US20080115438A1 - Building Board - Google Patents
Building Board Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080115438A1 US20080115438A1 US11/793,540 US79354005A US2008115438A1 US 20080115438 A1 US20080115438 A1 US 20080115438A1 US 79354005 A US79354005 A US 79354005A US 2008115438 A1 US2008115438 A1 US 2008115438A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- building board
- boards
- zeolites
- weight
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 chabasite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- JEWHCPOELGJVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;oxido-[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;potassium;sodium;tridecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[K].[Ca].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O JEWHCPOELGJVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052677 heulandite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001743 phillipsite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000294754 Macroptilium atropurpureum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HXHCOXPZCUFAJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009997 thermal pre-treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000209 wet digestion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to building boards.
- Building boards are employed to a large extent in the construction field for the preparation of floors, walls and ceilings or ceiling and wall linings.
- plates with increased moisture stability for example, plates with increased moisture stability, plates with increased refractoriness or with reduced sound transmission properties.
- cement boards there are different preparation methods.
- a common feature of all these methods is the fact that the binder is premixed with various aggregates. This mixture is admixed with water and applied two-dimensionally to a curing tape, which may be segmented, for example.
- a glass fiber cloth or fabric may be required as a sheath. The glass fiber cloth or fabric is then applied to the curing tape immediately before the binder-aggregate mixture is applied. After the binder-aggregate mixture has been applied, a second glass fiber cloth or fabric is optionally placed on top as a final layer.
- the thus formed sandwich element can pass through an extruding or smoothing unit, which causes a densification and smoothing of the boards.
- the thus produced raw boards can be separated while still wet by on-line saws or separated after the curing is complete.
- cement boards have a cement content of about 30% by weight, the balance being mineral fillers, such as sand or limestone granules.
- Mineral fiber boards consist of mineral fibers composed of, for example, rock and/or glass wool fibers, cellulose fibers, clay aggregates, light-weight aggregates, such as perlites, other mineral aggregates and fillers as well as starch as a binder. Mineral fiber boards are mostly used for the preparation of ceiling boards.
- the production of mineral fiber boards proceeds by analogy with the production of paper or cardboard on screening machines, for example, slot screening machines. Boards of sufficient thickness are produced by combining several thin layers and pass through various densification and drying units. The string-shaped web is separated by cutting or sawing means. The thus formed individual boards can be finally coated, dyed and texturized.
- Gypsum fiber boards predominantly consist of plaster of Paris, CaSO 4 .1 ⁇ 2H 2 O, as a binder and 10 to 20% cellulose fibers.
- the preparation of the gypsum fiber boards is effected either according to the semidry method, known under the designation of Siempelkamp-Fermacell method or Schenck method, and by wet technology, embodied as a flow-on, lap roller or Hatscheck technology. All these methods have the common feature that intimate mixtures of the binder with the fiber pulp, which is produced dry by milling or in wet digestion by pulping, are prepared. These are coated two-dimensionally on a moving curing tape by scattering technology in a dry state or wet as a slurry. In the case of semidry methods, the “cake” applied to the tape is subsequently soaked with moisture and compressed, whereby the main part of the mixing water is pressed out.
- zeolites can result in a reduction of air pollutants in interior rooms.
- Preferred zeolite contents are at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 10% by weight, the ranges of from 5 to 20% by weight or from 10 to 15% by weight being particularly preferred.
- the contents are based on the proportion of zeolite in the total board after drying (atro).
- the zeolites employed according to the disclosure can be premixed together with the binder and the aggregates.
- the zeolites may also be mixed with the further auxiliaries, such as light-weight aggregates, and employed in the preparation.
- the zeolites can be added to the plaster of Paris, for example, and the gypsum fiber board can be prepared in the usual way.
- WO 2004/033385 discloses an artificial stone board. It contains zeolites within a range of from 40 to 50% by weight, which are mixed with white cement and an acrylate emulsion in order to achieve a bonding between the white cement, the zeolite and the aggregate. The zeolites support the bonding between the cement and aggregates.
- the critical point is that the artificial stone is particularly light-weight because it is applied to a wall for decoration.
- the cement boards according to the disclosure are the building material for the wall itself and can bear static loads.
- the building boards according to the disclosure preferably contain less than 5% or organic admixtures, more preferably less than 3%, and are most preferably essentially free from organic ingredients, especially film-forming organic binders, such as latex, acrylates, styrene acrylates.
- the zeolites are inserted into the board matrix relatively loosely in the building boards according to the disclosure, which can be observed by scanning electron microscopy. This accounts for the activity of the zeolites.
- the cement board according to the disclosure preferably has a density of from 800 to 1200 kg/m 3 .
- zeolites which are not prepared synthetically (e.g., synthetic preparation by reacting SiO 2 -containing and Al 2 O 3 -containing substances with alkali hydroxides at temperatures of more than 50° C. in an aqueous phase).
- synthetically e.g., synthetic preparation by reacting SiO 2 -containing and Al 2 O 3 -containing substances with alkali hydroxides at temperatures of more than 50° C. in an aqueous phase.
- naturally occurring zeolites are those exploited from deposits.
- Suitable zeolites include, in particular, those having a mineral phase composition selected from the group consisting of clinoptilolite, heulandite, chabasite, phillipsite, morderite and mixtures thereof.
- the zeolites can be used not only in a thermally activated, i.e., thermally dehydrated, form, but astonishingly also in a native form.
- the zeolites are employed in a native form, i.e., without thermal activation or dehydration.
- a thermal pretreatment of the zeolites is not necessary.
- the drying of the building boards according to the disclosure at least results in a partial dehydration of the zeolites, which is sufficient for a catalytic pollutant degradation.
- the open plate structure enables the air-borne pollutants to interact with the incorporated zeolite particles.
- Film-forming organic binders, as employed in WO 2004/033385, would preclude this or interfere with it.
- thermogravimetric analysis TGA
- such a zeolite in the building board according to the disclosure shows the activity for the reduction of air pollutants as required according to the disclosure.
- the building boards preferably contain zeolites having a grain size of ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 150 ⁇ m. This can be achieved in the simplest way by fine milling.
- Particularly suitable zeolites have d50 values of from about 30 to about 90 ⁇ m, more preferably from 40 to 70 ⁇ m.
- the zeolites preferably have an oil number (determination according to DIN 53199) of at most 25 g/100 g of zeolite, preferably at most 10 g/100 g of zeolite.
- the materials employed according to the disclosure preferably contain less than 3% of diatomaceous earth, and the zeolites are not doped with “antibacterial cations”.
- the present disclosure also relates to the use of the building boards according to the disclosure for reducing air pollutants in interior rooms.
- Air pollutants that can be successfully removed from the indoor air include, for example, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and tobacco smoke.
- Smells, such as fish smell can also be reduced, as could be proven experimentally by the degradation of triethylamine.
- the boards are also suitable for reducing offensive smells from food and hygienic areas (liquid manure, toilet zones etc.).
- the air pollutants are not bound to the materials, but degraded/decomposed, so that there is no saturation of the materials.
- the maximum admissible working place concentration (MAK value) is 600 ⁇ g/m 3 .
- the average formaldehyde content is 220 ⁇ g/m 3 for an air-exchange rate of 0.5 changes/hour.
- the WHO assumes a benchmark of 100 ⁇ g/m 3 for protecting health.
- a value to be sought in apartments is about 60 ⁇ g/m 3 .
- An average benzene content in a smoker room is about 45 ⁇ g/m 3 for an air-exchange rate of 0.5 changes/hour.
- the value to be sought in apartments is ⁇ 10 ⁇ g/m 3 .
- Gypsum fiber boards with 10% natural zeolites (native, i.e., not dehydrated) having a grain size of at most 200 ⁇ m and a d 50 value of 40 ⁇ m were laid in a room with a normal climate, wherein 1.23 m 2 of gypsum fiber board area was present per 1 m 3 of room volume.
- a respective pollutant gas concentration was adjusted by continuously supplying a defined mixture of pollutant gases with the pollutant gases formaldehyde and benzene as well as with a mixture of pollutant gases from cigarette smoke.
- the air exchange rate of the respective mixture was 0.5 changes/hour, i.e., the mixture of pollutants was renewed completely within two hours. In the outflowing mixture, the remaining pollutant value was measured as a gas concentration.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Disclosure
- The present disclosure relates to building boards.
- 2. Discussion of the Background Art
- Building boards are employed to a large extent in the construction field for the preparation of floors, walls and ceilings or ceiling and wall linings.
- For different intended uses, there are different optimized plates, for example, plates with increased moisture stability, plates with increased refractoriness or with reduced sound transmission properties.
- For cement boards, there are different preparation methods. A common feature of all these methods is the fact that the binder is premixed with various aggregates. This mixture is admixed with water and applied two-dimensionally to a curing tape, which may be segmented, for example. For reinforcement, a glass fiber cloth or fabric may be required as a sheath. The glass fiber cloth or fabric is then applied to the curing tape immediately before the binder-aggregate mixture is applied. After the binder-aggregate mixture has been applied, a second glass fiber cloth or fabric is optionally placed on top as a final layer. The thus formed sandwich element can pass through an extruding or smoothing unit, which causes a densification and smoothing of the boards. The thus produced raw boards can be separated while still wet by on-line saws or separated after the curing is complete. Typically, cement boards have a cement content of about 30% by weight, the balance being mineral fillers, such as sand or limestone granules.
- Mineral fiber boards consist of mineral fibers composed of, for example, rock and/or glass wool fibers, cellulose fibers, clay aggregates, light-weight aggregates, such as perlites, other mineral aggregates and fillers as well as starch as a binder. Mineral fiber boards are mostly used for the preparation of ceiling boards. The production of mineral fiber boards proceeds by analogy with the production of paper or cardboard on screening machines, for example, slot screening machines. Boards of sufficient thickness are produced by combining several thin layers and pass through various densification and drying units. The string-shaped web is separated by cutting or sawing means. The thus formed individual boards can be finally coated, dyed and texturized.
- Gypsum fiber boards predominantly consist of plaster of Paris, CaSO4.½H2O, as a binder and 10 to 20% cellulose fibers. The preparation of the gypsum fiber boards is effected either according to the semidry method, known under the designation of Siempelkamp-Fermacell method or Schenck method, and by wet technology, embodied as a flow-on, lap roller or Hatscheck technology. All these methods have the common feature that intimate mixtures of the binder with the fiber pulp, which is produced dry by milling or in wet digestion by pulping, are prepared. These are coated two-dimensionally on a moving curing tape by scattering technology in a dry state or wet as a slurry. In the case of semidry methods, the “cake” applied to the tape is subsequently soaked with moisture and compressed, whereby the main part of the mixing water is pressed out.
- It is the object of the present disclosure to provide building boards with improved properties. Surprisingly, it has been found that building boards containing from 1 to 25% by weight of zeolites can result in a reduction of air pollutants in interior rooms. Preferred zeolite contents are at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 10% by weight, the ranges of from 5 to 20% by weight or from 10 to 15% by weight being particularly preferred.
- Particularly high contents of zeolites (>30% by weight) render the plate mechanically unstable, because they do not undergo any binding interactions with the rest of the board matrix.
- The contents are based on the proportion of zeolite in the total board after drying (atro).
- When cement boards are prepared, the zeolites employed according to the disclosure can be premixed together with the binder and the aggregates.
- In mineral fiber boards, the zeolites may also be mixed with the further auxiliaries, such as light-weight aggregates, and employed in the preparation.
- In gypsum fiber boards, the zeolites can be added to the plaster of Paris, for example, and the gypsum fiber board can be prepared in the usual way.
- WO 2004/033385 discloses an artificial stone board. It contains zeolites within a range of from 40 to 50% by weight, which are mixed with white cement and an acrylate emulsion in order to achieve a bonding between the white cement, the zeolite and the aggregate. The zeolites support the bonding between the cement and aggregates. The critical point is that the artificial stone is particularly light-weight because it is applied to a wall for decoration. In contrast, the cement boards according to the disclosure are the building material for the wall itself and can bear static loads.
- The building boards according to the disclosure preferably contain less than 5% or organic admixtures, more preferably less than 3%, and are most preferably essentially free from organic ingredients, especially film-forming organic binders, such as latex, acrylates, styrene acrylates. Surprisingly, the zeolites are inserted into the board matrix relatively loosely in the building boards according to the disclosure, which can be observed by scanning electron microscopy. This accounts for the activity of the zeolites.
- The cement board according to the disclosure preferably has a density of from 800 to 1200 kg/m3.
- It is particularly preferred according to the disclosure to employ natural zeolites, i.e., zeolites which are not prepared synthetically (e.g., synthetic preparation by reacting SiO2-containing and Al2O3-containing substances with alkali hydroxides at temperatures of more than 50° C. in an aqueous phase). Thus, naturally occurring zeolites are those exploited from deposits.
- Suitable zeolites include, in particular, those having a mineral phase composition selected from the group consisting of clinoptilolite, heulandite, chabasite, phillipsite, morderite and mixtures thereof. The zeolites can be used not only in a thermally activated, i.e., thermally dehydrated, form, but astonishingly also in a native form.
- In a particularly preferred embodiment, the zeolites are employed in a native form, i.e., without thermal activation or dehydration. A thermal pretreatment of the zeolites is not necessary. Surprisingly, it has been found that the drying of the building boards according to the disclosure at least results in a partial dehydration of the zeolites, which is sufficient for a catalytic pollutant degradation. The open plate structure enables the air-borne pollutants to interact with the incorporated zeolite particles. Film-forming organic binders, as employed in WO 2004/033385, would preclude this or interfere with it.
- Astonishingly, it seems that an activation of the zeolites occurs during the preparation/drying of the products. The dehydration of zeolites can be measured, for example, by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
- Nevertheless, such a zeolite in the building board according to the disclosure shows the activity for the reduction of air pollutants as required according to the disclosure.
- The building boards preferably contain zeolites having a grain size of≦200 μm, preferably smaller than 150 μm. This can be achieved in the simplest way by fine milling.
- Particularly suitable zeolites have d50 values of from about 30 to about 90 μm, more preferably from 40 to 70 μm.
- The zeolites preferably have an oil number (determination according to DIN 53199) of at most 25 g/100 g of zeolite, preferably at most 10 g/100 g of zeolite.
- The materials employed according to the disclosure preferably contain less than 3% of diatomaceous earth, and the zeolites are not doped with “antibacterial cations”.
- The present disclosure also relates to the use of the building boards according to the disclosure for reducing air pollutants in interior rooms. Air pollutants that can be successfully removed from the indoor air include, for example, formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and tobacco smoke. Smells, such as fish smell, can also be reduced, as could be proven experimentally by the degradation of triethylamine. Thus, the boards are also suitable for reducing offensive smells from food and hygienic areas (liquid manure, toilet zones etc.).
- Surprisingly, the air pollutants are not bound to the materials, but degraded/decomposed, so that there is no saturation of the materials.
- For formaldehyde, the maximum admissible working place concentration (MAK value) is 600 μg/m3. In a smoker room, the average formaldehyde content is 220 μg/m3 for an air-exchange rate of 0.5 changes/hour. The WHO assumes a benchmark of 100 μg/m3 for protecting health. A value to be sought in apartments is about 60 μg/m3.
- An average benzene content in a smoker room is about 45 μg/m3 for an air-exchange rate of 0.5 changes/hour. The value to be sought in apartments is<10 μg/m3.
- By using the building boards according to the disclosure, correspondingly reduced values can be obtained.
- Gypsum fiber boards with 10% natural zeolites (native, i.e., not dehydrated) having a grain size of at most 200 μm and a d50 value of 40 μm were laid in a room with a normal climate, wherein 1.23 m2 of gypsum fiber board area was present per 1 m3 of room volume. In this room, a respective pollutant gas concentration was adjusted by continuously supplying a defined mixture of pollutant gases with the pollutant gases formaldehyde and benzene as well as with a mixture of pollutant gases from cigarette smoke. The air exchange rate of the respective mixture was 0.5 changes/hour, i.e., the mixture of pollutants was renewed completely within two hours. In the outflowing mixture, the remaining pollutant value was measured as a gas concentration.
- By the contact with the building boards, the major part of the pollutant gases were degraded, and a pollutant gas concentration from a starting value (inflowing mixture) to the equilibrium value (outflowing mixture)
-
for formaldehyde from 600 μg/m3 to <100 μg/m3 220 μg/m3 to <50 μg/m3 for benzene from 45 μg/m3 to <10 μg/m3
became established. - For cigarette smoke, in addition, a substantial reduction of offensive smells (cold smoke smell) by the contact of the smoke with the gypsum building boards according to the disclosure was proven by olfactometry.
- In the experimental series, it was additionally established that the pollutants are not incorporated into the building board, but reactively converted to harmless compounds.
- Experiments with modified zeolite proportions in the boards and cement boards or mineral fiber boards yielded similar results.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04106936.0 | 2004-12-23 | ||
EP04106936 | 2004-12-23 | ||
PCT/EP2005/057079 WO2006069961A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-22 | Building board |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080115438A1 true US20080115438A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
Family
ID=34930145
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/793,540 Abandoned US20080115438A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-22 | Building Board |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080115438A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1828500A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006069961A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014154597A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Siniat International Sas | Plasterboards absorbing organic pollutants |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007002947B4 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2009-04-30 | Elke Szukal | drywall |
DE102009023643B4 (en) | 2009-05-28 | 2016-08-18 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Wood-based product and process for its preparation |
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US20060137276A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-06-29 | Hans-Ulrich Hummel | Construction material based on gypsum |
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SU601249A1 (en) * | 1976-08-23 | 1978-04-05 | Львовский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт | Raw mixture for making gypsum forms |
JP2000060952A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-02-29 | Taiheiyo Tanko Kk | Deodorant and antibacterial filter material |
JP2000352145A (en) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-19 | Murakami Shokai:Kk | Building wall material and manufacture thereof |
JP2001059281A (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2001-03-06 | Nishikawa Norimichi | Building material |
JP2002103510A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-09 | Etsuro Sakagami | Gypsum board having antibacterial properties and gas adsorbability, and method for manufacturing the same |
KR20040033097A (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-21 | 윤영식 | Method for manufacture of articial stone plate for interior outside a structure |
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- 2005-12-22 WO PCT/EP2005/057079 patent/WO2006069961A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-22 EP EP05821731A patent/EP1828500A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-22 US US11/793,540 patent/US20080115438A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US4838941A (en) * | 1986-01-07 | 1989-06-13 | Ausmintec Corp. Limited | Magnesium cement |
US5154874A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1992-10-13 | Pro Mineral Gesellschaft Zur Verwendung Von Mineralstoffen Mbh | Method of producing gypsum/fiber board, especially for floor boards |
US6190440B1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2001-02-20 | Gabriel L. Purnell | Odor absorbing container with an absorbent material between inner and outer concentric walls |
US20070036699A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2007-02-15 | Oskoui Kazem E | Method of extracting contaminants from solid matter |
US20050142347A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2005-06-30 | Akira Takahara | Composite board of plaster and inorganic fiber and method of manufacturing the same |
US20060137276A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-06-29 | Hans-Ulrich Hummel | Construction material based on gypsum |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2014154597A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-02 | Siniat International Sas | Plasterboards absorbing organic pollutants |
FR3003880A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-03 | Siniat Int Sas | PLASTER PLATES ABSORBING ORGANIC POLLUTANTS |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006069961A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1828500A1 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KNAUF GIPS KG, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HUMMEL, HANS ULRICH;KRAMER, GEORG;STOSSEL, HANS RUDOLF;REEL/FRAME:019880/0709;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070724 TO 20070726 |
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Owner name: KNAUF GIPS KG, GERMANY Free format text: CORRECTIVE COVERSHEET TO CORRECT THE NAME OF THE ASSIGNOR THAT WAS PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 019880, FRAME 0709.;ASSIGNORS:HUMME. HANS ULRICH;KRAMER, GEORG;STOSSEL, HANS RUDOLF;REEL/FRAME:020332/0355;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060724 TO 20070726 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KNAUF GIPS KG, GERMANY Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE LAST NAME OF ALL ASSIGNOR'S. CHANGE HUMME. TO HUMMEL, KRAMER TO KRAEMER AND STOSSEL TO STOESSEL PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 020332 FRAME 0355. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HUMMEL, HANS ULRICH;KRAEMER, GEORG;STOESSEL, HANS RUDOLF;REEL/FRAME:020561/0576;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070724 TO 20070726 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KNAUF GIPS KG, GERMANY Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD ASSIGNOR'S LAST NAME FROM HUMME TO HUMMEL, KRAMER TO KRAEMER AND STOSSEL TO STOESSEL AND EXECUTION DATES PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 020332 FRAME 0355;ASSIGNORS:HUMMEL, HANS ULRICH;KRAEMER, GEORGE;STOESSEL, HANS RUDOLF;REEL/FRAME:021625/0890;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070726 TO 20070731 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |