WO2014129562A1 - タンク内圧抑制装置 - Google Patents

タンク内圧抑制装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014129562A1
WO2014129562A1 PCT/JP2014/054087 JP2014054087W WO2014129562A1 WO 2014129562 A1 WO2014129562 A1 WO 2014129562A1 JP 2014054087 W JP2014054087 W JP 2014054087W WO 2014129562 A1 WO2014129562 A1 WO 2014129562A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
lng
tank
internal pressure
boil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/054087
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岡　勝
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to EP14754698.0A priority Critical patent/EP2921761B1/en
Priority to KR1020177014419A priority patent/KR102062439B1/ko
Priority to CN201480003581.2A priority patent/CN104870885B/zh
Publication of WO2014129562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014129562A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tank internal pressure suppression device, and more particularly to a tank internal pressure suppression device that suppresses an increase in internal pressure of a tank that stores LNG.
  • An LNG tank for storing LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas: liquefied natural gas) is known.
  • LNG Lified Natural Gas: liquefied natural gas
  • the internal pressure of the LNG tank rises due to the generation of boil-off gas inside the LNG tank. It is necessary to extract and process the boil-off gas so that the internal pressure does not exceed the allowable pressure of the LNG tank.
  • Japanese Patent No. 4859980 discloses an LNG cold utilization gas turbine that utilizes a boil-off gas generated in an LNG tank. Such an LNG cold utilization gas turbine can reduce the internal pressure by extracting a part of the boil off gas from the LNG tank, and maintain the soundness of the LNG tank.
  • Boil-off gas generated in the LNG tank is burned and discarded in an air-cooled incinerator or supplied as fuel to the ship's boiler, and surplus steam is cooled and condensed with seawater in many cases, and effectively used. Is desired.
  • the apparatus using boil-off gas on a ship it is desired that it has a simpler configuration.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tank internal pressure control device that effectively uses boil-off gas generated in a tank and is configured more easily.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device comprises a gas combustor, a plurality of gas turbines, a compressor and a load.
  • a gas burner produces compressed exhaust gas by burning boil-off gas generated inside the tank using compressed air.
  • the plurality of gas turbines respectively generate a plurality of powers using the pressurized exhaust gas.
  • the compressor generates compressed air by compressing air using power generated by an air compression gas turbine of the plurality of gas turbines.
  • the load utilizes recovery power generated by a power recovery gas turbine different from the air compression gas turbine of the plurality of gas turbines.
  • Such a tank internal pressure control device is effectively used to supply the necessary rotational drive power in the ship. That is, when the flow rate of pressurized exhaust gas generated by burning the boil-off gas with compressed gas in the gas combustor is higher than the flow rate of pressurized exhaust gas required for the air compression gas turbine generating the compressed air, The apparatus is established, and the excess surplus pressurized exhaust gas flow rate can be used as recovery power generated by a power recovery gas turbine separate from the air compression gas turbine, and can be effectively used for other loads.
  • Such a tank internal pressure control device can use the recovery power as another load for applications other than air compression. As a result, in comparison with other tank internal pressure control devices configured to generate the compressed air required in the gas combustor by the air compression gas turbine using other drive sources, no other drive source is required. Therefore, the configuration can be simplified.
  • the gas combustor may include a plurality of gas combustor elements corresponding to the plurality of gas turbines.
  • an optional gas turbine of the plurality of gas turbines uses the pressurized exhaust gas generated by the corresponding gas combustor element corresponding to the optional gas turbine of the plurality of gas combustor elements. Generate power.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device can change the plurality of powers generated by the plurality of gas turbines, respectively, by changing the supply amounts of the boil-off gas to the plurality of gas combustor elements and supplying them. Since the load using these multiple powers can be changed to be more suitable, the configuration can be simplified.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device may further include a refrigerator that supplies low temperature LNG generated by cooling the LNG in a refrigeration cycle using high pressure refrigerant gas to the tank. At this time, the load generates the high pressure refrigerant gas by compressing the low pressure refrigerant gas using the surplus power.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device uses an excess power whose power for generating high-pressure refrigerant gas is recovered by a power recovery gas turbine, whereby the power for generating high-pressure refrigerant gas is an electric motor using power. Power consumption can be reduced compared to other devices that are generated by and the like.
  • the refrigerator includes: a first heat exchanger that generates a low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas by cooling the high-pressure refrigerant gas; and an expansion turbine that generates a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas by adiabatically expanding the low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas;
  • the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas may be used to provide a second heat exchanger that generates low-temperature LNG by cooling the LNG stored in the tank.
  • the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger further generate the low pressure refrigerant gas by heating the low temperature low pressure refrigerant gas.
  • Such a refrigerator uses another low temperature low pressure refrigerant gas after being used for cooling LNG to precool the high pressure refrigerant gas immediately before adiabatic expansion, thereby cooling without using the low temperature low pressure refrigerant gas. Since a cold heat source can be effectively used as compared with the case, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas can be generated more appropriately, the LNG can be cooled more efficiently, and the generation of boil-off gas can be suppressed.
  • the refrigerator may further include a condenser that generates a liquefied boil off gas by liquefying the boil off gas.
  • the second heat exchanger further supplies the low temperature liquefied boil off gas generated by cooling the liquefied boil off gas to the tank.
  • the condenser further heats the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device can suppress the generation of the boil-off gas by the refrigerator liquefying the boil-off gas, and can appropriately reduce the internal pressure of the tank.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device may further include a cold storage heat system.
  • the second heat exchanger further stores the liquefied refrigerant gas generated by cooling the low temperature refrigerant gas in the cold storage system, and further cools the LNG using the liquefied refrigerant gas.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device may further include an LNG heating device that generates high temperature LNG by heating the LNG using a high temperature refrigerant gas.
  • the refrigerator further generates the high temperature refrigerant gas by heating the low temperature refrigerant gas.
  • the LNG heating apparatus further generates the low temperature refrigerant gas by cooling the high temperature refrigerant gas.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device can reduce the load of the refrigerator by cooling the LNG using the cold heat of the low temperature refrigerant gas generated by the LNG heating device.
  • a ship according to the present invention comprises a tank internal pressure suppression device according to claim 7, an engine for generating a propulsion power using the high temperature LNG, and a propulsion device for propelling a ship body using the propulsion power.
  • the tank internal pressure control method generates pressurized exhaust gas by burning boil-off gas using compressed air, and generates the pressurized exhaust gas using a gas turbine for air compression among a plurality of gas turbines. Generating the compressed air by compressing the air using the selected power, using the pressurized exhaust gas by a power recovery gas turbine different from the air compression gas turbine of the plurality of gas turbines. Operating the load using the recovery power.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device that executes such a method for suppressing the internal pressure of the tank uses the pressurized exhaust gas from the power recovery gas turbine separate from the air compression gas turbine, so that the power generated by the air compression gas turbine is As compared with other tank internal pressure control devices used other than the compression of the above, the generated boil-off gas can be more effectively used, and the configuration can be simplified.
  • Another tank internal pressure control device liquefys a boil-off gas by cooling boil-off gas generated inside a tank storing LNG, and a refrigerator for supplying the liquefied boil-off gas to the tank, a high temperature refrigerant And a LNG heating device that generates high temperature LNG by heating the LNG using a gas.
  • the refrigerator further heats the low temperature refrigerant gas to be a high temperature refrigerant gas.
  • This LNG heating device again converts the high temperature refrigerant gas into a low temperature refrigerant gas.
  • Such a tank internal pressure control device can reduce the load on the refrigerator by cooling the LNG using the cold heat of the low temperature refrigerant gas cooled by the LNG heating device.
  • the tank internal pressure control device can effectively utilize the boil-off gas generated in the tank, and can be configured more easily.
  • the tank internal pressure control device 10 is shown in FIG. 1 and is used for a ship.
  • the ship includes an LNG tank 1, an engine 2 and a propulsion device 3 in addition to the tank internal pressure control device 10, and a ship body not shown.
  • a tank internal pressure suppression device 10, an LNG tank 1, an engine 2 and a propulsion device 3 are installed in the ship body.
  • the LNG tank 1 stores LNG.
  • the LNG tank 1 needs to depressurize the internal pressure so as to maintain the soundness of the LNG tank so that the internal pressure does not become higher than a predetermined allowable internal pressure.
  • the LNG tank 1 holds a predetermined amount of LNG in the tank internal pressure control device 10, and the LNG evaporates in the LNG tank because the boiling point is as low as about -160 ° C.
  • the boil-off gas generated thereby is supplied to the tank internal pressure control device 10 at a predetermined flow rate.
  • the boil-off gas is heat-exchanged in respective heat exchangers described later, and is then supplied to the gas combustor 31 of the combustion system 8 described later.
  • LNG is brought into high pressure by a pressure rising pump 11, which will be described later, and heated in a liquid state by a heat exchanger 16, which will be described later, to become high temperature LNG.
  • the engine 2 generates power by burning the high temperature LNG supplied from the tank internal pressure control device 10.
  • the propulsion device 3 uses the power generated by the engine 2 to generate propulsion to propel the ship body.
  • the tank internal pressure control device 10 includes an LNG heating device 5, a cold storage system 6, a refrigerator 7, and a combustion system 8, and includes a control device (not shown).
  • the LNG heating device 5 includes a pressure raising pump 11, a heating device 12, a refrigerant gas supply device 14, a circulator 15 and a heat exchanger 16.
  • the pressure rising pump 11 supplies LNG to the heat exchanger 16 by pressurizing LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the tank internal pressure control device 10.
  • the refrigerator 7 is composed of a refrigeration cycle using nitrogen refrigerant, and is a system for circulating nitrogen by the LNG heating device 5 and the refrigerator 7, and a system for circulating nitrogen by the refrigerator 7 and the combustion system 8. And the second nitrogen gas.
  • the first nitrogen gas and the second nitrogen gas are coupled via the cold storage system 6.
  • the heating device 12 heats the high temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the refrigerator 7 using seawater or the like.
  • the refrigerant gas supply device 14 mixes nitrogen gas with the high temperature first nitrogen gas heated by the heating device 12 when the amount of the high temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the refrigerator 7 is less than a predetermined amount. Do.
  • the circulator 15 supplies the high temperature first nitrogen gas to the heat exchanger 16 by pressurizing the high temperature first nitrogen gas heated by the heating device 12.
  • the heat exchanger 16 transfers the heat of the high temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the circulator 15 to the LNG supplied from the pressure pump 11. That is, the heat exchanger 16 generates the low temperature first nitrogen gas by cooling the high temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the circulator 15 with the LNG, and heats the LNG supplied from the pressure pump 11 to the high temperature LNG Generate
  • the LNG heating device 5 supplies the low temperature first nitrogen gas generated by the heat exchanger 16 to the refrigerator 7.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 supplies the high temperature LNG generated by the heat exchanger 16 to the engine 2.
  • the heat storage system 6 includes a valve 17, a liquid nitrogen tank 18 and a valve 19.
  • the valve 17 supplies the liquid nitrogen produced by the refrigerator 7 to the liquid nitrogen tank 18 and controls the controller to control the flow rate of the body nitrogen supplied to the liquid nitrogen tank 18.
  • the liquid nitrogen tank 18 stores liquid nitrogen supplied from the valve 17.
  • the valve 19 supplies liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen tank 18 to the refrigerator 7, and is controlled by the control device to change the flow rate of liquid nitrogen supplied to the refrigerator 7.
  • the refrigerator 7 includes a cooling device 21, a first precooling device 22, a second precooling device 23, an expansion turbine 24, a heat exchanger 25, a condenser 26, a blower 27, and a gas-liquid separation device 28.
  • the cooling device 21 cools the high pressure second nitrogen gas supplied from the combustion system 8 to the refrigerator 7 using seawater or the like.
  • the first precooling device 22 transfers the heat of the high pressure second nitrogen gas cooled by the cooling device 21 to the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas heated by the second precooling device 23 and the low temperature boil-off gas. That is, the first precooling device 22 further cools the high pressure second nitrogen gas cooled by the cooling device 21, and heats the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas and the boil-off gas heated by the second precooling device 23.
  • the second precooling device 23 uses the heat of the high pressure second nitrogen gas cooled by the first precooling device 22, the low temperature second nitrogen gas heated by the condenser 26, the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas, and the gas-liquid separator 28.
  • the heat is transferred to the low temperature boil off gas generated. That is, the second precooling device 23 cools the high pressure second nitrogen gas cooled by the first precooling device 22 and heats the low temperature second nitrogen gas and the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas heated by the condenser 26, The low temperature boil-off gas generated by the gas-liquid separator 28 is heated. At this time, the refrigerator 7 supplies the combustion boil-off gas generated by the low temperature boil-off gas generated by the gas-liquid separator 28 to be heated by the first precooling device 22 and the second precooling device 23 to the combustion system 8 Do.
  • the expansion turbine 24 adiabatically expands the low-temperature second nitrogen gas supplied from the combustion system 8 and cooled by the cooling device 21, the first pre-cooling device 22 and the second pre-cooling device 23. , Low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas is generated to generate rotational power.
  • the heat exchanger 25 comprises the heat of the liquefied boil off gas generated by the gas-liquid separator 28, the heat of the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1, and the heat of condensation of the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5.
  • the heat is transferred to the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas generated by the expansion turbine 24 and the liquid nitrogen stored by the cold storage heat system 6. That is, the heat exchanger 25 produces low temperature LNG by cooling the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1 and produces low temperature liquefied boil off gas by cooling the liquefied boil off gas produced by the gas-liquid separator 28. Do.
  • the heat exchanger 25 further generates liquid nitrogen by cooling the low-temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5.
  • the heat exchanger 25 further mixes the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas generated by the expansion turbine 24 with the liquid nitrogen supplied from the cold storage heat system 6 to heat the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies the low temperature LNG and the low temperature liquefied boil off gas to the LNG tank 1 and supplies the liquid nitrogen to the cold storage system 6.
  • the condenser 26 combines the condensation heat of the boil-off gas supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the refrigerator 7 into the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5 and the second nitrogen gas supplied from the heat exchanger 25. Heat transfer. That is, the condenser 26 cools the boil-off gas so that the boil-off gas supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the refrigerator 7 is liquefied. The condenser 26 further heats the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5 and further heats the low temperature low pressure nitrogen gas heated by the heat exchanger 25. At this time, the refrigerator 7 heats the high temperature first nitrogen gas generated by the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5 being heated by the second precooling device 23 and the condenser 26. Supply to
  • the first precooling device 22 and the second precooling device 23 generate the low pressure first nitrogen gas by heating the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas used by the heat exchanger 25 and the condenser 26.
  • the blower 27 uses the rotational power generated by the expansion turbine 24 to pressurize the low pressure second nitrogen gas.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies the pressurized low pressure second nitrogen gas to the combustion system 8.
  • the gas-liquid separator 28 performs gas-liquid separation of the boil-off gas cooled by the condenser 26 to generate a liquefied boil-off gas as a liquid and a low-temperature boil-off gas as a gas.
  • the combustion system 8 includes a gas burner 31, a first flow control valve 32, a second flow control valve 33, an air compression gas turbine 34, a refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35, an air compressor 36, and a refrigerant gas compressor 37. Is equipped.
  • the gas combustor 31 burns the combustion boil-off gas supplied from the refrigerator 7 using the compressed air generated by the air compressor 36 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure pressurized exhaust gas.
  • the first flow rate adjustment valve 32 supplies the pressurized exhaust gas generated by the gas combustor 31 to the air compression gas turbine 34, and the pressurized exhaust gas is supplied to the air compression gas turbine 34 by being controlled by the control device. Vary the flow rate supplied.
  • the second flow rate adjustment valve 33 supplies the pressurized exhaust gas generated by the gas combustor 31 to the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 and is controlled by the control device, so that the pressurized exhaust gas is a refrigerant gas compression gas turbine Vary the flow rate supplied to 35.
  • the air compression gas turbine 34 generates rotational power using kinetic energy of the pressurized exhaust gas supplied from the first flow rate adjustment valve 32.
  • the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 generates rotational power using kinetic energy of the pressurized exhaust gas supplied from the second flow rate adjustment valve 33.
  • the air compressor 36 generates compressed air by compressing air using the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 34.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 generates the high pressure second nitrogen gas by compressing the low pressure second nitrogen gas generated by the refrigerator 7 using the rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35. .
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 When operating the rotational power of the refrigerant gas compressor 37, the refrigerant gas compressor 37 uses the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 34 to generate the air compression gas turbine 34 and the air compressor 36.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 needs to be arranged in a straight line, or a device that changes the direction of the rotational shaft of the rotational power needs to be provided.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 uses the rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 separate from the air compression gas turbine 34.
  • the compressed exhaust gas generated by the gas combustor 31 is divided and supplied to the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 separate from the air compression gas turbine 34 so that the air compression gas turbine 34 and the air compressor 36
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 does not have to be arranged in a straight line, or it is not necessary to provide a device for changing the direction of the rotational shaft of the rotational power, and it can be more easily manufactured. Therefore, the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 can be more easily installed in the ship body.
  • the control device is a computer, and is electrically connected to the valve 17, the valve 19, the first flow control valve 32, and the second flow control valve 33 so as to be able to transmit information.
  • the control device controls the valve 17 so that liquid nitrogen produced by the refrigerator 7 is supplied to the liquid nitrogen tank 18 when the load of the refrigerator 7 is smaller than a predetermined load, to the liquid nitrogen tank 18.
  • the valve 19 is controlled so that the stored liquid nitrogen is not supplied to the refrigerator 7.
  • the controller further controls the valve 17 such that the liquid nitrogen produced by the refrigerator 7 is not supplied to the liquid nitrogen tank 18 when the load of the refrigerator 7 is greater than the predetermined load, and the liquid nitrogen tank
  • the valve 19 is controlled so that the liquid nitrogen stored in 18 is supplied to the refrigerator 7.
  • the control device prevents the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 34 from fluctuating, that is, the rotational power is a predetermined power.
  • the first flow control valve 32 is controlled to be equal to
  • the control device further controls the second flow rate adjustment valve 33 so that the rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 does not fluctuate, that is, the rotational power becomes equal to a predetermined power.
  • the embodiment of the tank internal pressure suppression method is executed by the tank internal pressure suppression device 10, and includes the operation of the refrigeration loop, the operation of the cold storage heat loop, and the operation of the boil-off gas system.
  • the refrigeration loop is connected to a refrigerant circuit formed of a refrigerant gas compressor 37, a cooling device 21, a first precooling device 22, a second precooling device 23, an expansion turbine 24, a heat exchanger 25, a condenser 26, and a blower 27. 2 Circulate nitrogen gas. That is, the refrigerant gas compressor 37 generates the high pressure second nitrogen gas by compressing the low pressure second nitrogen gas generated by the refrigerator 7. The cooling device 21, the first precooling device 22, and the second precooling device 23 produce low-temperature high-pressure second nitrogen gas by pre-cooling the high-pressure second nitrogen gas. The expansion turbine 24 generates a low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas by adiabatically expanding the low temperature high pressure second nitrogen gas.
  • the heat exchanger 25 transfers the cold heat of the low-temperature high-pressure second nitrogen gas to the liquefied boil-off gas generated by the gas-liquid separator 28 and the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1 to obtain liquefied boil-off gas and LNG. Cool down. At this time, the tank internal pressure control device 10 supplies the LNG tank 1 with the low temperature liquefied boil off gas generated by cooling the liquefied boil off gas and the low temperature LNG generated by cooling the LNG.
  • the condenser 26 cools the boil-off gas by transferring the cold heat of the low-temperature low-pressure second nitrogen gas supplied from the heat exchanger 25 to the boil-off gas supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the refrigerator 7.
  • the first precooling device 22 and the second precooling device 23 generate low-pressure nitrogen gas by heating the low-temperature low-pressure second nitrogen gas used by the heat exchanger 25 and the condenser 26.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies the low pressure second nitrogen gas to the refrigerant gas compressor 37.
  • the refrigerator 7 can more appropriately generate the low temperature low pressure second nitrogen gas by adiabatically expanding the low temperature high pressure second nitrogen gas in which the high pressure second nitrogen gas is precooled. It is possible to cool the LNG and the liquefied boil off gas more properly.
  • the refrigerator 7 can further reduce energy consumption by utilizing the cold heat of the low-temperature low-pressure second nitrogen gas to pre-cool the high-pressure second nitrogen gas.
  • the tank internal pressure control device 10 further cools the LNG stored in the LNG tank 1 more appropriately by supplying the low temperature LNG and the low temperature liquefied boil off gas to the LNG tank 1 It is possible to suppress the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 more appropriately.
  • the cold storage heat loop circulates nitrogen gas to a refrigerant circuit formed by the refrigerator 7, the heating device 12, the circulator 15, and the heat exchanger 16. That is, at this time, the condenser 26 of the refrigerator 7 transfers the cold heat of the low-temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the heating device 12 to the boil-off gas supplied from the LNG tank 1 to the refrigerator 7, thereby boil off Cool the gas.
  • the second precooling device 23 of the refrigerator 7 further cools the high pressure second nitrogen gas by transferring the heat of the low temperature nitrogen gas to the high pressure second nitrogen gas cooled by the first precooling device 22.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies the high temperature first nitrogen gas generated by the low temperature second nitrogen gas being heated by the condenser 26 and the first precooling device 22 to the heating device 12.
  • the heating device 12 heats the high temperature first nitrogen gas.
  • the circulator 15 supplies high temperature nitrogen first gas to the heat exchanger 16.
  • the heat exchanger 16 transfers the heat of the high temperature first nitrogen gas to the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1, thereby cooling the high temperature first nitrogen gas and heating the LNG.
  • the LNG heating device 5 supplies high temperature LNG generated by heating the LNG to the engine 2 and supplies low temperature first nitrogen gas generated by cooling the high temperature first nitrogen gas to the refrigerator 7 Do.
  • the engine 2 generates power by burning the heated high temperature LNG.
  • the propulsion device 3 uses that power to generate a propulsion force that propels the ship body.
  • the ship is propelled by its propulsive power.
  • the heat exchanger 25 of the refrigerator 7 generates liquid nitrogen by cooling the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5.
  • the controller supplies the liquid nitrogen produced by the refrigerator 7 to the liquid nitrogen tank 18 and controls the valve 19 by controlling the valve 17 when the load of the refrigerator 7 is smaller than a predetermined load.
  • the control device is further generated by the refrigerator 7 by controlling the valve 17 when the load of the refrigerator 7 is smaller than the predetermined load when the load of the refrigerator 7 is larger than the predetermined load.
  • the supply of liquid nitrogen to the liquid nitrogen tank 18 is stopped, and the valve 19 is controlled to supply the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen tank 18 to the refrigerator 7.
  • the heat exchanger 25 of the refrigerator 7 includes the liquefied boil-off gas generated by the gas-liquid separator 28 and the LNG supplied from the LNG tank 1 when liquid nitrogen is supplied from the cold storage system 8 to the refrigerator 7.
  • the LNG and the liquefied boil off gas are cooled by further transferring the cold heat of the liquid nitrogen.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies the LNG tank 1 with low temperature LNG generated by cooling the LNG and low temperature liquefied boil off gas generated by cooling the liquefied boil off gas.
  • the refrigerator 7 can reduce the load of cooling by utilizing the cold heat of the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5, and the LNG and the liquefied boil off It is possible to cool the gas more properly.
  • the refrigerator 7 can further reduce the consumption amount of consuming the energy supplied from the outside by utilizing the cold heat of the low temperature first nitrogen gas supplied from the LNG heating device 5.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 can reduce the consumption amount of energy supplied from the outside by reducing the consumption amount of energy consumed by the refrigerator 7.
  • the refrigerator 7 can stably cool the LNG even when the load on the refrigerator 7 fluctuates, and the boil-off gas is stabilized. Can be liquefied and cooled.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 can suppress the rise of the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 more stably by the refrigerator 7 stably cooling the LNG and the boil-off gas.
  • the boil-off gas system is formed of a condenser 26, a gas-liquid separator 28, a second precooling device 23, and a first precooling device 22.
  • the condenser 26 generates a low-temperature boil-off gas by cooling the boil-off gas supplied from the LNG tank 1.
  • the gas-liquid separator 28 separates the low-temperature boil-off gas into a liquid to thereby generate a liquefied boil-off gas which is a liquid and a low-temperature boil-off gas which is a gas.
  • the second precooler 23 and the first precooler 22 generate a boil-off gas for combustion by heating the low-temperature boil-off gas.
  • the refrigerator 7 supplies combustion boil off gas to the combustion system 8.
  • the gas combustor 31 of the combustion system 8 uses the compressed air generated by the air compressor 36 to burn the combustion boil-off gas supplied from the refrigerator 7 to generate a high-temperature, high-pressure pressurized exhaust gas.
  • the control device controls the first flow rate adjustment valve 32 so that the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 34 becomes constant, so that the pressurized exhaust gas is supplied to the air compression gas turbine 34 at a predetermined flow rate. Supply.
  • the control device further controls the second flow rate adjustment valve 33 to compress the pressurized exhaust gas at a predetermined flow rate so that the rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 becomes constant.
  • the gas turbine 35 is supplied.
  • the air compression gas turbine 34 generates rotational power using kinetic energy of the pressurized exhaust gas supplied from the first flow rate adjustment valve 32.
  • the air compressor 36 generates compressed air by compressing air using the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 34.
  • the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35 generates rotational power using kinetic energy of the pressurized exhaust gas supplied from the second flow rate adjustment valve 33.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 37 generates the high pressure second nitrogen gas by compressing the low pressure second nitrogen gas generated by the refrigerator 7 using the rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 35. .
  • the tank internal pressure control device 10 can appropriately suppress the rise of the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 by extracting the boil-off gas generated in the LNG tank 1 from the LNG tank 1.
  • the power recovery of the boil-off gas by using the pressurized exhaust gas burned in the gas burner 31 causes the refrigerator 7 to operate to stably cool the LNG and the boil-off gas, thereby the LNG tank The increase in internal pressure of 1 can be suppressed more stably.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression apparatus 10 can also be utilized for another use different from a ship.
  • the tank internal pressure control device 10 may be exemplified by a single LNG tank 1 and a floating body type liquefied natural gas production storage and delivery facility for delivering liquefied natural gas stored on the ocean to a tanker.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device used for such an application can also suppress the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 more appropriately, in the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the above-described embodiment.
  • the refrigerator 7 can cool the LNG and the boil-off gas without using the low-temperature first nitrogen gas cooled by the LNG heating device 5. Therefore, when the LNG heating device 5 does not have to heat the LNG, for example, when the tank internal pressure control device 10 is not used for a ship, the nitrogen gas that supplies the nitrogen gas to the refrigerator 7 without heating the LNG. It can be replaced by a feeder. At this time, the heat exchanger 25 of the refrigerator 7 generates liquid nitrogen by liquefying the nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen gas supply device.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device can also suppress the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 more stably, in the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above. However, the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the above-described embodiment cools the LNG and the boil-off gas using the low temperature nitrogen gas cooled by the LNG heating device 5 in comparison with the tank internal pressure suppression device. The load on the refrigerator 7 can be reduced.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 can sufficiently cool the LNG and the boil-off gas, the cold storage heat system 6 can be omitted. Also in the tank internal pressure suppression device from which the cold storage system 6 is omitted, the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 can be more appropriately suppressed in the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above.
  • the refrigerator 7 can be replaced with another refrigerator that precools the high pressure nitrogen gas just before adiabatic expansion without using the low temperature low pressure refrigerant gas.
  • the refrigerator precools high pressure nitrogen gas, for example, using the cold heat of the atmosphere.
  • the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 can be appropriately suppressed in the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above.
  • the refrigerator 7 can further omit the condenser 26.
  • the refrigerator in which the condenser 26 is omitted can cool the LNG in the same manner as the refrigerator 7 and can appropriately suppress an increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1.
  • the combustion system 8 in the above-described embodiment is replaced with another combustion system.
  • the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 51-1 to 51-n correspond to the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n.
  • the gas is supplied to the gas burner 52-i corresponding to the flow rate adjustment valve 51-i among the plurality of gas burners 52-1 to 52-n.
  • the flow rate adjustment valve 51-i is further controlled by the controller to change the flow rate at which the combustion boil-off gas is supplied to the gas combustor 52-i.
  • An optional gas combustor 52-i among the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n uses the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 54 to perform combustion supplied from the flow rate adjustment valve 51-i.
  • a high temperature and high pressure pressurized exhaust gas is generated by burning the target boil off gas.
  • the plurality of gas turbines 53-1 to 53-n correspond to the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n.
  • the optional gas turbine 53-i of the plurality of gas turbines 53-1 to 53-n is a gas combustor 52 corresponding to the gas turbine 53-i of the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n.
  • the rotational energy is generated using kinetic energy of the pressurized exhaust gas generated by -i.
  • the air compressor 54 generates compressed air by compressing air using the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 53-1 among the plurality of gas turbines 53-1 to 53-n.
  • the air compressor 54 supplies the generated compressed air to the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 55 is a low pressure nitrogen gas generated by the refrigerator 7 using rotational power generated by the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 53-2 among the plurality of gas turbines 53-1 to 53-n. Produces high-pressure nitrogen gas by compressing The refrigerant gas compressor 55 supplies the generated high pressure nitrogen gas to the refrigerator 7.
  • control device controls the flow rate adjustment valve 51-i such that the rotational power generated by the air compression gas turbine 53-i does not fluctuate, that is, the rotational power becomes equal to a predetermined power. .
  • the tank internal pressure control device provided with the combustion system 50 effectively uses the excess energy generated from the combustion boil-off gas generated by the refrigerator 7 in the same manner as the tank internal pressure control device 10 in the embodiment described above. It can be used and easily made.
  • Such a tank internal pressure suppression device further changes the flow rate at which the combustion boil-off gas generated by the refrigerator 7 is supplied to the plurality of gas combustors 52-1 to 52-n, respectively.
  • the plurality of rotational powers respectively generated by the plurality of gas turbines 53-1 to 53-n can be more easily varied. Therefore, multiple rotational powers can be effectively used for other loads that drive other devices.
  • the refrigerator 7 can be replaced with other devices that appropriately supply the boil-off gas generated in the LNG tank 1 to the combustion system 8 or the combustion system 50 without cooling the LNG and the boil-off gas.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device from which the refrigerator 7 is omitted is the same as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above, and the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 is appropriately raised by extracting the boil off gas from the LNG tank 1 Can be suppressed.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device further uses another rotational load different from the air compressor 54 (37) by utilizing rotational power generated by a gas turbine separate from the air compression gas turbine 53-1 (34). In the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above, it can be manufactured more easily.
  • the refrigerant gas compressor 55 (37) may use power generated by another power source different from the refrigerant gas compression gas turbine 53-2 (35).
  • a motor that generates rotational power using electric power is exemplified.
  • the increase in the internal pressure of the LNG tank 1 can be more appropriately suppressed in the same manner as the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 in the embodiment described above.
  • the tank internal pressure suppression device 10 according to the above-described embodiment can more effectively utilize the surplus power generated by the boil-off gas as compared to such a tank internal pressure suppression device, and the energy consumption can be reduced. It can be further reduced.

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PCT/JP2014/054087 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 タンク内圧抑制装置 WO2014129562A1 (ja)

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EP14754698.0A EP2921761B1 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 Tank internal pressure suppression device
KR1020177014419A KR102062439B1 (ko) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 탱크내압 억제장치
CN201480003581.2A CN104870885B (zh) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 罐内压抑制装置

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CN106678538A (zh) * 2016-12-31 2017-05-17 中船重工（上海）新能源有限公司 多能互补的液化天然气bog回收方法及其实施装置
CN107314234B (zh) * 2017-06-30 2019-04-23 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 一种用lng液力透平解决lng损耗的处理系统及方法
KR102387172B1 (ko) * 2017-12-29 2022-04-15 대우조선해양 주식회사 액화가스 재기화 시스템의 증발가스 처리 장치 및 방법
KR102144184B1 (ko) * 2018-07-27 2020-08-12 한국조선해양 주식회사 증발가스 냉각 시스템 및 선박

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