JP4027029B2 - Building material composition - Google Patents

Building material composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4027029B2
JP4027029B2 JP2000343469A JP2000343469A JP4027029B2 JP 4027029 B2 JP4027029 B2 JP 4027029B2 JP 2000343469 A JP2000343469 A JP 2000343469A JP 2000343469 A JP2000343469 A JP 2000343469A JP 4027029 B2 JP4027029 B2 JP 4027029B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
building material
material composition
vermiculite
building
molding
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JP2000343469A
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JP2002154864A5 (en
JP2002154864A (en
Inventor
恭彬 福田
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Priority to JP2000343469A priority Critical patent/JP4027029B2/en
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to CN01803611A priority patent/CN1395548A/en
Priority to US10/181,216 priority patent/US20030010258A1/en
Priority to EP01982752A priority patent/EP1340728A4/en
Priority to AU14272/02A priority patent/AU780369B2/en
Priority to TW90127878A priority patent/TWI228445B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2001/009847 priority patent/WO2002038516A1/en
Priority to CNB200510084298XA priority patent/CN100337761C/en
Publication of JP2002154864A publication Critical patent/JP2002154864A/en
Priority to ZA200205348A priority patent/ZA200205348B/en
Publication of JP2002154864A5 publication Critical patent/JP2002154864A5/ja
Priority to AU2005200501A priority patent/AU2005200501A1/en
Priority to US11/300,546 priority patent/US20060090674A1/en
Priority to US11/932,569 priority patent/US20080060316A1/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建材組成物およびそれを用いた建材ならびにそれらの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、建材の製造に際しては、種々の目的で基材が選択され、さらにそれらの各種基材に種々の材料が配合されることが多い。
そのなかで、鉱物系材料の一つとしてバーミキュライトがある。このバーミキュライト(ヒル石)は、黒雲母に類似した粘土鉱物であり、高温で脱水により層に垂直の方向に著しく膨張して、ヒルのように伸び多孔体となる。このため、断熱性、吸音性に優れるので、基材への配合材(充填材、増量材)、さらには基材として断熱材、吸音材をはじめとする各種建材に、その軽量化の目的と併せて用いられることが多い。一方、バ―ミキュライトは吸湿能力があまり高くないため、調湿材としてはまったく顧みられていない。
【0003】
したがって、上記のように、バーミキュライトを建材に配合する場合には、軽量化等を目的とするため膨張バーミキュライトを用いるのが通常である。たとえば、モルタル、コンクリート等のセメント製品に軽量骨材として利用されている。これに対し、未膨張のバーミキュライトは、上記の軽量化等の利点が得られないため、数%程度までの少量が、その耐酸、耐アルカリ等の特性を活かす特別な目的のために基材に配合されているに過ぎない。また、基材として実質的に未膨張バーミキュライトからなるボードを、内壁の裏側部分等に固定して、火災発生時に膨張させ、延焼を防止しようとする試みもなされているが、これは耐火性を利用した特定の基材として用いられるものである。
【0004】
一方、建材自体も、競合製品との差別化を図るため、種々の機能の付与が提案されている。そのなかで、調湿(吸放湿)および/または消臭、さらには美観を備えた建材についても種々の検討がなされているが、いまだに満足すべきものは見出されていない。すなわち、これらは比表面積が大きいものを利用して一定の成果を得ているが、特に、保水および保湿力が強すぎて放湿速度に難がある場合が多い。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明者は、天然資源としてのバーミキュライトのさらなる有効利用を図り、調湿および/または消臭、さらには美観の要請をも満たし得る、特に吸放湿の量および速度においてバランスに優れた建材を見出すべく、種々検討を行った。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
その結果、意外にも、基材、とくに、吸湿性はあるが放湿性が不十分な水硬性材料に未膨張バーミキュライトを配合することにより放湿能力を著しく向上させ、上述の課題を解決し得ることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は、活性化処理された未膨張バーミキュライトを基材に配合してなり、かつその配合量が全組成物(固形分)の5〜70質量%である建材組成物、およびこれを成形してなる建材ならびにこれらの製造方法にある。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において使用される基材は、後述するバーミキュライトの特性を実質的に劣化させないものであれば特に制限されないが、調湿および/または消臭の観点からは、親水性であるのが好適である。これは、親水性基材自身も調湿および/または消臭機能を有し、さらにはその表面から内部拡散した物質を未膨張バーミキュライトが吸着し得るからである。このような親水性基材としては、たとえば、石膏、セメント、ケイ酸カルシウム、スラグ石膏またはこれらの類似物が挙げられる。これらは適宜併用することもできる。石膏は無水もしくは含水塩のいずれであってもよく、セメントもポルトランドセメントをはじめとする各種セメントを使用し得る。この場合、骨材および混和材が使用される。また、ケイ酸カルシウムとしては、とくに制限されないが、ケイ酸質原料と石灰をオートクレーブ中で水熱反応させて得られるもの(トバモライトもしくはゾノトライト)が一般的である。スラグ石膏は、高炉水砕スラグ粉末を20〜40%含み、2水石膏(排脱石膏)を60〜80%、ポルトランドセメント1〜5%混合されたものが一般的である。
【0008】
一方、本発明において、上記基材に配合されるバーミキュライトは、SiO2、MgO,Al2O3を主成分とする薄片状の鉱物であり、一般的な黒雲母系、緑泥石系のいずれでもよく、産地により組成等に差異があっても使用し得る。比表面積(窒素吸着法)は通常10m2/g以下である。粒径も特に制限されないが、通常、5mm以下、好ましくは3mm以下,特に好ましくは0.5mm以下である。たとえば0.25mm以下のような細粒品は膨張バーミキュライトの用途には適さないためテーリングとして規格外品とされているが、意外にも原鉱石の粉砕、選鉱、乾燥、篩い分けで、細粒の方がバーミキュライトの層間水の脱水変質(層間の水2分子層が1分子層へ変化)が少ないことがわかり、本発明においてはむしろ好適に使用されうる。なぜなら層間水が水2分子のほうが調湿、消臭特性に好適だからである。
【0009】
本発明においては、このようなバーミキュライトを実質的に未膨張の状態で使用する。すなわち、バーミキュライトは、通常10〜20%程度の水を含んでおり、高温(層間水が脱離し始める約320℃から1000℃)での急激な加熱により脱水され著しく膨張する(多くは1000℃、1〜2秒で、もとの厚さの10〜30倍)。したがって、本発明においては実質的にこのような膨張を得ていないものが使用される。
【0010】
さらに本発明においては、このバーミキュライトを基材に配合するに先立ち、活性化処理したものを用いるのが好適である。活性化処理は、バーミキュライトが吸着している有機物もしくは無機物を離脱させ、本来有する調湿、吸着性能等を再構成・回復させることを目的とする。たとえば、加圧水蒸気処理、食塩水による煮沸処理等が挙げられるが、好ましくは105℃〜200℃の飽和蒸気圧での水蒸気処理によることができる。
【0011】
また、特に基材がケイ酸カルシウム系である場合には、活性化処理されていないバーミキュライトを水熱反応前に配合しても、その後にたとえば150℃〜200℃程度の飽和蒸気圧でオートクレーブ処理を受けるので、結果的に活性化処理がなされることになる。
基材へのバーミキュライトの配合は、その配合量が全組成物(固形分)の5〜70質量%、好ましくは10%〜50質量%になるように行われる。基材の種類、目的とする建材の性能、たとえば調湿度等、に応じて選ばれるが、好適な吸放湿の量および速度を得るためのバーミキュライトの十分なチャンネリング(ネットワーク)を形成させるには、一般的には15質量%以上が特に好ましい。
【0012】
本発明の建材組成物には、上記の未膨張バーミキュライトのほかに、その他の目的のために建材にそれぞれの基材に固有に用いられる種々の配合材、さらには、その他を適宜配合し得る。その種類、配合量は、常法によることができる。たとえば、骨材、補強材、混和剤、軽量化材等、より具体的にはパルプ、セルロース繊維、ガラス繊維、ヒュームドシリカ、発泡ガラス、シラスバルーン、アルミナバルーン、パーライト、ワラストナイト、セピオライト、砂利、砂、有機バインダー等が適宜選択される。
【0013】
得られる本発明の建材組成物は、抄造成形、押出し成形、プレス成形、鋳込み成形等の常法により、ボード等の所望の形状、大きさの建材とすることができる。一般的にはボードの場合、工業的には、いわゆる抄造機を用いた抄造成形が選ばれる。
本発明の建材は,後述する参考例1に記載された吸放湿試験において、好適には、相対湿度を60〜90%に変化させた場合の放吸湿速度が吸湿:30分で平衡値の90%以上、放湿:25分以下、さらに好適には20分以下で平衡、を示す。
【0014】
このようにして得られる建材は、壁材、天井材、間仕切り材等の内装材として使用されるのが好適であるが、さらに軒天井材等の外装材等としても使用されうる。
本発明の建材は、調湿および/または消臭、さらには美観の要請をも満たし得るものである。すなわち、
1.適度な放湿特性を有するので、調湿機能に優れる。たとえば、吸湿および放湿のバランス、量および速度に優れる。
【0015】
したがって、結露、ソリ等を防止でき、さらにはカビ、ダニ等の繁殖を効果
的に抑制できる。
2.消臭機能に優れる。たとえば、本発明の建材は、ホルムアルデヒド,トルエン,キシレン等の揮発性化学物質もしくは臭いのあるガス類を吸着しうる。
3.さらに、未膨張バーミキュライト粒子を表面研磨等により浮き出させて花崗岩調の表面とすることができ、美観を備えたボード材等を容易に提供し得る。
4.製造工程でオートクレーブ処理を受けた製品については、使用済みの本発明の建材を回収し、そのままオートクレーブで105〜150℃程度の水蒸気処理をすることにより再生することが可能である。バーミキュライトは上記の基材と反応していないからである。
5.膨張バーミキュライト用原料としては規格外の細粒品をむしろ好適に使用しうるので、資源を有効利用することができる。
【0016】
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。なお部は質量部を表わす。
【0017】
【実施例】
実施例1
ケイ酸質原料としてケイ石粉末27部、石灰質原料として消石灰27部および補強繊維としてパルプ6部、さらに未膨張バーミキュライト(南ア産、粒径0.25〜0.5mm)40部を出発原料として、これらに水を添加して混合し固形分約12%のスラリーとし、抄造機により生シートを形成させた後,オートクレーブ中(160〜180℃、約10時間)で加圧養生させ、ついで80℃未満で所定の含水率になるまで乾燥させ、ケイ酸カルシウムボード(30cm×30cm×6mm)を得た。
実施例2
ケイ石粉末42部、消石灰42部、パルプ6部および未膨張バーミキュライト10部を用いて実施例1と同様にして珪酸カルシウムボードを得た
参考例1
(吸放湿試験)
下記の測定方法により、本発明および市販の建材について吸湿率および放吸湿速度を測定した。
(1)測定方法/装置
測定装置:Heiden Analytical Ltd.社製 「IGA SORP」
測定方法:約1ccの測定バスケットに、粉末試料はそのまま、塊状試料は2〜3 mm程度に調整して、充てんして測定。
【0018】
測定項目:相対湿度0〜90%における吸湿率
相対湿度60〜90%における吸湿率
相対湿度60%から90%への吸湿速度
相対湿度90%から60%への放湿速度
吸湿および放湿速度は、30分周期で繰り返し実験を行った。
(2)測定試料
本発明:実施例1〜で得られた下記のボード
実施例1 未膨張バーミキュライト40wt%含有ケイ酸カルシウムボード
実施例2 未膨張バーミキュライト10wt%含有珪酸カルシウムボー
比較品:下記のA〜G
A アロフェン焼成ボード(市販品)
B アロフェン(栃木産)
C ゼオライト30wt%含有スラグ石膏ボード(市販品)
D ゼオライト(宮城産)
E 珪藻土40wt%含有ケイ酸カルシウムボード(市販品)
F 珪藻土(秋田産)
G 膨張バーミキュライト40wt%含有ケイ酸カルシウムボード(膨張バーミ キュライトを用いる以外は実施例1と同様な方法により得た。)
H 珪酸カルシウムボード(実施例1において、ケイ石47部、消石灰47部およ びパルプ6部を用いて得た。)
(3)測定結果を表1に示す。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0004027029
【0020】
これらの結果は,本発明の建材が、吸放湿特性において量および速度のバランスに優れていることを示す。吸湿および放湿の30分周期試験の結果、本発明の建材においては、吸放湿のバランスが良好であるため放湿時のベースラインは一定に保持されたが,一方比較品においては放湿が追いつかないため経時的にベースラインが右肩上がりとなることが示された。以上のことからも本発明の建材が結露しにくいことがわかる。
参考例2
バーミキュライトについて、水蒸気処理の吸放湿特性への影響をみるために約180℃でオートクレ―ブ処理を行った。結果を表2に示す。
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004027029
【0022】
実施例
ケイ石粉末27部、消石灰33部および未膨張バーミキュライト40部に水を混合し固形分約12%のスラリーとし、これをオートクレーブ(190〜200℃、約10時間)中で加圧養生処理した。ついで,80℃未満で所定の含水率になるまで乾燥しゾノトライト系ケイ酸カルシウムボードを得た。
【0023】
参考例1に記載した方法により測定した吸放湿試験によれば、実施例1のケイ酸カルシウムと比較して、吸湿量は若干小さく,放湿速度は若干大きかった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building material composition, a building material using the same, and a method for producing them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when manufacturing building materials, base materials are selected for various purposes, and various materials are often blended with the various base materials.
Among them, vermiculite is one of the mineral materials. This vermiculite (hillstone) is a clay mineral similar to biotite, and expands remarkably in a direction perpendicular to the layer by dehydration at a high temperature, and becomes a porous body extending like a hill. For this reason, since it has excellent heat insulation and sound absorption properties, it is intended to reduce the weight of the building materials (fillers, fillers) to the base material, as well as various building materials such as heat insulation materials and sound absorption materials as the base material. Often used together. On the other hand, vermiculite is not considered as a humidity control material because it does not have a high moisture absorption capacity.
[0003]
Therefore, as described above, when vermiculite is blended in a building material, it is usual to use expanded vermiculite for the purpose of weight reduction and the like. For example, it is used as a lightweight aggregate in cement products such as mortar and concrete. On the other hand, unexpanded vermiculite does not provide the advantages such as the above-mentioned weight reduction, so a small amount of up to several percent is used as a base material for special purposes that make use of its acid resistance and alkali resistance characteristics. It is only blended. In addition, an attempt has been made to fix a board made of substantially unexpanded vermiculite as a base material to the back side portion of the inner wall, etc., and expand it in the event of a fire to prevent the spread of fire. It is used as a specific base material used.
[0004]
On the other hand, the building materials themselves have been proposed to be provided with various functions in order to be differentiated from competing products. Among them, various studies have been made on humidity control (moisture absorption / desorption) and / or deodorization, and also a building material with an aesthetic appearance, but no satisfactory one has been found yet. That is, these have obtained a certain result by using one having a large specific surface area, but in particular, there are many cases in which the moisture retention rate is too strong and the moisture release rate is difficult.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present inventor intends to make further effective use of vermiculite as a natural resource, and can satisfy the demands of humidity control and / or deodorization, and also aesthetics, and is particularly excellent in the amount and speed of moisture absorption and desorption. Various studies were conducted to find out.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result, surprisingly, the moisture-releasing ability can be remarkably improved by blending unexpanded vermiculite with a base material, in particular, a hydraulic material that is hygroscopic but insufficiently moisture-releasing, and can solve the above-mentioned problems. The present invention has been found.
That is, the gist of the present invention is that the building material composition is formed by blending the activated unexpanded vermiculite into the base material, and the blending amount is 5 to 70% by mass of the total composition (solid content), and It exists in the building material which shape | molds this, and these manufacturing methods.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The substrate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it does not substantially deteriorate the properties of vermiculite described below, but is preferably hydrophilic from the viewpoint of humidity control and / or deodorization. is there. This is because the hydrophilic substrate itself has a humidity control and / or deodorizing function, and further, the unexpanded vermiculite can adsorb the substance diffused from the surface. Examples of such hydrophilic substrates include gypsum, cement, calcium silicate, slag gypsum, or the like. These can be used together as appropriate. The gypsum may be either anhydrous or hydrated salt, and various cements including Portland cement can be used as the cement. In this case, aggregates and admixtures are used. The calcium silicate is not particularly limited, but calcium silicate (tobermorite or zonotolite) obtained by hydrothermal reaction of a siliceous raw material and lime in an autoclave is common. The slag gypsum generally contains 20 to 40% of granulated blast furnace slag powder and 60 to 80% of dihydrate gypsum (exhaust gypsum) and 1 to 5% of Portland cement.
[0008]
On the other hand, in the present invention, the vermiculite blended in the base material is a flaky mineral mainly composed of SiO 2 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and may be either a general biotite system or a chlorite system. Even if there is a difference in composition depending on the production area, it can be used. The specific surface area (nitrogen adsorption method) is usually 10 m 2 / g or less. The particle size is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 mm or less, preferably 3 mm or less, particularly preferably 0.5 mm or less. For example, fine-grained products of 0.25 mm or less are not suitable for tailoring because they are not suitable for expanded vermiculite, but surprisingly fine-grained by ore grinding, beneficiation, drying and sieving. This shows that dehydration and alteration of the interlayer water of vermiculite is less (change of the bilayer water between layers to a monolayer), and can be used preferably in the present invention. This is because two molecules of interlayer water are more suitable for moisture conditioning and deodorizing properties.
[0009]
In the present invention, such vermiculite is used in a substantially unexpanded state. That is, vermiculite usually contains about 10 to 20% of water, and is dehydrated and expanded significantly by rapid heating at a high temperature (about 320 ° C. to 1000 ° C. at which interlayer water begins to desorb). 1-2 seconds, 10-30 times the original thickness). Accordingly, in the present invention, a material that does not substantially obtain such expansion is used.
[0010]
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a product that has been activated prior to blending the vermiculite into the substrate. The purpose of the activation treatment is to remove organic or inorganic substances adsorbed by vermiculite, and to reconstitute and recover the inherent humidity conditioning, adsorption performance, and the like. For example, pressurized steaming, boiling with saline, and the like can be mentioned, but steaming at a saturated steam pressure of 105 ° C. to 200 ° C. is preferable.
[0011]
In particular, when the substrate is a calcium silicate system, even if vermiculite that has not been activated is blended before the hydrothermal reaction, it is then autoclaved at a saturated vapor pressure of, for example, about 150 ° C. to 200 ° C. As a result, activation processing is performed.
The blending of vermiculite into the substrate is performed so that the blending amount is 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 10% to 50% by weight, based on the total composition (solid content). It is selected according to the type of base material and the performance of the intended building material, such as humidity control, etc., but to form sufficient channeling (network) of vermiculite to obtain a suitable amount and speed of moisture absorption and desorption. Is generally particularly preferably 15% by mass or more.
[0012]
In the building material composition of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned unexpanded vermiculite, various compounding materials inherently used for each base material for building materials for other purposes, and other materials can be appropriately blended. The kind and amount of blending can be determined by conventional methods. For example, aggregates, reinforcing materials, admixtures, lightening materials, and more specifically, pulp, cellulose fiber, glass fiber, fumed silica, foam glass, shirasu balloon, alumina balloon, perlite, wollastonite, sepiolite, Gravel, sand, organic binder and the like are appropriately selected.
[0013]
The resulting building material composition of the present invention can be made into a building material having a desired shape and size, such as a board, by conventional methods such as papermaking, extrusion, press molding, and casting. In general, in the case of a board, papermaking molding using a so-called papermaking machine is industrially selected.
In the moisture absorption / release test described in Reference Example 1 described later, the building material of the present invention preferably has a moisture absorption / release rate when the relative humidity is changed to 60 to 90%. 90% or more, moisture release: 25 minutes or less, more preferably 20 minutes or less.
[0014]
The building material thus obtained is preferably used as an interior material such as a wall material, a ceiling material, and a partition material, but can also be used as an exterior material such as an eaves ceiling material.
The building material of the present invention can satisfy humidity control and / or deodorization as well as aesthetic demands. That is,
1. Since it has moderate moisture release characteristics, it has excellent humidity control function. For example, the balance, amount and speed of moisture absorption and moisture release are excellent.
[0015]
Therefore, it is possible to prevent condensation, warping, and the like, and to effectively suppress the growth of mold, mites, and the like.
2. Excellent deodorant function. For example, the building material of the present invention can adsorb volatile chemicals such as formaldehyde, toluene, xylene or odorous gases.
3. Furthermore, the unexpanded vermiculite particles can be raised by surface polishing or the like to form a granite-like surface, and a board material or the like having a beautiful appearance can be easily provided.
4). About the product which received the autoclave process in the manufacturing process, it is possible to collect | recover the used building materials of this invention, and to reproduce | regenerate by carrying out the steam process of about 105-150 degreeC with an autoclave as it is. This is because vermiculite does not react with the substrate.
5). As a raw material for expanded vermiculite, a non-standard fine-grained product can be used rather preferably, so that resources can be used effectively.
[0016]
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited by these Examples. The part represents part by mass.
[0017]
【Example】
Example 1
As a starting material, 27 parts of silica powder as a siliceous material, 27 parts of slaked lime as a calcareous material and 6 parts of pulp as a reinforcing fiber, and 40 parts of unexpanded vermiculite (produced in South Africa, particle size of 0.25 to 0.5 mm), Water is added to these and mixed to form a slurry having a solid content of about 12%. After forming a green sheet by a paper machine, it is cured under pressure in an autoclave (160 to 180 ° C., about 10 hours), and then 80 ° C. And dried to a predetermined moisture content to obtain a calcium silicate board (30 cm × 30 cm × 6 mm).
Example 2
A calcium silicate board was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 42 parts of silica powder, 42 parts of slaked lime, 6 parts of pulp, and 10 parts of unexpanded vermiculite .
Reference example 1
(Moisture absorption / release test)
With the following measuring method, the moisture absorption rate and the moisture absorption / absorption rate of the present invention and the commercially available building materials were measured.
(1) Measuring method / device Measuring device: “IGA SORP” manufactured by Heiden Analytical Ltd.
Measuring method: Measurement is performed by filling a measuring basket of about 1 cc with the powder sample as it is and adjusting the bulk sample to about 2 to 3 mm.
[0018]
Measurement item: Moisture absorption at relative humidity 0-90%
Moisture absorption at relative humidity 60-90%
Moisture absorption rate from 60% to 90% relative humidity
Moisture release rate from 90% to 60% relative humidity Moisture absorption and moisture release rates were repeated in 30 minute cycles.
(2) Measurement specimen present invention: Examples 1 2 obtained in these boards Example 1 unexpanded vermiculite 40 wt% containing calcium silicate boards Example 2 unexpanded vermiculite 10 wt% containing calcium silicate board comparative product: the following A ~ G
A Allophane firing board (commercially available)
B Allophane (from Tochigi)
C Zeolite 30wt% slag gypsum board (commercially available)
D Zeolite (Miyagi)
E Calcium silicate board containing 40% diatomaceous earth (commercially available)
F Diatomaceous earth (from Akita)
G Calcium silicate board containing 40 wt% expanded vermiculite (obtained by the same method as in Example 1 except that expanded vermiculite was used)
H Calcium silicate board (In Example 1, obtained using 47 parts of silica, 47 parts of slaked lime, and 6 parts of pulp)
(3) Table 1 shows the measurement results.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004027029
[0020]
These results show that the building material of the present invention has an excellent balance between amount and speed in moisture absorption / release characteristics. As a result of the 30-minute period test of moisture absorption and desorption, the building material of the present invention has a good balance of moisture absorption and desorption, so the baseline at the time of moisture desorption was kept constant. It has been shown that the baseline rises to the right over time because cannot catch up. From the above, it can be seen that the building material of the present invention is less likely to condense.
Reference example 2
The vermiculite was autoclaved at about 180 ° C. to see the effect of water vapor treatment on moisture absorption and desorption characteristics. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004027029
[0022]
Example 3
Water was mixed with 27 parts of quartzite powder, 33 parts of slaked lime and 40 parts of unexpanded vermiculite to form a slurry having a solid content of about 12%, and this was subjected to a pressure curing treatment in an autoclave (190 to 200 ° C., about 10 hours). Subsequently, it was dried at a temperature below 80 ° C. until a predetermined moisture content was obtained, thereby obtaining a zonotlite-based calcium silicate board.
[0023]
According to the moisture absorption / release test measured by the method described in Reference Example 1, the moisture absorption amount was slightly smaller and the moisture release rate was slightly higher than that of the calcium silicate of Example 1.

Claims (14)

活性化処理された未膨張バーミキュライトを基材に配合してなり、かつその配合量が全組成物(固形分)の5〜70質量%である建材組成物。 The building material composition which mix | blends the unexpanded vermiculite by which the activation process was carried out with the base material, and the compounding quantity is 5-70 mass% of the whole composition (solid content). 配合量が,全組成物(固形分)の10〜50質量%である請求項1記載の建材組成物。  The building material composition according to claim 1, wherein the blending amount is 10 to 50 mass% of the entire composition (solid content). 基材が親水性である請求項1記載の建材組成物。  The building material composition according to claim 1, wherein the base material is hydrophilic. 基材が、石膏、セメント、ケイ酸カルシウム、スラグ石膏の一種以上から選択される請求項記載の建材組成物。The building material composition according to claim 3 , wherein the substrate is selected from one or more of gypsum, cement, calcium silicate, and slag gypsum. 配合後に、バーミキュライトが活性化処理された請求項1記載の建材組成物。  The building material composition according to claim 1, wherein vermiculite is activated after blending. 活性化処理が、水蒸気処理である請求項記載の建材組成物。The building material composition according to claim 5 , wherein the activation treatment is a steam treatment. 水蒸気が105〜200℃の飽和水蒸気である請求項記載の建材組成物。The building material composition according to claim 6, wherein the steam is saturated steam at 105 to 200 ° C. さらに骨材、補強材、混和剤、および/または軽量化材を配合してなる請求項1記載の建材組成物。  Furthermore, the building material composition of Claim 1 formed by mix | blending an aggregate, a reinforcing material, an admixture, and / or a weight reduction material. 活性化処理された未膨張バーミキュライトを、その配合量が全組成物(固形分)の5〜70質量%になるように基材に配合して建材組成物を得ることを特徴とする建材組成物の製造方法。 A building material composition obtained by blending an activated unexpanded vermiculite into a base material such that the blending amount thereof is 5 to 70% by mass of the total composition (solid content). Manufacturing method. 基材が、石膏、セメント、ケイ酸カルシウム、スラグ石膏の一種以上から選択された請求項9記載の製造方法。  The production method according to claim 9, wherein the substrate is selected from one or more of gypsum, cement, calcium silicate, and slag gypsum. 請求項1記載の建材組成物を成形してなる建材。  A building material formed by molding the building material composition according to claim 1. 成形が抄造成形、押出し成形、プレス成形もしくは鋳込み成形である請求項11記載の建材。The building material according to claim 11 , wherein the molding is papermaking molding, extrusion molding, press molding or cast molding. 建材が内装材である請求項11記載の建材。The building material according to claim 11 , wherein the building material is an interior material. 活性化処理された未膨張バーミキュライトを、その配合量が全組成物(固形分)の5〜70質量%になるように基材に配合して建材組成物を得、ついでこの建材組成物を成形して建材を得ることを特徴とすることを特徴とする建材の製造方法。 The activated unexpanded vermiculite is blended with the base material so that the blending amount is 5 to 70% by mass of the total composition (solid content) to obtain a building material composition, and then the building material composition is molded. A building material manufacturing method, characterized in that a building material is obtained.
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