WO2014097974A1 - 液化ガス用輸送容器 - Google Patents
液化ガス用輸送容器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014097974A1 WO2014097974A1 PCT/JP2013/083418 JP2013083418W WO2014097974A1 WO 2014097974 A1 WO2014097974 A1 WO 2014097974A1 JP 2013083418 W JP2013083418 W JP 2013083418W WO 2014097974 A1 WO2014097974 A1 WO 2014097974A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquefied gas
- tank
- manhole
- inner tank
- transport container
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0329—Foam
- F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
- F17C2203/0379—Inert
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
- F17C2205/0119—Vessel walls form part of another structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0311—Closure means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0379—Manholes or access openings for human beings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0135—Pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
- F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transport container for liquefied gas, and more particularly to a transport container for liquefied gas used when transporting liquefied gas by sea.
- a liquefied gas tank provided in a liquefied gas carrier ship that stores LNG (liquefied natural gas) and transports it by sea
- a so-called cargo tank is a tank having a horizontally long cylindrical body and its both ends closed by a substantially hemispherical lid.
- Some have a main body and a tank dome provided on the upper portion of the tank main body.
- a plurality of pipes and the like for supplying and discharging liquefied gas are attached to the tank body, and the upper opening is closed by a substantially hemispherical lid.
- a heat insulating material is provided on the outer surface of the liquefied gas tank so that the heat of the outside air does not enter the liquefied gas tank.
- a tank cover formed by a part of the hull is also arranged with a gap from the heat insulating material, and the tank dome protrudes from the tank cover.
- the tank dome is displaced with respect to the tank cover due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the tank body, and therefore, an expansion rubber portion that absorbs this displacement is provided between the tank dome and the tank cover.
- An object of this invention is to provide the transport container for liquefied gas provided in the liquefied gas carrier ship which accommodates liquefied gas whose boiling point is lower than the condensation temperature of air.
- the transport container for liquefied gas in one embodiment of the present invention is a transport container for liquefied gas that contains a liquefied gas having a boiling point lower than the condensation temperature of air and is installed in a liquefied gas carrier, and contains the liquefied gas.
- the inner shell and the outer tank have a double shell structure. It is possible to provide a liquefied gas transport container having a vacuum insulating region and a manhole for a submerged pump.
- sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the transport container for liquefied gas in embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the manhole part of the transport container for liquefied gas shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the manhole part of the transport container for liquefied gas shown in FIG.
- the transport container for liquefied gas in the embodiment described below is taken as an example of a transport container for liquefied gas installed in a liquefied gas transport ship on a domestic route that transports liquefied gas transported from a foreign country to a port in Japan.
- the transport container for the liquefied gas is not intended to be limited to this.
- the transport container for liquefied gas installed in the liquefied gas carrier ship suppresses heat input to the LNG from outside by winding a heat insulating material around the outer surface of a single shell tank containing LNG. Yes.
- the tank for liquefied gas carriers it is obliged to install the liquefied gas outlet from the tank above the deck, and the outlet cannot be provided at the bottom of the tank, for example. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pump (submerged pump) at the bottom of the tank for pushing up and taking out the liquefied gas from the tank during cargo handling.
- this submerged pump is obliged to maintain and inspect the pump at regular intervals by law. For this reason, a manhole for workers to enter and exit the tank is installed above the tank.
- the heat insulating material that blocks heat input to the tank is made of, for example, urethane or phenol foam containing an air layer. Furthermore, this heat insulating material is cooled with liquid nitrogen.
- the liquefied gas to be transported is liquefied hydrogen (liquefaction temperature: ⁇ 250 ° C.)
- the boiling point of liquefied hydrogen is lower than the condensation temperature of air, so when the above-described heat insulating material is used, it is included in the heat insulating material. Air changes from liquid to solid. For this reason, the heat insulating effect is completely lost in the heat insulating material containing air.
- the transport container is a double-shell container including an inner tank and an outer tank, and the gap between the containers is a vacuum.
- a liquefied gas transport container installed in a liquefied gas carrier ship having such a vacuum heat insulating structure and further including a submerged pump and a manhole therefor does not yet exist. Therefore, the transport container for liquefied gas in the present embodiment is a transport container having such specifications.
- Such a transport container for liquefied gas has a cylindrical body, and both ends thereof are closed by a substantially hemispherical lid, and as an example, the outer dimensions are about 10 m in diameter and about 25 m in length.
- the gap between the inner tank and the outer tank for vacuum insulation needs to have a certain width.
- the area between the inner and outer tanks, which is the gap between the inner tank and the outer tank, has a volume of several hundred m 3 . Therefore, it takes about one year to make such a large volume area between the inner and outer tanks in a vacuum state capable of vacuum insulation.
- the transport container for liquefied gas of the present embodiment has been developed with such a background, and a submerged pump installed inside the transport container for liquefied gas while maintaining the vacuum state in the region between the inner and outer tanks.
- This is a transport container equipped with a manhole structure that minimizes the vacuum area that is opened during legal maintenance inspections and that can suppress heat input to the inner tank as much as possible.
- the liquefied gas transport container of this embodiment will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a liquefied gas transport container 100 of the present embodiment.
- the liquefied gas transport container 100 is a container installed on a liquefied gas carrier ship that houses the liquefied gas 1 having a boiling point lower than the condensation temperature of air.
- liquefied hydrogen is taken as an example of the liquefied gas 1.
- Such a transport container 100 for liquefied gas has an inner tank 101 that stores the liquefied gas 1 and an outer tank 102 that surrounds the inner tank 101, and is located between the inner tank 101 and the outer tank 102.
- a vacuum heat insulating structure is adopted in which the inter-tank region 103 is a vacuum heat insulating layer.
- the inner tank 101 is supported in the outer tank 102 via a suspension rod or the like provided in the outer tank 102. Further, the area 103 between the inner and outer tanks is evacuated by a vacuum pump 106 disposed outside the outer tank 102.
- the inner tank 101 has a cylindrical body portion and both ends thereof are closed by a substantially hemispherical lid, and the outer tank 102 also surrounds the inner tank 101 and has the same shape as the inner tank 101. .
- the size of the liquefied gas transport container 100 is, for example, about 10 m in diameter and about 25 m in length as the outer dimensions of the outer tank 102.
- a submerged pump 104 for loading the liquefied gas 1 is installed at the bottom 101 a in the inner tank 101 in the vertical direction 2.
- an upper part 100 a of the liquefied gas transport container 100 has a tank dome 105 that serves as a connection point between a pipe connected to the submerged pump 104 and a cargo handling machine, and a manhole described in detail below. 140 is provided.
- the manhole 140 is an entrance that leads from the outside of the outer tub 102 to the inside of the inner tub 101, and is a part where workers enter and exit during the maintenance inspection of the submerged pump 104 as described above.
- the manhole 140 includes an inner tank manhole 110 attached to the inner tank 101, and an outer tank manhole 120 attached to the outer tank 102 so as to surround the outer side of the inner tank manhole 110. And a blocking member 130.
- the inner tank manhole 110 is a cylindrical inner tank manhole body 111 standing on the upper part of the inner tank 101 and allowing workers to enter and exit, a flange 112 welded to the upper end of the inner tank manhole body 111, and It comprises a closing plate 113 that is detachably attached to the flange 112 via a bolt. Normally, the closing plate 113 closes the entrance / exit of the inner tank manhole body 111 and is removed only during maintenance inspection of the submerged pump 104.
- the outer tank manhole 120 has a cylindrical outer tank manhole body 121 standing on the upper part of the outer tank 102, a flange 122 welded to the upper end of the outer tank manhole body 121, and the flange 122 via bolts. It has a closing plate 123 that is detachably attached and a vacuum port 124 that is a connection part with the vacuum pump 106. As described above, the outer tank manhole 120 surrounds the outer side of the inner tank manhole 110, and therefore, the inner tank manhole body 121 is positioned up to the closing plate 113 of the inner tank manhole 110. The closing plate 123 of the outer tank manhole 120 also normally closes the entrance / exit of the outer tank manhole body 121 and is removed only during maintenance inspection of the submerged pump 104.
- the blocking member 130 is installed between the outer surface of the inner tank manhole body 111 of the inner tank manhole 110 and the inner surface of the outer tank manhole body 121 of the outer tank manhole 120. It is a flexible member that separates the region 103 between the inner and outer tanks set in the state and the outside air and suppresses heat input due to heat conduction from the outer tank manhole 120 to the inner tank manhole 110.
- a blocking member 130 includes one end 131 fixed to the outer surface of the inner tank manhole body 111, the other end 132 fixed to the inner surface of the outer tank manhole body 121, and between the one end 131 and the other end 132. And a connecting part 133 having at least one curved part 133a.
- the blocking member 130 has a thickness t2 that is thinner than the thickness t1 of the members that form the outer tank manhole body 121 and the inner tank manhole body 111.
- a bellows is used as the blocking member 130.
- the curved part 133a is U-shaped, and the example of the shape where each connection part 133 connected to the curved part 133a is arrange
- positioned in parallel mutually is shown.
- the shape of the bending portion 133a is not limited to this, and may be a shape in which, for example, each of the connecting portions 133 connected to the bending portion 133a is arranged in a non-parallel manner.
- a contact plate 126 is provided at a joint portion between the outer tub 102 and the outer tub manhole 120.
- the reason why the contact plate 126 is provided is to facilitate the attachment of the outer tank manhole 120 to the outer tank 102 and to block the radiant heat that directly enters the inner tank 101 from the blocking member 130 along the vertical direction 2. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the contact plate 126 has an opening that is large enough to have a region facing the connecting portion 133 of the blocking member 130 in the vertical direction 2.
- the closing plate 113 of the inner tank manhole 110 and the closing plate 123 of the outer tank manhole 120 are positioned above the blocking member 130. Therefore, when the submerged pump 104 is inspected and maintained, the place where the outer plate manhole 120 has the atmospheric pressure released by the removal of the closing plate 123 of the outer vessel manhole 120 is the atmospheric pressure release region from the closing plate 123 of the outer vessel manhole 120 to the blocking member 130. Only 125, and the region 103 between the inner and outer tanks can maintain a vacuum state.
- the atmospheric pressure release region 125 is set to a vacuum state by the vacuum pump 106 via the vacuum port 124 of the outer tank manhole 120 after the closing plates 113 and 123 are attached.
- the blocking member 130 suppresses heat input to the liquefied gas 1 stored in the inner tank manhole 110, that is, the inner tank 101.
- the amount of heat input can be controlled by the material of the blocking member 130, the length of the connecting portion 133, and the plate thickness, as shown in Equation 1 below.
- Q ( ⁇ / L) ⁇ A ⁇ ⁇ T Equation 1
- Q is the total heat input (W) during the transportation period of the liquefied gas
- ⁇ is the thermal conductivity (W / mK) of the material of the blocking member 130
- L is the total length (mm) of the connecting portion 133
- A is the connecting portion.
- 133 is a sectional area (mm 2 )
- ⁇ T is a temperature gradient (K).
- the degree of freedom of design of the blocking member 130 to be used is large corresponding to the allowable heat input from the outside to the inner tank manhole 110, that is, the liquefied gas 1 stored in the inner tank 101.
- the amount of heat input can be managed by the design of the blocking member 130.
- FIG. 2 shows an example having one bending part 133a, but in order to earn the length of the connection part 133, the blocking member 130 is A plurality of curved portions 133a may be provided. Further, the bending portion 133a may be a folded portion.
- the blocking member 130 a flexible member, the heat transfer distance between the outer tank manhole 120 and the inner tank manhole 110 can be increased, so that the outside can be transferred from the outside into the liquefied gas transport container. The amount of heat input can be reduced.
- the blocking member 130 As an example of the blocking member 130, assuming that the heat input Q is 2 W, when the material is stainless steel and the thickness t of the connecting portion 133 is 0.5 mm, the total length L of the connecting portion 133 is about 1.6 m at least. When t is 1 mm, the total length L is at least about 3.3 m.
- the connecting portion 133 is disposed with the bending portion 133a facing downward in the vertical direction 2
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the connecting portion 133 is directed with the bending portion 133a facing upward. You may arrange.
- the one end 131 and the other end 132 of the blocking member 130 are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction 2 as shown in FIG.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 3, the one end 131 and the other end 132 may be arranged at different levels in the vertical direction 2.
- the blocking member 130 has flexibility by having at least one curved portion 133a. Therefore, the blocking member 130 can also absorb the displacement caused by the thermal contraction of the inner tub 101 and the outer tub 102 and the displacement caused by the swinging of the inner tub 101 and the outer tub 102. In addition, since the displacement can be absorbed by the blocking member 130 in this way, the degree of freedom in designing the support structure of the inner tank 101 with respect to the outer tank 102 can also be improved.
- the liquefied gas transport operation in the liquefied gas transport container 100 configured as described above will be described.
- the region 103 between the inner and outer tanks between the inner tank 101 and the outer tank 102 is evacuated to a vacuum state by a vacuum pump 106 disposed outside the outer tank 102. Is done.
- the manhole 140 portion the outside air and the inner and outer tank region 103 are blocked and separated by the blocking member 130.
- both the inner tank manhole 110 and the outer tank manhole 120 are provided with closing plates 113 and 123, respectively. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure release region 125 is also evacuated to the vacuum state by the vacuum pump 106 through the vacuum port 124 of the outer tank manhole 120.
- the liquefied gas 1 to be transported from the outside into the inner tank 101 is injected through the tank dome 105 in a state where at least the region 103 between the inner and outer tanks is in a vacuum. After injection, it is transported to the target port by a liquefied gas carrier.
- the blocking member 130 can absorb the relative displacement between the inner tank 101 and the outer tank 102 due to thermal contraction, swing during transportation, and the like.
- the liquefied gas 1 After arriving at the destination port, the liquefied gas 1 is unloaded through the tank dome 105 by the submerged pump 104 in the inner tank 101.
- the closing plates 113 and 123 of the inner tank manhole 110 and the outer tank manhole 120 are sequentially tightened to the flanges 112 and 122, respectively.
- the atmospheric pressure release region 125 is exhausted to a vacuum state by the vacuum pump 106 via the vacuum port 124.
- the transport container 100 for liquefied gas of the present embodiment the transport container 100 for liquefied gas can be restarted in a short time after the maintenance inspection of the submerged pump 104.
- the method of using the submerged pump 104 is shown as a method of unloading the liquefied gas 1, but the liquefied gas transport container 100 of the present embodiment does not use the submerged pump 104 or the submerged pump 104.
- unloading can also be performed by a self-pressurization method.
- the self-pressurization method is a method for unloading the liquefied gas 1 by forcibly heating and evaporating the liquefied gas 1 in the inner tank 101 from the outside and increasing the pressure in the inner tank 101.
- the present invention can be applied to a transport container for liquefied gas, more specifically, a transport container for liquefied gas used when transporting liquefied gas by sea.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、空気の凝縮温度より沸点が低い液化ガスを収納する液化ガス運搬船に設けられる液化ガス用輸送容器を提供することを目的とする。
即ち、本発明の一態様における液化ガス用輸送容器は、空気の凝縮温度より沸点が低い液化ガスを収容し液化ガス運搬船に設置される液化ガス用輸送容器であって、上記液化ガスを収容する内槽と、この内槽を包囲する外槽と、上記内槽と上記外槽の間に形成される真空断熱層である内外槽間領域と、鉛直方向における内槽底部に固定され上記液化ガスを上記外槽の外側へ吐出するサブマージドポンプと、当該液化ガス用輸送容器の鉛直方向における上部に設けられ、上記外槽の外部と上記内槽の内部とを連通する、上記サブマージドポンプの保守点検用のマンホールと、を備えたことを特徴とする。
また以下に説明する実施の形態における液化ガス用輸送容器は、外国から搬送された液化ガスを日本国内の港へ搬送する国内航路の液化ガス運搬船に設置される液化ガス用輸送容器を例に採る。しかしながら、当該液化ガス用輸送容器はこれに限定する意図ではない。
LNGを輸送する場合、液化ガス運搬船に設置される液化ガス用輸送容器は、LNGを収納した単一殻のタンクの外面に断熱材を巻くことで、外部からLNGへの入熱を抑制している。また、液化ガス運搬船用のタンクでは、タンクからの液化ガスの取出口を甲板より上に設置することが義務づけられており、取出口を例えばタンク底部に設けることはできない。よって、荷役時にタンク内から液化ガスを押し上げて取り出すためのポンプ(サブマージドポンプ)をタンク内の底部に設ける必要ある。一方、このサブマージドポンプは、法定により一定期間ごとのポンプ保守、点検が義務付けられており、そのためタンクの上部には、作業員がタンク内へ出入りするためのマンホールが設置されている。
一方、輸送する液化ガスが液化水素(液化温度:-250℃)の場合には、液化水素の沸点が空気の凝縮温度よりも低いため、上述の断熱材を用いたときには、断熱材に含まれる空気が液体からさらに固体に変化する。このため空気を含有する断熱材では、断熱効果が全くなくなってしまう。したがって輸送容器は、内槽と外槽との二重殻容器とし、その隙間を真空とした真空断熱構造を採る必要が生じる。
このような真空断熱構造を有し、さらに上述のようにサブマージドポンプ、及びそのためのマンホールを備えた、液化ガス運搬船に設置される液化ガス用輸送容器は、未だ存在していない。よって、本実施の形態における液化ガス用輸送容器は、このような仕様を有する輸送容器である。
したがって、上述のサブマージドポンプの法定点検の度に、内外槽間領域の真空状態を外気へ開放したのでは、液化ガス用輸送容器として用をなさないことになる。
また、大容積の真空断熱領域を避けるため、内外槽間領域を複数の空間に区分することで、外気へ開放する容積を小さくする手法も考えられる。しかしながらこの手法では、区分け用部材のための内外槽での金属接点が増え、熱伝導による侵入熱が増大する上、固定点での熱収縮による応力緩和を考慮する必要があるという課題が生じる。
このような、本実施の形態の液化ガス用輸送容器について、以下に詳しく説明する。
このような液化ガス用輸送容器100は、液化ガス1を収容する内槽101と、この内槽101を包囲する外槽102とを有し、内槽101と外槽102とに挟まれた内外槽間領域103を真空断熱層とする真空断熱構造を採る。尚、内槽101は、外槽102内に設けた吊ロッド等を介して外槽102内に支持される。また、内外槽間領域103は、外槽102の外側に配置した真空ポンプ106により排気が行われる。
また、鉛直方向2において内槽101内の底部101aには、液化ガス1の荷役用のサブマージドポンプ104が設置されている。また、鉛直方向2において液化ガス用輸送容器100の上部100aには、サブマージドポンプ104に接続されるパイプ等と荷役用機械等との接続箇所となるタンクドーム105と、以下に詳しく説明するマンホール140とが設けられている。
このような遮断部材130は、内槽マンホール胴部111の外面に固定される一端131と、外槽マンホール胴部121の内面に固定される他端132と、一端131と他端132との間で延在し少なくとも一つの湾曲部133aを有する連結部133とを有する。また遮断部材130は、外槽マンホール胴部121及び内槽マンホール胴部111を形成する部材の板厚t1に比して薄い板厚t2を有する。本実施の形態では、遮断部材130としてベローズを用いている。
ここで、Qは液化ガスの輸送期間における合計入熱量(W)、λは遮断部材130の材質における熱伝導率(W/mK)、Lは連結部133の全長(mm)、Aは連結部133の断面積(mm2)、ΔTは温度勾配(K)、である。
また、入熱量に関するパラメータの一つに連結部133の長さがあることから、図2では一つの湾曲部133aを有する例を示すが、連結部133の長さを稼ぐため、遮断部材130は、複数の湾曲部133aを有してもよい。また、湾曲部133aは、折り返し部であってもよい。
つまり、遮断部材130を可撓性を有する部材とすることにより、外槽マンホール120と内槽マンホール110との間の伝熱距離を伸ばすことができるため、外部から液化ガス用輸送容器内への入熱量を低減することができる。
また、マンホール140の製造を容易にする観点からは、図2に示すように遮断部材130の一端131と他端132とは、鉛直方向2において同レベルに配置するのが好ましい。しかしながらこれに限定するものではなく、図3に示すように、一端131及び他端132は、鉛直方向2において異レベルに配置してもよい。
要するに、上述の式1にしたがい遮断部材130を設計すればよく、湾曲部133aの数、向き、遮断部材130の形状等に制限はない。但し、式1が示すように入熱量は遮断部材130の熱伝導率に比例することから、可能な限り熱伝導率の小さい材質を使用する方が連結部133の全長を短くすることができ、不必要にマンホール140の特に高さが大きくなるのを抑えることができる。
輸送する液化ガス1が内槽101に注入される前に、内槽101と外槽102との間の内外槽間領域103は、外槽102の外側に配置した真空ポンプ106によって真空状態まで排気される。このときマンホール140部分では、遮断部材130によって外気と内外槽間領域103とは遮断、分離されている。通常、内槽マンホール110及び外槽マンホール120は共に、それぞれ閉止板113、123が取り付けられている。よって、外槽マンホール120の真空ポート124を介して、大気圧開放領域125も真空ポンプ106によって真空状態まで排気される。
次に、内槽マンホール110の閉止板113が取り外される。そして、外槽マンホール120のフランジ122部分の開口、及び内槽マンホール110のフランジ112部分の開口を通り、作業員は内槽101内へ入ることができる。
したがって、本実施形態の液化ガス用輸送容器100によれば、サブマージドポンプ104の保守点検後、短時間で液化ガス用輸送容器100を再稼働させることが可能である。
本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。
又、2012年12月19日に出願された、日本国特許出願No.特願2012-276563号の明細書、図面、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の開示内容の全ては、参考として本明細書中に編入されるものである。
100…液化ガス用輸送容器、100a…上部、101…内槽、101a…底部、
102…外槽、103…内外槽間領域、104…サブマージドポンプ、
110…内槽マンホール、111…内槽マンホール胴部、
120…外槽マンホール、121…外槽マンホール胴部、
130…遮断部材、131…一端、132…他端、
133…連結部、133a…湾曲部、
140…マンホール。
Claims (5)
- 空気の凝縮温度より沸点が低い液化ガスを収容し液化ガス運搬船に設置される液化ガス用輸送容器であって、
上記液化ガスを収容する内槽と、
この内槽を包囲する外槽と、
上記内槽と上記外槽の間に形成される真空断熱層である内外槽間領域と、
鉛直方向における内槽底部に固定され上記液化ガスを上記外槽の外側へ吐出するサブマージドポンプと、
当該液化ガス用輸送容器の鉛直方向における上部に設けられ、上記外槽の外部と上記内槽の内部とを連通する、上記サブマージドポンプの保守点検用のマンホールと、
を備えたことを特徴とする液化ガス用輸送容器。 - 上記マンホールは、その開放時に上記内外槽間領域と外気とを分離し、かつ上記外槽から上記内槽への入熱を抑制する遮断部材をさらに備えた、請求項1に記載の液化ガス用輸送容器。
- 上記マンホールは、
鉛直方向における上記内槽の上部に設けられた内槽マンホールと、
この内槽マンホールの外側を包囲し、鉛直方向における上記外槽の上部に設けられた外槽マンホールと、を有し、
上記遮断部材は、上記内槽マンホールの内槽マンホール胴部と上記外槽マンホールの外槽マンホール胴部との間に設置される可撓性の部材である、請求項2に記載の液化ガス用輸送容器。 - 上記遮断部材は、上記内槽マンホール胴部に固定される一端と、上記外槽マンホール胴部に固定される他端と、この一端と他端との間で延在し少なくとも一つの湾曲部を有する連結部とを有し、上記外槽マンホール胴部及び上記内槽マンホール胴部を形成する部材の板厚に比して薄い板厚を有する、請求項3に記載の液化ガス用輸送容器。
- 上記遮断部材は以下の式、
Q=(λ/L)×A×ΔT
ここで、Qは液化ガスの輸送期間中における合計入熱量(W)、λは遮断部材の材質における熱伝導率(W/mK)、Lは連結部の全長(mm)、Aは連結部の断面積(mm2)、ΔTは温度勾配(K)である、
によって設計される、請求項2から4のいずれかに記載の液化ガス用輸送容器。
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CN201380066716.5A CN104870338B (zh) | 2012-12-19 | 2013-12-13 | 液化气体用输送容器 |
EP13864923.1A EP2937297A4 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2013-12-13 | TRANSPORT CONTAINER FOR LIQUEFIED GAS |
BR112015014148A BR112015014148A2 (pt) | 2012-12-19 | 2013-12-13 | recipiente de transporte para um gás liquefeito |
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CN109268674A (zh) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-25 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | 低温常压储罐及其人孔结构 |
CN110056761A (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-26 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | 人孔装置及具有该人孔装置的真空绝热低温储罐 |
CN110056761B (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2024-06-04 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | 人孔装置及具有该人孔装置的真空绝热低温储罐 |
CN113226913A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-06 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 船舶 |
CN113226913B (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-10-01 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 船舶 |
WO2023229008A1 (ja) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-30 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | マンホール構造体、多重殻タンク及び船舶 |
Also Published As
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BR112015014148A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
CN104870338A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
JP2014118206A (ja) | 2014-06-30 |
EP2937297A4 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
CN104870338B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
KR20150059783A (ko) | 2015-06-02 |
EP2937297A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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