WO2014128906A1 - 無線通信システム、送信機、受信機、昇降機制御システム、及び、変電設備監視システム - Google Patents
無線通信システム、送信機、受信機、昇降機制御システム、及び、変電設備監視システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014128906A1 WO2014128906A1 PCT/JP2013/054449 JP2013054449W WO2014128906A1 WO 2014128906 A1 WO2014128906 A1 WO 2014128906A1 JP 2013054449 W JP2013054449 W JP 2013054449W WO 2014128906 A1 WO2014128906 A1 WO 2014128906A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/028—Spatial transmit diversity using a single antenna at the transmitter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
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- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system and the like.
- Wireless communication technology which has made significant progress in the broadcasting and communication fields, is gradually overcoming the problems of wireless fragmentation and non-updatable areas, improving the reliability of communication lines, significantly compared to calling and listening.
- the reliability of communication means is higher than that of general consumer equipment, but adoption of wireless technology as a communication means is also being considered in such fields.
- high reliability of communication quality is required.
- an electromagnetic wave propagating in free space is used as a communication transmission medium, but the frequency of the electromagnetic wave that can be propagated wirelessly in real space is in the range of 300 MHz to 3 GHz. At frequencies below this range, the efficiency of radiating radio waves into the air is significantly reduced, and at frequencies above this range, electromagnetic wave energy is greatly attenuated due to scattering phenomena caused by shielding, reflection, diffraction, etc. when radio waves propagate through the air. The distance between the points cannot be taken, and communication can be performed only in the vicinity region, and wireless communication in a broad sense becomes difficult to realize.
- the operating frequency of general-purpose digital elements has been increased from several hundred MHz to several GHz, and it has become possible to introduce digital circuits into devices that perform wireless communication.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the amount of information is increased by an increase in the route in communication using electromagnetic waves on which information that arrives from a transmission side through a different route is superimposed.
- the information to be transmitted is digitized, the digitized signal is orthogonalized using a special code and transmitted, and this code is used on the receiving side.
- signals received in a batch are separated to increase the amount of information or improve the reliability of information transmission.
- the main operation purpose of the wireless devices is to control or monitor social infrastructure devices. Since the social infrastructure device itself is a source for scattering electromagnetic waves used for wireless communication, the wireless communication is performed in an environment where multiple waves generated by scattering interfere with each other. For this reason, it is a technical problem to realize highly reliable wireless communication in the multiwave interference environment. When the difference in the distance from the transmission point to the reception point is an odd multiple of a half wavelength, the energy of the plurality of electromagnetic waves is canceled by interference and becomes zero, and communication becomes impossible.
- One of the techniques for solving this problem is to use a plurality of transmission antennas, reception antennas, or a plurality of both antennas to separate them by more than half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves used for communication, and the electromagnetic waves cancel out their energy due to interference. It is to suppress the expression of the condition.
- the adoption of this technology creates a new problem that increases the size of transmitters and receivers including antennas.
- An electromagnetic wave has two independent polarizations, and when the electromagnetic wave is reflected by a scatterer such as a social infrastructure device, a change in the specific polarization direction occurs depending on the direction of the polarization incident on the scatterer. . Specifically, the direction of polarization of polarized waves perpendicular to the tangential plane of the scatterer surface is maintained, and the direction of polarization of horizontally polarized waves changes by 180 degrees.
- each rotation angle of the polarized wave of the electromagnetic wave is determined by each incident angle of the electromagnetic wave incident on the scatterer. Since multiple waves are components of multiple waves reflected by the scatterers, the rotation directions of the multiple waves are different, and if these different rotation directions can be detected and separated, they are caused by interference of these multiple waves. It is possible to avoid the phenomenon that electromagnetic wave energy becomes zero.
- An electromagnetic wave is transmitted with a certain polarization direction fixed, and the energy of the electromagnetic wave becomes zero due to the interference of multiple waves at the receiving point. Because it has the same direction of polarization rotation that can be canceled, if the direction of the polarization of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in this state is changed, the surface of the scatterer that is the source of multiwave generation Since the polarization rotation direction due to the reflection of radio waves changes, the polarization of electromagnetic waves that interfere at the reception point is not the same except for special conditions. The energy of electromagnetic waves is not zero.
- the situation where the energy of the electromagnetic wave reaching the receiving side from the transmitting side does not become zero exists in an environment where there are many electromagnetic wave scatterers between the transmitting side and the receiving side, and they rotate. Since the direction of the polarization that has reached the reception side differs depending on the initial polarization direction sent from the transmission side of the polarization, it can be distinguished by the initial polarization direction. In other words, since the path of the electromagnetic wave reaching from the transmission side to the reception side differs depending on the initial polarization direction on the transmission side, the communication path reaching from the transmission side to the reception side using these different paths Can be multiplexed, and the reliability of communication quality can be improved by using the multiplexed communication path. For example, by transmitting the same information on each communication path using the multiplexed communication path, the effective communication path cut-off rate from the transmission side to the reception side due to external disturbance is remarkably reduced, and communication is highly reliable. Is realized.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is a technique for increasing communication reliability from a transmitter to a receiver in a radio wave environment in which an electromagnetic wave emitted from a transmitter is subjected to multiple reflections by a scatterer and reaches the receiver. Is to provide.
- the present invention samples a radio wave transmitter that samples an information signal, modulates a carrier wave using the sampled information signal, and transmits a transmission wave transmitted from the radio transmitter.
- a wireless communication system including a wireless receiver that receives and demodulates the information signal, the wireless transmitter rotates a transmission processing unit that generates a transmission wave and a polarization of the transmission wave at a predetermined rotation frequency.
- the transmission processing unit duplicates the sampled information signal, multiplies each duplicated information signal by a predetermined weighting factor, and duplicates the information signal.
- the information signal is allocated on the time axis to generate a transmission wave.
- the present invention it is possible to increase communication reliability from a transmitter to a receiver in a radio wave environment in which an electromagnetic wave emitted from a transmitter is subjected to multiple reflections by a scatterer and reaches a receiver.
- FIG. 1 is an example of a configuration diagram of a transmitter and a receiver that realize the wireless system of the present embodiment.
- the transmitter 75 converts the signal of the frequency band fI generated by the information generation circuit 1 into a digital signal by the analog-digital converter 2, the sampling frequency is increased by the upsampler 3, and a new signal point is included in the discrete interval of the original digital signal. Are formed, and the value of the original digital signal is copied to the new signal point by the digital sample and hold circuit 4.
- a weighting factor is stored in advance in the storage device 6, and the cyclic signal replicator 5 reads the weighting factor from the storage device 6 and sequentially multiplies it with the digital output of the digital sample hold circuit 4 by the first multiplier 7,
- the multiplication result and the digital carrier wave generated by the digital oscillator 8 having the frequency fc are multiplied by the second multiplier 9, and the polarization direction is transmitted via the transmission antenna 10 that rotates at a frequency fr lower than the sampling frequency fc of the digital oscillator 8.
- the receiver 85 includes a plurality of linearly polarized antennas 20 having different polarization directions, and each antenna of the plurality of linearly polarized antennas 20 generates a sine wave having a carrier frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the transmitter.
- An analog mixer 12 that mixes the output of the local oscillator 11, an analog filter 13 that removes unnecessary components from the output of the mixer 12, and an analog-to-digital converter 14 that converts the output of the analog filter 13 into a digital signal are cascade-connected.
- the signals input from the antennas are input to the digital signal processing device 15 as digital signals.
- the digital signal processing device 15 performs digital signal processing on each obtained signal to restore information generated in the information generation circuit 1 inside the transmitter.
- the receiver receives signals in different polarization directions at different sampling timings, performs down-conversion and analog-digital conversion at the carrier frequency, and each time obtained by dividing the rotation period of the polarization at the sampling timings.
- Information generated in the information generation circuit 1 is restored by performing parallel signal processing for the number of points on the axis.
- the same digital data from the transmitter is subjected to different digital weights at different timings in different polarization directions, and sent to the receiver, so that the transmitted waves radiated from the transmitter can be transmitted between the transmitter and the receiver.
- Multiple reflections can be made by an electric field scatterer existing between them, and transmission to a receiver through a plurality of different paths is possible, and communication reliability by multiplexing transmission paths can be improved.
- FIG. 2 is an example of a configuration diagram of the wireless system that performs communication at different timings using electromagnetic waves having different polarization directions in an environment where an electric field scatterer exists between the transmitter and the receiver in the present embodiment. .
- the transmitter 75 transmits the same digital data to the receiver 85 with different weights at different timings using the transmission antenna 70 capable of changing the polarization direction. Since the line-of-sight communication path is interrupted by the fixture 71 existing between the transmitter 75 and the receiver 85, radiation from the transmitter is caused by multiple reflections by a plurality of electromagnetic wave scatterers 72 existing between the transmitter 75 and the receiver 85. The electromagnetic waves that have reached the receiver 85 simultaneously through a plurality of paths.
- the frequency of changing the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the transmitter that is, the maximum frequency of the signal to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver (the information generation circuit 1 in FIG. 1 generates)
- the same frequency can be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver through the plurality of transmission paths, and the communication reliability between the transmitter and the receiver can be increased.
- the receiver Since the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the transmitter is not preserved due to the phase shift at the time of reflection by the electromagnetic wave scatterer 72, the receiver has a variety of polarization directions coming from the transmitter without fail in a plurality of polarization directions. It must detect the electromagnetic waves it has.
- all polarization directions can be equivalent to the same signal. The signal can be detected.
- the rotation frequency fr of the polarization is set sufficiently smaller than the frequency fc of the carrier wave. This is because the polarization rotation frequency fr needs to be sufficiently smaller than the width of ch, that is, the frequency band of the carrier wave, in order to maintain the independence of each frequency ch in wireless communication.
- the transmission wave 91 transmitted in the first polarization direction using the transmission antenna 70 that rotates the polarization direction from the transmitter 75 is received as a combination of the reflected wave 93a having the path difference L1a and the reflected wave 93b having the path difference L1b.
- the wave 92 reaches the receiver 85 in the third polarization direction.
- the transmission wave 95 transmitted in the second polarization direction at another timing by rotating the polarization direction from the transmitter 75 is a combination of the reflected wave 97a having the path difference L2a and the reflected wave 97b having the path difference L2b.
- the received wave 96 reaches the receiver 85 in the fourth polarization direction.
- the eleventh electromagnetic waves in the third and fourth polarization directions have different polarization directions depending on the receiving antenna 80 that rotates the polarization angle of the receiver. Are separated into the polarization direction of the first and the twelfth polarization direction and detected by the receiver 85. Subsequently, the same operation is repeated in the next cycle.
- the lower diagram of FIG. 2 shows the time change of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the transmitter, and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is larger than the maximum frequency of the signal to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver.
- the situation of rotating at the frequency fr is shown.
- the transmitter radiates digital data with different weights to the same signal every quarter of the period corresponding to the frequency fr. That is, the same information signal with different weighting is carried on the carrier wave of each polarization angle.
- the weight coefficient is set to zero and no signal is transmitted, and the power consumption of the transmitter is reduced.
- the received signal can be calculated as an absolute value by complex operation by digital signal processing or the like.
- the value of ⁇ i is a phase difference based on the frequency of the carrier wave of the electromagnetic wave to be used.
- the ratio of the values of A L1 and A L2 can be easily obtained by knowing the values of w1, w2, w3, and w4, and thereby the sum of absolute values
- the maximum value of is obtained.
- the specific calculation of the sum of absolute values creates a complex conjugate signal of the obtained signal, and the maximum value can be calculated by the product of the original signal and the complex conjugate signal.
- this weighting code can have an orthogonal relationship. That is, in the weighting used by the transmitter, the number of different sampling points in the first period of the transmission wave that rotates the original information signal at the first frequency, and the same number of values assigned to the same point In the cycle repetition, recombination is performed, and a plurality of values for each cycle are orthogonal to each other. Then, a signal related to an arbitrary position code can be prepared and extracted by the digital signal processing of the receiving unit from the orthogonality of the code. If the extracted code is used, there is an effect that incoming waves transmitted at different polarization angles and transmitted through different paths can be separated and combined. As a result, multiplexing of transmission paths can be realized, and the reliability of communication can be improved for blocking a specific radio transmission path.
- transmitted information signals are transmitted with different encryption on different transmission paths, which is effective in improving communication security.
- the transmission and reception antennas can be integrated into two antennas with orthogonal polarizations, and the polarization of the electromagnetic waves radiated from the transmitter is rotated to create a plurality of propagation paths from the transmitter to the receiver.
- the same information signal is multiplied by orthogonal weight codes on the plurality of paths and radiated from the transmitter at different sampling timings within the rotation period, and the receiver transmits a plurality of electromagnetic waves propagated from the plurality of paths. It is possible to receive and reconstruct signals superimposed on the multiple electromagnetic waves using the same weight, and to increase the information transmission capacity from the transmission side to the reception side. It can increase communication reliability to the receiver.
- FIG. 3 is another weighting example of digital data in the transmitter of the wireless system in the second embodiment. Unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the same weighting is applied to the digital data points in the second half cycle as the digital data points in the first half cycle. Since the latter half of the one cycle has the same polarization direction as the sign of the former half, the digital data point of the latter half and the digital data point of the first half are sent from the transmitter to the receiver via the same path. Therefore, the communication reliability between the transmitter and the receiver cannot be improved, but the energy of electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver in the average time increases. As a result, the power that can be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver increases, and the communicable distance between transmission and reception can be extended.
- FIG. 4 is another weighting example of the digital data in the transmitter of the wireless system in the third embodiment.
- the second half cycle digital data points are weighted differently from the first half cycle digital data points. Since the latter half of the one cycle has the same polarization direction as the sign of the former half, the digital data point of the latter half and the digital data point of the first half are sent from the transmitter to the receiver via the same path. Therefore, when the environmental change cannot be considered between the transmitter and the receiver at the same speed as the rotation frequency in the polarization direction, the data transmission quality in the first half cycle and the data transmission quality in the second half cycle can be expected to be the same.
- the digital data is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver using the weighting coefficient corresponding to the digital data point in the first half cycle as a real part and the weighting coefficient corresponding to the digital data point in the second half cycle as an imaginary part.
- the code added to the information signal to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver can be a complex number
- the freedom of the algorithm that can be applied to the reconstruction of the information signal using the weighting factor in the receiver Greatly increase the degree.
- FIG. 5 is an example of a digital data generation method of the transmitter of the wireless system in the first embodiment.
- the signal in the frequency band fI generated by the information generation circuit 1 in the wireless device of FIG. 1 is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 2 to obtain the time waveform of FIG.
- the sampling waveform of the same time waveform is increased by the upsampler 3, and a new signal point is formed in the discrete interval of the original digital signal to obtain the time waveform of FIG. 5b.
- the same time waveform is duplicated by the digital sample and hold circuit 4 at the new signal point to obtain the time waveform of FIG.
- the time waveform is the time waveform shown in FIG. 5d by sequentially reading out the weighting factor stored in advance in the storage device 6 by the cyclic signal duplicator 5 and multiplying it by the multiplication circuit.
- the weighting coefficients [w1, w2, w3, w4] of Equation 1 are examples using complex conjugate signals of [1, 1, 1, ⁇ 1]. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to reconstruct an information signal superimposed on an electromagnetic wave radiated from a transmitter using a complex conjugate signal obtained from the same signal as that obtained at a receiver with a double signal strength. As a result, the upsampler 3 and the digital sample and hold circuit 4 duplicate the original digital signal value four times, and these four signals are used as a pair of complex numbers. This is equivalent to doubling. By using complex signals in this way, the digital signal processing load on the receiver side can be reduced.
- the information signal can be reconstructed with four times the signal strength because each digital signal value multiplied by four is multiplied by a real number.
- setting the weighting coefficient is effective in improving the reliability between transmission and reception.
- FIG. 6 is another configuration example of the transmitter that implements the wireless system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the difference from the transmitter of FIG. 1 is that the digital signal that is the output of the first multiplier is split into two, and the first digital oscillator 21 and the second digital signal having the frequencies fc ⁇ fr / 2 and fc + fr / 2, respectively.
- the digital carrier generated by the digital oscillator 23 is multiplied by the first multiplier 22 and the second multiplier 24, and both are added by the synthesizer 25.
- the other is radiated from the transmission antenna 30 and the other is radiated from the vertical polarization transmission antenna 31 via the 90 ° delay device 26 with respect to the rotation frequency fr in the polarization direction.
- the antennas whose polarization direction rotates at a frequency lower than the frequency of the carrier wave can be realized by two orthogonally polarized antennas that can be integrally formed, the effect of the first embodiment can be achieved by using the mechanical drive unit. This can be realized with a transmitter having a small size that is not used. That is, since the orthogonal polarized waves are independent of each other, these two antennas do not need to be spatially separated, and two antennas can be installed with a minimum volume.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the transmitter that implements the wireless system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the transmitter of FIG. 6 generates the time waveforms of FIGS. 7A and 7B by the first digital oscillator 21 and the second digital oscillator 23 having the frequencies fc ⁇ fr / 2 and fc + fr / 2.
- an information signal having a maximum frequency fI is superimposed and a change appears in the envelope, but since the fI is sufficiently smaller than the rotation frequency fr in the polarization direction, the change is very small in the figure.
- the synthesizer 25 are added by the synthesizer 25, and the time waveform of FIG. 7C is obtained. Since the frequency difference between FIGS. 7A and 7B is small, the difference becomes a beat and is found as an envelope. The vibration frequency in the envelope is extremely higher than the frequency of the envelope.
- this beat wave When this beat wave is radiated into the air by two antennas that are spatially orthogonal and shifted by 1/4 wavelength of the envelope frequency, a three-dimensional composite waveform of a three-dimensional envelope as shown in FIG. Advance in the air while rotating the wave direction.
- electromagnetic waves that rotate the polarization direction can be generated using two orthogonally polarized antennas orthogonal to each other.
- the receiver side uses two receiving antennas having two orthogonal polarizations, one is multiplied by the first amplitude coefficient, and the other is a quarter of the rotation period of the polarization.
- the first and second amplitude coefficients are a sine function and a cosine function having the rotation period of the polarization, and the sum of the two is the rotation period of the polarization. This can be realized by performing parallel signal processing by the number of points on each time axis obtained by dividing at the sampling timing.
- FIG. 8 is an example of a configuration diagram of a transmitter and a receiver that realize the wireless system of the present embodiment.
- the radio that performs polarization angle division diversity in FIG. 8 description of portions having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 already described is omitted.
- the difference from the transmitter of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the weighted digital information signal, which is the output of the first multiplier 7, is upsampled by a cascade connection circuit of an interpolator 41 and a digital filter 42.
- the frequency conversion function of the delta sigma circuit 44 can be used to lower the frequency of the digital clock circuit 43 from the frequency of the digital oscillator 8, so that the maximum operating frequency of the digital signal processing of the transmitter is lowered. This makes it possible to reduce the power consumption of the transmitter.
- an analog signal detected by the receiving antenna 20 is converted into a digital signal by a delta-sigma analog-digital conversion circuit 52 that is clocked by a digital clock circuit 51 having a frequency fc2. This is a point to be supplied to the digital signal processing device 15.
- the analog mixer 12 and the local transmitter 11 which are difficult to extend the life and to adjust the atonability due to the secular change and the temperature change, respectively, are suitable for extending the life and the atonity. Since it can be replaced with a circuit, it is effective in improving the device reliability of the transceiver applied to the wireless system of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an example of a configuration diagram of a transmitter and a receiver that realize the wireless system of the present embodiment.
- the radio that performs polarization angle division diversity in FIG. 9 description of portions having the same functions as those in FIG. 6 described above is omitted.
- 6 differs from the transmitter of the embodiment of FIG. 6 in that the weighted digital information signal, which is the output of the first multiplier 7, is upsampled by a subordinate connection circuit of an interpolator 41 and a digital filter 42.
- One is converted to a 1-bit digital signal by a delta-sigma modulator 62 clocked by a transmission digital clock circuit 61 having a frequency fs + fr / K, and then converted to an analog signal by a sample and hold circuit 65, and the other is frequency It is converted into a 1-bit digital signal by a delta-sigma modulator 64 clocked by an fs-fr / K transmission digital clock circuit 63, and then converted into an analog signal by a sample hold circuit 66, and both are added by a synthesizer 25.
- the frequency conversion function of the delta sigma circuits 62 and 64 can be used to lower the frequency of the digital clock circuits 61 and 63 from the frequency of the first digital oscillator 21 and the second digital oscillator 23.
- the maximum operating frequency of the digital signal processing of the transmitter can be lowered, which is effective in reducing the power consumption of the transmitter.
- FIG. 10 is an example of a configuration diagram of an elevator system to which the polarization angle division diversity radio of this embodiment is applied.
- the elevator cage 111 moves up and down in the building 101 where the elevator is installed.
- a base station radio 103 having a polarization angle division diversity function and a base station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna 102 are coupled and installed on the floor and ceiling of the building 101.
- the terminal station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna 112 is installed on the external ceiling and the external floor of the elevator 111, respectively, and is coupled to the terminal radio 113 using a high frequency cable 114.
- the base station radio 103 and the terminal station radio 113 use the inside of the building 101 as a radio transmission medium, electromagnetic waves are subjected to multiple reflections by the inner wall of the building 101 and the outer wall of the elevator, and a multi-wave interference environment is formed.
- FIG. 11 is an example of a configuration diagram of a substation equipment monitoring system to which the polarization angle division diversity radio according to the present embodiment is applied.
- a plurality of substations 201 and a terminal station radio 203 that performs polarization angle division diversity and a terminal station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna 202 are combined and installed in the substation 201.
- a plurality of base station apparatuses 211 smaller than the number of substations 201 are installed, and the base station apparatus 211 performs base station radio for performing polarization angle division diversity according to the present invention.
- the machine 213 and the base station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna 212 are connected and installed.
- the dimensions of the substation are on the order of several meters, which is overwhelmingly larger than the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the electromagnetic waves used by the radio device, from several hundred MHz to several GHz.
- a multi-wave interference environment is formed.
- the polarization angle division diversity enables high-quality wireless transmission even in a multi-wave interference environment. Therefore, control and monitoring of the substation 201 can be performed using wireless connection means using the wireless device.
- this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
- Each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit.
- Each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor.
- Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function can be stored in a recording device such as a memory, a hard disk, an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.
- the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.
- Base station radio 102: Base station 2 orthogonally polarized integrated antenna, 111 ... Lifting basket, 113 ... Terminal station radio, 112 ... Terminal station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna, 200 ... Substation equipment monitoring system, 201 ... Substation, 202 ... Terminal station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna, 203 ... Terminal station radio, 211 ... wireless base station, 212 ... base station 2 orthogonal polarization integrated antenna, 213 ... base station radio,
Abstract
Description
図1の無線機において情報生成回路1が生成する周波数帯域fIの信号をアナログデジタル変換器2によってデジタル信号とし図5aの時間波形を得る。同時間波形は、アップサンプラ3によってサンプリング周波数が引き上げられ、元デジタル信号の離散間隔の中に新たな信号点が形成され図5bの時間波形を得る。
また、制御線や情報線は説明上必要と考えられるものを示しており、製品上必ずしも全ての制御線や情報線を示しているとは限らない。実際には殆ど全ての構成が相互に接続されていると考えてもよい。
4…デジタルサンプルホールド回路、5…循環式信号複製器、6…記憶装置、
7…第一の乗算器、8…デジタル発信器、9…第二の乗算器、
10…送信アンテナ、11…局部発信器、
12…アナログミキサ、13…フィルタ、
14…アナログデジタル変換回路、15…デジタル信号処理デバイス、
20…受信アンテナ、
21…デジタル発信器、22…乗算器、23…デジタル発信器、
24…乗算器、25…合成器、26…90°遅延回路、
30…水平偏波送信アンテナ、31…垂直偏波送信アンテナ、
41…インターポレータ、42…デジタルフィルタ、43…送信デジタルクロック回路、44…デルタシグマ変調回路、45…サンプルホールド回路、
51…受信デジタルクロック回路、52…デルタシグマアナログデジタル変換回路、
61…送信デジタルクロック回路、62…デルタシグマ変調回路、
63…送信デジタルクロック回路、64…デルタシグマ変調回路、
65…サンプルホールド回路、66…サンプルホールド回路、
70…送信アンテナ、71…什器、72…電磁波散乱体、
75…送信機、
80…受信アンテナ、85…受信機、
91…送信波、92…受信波、93…経路、
95…送信波、96…受信波、97…経路、
100…昇降機システム、101…建物、103…基地局無線機、
102…基地局2直交偏波一体アンテナ、
111…昇降カゴ、113…端末局無線機、
112…端末局2直交偏波一体アンテナ、
200…変電設備監視システム、201…変電機、
202…端末局2直交偏波一体アンテナ、203…端末局無線機、
211…無線基地局、212…基地局2直交偏波一体アンテナ、213…基地局無線機、
Claims (15)
- 情報信号をサンプリングして、該サンプリングした情報信号を用いて搬送波に変調を施し送信する無線送信機と、前記無線送信機から送信された送信波を受信して前記情報信号を復調する無線受信機と、からなる無線通信システムにおいて、
前記無線送信機は、
送信波を生成する送信処理部と、前記送信波の偏波を所定の回転周波数で回転させて無線送信する送信部と、を有し、
前記送信処理部は、サンプリングした前記情報信号を複製し、複製した前記情報信号それぞれに対して所定の重み係数を掛け合わせ、前記複製した情報信号がそれぞれ異なる偏波角度で送信されるよう時間軸上に該情報信号を割り当てて送信波を生成する
ことを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記送信部が送信する送信波の偏波の回転周波数は、前記搬送波の周波数よりも低く、かつ、前記情報信号の最大周波数よりも高いことを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記送信処理部は、前記回転周波数の周期に対応させて送信波の時間軸を分割し、分割した時間軸上の各点に割当てられた情報信号に前記重み係数を掛け合わせるものであって、
前記重み係数は、前記回転周波数の半周期単位で繰り返すよう定められることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記送信処理部は、前記回転周波数の周期に対応させて送信波の時間軸を分割し、分割した時間軸上の各点に割当てられた情報信号に前記重み係数を掛け合わせるものであって、
前記重み係数は、前記回転周波数の前半周期に割当てられた情報信号に対する係数と、後半周期に割当てられた情報信号に対する係数とが、複素数の実部と虚部を表すよう定められ、
前記無線受信部は、掛け合わせられた複素数の重みを用いて情報信号を復調することを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記送信部は、互いに交差する方向に設置された少なくとも2つの送信アンテナからなり、
前記送信処理部は、互いの周波数の差がおよそ送信波の偏波の回転周波数である二つの搬送波に情報信号を重畳し、これら2つ搬送波を合成しておよそ偏波の回転周波数でビートを起こすビート信号を生成し、前記ビート信号を分岐し、分岐した前記ビート信号の位相差が互いに送信波の偏波の回転周期の四分の一になるような遅延させ、前記ビート信号をそれぞれ2つの送信アンテナに送ることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記送信処理部は、デルタシグマ変調器を有し、
前記デジタルシグマ変調器は、アップサンプリングされた情報信号を入力として当該情報信号の搬送波への重畳を行うことを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項6において、
前記デルタシグマ変調器はアンダーサンプリング型であることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記無線受信機は、所定の回転周波数で偏波が回転する送信波を受信する無線受信部と、受信した送信波を変調して情報信号を復調する受信処理部と、を有し、
前記受信処理部は、異なる偏波方向で受信した前記送信波に搬送波周波数を掛け合わせ、アナログデジタル変換を行い、前記回転周波数の周期に対応させて前記無線送信機が掛け合わせた前記重み係数を用いて前記情報信号を復調することを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項8において、
前記無線受信部は、互いに交差する方向に設置された少なくとも2つの受信アンテナからなり、
前記受信処理部は、一方の前記受信アンテナから受信した信号に第一の振幅係数を掛け、他方の前記受信アンテナから受信した信号に前記送信波の偏波の回転周期の四分の一に相当する遅延与えて第二の振幅係数を掛け、
前記第一及び第二の振幅係数を該偏波の回転周期を有する正弦関数と余弦関数、両者の和を該偏波の回転周期をサンプリングタイミングで分割して得られる各時間軸上の点の数だけ並列信号処理を行うことを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項8において、
前記受信処理部は、デルタシグマ変調器を用いて受信波のダウンコンバートとアナログデジタル変換を行うことを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 請求項10において、
前記デルタシグマ変調器がアンダーサンプリング型であることを特徴とする無線通信システム。 - 情報信号をサンプリングして、該サンプリングした情報信号を用いて搬送波に変調を施し送信する無線送信機において、
送信波を生成する送信処理部と、前記送信波の偏波を所定の回転周波数で回転させて無線送信する送信部と、を有し、
前記送信処理部は、サンプリングした前記情報信号を複製し、複製した前記情報信号それぞれに対して所定の重み係数を掛け合わせ、前記複製した情報信号がそれぞれ異なる偏波角度で送信されるよう時間軸上に該情報信号を割り当てて送信波を生成する
ことを特徴とする無線送信機。 - 無線送信機から送信された送信波を受信して情報信号を復調する無線受信機において、 所定の回転周波数で偏波が回転する送信波を受信する無線受信部と、受信した送信波を変調して情報信号を復調する受信処理部と、を有し、
前記受信処理部は、異なる偏波方向で受信した前記送信波に搬送波周波数を掛け合わせ、アナログデジタル変換を行い、前記回転周波数の周期に対応させて前記無線送信機が掛け合わせた前記重み係数を用いて前記情報信号を復調することを特徴とする無線受信機。 - 請求項1に記載の無線通信システムを適用した昇降機制御システム。
- 請求項1に記載の無線通信システムを適用した変電設備監視システム。
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JP2017017406A (ja) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 無線通信システム、および、それを用いた昇降機システム、変電設備監視システム |
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JPWO2016075785A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-09-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 無線通信システムおよびその利用システム |
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