it is preferable to use the mass ratio as the raw material as a whole. 10% or less, particularly preferably 1 to 5%. The functional building material of the present invention is used in the final stage of manufacture, and is ground by a sand mill to adjust the thickness of the formed body to form a product, and the fine powder (grinding powder) produced at this time can be used as a raw material. Reuse. The blending of the abrasive powder can effectively reduce the cost, but the excessive blending results in a decrease in strength. Therefore, the blending amount is preferably 1% by weight or less based on the mass ratio, particularly preferably 2 to 70/Torr. The general production method of the inorganic molded body used in the present invention is as follows. First, the above-mentioned Shiyoshizao, Shishi sand, slaked lime, gypsum, fiber, and pulp are blended in a specific amount, and then, if necessary, abrasive powder or wave iron is added. The obtained raw materials and water are stirred and mixed to prepare a slurry. When molding by a papermaking method, it is preferred to prepare a concentration of 2 to 5 ° /. Slurry. When other molding methods are used, the slurry concentration is adjusted to a slurry concentration suitable for the preparation. The molding method using the slurry is preferably used, but a known method for producing various plate-shaped building materials can also be used. It can be done in the usual way. The original sheet after the sheeting is subjected to a molding step such as pressing, and then cut to obtain an inorganic molded body having a thickness of 1 to 2 mm thicker than the specific thickness of the final product, i.e., the functional building material. The functional building material of the present invention is obtained by a temperature of 150 to 2 〇〇C, preferably 160 to 18 (at a temperature of Tc, and 132952.doc -12-200916431 at 470~) The inorganic molded body obtained in the above manner is aged under a pressure of 1560 kPa, preferably 61 〇 to 1 〇 1 〇 kpa. The aging can be carried out in a mashing pot. In this step, inorganic molding is carried out. The diatomaceous earth in the body is reacted to form a calcium citrate hydrate having a structure of sillimanite having a structure in which micropores grown by micropores of diatomaceous earth are used. When the temperature of the right ripening is too low, the calcium citrate is insufficient. The reaction makes it impossible to obtain the desired micropores. If the curing temperature is too high, a hard calcareous rock morphology (6Ca〇6Si〇2'H2〇) is formed, and the desired micropores are not obtained. If it is too low, it will not be fully reacted, and the desired micropores will not be obtained. If the curing pressure is too high, a hard calcite morphology will be formed and the desired micropores will not be obtained. In the functional building material of the present invention, the above Calcium citrate hydrate has a pore size of 2~2 〇〇nm, preferably 2 to 50 nm micropores, and a water content of 2 to 3 〇 mass%, preferably 2 to 2 〇 mass% of calcium citrate hydrate, preferably 疋, The inside of the micropore contains free weakly alkaline water other than calcium citrate combined with water. If the pore diameter of the above micropores is too small, the adsorption capacity is lowered, and the decomposition ability of the harmful gas is lowered. If the pore diameter of the micropores is too large, Then, the gas is dispersed and the gas decomposition ability is lowered. The pore diameter of the micropores can be adjusted by the amount of diatomaceous earth, the aging temperature, and the aging pressure. Further, the water content can be obtained by curing the cured body. For example, drying at 100-150 C for 0.5 to 1 hour left is adjusted to $. If the above water content is too low, the content of the weak water is reduced, and the test decomposition ability T is lowered. If 132952.doc -13 - 200916431 If the water content is too high, the strength of the sheet itself is lowered, and the performance of the material cannot be ensured. Generally, the hardened body having the moisture content adjusted is ground to a specific thickness and trimmed to a specific size as a final product (function of the present invention) Sexual building materials). And may also be used for the final product moisture permeability of coatings, fabrics, in order to finish the surface of the decoration. [Example]
以下，列舉實施例及比較例，對本發明進行更詳細之說 明。 " 實施例1 (1) 原料組成以及漿料之製備 於水中，加入含有叩解木材原紙漿27質量份、叩解木 材回收紙漿1.3質量份及未叩解木材原紙漿〇 9質量份的紙 漿類，以及長度為3 mm之嫘縈〇.8質量份，形成固形分濃 度為2質ι %之懸浮液’於該懸浮液中，添加石夕砂2質量 伤石夕藻土 50質量份、石膏5質量份、熟石灰3〇質量份、 海泡石1.1質量份、波來鐵2.7質量份以及研磨粉3.5質量 份，然後加以攪拌、混合，獲得抄造用之漿料。 (2) 無機成型體之製造（成型） 使用圓網抄造機抄造上述漿料，對所獲得之原板加壓， 從而獲得厚度約為1 5 mm之成型體原板。將該成型體原板 切斷成2420 mm之長度，然後進行壓製，藉此獲得厚度約 為11.5 mm之無機成型體。 (3) 熟化以及研磨 132952.doc • 14 · 200916431 將上述無機成型體，於高壓鍋中，於180 °C、1003 kPa(10個大氣壓）之條件下熟化6小時以上，獲得硬化體。 將該硬化體自高壓鍋中取出，於110 °C下乾燥35分鐘之 後，對表面進行研磨及修整，獲得寬度900 mmx長度2420 mmx厚度9 · 5 mm的本發明之功能性建材。 實施例2 除了將實施例1中之矽藻土、矽砂、以及熟石灰之調配 量分別改為，珪藻土 35質量份、矽砂37質量份、熟石灰10 f ： 質量份以外，以與實施例1相同之組成及製造方法而獲得 本發明之功能性建材。 比較例1 將市售之石膏板（9.5 mmt)作為比較例1之建材。 比較例2 除了將實施例1中之對無機成型體進行熟化處理改為於 1 80°C、大氣壓下進行以外，以與實施例1相同之組成及製 造方法而獲得建材。 各例之概要如表1所示。 [表Π 組成(質量份） 特性 矽藻土 熟石灰 石夕砂 微孔徑分布(nm) 全部微孔容積(ml/g) 實施例1 50 30 2 3〜50 0,436 實施例2 35 37 10 5〜80 0.194 比較例1 石膏板市售品 3〜80 0.044 比較例2 組成：實施例1 ;熟化：180°c ' —個大氣壓 2〜50 0.152 評價試驗例1 132952.doc -15- 200916431 對實施例1〜2中所獲得的本發明之功能性建材以及比較 例1〜2中所獲得的建材之機械特性進行評價。機械特性之 評價項目、其測定方法、及測定結果如表2所示。 [表2] 項目 單位 實施例1 實施例2 比較例1 比較例2 測定法 容積比重 - 0.7 0.85 0.7 0.7 JISA5430 含水率 % 6 5 0.6 0 JISA5430 彎曲強度 N/mm2 8.3 9.8 7.4 2.4 JISA1408 層間強度 N/mm2 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.3 JIS Z5536 拔釘阻力值 N/根 340 840 20 57 JISZ2101 由表2所示之測定結果可知，本發明之功能性建材在強 度方面，當然具有能夠充分承受搬運時所施加之負載的彎 曲強度，並且表現出可進行鋸切之硬度、以及可拔釘且充 分之拔釘阻力值等，具有作為内部裝飾材之加工性亦較為 優異的特性。 評價試驗例2 使用電子顯微鏡、XRD(X射線繞射儀，X-ray I diffractometer)，對實施例1中所獲得的本發明之功能性建 材的微細結構進行分析。電子顯微鏡觀察結果如圖1所 示，XRD結果如圖3所示。 另外，原料矽藻土之電子顯微鏡觀察結果如圖2所示。 根據該等測定結果可瞭解如下事項。實施例1中所獲得 之本發明之功能性建材中，由圖1所示之電子顯微鏡觀察 結果可知，如圖2所示之天然矽藻土所特有的坑洞狀之整 齊劃一的形狀消失，而於其中觀察到生成了具備微細之微 132952.doc -16- 200916431 孔結構的酸名弓水合物。 另外，對於實施例！所獲得之本發明之功能性建材，根 據圖3所示之XRD結果可確認，產生特徵性之雪矽鈣石形 態的石夕酸約之波♦’並且’才艮據表i所示之微孔徑分布測 定結果可確認，該功能性建材具有2~5〇 nm之微孔。實施 例2中所獲得的本發明之功能性建材（矽藻土量為35質量份） 的全部微孔容積，約為實施例丨中所獲得的本發明之功能 f)Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples and comparative examples. <Example 1 (1) Preparation of raw material composition and slurry In water, a pulp containing 27 parts by mass of decomposed wood pulp, 1.3 parts by mass of wood-recycled pulp, and 9 parts by mass of unresolved wood pulp, and 8 parts by mass of 3 mm, forming a suspension having a solid concentration of 2 mass%, in the suspension, adding 50 mass parts of Shixia sand, 2 masses of stone, and 5 mass of gypsum Parts, slaked lime 3 parts by mass, sepiolite 1.1 parts by mass, 2.7 parts by mass of bun iron, and 3.5 parts by mass of abrasive powder, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a slurry for papermaking. (2) Production (molding) of the inorganic molded body The above-mentioned slurry was prepared by a rotary screen machine, and the obtained original plate was pressed to obtain a molded body original plate having a thickness of about 15 mm. The original body of the molded body was cut into a length of 2420 mm, and then pressed, whereby an inorganic molded body having a thickness of about 11.5 mm was obtained. (3) Curing and polishing 132952.doc • 14 · 200916431 The above-mentioned inorganic molded body was aged in an autoclave at 180 ° C and 1003 kPa (10 atm) for 6 hours or more to obtain a hardened body. The hardened body was taken out from the autoclave and dried at 110 ° C for 35 minutes, and then the surface was ground and trimmed to obtain a functional building material of the present invention having a width of 900 mm x a length of 2420 mm x a thickness of 9 · 5 mm. Example 2 except that the blending amount of diatomaceous earth, cerium, and slaked lime in Example 1 was changed to 35 parts by mass of diatomaceous earth, 37 parts by mass of cerium, and 10 parts by mass of slaked lime, respectively, and Example 1 The functional building materials of the present invention are obtained by the same composition and manufacturing method. Comparative Example 1 A commercially available gypsum board (9.5 mmt) was used as the building material of Comparative Example 1. Comparative Example 2 A building material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inorganic molded body in Example 1 was subjected to aging treatment at 1800 ° C under atmospheric pressure. The outline of each example is shown in Table 1. [Table Π Composition (mass parts) Characteristics Microalgae distribution (nm) of the diatomaceous earth hydrated limestone sandstone All pore volume (ml/g) Example 1 50 30 2 3~50 0,436 Example 2 35 37 10 5~80 0.194 Comparative Example 1 Gypsum board commercially available 3 to 80 0.044 Comparative Example 2 Composition: Example 1; aging: 180 ° c '-atmospheric pressure 2 to 50 0.152 Evaluation Test Example 1 132952.doc -15- 200916431 For Example 1 The functional building materials of the present invention obtained in ～2 and the mechanical properties of the building materials obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were evaluated. The evaluation items of the mechanical properties, the measurement methods thereof, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2. [Table 2] Project unit Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Determination volume specific gravity - 0.7 0.85 0.7 0.7 JISA5430 Moisture content % 6 5 0.6 0 JISA5430 Bending strength N/mm2 8.3 9.8 7.4 2.4 JISA1408 Interlayer strength N/ Mm2 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.3 JIS Z5536 Pulling resistance value N/root 340 840 20 57 JISZ2101 It can be seen from the measurement results shown in Table 2 that the functional building material of the present invention is of course capable of sufficiently supporting the load applied during transportation. The bending strength is excellent in the workability which can be sawn, the nail pullable and the nail pull resistance value, and the workability as an interior decoration material. Evaluation Test Example 2 The microstructure of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 1 was analyzed using an electron microscope, XRD (X-ray I diffractometer). The results of the electron microscope observation are shown in Fig. 1, and the XRD results are shown in Fig. 3. In addition, the electron microscope observation result of the raw material diatomaceous earth is shown in Fig. 2. Based on these measurement results, the following items can be understood. In the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 1, it can be seen from the observation results of the electron microscope shown in Fig. 1 that the shape of the pit-like shape which is unique to the natural diatomaceous earth shown in Fig. 2 disappears. It was observed that an acid name hydrate was formed which had a pore structure of fine micro 132952.doc -16-200916431. Also, for the embodiment! According to the XRD results shown in Fig. 3, the obtained functional building material of the present invention can be confirmed to produce a characteristic slaked limestone form of the yttrium acid wave ♦ 'and 'only according to the table i As a result of the pore size distribution measurement, it was confirmed that the functional building material has micropores of 2 to 5 nm. The total pore volume of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 2 (the amount of diatomaceous earth was 35 parts by mass) was approximately the function of the present invention obtained in Example f f)
性建材的1/2 ’比較例丨之建材（石膏板）約為其ι/ι〇，比較 例2中所獲得之建材（實施例丨之大氣熟化）約為其1/3(參照 表1)。 評價試驗例3 以如下方法，測定實施例丨〜2所獲得的本發明之功能性 建材以及比較例1之建材（市售之石膏板）的濕度調節特性。 使用3片約300 mm見方之試片進行測定。將於2(rc、相對 濕度為60%之環境下放置了 72小時之試片，轉移至汕艽、 相對濕度為90%之環境下，測定24小時以内之重量變化（增 加），檢查吸濕特性。然後，再次轉移至2〇t、相對渴^ 為60❶/。之環境下，測定24小時以内之重量變化（減少卜二 測定結果如圖4所示。 根據圖4中所示之測定結果可瞭解如下事項。實施例丨〜2 所獲得的本發明之功能性建材在吸、放濕速度以及吸、放 濕量兩方面均顯著優於比較例丨之建材（市售之石膏板” 評價試驗例4 參照JIS K1475(活性碳試驗方法、溶劑蒸汽之吸附性 132952.doc 200916431 能），以下述方法來對實施例1〜2中所獲得的本發明之功能 性建材、以及比較例1〜2中所獲得的建材的VOC或氣味難 聞物質的鹼性水溶解、分解特性進行測定。測定中，使用 自最終製品切割出之50 mm見方之試片。將側面及底面被 覆有鋁帶且重量經測定的試片插入至1.2 L(liter，升）之密 閉容器内，使調整氣體以2 L/min之流速流動，吸附氣味 難聞物質。經過1小時後取出試片，測定重量，檢查吸附 量，再次將試片插入至密閉容器内，使調整氣體流動。重 ( 複進行該操作，直至每1小時試片之增量為5 mg以下為 止，將增量部分作為氣味難聞物質吸附量。作為調整氣 體，係使用含有1000 ppm左右之甲醛、乙酸的氣體。其結 果如表3所示。 [表3] 氣味難聞物質吸附量(g/m2) 甲醛 乙酸 實施例1 33(不飽和：測定8小時後） 317(不飽和：測定8小時後） 實施例2 24(不飽和：測定8小時後） 134(不飽和：測定8小時後） 比較例1 5·5(飽和） 5.6(飽和） 比較例2 14(飽和） 64(不飽和：測定8小時後） 如表3所示，實施例1中所獲得之本發明之功能性建材的 每1小時之增量不會在5 mg以下，即便測定經過了 8小時， 吸附量亦未達到飽和，8小時後之吸附量為：曱醛33 g/m2、乙酸317g/m2。尤其是當為在水中之溶解度為無限 的乙酸之情形時，吸附量較為顯著，因此可認為，乙酸被 該功能性建材吸附、並經弱鹼性水溶解、分解。 132952.doc -18- 200916431 實施例2中所獲得的建材（矽 後的甲醛吸附量為24 g/m2，不 售之石貧板）在最初之丨小時中 和，甲醛吸附量為5.5 g/m2。 藻土量為35質量份）的8小時 呈鹼性的比較例1之建材（市 ’增量為5 mg以下且達到飽 另外，比較例2中所獲得之建材的甲搭吸附量為14 g/m，乙酸吸附量為64 g/m2，為實施例！之一半以下。·、’ 評價試驗例5The building materials (gypsum board) of 1/2 'comparative example of the building materials is about ι/ι〇, and the building materials obtained in Comparative Example 2 (the atmosphere of the example 熟 is about 1/3) (refer to Table 1) ). Evaluation Test Example 3 The humidity-controlling properties of the functional building materials of the present invention obtained in Examples 丨 to 2 and the building materials of Comparative Example 1 (commercial gypsum board) were measured in the following manner. The measurement was carried out using three test pieces of about 300 mm square. The test piece placed in 2 (rc, relative humidity of 60%) for 72 hours, transferred to a 汕艽, relative humidity of 90%, measured within 24 hours of weight change (increase), check moisture absorption Then, after transferring to 2〇t and relative thirst ^60❶/, the weight change within 24 hours is measured (the decrease of the measurement results is shown in Fig. 4. According to the measurement results shown in Fig. 4 The following items can be understood. The functional building materials of the present invention obtained in the examples 丨~2 are significantly superior to the comparative examples of the building materials (commercially available gypsum board) in terms of suction and moisture release rates, as well as absorption and moisture release. Test Example 4 The functional building materials of the present invention obtained in Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1 were treated in the following manner with reference to JIS K1475 (activated carbon test method, solvent vapor adsorption 132952.doc 200916431). The alkaline water dissolution and decomposition characteristics of the VOC or the odorous substance obtained in 2 were measured. In the measurement, a test piece of 50 mm square cut from the final product was used, and the side and the bottom surface were covered with an aluminum tape. Weight The test piece was inserted into a 1.2 L (liter, liter) closed container, and the adjustment gas was flowed at a flow rate of 2 L/min to adsorb an unpleasant substance. After 1 hour, the test piece was taken out, the weight was measured, and the adsorption amount was examined. The test piece was again inserted into a closed container to allow the flow of the adjustment gas to flow. The operation was repeated until the increment of the test piece was 5 mg or less per hour, and the incremental portion was used as the amount of the bad smell substance. As the adjustment gas, a gas containing about 1000 ppm of formaldehyde or acetic acid was used. The results are shown in Table 3. [Table 3] Amount of odorous substance adsorbed (g/m2) Formaldehyde acetic acid Example 1 33 (unsaturated: After 8 hours of measurement) 317 (unsaturated: after 8 hours of measurement) Example 2 24 (unsaturated: after 8 hours of measurement) 134 (unsaturated: after 8 hours of measurement) Comparative Example 1 5·5 (saturated) 5.6 (saturated) Comparative Example 2 14 (saturated) 64 (unsaturated: after 8 hours of measurement) As shown in Table 3, the increment of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 1 was not more than 5 mg per hour. Even after 8 hours of measurement, the amount of adsorption did not reach And, after 8 hours, the adsorption amount is: furfural 33 g / m 2 , acetic acid 317 g / m2. Especially when the solubility in water is infinite, the amount of adsorption is more significant, so it can be considered that acetic acid is The functional building materials are adsorbed and dissolved and decomposed by weakly alkaline water. 132952.doc -18- 200916431 The building materials obtained in Example 2 (the amount of formaldehyde adsorbed after the crucible is 24 g/m2, and the stone is not sold) In the first hour of neutralization, the amount of formaldehyde adsorbed was 5.5 g/m2. The amount of algae soil was 35 parts by mass. The building materials of Comparative Example 1 were alkaline for 8 hours (the city's increment was 5 mg or less and saturated) The building material obtained in Comparative Example 2 had a nail adsorption amount of 14 g/m and an acetic acid adsorption amount of 64 g/m 2 , which is an example! Less than half. ·, evaluation test example 5
為了對本發明之功能性建材中，自由水之存在對v〇C之 吸附、分解能力的影響加以確認，進行以下試驗。 準備2片實施例！中所獲得的本發明之功能性建材之試 片’於1G5 C下’使其中之—達到絕對乾燥狀態。於 °C、相對濕度6G%下，使另—試片達到平衡含水率。利用 上述評價試驗例4之測定方法，測定該等兩片試片對乙酸 氣體之吸附量。 於測定8小時内，任一試片之小時之增量均不會在$ mg以下。可知，測定經過8小時之後，試片内不含自由水 之絕對乾燥品的乙酸氣體吸附量為52 g/m2，試片内含有自 由水之平衡含水率品為317 g/m2 ;當不含自由水時，吸 附、分解能力較低。據此可判斷，自由水之存在對於氣體 之分解而言極其重要。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係表示實施例1中所獲得的本發明之功能性建材之電 子顯微鏡觀察結果的電子顯微鏡照片（倍率為2〇〇〇〇倍）。 圖2係表示實施例丨中所使用的原料矽藻土之電子顯微鏡 132952.doc -19- 200916431 觀察、、’a果的電子顯微鏡照片（倍率為2〇〇〇〇倍）。 圖3係表示實施例1中所獲得的本發明之功能性建材之 XRD測定結果的圖。 圖4係表示評價試驗例3中所測定的各建材之濕度調節特 性（吸放濕量之經時變化）的圖。In order to confirm the influence of the presence of free water on the adsorption and decomposition ability of v〇C in the functional building material of the present invention, the following test was carried out. Prepare 2 examples! The test piece of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in the 'under 1G5 C' gives it an absolute dry state. At °C and relative humidity of 6G%, the other test piece is brought to equilibrium moisture content. The amount of adsorption of the two test pieces to the acetic acid gas was measured by the measurement method of the above evaluation test example 4. The increment of the hour of any test piece will not be less than $ mg within 8 hours of the measurement. It can be seen that after 8 hours of measurement, the amount of acetic acid gas adsorbed in the absolute dry product containing no free water in the test piece was 52 g/m2, and the equilibrium moisture content of the test piece containing free water was 317 g/m2; When free water, the adsorption and decomposition ability is low. From this it can be judged that the presence of free water is extremely important for the decomposition of gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an electron micrograph (magnification: 2〇〇〇〇) of an electron microscope observation result of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 1. Fig. 2 is an electron microscope photograph of the raw material diatomaceous earth used in the Example 132 132952.doc -19- 200916431, and an electron micrograph of the fruit of the fruit (the magnification is 2 times). Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of XRD measurement of the functional building material of the present invention obtained in Example 1. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the humidity control characteristics (changes in the moisture absorption and release time) of each building material measured in Test Example 3.
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