WO2014083832A1 - Système de génération d'électricité et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Système de génération d'électricité et son procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014083832A1
WO2014083832A1 PCT/JP2013/006904 JP2013006904W WO2014083832A1 WO 2014083832 A1 WO2014083832 A1 WO 2014083832A1 JP 2013006904 W JP2013006904 W JP 2013006904W WO 2014083832 A1 WO2014083832 A1 WO 2014083832A1
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Prior art keywords
power
power generation
master
power conditioner
amount
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PCT/JP2013/006904
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
清志 黒田
伊砂夫 原
久 樋口
佐藤　元保
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株式会社Tbk
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Publication of WO2014083832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014083832A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generation system and a control method therefor, and more particularly, a power generation system in which a distributed power generation system in which a plurality of power generation devices are connected in parallel via a power conditioner is connected to a commercial power system at a connection point. And a control method thereof.
  • a power generation system such as a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a gas cogeneration system, etc. is installed in a consumer and connected to a commercial power system.
  • a commercial power system there is an interconnected distributed power generation system in which a plurality of power generators are installed in one consumer and the power generators are connected in parallel to each other via a power conditioner and then connected to the commercial power system at the connection point.
  • a power generation system it is required that the power generation amount of each power generation device be made as uniform as possible to keep the life of each power generation device above a certain level and to minimize the maintenance frequency of each power generation device. For this reason, it becomes a problem how to control the power generation amount of each power generator with respect to the load which changes every moment, such as lighting equipment and an air-conditioning system.
  • Patent Document 1 A power generation system having a plurality of gas cogeneration devices as a power generation device is described in Patent Document 1, for example.
  • the output power amount of the power conditioner attached to each power generation device is comprehensively controlled by the monitoring-side power conditioner that monitors reverse power flow, thereby preventing the power generation amount of each power generation device while preventing reverse power flow. Keep even.
  • a control device for one monitoring power conditioner controls the output power amount of the monitoring power conditioner while measuring the amount of received power supplied from commercial power at that time, and The control information is also sent to other non-monitoring power conditioners.
  • Each non-monitoring-side power conditioner controls the output power amount of the non-monitoring-side power conditioner to be the same as the output power amount of the monitoring-side power conditioner based on the transmitted control information.
  • a monitoring-side power conditioner that monitors reverse power flow acquires status information of the power generation device from each power-conditioner on the non-monitoring side via the communication control unit, and receives the current reception. Control information for controlling the generated power amount selected based on the power amount is transmitted to each power conditioner on the non-monitoring side via the communication line.
  • a failure occurs in communication between the monitoring-side power conditioner and the non-monitoring-side power conditioner, for example, when a failure such as interruption of communication for a certain time occurs.
  • the target electric energy control is not performed.
  • it is necessary to stop the power conditioner on the non-monitoring side in order to prevent the occurrence of reverse power flow, it is necessary to stop the power conditioner on the non-monitoring side.
  • the power conditioner on the non-monitoring side is stopped, the amount of power received from the commercial power system is greatly increased, and a wasteful loss such as an increase in power usage fee on the consumer side occurs.
  • the present invention provides an improved power generation system that enables desired control using communication between normal power conditioners even when a failure occurs in communication between power conditioners, and the control thereof It aims to provide a method.
  • the present invention provides a power generation system in which a plurality of power generation devices are connected in parallel to each other via corresponding power conditioners and connected to a commercial power system at a connection point.
  • the power conditioner includes one master unit power conditioner, at least one submaster power conditioner, and at least one slave unit power conditioner connected to each other via a communication line, and the interconnection point
  • a current transformer having a current received at the primary current, a first switching position for supplying the secondary current of the current transformer to the master unit power conditioner, and a second switching for supplying the sub master power conditioner
  • a changeover switch capable of switching the secondary current of the current transformer between the position and the master unit power conditioner, Based on the measurement result of the secondary current supplied at the first switching position, the power generation amount to be generated by each generator is calculated, and information specifying the calculated power generation amount is at least the slave unit power Transmitted to the conditioner via the communication line, and the sub-master power conditioner generates power to be generated by each generator based on the measurement result of the secondary current supplied at the second switching position.
  • the power generator calculates the amount of electric power, and transmits information specifying the calculated generated electric energy to at least the child device power conditioner via the communication line, and the child device power conditioner is connected to the parent device power.
  • the power generator is controlled according to the amount of power generated by the conditioner or the submaster / power conditioner, and the parent When the communication with the power conditioner fails, to provide a power generation system characterized by switching to the second switch position the changeover switch from the first switching position.
  • the sub-master power conditioner can operate as the slave unit power conditioner when no communication failure occurs in the master unit power conditioner.
  • the base unit power conditioner is based on a base unit side current measurement circuit that measures the secondary current supplied at the first switching position, and a current value measured by the base unit side current measurement circuit.
  • the received power amount is calculated, and the base unit side arithmetic circuit for calculating the generated power amount to be generated by each power generator from the calculated received power amount, and the generated power amount calculated by the base unit side arithmetic circuit are designated.
  • a master-side communication control unit that transmits information to at least the slave unit power conditioner via the communication line, and the sub-master power conditioner is supplied at the second switching position.
  • the slave unit power conditioner includes a power generation control unit that controls the power generation device of the own unit according to the amount of generated power specified by the master unit power conditioner or the submaster power conditioner. it can.
  • a communication abnormality determination unit that detects that a failure has occurred in communication transmitted from the parent device side communication control unit to the communication line by at least one of the parent device power conditioner and the submaster power conditioner. It is also possible to adopt a configuration provided.
  • the master unit power conditioner and the submaster power conditioner calculate a power generation amount to be generated by each power generation device so as not to generate a reverse power flow at the interconnection point.
  • the change-over switch may be arranged in at least one of the master unit power conditioner and the submaster power conditioner.
  • the present invention also includes a plurality of power generators connected in parallel to each other via corresponding power conditioners and connected to a commercial power system at a connection point, wherein the power conditioner is connected via a communication line.
  • the base unit power conditioner calculates the amount of power to be generated by each generator based on the measurement result of the secondary current of the current transformer having the received current at the cooperation point as the primary current.
  • the information specifying the generated power generation amount is transmitted to at least the slave unit power conditioner via the communication line.
  • a first switching position for supplying the secondary current of the current transformer to the master unit power conditioner and a second switching position for supplying to the submaster power conditioner Switching a switch capable of switching the secondary current of the current transformer from the first switching position to the second switching position; and the submaster / power conditioner, Based on the measurement result of the secondary current supplied at the switching position of 2, the power generation amount to be generated by each generator is calculated, and at least information specifying the calculated power generation amount is stored in the slave unit power conditioner. And transmitting the data via the communication line.
  • a method for controlling the power generation system is provided.
  • the secondary current of the current transformer having the received current as the primary current is supplied to the master power conditioner side and the first switching position and the submaster power conditioner side.
  • a changeover switch that can switch the secondary current of the current transformer to and from the second changeover position is installed, and when a failure occurs in communication sent from the master unit power conditioner to the communication line, the changeover switch is set to the first changeover switch.
  • the submaster / power conditioner can calculate the amount of received power from the secondary current of the current transformer, and based on this, The amount of power generated by the power conditioner can be calculated.
  • the submaster power conditioner can notify the amount of power to be generated by the slave unit power conditioner instead of the master unit power conditioner, and the target generated power amount can be controlled.
  • the submaster power conditioner can notify the amount of power to be generated by the slave unit power conditioner instead of the master unit power conditioner, and the target generated power amount can be controlled.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • base station power conditioner in the electric power generation system of FIG. The block diagram of the submaster power conditioner in the electric power generation system of FIG.
  • mobile_unit power conditioner in the electric power generation system of FIG. The functional block diagram of CPU of a main
  • base station power conditioner. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing routine at the time of base unit communication abnormality in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 occupies a power system including an interconnected distributed power generation system (hereinafter simply referred to as a power generation system) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power generation system 100 is connected to a customer's premises distribution line 102 connected to the distribution line of the commercial power system 103 at the interconnection point 101.
  • the on-site distribution line 102 is connected to a power load 104 such as lighting equipment or an air conditioning system installed in the customer premises, and supplies power supplied from the power generation system 100 and the commercial power system 103 to the power load 104.
  • a low-voltage single-phase three-wire wiring is shown.
  • any conventional wiring system such as a low-voltage single-phase two-wire system, a low-voltage three-phase three-wire system, or a high-voltage three-phase three-wire system can be used for the electrical system.
  • the power generation system 100 includes a plurality of power conditioners # 0 (10A), # 1 (10B),..., #N (10C) that control electric power output from the corresponding power generation apparatuses 11A, 11B, and 11C.
  • the power conditioners 10A, 10B, and 10C are connected to each other via the communication line 105, and information can be exchanged between the power conditioners 10A, 10B, and 10C. Further, the output sides of the power conditioners 10A, 10B, and 10C are connected in parallel to each other via the on-site distribution line 102, and the power from each of the power generators 11A, 11B, and 11C is passed through the on-site distribution line 102. Thus, the power load 104 can be supplied.
  • Power conditioner # 0 (10A) is configured as a master unit (master) power conditioner that controls other power conditioners # 1 (10B),..., #N (10C).
  • Power conditioner # 1 (10B) normally operates as a slave unit (slave), and operates as a substitute for the master unit when a communication error occurs in the master unit power conditioner 10A.
  • the power conditioner #n (10C) is configured as a slave (slave) power conditioner.
  • One or more power conditioners 10B and 10C configured as a sub master and a slave unit are installed in the power generation system 100, respectively.
  • the power conditioner # 0 (10A) as a master is connected to the secondary windings of the current transformers CT 1 (106) and CT 2 (107) installed on the local distribution line 102 near the interconnection point 101.
  • a CT secondary current is received via a CT (Current Transformer) secondary wiring 108.
  • the power conditioner # 1 (10B), which is the sub-master, receives CT 1 (106), CT via the current switching circuit and the CT secondary wirings 108, 109 in the parent device power conditioner 10A when an abnormality occurs in the parent device communication. 2 (107) secondary current is received.
  • FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a master unit power conditioner (hereinafter also simply referred to as a master unit) 10A, together with a cooperating power generator 11A and the like.
  • the power generation device 11 ⁇ / b> A is configured as an induction generator that generates power by being rotationally driven together with a heat pump compressor 21 by a gas turbine 22, for example.
  • the heat pump is used, for example, as a heat source such as an air conditioning facility in a building or a hot water supply system.
  • the base unit 10 ⁇ / b> A includes a changeover switch 12, a current measurement circuit 13, a voltage measurement circuit 14, a CPU 15, an inverter 16, and a communication driver 17.
  • the CPU 15 performs overall control.
  • the changeover switch 12 uses the CT secondary current sent from the secondary windings of CT 1 (106) and CT 2 (107) via the CT secondary wiring 108 in the main unit 10A, or the CT secondary wiring. It is selected whether the data is sent to the sub-master power conditioner (hereinafter also simply referred to as sub-master) 10B via 109.
  • the current measurement circuit 13 receives a current from the changeover switch 12, measures the current value, and inputs it to the CPU 15.
  • the voltage measurement circuit 14 inputs the line voltage of the local distribution line 102 and inputs the measured voltage value to the CPU 15.
  • the inverter 16 converts the output power from the power generator 11 ⁇ / b> A into AC power synchronized with the commercial power system 103.
  • the communication driver 17 transmits a control signal to the sub master 10B and each slave unit power conditioner (hereinafter also simply referred to as a slave unit) 10C via the communication line 105, and receives status information from these.
  • the secondary currents of CT 1 106 and CT 2 (107) are connected to the changeover switch 12 in the main unit 10A via the CT secondary wiring 108, and the changeover switch 12 is connected to the CT2 It is selected whether the CT secondary current received from the secondary wiring 108 is input to the current measuring circuit 13 in the own machine or transferred to the submaster 10B via the CT secondary wiring 109.
  • the change-over switch 12 has a normally closed contact (b contact) connected to the sub-master 10B side, and a normally open contact (a contact) connected to the current measuring circuit 13 in the own machine.
  • the change-over switch 12 inputs the secondary currents CT 1 and CT 2 to the current measurement circuit 13 in the own machine during normal operation of the power generation system 100, and also when the master unit communication is abnormal or the master unit electric circuit is abnormal. At the time of power failure or the like, the secondary currents CT 1 and CT 2 are transferred to the submaster 10B.
  • the communication driver 17 communicates with each slave including the sub master 10B and the slave 10C via the communication line 105.
  • the CPU 15 transmits an instruction signal for sequentially transmitting slave state information to each slave at regular intervals, for example, every 50 to 200 milliseconds (mS).
  • each slave transmits status information such as the current amount of generated power in the power generator of its own device, the output voltage of the power conditioner, the alarm occurrence status in the power conditioner, and the generation stoppage.
  • the CPU 15 sequentially receives the state information from each slave, the CPU 15 simultaneously transmits control information indicating a common power amount that each slave should generate.
  • the CPU 15 repeats a series of communications including transmission / reception and slave simultaneous transmission for each slave, for example, every second.
  • the inverter 16 converts the power generation voltage, the number of phases, and the phase of the power generation apparatus 11 ⁇ / b> A driven by the gas turbine 22 so as to match the supply voltage, the number of phases, and the phase from the commercial power system 103, and is directed to the local distribution line 102.
  • CPU15 controls the electric power generation amount of 11 A of electric power generating apparatuses by instruct
  • the inverter 16 periodically inputs to the CPU 15 state information such as the power supply amount of the power conditioner at that time, the supply voltage, the frequency, the alarm operating status, and the power generation stoppage.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the submaster 10B.
  • the difference from the base unit 10A shown in FIG. 2 is the configuration of the CT secondary wiring connected to the changeover switch 12, and the other configurations are the same as the base unit 10A.
  • the changeover switch 12 of the submaster 10B selects whether to input the CT secondary current transferred from the parent device 10A via the CT secondary wiring 109 to the current measurement circuit 13 in the own device or to simply short-circuit the CT.
  • the change-over switch 12 has a normally-open contact connected to the current measuring circuit 13 in its own machine, and a normally-closed contact is short-circuited outside the change-over switch 12.
  • the change-over switch 12 assumes that the electric circuit of its own device is normal, and automatically supplies the secondary current of CT 1 and CT 2 when the communication of the parent device 10A is abnormal or when an abnormality such as a power failure of the parent device 10A occurs.
  • the in-machine current measurement circuit 13 it is used to measure the received current at the interconnection point 101 on the submaster 10B side.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the slave unit 10C.
  • the configuration of the slave unit 10C is the same as the configuration of the master unit 10A and the sub master 10B, except that the selector switch 12 and the current measurement circuit 13 are not provided.
  • a duplicate description of the configuration of the slave unit 10C similar to the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is omitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the CPU 15 in the base unit 10A.
  • the function of the master CPU 15 is realized by a program recorded in a storage medium.
  • the program is created, for example, as a program common to the parent device 10A, the sub master 10B, and the child device 10C, and each power conditioner is set in the parent device 10A, the sub master 10B, or the child device 10C according to the initial setting determined by the input from the administrator. It is configured to be able to select which one to operate.
  • the master CPU 15 periodically receives inputs from the current measurement circuit 13 and the voltage measurement circuit 14 through the current value input unit 31 and the voltage value input unit 32, respectively.
  • the received power amount calculation unit 33 calculates the current received power amount from the current value and the voltage value received from the current value input unit 31 and the voltage value input unit 32, respectively.
  • the reverse power flow determination unit 34 determines whether or not a reverse power flow occurs based on the calculated received power amount and a preset set power amount.
  • the generated power amount calculation unit 35 calculates the generated power amount to be generated by the entire power generation system based on the determination result of the reverse power flow determination unit 34. That is, if the reverse power flow determination unit 34 determines that the current received power amount is greater than the set power amount, the generated power amount calculation unit 35 increases the generated power amount by a predetermined value from the current generated power amount. If the power flow determination unit 34 determines that the current received power amount is equal to or less than the set power amount, the power generation system 100 calculates the amount of power to be generated by reducing the generated power amount by the same predetermined value. .
  • Each machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 calculates the power generation amount to be allocated to each power conditioner based on the power amount calculated by the power generation power amount calculation unit 35 and the number of power conditioners operating at that time.
  • the calculation result of each power generation amount calculation unit 36 is notified to the communication control unit 37 and the power generation control unit 41.
  • the power generation control unit 41 controls the power conversion amount in the inverter 16 according to the notified power generation amount, thereby controlling the power generation amount of the power generator 11A.
  • the communication control unit 37 communicates with each slave including the sub master 10B and the slave 10C via the communication line 105 and the communication driver 17.
  • a command signal instructing to send information on the current power generation state to each of the slave sub-master 10B and the slave device 10C is transmitted from the parent device 10A, and in response to the command signal, the sub-master 10B and By repeating a series of transmissions and receptions in which each slave unit 10C transmits its own status information, and thereafter the master unit 10A transmits instruction information for notifying all of the sub-master 10B and the slave unit 10C of the amount of generated power common to the slave unit 10C. Executed.
  • the slave unit abnormality determining unit 38 When the slave unit abnormality determining unit 38 detects that a power generation stop abnormality has occurred in any of the slave units from the received state information, the slave unit abnormality determining unit 38 notifies each unit of power generation amount calculation unit 36 to that effect. Each machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 recalculates the power generation amount that each power generator should generate, except for the slave unit in which the abnormality has occurred.
  • the power generation control unit 41 monitors the operation state of the power generation device 11A and the inverter 16 of its own machine, and when an abnormal normal state that the operation is stopped occurs, notifies the machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 to that effect, Each machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 recalculates the power generation amount to be generated by each slave that is currently operating, except for the master unit in which the abnormality has occurred.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the base unit 10A monitors the communication state in the communication control unit 37.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 determines that a series of communications including transmission from the parent device to the communication line 105 by the communication control unit 37 and reception from each child device responding thereto is not continuously performed for a certain period of time. It is determined that the base unit communication is abnormal.
  • the master / slave switching unit 40 notifies the power generation control unit 41 to stop the inverter 16 and the power generation device 11A, and the CPU 15 changes from the master mode to the slave mode. The operation of the CPU 15 as a master is stopped.
  • the master / slave switching unit 40 further operates the changeover switch 12 to switch the CT secondary current to the submaster 10B side.
  • the block configuration of the CPU 15 of the submaster 10B is the same as the block configuration of the master CPU 15 shown in FIG. 5, and this fact will be clarified by the operation description of the submaster with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
  • the CPU 15 of the child device 10C includes the communication control unit 37 and the power generation control unit 41 shown in FIG. 5, and is clarified by the slave operation description referring to the flowchart of FIG.
  • the CPUs of the parent device 10A, the sub master 10B, and the child device 10C are all operated by the same program, and which of these is activated is determined by an operator's designation or the like at the time of power-on. Determined by setting.
  • the slave CPU program may be prepared separately from the master CPU and sub-master CPU programs.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing of the master CPU 15.
  • the CPU 15 When the power is turned on to the parent device 10A, the CPU 15 first sets the own device to the master mode by the initial setting (step A1).
  • the initial setting includes the number of submasters, the number of slave units, the set power amount, and the like.
  • the current value input unit 31 and the voltage value input unit 32 of the base unit CPU 15 respectively read the current value and the voltage value at the connection point (step A2).
  • the received power amount calculation unit 33 calculates the received power amount (commercial system power amount) from the input current value and voltage value (step A3).
  • the reverse power flow determination unit 34 determines whether or not the obtained received power amount is larger than the set power amount (step A4).
  • the power generation amount calculation unit 35 calculates the power generation amount to be generated by the entire power generation system according to the magnitude relationship between the power reception amount and the set power amount. If the received power amount is larger than the set power amount, the generated power amount calculation unit 35 increases the constant value from the power generation amount in the current power generation system (step A5). If the received power amount is smaller than or equal to the set power amount, the constant value is decreased from the power generation amount in the current power generation system (step A6).
  • Each machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 calculates the amount of power to be generated per power conditioner based on the amount of power calculated by the generated power amount calculation unit 35 and the number of power conditioners currently in operation (Ste A7).
  • the power generation amount of each machine determined by the calculation is transmitted to the power generation control unit 41 of the own machine. Further, the notification is also sent to the slave sub-master 10B and the slave 10C via the communication control unit 37, the communication driver 17, and the communication line 105 (step A8).
  • the inverter 16 of the own machine is controlled by the power generation control unit 41 according to the calculated power generation amount of each machine.
  • Each machine power generation amount calculation part 36 acquires the electric power generation state in each power conditioner (step A9). For example, when an abnormal state in which power generation of the power generator of the own device and the inverter 16 is stopped occurs, each power generation amount calculation unit 36 receives a notification from the power generation control unit 41. Further, when the slave unit abnormality determination unit 38 recognizes the stop abnormality from the power generation state of the generator obtained from the power generation control unit of each slave unit via the communication control unit 37, the communication driver 17, and the communication line 105, The machine power generation amount calculation unit 36 receives a notification to that effect from the slave unit abnormality determination unit 38.
  • Each machine power generation amount calculation part 36 determines whether the stop abnormality has generate
  • Steps A2 to A10 are the base unit normal processing routine M1.
  • step A10 If it is determined in step A10 that neither the slave unit abnormality determination unit 38 nor the power generation control unit 41 has detected the stop of the generator, the communication abnormality determination unit 39 has a problem with the communication function of the master unit. It is determined whether or not a base unit communication error has occurred (step A11). If it is determined in step A11 that no parent device communication abnormality has occurred, the process returns to step A2, and the parent device normal processing routine M1 including steps A2 to A10 is repeated. If it is determined in step A11 that a parent communication abnormality has occurred, the process proceeds to a parent communication abnormality processing routine M2.
  • the base unit communication abnormality is, for example, that the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the base unit CPU 15 determines that transmission from the communication control unit 37 has been stopped for one second or more.
  • the base unit communication is detected on the base unit 10A side. Is done.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 recognizes the base unit communication abnormality by receiving information from the sub master 10B that the base unit communication abnormality has occurred or information that the sub master operates as a master. It may be.
  • the current measurement circuit 13 of the parent device may recognize that the changeover switch 12 has been operated on the sub master side, and notify the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of this.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a routine M2 when the base unit communication is abnormal.
  • the master / slave switching unit 40 of the master unit CPU first stops the master mode of the master unit and instructs the power generation control unit 41 to stop the inverter 16 when a master unit communication abnormality occurs (step A21).
  • the master / slave switching unit 40 operates the switch 12 of the own device to switch the connection destination of the CT secondary wiring 108 from the current measuring circuit 13 of the own device to the sub master 10B side (step A22).
  • the changeover switch 12 of the submaster 10B also operates in accordance with the control from the master / slave switching unit 40 of the submaster CPU, and switches the connection destination of the CT secondary wiring 109 to the current measurement circuit 13 of the own device.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the parent CPU 15 determines at any time whether or not the communication function of the parent device has recovered from the abnormality in the parent device communication based on the operation status of the communication control unit 37 and the received content. (Step A23). If for some reason it recovers from the parent device communication abnormality, that is, if the communication abnormality determining unit 39 of the parent device CPU 15 determines that it has recovered from the parent device communication abnormality, the master / slave switching unit 40 moves the parent CPU 15 from the slave mode. The master mode is restored (step A24), and the CT secondary wiring 108 is switched again from the sub master side to the current measuring circuit 13 of the own device (step A25). Next, the process returns to step A2 of FIG. 6 and returns to the parent device normal processing routine M1 starting from reading of the power receiving current value and the voltage value.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing processing in the sub-master CPU 15.
  • the sub master CPU 15 When power is turned on to the power conditioner of the sub master 10B, the sub master CPU 15 is set to the slave mode by the initial setting at the start (step B1). Thereby, the submaster 10B operates as a slave unit power conditioner when the power is turned on.
  • the communication control unit 37 of the sub-master CPU 15 receives all communication transmitted to the communication line 105, passes the received communication directly to the communication abnormality determination unit 39, and the received communication is the master unit. It is determined whether the transmission is from (step B2).
  • step B2 If it is determined in step B2 that communication is occurring from the parent device 10A toward the communication line 105, the communication control unit 37 of the sub-master CPU 15 determines whether or not the communication is communication to the own device (step S2). B3). If the communication control unit 37 determines in step B3 that the communication from the parent device is communication to the own device, the communication control unit 37 also sends it to the power generation control unit 41. The power generation control unit 41 determines whether the received communication is a communication instructing a status report of the own device or a communication instructing the setting of the power generation amount of the own device (step B4).
  • step B4 If the determination result in step B4 is a state report instruction, the power generation control unit 41 reports the power generation state of the own device to the parent device via the communication control unit 37 (step B5). If the determination result in step B4 is an instruction to set the amount of generated power, the power generation control unit 41 sets the power generation amount of the own device according to the instruction (step B6), and controls the inverter 16 according to the set power amount.
  • the notification of the power generation state from the power generation control unit 41 to the parent device 10 ⁇ / b> A is sent to the communication line 105 following the timing when the parent device requests a status report from the sub master 10 ⁇ / b> B through the communication line 105. After steps B5 and B6, the process returns to step B2.
  • step B2 if the communication control unit 37 cannot recognize communication from the parent device 10A to the communication line 105, the communication abnormality determination unit 39 measures the time during which communication from the parent device does not continue.
  • the communication state of the master unit is monitored (step B7).
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 determines that a parent device communication abnormality has occurred when communication from the parent device to the communication line 105 does not occur continuously for, for example, one second or more (step B8). If no base unit communication abnormality has occurred in step B8, the process returns to step B2, and the communication abnormality determination unit 39 further monitors communication transmitted from the base unit 10A to the communication line 105.
  • step B8 when the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the sub-master CPU 15 determines that a parent device communication abnormality has occurred, the master / slave switching unit 40 first operates the changeover switch 12 to connect the CT secondary wiring 109 to its own device. Switch to the current measurement circuit 13 side (step B9), and then set the own device to the master mode (step B10). Thereby, the sub master CPU 15 operates as a master CPU for controlling the slave power conditioner in accordance with the parent device normal processing routine M1 shown in FIG. 6 instead of the parent device CPU.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the sub-master CPU 15 determines whether or not a recovery from the parent apparatus communication abnormality is made based on the monitoring result of the communication line 105 following each loop of the normal processing routine M1 (step B11). In the determination of recovery from the communication abnormality, when it is determined that normal communication is transmitted from the parent device to the communication line 105, it is determined that the parent device communication is recovered. If the communication abnormality determination unit 39 determines that the parent communication abnormality has not recovered in step B11, the sub-master CPU 15 continues the operation as the master CPU according to the parent normal processing routine M1.
  • the master / slave switching unit 40 When the communication transmitted from the parent device to the communication line 105 returns to normal for some reason and the communication abnormality determining unit 39 determines that the parent device communication abnormality is recovered in step B11, the master / slave switching unit 40 firstly The own switch 20 is operated to switch the CT secondary wiring 109 to the short circuit side (step B12), and then the own CPU 15 is operated again in the slave mode (step B13).
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing processing in the CPU 15 of the child device 10C.
  • the slave CPU 15 is set to the slave mode by the initial setting at the start when the power is turned on to the power conditioner (step C1).
  • the communication control unit 37 of the child CPU 15 determines whether or not the communication transmitted to the communication line 105 is communication from the parent device 10A to the own device (step C2). If it is determined in step C2 that the communication is not to the own device, the process waits as it is.
  • step C3 determines whether the communication to the own device is a communication instructing the status report of the own device or an instruction to set the generated power amount of the own device (step C3). If the determination result in step C3 is a state report instruction, the power generation control unit 41 reports its power generation state to the master unit 10A or the submaster 10B operating as a master at that time (step C4). . If the determination result in step C3 is an instruction for setting the amount of generated power, the generated power amount of the own device is set according to the instruction (step C5), and the inverter 16 is controlled accordingly.
  • step C4 or C5 the process returns to step C2 to monitor the occurrence of new communication.
  • the power generation state report from the power generation control unit 41 to the master is executed subsequent to the timing at which the master requests a state report to the own device through the communication line 105.
  • the secondary current of the current transformers (CT 1 , CT 2 ) having the received current as the primary current is supplied to the master power conditioner 10A side and the sub-master / power conditioner 10B side.
  • a changeover switch 12 (FIG. 2) capable of switching the secondary current of the current transformer between the second switching position to be supplied is installed, and a failure occurs in communication sent from the main unit power conditioner 10A to the communication line. Then, the selector switch 12 is switched from the first switching position to the second switching position. By doing so, it becomes possible to calculate the amount of received power from the secondary current of the current transformer on the sub master / power conditioner 10B side, and based on this, the amount of generated power of the power conditioner of each slave unit can be calculated. .
  • the submaster power conditioner 10B can notify the amount of power to be generated by the child device power conditioner 10C instead of the parent device power conditioner 10A, and the target generated power amount can be controlled. In this way, even if a communication failure occurs in the master unit power conditioner, it is not necessary to stop the slave unit power conditioner, enabling the desired power generation amount control and power consumption by increasing the amount of received power on the consumer side. It is possible to prevent the fee from increasing.
  • a serial communication system for example, an RS485 communication system
  • RS485 communication system communication within the communication line is controlled by the occurrence of communication from the base unit 10A. That is, when communication occurs from the parent device, only communication that responds to the communication is valid, and other communication is blocked by the communication driver 17 of each device.
  • this RS485 communication system in the case of a power generation system including, for example, a maximum of 20 power conditioners, a communication distance of up to about 1200 m is possible.
  • Other usable communication methods include, for example, RS232C, CAN communication system, and the like.
  • the power generation system of the above-described embodiment is suitably used for a shopping center including a plurality of stores in a site, for example.
  • a power generation system including up to about 20 power conditioners including one master unit, one submaster, and one to 18 slave units. These power conditioners are preferably arranged adjacent to loads in each store.
  • the number of power conditioners corresponding to the number of stores opened at that time is installed, and the number of power conditioners is increased in response to the increase of stores.
  • Two or more submasters may be arranged as necessary. In this case, a rank is set between the submasters.
  • the master unit when 20 power conditioners are installed, the master unit performs polling via the communication line every 50 milliseconds (ms), for example, and sequentially issues communication commands to the slave including the sub master and each slave unit. Issue a power conditioner status report from each slave. After issuing a communication command to the last slave and receiving a status report from the slave, the entire slave is notified of the amount of power to be generated by each power conditioner. In this way, the master unit can receive a status report from the entire slave and give simultaneous instructions to them every second.
  • the communication interval of each slave is adjusted by the initial setting of the CPU, and the communication cycle at the time of opening is adjusted to the same 1 second as the cycle after the addition.
  • the sub-master When the sub-master detects a master communication error and operates as the master, if communication from the master to the communication line is restored, the sub-master recovers its communication from the communication status of the master transmitted to the communication line. Is detected and autonomously returns to the slave.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 of the sub-master CPU 15 determines that a failure of a certain level or more has occurred in the parent device communication, it determines that a parent device communication abnormality has occurred, and includes this in the parent device communication abnormality bit. May be sent to.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 that detects an abnormality in the parent device communication from the communication line 105 or the communication control unit 37 and the changeover switch 12 that switches the connection of the CT secondary wirings 108 and 109 are replaced with the parent device 10A and the submaster 10B.
  • the example provided in both is shown.
  • the present invention is not limited to the example of this embodiment.
  • a communication abnormality determination unit 39 that determines communication abnormality from the communication control unit 37 is installed only in the parent device.
  • the changeover switch 12 is installed in the parent device 10A, and when the parent device 10A detects a communication abnormality, the changeover switch 12 is switched to the submaster side.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 detects a communication abnormality of the parent device 10A based on the transferred CT secondary current.
  • the changeover switch that can be switched between the first switching position for supplying the secondary current of CT to the master unit 10A and the second switching position for supplying the submaster 10B (own device) to the submaster 10B. It is good also as providing.
  • the first switching position is selected and the secondary current of CT is supplied to the master unit 10A, and when the communication of the master unit is abnormal, the secondary switching position is switched to supply the secondary current of CT to the submaster 10B. You may make it do.
  • the master unit 10A and the submaster 10B only have a function of calculating the generated power amount and transmitting it to the slave unit 10C to adjust the generated power amount of the slave unit.
  • the power generator and the power conditioner itself are not necessarily included. It is not essential to install in the master unit and the submaster, or to control the generated power amount on the master unit and the submaster side in the same manner as the slave unit.
  • a changeover switch is also provided on the submaster side.
  • a CT secondary wiring is provided by operating the changeover switch of the master unit without providing a changeover switch on the submaster side.
  • a configuration in which a current measuring circuit on the submaster side is immediately connected is also possible.
  • the communication abnormality determination unit 39 and the changeover switch 12 may be installed only on the sub master side.
  • an example is shown in which one threshold is used for detecting the reverse power flow when detecting the reverse power flow.
  • an upper limit value and a lower limit value may be used as the threshold value.
  • the generated power amount is increased by a predetermined value to decrease the received power amount, and when the received power amount is lower than the lower limit value, the generated power amount is decreased by a predetermined value to receive power amount.
  • the received power amount is between the upper limit value and the lower limit value
  • the lower limit value may be set a predetermined value above the zero power value at which reverse power flow actually occurs.
  • a threshold value for the set power amount may be determined regardless of the occurrence of reverse power flow.
  • the status report received by the master unit from the slave may include, for example, the power generation frequency in each power conditioner, the power generation amount, inverter failure, and nearby load status in addition to the power conditioner stop.
  • the master unit receives the power generation status of each slave unit, the current received power amount, the current power generation amount of the power generation system, the load status in the vicinity of each slave unit, the accumulated operating time and startup frequency of the stored slave units In consideration of an operation history including “”, different power generation amounts may be individually notified to each slave unit. In addition, a stop command or the like can be given to a specific slave unit according to a nearby load situation.
  • the power generators constituting the power generation system may adopt different power generation capacities or different power generation methods.
  • the generator and the heat pump are commonly driven by the gas turbine.
  • the operation of the generator is not limited to such an example, and a generator that generates power by an arbitrary power generation method can be employed.
  • a power conditioner may generate
  • the power conditioner may have a function of adjusting the power supplied from the power generation device.
  • the present invention is not limited to this example.
  • different power generation amounts may be set and assigned to each machine in consideration of the power generation capacity, power generation cost, operation frequency, operation time, load density at each point, and the like.

Abstract

Le problème de l'invention est de commander la quantité d'électricité générée dans une pluralité de dispositifs de génération d'électricité dans un système de génération d'électricité dans lequel une pluralité de dispositifs de génération d'électricité sont connectés en parallèle les uns aux autres et interconnectés avec un système électrique commercial, même lorsqu'une communication avec une unité maître qui commande les autres unités échoue. La solution selon l'invention concerne un système de génération d'électricité (100) comprenant un inverseur qui commute un câblage secondaire CT (108, 109) pour mesurer le courant provenant du circuit de mesure de courant d'une unité maître (10A) ou du circuit de mesure de courant d'un sous-maître (10B). Si une communication provenant de l'unité maître (10A) avec une ligne de communication (105) est coupée, l'inverseur commute le circuit de mesure de courant sur le côté de sous-maître (10B), le sous-maître (10B) calcule le courant reçu à partir de l'électricité reçue, calcule la quantité d'électricité générée par chaque unité asservie (10C), et attribue une quantité de génération d'électricité à chaque unité esclave (10C) en fonction du résultat de calcul.
PCT/JP2013/006904 2012-11-30 2013-11-25 Système de génération d'électricité et son procédé de commande WO2014083832A1 (fr)

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