WO2014112210A1 - 発電システム - Google Patents
発電システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014112210A1 WO2014112210A1 PCT/JP2013/081813 JP2013081813W WO2014112210A1 WO 2014112210 A1 WO2014112210 A1 WO 2014112210A1 JP 2013081813 W JP2013081813 W JP 2013081813W WO 2014112210 A1 WO2014112210 A1 WO 2014112210A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel gas
- supply line
- exhaust
- combustor
- compressed air
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 275
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 coal Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/224—Heating fuel before feeding to the burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
- F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation system that combines a fuel cell, a gas turbine, and a steam turbine, and a method for starting a fuel cell in the power generation system.
- Solid oxide fuel cells Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: hereinafter referred to as SOFC
- SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- the operating temperature of this SOFC is increased in order to increase the ionic conductivity, compressed air discharged from the compressor of the gas turbine can be used as the air (oxidant) supplied to the air electrode side.
- the SOFC can use the exhausted high-temperature exhaust fuel gas as fuel for the combustor of the gas turbine.
- Patent Document 1 various types of power generation systems that can achieve high-efficiency power generation have been proposed in which SOFCs, gas turbines, and steam turbines are combined.
- the gas turbine includes a compressor that compresses air and supplies the compressed fuel to the SOFC, and a combustor that generates combustion gas from the exhaust fuel gas exhausted from the SOFC and the compressed air. I have it.
- the combustor generates combustion gas from the exhaust fuel gas exhausted from the SOFC and the fuel gas supplied separately.
- the exhaust fuel gas exhausted from the SOFC is about 400 ° C.
- the separately supplied fuel gas is at room temperature (for example, about 15 ° C.), so that a large temperature difference occurs between them.
- room temperature for example, about 15 ° C.
- a mixer may be provided in piping upstream of a combustor. By providing this mixer, the low-calorie exhaust gas and the high-calorie fuel gas can be mixed uniformly.
- the piping for supplying the exhaust fuel gas and the fuel gas to the mixer since there is a large temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas and the fuel gas, it is necessary to take measures against thermal expansion in the mixer and the surrounding piping, for example, the piping for supplying the exhaust fuel gas and the fuel gas to the mixer. .
- the present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a power generation system that can eliminate the need for countermeasures for thermal expansion of a mixer and surrounding piping even if there is a large temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas and the fuel gas.
- the purpose is to provide.
- a power generation system of the present invention includes a fuel cell, a gas turbine having a compressor and a combustor, and a first compressed air supply line for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the combustor.
- a second compressed air supply line for supplying compressed air from the compressor to the fuel cell, an exhaust air supply line for supplying exhaust air discharged from the fuel cell to the combustor, and a first fuel gas.
- a heating device for heating the first fuel gas supplied to the combustor through the first fuel gas supply line.
- the gas turbine combustor can efficiently combust the exhaust fuel gas and the first fuel gas at the same time, and generates an optimal combustion gas.
- the heating device is a heat exchanger.
- the heating device as a heat exchanger, heat can be used efficiently, and a separate combustor or the like is not required, and cost increases can be suppressed.
- the heat exchanger performs heat exchange between exhaust air flowing through the exhaust air supply line and first fuel gas flowing through the first fuel gas supply line. .
- the first fuel gas is heated by exchanging heat between the exhaust air and the first fuel gas, the first fuel gas can be heated efficiently, and the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust air is lowered.
- the exhaust air supply equipment can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the heat exchanger performs heat exchange between the exhaust fuel gas flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line and the first fuel gas flowing through the first fuel gas supply line. It is said.
- the first fuel gas is heated by exchanging heat between the exhaust fuel gas and the first fuel gas, the first fuel gas can be efficiently heated, and the temperature of the exhaust fuel gas is reduced. By doing so, the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas and the first fuel gas can be reduced as much as possible.
- the heating device includes a first heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the exhaust air flowing through the exhaust air supply line and the heat exchange medium, and heat that is heat-exchanged by the first heat exchanger. And a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exchange medium and the first fuel gas flowing through the first fuel gas supply line.
- the first fuel gas is heated by receiving heat from the heat exchange medium heated by the exhaust air, and heat exchange between the fuel gases can be prevented to ensure safety.
- the power generation system of the present invention is characterized in that a mixer for mixing the exhaust fuel gas flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line and the first fuel gas heated by the heating device is provided.
- the exhaust fuel gas and the heated first fuel gas are mixed in the mixer and then supplied to the combustor.
- the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas and the first fuel gas Proper mixing is possible, and combustion efficiency in the combustor can be improved.
- the heating device for heating the first fuel gas supplied to the combustor through the first fuel gas supply line is provided, the exhaust fuel gas and the first fuel gas can be burned efficiently. It is possible to generate optimal combustion gas, secure stable combustion in the gas turbine combustor, and improve power generation efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel gas supply line in a power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel gas supply line in the power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel gas supply line in a power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the power generation system of Example 1 is a triple combined cycle (registered trademark) that combines a solid oxide fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as SOFC), a gas turbine, and a steam turbine.
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- gas turbine gas turbine
- steam turbine a steam turbine.
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- GTCC gas turbine combined cycle power generation
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel gas supply line in a power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- the power generation system 10 includes a gas turbine 11 and a generator 12, a SOFC 13, a steam turbine 14 and a generator 15.
- the power generation system 10 is configured to obtain high power generation efficiency by combining power generation by the gas turbine 11, power generation by the SOFC 13, and power generation by the steam turbine 14.
- the gas turbine 11 includes a compressor 21, a combustor 22, and a turbine 23, and the compressor 21 and the turbine 23 are coupled to each other by a rotary shaft 24 so as to be integrally rotatable.
- the compressor 21 compresses the air A taken in from the air intake line 25.
- the combustor 22 mixes and combusts the compressed air A ⁇ b> 1 supplied from the compressor 21 through the first compressed air supply line 26 and the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 supplied from the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- the turbine 23 is rotated by the combustion gas G ⁇ b> 1 supplied from the combustor 22 through the exhaust gas supply line 28.
- the turbine 23 is supplied with compressed air A1 compressed by the compressor 21 through the passenger compartment, and cools the blades and the like using the compressed air A1 as cooling air.
- the generator 12 is provided on the same axis as the turbine 23 and can generate electric power when the turbine 23 rotates.
- liquefied natural gas LNG is used as the fuel gas L1 supplied to the combustor 22.
- the SOFC 13 generates power by reacting at a predetermined operating temperature by being supplied with high-temperature fuel gas as a reducing agent and high-temperature air (oxidizing gas) as an oxidant.
- the SOFC 13 is configured by accommodating an air electrode, a solid electrolyte, and a fuel electrode in a pressure vessel. A part of the compressed air A2 compressed by the compressor 21 is supplied to the air electrode, and the fuel gas L2 is supplied to the fuel electrode to generate power.
- the fuel gas L2 supplied to the SOFC 13 for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon gas such as methane (CH 4 ), carbon such as coal, etc. Gas produced by gasification equipment for quality raw materials is used.
- the oxidizing gas supplied to the SOFC 13 is a gas containing approximately 15% to 30% oxygen, and typically air is preferable. However, in addition to air, a mixed gas of combustion exhaust gas and air, oxygen And the like can be used (hereinafter, the oxidizing gas supplied to the SOFC 13 is referred to as air).
- the SOFC 13 is connected to the second compressed air supply line 31 branched from the first compressed air supply line 26, and can supply a part of the compressed air A2 compressed by the compressor 21 to the introduction portion of the air electrode.
- a control valve 32 capable of adjusting the amount of air to be supplied and a blower (a booster) 33 capable of increasing the pressure of the compressed air A2 are provided along the flow direction of the compressed air A2.
- the control valve 32 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction of the compressed air A ⁇ b> 2 in the second compressed air supply line 31, and the blower 33 is provided on the downstream side of the control valve 32.
- the SOFC 13 is connected to an exhaust air line 34 that exhausts compressed air A3 (exhaust air) used at the air electrode.
- the exhaust air line 34 is branched into a discharge line 35 that discharges compressed air A3 used in the air electrode to the outside, and a compressed air circulation line 36 that is connected to the combustor 22.
- the discharge line 35 is provided with a control valve 37 capable of adjusting the amount of air discharged
- the compressed air circulation line 36 is provided with a control valve 38 capable of adjusting the amount of air circulated.
- the SOFC 13 is provided with a second fuel gas supply line 41 for supplying the fuel gas L2 to the introduction portion of the fuel electrode.
- the second fuel gas supply line 41 is provided with a control valve 42 that can adjust the amount of fuel gas to be supplied.
- the SOFC 13 is connected to an exhaust fuel line 43 that exhausts the exhaust fuel gas L3 used at the fuel electrode.
- the exhaust fuel line 43 is branched into an exhaust line 44 that discharges to the outside and an exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 that is connected to the combustor 22.
- the discharge line 44 is provided with a control valve 46 capable of adjusting the amount of fuel gas to be discharged, and the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 is capable of boosting the exhaust fuel gas L3 and a control valve 47 capable of adjusting the amount of fuel gas to be supplied.
- a blower 48 is provided along the flow direction of the exhaust fuel gas L3.
- the control valve 47 is provided on the upstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust fuel gas L 3 in the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45, and the blower 48 is provided on the downstream side of the control valve 47.
- the SOFC 13 is provided with a fuel gas recirculation line 49 that connects the exhaust fuel line 43 and the second fuel gas supply line 41.
- the fuel gas recirculation line 49 is provided with a recirculation blower 50 that recirculates the exhaust fuel gas L3 of the exhaust fuel line 43 to the second fuel gas supply line 41.
- the steam turbine 14 rotates the turbine 52 with the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler (HRSG) 51.
- the steam turbine 14 (turbine 52) is provided with a steam supply line 54 and a water supply line 55 between the exhaust heat recovery boiler 51.
- the water supply line 55 is provided with a condenser 56 and a water supply pump 57.
- the exhaust heat recovery boiler 51 is connected to an exhaust gas line 53 from the gas turbine 11 (the turbine 23), and heats between the high temperature exhaust gas G ⁇ b> 2 supplied from the exhaust gas line 53 and the water supplied from the water supply line 55. Steam S is produced
- the generator 15 is provided coaxially with the turbine 52 and can generate electric power when the turbine 52 rotates.
- the exhaust gas G2 from which heat has been recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 51 is released to the atmosphere after removing harmful substances.
- the operation of the power generation system 10 of the first embodiment will be described.
- the electric power generation system 10 starts in order of the gas turbine 11, the steam turbine 14, and SOFC13.
- the compressor 21 compresses the air A
- the combustor 22 mixes and combusts the compressed air A1 and the fuel gas L1
- the turbine 23 rotates by the combustion gas G1, thereby generating power.
- the machine 12 starts power generation.
- the turbine 52 is rotated by the steam S generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 51, whereby the generator 15 starts power generation.
- the compressed air A2 is supplied from the compressor 21 to start pressurization of the SOFC 13 and to start heating.
- the control valve 37 of the discharge line 35 and the control valve 38 of the compressed air circulation line 36 closed and the blower 33 of the second compressed air supply line 31 stopped the control valve 32 is opened by a predetermined opening.
- a part of the compressed air A2 compressed by the compressor 21 is supplied from the second compressed air supply line 31 to the SOFC 13 side.
- the pressure on the air electrode side of the SOFC 13 rises when the compressed air A2 is supplied.
- the fuel gas L2 is supplied and pressurization is started.
- the control valve 46 of the exhaust line 44 and the control valve 47 of the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 closed and the blower 48 stopped, the control valve 42 of the second fuel gas supply line 41 is opened and the fuel gas is recirculated.
- the recirculation blower 50 of the line 49 is driven.
- the fuel gas L 2 is supplied from the second fuel gas supply line 41 to the SOFC 13, and the exhaust fuel gas L 3 is recirculated by the fuel gas recirculation line 49.
- the pressure on the fuel electrode side of the SOFC 13 is increased by supplying the fuel gas L2.
- the control valve 32 When the pressure on the air electrode side of the SOFC 13 becomes the outlet pressure of the compressor 21, the control valve 32 is fully opened and the blower 33 is driven. At the same time, the control valve 37 is opened and the compressed air A3 from the SOFC 13 is discharged from the discharge line 35. Then, the compressed air A2 is supplied to the SOFC 13 side by the blower 33. At the same time, the control valve 46 is opened, and the exhaust fuel gas L3 from the SOFC 13 is discharged from the discharge line 44. When the pressure on the air electrode side and the pressure on the fuel electrode side in the SOFC 13 reach the target pressure, pressurization of the SOFC 13 is completed.
- the control valve 37 is closed and the control valve 38 is opened.
- compressed air A3 from the SOFC 13 is supplied from the compressed air circulation line 36 to the combustor 22.
- the control valve 46 is closed, while the control valve 47 is opened to drive the blower 48.
- the exhaust fuel gas L3 from the SOFC 13 is supplied from the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 to the combustor 22.
- the fuel gas L1 supplied from the first fuel gas supply line 27 to the combustor 22 is reduced.
- the power generation by the generator 12 by driving the gas turbine 11, the power generation by the SOFC 13, and the power generation by the generator 15 are all performed by driving the steam turbine 14, and the power generation system 10 becomes a steady operation.
- the combustor 22 burns a mixed gas of the exhaust fuel gas L 3 discharged from the SOFC 13 and the separately supplied fuel gas L 1, generates combustion gas, and sends it to the turbine 23.
- the exhaust fuel gas L3 discharged from the SOFC 13 is about 400 ° C.
- the fuel gas L1 is at room temperature (eg, about 15 ° C.), so there is a large temperature difference between the two. Therefore, it becomes difficult to sufficiently mix the high temperature exhaust fuel gas L3 and the low temperature fuel gas L1 in the combustor 22.
- heat exchange is performed as a heating device that heats the fuel gas (first fuel gas) L1 supplied to the combustor 22 through the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- a container 61 is provided.
- the heat exchanger 61 performs heat exchange between the exhaust air A3 flowing through the exhaust air supply line 36 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- the compressed air A 1 compressed by the compressor 21 is supplied from the first air supply line 26, and the compressed air A 3 exhausted from the SOFC 13 exchanges heat from the compressed air circulation line 36. It is supplied via the device 61. Since this compressed air A3 becomes a high temperature of about 600 ° C., the heat exchanger 61 exchanges heat between the high-temperature compressed air A3 and the normal temperature fuel gas L1, and supplies the heated fuel gas L1 to the combustor 22. Supply.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the compressed air A3 to reach a temperature close to the exhaust fuel gas L3, and the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 are appropriately mixed by the combustor 22. Further, the temperature of the compressed air A3 is lowered by heating the fuel gas L1, and the compressed air A1 and the compressed air A3 are appropriately mixed by the combustor 22. As a result, the combustor 22 can efficiently mix and burn the fuel gas L1, the exhaust fuel gas L3, the compressed air A1, and the compressed air A3.
- the gas turbine 11 including the compressor 21 and the combustor 22, the SOFC 13, and the first compression that supplies the compressed air A ⁇ b> 1 compressed by the compressor 21 to the combustor 22.
- the exhaust gas supply line 45 supplied to the combustor 22 and the fuel gas L1 supplied to the combustor 22 through the first fuel gas supply line 27 are heated. It is provided a heat exchanger 61 as a heat device.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the heat exchanger 61 when passing through the first fuel gas supply line 27, the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the fuel gas L1 decreases, and the periphery of the combustor 22 This eliminates the need for measures against heat expansion in the piping. Further, since the combustor 22 is supplied with the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 whose temperatures are close to each other, the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 can be mixed and combusted to generate the combustion gas G1. Stable combustion can be ensured.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the heat exchanger 61, so that the heat is used efficiently, and a separate combustor or the like is not required, and the cost increase can be suppressed.
- the heat exchanger 61 performs heat exchange between the compressed air A3 flowing through the exhaust air supply line 36 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27. Therefore, the fuel gas L1 is heated by the compressed air A3, and the fuel gas 11 can be efficiently heated. Further, the temperature of the high-temperature compressed air A3 can be lowered, and it is not necessary to use a special material for the supply equipment such as the piping used for the exhaust air supply line 36, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the manufacturing cost. Can be reduced. Furthermore, the fuel temperature at the inlet portion in the combustor 22 is increased, so that the combustion efficiency can be improved and the performance of the gas turbine 11 can be improved.
- the heat exchanger 61 is described as performing heat exchange between the compressed air A3 and the fuel gas L1, but the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 are described.
- the structure which performs heat exchange between these may be sufficient.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a fuel gas supply line in the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- symbol is attached
- a heat exchanger 61 is provided as a device.
- the heat exchanger 61 performs heat exchange between the compressed air A3 flowing through the exhaust air supply line 36 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- a mixer 62 is provided for mixing the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 and the fuel gas L1 heated by the heat exchanger 61.
- the compressed air A 1 compressed by the compressor 21 is supplied from the first air supply line 26, and the compressed air A 3 exhausted from the SOFC 13 exchanges heat from the compressed air circulation line 36. It is supplied via the device 61. Since this compressed air A3 becomes a high temperature of about 600 ° C., the heat exchanger 61 exchanges heat between the high-temperature compressed air A3 and the fuel gas L1 at normal temperature and supplies the heated fuel gas L1 to the mixer 62. Supply. The mixer 62 mixes the heated fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 from the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45, and then supplies the mixed fuel gas from the mixed fuel gas supply line 63 to the combustor 22.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the compressed air A3 to be close to the exhaust fuel gas L3, and the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 are appropriately mixed by the mixer 62 and then supplied to the combustor 22. Is done. Further, the temperature of the compressed air A3 is lowered by heating the fuel gas L1, and the compressed air A1 and the compressed air A3 are appropriately mixed by the combustor 22. As a result, the combustor 22 can efficiently mix and burn the fuel gas L1, the exhaust fuel gas L3, the compressed air A1, and the compressed air A3.
- the heat exchanger 61 is provided as a heating device for heating the fuel gas L1 supplied to the combustor 22 through the first fuel gas supply line 27, and the exhaust fuel gas supply line.
- a mixer 62 for mixing the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing through 45 and the fuel gas L1 heated by the heat exchanger 61 is provided.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the heat exchanger 61 when passing through the first fuel gas supply line 27, the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the first fuel gas L1 is reduced, and the temperature is increased.
- the approximate fuel gas L 1 and exhaust fuel gas L 3 are supplied to the mixer 62.
- the countermeasure against the heat elongation of the mixer 62 and the countermeasure against the heat elongation of the piping around the mixer 62 become unnecessary.
- the mixer 62 the heated fuel gas L1 and the high-temperature exhaust fuel gas L3 are mixed and then supplied to the combustor 22, and the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the fuel gas L1 is reduced. Can be mixed properly.
- the mixed fuel gas of the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 can be burned to generate the combustion gas G1, and stable combustion in the combustor 22 can be ensured to improve the combustion efficiency.
- the temperature of the high-temperature compressed air A3 can be lowered, and there is no need to use a special material for the supply equipment such as piping used in the exhaust air supply line, thus simplifying the structure and reducing manufacturing costs. can do.
- the fuel temperature at the inlet portion in the combustor 22 is increased, so that the combustion efficiency can be improved and the performance of the gas turbine 11 can be improved.
- the heat exchanger 61 is described as performing heat exchange between the compressed air A3 and the fuel gas L1, but the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 are described.
- the structure which performs heat exchange between these may be sufficient.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fuel gas supply line in a power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- symbol is attached
- an exhaust air supply line is used as a heating device that heats the fuel gas (first fuel gas) L ⁇ b> 1 supplied to the combustor 22 through the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the compressed air A ⁇ b> 3 flowing through 36 and the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27 is provided.
- the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger 72 that exchanges heat between the compressed air A3 flowing through the exhaust air supply line 36 and the steam (heat exchange medium) flowing through the steam transport line 71, and the first heat exchanger.
- a second heat exchanger 73 that performs heat exchange between the steam heat-exchanged at 72 and the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27.
- generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 51 for example as the vapor
- the combustor 22 is supplied with compressed air A1 compressed by the compressor 21 from the first air supply line 26.
- the compressed air A3 exhausted from the SOFC 13 has a high temperature of about 600 ° C., and is supplied from the compressed air circulation line 36 to the heat exchanger 72.
- the exhaust fuel gas L3 exhausted from the SOFC 13 is about 400 ° C., and is supplied from the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 to the combustor 22.
- the first heat exchanger 72 heats the steam by exchanging heat between the compressed air A3 flowing through the exhaust air supply line 36 and the steam flowing through the steam transport line 71.
- the second heat exchanger 73 heats the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 by performing heat exchange between the heated steam and the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27. Then, the compressed air A ⁇ b> 3 whose temperature has been reduced by heating is supplied to the combustor 22, and the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 whose temperature has been increased by heating is supplied to the combustor 22.
- the temperature of the fuel gas L1 rises by being heated by the compressed air A3 via the steam. Therefore, the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 are approximated in temperature and are appropriately mixed in the combustor 22. As a result, the combustor 22 can efficiently mix and burn the fuel gas L1, the exhaust fuel gas L3, the compressed air A1, and the compressed air A3.
- the first heat for exchanging heat between the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 and the fuel gas L1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27 is obtained.
- An exchanger 72 and a second heat exchanger 73 are provided.
- the fuel gas L1 is heated by the second heat exchanger 73 when passing through the first fuel gas supply line 27, the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the first fuel gas L1 is reduced. It is not necessary to take measures against thermal expansion of the piping around the combustor 22. Further, since the combustor 22 is supplied with the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 whose temperatures are approximated, the fuel gas L1 and the exhaust fuel gas L3 can be efficiently combusted simultaneously to generate the combustion gas G1, and the combustor 22 It is possible to ensure stable combustion at.
- the fuel gas L1 can be efficiently heated, and the temperature difference between the exhaust fuel gas L3 and the fuel gas L1 can be reduced as much as possible.
- the temperature of the compressed air A3 is lowered by heat exchange, it is not necessary to use a special material for the supply equipment such as piping used for the exhaust air supply line 36, simplifying the structure and reducing the manufacturing cost. can do.
- the fuel temperature at the inlet portion in the combustor 22 is increased, so that the combustion efficiency can be improved and the performance of the gas turbine 11 can be improved.
- the first heat exchanger 72 that performs heat exchange between the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing in the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 and the steam, and the steam that exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 72
- a second heat exchanger 73 that performs heat exchange with the fuel gas L ⁇ b> 1 flowing through the first fuel gas supply line 27 is provided. Therefore, the fuel gas L1 is heated by receiving heat from the steam heated by the exhaust fuel gas L3, and heat exchange between the fuel gases L1 and L3 can be prevented to ensure safety.
- the heat exchanger 72 is described as performing heat exchange between the compressed air A3 and the steam. However, heat is exchanged between the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 and the steam. It may be configured to perform exchange.
- a mixer for mixing the exhaust fuel gas L3 flowing through the exhaust fuel gas supply line 45 and the fuel gas L1 heated by the heat exchanger 61 may be provided. .
- the heating device of the present invention is a heat exchanger, but a heating device such as a combustor may be used.
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Abstract
Description
11 ガスタービン
12 発電機
13 固体酸化物形燃料電池(SOFC)
14 蒸気タービン
15 発電機
21 圧縮機
22 燃焼器
23 タービン
26 第1圧縮空気供給ライン
27 第1燃料ガス供給ライン
31 第2圧縮空気供給ライン
32 制御弁(開閉弁)
33 ブロワ
34 排空気ライン
36 圧縮空気循環ライン(排空気供給ライン)
41 第2燃料ガス供給ライン
42 制御弁
43 排燃料ライン
45 排燃料ガス供給ライン
49 燃料ガス再循環ライン
61 熱交換器(加熱装置)
62 混合器
63 混合燃料ガス供給ライン
71 蒸気輸送ライン
72 第1熱交換器(加熱装置)
73 第2熱交換器(加熱装置)
Claims (6)
- 燃料電池と、
圧縮機と燃焼器を有するガスタービンと、
前記圧縮機から前記燃焼器に圧縮空気を供給する第1圧縮空気供給ラインと、
前記圧縮機から前記燃料電池に圧縮空気を供給する第2圧縮空気供給ラインと、
前記燃料電池から排出される排空気を前記燃焼器に供給する排空気供給ラインと、
第1の燃料ガスを前記燃焼器に供給する第1燃料ガス供給ラインと、
第2の燃料ガスを前記燃料電池に供給する第2燃料ガス供給ラインと、
前記燃料電池から排出される排燃料ガスを前記燃焼器に供給する排燃料ガス供給ラインと、
前記第1燃料ガス供給ラインを通して前記燃焼器に供給する第1の燃料ガスを加熱する加熱装置と、
を有することを特徴とする発電システム。 - 前記加熱装置は、熱交換器であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記排空気供給ラインを流れる排空気と前記第1燃料ガス供給ラインを流れる第1の燃料ガスとの間で熱交換を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発電システム。
- 前記熱交換器は、前記排燃料ガス供給ラインを流れる排燃料ガスと前記第1燃料ガス供給ラインを流れる第1の燃料ガスとの間で熱交換を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発電システム。
- 前記加熱装置は、排空気供給ラインを流れる排空気と熱交換媒体との間で熱交換を行う第1熱交換器と、前記第1熱交換器で熱交換した熱交換媒体と前記第1燃料ガス供給ラインを流れる第1の燃料ガスとの間で熱交換を行う第2熱交換器とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記排燃料ガス供給ラインを流れる排燃料ガスと前記加熱装置により加熱された第1の燃料ガスを混合する混合器が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一つに記載の発電システム。
Priority Applications (4)
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US14/439,361 US20150300262A1 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-11-26 | Power generation system |
KR1020157011254A KR101678325B1 (ko) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-11-26 | 발전 시스템 |
CN201380056891.6A CN104755724A (zh) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-11-26 | 发电系统 |
DE112013006467.7T DE112013006467T5 (de) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-11-26 | Energieerzeugungssystem |
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JP2013-008707 | 2013-01-21 | ||
JP2013008707A JP2014139424A (ja) | 2013-01-21 | 2013-01-21 | 発電システム |
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WO2014112210A1 true WO2014112210A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
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US (1) | US20150300262A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2014139424A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101678325B1 (ja) |
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JP6099408B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-18 | 2017-03-22 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 発電システム、及び発電システムの運転方法 |
JP6777441B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2020-10-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 発電システム |
DE102017221989A1 (de) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-06 | Audi Ag | Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung |
CN113482736B (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-04-22 | 山东大学 | 一种低能耗捕集二氧化碳的多联供系统和方法 |
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- 2013-11-26 US US14/439,361 patent/US20150300262A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-11-26 CN CN201380056891.6A patent/CN104755724A/zh active Pending
- 2013-11-26 KR KR1020157011254A patent/KR101678325B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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US20150300262A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
KR20150066553A (ko) | 2015-06-16 |
CN104755724A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
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