JP2666893B2 - Composition for lightweight building material and method for producing lightweight building material - Google Patents
Composition for lightweight building material and method for producing lightweight building materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2666893B2 JP2666893B2 JP24992295A JP24992295A JP2666893B2 JP 2666893 B2 JP2666893 B2 JP 2666893B2 JP 24992295 A JP24992295 A JP 24992295A JP 24992295 A JP24992295 A JP 24992295A JP 2666893 B2 JP2666893 B2 JP 2666893B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- building material
- lightweight building
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、新規な軽量建材用
組成物及び軽量建材の製造方法に関するものである。さ
らに詳しくいえば、本発明は、釘打ちや鋸引きなどの加
工性及び耐火性などに優れ、かつ軽量の建材を与える組
成物、及びこの組成物を用いて加工性及び耐火性などに
優れる軽量建材を、抄造法により効率よく製造する方法
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel composition for a lightweight building material and a method for producing a lightweight building material. More specifically, the present invention is excellent in workability such as nailing and sawing and fire resistance, and a composition that gives a lightweight building material, and a lightweight composition excellent in workability and fire resistance using the composition. The present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing a building material by a papermaking method.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、軽量建材として、セメント、セッ
コウ又は水滓スラグに、軽量発泡骨材や繊維状物質を配
合し、抄造法により成形して板状にしたものが知られて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a lightweight building material, a material obtained by mixing a lightweight foamed aggregate or a fibrous substance with cement, gypsum or slag slag, and forming it by a papermaking method into a plate shape is known.
【0003】しかしながら、これらの板状体はいずれも
なんらかの欠点を有し、建築材料として実用上必ずしも
満足しうるものとはいえない。例えば、石綿セメント板
は、曲げ強度は大きいという長所を有するものの、比重
が大きく、衝撃強度が低いという欠点を有する上、石綿
繊維は人体に有害であるとされ、近年に至ってその使用
が制限される傾向がある。[0003] However, all of these plate-like bodies have some drawbacks and cannot be said to be practically satisfactory as building materials. For example, asbestos cement board has the advantage of high flexural strength, but has the drawback of high specific gravity and low impact strength.In addition, asbestos fibers are considered harmful to the human body, and their use has been limited in recent years. Tend to
【0004】また、パルプセメント板は、軽量でかつ加
工性が良好であるという長所を有しているが、膨張率や
収縮率が大きいために、気候の変化が著しい場所で使用
すると、クラックが発生しやすいという欠点がある。さ
らに、セッコウ板は、曲げ強度が低く、耐水性に劣ると
いう欠点があるし、水滓スラグ板は比重が大きく、かつ
釘打ちや鋸引きなどの加工性が劣るという欠点がある。
他方、パーライトなどの軽量発泡骨材を用いたものは、
製造時における加圧工程でこれらが損壊し、十分な軽量
化が達成できない。[0004] Further, the pulp cement board has the advantage that it is lightweight and has good workability, but since it has a large expansion rate and contraction rate, it will crack when used in places where the climate changes significantly. There is a disadvantage that it is easy to occur. Furthermore, the gypsum board has a drawback of low bending strength and poor water resistance, and the slag slag board has a drawback of high specific gravity and poor workability such as nailing and sawing.
On the other hand, those using lightweight foam aggregates such as perlite,
These are damaged in the pressurizing step at the time of manufacturing, and sufficient weight reduction cannot be achieved.
【0005】このように、従来の建材で、比重、強度、
膨張・収縮性、耐火性、加工性、生産効率、経済性など
の点で、実用的な水準を同時に満たしたものはまだ知ら
れておらず、このような軽量建材を得ることが、この分
野における重要な課題となっている。[0005] Thus, in the conventional building materials, specific gravity, strength,
In terms of expansion / contraction, fire resistance, workability, production efficiency, economic efficiency, etc., it has not yet been known that they meet the practical standards at the same time. Has become an important issue.
【0006】他方、稲の脱穀の際に生じるもみがらは、
毎年農業廃棄物として多量に排出されているにもかかわ
らず、その一部が燃料として用いられているだけで、ほ
とんど未利用のまま焼却され、あるいはそのまま廃棄さ
れているのが実情である。そのため、以前からこれを何
らかの原料として活用する研究が行われ、例えばその成
分中にケイ酸が含まれている点に着目して、これを完全
燃焼して得た白色灰を石灰粉末と混合して水熱反応させ
軽量耐火建材を製造することが試みられている。しかし
ながら、この方法においては、もみがら灰の品質を所定
の基準に維持するためにその調製を厳格に管理された条
件下で行わなければならない上に、製造工程も多工程を
必要とし、コスト高になるのを免れず、実用性に乏し
い。On the other hand, rice husks generated during threshing of rice are:
Despite being discharged as a large amount of agricultural waste every year, the fact is that only part of it is used as fuel, and it is incinerated or discarded almost unused. Therefore, research has been conducted to utilize this as a raw material for some time.For example, paying attention to the point that its component contains silicic acid, white ash obtained by completely burning it was mixed with lime powder. To produce lightweight refractory building materials by hydrothermal reaction. However, in this method, the rice ash must be prepared under strictly controlled conditions in order to maintain the quality of the rice ash at a predetermined standard, and furthermore, the production process requires many steps, and the cost is high. It is unavoidable that it is not practical.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
事情のもとで、これまで未利用のまま廃棄されていたも
みがらを利用して、釘打ちや鋸引きなどの加工性及び耐
火性に優れ、かつ適度の曲げ強度を有する軽量建材を簡
単に製造することを目的としてなされたものである。Under the circumstances described above, the present invention utilizes the chaff that has been discarded until now, such as nailing and sawing, and fire resistance. The object of the present invention is to easily produce a lightweight building material having excellent flexibility and appropriate bending strength.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、もみがら
や、これを燃料として使用した後に残る黒色もみがら灰
を利用して、軽量建材を製造する方法を開発するために
鋭意研究を重ねた結果、もみがらを不完全燃焼して得ら
れる灰や、もみがらを燃料として用いた後に残る黒色灰
のような炭素含有量の多いもみがら灰を、セメント、繊
維状物質及び均質化剤と混合し、水を加えて水性スラリ
ーとしたものを抄造法により成形して得た板状体が軽量
建材として好適な物性を有することを見出し、この知見
に基づいて本発明をなすに至った。[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present invention have conducted diligent research to develop a method for manufacturing a lightweight building material by utilizing chaff and black chaff ash remaining after using the chaff. As a result of stacking, ash obtained by incomplete burning of rice husks and black ash with a high carbon content such as black ash remaining after using rice husks as fuel are used as cement, fibrous materials and homogenizers. Mixed with water, and added water to form an aqueous slurry, and found that a plate-like body obtained by molding by a papermaking method had suitable physical properties as a lightweight building material, and based on this finding, came to the present invention. .
【0009】すなわち、本発明は、(A)セメント10
0重量部、(B)炭素含有量2.5〜7重量%のもみが
ら灰25〜150重量部、(C)繊維状物質10〜40
重量部及び(D)均質化剤5〜15重量部を含有する水
性スラリーから成る軽量建材用組成物、並びに、この水
性スラリーを、抄造して板状に成形したのち、養生、乾
燥処理して含水率10重量%以下にすることを特徴とす
る軽量建材の製造方法を提供するものである。That is, the present invention relates to (A) cement 10
0 parts by weight, (B) 25 to 150 parts by weight of rice ash having a carbon content of 2.5 to 7% by weight, (C) 10 to 40 fibrous substances
By weight, and (D) 5 to 15 parts by weight of a homogenizing agent, a composition for a lightweight building material comprising an aqueous slurry, and the aqueous slurry are formed into a plate shape, then cured and dried. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a lightweight building material, wherein the moisture content is adjusted to 10% by weight or less.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の軽量建材用組成物は、
(A)セメント、(B)もみがら灰、(C)繊維状物質
及び(D)均質化剤を含有する水性スラリーから成るも
のであって、(A)成分のセメントとしては、例えば通
常使用されているポルトランドセメント、マグネシアセ
メント、アルミナセメント、混合セメント、天然セメン
トなどの中から、任意のものを単独で又は2種以上組み
合わせて用いることができる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The composition for a lightweight building material of the present invention comprises:
It comprises an aqueous slurry containing (A) cement, (B) rice ash, (C) a fibrous substance, and (D) a homogenizing agent. Any of Portland cement, magnesia cement, alumina cement, mixed cement, natural cement and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
【0011】また、(B)成分のもみがら灰としては、
もみ米を精米脱穀した際に副生する農業廃棄物のもみが
らを常法に従って燃焼し、炭素含有量2.5〜7重量%
の範囲の灰にしたものを用いる。また、もみがらを燃料
として用いると、後に黒色の灰が残るがこのものは通常
5〜6重量%の炭素を含有するのでそのまま本発明の
(B)成分として用いることができる。このもみがら灰
中の炭素は、建材としたときの帯電防止性、電波ノイズ
防止性、耐久性などの物性向上に寄与するが、この量が
2.5重量%未満では、これらの物性の向上はほとんど
認められない。また、この量が7重量%よりも多くなる
と着色が著しく、建材としての商品価値の低下を招く。[0011] Further, as the rice ash of the component (B),
Burn the rice husk of agricultural waste by-produced when threshing the polished rice according to the usual method, and carbon content is 2.5-7% by weight.
Use ash in the range of In addition, when husk is used as a fuel, black ash remains afterwards, but this ash usually contains 5 to 6% by weight of carbon and can be used as it is as the component (B) of the present invention. The carbon in the chaff ash contributes to the improvement of physical properties such as antistatic property, radio noise prevention property, and durability when used as a building material, but if this amount is less than 2.5% by weight, these physical properties are improved. Is hardly recognized. On the other hand, if the amount is more than 7% by weight, coloring is remarkable, and the commercial value of the building material is reduced.
【0012】一般に、もみがらを燃焼すると有機質が燃
焼し、灰が残留する。灰の色調は燃焼温度によって変化
し、白い灰を得るためには灼熱減量のない高温での燃焼
が必要である。燃焼温度が低いと黒色に変り、残留炭素
の含有量も多くなる。また、400〜700℃程度の温
度で燃焼して得られた灰は非晶質シリカであり、一方8
00〜1000℃程度の温度で焼成すると結晶化が進
み、この場合、灰の結晶の種類や色調は焼成の際の雰囲
気や温度と時間によって異なることが知られている。[0012] In general, burning rice husks burns organic matter and leaves ash. The color of the ash changes with the combustion temperature, and burning at a high temperature without burning loss is necessary to obtain white ash. When the combustion temperature is low, the color turns black and the content of residual carbon increases. The ash obtained by burning at a temperature of about 400 to 700 ° C. is amorphous silica.
It is known that when fired at a temperature of about 00 to 1000 ° C., crystallization proceeds, and in this case, the type and color tone of the ash crystals vary depending on the atmosphere, temperature, and time during firing.
【0013】本発明においては、このもみがら灰は、化
学成分や色調を利用するものではなく、灰そのものの軽
量性を利用することが目的であるので、前記したよう
に、経済性及び軽量性などの面から、炭素含有量2.5
〜7重量%の黒色灰をそのまま使用することができる。
このもみがら灰は粉砕処理し、700μmふるい目通過
の粒度、特に300μmふるい目通過の粒度にして用い
るのが、軽量で強度の大きな建材が得られるので、有利
である。In the present invention, this rice ash does not utilize the chemical composition or color tone, but aims to utilize the lightness of the ash itself. In view of the above, the carbon content is 2.5
~ 7% by weight of black ash can be used as is.
It is advantageous to grind this chaff ash to obtain a particle size that passes through a 700 μm sieve, particularly a particle size that passes through a 300 μm sieve, because a lightweight and strong building material can be obtained.
【0014】この(B)成分のもみがら灰は、前記
(A)成分のセメント100重量部に対して、25〜1
50重量部の割合で配合される。この配合量が25重量
部未満では建材のかさ密度が大きくなり、軽量化が達成
されないし、150重量部を超えると建材の曲げ強度が
小さくなるとともに、抄造性が著しく低下する。建材の
軽量性、曲げ強度及び抄造性などのバランスの面から、
このもみがら灰の好ましい配合量は75〜125重量部
の範囲である。The rice ash of the component (B) is 25 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cement of the component (A).
It is blended in a proportion of 50 parts by weight. If the compounding amount is less than 25 parts by weight, the bulk density of the building material increases, and weight reduction is not achieved. If the compounding amount exceeds 150 parts by weight, the bending strength of the building material decreases and the papermaking property is significantly reduced. From the viewpoint of balance of light weight, bending strength and papermaking properties of building materials,
The preferred amount of the rice ash is in the range of 75 to 125 parts by weight.
【0015】本発明組成物において、(C)成分として
用いられる繊維状物質としては、例えばビニロン繊維や
ポリプロピレン繊維などの合成繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素
繊維、石綿、岩綿、ワラストナイトなどの鉱物性繊維及
び新聞紙、古雑誌、ダンボールなどの故紙パルプなどの
植物性繊維が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよい
が、2種以上を組み合わせたもの、特にパルプ繊維と合
成繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維及び鉱物繊維の中から選
ばれた少なくとも1種とを組み合わせたものを用いるの
が好ましい。In the composition of the present invention, examples of the fibrous substance used as the component (C) include synthetic fibers such as vinylon fiber and polypropylene fiber, mineral fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, rock wool and wollastonite. And synthetic fibers and vegetable fibers such as waste paper pulp such as newsprint, old magazines and cardboard. These may be used singly or in combination of two or more types, especially those in which pulp fiber is combined with at least one selected from synthetic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and mineral fibers. Is preferred.
【0016】この(C)成分の繊維状物質は、前記
(A)成分のセメント100重量部と(B)成分のもみ
がら灰25〜150重量部に対し、10〜40重量部の
割合で配合される。この配合量が10重量部未満では十
分な曲げ強度を有する建材が得られないし、40重量部
を超えると得られる建材は気孔率が増大するため、膨張
・収縮率が大きくなり、かつ分散性が悪くなって、強度
が低下する傾向がみられる。得られる建材の曲げ強度、
膨張・収縮率などの面から、この繊維状物質の好ましい
配合量は15〜30重量部の範囲である。The fibrous substance of the component (C) is blended at a ratio of 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 to 100 parts by weight of the cement of the component (A) and 25 to 150 parts by weight of the rice ash of the component (B). Is done. If the blending amount is less than 10 parts by weight, a building material having sufficient bending strength cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 40 parts by weight, the porosity of the resulting building material increases, so that the expansion / shrinkage ratio increases and the dispersibility increases. It tends to worsen and the strength tends to decrease. Bending strength of the resulting building material,
The amount of the fibrous substance is preferably in the range of 15 to 30 parts by weight from the viewpoints of expansion and contraction.
【0017】また、(D)成分として用いられる均質化
剤としては、例えば水ガラス、天然系鉱物、水溶性繊維
素類、水溶性ポリマーなどが挙げられる。ここで、天然
系鉱物としては、カルシウムメタシリケートや含水マグ
ネシア系やアルミナ系鉱物などが、水溶性繊維素類とし
ては、例えばカルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセル
ロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロー
ス、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、微小パルプなど
が、水溶性ポリマーとしては、例えばポリビニルアルコ
ール、ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物、ポリビニルピロ
リドンなどが挙げられる。これらの均質化剤は単独で用
いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
特に、天然系鉱物を用いた場合、均質化効果に加えて、
硬化促進の効果が得られるので有利である。Examples of the homogenizing agent used as the component (D) include water glass, natural minerals, water-soluble fibrous materials, and water-soluble polymers. Here, the natural minerals include calcium metasilicate and hydrous magnesia minerals and alumina minerals, and the water-soluble fibrin materials include, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and micro pulp. Examples of the water-soluble polymer include polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. These homogenizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In particular, when using natural minerals, in addition to the homogenizing effect,
This is advantageous because an effect of accelerating curing can be obtained.
【0018】この(D)成分の均質化剤は、前記(A)
成分のセメント100重量部と(B)成分のもみがら灰
25〜150重量部に対し、5〜15重量部の割合で配
合される。この配合量が5重量部未満では十分な均質化
剤効果が得られないし、15重量部を超えると得られる
建材のかさ比重の増大や加工性の低下をもたらす。均質
化効果及び得られる建材のかさ比重や加工性などの面か
ら、この均質化剤の好ましい配合量は、5.3〜7.5
重量部の範囲である。The homogenizing agent of the component (D) is as described in the above (A)
It is blended at a ratio of 5 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 to 100 parts by weight of the component cement and 25 to 150 parts by weight of the rice ash of the component (B). When the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, a sufficient homogenizing agent effect cannot be obtained, and when the amount exceeds 15 parts by weight, the obtained building material has an increased bulk specific gravity and reduced workability. In view of the homogenizing effect, the bulk specific gravity of the obtained building material, the workability, and the like, the preferable amount of the homogenizing agent is 5.3 to 7.5.
It is in the range of parts by weight.
【0019】本発明の軽量建材用組成物の調製方法につ
いては特に制限はないが、例えばまず、(C)成分の繊
維状物質をミキサーに投入し、水を加えてかきまぜたの
ち、これに(A)成分のセメント、(B)成分のもみが
ら灰を加え、さらに(D)成分の均質化剤を添加して混
練りし、次いで水を追加して固形分濃度5〜35重量%
程度の抄造に適した濃度の水性スラリーを調製する。な
お、この水性スラリーの調製の際に、所望により、硬化
促進剤やアニオン性界面活性剤などの凝集剤を添加して
もよい。この水性スラリーは固形分濃度3.5〜10重
量%の範囲に調整するのが有利である。The method for preparing the composition for lightweight construction materials of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, first, the fibrous substance of the component (C) is put into a mixer, water is added and stirred, and then () A) The cement of the component and the rice ash of the component (B) are added, and the homogenizing agent of the component (D) is further added and kneaded.
An aqueous slurry having a concentration suitable for papermaking is prepared. When preparing the aqueous slurry, a coagulant such as a curing accelerator or an anionic surfactant may be added, if desired. This aqueous slurry is advantageously adjusted to a solid concentration of 3.5 to 10% by weight.
【0020】次に、本発明の軽量建材の製造方法につい
て説明すると、まず、前記のようにして調製した水性ス
ラリーを抄造法により所望の厚さの板状に成形する。こ
の抄造法については特に制限はなく、例えば従来石綿セ
メント板やパルプセメント板などの製造において慣用さ
れている抄造機を使用し、円網式、長網式、短網式など
により抄造する方法を用いることができる。この際のロ
ール圧は、板状成形体の含水量が40〜55重量%程度
になるように調整するのが有利である。Next, the method for producing a lightweight building material of the present invention will be described. First, the aqueous slurry prepared as described above is formed into a plate having a desired thickness by a papermaking method. This papermaking method is not particularly limited, for example, using a papermaking machine conventionally used in the production of asbestos cement board or pulp cement board, for example, a method of papermaking using a circular net, long net, short net, etc. Can be used. At this time, it is advantageous to adjust the roll pressure so that the water content of the plate-like molded body is about 40 to 55% by weight.
【0021】次に、このようにして得られた板状成形体
を、10数日間程度の自然養生又は60〜80℃程度の
温度で数時間、蒸気養生して凝結硬化させたのち、通常
100〜150℃の範囲の温度において、含水率が10
重量%以下になるまで乾燥処理する。Next, the plate-shaped molded product thus obtained is subjected to natural curing for about 10 several days or steam curing at a temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C. for several hours to cure and cure, and then usually 100. At a temperature in the range of ~ 150 ° C, the water content is 10
Drying treatment is carried out until it becomes less than weight%.
【0022】このようにして、所望の軽量建材が得られ
るが、このものに、さらに必要に応じてエンボス加工、
着色加工、装飾用印刷紙の貼付などを行って、仕上げる
ことができる。In this way, a desired lightweight building material can be obtained.
Finishing can be performed by coloring, attaching decorative printing paper, and the like.
【0023】[0023]
【発明の効果】本発明によると、農業廃棄物のもみがら
灰を利用して、釘打ちや鋸引きなどの加工性及び耐火性
に優れ、かつ適度の曲げ強度を有する、通常かさ比重が
1.0以下、好ましくは0.8以下の軽量建材を容易に
製造することができる。この軽量建材は、例えば天井
材、壁材、断熱材などとして好適に用いられる。According to the present invention, using the ash of agricultural waste, it is excellent in workability such as nailing and sawing and fire resistance, and has an appropriate bending strength and a normal bulk specific gravity of 1%. A lightweight building material of 0.0 or less, preferably 0.8 or less can be easily manufactured. This lightweight building material is suitably used, for example, as a ceiling material, a wall material, a heat insulating material, and the like.
【0024】[0024]
【実施例】次に、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明するが、本発明はこれらの例によってなんら限定され
るものではない。Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
【0025】なお、硬化成形体の曲げ強度は以下に示す
方法により求めた。曲げ強度の測定:硬化成形体を幅4
0mm、長さ160mmに切断し、試料を作成し、この
試料について(株)島津製作所製オートグラフを使用
し、スパン150mm、載荷速度毎分1mmの中央集中
載荷により測定した。また、使用した材料は次のとおり
である。 (A)セメント:普通ポルトランドセメント (B)もみがら灰 300μmふるい目通過の粒度、分析値:SiO2 9
1.8重量%、C 5.4重量%、Al2O3 0.9重量
%、Fe2O3 0.2重量%、CaO 0.6重量%、他
1.1重量% (C)繊維状物質 パルプ:故紙パルプ(濃度5%に調整した解織故紙) C−1:ビニロン繊維[クラレ(株)製、繊維長3m
m] C−2:アスベスト(クリソタイル6Dクラス) C−3:ガラス繊維(耐アルカリ性、繊維長12mm) (D)均質化剤 ミルコンLS:天然含水マグネシア系鉱物であるセピオ
ライト、昭和鉱業(株)製 ワラストナイト:カルシウムメタシリケート鉱物(中国
産) (E)その他 ダイミックス:硬化促進剤、昭和鉱業(株)製The bending strength of the cured product was determined by the following method. Flexural strength measurement: Cured molded body width 4
The sample was cut into 0 mm and 160 mm in length to prepare a sample, and the sample was measured using an Autograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation with a centralized loading of 150 mm in span and 1 mm in loading speed per minute. The materials used are as follows. (A) Cement: ordinary Portland cement (B) Hull ash 300 μm Particle size through sieve, analysis value: SiO 2 9
1.8 wt%, C 5.4 wt%, Al 2 O 3 0.9 wt%, Fe 2 O 3 0.2 wt%, CaO 0.6 wt%, other 1.1% by weight (C) fibers Pulp: waste paper pulp (unwoven waste paper adjusted to a concentration of 5%) C-1: vinylon fiber [Kuraray Co., Ltd., fiber length 3 m
m] C-2: Asbestos (Chrysotile 6D class) C-3: Glass fiber (alkali resistance, fiber length 12 mm) (D) Homogenizer Milcon LS: Sepiolite, a natural hydrous magnesia mineral, manufactured by Showa Mining Co., Ltd. Wollastonite: Calcium metasilicate mineral (from China) (E) Others Die mix: Hardening accelerator, manufactured by Showa Mining Co., Ltd.
【0026】実施例1 ミキサーに、まず古紙パルプ8.8重量部及びビニロン
繊維5.3重量部及び適量の水を投入して、かきまぜた
のち、ポルトランドセメント100重量部、もみがら灰
(炭素含有量:5.4重量%、粒度:300μmふるい
目通過)75重量部、ミルコンLS 5.3重量部、ダ
イミックス 10.0重量部を加え、さらに全水量が4
10重量部になるように水を加えて、5分間混練りして
水性スラリーを調製した。Example 1 First, 8.8 parts by weight of waste paper pulp, 5.3 parts by weight of vinylon fiber, and an appropriate amount of water were put into a mixer, stirred, and then mixed with 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, rice ash (containing carbon). 75 parts by weight, 5.3 parts by weight of Milcon LS, 10.0 parts by weight of Dymix, and a total water amount of 4 parts by weight.
Water was added to 10 parts by weight and kneaded for 5 minutes to prepare an aqueous slurry.
【0027】次に、シートマシンを使用し、これに70
メッシュの金網を敷き、その上下にろ紙を戴置して、真
空度55〜60mmHgの条件で、前記水性スラリー
を、抄造法により所望形状に成形したのち、圧力6to
nで2分間プレス(10kg/cm2)して板状成形体
を作製した。次いで、これを、湿空雰囲気下、20℃で
20時間保持したのち、15℃/hrの速度で80℃ま
で昇温し、さらに80℃で3時間保持して蒸気養生を行
った。その後、105℃で6時間乾燥処理して、縦25
0mm、横250mm、厚さ11.9mmの軽量建材を
製造した。このようにして得た軽量建材の物性を表1に
示す。Next, using a sheet machine,
A mesh wire mesh is laid, filter papers are placed on the top and bottom of the wire mesh, and the aqueous slurry is formed into a desired shape by a papermaking method under the condition of a vacuum degree of 55 to 60 mmHg, and a pressure of 6 to.
The plate was pressed (10 kg / cm 2 ) for 2 minutes at n. Next, this was kept in a moist air atmosphere at 20 ° C. for 20 hours, then heated to 80 ° C. at a rate of 15 ° C./hr, and further kept at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to perform steam curing. Then, it is dried at 105 ° C. for 6 hours,
A lightweight building material having a thickness of 0 mm, a width of 250 mm, and a thickness of 11.9 mm was manufactured. Table 1 shows the physical properties of the thus obtained lightweight building materials.
【0028】実施例2 実施例1におけるビニロン繊維の代りにアスベストを用
い、全水量を1020重量部にした以外は実施例1と同
様にして、水性スラリーを調製した。次にこの水性スラ
リーを用いて、実施例1と同様の抄造法により軽量建材
を製造した。この軽量建材の物性を表1に示す。Example 2 An aqueous slurry was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that asbestos was used instead of the vinylon fiber in Example 1, and the total amount of water was changed to 1020 parts by weight. Next, using this aqueous slurry, a lightweight building material was manufactured by the same papermaking method as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the physical properties of this lightweight building material.
【0029】実施例3、4 セメント100重量部、もみがら灰100重量部、故紙
パルプ10.0重量部又は16.0重量部、ビニロン繊
維6.0重量部、ミルコンLS6.0重量部、ダイミッ
クス10.0重量部を用い、かつ全水量が1200重量
部になるようにして、水性スラリーを調製した。次に、
この水性スラリーを用い実施例1と同様の抄造法により
軽量建材を製造した。この軽量建材の物性を表1に示
す。Examples 3 and 4 100 parts by weight of cement, 100 parts by weight of chaff ash, 10.0 parts by weight or 16.0 parts by weight of waste paper pulp, 6.0 parts by weight of vinylon fiber, 6.0 parts by weight of Milcon LS, die An aqueous slurry was prepared using 10.0 parts by weight of the mix and adjusting the total water amount to 1200 parts by weight. next,
Using this aqueous slurry, a lightweight building material was manufactured by the same papermaking method as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the physical properties of this lightweight building material.
【0030】[0030]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0031】実施例5〜9 セメント100重量部ともみがら灰150重量部に対
し、表2に示す種類と量の成分及び水を加えて水性スラ
リーを調製した。次にこの水性スラリーを用い、実施例
1と同様の抄造法によって、軽量建材を製造した。この
軽量建材の物性を表2に示す。Examples 5 to 9 To 100 parts by weight of cement and 150 parts by weight of chaff ash, the components and amounts shown in Table 2 and water were added to prepare an aqueous slurry. Next, using this aqueous slurry, a lightweight building material was manufactured by the same papermaking method as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the physical properties of this lightweight building material.
【0032】[0032]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0033】実施例10〜13 セメント100重量部ともみがら灰100重量部とダイ
ミックス10重量部とを用い、これに表3に示す量のビ
ニロン繊維及び故紙パルプを加え、全水量1200重量
部になるようにして水性スラリーを調製し、この水性ス
ラリーから抄造法により縦250mm、横200mm、
厚さ12mmの軽量建材を製造した。この軽量建材の物
性を表3に示す。Examples 10 to 13 Using 100 parts by weight of cement, 100 parts by weight of rice ash and 10 parts by weight of die mix, the amount of vinylon fiber and waste paper pulp shown in Table 3 were added thereto, and the total water content was 1200 parts by weight. An aqueous slurry was prepared as described above, and a length of 250 mm, a width of 200 mm,
A lightweight building material having a thickness of 12 mm was manufactured. Table 3 shows the physical properties of this lightweight building material.
【0034】[0034]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0035】実施例14 ミキサーに濃度約5重量%の故紙パルプ(固形分として
80kg)を投入し、5倍量の水を加えて回流させなが
らビニロン繊維(繊維長6mm)8kg、ワラストナイ
ト50kg、微小パルプ300g、ダイミックス40k
g、もみがら灰400kg、ポルトランドセメント40
0kgを加えて混練した。次いで混練した原料混合物を
徐々に汲み上げながら、さらに水で希釈して濃度約4重
量%とし、円網式抄紙機を用い、メーキングロール加圧
を線圧で約35kg/cm2で抄造し、生板の含水率を
約50重量%の範囲に調整して、長さ180cm、幅9
0cm、厚さ1.2cmの板状成形体を製造した。この
際、抄紙原料の濃度を3.5〜5.0重量%の範囲内
で、またメーキングロール加圧の線圧を30〜45kg
/cm2の範囲内で、生板の含水率を40〜55重量%
の範囲内でそれぞれ変動させても、ほとんど同じ品質の
板状成形体が得られた。Example 14 Waste paper pulp (80 kg in solid content) having a concentration of about 5% by weight was put into a mixer, and 8 kg of vinylon fibers (fiber length 6 mm) and 50 kg of wollastonite were added while circulating water by adding 5 times the amount of water. , 300g of fine pulp, 40k of die mix
g, rice ash 400 kg, Portland cement 40
0 kg was added and kneaded. Then, while gradually pumping up the kneaded raw material mixture, the mixture is further diluted with water to a concentration of about 4% by weight, and the paper is machined at a linear pressure of about 35 kg / cm 2 using a circular mesh type paper machine to produce a green paper. The water content of the plate was adjusted to about 50% by weight, and the length was 180 cm and the width was 9 cm.
A plate-like molded body having a thickness of 0 cm and a thickness of 1.2 cm was produced. At this time, the concentration of the papermaking raw material was in the range of 3.5 to 5.0% by weight, and the linear pressure of the making roll was 30 to 45 kg.
/ Cm 2 within the range of 40 to 55% by weight
, A plate-like molded product of almost the same quality was obtained.
【0036】このようにして得た板状成形体を、蒸気養
生室に収容し、1時間当り5℃の昇温速度で70℃まで
昇温し、この温度に4時間保持したのち、徐冷し硬化さ
せた。次に、この硬化体を100〜150℃の温度にお
いて、含水率が10重量%以下になるまで乾燥すること
により軽量建材を得た。このようにして得た軽量建材
は、比重1.0、曲げ強度124.5kg/cm2であ
り、のこ引き、釘打ち、ビス止めのような加工を施して
もクラックやひび割れは認められなかった。The plate-shaped compact thus obtained was placed in a steam curing chamber, heated to 70 ° C. at a heating rate of 5 ° C. per hour, kept at this temperature for 4 hours, and then slowly cooled. And cured. Next, the cured product was dried at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. until the water content became 10% by weight or less to obtain a lightweight building material. The lightweight building material thus obtained has a specific gravity of 1.0 and a bending strength of 124.5 kg / cm 2 , and does not show cracks or cracks even when subjected to processing such as sawing, nailing, and screwing. Was.
【0037】実施例15 ダイミックス40kgを配合しない原料混合物を用いる
ほかは、全く実施例14と同様にして、比重0.99、
曲げ強度112kg/cm2を有し、加工性の良好な軽
量建材を得た。Example 15 The same procedure as in Example 14 was carried out except that a raw material mixture not containing 40 kg of die mix was used.
A lightweight building material having a bending strength of 112 kg / cm 2 and excellent workability was obtained.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C04B 16:02) 111:30 111:40 (72)発明者 鈴木 信 大阪府吹田市千里山西3丁目5−12− 516 (72)発明者 川村 弘一 京都府長岡京市鴬台88 審査官 大工原 大二 (56)参考文献 特開 昭59−83974(JP,A) 特開 昭61−242937(JP,A) 特表 平7−506326(JP,A)──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical indication location C04B 16:02) 111: 30 111: 40 (72) Inventor Shin Suzuki 3 Senriyamanishi, Suita-shi, Osaka 5-2-1-516 (72) Koichi Kawamura 88 Kodai, Nagaokakyo City, Kyoto Prefecture Daiji Okuhara (56) References JP 59-83974 (JP, A) JP 61-242937 (JP, A) ) Special table Hei 7-506326 (JP, A)
Claims (8)
素含有量2.5〜7重量%のもみがら灰25〜150重
量部、(C)繊維状物質10〜40重量部及び(D)均
質化剤5〜15重量部を含有する水性スラリーから成る
軽量建材用組成物。(A) 100 parts by weight of cement, (B) 25 to 150 parts by weight of rice ash having a carbon content of 2.5 to 7% by weight, (C) 10 to 40 parts by weight of fibrous substance, and (D) A) A lightweight building material composition comprising an aqueous slurry containing 5 to 15 parts by weight of a homogenizing agent.
るい目通過の粒度を有するものである請求項1記載の軽
量建材用組成物。2. The composition for a lightweight building material according to claim 1, wherein the rice ash (B) has a particle size of 300 μm through a sieve.
はパルプ繊維と合成繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維及び鉱
物性繊維の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種との混合物で
ある請求項1又は2記載の軽量建材用組成物。3. The fibrous substance as component (C) is pulp fiber or a mixture of pulp fiber and at least one selected from synthetic fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and mineral fiber. 2. The composition for lightweight building materials according to 2.
系鉱物、水溶性繊維素類及び水溶性ポリマーの中から選
ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項1、2又は3記載の
軽量建材用組成物。4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the homogenizing agent of the component (D) is at least one selected from water glass, natural minerals, water-soluble fibrils and water-soluble polymers. A composition for lightweight building materials.
素含有量2.5〜7重量%のもみがら灰25〜150重
量部、(C)繊維状物質10〜40重量部及び(D)均
質化剤5〜15重量部を含有する水性スラリーを、抄造
して板状に成形したのち、養生、乾燥処理して含水率1
0重量%以下にすることを特徴とする軽量建材の製造方
法。(A) 100 parts by weight of cement, (B) 25 to 150 parts by weight of rice ash having a carbon content of 2.5 to 7% by weight, (C) 10 to 40 parts by weight of fibrous substance, and (D) ) An aqueous slurry containing 5 to 15 parts by weight of a homogenizing agent is formed into a sheet and molded, then cured and dried to obtain a water content of 1%.
A method for producing a lightweight building material, wherein the weight is set to 0% by weight or less.
るい目通過の粒度を有するものである請求項5記載の軽
量建材の製造方法。6. The method for producing a lightweight building material according to claim 5, wherein the chaff ash of the component (B) has a particle size of 300 μm passing through a sieve.
はパルプ繊維と合成繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維及び鉱
物性繊維の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種との混合物で
ある請求項5又は6記載の軽量建材の製造方法。7. The fibrous substance of component (C) is pulp fiber or a mixture of pulp fiber and at least one selected from synthetic fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and mineral fiber. 6. The method for producing a lightweight building material according to 6.
系鉱物、水溶性繊維素類及び水溶性ポリマーの中から選
ばれた少なくとも1種である請求項5、6又は7記載の
軽量建材の製造方法。8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the homogenizing agent of the component (D) is at least one selected from water glass, natural minerals, water-soluble fibrils and water-soluble polymers. Manufacturing method of lightweight building materials.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP24992295A JP2666893B2 (en) | 1995-09-27 | 1995-09-27 | Composition for lightweight building material and method for producing lightweight building material |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24992295A JP2666893B2 (en) | 1995-09-27 | 1995-09-27 | Composition for lightweight building material and method for producing lightweight building material |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH0986995A JPH0986995A (en) | 1997-03-31 |
JP2666893B2 true JP2666893B2 (en) | 1997-10-22 |
Family
ID=17200186
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JP4524721B2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2010-08-18 | 株式会社前田先端技術研究所 | Cement composition containing rice husk ash etc. |
KR102483897B1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-01-04 | 김정규 | Aerated concrete containing rice husk and its manufacturing method |
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