WO2014086465A1

WO2014086465A1 - Method for operating an aquatic plant culture unit for feeding stuffs, and plant culture unit itself

Info

Publication number: WO2014086465A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/003577
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hermann-Josef Wilhelm
Original assignee: Rogmans, Maria
Priority date: 2012-12-06
Filing date: 2013-11-27
Publication date: 2014-06-12
Also published as: DE102012023929A1; EP2928286B1; EP2928286A1; DE102012023929B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an aquatic plant culture unit for feeding stuffs, and to the plant culture unit itself, as per the preamble of Patent Claims 1 and 8. To ensure here firstly that feed, or feeding stuff plants, are to be available on site freshly throughout as much of the year as possible, and to ensure that harvesting of feeding stuff production are matched considerably better while minimizing the resources of land requirement, water requirement and energy requirement in plant production, it is proposed in accordance with the invention to assign, to the plant production in the stacked aquaculture system, a feeding stuff production and/or feeding stuff conditioning which is/are chronologically correlated and coordinated with the former in such a way that the yields of the aquacultures are matched automatically to the subsequent feeding stuff production so that the total of the daily or weekly yields of aquatic plants can be processed in situ, after at least partial drying of the plants, to give feeding stuffs.

Description

Method of operating an aquatic

Plant culture facility for animal feed, as well

Plant culture facility itself

The invention relates to a method for operating an aquatic plant culture facility for feed, as well as plant culture facility itself, according to the preamble of claims 1 and 10.

A culture device for aquatic plants is known from WO 2010/043323, in which, particularly when using low-light plants, an arrangement of shelves one above the other, i. arranged in floors

Culture water tanks is provided in which the aquatic plants are cultivated and harvested from the same.

From DE 10 2011 012 676 AI a culture device is known in which the culture water is fed with conditioned starting water and fertilized so reproducible.

From cultural institutions of this type is a cyclic harvesting, as is known in such cultural institutions from WO 2011/047778 A2. Aquatic plants such as duckweed, water hyacinths etc are to a considerable extent as feed or as a protein-rich feed additive for animal feed

suitable .

Usual forage plants like corn and soy are

Land plants and are therefore available only in the harvest season. This means that one or two crops a year, this food plant is available and must then be processed.

That in no time large quantities of produce must be processed, or you can buy that

Feed plants must be transported globally from different seasons zones over long distances.

The invention is therefore based on the object that on the one hand feed, or feed crops on site as fresh as possible should be available all year round, and that the harvesting and feed production are much better coordinated, while also minimizing the resources land use, water demand and energy needs in crop production becomes. The stated object is achieved in a method of the generic type by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Further advantageous embodiments are in the

dependent claims 2 to 9 specified.

With regard to a device with aquatic

Cultural institution is the task solved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 10.

Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the remaining dependent claims.

Core of the inventive method is that of

Plant production in the stacked aquaculture system with a temporally correlated and coordinated

Feed production and / or

Feed conditioning is coordinated, such that the harvesting quantities of aquaculture is adapted to the subsequent feed production automatically in such a way that in total daily or weekly

harvested quantities of aquatic plants initu at least after partial drying of the plants can be processed into feed. Such an aquaculture system is closed, ie arranged in a greenhouse-like photobioreactor. The use of aquatic plants provides seasons-independent culture and harvest times. Furthermore, aquatic plants are extremely fast-growing and self-propagating.

The cultivated areas can therefore with DAILY

Partial amounts of 8% to 50% of the maximum cover can be harvested. That is, the biomass FRISCH is available year round. The above quantity range in the harvesting is relatively wide.

The present invention exploits the effect that the young stimulation of cultures, for example, Lemnacea and Eichhornia exactly from the removed

Harvest quantity is significantly influenced. This uses the invention by the direct and

automatic adaptability of the following

Feed production process to the daily

Harvest quantity and vice versa.

Thus, the used aquatic culture system becomes a "living demand-controlled fresh storage" with always fresh biomass.

Resource conservation and sustainability because:

Compact plant production without need

agricultural area

Year-round, all year round fresh mass without transport routes, especially available all year round;

Considerably lower water requirement;

- Low energy consumption and thus CO2-minimized.

In an advantageous embodiment it is indicated that the aquatic plant culture facility in zones

different temperature and / or different heat in the culture water, and / or different

Illumination or artificial light emission of different wavelength and / or different

Culture water composition is divided, in which different ingredient spectra can be generated in the aquatic plants by controlling these parameters. This applies, but not exclusively, to the use of duckweed of various varieties. These duckweed react to the above mentioned variations of the above mentioned parameters corresponding shift in the ingredient spectrum. This is essentially about the protein and

Starch contents, which are very high in these plants with 35% to over 40%. Corresponding balancing of starch with protein can, depending on requirements, be achieved for the desired final produced feed

be set. In particular, the

Ingredient spectra reproducible with appropriate control. Thus, the biomass can be designed / designed exactly to the desired final feed design on proteins etc.

The zones created for this purpose in the cultural facility can be operated as separate departments.

Another important factor is that the culture equipment with duckweed preferably be operated in single-variety cultures, and not in mixed cultures. This is of very considerable importance for the operation of the device according to the invention.

This ensures the most stable yield and the best reproducibility with regard to the desired adjusted ingredients.

Moreover, this is beneficial in terms of valuable organic certification.

With this embodiment, this can even be done zonewise, so that within an aquatic

Cultural institution each desired different

Biomass directly applied to the following

Feed production can be adjusted.

Furthermore, it is therefore advantageous that zonewise is harvested and there each reproducibly different ingredients

In the following, correspondingly enter into feed production in order to generate demand-oriented biomass as raw materials.

The used duckweed are conventionally bred varieties, none

were subjected to genetic engineering treatment and are therefore GMO-free.

With the help of the above-mentioned aquatic cultural facilities, this is possible, so that this freedom from genetic engineering is considerably advantageous for the resulting feed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the amounts of water required in the cultivation at least partially from the condensation of

Culture water evaporation amounts in the photobioreactor and / or from the drying of the removed plants are returned to the cultural institution of the photobioreactor. In this way, this biomass is cultured with water circulated in a full cycle. In principle, only at the beginning of a starting amount

Culture water from well water etc are already provided. Then the water moves in the process, to drying, always in a circle and it only need

Water losses are refilled. Consequently, this biomass production process is consequently extremely water-saving due to the given closed culture system.

The fact that now the production of fresh mass and the feed production from the fresh mass also In addition, extremely resource-conserving and, moreover, basically high-quality animal feed can be produced. In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the aquatic cultural facility by means of waste heat from the feed production process or by means of

Solar thermal is heated. In this way, another component of the sustainability of this specific feed production arises.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that at the fresh mass discharge point of the aquatic cultural facility, a closed, transparently enclosed area is used for the solar thermal predrying of the fresh mass.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the condensation from the aquatic

Cultural facility or pre-drying in the

Culture water of the aquatic cultural facility

recycled leads by being treated with a degermination just before feeding into the crops. In this way, the process can be driven with high hygiene and lasting quality.

In a further advantageous embodiment is stated that agricultural manure the culture water

is admixed before it is sterilized and subsequently fed to the cultural facility.

That that the finished manure / culture water mixture is sterilized. Subsequently, this is then fed to the cultures.

In a further advantageous embodiment is indicated that previously from agricultural manure or

Fermentation substrates the thick phase (solid sedimentable

Ingredients) is separated from the manure, and the resulting thin phase is added to the culture water. In this way, a sedimentation in the

Plant culture plant is avoided. The separated thick phase can be supplied to a wide variety of applications. With respect to the device according to the invention, the essence of the invention is that a closed

aquatic plant culture facility with stacked culture tanks of an aquaculture system

is provided, the one

The feed production facility is spatially associated or assigned in such a way that there is a time-correlated and coordinated feed production, in which the harvesting quantities of the

Aquaculture on the subsequent feed production is automatically controllable and vice versa, and thus the total daily or weekly harvested quantities

aquatic plants in situ at least after partial drying of the plants directly to feed

are processable.

A spatial classification of both plants, namely the aquatic plant culture facility and the

Feed production facility is therefore advantageous. But this is just one possible variant of the operation. Plant culture facility and

However, feed production facilities also do not need to be directly spatially coordinated. It is sufficient if an aquatic "elsewhere" placed

Plant culture facility with a Feed production facility is arranged together.

This is possible with the said invention because of this particular aquatic

Plant culture facility is a year-round operation with daily or several times a week or monthly regular harvesting is possible. Unlike

Land plants, the plant material is thus available in terms of time and quantity virtually unlimited.

Thus, also the plant culture facility scheduled assigned feed production facility can be constantly used throughout the year. This is in addition to the qualitatively extremely high quality biomass further significant advantage of the invention.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that a closed enclosed area for solar thermal or process waste heat-fed predrying of the fresh mass is provided at the fresh mass discharge point of the aquatic plant culture facility.

Likewise, heat contributions from process waste heat, for example, from feed production and / or geothermal heat, and / or groundwater or thermal source heat

especially in the Lower Californian, depending on the geographical location used to optimize the biomass crop in the cultural facility.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the culture device and the area provided for predrying are provided with condensation surfaces which are connected in liquid and / or drop-fit manner to a condensation water collecting container, see above that the amounts of water required in the cultivation at least partially from the condensation of

Culture water evaporation amounts in the photobioreactor and / or from the drying of the removed plants is returned to the cultural institution of the photobioreactor. This way is in final

easy way to ensure the water-minimized production of feed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the aquatic cultural facility by means of waste heat from the feed production process or by means of

Solar thermal is heated. This is a sustainable use of low calorie otherwise lost

Given process waste heat. The heating of the

Plant culture facility in turn results in an increase in biomass yield.

Furthermore, it is advantageously designed

that at the Frischmasseausschleusungspunkt the aquatic cultural institution a closed translucent housed area for solar thermal predrying of the fresh mass is used.

Just as advantageous, as already described above in the method, is that the condensation from the

aquatic culture facility or predrying is recycled into the culture water of the aquatic culture facility by being treated with a sterilization shortly before feeding into the culture areas.

To feed the aquatic plant cultures is advantageously designed that agricultural manure is added to the culture water before it sterilized and subsequently supplied to the cultural facility. If required, a high standard of hygiene is possible.

It is also advantageous that previously off

agricultural manure the thick phase (solid

sedimentable constituents) is separated from the manure, and the resulting thin phase is added to the culture water via a mixer. An embodiment of the invention is in the

Drawing shown and explained in more detail below.

Starting from an aquatic plant culture facility 1 with a system of stacked aquaculture pans, as known, for example, from WO 2012/043323 A2, aquatic plants, namely essentially but not exclusively duckweed, are cultivated there. The duckweed are suitable because of their

Lightweight feature especially to cultivate these self-shadowing stacked tub cultures. There are the aquatic plants daily, or several times a day to weekly or several times

harvested weekly. The harvesting can be carried out, for example, controlled by a floating system. In this case, harvest times and harvest quantities per crop area can be controlled. Ideally, each of the

Cultivated crops / pans in the above mentioned period. The reason for this is that aquatic plants grow up to a maximum boundary cover and then stop the growth, until by harvesting the population density again clearly below the

Boundary coverage is driven. In other words, the harvesting of the cultivated areas is simultaneous

wuchstimulierend. But that means that one over the Control of harvesting quantities and cycles targeted

Has an influence on the available available biomass.

This possible control intervention is essential to the invention. The harvested amounts of biomass are now at the outlet of the cultural institution 1 via a thermally or solar thermal operated drying or

Pre-drying 2 slotted. This can with spatially dense arrangement of cultural institution 1 and

Feed production 3 also thermally

Be fed process waste heat. Both processes can be performed via either a common control, if the cultural facility 1 and the

Feed production facility are spatially together.

If, however, the cultural facility 1 and the feed production 3 are not located directly next to each other in space, then mutually coordinated control parameters for the harvesting 5 and control parameters for the harvesting can nevertheless be coordinated

Feed production to be generated. Even if these are done in two separate controls. However, a coordinated harvest / production can also be coordinated via the Internet.

In this way it is possible that selected

Cultural facilities throughout the year are controlled so that their respective assigned

Feed production plant is designed and controlled exactly to this amount of biomass.

So far, such coordination with land plants is not possible, because the resulting biomass yield in terrestrial plants is discontinuous (1 to 3 times a year), and In addition, the harvest of land plants always completely harvested and then on dump or in silos

must be stored. This is not necessary in the present case according to the invention and can therefore be completely eliminated.

The costs incurred for feed production

The amount of biomass, ie the harvest quantity, is thus directly adjusted in situ to the capacity of the feed production on a daily basis.

Accordingly, the drying / predrying 6 can also be included in the control, so that it too is time-coordinated with respect to the further process, so that waiting times in the drying are taken into account in time.

Instead of or in addition to drying or predrying, the biomass may be ensiled or otherwise even wet conditioned, depending on what is used as the feedstock for the subsequent one

Feed production is desired. But even these optional steps are done with a high

Reproducibility.

From the feed production, the feed is then moved to livestock 8 and fed there. The

Livestock farming then supplies manure. This manure from livestock and, if necessary, fermentation residues from biogas plants 10 form the so-called agricultural manure 9 overall.

Then advantageously but not necessarily a separation of thick phase 11 and thin phase 12 from this manure. The separated thick phase 11 can be admixed to the fermentation substrate of biogas plants 10 again for gasification.

The aqueous thin phase, on the other hand, is a valuable fertilizer for the extremely fast-growing aquatic

Crop plants in the cultural institution 1.

In the cultural institution fall for example by the

Daily change temperature cycle large quantities

condensed water. This is collected in the closed culture device 1 and recycled into the culture water mixer.

In this way, the essential part of the water required in the cultural facility is so in a circle

hazards. Water losses can be compensated with well water, or the thin phase brings enough water.

Additionally or alternatively, the culture water mixer can also be fed by a fertilizer device 15, which is either normal NPK fertilizer as fertilizer

(Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and / or residues / waste from the food, or even the feed production, and / or so-called vinasse. In this way, the process gains another point in terms of the

Sustainability of organic feed production.

Of course livestock does not need to be in the same location. Nevertheless arises in this at least orstnah possible operation especially in

agricultural cooperatives

Raw material cycle in whole, in which the for the

Forage production is significantly reduced and equally sustainably managed with water resources. As a result, it also cuts down on every kilo of beef, pork or poultry meat

spent amount of fresh water dramatically.

Because this cultivation of aquatic plants,

In particular, duckweed (Lemnaceae etc) in the present process takes place in closed cultural institutions, all legal requirements made for the feed utilization are met in a simple manner.

In addition to the climate goals, this sustainable use of water as a resource is one of the priority goals of the coming decades.

In addition, the sites for such facilities are conceivable not only as free-standing photobioreactors because of the actual culture process in closed stacked culture tubs, but also in Bodeneinsenkungen, or even in old tunnels, provided that they are illuminated at least under the need for duckweed low light conditions.

Reference number:

1 Aquatic plant culture facility

2 drying / predrying

3 Feed production facility

4 control device

5 Control parameters harvesting

6 Control parameters Drying

7 Control parameters Feed production

8 livestock farming

9 Agricultural manure

10 biogas plant

11 thick phase separation

12 thin-phase separation

13 culture water mixer

14 condensate storage tank

15 fertilizer / fertilizer device

Claims

claims

1. Method of operating an aquatic

Plant culture facility for the

Feed production, in which in one

in a stacked aquaculture system aquatic plants are cultured and partially harvested in short repetitive harvest cycles, characterized in that the plant production in the stacked aquaculture system is associated with a temporally correlated and coordinated feed production and / or feed conditioning, such that the Beerntungsmengen the aquaculture to the subsequent Feed production is automatically adjusted in such a way that the total daily or weekly harvested quantities aquatic

Plant initu at least after partial drying of the plants to feed can be processed.

2. The method according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the amounts of water required in the cultivation at least partially from the condensation of

Culture water evaporation amounts in the photobioreactor and / or from the drying of the removed plants is returned to the cultural institution of the photobioreactor.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized,

that the aquatic plant culture facility in zones of different temperature and / or

different heat in the culture water, and / or different illumination or artificial light emission of different wavelength and / or

different culture water composition

is subdivided, in which different ingredient spectra can be generated in the aquatic plants by controlling these parameters.

Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3,

characterized,

that is harvested zone by zone and that there in each case reproducibly different ingredients are subsequently correspondingly in the feed production in order to generate as required biomass designed as raw materials.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

that the aquatic cultural facility is heated by waste heat from the feed production process or by solar thermal energy.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

that at the Frischmasseausschleusungspunkt the aquatic cultural institution a closed translucent housed area for solar thermal pre-drying of the fresh mass is used.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

that the condensation from the aquatic

Cultural facility or pre-drying in the

Culture water recirculated to the aquatic cultural facility by passing it just before feeding into the Cultivated areas is treated with a sterilization.

, Method according to claim 7,

characterized,

that agricultural manure is added to the culture water before it is sterilized and subsequently fed to the cultural facility.

, Method according to claim 7 or 8,

characterized,

that previously from agricultural manure or

Fermentation substrates, the thick phase (solid sedimentable constituents) is separated from the manure, and the resulting thin phase is added to the culture water.

0. Establishment with plant culture facility for

Implementation of the method according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized,

that a closed aquatic

Plant culture device is provided with stacked culture tubs an aquaculture system spatially associated or assigned to a feed production facility, such that a time-correlated and coordinated

Feed production takes place, at which the

Become quantities of aquaculture to the subsequent feed production is automatically controlled, and the total daily or weekly harvested quantities of aquatic plants in situ, at least after partial drying of the plants directly to

Feed is processable.

11. Device with plant culture device according to claim 10,

characterized,

that at Frischmasseausschleusungspunkt the aquatic plant culture facility a closed

Enclosed area for solar thermal or

process waste heat fed pre-drying of the fresh mass is provided.

12. Device with plant culture after

Claim 10 or 11,

characterized,

the culture device and the area provided for predrying are provided with condensation surfaces which are connected in liquid and / or drop-tight manner to a condensation water collection container, so that the amounts of water required during the cultivation at least partly result from the condensation of culture water evaporation amounts in the photobioreactor and / or from the drying the removed plants is returned to the cultural institution of the photobioreactor.

13. Device with plant culture device according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 11,

characterized,

14. Plant with plant culture device according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that at the freshwater discharge point of the aquatic Cultural facility is a closed translucent housed area for solar thermal pre-drying of the fresh mass is used.

15. Plant with plant culture device according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the condensation from the aquatic

Cultural facility or pre-drying in the

Culture water recirculated to the aquatic culture facility by being treated with a degermination just before feeding into the crops.

16. Device with plant culture device according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

17. Plant with plant culture device according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized ,

that previously from agricultural manure the

Thick phase (solid sedimentable constituents) is separated from the manure, and the resulting thin phase is added to the culture water.