WO2014126247A1 - ゴムクローラ及びゴムクローラの製造方法 - Google Patents
ゴムクローラ及びゴムクローラの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014126247A1 WO2014126247A1 PCT/JP2014/053670 JP2014053670W WO2014126247A1 WO 2014126247 A1 WO2014126247 A1 WO 2014126247A1 JP 2014053670 W JP2014053670 W JP 2014053670W WO 2014126247 A1 WO2014126247 A1 WO 2014126247A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- protrusion
- crawler
- metal member
- divided
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
- B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
- B62D55/18—Tracks
- B62D55/24—Tracks of continuously flexible type, e.g. rubber belts
- B62D55/244—Moulded in one piece, with either smooth surfaces or surfaces having projections, e.g. incorporating reinforcing elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/12—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D29/00—Producing belts or bands
- B29D29/08—Toothed driving belts
- B29D29/085—Double-toothed driving belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2029/00—Belts or bands
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber crawler and a method of manufacturing a rubber crawler.
- Some of the rubber crawlers are friction driven type that contact the outer peripheral surface of the driving wheel on the fuselage side and the inner peripheral surface of the rubber crawler, and transmit the driving force from the driving wheel to the rubber crawler by the frictional force acting between them.
- rubber protrusions for guiding wheels such as driving wheels, idle wheels, and rolling wheels are provided on the inner peripheral surface at regular intervals.
- These rubber protrusions have a protrusion length in the crawler circumferential direction, a protrusion width in the crawler width direction, and a protrusion height from the inner peripheral surface of the crawler from the viewpoint of suppressing wear due to contact with the wheel and preventing wheel from coming off. It tends to increase.
- the slowest point of vulcanization when the rubber crawler is vulcanized becomes the deep part of the rubber protrusions.
- the rubber protrusion is provided with a compounded layer in which metal fibers are mixed to increase the rigidity of the rubber protrusion.
- a compounded layer in which metal fibers are mixed to increase the rigidity of the rubber protrusion.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a friction drive type rubber crawler capable of shortening the vulcanization time and a method of manufacturing the rubber crawler while suppressing problems occurring in the rubber protrusion.
- the rubber crawler according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an endless rubber body wound around a plurality of wheels, and a plurality of rubber crawlers formed on the rubber body at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rubber body. And a rubber protrusion that restricts movement of the wheel in the rubber body width direction by contact, and is embedded in the rubber protrusion to increase the rigidity of the rubber protrusion in the rubber body width direction, and a part of the rubber protrusion And a metal member exposed from the rubber protrusion.
- the rubber crawler manufacturing method is a rubber crawler manufacturing method for manufacturing the rubber crawler according to the first aspect, and protrudes from the inner periphery of the endless rubber crawler and has a metal member embedded therein.
- a split rubber lump forming step for forming a divided rubber lump by dividing the unvulcanized bump rubber lump to be a rubber protrusion into a plurality of divided rubber lumps at a position where the metal member is embedded, and a split rubber lump forming surface.
- a vulcanization step for forming the rubber protrusions.
- the present invention can provide a rubber crawler and a method of manufacturing a rubber crawler that can shorten the vulcanization time while suppressing problems occurring in the rubber protrusion.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3X-3X in FIG. 2. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the rubber crawler of 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state by which the protruding rubber lump of 1st Embodiment was set in the mold.
- the endless rubber crawler 10 as an example of the rubber crawler according to the first embodiment is a so-called coreless-less type rubber crawler having no cored bar.
- the rubber crawler 10 is an idler that is rotatably attached to a drive wheel 100 connected to a drive shaft of a crawler vehicle as a machine body and a crawler vehicle (for example, a large agricultural machine or a paving machine). It is used by being wound around a ring 102.
- a plurality of rolling wheels 104 see FIGS.
- the driving wheel 100, the idler wheel 102, and the wheel 104 are examples of wheels according to the present invention.
- the circumferential direction of the endless rubber crawler 10 (direction of arrow W in FIG. 2) is referred to as “crawler circumferential direction”, and the width direction of rubber crawler 10 (in the direction of arrow W in FIG. 2) is referred to as “crawler width”.
- crawler circumferential direction and the crawler width direction are orthogonal to each other when the rubber crawler 10 is viewed from the inner circumferential side or the outer circumferential side (see FIG. 2). Further, in the present embodiment, the inner peripheral side (the arrow IN direction side in FIG.
- the crawler traveling device 90 (see FIG. 1) as a traveling unit of the crawler vehicle is configured by the driving wheel 100, the idler wheel 102, the rolling wheel 104, and the rubber crawler 10 wound around the driving wheel 100 and the idler wheel 102. Has been.
- the drive wheel 100 has a pair of disc-shaped wheel portions 100A connected to the drive shaft of the crawler wheel.
- the ring portion 100A rolls while the outer peripheral surface 100B comes into contact with a wheel rolling surface 16 of a rubber crawler 10 described later.
- the driving wheel 100 causes the rubber crawler 10 to circulate between the driving wheel 100 and the idler wheel 102 by applying a driving force from the crawler wheel to the rubber crawler 10 (details will be described later).
- the rubber crawler 10 has a rubber belt 12 in which a rubber material is formed in an endless belt shape.
- the rubber belt 12 of the present embodiment is an example of an endless rubber body of the present invention.
- the circumferential direction, the width direction, the inner circumferential side, and the outer circumferential side of the rubber belt 12 of the present embodiment coincide with the crawler circumferential direction, the crawler width direction, the crawler inner circumferential side, and the crawler outer circumferential side, respectively.
- a plurality of rubber protrusions 14 projecting toward the inner peripheral side of the crawler are formed on the inner periphery of the rubber belt 12 at intervals in the crawler peripheral direction.
- the rubber protrusion 14 is arranged at the center of the rubber belt 12 in the crawler width direction, and the wheel (rolling wheel 104 in FIG. 3) that rolls on a wheel rolling surface 16 described later is moved in the crawler width direction. It comes to abut and restricts. Specifically, the side surface of the wheel comes into contact with the width direction wall surface 14B of the rubber protrusion 14 in the crawler width direction. Further, the rubber protrusion 14 is formed of the same rubber material as the rubber belt 12 or a harder rubber material than the rubber belt 12.
- the protrusion height H0 of the rubber protrusion 14 is set to a value larger than the thickness T of the rubber belt 12 corresponding to the rubber protrusion 14. Note that the protrusion height H0 of the rubber protrusion 14 and the thickness T of the rubber belt 12 are both values measured along the crawler inside / outside direction.
- wheel rolling surfaces 16 extending along the crawler circumferential direction are formed on both sides in the crawler width direction across the rubber protrusion 14 of the rubber belt 12.
- it is set as the structure which makes the wheel rolling surface 16 and its outer part the same surface in the inner periphery of the rubber belt 12,
- This invention is not limited to this structure,
- the wheel rolling surface 16 is crawler. It is good also as a structure raised to the inner peripheral side.
- a plurality of lugs 18 that are in contact with the ground are formed on the outer periphery of the rubber belt 12. Furthermore, an endless belt-like belt layer 20 extending along the crawler circumferential direction is embedded in the rubber belt 12. Note that the belt layer 20 of the present embodiment is constituted by a plurality of belt plies.
- a metal member 32 in which a metal material (for example, iron, aluminum, etc.) excellent in thermal conductivity is formed in a rod shape is embedded in the rubber protrusion 14.
- the metal member 32 extends from the top surface 14A side of the rubber protrusion 14 to the root side. In this way, by embedding (extending) the metal member 32 in the crawler inward / outward direction, the rigidity (for example, bending rigidity) of the rubber protrusion 14 in the crawler circumferential direction and the crawler width direction can be increased. A part of the metal member 32 is exposed from the rubber protrusion 14.
- the metal member 32 is an example of the metal member of the present invention.
- the metal member 32 is arranged such that one end portion 32A in the extending direction is exposed from the top surface 14A, and the other end portion 32B in the extending direction is lower than half of the protruding height H0 of the rubber protrusion 14.
- One end 32 ⁇ / b> A of the metal member 32 protrudes from the top surface 14 ⁇ / b> A of the rubber protrusion 14.
- the protrusion amount H1 (see FIG. 3) from the top surface 14A of the one end portion 32A of the metal member 32 is preferably set within a range of 0 to 15 mm.
- the other end 32B of the metal member 32 has a protrusion height H0 / 2 ⁇ L ⁇ ((projection height H0 + rubber belt 12), where L is the distance from the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14 to the other end 32B. Thickness T) / 2) +10 mm.
- the outer circumference of the metal member 32 is curved in a cross section along a direction orthogonal to the extending direction (hereinafter, simply referred to as “orthogonal cross section”). That is, the metal member 32 of the present embodiment has a rod shape with a circular cross section, that is, a columnar shape. Note that the present invention may have any shape as long as the outer periphery of the metal member 32 is curved in the orthogonal cross section. For example, a polygonal shape in which the cross-sectional shape is elliptical and the corners are arcuate may be used.
- a plurality of metal members 32 are embedded in the rubber protrusions 14, and several of them (two in this embodiment) are crawler widths in the rubber protrusions 14. It is arranged at intervals in the direction.
- the metal member 32 is 1/4 and 3 of the top surface length SL. It is preferable that they are arranged at a position of / 4 and at a position of 1/4 and 3/4 of the top surface width WL (a total of four are arranged).
- the metal member 32 is disposed at the center of the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14 (the center in the crawler circumferential direction and the center in the crawler width direction). It is preferable to do.
- the number of the metal members 32 embedded in the rubber protrusion 14 is not particularly limited, and if the progressing speed of vulcanization of the rubber protrusion 14 and the rubber belt 12 to be described later is approximately the same speed, what the rubber protrusion 14 has This may be buried.
- the manufacturing method of the rubber crawler 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the rubber crawler 10 is manufactured by using a mold 48 described in detail in the second embodiment.
- the rubber belt 12 the rubber protrusions are formed by using the upper mold 50 in which the rubber protrusion concave portions 51 corresponding to the rubber protrusions 14 are formed and the lower mold 52 in which the lug concave portions 53 corresponding to the lugs 18 are formed. 14 and lugs 18 are integrally vulcanized.
- a positioning recess 51 ⁇ / b> B is formed at a position corresponding to the one end 32 ⁇ / b> A of the metal member 32 on the bottom surface 51 ⁇ / b> A constituting the rubber projection recess 51 of the upper mold 50.
- an unvulcanized rug rubber lump 18G to be the lug 18 is set in the lug recess 53 of the lower mold 52, and an unvulcanized rubber sheet 12G to be the outer peripheral portion of the rubber belt 12 is formed thereon.
- a plurality of unvulcanized belt plies 20G serving as a belt layer and an unvulcanized rubber sheet 12H serving as an inner peripheral portion of the rubber belt 12 are sequentially laminated.
- one end portion 32A of the metal member 32 is obtained by embedding a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) metal members 32 in the unvulcanized bump rubber mass 14G to be the rubber protrusions 14. Is set in the recess 51 for rubber projection of the upper mold 50. Thereafter, the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52 are closed, and vulcanization processing is performed at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. When the vulcanization process is completed, the rubber crawler 10 of this embodiment is completed.
- the effect of the rubber crawler 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the upper mold 50 is interposed via the metal member 32 during vulcanization molding. This heat can be transmitted to the deep part (deep part) of the rubber protrusion 14.
- the vulcanization speed of the rubber belt 12 and the rubber protrusion 14 can be made close to each other, so that high-temperature vulcanization is possible and the vulcanization time can be shortened.
- the size of the rubber protrusion 14 is large (for example, the protrusion height H0 of the rubber protrusion 14 is larger than the thickness T of the rubber belt 12). Therefore, the vulcanization time tends to be long, but the vulcanization time can be shortened by embedding the metal member 32 in the rubber protrusion 14 as described above.
- the rigidity (bending rigidity) of the rubber protrusion 14 in at least the crawler width direction is increased. Accordingly, even when the rubber protrusion 14 receives a thrust force from the wheels (the driving wheel 100, the idler wheel 102, and the wheel 104) during traveling (for example, during turning), the rubber protrusion 14 is difficult to bend. That is, the elastic deformation of the rubber protrusion 14 due to the thrust force from the wheel can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the wheels from colliding with the vicinity of the corners of the rubber protrusions 14 during traveling, and to suppress problems (such as missing rubber) that occur in the rubber protrusions 14.
- the rubber crawler 10 it is possible to shorten the vulcanization time while suppressing problems occurring in the rubber protrusion 14. In this way, the durability of the rubber crawler 10 is improved by suppressing the problems that occur in the rubber protrusions 14. Further, by shortening the vulcanization time, the amount of electricity used can be reduced, and the production cost of the rubber crawler can be reduced.
- the heat of the upper mold 50 can be transmitted to a deeper portion of the rubber protrusion 14. it can.
- the metal member 32 extends from the top surface 14A side to the root side of the rubber protrusion 14 and the other end portion 32B is disposed at a position lower than half of the protrusion height H0 of the rubber protrusion 14, the rubber protrusion The bending rigidity of 14 is further increased.
- the metal member 32 is attached to the upper mold 50 by fitting the one end portion 32A into the positioning recess 51B of the upper mold 50. Positioning can be performed (see FIG. 4B), and displacement of the metal member 32 due to rubber flow during vulcanization molding can be prevented.
- the outer periphery of the metal member 32 is curved in the orthogonal cross section, it is possible to suppress the strain from being concentrated on the outer periphery of the metal member 32.
- the metal members 32 that are adjacent to each other in the crawler width direction support each other via rubber therebetween.
- the rigidity of the rubber protrusion 14 in the rubber body width direction can be further improved.
- the position of the metal member 32 due to the rubber flow during vulcanization molding is configured by projecting the one end portion 32 ⁇ / b> A of the metal member 32 from the top surface 14 ⁇ / b> A of the rubber protrusion 14.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the end portion 32A of the metal member 32 and the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14 may be flush with each other. According to this configuration, the aesthetic appearance of the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14 can be improved.
- one end portion 32 ⁇ / b> A of the metal member 32 is exposed from the top surface 14 ⁇ / b> A of the rubber protrusion 14, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the one end portion 32 ⁇ / b> A side may be bent toward the circumferential wall surface in the crawler circumferential direction so that the one end portion 32 ⁇ / b> A is exposed from the circumferential wall surface of the rubber protrusion 14. Since the peripheral wall surface of the rubber protrusion 14 does not contact the wheel during normal traveling, the wheel does not directly contact the one end portion 32A of the metal member 32 even if the one end portion 32A is exposed from the peripheral wall surface.
- the substantially cylindrical metal member 32 is embedded in the rubber protrusion 14.
- the present invention is not limited to this structure, and the metal embedded in the rubber protrusion 14.
- the shape of the member 32 may be any shape, for example, a rectangular plate shape.
- the metal member 32 in a rectangular plate shape, the bending rigidity in the plate thickness direction of the metal member 32 in the rubber protrusion 14 can be improved.
- the metal member 32 is substantially cylindrical, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the metal member 32 may be substantially cylindrical. In this case, it is preferable that a rubber material constituting the rubber protrusion 14 is packed inside the substantially cylindrical metal member. By comprising in this way, the heat of a mold at the time of manufacture can be efficiently transmitted to the unvulcanized rubber material packed in the hollow part. Further, by forming the metal member 32 in a cylindrical shape, it is possible to secure a secondary moment of section without increasing the weight of the metal member 32, and it is possible to increase the rigidity of the rubber protrusion 14 in the crawler width direction. Moreover, the metal member 32 is good also as a shape which divided
- the rubber crawler 60 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the rubber crawler 10 of the first embodiment except for the configuration of the metal member 62 embedded in the rubber protrusion 14. For this reason, below, the structure of the metal member 62 is demonstrated.
- the metal member 62 extends from the top surface 14A side of the rubber protrusion 14 to the root side, and one end portion 62A in the extending direction protrudes from the top surface 14A.
- the metal member 62 is formed with a protruding portion 64 as a pull-out suppressing portion (so-called anchor portion) for suppressing the pull-out from the rubber protrusion 14 at a portion embedded in the rubber protrusion 14.
- the overhanging portion 64 has a substantially spherical shape and is formed at the other end portion 62 ⁇ / b> B in the extending direction of the metal member 62.
- a protruding portion 64 as a detachment suppressing portion for suppressing detachment from the rubber protrusion 14 is formed in a portion embedded in the rubber protrusion 14 of the metal member 62.
- the metal member 62 can be prevented from coming out of the rubber protrusion 14 that receives the thrust force from a plurality of wheels.
- projection part 64 is formed in the other end part of the extending direction of the metal member 62, it can suppress that distortion concentrates on the other end part (overhang
- each rubber crawler constituting member constituting the rubber crawler 60 is manufactured.
- the rubber crawler constituting member is an unvulcanized rubber sheet 12H that becomes the crawler inner peripheral side of the rubber belt 12 after vulcanization, an unvulcanized rubber sheet 12G that also becomes the crawler outer peripheral side of the rubber belt 12, It refers to an unvulcanized lug rubber lump 18G that becomes a lug 18 after vulcanization, an unvulcanized protruding rubber lump 14G that becomes a rubber protrusion 14 after vulcanization, an unvulcanized belt ply 20G that becomes a belt layer after vulcanization, and the like. (See FIG. 8A). Below, the manufacturing process of the protrusion rubber lump 14G will be described in detail.
- a plurality of divided rubber lumps 15G constituting the protruding rubber lumps 14G are manufactured.
- the divided rubber lump 15G is obtained by dividing the protruding rubber lump 14G into a plurality of portions (in this embodiment, divided into 2 in the crawler width direction) at the position where the metal member 62 is embedded. Note that the two divided rubber chunks 15G of the present embodiment have the same shape.
- a fitting recess 17G that substantially matches the half shape of the metal member 62 into which the metal member 62 is fitted is formed.
- the shape of the fitting recess 17G is a half of one side of the metal member 62 cut in half along the axial direction.
- the recessed portion 17G for fitting the divided rubber lump 15G is formed so that one end portion 62A of the metal member 62 protrudes from the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14.
- One end portion 62A of the metal member 62 preferably protrudes from the top surface 14A of the rubber protrusion 14 to the extent that it can be inserted into the positioning recess 51B of the upper mold 50, as will be described later.
- the amount of protrusion from the top surface 14A of the one end 62A is preferably set to 15 mm or less.
- the split rubber lump 15G is positioned such that the joint L (two-dot chain line in FIG. 8) L between the split surfaces 15GA of the split rubber lumps 15G adjacent to each other is located on the wall surface excluding the width direction wall surface 14B of the rubber protrusion 14.
- the “wall surface excluding the width direction wall surface 14B of the rubber protrusion 14” here refers to a circumferential wall surface 14C of the rubber protrusion 14 in the circumferential direction of the rubber crawler, a top surface 14A (wall surface to be the top) of the rubber protrusion 14; And the bottom surface 14D of the rubber projection 14 (the bottom wall surface).
- the bottom surface 14 ⁇ / b> D corresponds to the boundary between the rubber protrusion 14 and the rubber belt 12.
- the divided rubber lump 15G is filled with an unvulcanized rubber material in a divided rubber lump molding die (not shown) formed with a recess (not shown) having the same shape as the divided rubber lump 15G. It is manufactured by closing the mold and pressing the unvulcanized rubber material in the recess.
- the divided rubber lump 15G may be manufactured by injecting an unvulcanized rubber material at a high pressure from an extruder (not shown) into the recess of the divided rubber lump molding die.
- the split surface 15GA of the split rubber lump 15G is formed flat except for the fitting recess 17G.
- a bonding agent using a diene polymer may be applied to the divided surface 15GA of the divided rubber lump 15G to bond the divided surfaces 15GA of the plurality of divided rubber lumps 15G.
- the bonding agent when the bonding agent is applied to the divided surface 15GA, the bonding force of the bonding agent using the diene polymer increases in response to the heat during vulcanization, and the divided rubber lumps 15G adjacent to each other are strengthened. Be joined.
- other general rubber bonding agents other than using a diene polymer may be used as a bonding agent for bonding the divided surfaces 15GA of the divided rubber lumps 15G adjacent to each other.
- the top surface, the width direction wall surface, the circumferential wall surface, and the bottom surface of the protruding rubber lump 14G are the top surface 14A, the width direction wall surface 14B, the circumferential wall surface 14C, and the bottom surface 14D of the rubber protrusion 14 after vulcanization of the protruding rubber lump 14G. Become.
- each rubber crawler constituent member manufactured in the rubber crawler constituent member manufacturing step is vulcanized with a mold 48 as an example of a vulcanization mold (see FIG. 8A).
- the mold 48 includes an upper mold 50 and a lower mold 52.
- a recess 50A for molding the inner peripheral side of the rubber crawler 10 is formed on the mating surface of the upper mold 50.
- a rubber protrusion recess 51 having substantially the same shape as the rubber protrusion 14 for molding the rubber protrusion 14 is formed.
- a positioning recess 51 ⁇ / b> B into which one end 62 ⁇ / b> A of the metal member 62 is inserted is formed on the bottom surface 51 ⁇ / b> A of the rubber protrusion recess 51.
- a recess 52A for molding the outer peripheral side of the rubber crawler 10 is formed on the mating surface of the lower mold 52.
- a lug recess 53 having substantially the same shape as the lug 18 for molding the lug 18 is formed.
- an unvulcanized rug rubber lump 18G is disposed (fitted) in a lug recess 53 of the lower mold 52, and an unvulcanized rubber sheet 12G and an unvulcanized belt thereon.
- Each member is disposed (laminated) in the order of the ply 20G and the unvulcanized rubber sheet 12H.
- one end 62A of the metal member 62 is used for positioning the upper mold 50 while the unvulcanized protruding rubber mass 14G is disposed (fitted) in the positioning recess 51B.
- the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52 are closed by inserting into the recess 51B. Then, vulcanization is performed for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature in a state where a predetermined pressure is applied to the rubber crawler constituent member by the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52.
- the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52 are opened, and the rubber crawler constituting member is vulcanized to take out the end-shaped rubber crawler. Then, both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the end rubber crawler are overlapped, and the overlapped portions are connected and joined. Thereby, the endless rubber crawler 60 is manufactured.
- the rubber crawler constituent members are sequentially laminated on the lower mold 52.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52 are turned upside down. It is good also as a structure which laminates
- the effect of the manufacturing method of the rubber crawler of this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the rubber crawler manufacturing method in the divided rubber lump forming step, a plurality of divided rubber lumps 15G each having a fitting recess 17G into which the metal member 62 is fitted on the dividing surface 15GA are formed.
- the protruding rubber lump assembling step the protruding surface lump 14G is assembled by joining the divided surfaces 15GA of the plurality of divided rubber lumps 15G while fitting the metal member 62 into the fitting recesses 17G of the divided rubber lump 15G.
- the protruding rubber lump 14G is vulcanized to form the rubber protrusion 14 protruding from the inner periphery of the rubber crawler 60 and having the metal member 62 embedded therein.
- the protruding rubber lump 14G is assembled by joining the divided surfaces 15GA of the plurality of divided rubber lumps 15G while fitting the metal member 62 into the fitting recess 17G of the divided rubber lump 15G.
- the metal member 62 which has better thermal conductivity than the rubber material, can be disposed with high accuracy.
- the metal member 62 can be disposed at a desired position in the protruding rubber lump 14G, heat can be transmitted to the protruding rubber lump 14G substantially evenly during vulcanization, and the protruding rubber lump 14G can be added. It is possible to increase the vulcanization temperature by increasing the vulcanization temperature. That is, the vulcanization speed of the entire rubber crawler constituent member can be increased. Thereby, vulcanization time can be shortened. As a result, the amount of electricity used at the time of manufacturing the rubber crawler is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the rubber crawler 60 can be reduced.
- the divided rubber lumps 15G are formed so as to be positioned on the wall surface 14C, the top surface 14A, and the bottom surface 14D) .
- the joint L is not formed on the wall surface of the width direction wall surface 14B of the rubber protrusion 14.
- a divided rubber lump 15G is formed.
- one end portion 62A of the metal member 62 is inserted into the positioning recess 51B of the upper mold 50, and the protruding rubber lump 14G is vulcanized, so that the heat of the upper mold 50 can be obtained via the metal member 62 during vulcanization. It can be transmitted to the deep part (deep part) of the protruding rubber lump 14G. Thereby, since the progress speed of the vulcanization of the protruding rubber lump 14G can be increased, the vulcanization time can be effectively shortened.
- the size of the rubber protrusion 14 is large (for example, the protrusion height of the rubber protrusion 14 is larger than the thickness of the rubber belt 12). Therefore, the vulcanization time tends to be long, but the vulcanization time can be shortened by arranging the metal member 62 in the protruding rubber lump 14G as described above.
- the metal member 62 can be easily positioned on the upper mold 50, and further, the metal member 62 can be positioned by the rubber flow during vulcanization. Misalignment can be prevented.
- the overhanging portion 64 of the metal member 62 has a substantially spherical shape.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration. It may be a triangular pyramid shape or a substantially cylindrical shape.
- an overhanging portion 64 is formed in the portion embedded in the rubber protrusion 14 of the metal member 62 as a disengagement suppressing portion for suppressing the disengagement from the rubber protrusion 14.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and for example, the other end portion in the extending direction of the metal member 62 may be bent, and the bent portion may be used as a pull-out suppressing portion.
- the one end portion 62A of the metal member 62 protrudes from the top surface of the protruding rubber lump 14G.
- the present invention is limited to this configuration.
- the one end portion 62A of the metal member 62 may not protrude from the top surface of the protruding rubber lump 14G.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- An uneven portion may be further formed on the dividing surface 15GA of the divided rubber lump 15G.
- a convex portion may be formed on the divided surface 15GA of one divided rubber lump 15G, and a concave portion in which the convex portion fits may be formed on the divided surface 15GA of the other divided rubber lump 15G.
- the protruding rubber lump 14G can be easily and accurately assembled by fitting the convex portion of one divided rubber lump 15G into the concave portion of the other divided rubber lump 15G.
- the displacement along the split surface 15GA of the protruding rubber mass 14G is suppressed by the convex portion and the concave portion.
- the displacement along the dividing surface 15GA (the joint L) is suppressed, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of problems caused by the joint L.
- the protruding rubber lump 14 ⁇ / b> G is constituted by two divided rubber lumps 15 ⁇ / b> G.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and three or more The protruding rubber lump 14G may be formed of the divided rubber lump.
- the protruding rubber lump 14G is divided into two in the crawler width direction, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the rubber mass 14G may be divided into a plurality of crawler inner and outer directions.
- projection part 64 is formed in the other end part 62B of the metal member 62
- this invention is not limited to this structure
- the other end part of the metal member 62 is a rubber protrusion. Any shape can be used as long as it can be prevented from coming off.
- the metal member may be a cylindrical body having the same diameter from one end to the other end without providing the metal member with a portion for preventing the protrusion from the rubber protrusion.
- the metal member having better thermal conductivity than the rubber material is disposed in the protruding rubber mass, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- a member formed of a material that has better thermal conductivity than a rubber material may be disposed.
Abstract
Description
しかし、車輪からのスラスト力に対してゴム突起の剛性を高めることについては、さらなる改良の余地がある。
以下、本発明の第1実施形態に係るゴムクローラについて説明する。
第1実施形態に係るゴムクローラの一例としての無端状のゴムクローラ10は、芯金をもたない、いわゆる芯金レスタイプのゴムクローラである。
図1に示すように、ゴムクローラ10は、機体としてのクローラ車の駆動軸に連結された駆動輪100とクローラ車(例えば、大型農業用機械や舗装機など)に回転自在に取付けられた遊動輪102に巻き掛けられて用いられる。また、ゴムクローラ10の内周を、駆動輪100と遊動輪102の間に配置され且つクローラ車に回転自在に取り付けられた複数の転輪104(図1、図3参照)が転動するようになっている。なお、駆動輪100、遊動輪102、及び転輪104は、それぞれ本発明の車輪の一例である。
また、本実施形態では、駆動輪100及び遊動輪102に巻き掛けて環状となったゴムクローラ10の内周側(図3の矢印IN方向側)を「クローラ内周側」と記載し、上記ゴムクローラ10の外周側(図3の矢印OUT方向側)を「クローラ外周側」と記載する。なお、図3の矢印IN方向(環状の内側方向)、矢印OUT方向(環状の外側方向)は、巻き掛け状態のゴムクローラ10の内外方向を示している。
なお、本実施形態では、ゴムベルト12の内周において、車輪転動面16とその外側部分を面一とする構成としているが、本発明はこの構成に限定されず、車輪転動面16をクローラ内周側に盛り上げる構成としてもよい。
なお、ゴム突起14に対して金属部材32を1本のみ埋設する場合には、金属部材32は、ゴム突起14の頂面14Aの中央(クローラ周方向の中央かつクローラ幅方向の中央)に配置することが好ましい。
また、ゴム突起14に埋設する金属部材32の本数は、特に限定されず、後述するゴム突起14とゴムベルト12との加硫の進行速度が概ね同じ速度になるのであれば、ゴム突起14に何本埋設してもよい。
ゴムクローラ10の製造は、図4Aに示すように、詳細を第2実施形態で説明するモールド48を用いて行われる。具体的には、ゴム突起14に対応するゴム突起用凹部51の形成された上モールド50と、ラグ18に対応するラグ用凹部53の形成された下モールド52を用いて、ゴムベルト12、ゴム突起14、及び、ラグ18を一体的に加硫することにより行なわれる。上モールド50のゴム突起用凹部51を構成する底面51Aには、金属部材32の一端部32Aに対応する位置に位置決め用凹部51Bが形成されている。
ゴムクローラ10では、金属部材32をゴム突起14に埋設すると共に金属部材32の一部をゴム突起14から露出させていることから、加硫成型の際に、金属部材32を介して上モールド50の熱をゴム突起14の深部(深い部分)に伝達することができる。これにより、ゴムベルト12とゴム突起14との加硫の進行速度を近づけられるため、高温加硫が可能となり、加硫時間を短縮することができる。
特に、ゴムクローラ10のように大型農業機械や舗装機用のものは、ゴム突起14のサイズが大きい(例えば、ゴム突起14の突出高さH0がゴムベルト12の厚みTよりも大きい値になる)ため、加硫時間が長くなる傾向にあるが、上記のように金属部材32をゴム突起14に埋設することで、加硫時間を短縮することができる。
このようにゴム突起14に生じる不具合を抑制することで、ゴムクローラ10の耐久性が向上する。
また、加硫時間を短縮することで、電気使用量などが減少して、ゴムクローラの製造コストを低減させることができる。
次に、本発明に係る第2実施形態のゴムクローラについて図5及び図6を参照しながら説明する。なお、第1実施形態と同一構成には同一符号を付し、その説明は省略する。図5及び図6に示すように、本実施形態のゴムクローラ60は、ゴム突起14に埋設される金属部材62の構成以外は、第1実施形態のゴムクローラ10と同一の構成である。このため、以下では、金属部材62の構成について説明する。
ゴムクローラ60では、金属部材62のゴム突起14に埋設された部分に、該ゴム突起14からの抜け出しを抑制するための抜け抑制部としての張出部64を形成していることから、走行時に、複数の車輪からスラスト力を受けるゴム突起14から金属部材62が抜け出すのを抑制することができる。
また、金属部材62の延在方向の他端部に略球状の張出部64を形成していることから、他端部(張出部64)に歪が集中するのを抑制することができる。
またさらに、金属部材62の張り出し部分である張出部64(延在方向の他端部)がゴム突起14の深部に配置されることから、ゴム突起14の加硫が促進される。
ゴムクローラ60の製造には、まず、ゴムクローラ60を構成する各ゴムクローラ構成部材を製造する。なお、ここでいうゴムクローラ構成部材とは、加硫後にゴムベルト12のクローラ内周側となる未加硫のゴムシート12H、同じくゴムベルト12のクローラ外周側となる未加硫のゴムシート12G、加硫後にラグ18となる未加硫のラグゴム塊18G、加硫後にゴム突起14となる未加硫の突起ゴム塊14G、加硫後にベルト層となる未加硫のベルトプライ20Gなどを指している(図8A参照)。以下では、突起ゴム塊14Gの製造工程について詳細に説明する。
まず、図7に示すように、突起ゴム塊14Gを構成する複数の分割ゴム塊15Gを製造する。具体的には、分割ゴム塊15Gは、突起ゴム塊14Gを金属部材62が埋設される位置で複数に分割(本実施形態ではクローラ幅方向に2分割)したものである。なお、本実施形態の2つの分割ゴム塊15Gはともに同一形状となっている。
なお、ここでいう「ゴム突起14の幅方向壁面14Bを除いた壁面」とは、ゴム突起14のゴムクローラ周方向の周方向壁面14C、ゴム突起14の頂面14A(頂となる壁面)、及びゴム突起14の底面14D(底となる壁面)を指している。また、底面14Dは、ゴム突起14とゴムベルト12の境界にあたる。
なお、分割ゴム塊15Gは、分割ゴム塊成型用型の凹部に押出機(図示省略)から未加硫のゴム材を高圧で注入して製造してもよい。
なお、本実施形態では、分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GAは、嵌め込み用凹部17Gを除いて平坦状に形成されている。
次に、図7に示すように、分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GAの嵌め込み用凹部17Gに金属部材62を嵌め込みながら複数(本実施形態では2つ)の分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GAを接合して突起ゴム塊14Gを組み立てる。このようにして突起ゴム塊14Gが製造される。
なお、互いに隣り合う分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GA同士を接合する接合剤としては、ジエン系重合体を用いる以外のその他一般的なゴム接合剤を用いてもよい。
次に、上記ゴムクローラ構成部材製造工程において製造した各ゴムクローラ構成部材を加硫型の一例としてのモールド48で加硫する(図8A参照)。
図8Aに示すように、まず、未加硫のラグゴム塊18Gを下モールド52のラグ用凹部53に配設し(嵌め込み)、その上に、未加硫のゴムシート12G、未加硫のベルトプライ20G、未加硫のゴムシート12Hの順で各部材を配設する(積層)する。
次に、図8A、図8Bに示すように、未加硫の突起ゴム塊14Gを位置決め用凹部51B内に配設し(嵌め込み)つつ、金属部材62の一端部62Aを上モールド50の位置決め用凹部51Bに差し込み、上モールド50と下モールド52を閉じる。
そして、上モールド50と下モールド52でゴムクローラ構成部材に所定の圧力を加えた状態で、所定の温度で所定時間加硫する。
なお、本実施形態では、下モールド52に対してゴムクローラ構成部材を順次積層する構成としているが、本発明はこの構成に限定されず、上モールド50と下モールド52を上下逆さにして、上モールド50にゴムクローラ構成部材を順次積層する構成としてもよい。
上記ゴムクローラの製造方法では、分割ゴム塊形成工程において、分割面15GAに金属部材62が嵌め込まれる嵌め込み用凹部17Gが形成された複数の分割ゴム塊15Gが形成される。次に、突起ゴム塊組立工程において、分割ゴム塊15Gの嵌め込み用凹部17Gに金属部材62を嵌め込みながら、複数の分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GAが接合されて突起ゴム塊14Gが組み立てられる。そして、加硫工程において突起ゴム塊14Gが加硫されて、ゴムクローラ60の内周から突出すると共に金属部材62が埋設されたゴム突起14が形成される。
ここで、分割ゴム塊15Gの嵌め込み用凹部17Gに金属部材62を嵌め込みながら、複数の分割ゴム塊15Gの分割面15GAを接合して突起ゴム塊14Gが組み立てられることから、加硫後にゴム突起14となる未加硫の突起ゴム塊14G内にゴム材よりも熱伝導性に優れる金属部材62を高い精度で配設することができる。
このように、金属部材62を突起ゴム塊14G内の所望位置に配設することができるため、加硫時に突起ゴム塊14Gに略均等に熱を伝えることが可能となり、突起ゴム塊14Gの加硫温度を上昇させて加硫の進行速度を早めることができる。すなわち、ゴムクローラ構成部材全体の加硫の進行速度を早めることができる。これにより、加硫時間を短縮できるようになる。結果、ゴムクローラ製造時の電気使用量などが減少し、ゴムクローラ60の製造コストを低くすることができる。
この構成により、旋回時などに、駆動輪100や遊動輪102がゴム突起14の幅方向壁面14Bに当接しても、駆動輪100や遊動輪102が上記分割面15GAのつなぎ目Lに直に当接することがないため、上記分割面15GAのつなぎ目Lに起因する不具合(例えば、分割面15GAに沿った亀裂など)の発生を抑制することができる。
特に、本実施形態のゴムクローラ10のように大型農業機械や舗装機用のものは、ゴム突起14のサイズが大きい(例えば、ゴム突起14の突出高さがゴムベルト12の厚みよりも大きい値になる)ため、加硫時間が長くなる傾向にあるが、上記のように金属部材62を突起ゴム塊14G内に配設しておくことで、加硫時間を短縮することができる。
また、2つの分割ゴム塊15Gが同一形状となるように分割面15GAに凸部と凹部の両方を形成してもよい。このように構成した場合には、突起ゴム塊14Gを構成する部材の種類を減らすことができるため、製造コストを減らすことができる。
以上、実施形態を挙げて本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は一例であり、要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々変更して実施できる。また、本発明の権利範囲がこれらの実施形態に限定されないことは言うまでもない。
Claims (11)
- 複数の車輪に巻きかけられる無端状のゴム体と、
前記ゴム体に該ゴム体周方向に間隔をあけて複数形成され、前記ゴム体の内周側に突出し、前記車輪の前記ゴム体幅方向への移動を当接により制限するゴム突起と、
前記ゴム突起に埋設されて該ゴム突起の前記ゴム体幅方向の剛性を高めると共に、一部が前記ゴム突起から露出した金属部材と、
を有するゴムクローラ。 - 前記金属部材は、前記ゴム突起の頂面側から根元側へ延び、延在方向の一端部が前記ゴム突起の頂面から露出し、他端部が前記ゴム突起の突出高さの半分よりも低い位置にある請求項1に記載のゴムクローラ。
- 前記金属部材は、延在方向の一端部が前記ゴム突起の頂面から突出している請求項2に記載のゴムクローラ。
- 前記金属部材は、前記ゴム突起に埋設された部分に該ゴム突起からの抜け出しを抑制するための抜け抑制部が形成されている請求項2または請求項3に記載のゴムクローラ。
- 前記金属部材は、延在方向に対して直交する方向に沿った断面において、外周が曲線状とされている請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載のゴムクローラ。
- 前記金属部材は、前記ゴム突起に前記ゴム体幅方向に間隔をあけて複数埋設されている請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のゴムクローラ。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のゴムクローラを製造するためのゴムクローラの製造方法であって、
前記ゴム突起となる未加硫の突起ゴム塊を前記金属部材が埋設される位置で複数に分割した分割ゴム塊を形成する分割ゴム塊形成工程と、
前記分割ゴム塊の分割面に形成された前記金属部材の嵌め込み用凹部に前記金属部材を嵌め込みながら、複数の前記分割ゴム塊の分割面を接合して前記突起ゴム塊を組み立てる突起ゴム塊組立工程と、
前記突起ゴム塊を加硫して前記ゴム突起を形成する加硫工程と、
を有するゴムクローラの製造方法。 - 互いに隣り合う前記分割ゴム塊の分割面のつなぎ目が、前記ゴム突起の前記ゴムクローラ幅方向の壁面を除いた壁面に位置するように前記分割ゴム塊を形成する、請求項7に記載のゴムクローラの製造方法。
- 互いに隣り合う前記分割ゴム塊の分割面に互いに嵌り合う凹凸部を形成する、請求項7または請求項8に記載のゴムクローラの製造方法。
- 前記分割ゴム塊の分割面にジエン系重合体を用いた接合剤を塗布する、請求項7~9のいずれか1項に記載のゴムクローラの製造方法。
- 前記ゴム突起の頂面から前記金属部材の一部が突出するように前記分割ゴム塊の前記嵌め込み用凹部を形成し、
組み立て後の前記突起ゴム塊から突出する前記金属部材の一部を加硫型に形成された位置決め用凹部に差し込んで前記突起ゴム塊を加硫する、請求項7~10のいずれか1項に記載のゴムクローラの製造方法。
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US9878749B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
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