WO2014071792A1 - 多径合并方法、装置及移动通信系统 - Google Patents
多径合并方法、装置及移动通信系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014071792A1 WO2014071792A1 PCT/CN2013/085191 CN2013085191W WO2014071792A1 WO 2014071792 A1 WO2014071792 A1 WO 2014071792A1 CN 2013085191 W CN2013085191 W CN 2013085191W WO 2014071792 A1 WO2014071792 A1 WO 2014071792A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
- H04B1/7115—Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
- H04B1/712—Weighting of fingers for combining, e.g. amplitude control or phase rotation using an inner loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
- H04B1/7115—Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a multipath combining method, apparatus, and mobile communication system. Background technique
- the mobile terminal and the communication base station transmit signals through multipath
- the mobile terminal communicates with the communication base station
- the time difference reaches 0.26 micrometers (us) or more
- the communication base station can distinguish the multipath. Components, and can be combined together.
- the diversity technology means that the communication base station simultaneously receives multiple fading-unrelated signals, and combines these uncorrelated multipath signals to obtain diversity gain, so that better demodulation capability can be obtained.
- the diversity technique combines the signal energy of different branches by combining, the selective method mainly includes selective combining, equal gain combining and maximum ratio combining, wherein the maximum ratio combining can obtain a better combining effect than the other two combining modes;
- a fixed weighting coefficient is set for each receiving branch, and when the communication service is performed, the communication signal received by the branch is weighted by the set weighting coefficient; however, the setting is fixed.
- the method of weighting coefficients has such a problem: if the weighting coefficient of a certain branch is large, and the branch does not receive a signal or the signal is weak, the final combining effect is greatly reduced, and the user experience is reduced.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a multipath merging method, apparatus, and mobile communication system.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a multipath receiving and merging method, where the multipath receiving and merging method includes: Selecting the branch receiving the communication signal in turn;
- a maximum ratio combining of the communication signals received by the branches is performed using the weighting coefficients of the branches.
- said channel parameters comprise channel types and/or channel patterns of channels on which said branches are located.
- the channel estimation of the communication signal received by the branch according to the channel parameter of the branch includes:
- performing channel estimation on the communication signal received by the branch, and using the obtained channel estimation value as a weighting coefficient of the branch includes:
- Rough channel estimation is performed on the communication signal after descrambling and despreading, and a rough channel estimation value is obtained;
- the corresponding rough channel estimation value is used as the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- the rough channel estimation value includes a pilot coarse channel estimation value and a non-pilot rough channel estimation value
- a channel mode of the channel where the branch is located includes a pilot mode and a non-pilot mode
- the basis The channel mode of the channel in which the branch is located, and the corresponding rough channel estimation value as the weighting coefficient of the branch including:
- the pilot rough channel estimation value is used as the weighting coefficient of the branch;
- the non-pilot is coarsened
- the channel estimate is used as a weighting factor for the branch.
- performing channel estimation on the communication signal received by the branch includes:
- Accurate channel estimation is performed on the descrambled and despread communication signal to obtain an accurate channel estimation value.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a multipath receiving and merging method, where the channel type is a branch of a high-speed dedicated physical control channel, where the multipath receiving and merging method includes:
- a maximum ratio combining of the communication signals received by the branches is performed using the determined weighting coefficients of the branches.
- determining, according to whether the branch is in a Boosting channel mode determining a weighting coefficient of the branch, including:
- the ratio parameter sent by the external device is received as a weighting coefficient of the branch
- the communication signal received by the branch is descrambled and despreaded, and the channel after the descrambling and despreading process is accurately channel-estimated, and the obtained accurate channel is obtained.
- the estimated value is used as a weighting factor for the branch.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a multipath receiving and merging device;
- the multipath receiving and merging device includes a communication signal receiving module, a weighting coefficient calculating module and a multipath merging module which are sequentially connected;
- the communication signal receiving module is configured to receive a communication signal sent by the mobile terminal through multiple branches;
- the weighting coefficient calculation module is configured to perform channel estimation by using the communication signal received by the branch according to the channel parameter of the branch, and use the obtained channel estimation value as a weighting coefficient of the branch;
- the multipath combining module configured to perform maximum ratio combining on the communication signals received by the branches according to weighting coefficients of the branches.
- the weighting coefficient calculation module includes a reading unit, a demodulation unit, and a calculation unit connected in sequence;
- the reading unit is configured to read channel parameters of the branch
- the demodulation unit is configured to perform descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch according to the channel parameter;
- the calculating unit is configured to perform channel estimation on the communication signal processed by the demodulation unit, and obtain the obtained channel estimation value as a weighting coefficient of the branch.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a mobile communication system, where the mobile communication system includes at least one mobile terminal and at least one communication base station, where the communication base station includes the multipath receiving and combining device described above;
- the base station receives and processes the communication signal transmitted by the mobile terminal by using the multipath receiving and combining device.
- the weighting coefficient of the branch is determined according to the channel parameter of the branch and the communication signal received by the branch, so that the determined weighting coefficient can be related to the channel parameter of the branch, and the The change of the communication signal received by the branch is synchronized, which has a better combining effect than the combination scheme of the fixed weighting coefficients in the related art.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication base station 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multipath receiving and combining device 111 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a weighting coefficient calculating module 1112 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a multipath combining module 1113 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart 1 of a multipath receiving and combining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a second flowchart of a multipath receiving and combining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- a fixed weighting coefficient is set for the branch to achieve maximum ratio combining, and the combining method has the following problems: If a branch is set with weighting coefficient If the signal is not received or the signal is weak, the final combining effect will be significantly reduced, and the user experience will be reduced.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide a multipath combining method, device and mobile communication system; the present invention will be explained in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
- a mobile communication system 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a mobile communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one communication base station 11 and at least one mobile terminal that performs communication services with the communication base station 11. 12; Among them,
- the communication signal is transmitted through at least two branches; the transmitted communication signal includes a pilot communication signal, a non-pilot communication signal, etc., and the mobile terminal 12 can be a mobile phone or a palmtop computer.
- a device such as (PDA); it is foreseen that a plurality of communication base stations 11 can also communicate with each other.
- the communication base station 11 includes a multipath receiving and combining device 111 and a body 112.
- the main body 112 is configured to implement basic communication functions of the communication base station 11, such as receiving communication signals, relay communication signals, and the like;
- the multipath receiving and combining device 111 is configured to combine the communication signals received by the branches And; the communication base station 11 receives and processes the communication signal transmitted by the mobile terminal 12 by the multipath reception combining means 111.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multipath receiving and combining device 111 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the multipath receiving and combining device 111 includes a communication signal receiving module 1111, a weighting coefficient calculating module 1112, and a multipath combining module that are sequentially connected. 1113; Among them,
- the communication signal receiving module 1111 is configured to receive the communication signal sent by the mobile terminal 12 through multiple branches; the channel parameters of the multiple branches may be the same or different, and may be set by the mobile communication system or manually set;
- the weighting coefficient calculation module 1112 is configured to calculate, according to the channel parameters of the branch, a weighting coefficient of the branch by using a communication signal received by the branch;
- the multipath combining module 1113 is configured to perform maximum ratio combining on the communication signals received by the wife according to the weighting coefficients of the branches.
- the communication signal receiving module 1111 can be implemented by a receiver in the multipath receiving and combining device 111;
- the weighting coefficient calculation module 1112 and the multipath combining module 1113 may be programmable by a central processing unit (CPU, Central Signal Processor) or a digital signal processor (DSP) in the multipath receiving and combining device 111.
- CPU Central Signal Processor
- DSP digital signal processor
- Gate array FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array
- the weighting coefficient calculation module 1112 includes a reading unit 11121, a demodulation unit 11122, and a calculation unit 11123 connected in sequence;
- the reading unit 11121 is configured to read the channel parameters of the branch, and transmit the channel parameters to the demodulation unit 11122;
- the demodulation unit 11122 is configured to perform descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch according to the channel parameter read by the reading unit 11121, and transmit the processed communication signal to the calculation.
- the calculating unit 11123 is configured to perform channel estimation on the communication signal processed by the demodulation unit 11122, and use the obtained channel estimation value as the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- the channel parameters described in this embodiment include parameters such as channel type and/or channel mode of the channel in which the branch is located.
- the reading unit 11121 and the computing unit 11123 can be implemented by a CPU, a DSP or an FPGA in the multipath receiving and combining device 111;
- the demodulation unit 11122 can be implemented by a demodulator in the multipath reception combining device 111. How to determine the weighting coefficient, an embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment in which the computing unit 11123 determines the weighting coefficients of the branch by:
- the frequency domain pilot demodulation reference signal and the local frequency domain pilot demodulation reference signal in the received communication signal are used to obtain M frequency domain channel estimation values of the communication user at the pilot position, where M is a pilot subcarrier. total;
- R values are extracted from M frequency domain channel estimation values, and M frequency domain channel estimation values are expanded by using the extracted R values to obtain (M+R) frequency domain channel estimation values, where R is phase An integer multiple of the number of users carried on the same frequency resource block;
- the (M+R) time domain channel estimation values are denoised by the channel estimation window of the communication user, and the (M+R) time domain channel estimation values after noise reduction are obtained;
- Transforming the (M+R) time domain channel estimation values after noise reduction into the frequency domain extracting channel estimation values on the effective subcarriers from the frequency domain channel estimation values, and using the extracted channel estimation values as the branches Weighting factor.
- the weighting system is further utilized.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment for the multi-path combining module 1113 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Schematic diagram, as shown in FIG. 5, the multipath combining module 1113 includes a multiply adding unit 11131, a selecting unit 11132, a merging unit 11133, and an output unit 11134;
- the multiply and add unit 11131 is configured to perform a complex multiplication and addition process on the weighting coefficient calculated by the calculating unit 11123 and the communication signal received by the branch, and transmit the obtained communication signal to the selecting unit 11132 for selection;
- the selecting unit 11132 is configured to select a real part or an imaginary part of the communication signal according to the channel parameter of the branch; for example, when the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is a Dedicated Physical Control CHannel type In the case of the channel, because the communication signal is on the Q path, the imaginary part of the communication signal is selected; similarly, when the channel type of the channel on which the branch is located is an Enhanced-Dedicated Physical Control CHannel (E-DPCCH) Type, because the communication signal is on the I path, select the real part of the communication signal; when the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the High Speed Dedicated Physical Control CHannel (HS-DPCCH), the communication signal is on the Q road. , selecting the imaginary part of the communication signal;
- E-DPCCH Enhanced-Dedicated Physical Control CHannel
- the merging unit 11132 is configured to accumulate all the communication signals selected by the selecting unit 11132, and transmit the accumulated result to the output unit 11134;
- the output unit 11134 is configured to perform the truncation and saturation processing on the accumulated result transmitted by the merging unit 11132, and output the maximum ratio combining symbol of the specified bit width, thereby completing the maximum ratio combining operation of the communication channel.
- the multiply-add unit 11131, the selecting unit 11132, the merging unit 11133, and the output unit 11134 may be implemented by a CPU, a DSP, or an FPGA in the multipath receiving and combining device 111. It is to be understood that the functional modules in the above embodiments may be combined and/or replaced with each other without conflicting with each other, and all the embodiments formed by the embodiments are the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart 1 of a multipath receiving and merging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the multipath receiving and merging method includes the following steps:
- Step 601 The mobile terminal communicates with the communication base station.
- Step 602 The communication base station receives the communication signal sent by the mobile terminal by using at least two branches.
- the communication base station calculates the number of branches used by receiving the communication signal sent by the mobile terminal to meet the communication performance index according to the processing capability and the running cost.
- the communication base station transmits the mobile terminal through the eight branches.
- the communication signal will be described as an example.
- Step 603 The communication base station sequentially selects a branch that receives the mobile terminal to send a communication signal. Wherein, when the branches of the communication signal are sequentially received, the communication base station randomly selects, or sequentially selects the weighting coefficients of the previous communication from large to small; since each branch is selected to determine the corresponding weighting coefficient, Therefore, the order in which the branches are selected does not affect the final output.
- Step 604 The communication base station reads channel parameters of the branch.
- the channel parameter includes a channel type and/or a channel mode of a channel where the branch is located, and the channel type includes a channel type such as DPCCH, HS-DPCCH, and E-DPCCH, and the channel mode includes a Boosting mode and a non-Boosting mode of the HS-DPCCH, and a DPCCH channel. Pilot mode and non-pilot mode, etc.
- Step 605 The communication base station determines a weighting coefficient of the branch in the current communication.
- the communication base station determines a weighting coefficient of the branch in the current communication according to a channel parameter of the branch and a communication signal received by the branch.
- Step 606 The communication base station separately receives the branch according to the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- the communication signals are subjected to maximum ratio combining.
- step 605 is implemented by the following steps:
- Channel estimation is performed on the descrambled and despread communication signal, and the obtained channel estimation value is used as a weighting coefficient of the branch.
- step 605 is further described below in conjunction with different channel types:
- step 605 when the channel type of the channel on which the branch is located is a DPCCH channel, in a preferred embodiment of step 605,
- Rough channel estimation is performed on the communication signal after descrambling and despreading processing
- a corresponding rough channel estimation value is selected as the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- the channel mode of the branch when the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is a DPCCH channel, the channel mode of the branch includes a pilot mode and a non-pilot mode; when the channel mode is a pilot mode, the pilot rough channel estimation value is selected. As a weighting coefficient of the branch; when the channel mode is the non-pilot mode, the non-pilot rough channel estimation value is selected as the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- step 605 when the channel type of the channel in which the selected branch is located is an E-DPCCH channel, in a preferred embodiment of step 605,
- the resulting accurate channel estimate is taken as the weighting factor for the branch.
- step 605 When the channel type of the channel in which the selected branch is located is the HS-DPCCH channel, in a preferred embodiment of step 605,
- Determining whether the branch is in a Boosting channel mode If yes, the ratio parameter sent by the external device is received as a weighting coefficient of the branch; otherwise, the communication signal received by the branch is descrambled and despreaded, and the communication signal after descrambling and despreading is processed. Accurate channel estimation is performed, and the obtained accurate channel estimation value is used as the weighting coefficient of the branch.
- the communication base station receives the communication signals sent by the mobile terminal through eight branches, which are respectively recorded as L1, L2, and L3 L8.
- the branches can be divided into five types according to different branch channel parameters, that is, types A: The channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the DPCCH channel, and the corresponding channel mode is the pilot mode; Type B: the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the DPCCH channel, and the corresponding channel mode is the non-pilot mode; Type C: The channel type of the channel where the road is located is the E-DPCCH channel; Type D: the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the HS-DPCCH channel, and the corresponding channel mode is the Boosting mode; Type E: The channel type of the channel where the branch is located is HS-DPCCH The channel and corresponding channel mode are non-Boosting mode.
- types A The channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the DPCCH channel, and the corresponding channel mode is the pilot mode
- Type B the channel type of the channel where the branch is located is the DPCCH channel, and the corresponding channel mode is the non-pilot mode
- Type C The channel type of the
- the amplitudes of the signals input by the eight branches received by the communication base station are: Rl, R2, R3, R4 R7, R8; the amplitude of the combined signal output by the multipath receiving and combining device is R:
- R K1 *R1+K2*R2+... +K8*R8; K1 to K8 in this formula are the weighting coefficients corresponding to the eight branches R1 to R8, respectively.
- FIG. 7 is a second flowchart of a multipath receiving and combining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the determining process of the weighting coefficient includes the following steps:
- Step 701 The communication base station receives the communication signal sent by the mobile terminal through eight branches.
- Step 702 Select one of the eight branches in turn.
- Step 703 Read the channel parameters of the selected branch i, and select a calculation mode.
- the corresponding calculation manner is: performing descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch, and performing rough channel estimation on the descrambled and despread communication signal, and the obtained a pilot coarse channel estimate as a weighting factor of the branch;
- the corresponding calculation manner is: performing descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch, and performing rough channel estimation on the descrambled and despread communication signal, and the obtained a non-pilot rough channel estimate as a weighting coefficient of the branch;
- the corresponding calculation manner is: performing descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch, and performing accurate channel estimation on the descrambled and despread communication signal, and selecting the precision a channel estimation value as a weighting coefficient of the branch;
- the corresponding calculation manner is: receiving a comparison parameter sent by the external device as a weighting coefficient of the branch;
- the corresponding calculation manner is: performing descrambling and despreading processing on the communication signal received by the branch, and performing accurate channel estimation on the descrambled and despread communication signal, and the obtained The exact channel estimate is used as the weighting factor for the branch.
- Step 704 Calculate a weighting coefficient Ki of the branch i according to the selected calculation manner.
- Step 705 Multiply and calculate the communication signal of the branch i and the weighting coefficient Ki to obtain a complex number.
- Step 706 Select a real part or an imaginary part in the obtained complex number according to the channel parameter.
- the imaginary part in the complex number is selected as the cumulative sum factor
- the branch of the channel type E-DPCCH channel due to The obtained complex communication signal is on the I path, and the real part of the complex number is selected as the cumulative sum factor
- Step 707 Accumulate and calculate the selected 8 real or imaginary parts.
- Step 708 Perform truncation and saturation processing on the accumulation sum result, and output multipath reception and merge result.
- the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following significant advancements:
- the weighting coefficient of the branch is determined according to the channel parameter of the branch and the communication signal received by the branch, and therefore, the determined weighting coefficient is synchronized with the channel parameter of the branch and the change of the received communication signal, and the correlation is
- the consolidation scheme of fixed weighting coefficients in the technology has a better consolidation effect.
- modules or steps of the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed in a network composed of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
- the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module.
- embodiments of the present invention are not limited to any particular The combination of hardware and software.
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供了多径合并方法、装置及移动通信系统，以解决当前多径接收合并技术中不能动态设定所述支路加权系数的问题。所述装置包括：配置为通过多个支路接收移动终端发送通信信号的通信信号接收模块，配置为依次根据所述支路的信道参数及所述支路接收的通信信号计算所述支路加权系数的加权系数计算模块，及配置为根据所述支路的加权系数对接收到的通信信号进行最大比合并的多径合并模块。本发明实施例所提供的技术方案，比相关技术中固定加权系数的合并方案具有更佳的合并效果，提升了用户的使用体验。
Description
多径合并方法、 装置及移动通信系统 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术， 尤其涉及多径合并方法、 装置及移动通信 系统。 背景技术
由于移动终端与通信基站之间通过多径传输信号， 当移动终端与通信 基站进行通信过程中，信号到达通信基站会存在时间差， 当时间差达到 0.26 微米（us ) 以上， 通信基站就能够区分多径分量， 并可以将其合并在一起。 分集技术就是指通信基站同时接收多个衰落不相关的信号， 对这些不相关 的多径信号进行合并获得分集增益， 可以获得更好的解调能力。
分集技术通过将不同支路的信号能量进行合并累加， 合并方式主要包 括选择性合并、 等增益合并和最大比合并， 其中， 最大比合并可以获得比 其他两种合并方式更好的合并效果； 在进行合并累加时， 为每一个接收支 路都设定固定的加权系数， 在通信业务进行时， 利用设定的加权系数对此 支路接收的通信信号进行加权计算； 但是， 这种设定固定加权系数的方式 存在这样的问题： 如某其中某一支路的加权系数很大、 且所述支路没有接 收到信号或信号很弱时， 会大大降低最后的合并效果， 降低用户的使用体 验。 发明内容
为了解决相关技术中设定固定加权系数的方式导致的支路信号合并效 果差的问题， 本发明实施例提供了多径合并方法、 装置及移动通信系统。
本发明实施例提供了一种多径接收合并方法， 所述多径接收合并方法 包括：
依次选取接收通信信号的支路；
根据所述支路的信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数；
利用所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行最大比 合并。
优选地， 所述信道参数包括所述支路所在信道的信道类型和 /或信道模 式。
优选地， 所述根据所述支路的信道参数对所述支路接收的通信信号进 行信道估计， 包括：
读取所述支路的信道参数；
根据所述信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理； 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行信道估计， 得到所述支路的信道估 计值。
优选地， 当所述支路的信道类型为专用物理控制信道时， 所述对所述 支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的 加权系数， 包括：
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行粗糙信道估计， 得到粗糙信道估计 值；
根据所述支路所在信道的信道模式， 将相应的粗糙信道估计值作为所 述支路的加权系数。
优选地， 所述粗糙信道估计值包括导频粗糙信道估计值和非导频粗糙 信道估计值， 所述支路所在信道的信道模式包括导频模式和非导频模式； 相应地， 所述根据所述支路所在信道的信道模式， 将相应的粗糙信道 估计值作为所述支路的加权系数， 包括：
当支路所在信道的信道模式为导频模式时， 将导频粗糙信道估计值作 为所述支路的加权系数； 当支路所在信道的信道模式为非导频模式时， 将 非导频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
优选地， 当所述支路所在信道的信道类型为增强专用物理控制信道时， 所述对所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 包括：
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计， 得到精确信道估计 值。
针对信道类型为高速专用物理控制信道的支路， 本发明实施例还提供 了一种多径接收合并方法， 所述多径接收合并方法包括：
依次选取接收通信信号的支路；
根据所述支路所在信道是否处于增强（Boosting )信道模式， 确定所述 支路的加权系数；
利用所确定的所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行 最大比合并。
优选地， 所述根据所述支路是否处于 Boosting信道模式， 确定所述支 路的加权系数， 包括：
所述支路所在信道处于 Boosting信道模式时， 接收外部设备下发的比 例参数作为所述支路的加权系数；
所述支路所在信道未处于 Boosting信道模式时， 对所述支路接收到的 通信信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道 估计， 将得到的精确信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
本发明实施例还提供了一种多径接收合并装置； 所述多径接收合并装 置包括依次连接的通信信号接收模块、 加权系数计算模块和多径合并模块； 其中，
所述通信信号接收模块， 配置为通过多个支路接收移动终端发送的通 信信号；
所述加权系数计算模块， 配置为依次根据所述支路的信道参数， 利用 所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支 路的加权系数；
所述多径合并模块。 配置为根据所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接 收到的通信信号进行最大比合并。
优选地， 所述加权系数计算模块包括依次连接的读取单元、 解调单元 及计算单元； 其中，
所述读取单元， 配置为读取所述支路的信道参数；
所述解调单元， 配置为根据信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进 行解扰解扩处理；
所述计算单元， 配置为对所述解调单元处理后的通信信号进行信道估 计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
相应地， 本发明实施例还提供了一种移动通信系统， 所述移动通信系 统包括至少一个移动终端及至少一个通信基站， 所述通信基站包括以上所 述的多径接收合并装置； 所述通信基站利用多径接收合并装置接收并处理 所述移动终端发送的通信信号。
本发明实施例中， 支路的加权系数根据所述支路的信道参数及所述支 路接收的通信信号确定， 如此， 所确定的加权系数能够与所述支路的信道 参数、 以及所述支路接收的通信信号的变化同步， 比相关技术中固定加权 系数的合并方案具有更佳的合并效果。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例中的移动终端系统 1的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例中通信基站 11的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明实施例中多径接收合并装置 111的结构示意图； 图 4为本发明实施例中的加权系数计算模块 1112的结构示意图； 图 5为本发明实施例中的多径合并模块 1113的结构示意图；
图 6为本发明实施例中多径接收合并方法的流程图一；
图 7为本发明实施例中多径接收合并方法的流程图二。 具体实施方式
在当前移动通信领域所利用的多径接收合并技术中， 对支路是采用设 置固定加权系数的方式以实现最大比合并， 这种合并方式存在以下问题： 如某一支路被设置的加权系数很大， 且所述支路没有接收到信号或信号很 弱时， 会明显降低最后的合并效果， 降低用户的使用体验； 为了解决这种 针对支路设定固定加权系数带来的问题， 本发明实施例提供了多径合并方 法、 装置及移动通信系统； 下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明做诠释 说明。
图 1为本发明实施例中移动通信系统 1的结构示意图， 如图 1所示， 本发明实施例提供的移动通信系统 1包括至少一个通信基站 11及至少一个 与通信基站 11进行通信业务的移动终端 12; 其中，
移动终端 12与通信基站 11进行通信业务时， 至少通过二个支路进行 通信信号的传输； 传输的通信信号包括导频通信信号、 非导频通信信号等， 移动终端 12可以是手机、 掌上电脑（PDA )等设备； 可以预见的是， 多个 通信基站 11之间也是可以相互通信的。
其中，图 2为本发明实施例中通信基站 11的结构示意图，如图 2所示， 通信基站 11包括多径接收合并装置 111及本体 112; 其中，
本体 112， 配置为实现通信基站 11的基本通信功能， 如接收通信信号、 中转通信信号等；
多径接收合并装置 111， 配置为对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行合
并；通信基站 11利用多径接收合并装置 111接收并处理移动终端 12发送的 通信信号。
图 3为本发明实施例中多径接收合并装置 111 的结构示意图， 如图 3 所示， 多径接收合并装置 111 包括依次连接的通信信号接收模块 1111、 加 权系数计算模块 1112和多径合并模块 1113; 其中，
通信信号接收模块 1111，配置为通过多个支路接收移动终端 12发送的 通信信号； 所述多个支路的信道参数可以相同， 也可以不同， 由移动通信 系统自行设置或人工设置；
加权系数计算模块 1112， 配置为依次根据所述支路的信道参数， 利用 所述支路接收的通信信号计算所述支路的加权系数；
多径合并模块 1113， 配置为根据所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支 妻 收到的通信信号进行最大比合并。
实际应用中， 所述通信信号接收模块 1111可由所述多径接收合并装置 111中的接收机实现；
所述加权系数计算模块 1112、 多径合并模块 1113可由所述多径接收合 并装置 111中的中央处理器（CPU， Central Processing Unit )、 数字信号处 理器（DSP， Digital Signal Processor )或现场可编程门阵列 （FPGA， Field Programmable Gate Array ) 实现。
图 4为本发明实施例中加权系数计算模块 1112的结构示意图， 如图 4 所示， 加权系数计算模块 1112包括依次连接的读取单元 11121、 解调单元 11122及计算单元 11123; 其中，
读取单元 11121， 配置为读取支路的信道参数， 并将所述信道参数传送 到解调单元 11122;
解调单元 11122， 配置为根据读取单元 11121读取的信道参数， 对所述 支路接收的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理， 将处理后的通信信号传送到计算
单元 11123;
计算单元 11123， 配置为对解调单元 11122处理后的通信信号进行信道 估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
本实施例中所述的信道参数包括所述支路所在信道的信道类型和 /或信 道模式等参数。
实际应用中， 所述读取单元 11121、 计算单元 11123可由所述多径接收 合并装置 111中的 CPU、 DSP或 FPGA实现；
所述解调单元 11122可由所述多径接收合并装置 111中的解调器实现。 何确定加权系数， 本发明实施例给出了一种最佳实施方式， 在该实施方式 中计算单元 11123通过以下方式确定所述支路的加权系数：
利用接收到的通信信号中的频域导频解调参考信号和本地的频域导频 解调参考信号， 获取通信用户在导频位置的 M个频域信道估计值， M为导 频子载波的总数；
从 M个频域信道估计值中抽取 R个值， 利用抽取得到的 R个值对 M 个频域信道估计值进行扩展， 得到 （M+R )个频域信道估计值， 其中， R 为相同时频资源块上承载的用户数的整数倍；
将（M+R )个频域信道估计值变换到时域， 得到 （M+R )个时域信道 估计值；
利用通信用户的信道估计窗对（M+R )个时域信道估计值进行降噪处 理， 得到降噪后的 （M+R )个时域信道估计值；
将降噪后的 （M+R )个时域信道估计值变换到频域， 从频域信道估计 值提取有效子载波上的信道估计值， 将所提取的信道估计值作为所述支路 的加权系数。
本发明实施例中， 在获取到所述支路的加权系数之后， 还利用加权系
数对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行合并， 对于如何进行最大比合并， 本 发明实施例给出了一种最佳实施方式， 图 5 为本发明实施例中的多径合并 模块 1113的结构示意图，如图 5所示， 多径合并模块 1113包括依次连接的 乘加单元 11131、 选取单元 11132、 合并单元 11133及输出单元 11134; 其 中，
乘加单元 11131， 配置为将计算单元 11123计算得到的加权系数与所述 支路接收到的通信信号进行复数乘加处理， 将得到的通信信号传输到选取 单元 11132进行选取；
选取单元 11132，配置为根据所述支路的信道参数选取通信信号中的实 部或虚部； 如当所述支路所在信道的信道类型为专用物理控制信道 ( DPCCH, Dedicated Physical Control CHannel )类型的信道时， 因为通信 信号在 Q路上， 选取通信信号的虚部； 同理的， 当所述支路所在信道的信 道类型为增强专用物理控制信道 ( E-DPCCH, Enhanced-Dedicated Physical Control CHannel )类型时， 因为通信信号在 I路上， 选取通信信号的实部； 当支路所在信道的信道类型为高速专用物理控制信道（HS-DPCCH, High Speed Dedicated Physical Control CHannel )时， 通信信号在 Q路上， 选取通 信信号的虚部；
合并单元 11132， 配置为将选取单元 11132选取的所有通信信号进行累 加， 并将累加结果传送到输出单元 11134;
输出单元 11134， 配置为对合并单元 11132传送的累加结果进行截位及 饱和处理， 输出规定位宽的最大比合并符号， 至此完成该通信通道的最大 比合并操作。
实际应用中， 所述乘加单元 11131、 选取单元 11132、 合并单元 11133 及输出单元 11134可由所述多径接收合并装置 111中的 CPU、 DSP或 FPGA 实现。
可以预见的是， 上述实施例中的各功能模块在相互不冲突的前提下， 可以相互组合和 /或替换， 其形成的所有实施方式都是本发明实施例所记载 的技术方案。
本发明实施例还记载了一种多径接收合并方法， 图 6为本发明实施例 中多径接收合并方法的流程图一， 如图 6所示， 所述多径接收合并方法包 括以下步骤：
步骤 601 : 移动终端与通信基站进行通信。
步骤 602: 通信基站通过至少两个支路接收移动终端发送的通信信号。 通信基站根据其处理能力及运行成本， 计算通过接收移动终端发送的 通信信号所使用支路的数量， 以满足通信性能的指标， 本实施例中以通信 基站通过 8个支路接收移动终端发送的通信信号为例进行说明。
步骤 603: 通信基站依次选取接收移动终端发送通信信号的支路。 其中， 依次接收通信信号的支路时， 由通信基站随机选取， 或者按照 前次通信的加权系数由大到小的顺序依次选取； 由于每条支路都要进行选 取以确定相应的加权系数， 因此选取支路的先后次序并不影响最后的输出 结果。
步骤 604: 通信基站读取所述支路的信道参数。
信道参数包括所述支路所在信道的信道类型和 /或信道模式， 信道类型 包括 DPCCH、 HS-DPCCH、 E-DPCCH等信道类型，信道模式包括 HS-DPCCH 的 Boosting模式及非 Boosting模式、 DPCCH信道的导频模式及非导频模式 等。
步骤 605: 通信基站确定本次通信中所述支路的加权系数。
通信基站根据所述支路的信道参数及所述支路接收到的通信信号， 确 定本次通信中所述支路的加权系数。
步骤 606: 通信基站根据所述支路的加权系数，对所述支路分别接收到
的通信信号进行最大比合并。
在一个优选的实施方式中， 步骤 605通过以下步骤实现：
根据所述支路的信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行解扰解扩 处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作 为所述支路的加权系数。
下面结合不同的信道类型对步骤 605的实施作进一步说明：
1 ) 当所述支路所在信道的信道类型为 DPCCH信道时， 在步骤 605— 个优选的实施方式中，
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行粗糙信道估计；
根据所述支路的信道模式， 选取相应的粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路 的加权系数。
其中， 当所述支路所在信道的信道类型为 DPCCH信道时， 所述支路的 信道模式包括导频模式和非导频模式； 当信道模式为导频模式时， 选取导 频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数； 当信道模式为非导频模式时， 选取非导频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
2 ) 当所选支路所在信道的信道类型为 E-DPCCH信道时， 在步骤 605 一个优选的实施方式中，
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计；
将所得到的精确信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
3 )当所选支路所在信道的信道类型为 HS-DPCCH信道时， 在步骤 605 一个优选的实施方式中，
判断所述支路是否处于 Boosting信道模式；
如果是， 则接收外部设备下发的比例参数作为所述支路的加权系数； 否则， 对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩 处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计， 将得到的精确信道估计值作为所述 支路的加权系数。
下面结合实际应用场景对本发明实施例中多径接收合并方法作进一步 详细说明， 在本实施例中， 通信基站通过 8条支路接收移动终端发送的通 信信号， 分别记为 Ll、 L2、 L3 L8 ， 且所述 8条支路所在信道的 信道参数（信道类型及信道模式）都一致； 根据上文的记载， 按照支路信 道参数的不同， 可以将支路分为 5个类型， 即， 类型 A: 支路所在信道的 信道类型为 DPCCH信道、 相应的信道模式为导频模式； 类型 B: 支路所在 信道的信道类型为 DPCCH信道、 相应的信道模式为非导频模式； 类型 C: 支路所在信道的信道类型为 E-DPCCH信道； 类型 D: 支路所在信道的信道 类型为 HS-DPCCH信道、 相应的信道模式为 Boosting模式； 类型 E: 支路 所在信道的信道类型为 HS-DPCCH信道、相应的信道模式为非 Boosting模 式。
通信基站接收到的 8条支路输入的信号的振幅分别为： Rl、 R2、 R3、 R4 R7、 R8; 多径接收合并装置输出的合并信号的振幅为 R:
R = K1 *R1+K2*R2+…… +K8*R8; 此公式中的 K1至 K8分别为对应 8 条支路 R1至 R8的加权系数。
下面针对如何确定上述公式中的加权系数 K1至 K8来做详细的说明， 获取所述支路的加权系数之后的合并过程在上述实施例中对多径合并模块 1113的结构说明部分中已做详细说明， 这里不再赘述。
图 7为本发明实施例中多径接收合并方法的流程图二， 如图 7所示， 所述加权系数的确定流程包括以下步骤：
步骤 701 : 通信基站通过 8条支路接收移动终端发送的通信信号。
步骤 702: 依次选取 8条支路中的一条支路 i。
步骤 703: 读取所选支路 i的信道参数， 选取计算方式。
当支路 i为类型 A时， 相应的计算方式为： 对所述支路接收到的通信 信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行粗糙信道估计， 将得到的导频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数；
当支路 i为类型 B时， 相应的计算方式为： 对所述支路接收到的通信 信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行粗糙信道估计， 将得到的非导频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数；
当支路 i为类型 C时， 相应的计算方式为： 对所述支路接收到的通信 信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计， 选取该精确信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数；
当支路 i为类型 D时， 相应的计算方式为： 接收外部设备下发的比较 参数作为所述支路的加权系数；
当支路 i为类型 E时，相应的计算方式为：对所述支路接收到的通信信 号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计， 将得到的精确信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
步骤 704: 根据选取的计算方式， 计算所述支路 i的加权系数 Ki。
步骤 705: 将支路 i的通信信号与加权系数 Ki乘加计算得到复数。 步骤 706: 根据信道参数选取所得到的复数中的实部或虚部。
针对信道类型为 DPCCH信道或 HS-DPCCH信道的支路， 由于得到的 复数通信信号在 Q路上， 选取复数中的虚部作为累加和的因子； 针对信道 类型为 E-DPCCH信道的支路， 由于得到的复数通信信号在 I路上， 选取复 数中的实部作为累加和的因子。
步骤 707: 将所选取的 8个实部或虚部进行累加和计算。
步骤 708:对累加和结果进行截位及饱和处理，输出多径接收合并结果。
本发明实施例， 至少具备以下显著的进步：
支路的加权系数根据所述支路的信道参数及所述支路接收的通信信号 确定， 因此， 所述确定的加权系数与所述支路的信道参数及接收通信信号 的变化同步， 比相关技术中固定加权系数的合并方案具有更佳的合并效果。
显然， 本领域的技术人员应该明白， 本发明实施例的各模块或各步骤 可以用通用的计算装置来实现， 它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上， 或者 分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上， 可选地， 它们可以用计算装置可执 行的程序代码来实现， 从而， 可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来 执行， 并且在某些情况下， 可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的 步骤， 或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块， 或者将它们中的多个模 块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现， 这样， 本发明实施例不限制于 任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上仅是本发明的具体实施方式而已， 并非对本发明做任何形式上的 等同变化或修饰， 均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims
1、 一种多径接收合并方法， 所述多径接收合并方法包括：
依次选取接收通信信号的支路；
根据所述支路的信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数；
利用所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行最大比合 并。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 所述支路的信道参 数包括所述支路所在信道的信道类型和 /或信道模式。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 所述根据所述支路 的信道参数对所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 包括：
读取所述支路的信道参数；
根据所述信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理； 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行信道估计， 得到所述支路的信道估 计值。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 当所述支路所在信 道的信道类型为专用物理控制信道时， 所述对所述支路接收的通信信号进 行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数， 包括：
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行粗糙信道估计， 得到粗糙信道估计 值；
根据所述支路所在信道的信道模式， 将相应的粗糙信道估计值作为所 述支路的加权系数。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 所述粗糙信道估计 值包括导频粗糙信道估计值和非导频粗糙信道估计值， 所述支路所在信道
的信道模式包括导频模式和非导频模式；
相应地， 所述根据所述支路所在信道的信道模式， 将相应的粗糙信道 估计值作为所述支路的加权系数， 包括：
当所述支路所在信道的信道模式为导频模式时， 将导频粗糙信道估计 值作为所述支路的加权系数； 当所述支路所在信道的信道模式为非导频模 式时， 将非导频粗糙信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
6、 如权利要求 2至 5任一项所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 当所述 支路所在信道的信道类型为增强专用物理控制信道时， 所述对所述支路接 收的通信信号进行信道估计， 包括：
对所述支路接收到的通信信号进行解扰解扩处理；
对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道估计， 得到精确信道估计 值。
7、 一种多径接收合并方法， 所述多径接收合并方法包括：
依次选取接收通信信号的支路， 所述支路为高速专用物理控制信道； 根据所述支路所在信道是否处于增强 Boosting信道模式， 确定所述支 路的加权系数；
利用所确定的所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接收的通信信号进行 最大比合并。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的多径接收合并方法， 其中， 所述根据所述支路 是否处于 Boosting信道模式， 确定所述支路的加权系数， 包括：
所述支路所在信道处于 Boosting信道模式时， 接收外部设备下发的比 例参数作为所述支路的加权系数；
所述支路所在信道未处于 Boosting信道模式时， 对所述支路接收到的 通信信号进行解扰解扩处理， 对解扰解扩处理后的通信信号进行精确信道 估计， 将得到的精确信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
9、 一种多径接收合并装置， 所述多径接收合并装置包括依次连接的通 信信号接收模块、 加权系数计算模块和多径合并模块； 其中，
所述通信信号接收模块， 配置为通过多个支路接收移动终端发送的通 信信号；
所述加权系数计算模块， 配置为依次根据所述支路的信道参数， 利用 所述支路接收的通信信号进行信道估计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支 路的加权系数；
所述多径合并模块， 配置为根据所述支路的加权系数， 对所述支路接 收到的通信信号进行最大比合并。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的多径接收合并装置， 所述加权系数计算模块 包括依次连接的读取单元、 解调单元及计算单元； 其中，
所述读取单元， 配置为读取所述支路的信道参数；
所述解调单元， 配置为根据所述信道参数， 对所述支路接收的通信信 号进行解扰解扩处理；
所述计算单元， 配置为对所述解调单元处理后的通信信号进行信道估 计， 将得到的信道估计值作为所述支路的加权系数。
11、 一种移动通信系统， 包括至少一个移动终端及至少一个通信基站， 所述通信基站包括实现其基本通信功能的本体及如权利要求 9或 10所述的 多径接收合并装置； 所述通信基站利用所述多径接收合并装置接收并处理 所述移动终端发送的通信信号。
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| WO2001073983A1 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-04 | Cadence Design Systems, Inc. | Method and system for channel estimation using multi-slot averaged interpolation |
| CN1404249A (zh) * | 2001-09-03 | 2003-03-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | 双层加权并行干扰对消算法 |
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