WO2014068746A1 - 車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 - Google Patents
車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014068746A1 WO2014068746A1 PCT/JP2012/078307 JP2012078307W WO2014068746A1 WO 2014068746 A1 WO2014068746 A1 WO 2014068746A1 JP 2012078307 W JP2012078307 W JP 2012078307W WO 2014068746 A1 WO2014068746 A1 WO 2014068746A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D37/02—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02N99/002—Starting combustion engines by ignition means
- F02N99/004—Generation of the ignition spark
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02N99/002—Starting combustion engines by ignition means
- F02N99/006—Providing a combustible mixture inside the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/08—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having multiple-spark ignition, i.e. ignition occurring simultaneously at different places in one engine cylinder or in two or more separate engine cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
- B60Y2400/426—Hydrodynamic couplings, e.g. torque converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
- F02N2019/008—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation the engine being stopped in a particular position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
- F02N2300/20—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method
- F02N2300/2002—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control method using different starting modes, methods, or actuators depending on circumstances, e.g. engine temperature or component wear
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for starting a direct injection engine capable of directly injecting fuel into a cylinder in a vehicle.
- the engine may be repeatedly restarted.
- the so-called idling stop vehicle that automatically restarts the direct-injection engine each time the vehicle stops running, or direct injection in response to an increase in required output
- This is a hybrid vehicle that restarts the engine and shifts from the electric motor traveling so far to the engine traveling.
- so-called ignition start is used, fuel is injected into a cylinder in an expansion stroke among a plurality of cylinders, and ignition is performed, and torque generated by the explosion caused by this ignition is used. The rotation of the direct injection engine is started.
- the direct injection engine when the direct injection engine is restarted, multiple ignition is performed in which a cylinder in the expansion process is ignited a plurality of times. That is, the ignition in the cylinder in the compression process of the direct injection engine is performed when the region in which the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is atomized or vaporized and mixed with air enters the combustible air-fuel ratio range passes through the spark plug.
- the time required for the atomization or vaporization of the fuel and the time for the region in the combustible air-fuel ratio range to flow to the spark plug are not necessarily constant depending on the temperature, etc. Ignition does not always result in optimal timing.
- the multiple ignition described in the above cited reference 1 has a drawback in that power consumption is increased because a predetermined number of times of ignition are uniformly performed every time the engine is started.
- the present invention has been made in the background of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a start control device for a vehicle direct injection engine in which ignition is reduced when the direct injection engine using multiple ignition is started. Is to provide.
- the gist of the present invention is that (a) in a vehicle equipped with a direct injection engine, when the direct injection engine is started, a predetermined one in the expansion stroke among a plurality of cylinders of the direct injection engine A starting control device for a vehicle direct-injection engine of the type that performs ignition start-up that performs fuel injection and multiple ignition to a cylinder of the engine to start up the rotation of the direct-injection engine, and (b) At the time of ignition start, the number of times of ignition for the predetermined cylinder is reduced based on the ignition timing of the ignition start performed before the ignition start compared to the ignition start performed before the ignition start. And
- the ignition start is performed before the ignition start based on the ignition timing of the ignition start performed before the ignition start. Since the direct-injection engine is started with a smaller number of times of ignition for a predetermined cylinder than the ignition start, the power consumption required for ignition can be reduced.
- an ignition determination unit that detects ignition in the predetermined cylinder based on an ionic current generated when combustion occurs in the predetermined cylinder, (d) at the time of ignition start
- the number of ignitions is learned on the basis of the generation timing of the ionic current, and the number of ignitions at the start of ignition after the learning is reduced. In this way, for example, at the time of ignition start, it is ensured by igniting a plurality of times at least in the previous section including the ignition timing at which the ion current was detected at the ignition start performed before the ignition start. The number of times of ignition is reduced while ensuring proper ignition.
- an electric motor connected to the direct injection engine and starting up the rotation of the direct injection engine when the direct injection engine is started, and (f) based on the ion current in the ignition determination unit.
- the direct injection engine is started using the electric motor.
- the direct injection engine is started using the electric motor, so that the engine startability or responsiveness is ensured.
- the ignition determination unit is the predetermined ignition An ion current is detected using a spark plug provided in the cylinder.
- the ignition determination unit is arranged to detect only the predetermined cylinder, the ion current can be detected at the fastest speed at the time of ignition start, and the engine start considering the appropriate ignition timing can be performed. It becomes possible.
- the fuel injection and / or ignition for the direct injection engine is stopped under preset rotation conditions of the direct injection engine, so that the predetermined cylinder is in the expansion step.
- An engine stop control unit that stops the rotation of the direct injection engine is provided. If it does in this way, the direct-injection engine will stop rotation so that the predetermined cylinder may be in an expansion process, without using an electric motor and a ratchet device connected to the direct-injection engine.
- the direct injection engine is selectively connected to the electric motor via a clutch in a hybrid vehicle having an electric motor that can be used as a driving force source for traveling.
- the electric motor transmits the assist torque to the direct injection engine via the clutch to an increase section of the rotational speed of the direct injection engine when starting the direct injection engine, so that the direct injection engine rotational speed is increased. It helps to raise According to this configuration, when the direct injection engine is started, the assist torque output from the electric motor is supplied to the direct injection engine via the clutch during an increase in the rotational speed of the direct injection engine. By transmitting, it is possible to assist the increase in the rotational speed of the direct injection engine.
- the stopped direct injection engine can be started using necessary and sufficient assist torque. This also reduces the amount of electric energy consumed by the power storage device at the time of starting the direct injection engine and reduces the amount of electric energy for starting the engine that is always secured to the power storage device. Fuel consumption is preferably improved.
- FIG. 2 is a cylinder phase diagram showing a correlation between phases of four cylinders involved in explosion within one rotation of a crankshaft in the V-type 8-cylinder engine of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship stored in advance for determining one of a motor travel region and an engine travel region based on a vehicle speed V and a required output amount (accelerator opening) in hybrid travel control. is there.
- FIG. 2 is a cylinder phase diagram illustrating an ignition start process in the V-type 8-cylinder four-cycle direct injection engine of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a stop state in which a predetermined first cylinder is positioned at an expansion stroke, that is, 45 ° ATDC. (B) represents the state in which the fuel was injected and ignited in the first cylinder in the stopped state, and (c) represents the initial explosion caused by the ignition in the first cylinder and the torque caused by the first explosion.
- FIG. 2 is a main part of a control operation executed by the electronic control device of FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows ignition start control by multiple ignition and multiple ignition stop control after ion current detection when the engine is restarted before learning. It is a time chart.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an ignition start control by multiple ignition at the time of engine restart after learning, which is a main part of the control operation of the electronic control device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a main part of the control operation executed by the electronic control unit of FIG. 1 and explains ignition start control by multiple ignition and multiple ignition stop control after ion current detection when the engine is restarted before learning. It is a flowchart to do.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining ignition start control by multiple ignition at the time of engine restart after learning, which is a main part of control operation of the electronic control device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram including a skeleton diagram of a drive system of a hybrid vehicle 10 to which the present invention is applied.
- the hybrid vehicle 10 includes a direct injection engine 12 that directly injects and ignites fuel into a cylinder, and an electric motor as a drive source and a motor generator MG that functions as a generator as a driving force source for traveling. .
- the outputs of the direct injection engine 12 and the motor generator MG are transmitted from the torque converter 14, which is a fluid power transmission device, to an automatic transmission 20 including a turbine shaft 16 and a C1 clutch 18. It is transmitted to the left and right drive wheels 26 via the dynamic gear device 24.
- the torque converter 14 includes a lockup clutch (L / U clutch) 30 that directly connects the pump impeller and the turbine impeller, and an oil pump 32 is integrally connected to the pump impeller. It is mechanically driven to rotate by the jet engine 12 and the motor generator MG. Motor generator MG corresponds to a rotating machine.
- L / U clutch lockup clutch
- the direct injection engine 12 is a V-type 8-cylinder four-cycle gasoline engine.
- the fuel injection valve 46 allows gasoline to enter the cylinder (cylinder) 100. Are jetted directly in a high-pressure fine particle state.
- spark plug 47 is ignited at this timing, the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder 100 explodes and burns, and the piston 110 is pushed downward.
- the intake passage 102 is connected to an electronic throttle valve 45, which is an intake air amount adjustment valve, via a surge tank 103.
- the intake passage 102 From the intake passage 102 to the cylinder according to the opening of the electronic throttle valve 45 (throttle valve opening).
- the amount of intake air flowing into 100, that is, the engine output is controlled.
- the piston 110 is fitted in the cylinder 100 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and is connected to a crankpin 116 of the crankshaft 114 via a connecting rod 112 so as to be relatively rotatable.
- the crankshaft 114 is rotationally driven as indicated by an arrow R.
- the crankshaft 114 is rotatably supported by a bearing in the journal portion 118, and integrally includes a crank arm 120 that connects the journal portion 118 and the crankpin 116.
- crankshaft 114 is continuously rotated.
- the pistons 110 of the eight cylinders 100 are configured such that the crank angles are shifted by 90 °, in other words, the positions of the crank pins 116 of the crankshaft 114 protrude in the direction shifted by 90 °, and the crankshaft 114 Each time is rotated 90 °, the eight cylinders 100 are exploded and burned in the preset ignition sequence shown in FIG. 3, for example, so that rotational torque is continuously generated.
- the piston 110 stops within a predetermined angular range ⁇ of the expansion stroke in which the crankshaft 114 rotates by a predetermined angle from the top dead center (compression TDC) after the compression stroke, and both the intake valve 104 and the exhaust valve 108 are closed.
- gasoline is injected into the cylinder 100 by the fuel injection valve 46 and discharge for ignition is performed by the spark plug 47, whereby the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder 100 is explosively burned to increase the engine speed. It is possible to start ignition.
- the friction (friction) of each part of the direct injection engine 12 is small, there is a possibility that the direct injection engine 12 can be started only by ignition start. However, even when the friction is large, the crankshaft 114 is cranked and started.
- the angle range ⁇ is a crank angle CA after top dead center, for example, within a range of about 30 ° to 60 °, and a relatively large rotational energy can be obtained by ignition start, and assist torque can be reduced. Revolution energy can be relatively obtained by starting ignition, and assist torque can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation stroke with respect to the crank angle CA for each cylinder No. 1 to No. 8 when the direct injection engine 12 is a V-type 8-cylinder engine that operates in four cycles.
- Each cylinder No. 1 to No. 8 indicates a mechanical arrangement position, but in the ignition order with the crank angle CA being 0 ° as a reference, cylinder No. 2, cylinder No. 4, cylinder No. 5, The order is cylinder No. 6, cylinder No. 3, cylinder No. 7, cylinder No. 8, cylinder No. 1.
- the ignition order if the cylinder No. 7 is the first cylinder K1, the cylinder No. 8 is the second cylinder K2, the cylinder No. 1 is the third cylinder K3, and the cylinder No.
- FIG. 4 is a cylinder phase diagram showing the interrelationship of the phases of the four cylinders involved in the explosion within one rotation of the crankshaft 114 in the V-type eight-cylinder engine.
- the piston 110 rotates in the clockwise direction while maintaining the relationship of 90 ° with each other, the compression stroke compresses the intake air from the closing of the intake valve to the TDC, and the expansion of the explosion gas from the TDC to the opening of the exhaust valve. And an expansion stroke in which is pushed down.
- phase of the first cylinder K1 is located in the first half of the expansion stroke
- phase of the second cylinder K2 is located in the second half of the compression stroke.
- the phase of the third cylinder K3 is located before the start of the compression stroke.
- a K0 clutch 34 is provided between the direct injection engine 12 and the motor generator MG via a damper 38 to directly connect them.
- the K0 clutch 34 is a hydraulic friction engagement device such as a single plate type or multi-plate type friction clutch that is frictionally engaged by a hydraulic cylinder, and is engaged and released by an electromagnetic linear control valve in the hydraulic control device 28.
- the oil chamber 40 of the torque converter 14 is disposed in an oil bath state.
- the K0 clutch 34 functions as a connection / disconnection device that connects or disconnects the direct injection engine 12 with respect to the power transmission path.
- Motor generator MG is connected to battery 44 via inverter 42.
- the automatic transmission 20 is a stepped automatic transmission such as a planetary gear type in which a plurality of gear stages having different gear ratios are established depending on the disengagement state of a plurality of hydraulic friction engagement devices (clutch and brake).
- the shift control is performed by an electromagnetic hydraulic control valve, a switching valve or the like provided in the hydraulic control device 28.
- the C1 clutch 18 functions as an input clutch of the automatic transmission 20, and is engaged / released by an electromagnetic linear control valve in the hydraulic control device 28.
- the electronic control unit 70 includes a so-called microcomputer having a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an input / output interface, and the like, and performs signal processing according to a program stored in advance in the ROM while using a temporary storage function of the RAM.
- a signal representing the accelerator pedal operation amount (accelerator operation amount) Acc is supplied to the electronic control unit 70 from the accelerator operation amount sensor 48. Further, from the engine rotation speed sensor 50, the MG rotation speed sensor 52, the turbine rotation speed sensor 54, the vehicle speed sensor 56, and the crank angle sensor 58, the rotation speed (engine rotation speed) NE of the direct injection engine 12 and the rotation of the motor generator MG, respectively.
- a pulse signal ⁇ representing the rotation angle from the point), that is, the crank angle CA is supplied.
- various types of information necessary for various types of control are supplied.
- the accelerator operation amount Acc corresponds to the output request amount.
- the electronic control unit 70 functionally includes a hybrid control unit 72, a shift control unit 74, an engine stop control unit 76, and an engine start control unit 80. For example, based on the vehicle speed V and the required output amount (accelerator opening) based on the relationship stored in advance shown in FIG. For example, one of the engine traveling regions that travels using only the injection engine 12 or the direct injection engine 12 and the motor generator MG as a driving force source is determined from the relationship shown in FIG. 5 to obtain the determined traveling region.
- the vehicle is driven in a plurality of predetermined driving modes such as a mode.
- the shift control unit 74 controls an electromagnetic hydraulic control valve, a switching valve, and the like provided in the hydraulic control device 28 to switch the engagement / disengagement state of the plurality of hydraulic friction engagement devices. These gears are switched in accordance with a predetermined relationship or a shift map with the operating state such as the accelerator operation amount Acc and the vehicle speed V as parameters. This relationship or shift map is obtained in advance for the operating point of the direct injection engine 12 or the motor generator MG so as to satisfy the required driving force with the optimum fuel consumption or the optimum efficiency.
- the engine stop control unit 76 performs an eco-run stop request issued when an idle stop condition such as accelerator off, vehicle speed zero, D range, brake on, etc. is satisfied, or when switching from the engine travel area to the motor travel area during travel. Based on the engine stop request or the like, the fuel supply and ignition to the direct injection engine 12 are stopped to stop the rotation of the direct injection engine 12, and the K0 clutch 34 is released as necessary. In addition, when stopping the direct injection engine 12, the engine stop control unit 76 stabilizes at a preset low speed, for example, 1000 rpm, and then stops fuel supply and ignition at a timing experimentally obtained in advance.
- an idle stop condition such as accelerator off, vehicle speed zero, D range, brake on, etc.
- the stop phase control of the direct injection engine 12 may be performed using the motor generator MG, or a ratchet mechanism (not shown) may be used.
- the engine start control unit 80 includes a cylinder stop phase determination unit 82, an ignition start control unit 84, and an electric motor assist control unit 94, and responds to brake-off at the time of idling stop, switching from the motor travel region to the engine travel region, and the like.
- ignition of the direct injection engine 12 is started, and the motor generator MG assists the motor generator MG as necessary to restart the direct injection engine 12.
- the rotational speed of the direct injection engine 12 ( Based on the fact that the engine speed (NE) has reached a preset end determination value NE1, the restart control is ended and the K0 clutch 34 is engaged.
- the cylinder stop phase determination unit 82 determines whether the direct injection engine 12 is based on the signal ⁇ from the crank angle sensor 58 that detects the crank angle CA from the TDC (top dead center) of the crankshaft 114 of the direct injection engine 12. It is determined whether or not the crank angle CA of a predetermined first cylinder K1 of the plurality of cylinders is in a stopped state located within an angle range of 0 to 90 ° ATDC, for example, near 45 ° ATDC.
- the ignition start control unit 84 makes a restart request after it is determined by the cylinder stop phase determination unit 82 that one of the cylinders of the direct injection engine 12, that is, the first cylinder K1 is in the phase state in which the compression TDC is located.
- fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve 46 into the first cylinder K1 and multiple ignition is performed by the spark plug 47, thereby generating an initial explosion (first explosion) and raising the engine speed NE.
- a second explosion is caused in the second cylinder K2 and a third explosion is caused in the third cylinder K3 to further increase the engine speed NE.
- FIG. 6 is a cylinder phase diagram illustrating the ignition start process of the ignition start control unit 84 in the V-type 8-cylinder four-cycle direct injection engine 12, wherein (a) indicates that the first cylinder K1 is 45 ° ATDC (upper (B) shows a state in which fuel injection from the fuel injection valve 46 and ignition by the spark plug 47 are performed in the first cylinder K1 in the stopped state. (C) shows that an initial explosion occurs due to ignition in the first cylinder K1, the crankshaft starts rotating with the torque from the first explosion, and the compression in the second cylinder K2 is referred to as the compression in the third cylinder K3.
- (D) shows a state in which fuel is injected and ignited into the second cylinder K2 that has been compressed, and (e) soot is caused by a second explosion in the second cylinder K2. Further rotation by torque causes the expansion in the third cylinder K3 and the pressure in the fourth cylinder K4.
- (F) further rotates due to the torque generated by the second explosion in the second cylinder K2, and the third cylinder K3 reaches TDC when fuel is injected into the third cylinder K3.
- the fuel injection from the valve 46 and the ignition by the spark plug 47 are shown.
- the ignition start control unit 84 includes a fuel injection control unit 86, an ignition determination unit 88, an ignition frequency learning control unit 90, and a multiple ignition control unit 92.
- the fuel injection control unit 86 calculates the fuel injection amount at the time of starting the direct injection engine 12 based on, for example, the volume in the cylinder to be injected, the air temperature, the engine coolant temperature, etc. from a previously stored relationship, and restarts
- the fuel injection valve 46 is driven by an injection signal having a time width to obtain the fuel injection amount in response to the request, and fuel is supplied from the fuel injection valve 46 to the first cylinder K1 as the first explosion cylinder and the second cylinder K2 subsequent thereto. Then, the fuel is sequentially injected into the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder.
- FIG. 7 is a time chart for explaining fuel injection and ignition operation for a predetermined cylinder, and a time point t1 indicates the fuel injection start timing.
- the multiple ignition control unit 92 outputs a series of ignition signals having a cycle of, for example, about 4 ms to the igniter (not shown) after the injection signal from the falling timing of the injection signal pulse, that is, the time t2 in FIG.
- a plurality of arcs are continuously generated in the spark plug 47 provided in the fuel-injected cylinder with the high voltage (inductive electromotive force) output from.
- a high voltage is output from the igniter at the timing of the fall of the ignition signal, that is, at time t3 in FIG.
- the ignition determination unit 88 is detected when a direct-current electric field having a predetermined strength, for example, several hundred volts is applied to the electrode of the spark plug 47 immediately after the ignition signal pulse is supplied in the first explosion cylinder injected by the fuel injection control unit 86.
- the ignition (first explosion) is determined based on whether or not the ion current generated by combustion exceeds a preset combustion start determination value (threshold value). This state is shown at time t5 in FIG.
- the initial explosion cylinder is preferably equipped with a spark plug including an ion current detection electrode having a gap suitable for corona discharge, and a power supply device that ignites a DC electric field is connected to the ion current detection electrode. ing.
- the multiple ignition control unit 92 stops outputting the ignition signal after the ignition determination by the ignition determination unit 88, as indicated by the broken line in FIG.
- the number-of-ignitions learning control unit 90 determines the number of ignition signals for multiple ignition at the time of engine start, that is, the number of ignitions, at the next and subsequent start after learning based on the ignition time t5, which is determined by the ignition determination unit 88.
- the multiple ignition control unit 92 is changed by learning so that the number of ignition signals before the ignition time t5 is reduced to a predetermined number and the number of ignition signals after the ignition time t5 is reduced to zero or a predetermined number.
- the ignition signal is output at the next engine start. For example, if ignition is determined at the fall of the fourth ignition signal, as shown in FIG. 8, the fourth ignition signal determined from the third ignition signal immediately before it is determined.
- the ignition signal pulse up to the ignition signal is output at the next ignition start after the learning.
- the ignition signal for the next multiple ignition is composed of ignition signal pulses from a predetermined number of pulse periods before the ignition determination timing t5 to the ignition determination timing t5.
- the predetermined number of ignition signal pulses before the ignition determination timing t5 is the time until the air-fuel mixture in which the fuel is atomized or vaporized and mixed with air enters the combustible air-fuel ratio range reaches the spark plug 47. It is a margin value for stabilizing the ignition regardless of variations, and is determined experimentally in advance.
- the motor assist control unit 94 does not perform torque assist when the rotation of the direct injection engine 12 starts up only by the multiple ignition by the multiple ignition control unit 92, but the first explosion is caused by misfire of the direct injection engine 12 or the like. If it is determined that the rotation speed of the direct-injection engine 12 has decreased and its rise is not sufficient after the initial ignition operation by the ignition start control unit 84, it is immediately within the rotation increase section.
- the K0 clutch 34 is engaged and torque assist is performed by the motor generator MG to increase the engine rotational speed NE of the direct injection engine 12 again to a speed higher than a preset self-operable rotational speed to restart the direct injection engine 12. .
- the engine rotation speed NE that is started up by the ignition start control of the ignition start control unit 84 or that is further increased by the engagement of the K0 clutch 34 by the motor assist control unit 94 and the torque assist by the motor generator MG is 400 rpm in advance. It is determined whether or not the self-driving speed NE1 set to a certain level has been reached, or the rate of change (increase rate, that is, the rising speed) dNE / dt of the engine speed NE is set to the autonomous driving possible rising speed dNE1 /. Based on whether or not dt has been reached, the end of torque assist when the direct injection engine 12 is restarted, that is, the end of restart control of the direct injection engine 12 is determined.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are flowcharts for explaining a main part of the control operation of the electronic control unit 70, and it is repeatedly executed, for example, at a cycle of several milliseconds to tens of milliseconds.
- FIG. 9 shows initial ignition start control by multiple ignition before learning
- FIG. 10 shows ignition start control by multiple ignition after learning.
- step S1 it is determined whether or not the restart request has been issued.
- step S2 the stop crank angle position (stop phase) and the expansion stroke stop cylinder of the direct injection engine 12 are detected, and the required fuel injection amount for restart is calculated based on the phase.
- This S 2 corresponds to the cylinder stop phase determination unit 82 and the fuel injection control unit 86.
- S3 corresponding to the fuel injection control unit 86, fuel is injected into the expansion stroke cylinder, for example, the first cylinder K1.
- the period t1 to t2 in FIG. 7 shows this state.
- S4 corresponding to the multiple ignition control unit 92, as shown after time t2 in FIG. 7, a plurality of ignition signals are continuously generated in order to generate an arc in the spark plug 47 of the cylinder in which the fuel is injected. Is output.
- S5 corresponding to the ignition determination unit 88, it is determined whether or not the ion current is equal to or higher than a preset ignition determination value (threshold) immediately after the ignition signal, that is, whether or not the first explosion has occurred. If the determination in S5 is negative, the process is put on standby by repeatedly executing S5. However, if the determination in S5 is affirmative, S6 and subsequent steps are executed. This state is shown at time t5 in FIG.
- the ignition number is recorded when the ion current is determined to be equal to or higher than the ignition determination value, and the subsequent multiple ignition is performed. Is stopped.
- the multiple ignition operation is repeated for each cylinder in the ignition sequence until the rotational speed at which the direct injection engine 12 can autonomously operate, and the direct injection engine 12 is autonomous. When the operating state is reached, the ignition start control is terminated.
- the engine start control unit 80 of the hybrid vehicle 10 of the present embodiment at the time of starting ignition of the direct injection engine 12 at least with respect to the first explosion cylinder, that is, the second cylinder, than the ignition start. Based on the ignition (explosion) timing of the ignition start performed before, the direct injection engine 12 is started with multiple ignitions with a smaller number of ignitions compared to the ignition start performed before the ignition start. The power consumption required for ignition can be reduced.
- ignition initial start in a predetermined initial explosion cylinder, that is, the second cylinder, based on an ionic current generated during combustion in K2.
- An ignition determination unit that detects (explosion) is detected, and at the time of ignition start, the number of multiple ignitions is learned based on the occurrence timing of ignition start (initial explosion) performed before the ignition start. The number of multiple ignitions at the time of starting ignition after the next time is reduced. For this reason, for example, in the ignition start, ignition is performed a plurality of times at least in the previous section including the ignition (explosion) timing at which it was determined that the ion current exceeded the threshold in the ignition start performed before that. As a result, the number of ignitions is reduced while ensuring reliable ignition.
- a motor generator (electric motor) that is connected to the direct injection engine 12 and starts up the rotation of the direct injection engine 12 when the direct injection engine 12 is started.
- the ignition determination unit 88 does not detect ignition based on the ion current
- the direct-injection engine 12 is started using the motor generator MG.
- the direct injection engine 12 is started using the motor generator MG, so that the startability or responsiveness of the direct injection engine 12 is ensured.
- the direct-injection engine 12 is configured so that the preset initial explosion cylinder, that is, the first cylinder K1 is in the expansion process when the operation is stopped.
- the rotation is stopped so as to be in the vicinity of 45 ° ATDC, and the ignition determination unit 88 is arranged to detect an ion current using a plug attached to the first explosion cylinder. For this reason, even if the ignition determination unit 88 is configured to detect only by a predetermined initial explosion cylinder, the ion current can be detected at the fastest speed at the start of ignition, and the direct injection engine 12 in consideration of appropriate ignition timing. Can be started.
- the fuel injection and / or ignition for the direct injection engine 12 is stopped under a predetermined rotation condition of the direct injection engine 12, thereby An engine stop control unit 76 is provided to stop the rotation of the direct injection engine so that the first explosion cylinder is in the expansion process. For this reason, without using the electric motor and ratchet device connected to the direct injection engine 12, the direct injection engine 12 is stopped so that the predetermined initial explosion cylinder is located in the expansion process.
- the direct injection engine 12 is a hybrid vehicle having a motor generator (electric motor) MG that can be used as a driving power source for traveling.
- the motor generator MG is selectively connected to the motor generator MG through the K0 clutch 34 via the K0 clutch 34 when the direct injection engine 12 is started.
- the assist torque is transmitted to the direct injection engine 12 to assist the increase in the rotational speed of the direct injection engine 12. For this reason, when the direct injection engine 12 is started, the assist torque output from the motor generator MG is transmitted to the direct injection engine 12 via the K0 clutch 34 during an increase in the rotational speed of the direct injection engine 12.
- the direct injection engine 12 that is stopped is required in a hybrid vehicle in which the direct injection engine 12 is connected to the power transmission path by the K0 clutch 34.
- the engine can be started using a sufficient assist torque.
- the electric energy consumption of the battery (power storage device) 44 at the time of starting the direct injection engine 12 is reduced and the electric energy for starting the engine that is always secured to the power storage device is reduced, the motor traveling area is expanded.
- the fuel consumption of the vehicle is preferably improved.
- the vehicle described above is the parallel type hybrid vehicle 10 in which the direct injection engine 12 and the power transmission path from the motor generator MG to the drive wheel 26 are connected and disconnected by the K0 clutch 34.
- the present invention is also applied to a vehicle using as a drive source, for example, a vehicle equipped with a stepped automatic transmission or a continuously variable transmission.
- the present invention is applied when the direct injection engine 12 is started in the hybrid vehicle 10 when switching from electric motor traveling to engine traveling, and in a vehicle equipped with a stepped automatic transmission or a continuously variable transmission, Applied when starting the engine.
- the K0 clutch 34 a single-plate or multi-plate hydraulic friction engagement clutch, magnetic powder clutch, or electromagnetic clutch is preferably used.
- the hybrid vehicle 10 of the above-described embodiment includes one motor generator MG as a drive motor.
- the hybrid vehicle 10 is provided on the output shaft of the automatic transmission 20 in FIG.
- a second motor generator for driving the left and right drive wheels 26 via the.
- a second motor generator that exclusively drives other wheels not shown in FIG. 1 (or front wheels if the drive wheels 26 are rear wheels) may be provided.
- the hybrid vehicle 10 of the above-described embodiment includes the torque converter 14 with the lock-up clutch 30 between the K0 clutch 34 and the automatic transmission 20, the torque converter 14 is not necessarily provided. Good. Further, the C1 clutch 18 that functions as an input clutch of the automatic transmission 20 is housed in the automatic transmission 20 and constitutes one of a plurality of friction engagement devices for achieving a shift stage. May be.
- the direct injection engine 12 of the hybrid vehicle 10 described above is preferably a gasoline engine, and can be applied to a multi-cylinder engine having three or more cylinders, particularly a direct injection engine of 6 cylinders, 8 cylinders, 12 cylinders or the like.
- a predetermined initial explosion cylinder of a plurality of cylinders is positioned in a rotational phase within a predetermined range after top dead center, and the initial explosion cylinder is in an expansion stroke, and an exhaust valve is not opened. Any reciprocating internal combustion engine that can start ignition by injecting fuel into a cylinder in the expansion stroke is applicable.
- the direct injection engine 12 of the above-described embodiment is a V-type 8-cylinder engine.
- the direct injection engine has a first cylinder crank angle CA of TDC (top dead center) of the first cylinder K1 and ignition sequence.
- the present invention is applicable to any engine in which the first cylinder K1 positioned between the TDC (top dead center) of the second cylinder K2 is in the compression stroke and the exhaust valve of the first cylinder K1 is closed. Can be done. If the engine is a general engine in which the opening of the exhaust valve is started after the ATDC is 140 ° or more in the compression stroke, the direct injection engine 12 only needs to have a plurality of cylinders of 5 cylinders or more.
- the direct injection engine 12 is a four-cycle direct injection engine of 3 cylinders or more, that is, a direct injection engine of 3 cylinders, 4 cylinders, 5 cylinders, 6 cylinders, 8 cylinders, 12 cylinders, etc.
- the direct injection in a state where the crank angle CA of the first cylinder, which is a cylinder, is located between the TDC (top dead center) of the first cylinder K1 and the TDC (top dead center) of the second cylinder K2 in the ignition order.
- fuel is directly injected into the first cylinder K1 that is in the expansion stroke and the exhaust valve is not opened and ignited to generate a first explosion in the first cylinder.
- the rotational speed NE can be raised and the engine can be started using a necessary and sufficient assist torque, and the amount of electric energy consumed by the power storage device when starting a three-cylinder or more four-cycle direct injection engine can be reduced. Smaller, always power storage device Since electrical energy for starting the engine to ensure decreases the fuel efficiency of the vehicle is suitably improved been expanded motor drive region.
- the above-described motor assist control unit 94 performs torque assist for starting up the engine rotational speed NE using the motor generator MG, but uses the cell motor provided in the direct injection engine 12 for engine rotational speed. NE startup or torque assist may be performed.
- the explosion in the cylinder is determined based on the fact that the ion current is equal to or higher than the preset ignition determination value, but the output of the vibration sensor provided in the engine 12 is The explosion in the cylinder may be determined based on a predetermined value or more, or the rate of change of the engine rotation speed NE is a predetermined value or more.
- Hybrid vehicle 12 Direct injection engine 34: K0 clutch (clutch) 44: Battery (power storage device) 70: Electronic control device (engine start control device) 76: Engine stop control unit 80: Engine start control unit 84: Ignition start control unit 88: Ignition determination unit 90: Ignition frequency learning control unit 92: Multiple ignition control unit 94: Electric motor assist control unit MG: Motor generator (electric motor)
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Abstract
Description
また、エンジン停止制御部76は、直噴エンジン12の停止に際して、予め設定された低速回転数たとえば1000rpmで安定させた後、予め実験的に求められたタイミングで燃料供給および点火を停止し、特定の気筒たとえば第1気筒K1および第4気筒K4が膨張行程となる位相、好適には図6(a)の第1気筒K1が45°ATDC付近となる角度位置(位相)で直噴エンジン12のクランク軸を停止させる。この直噴エンジン12の停止位相制御は、モータジェネレータMGを用いて行なわれてもよいし、図示しないラチェット機構が用いられてもよい。
12:直噴エンジン
34:K0クラッチ(クラッチ)
44:バッテリー(蓄電装置)
70:電子制御装置(エンジン始動制御装置)
76:エンジン停止制御部
80:エンジン始動制御部
84:着火始動制御部
88:着火判定部
90:点火回数学習制御部
92:多重点火制御部
94:電動機アシスト制御部
MG:モータジェネレータ(電動機)
Claims (6)
- 直噴エンジンを備える車両において、該直噴エンジンの始動に際して該直噴エンジンの複数の気筒のうち膨張行程にある所定の気筒に対して燃料噴射および多重点火を行って該直噴エンジンの回転を立ち上げる着火始動を行なう形式の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置であって、
前記直噴エンジンの着火始動に際し、その着火始動よりも前に行われた着火始動の着火タイミングに基づき、その着火始動よりも前に行われた着火始動に比べて前記所定の気筒に対する点火回数を少なくすることを特徴とする車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。 - 前記所定の気筒内で燃焼の発生時に発生するイオン電流に基づいてその所定の気筒内での着火を検知する着火判定部を備え、
着火始動時におけるイオン電流の発生タイミングに基づいて前記点火回数を学習し、その学習後の着火始動時の点火回数を少なくすることを特徴とする請求項1の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。 - 前記直噴エンジンに連結され、その直噴エンジンの始動時にその直噴エンジンの回転を立ち上げる電動機を備え、
前記着火判定部において前記イオン電流に基づく着火が検知されない場合は、その電動機を用いて前記直噴エンジンの始動を行なうことを特徴とする請求項1または2の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。 - 前記直噴エンジンは、その作動停止に際して、前記所定の気筒が膨張工程となるように回転停止させられるものであり、
前記着火判定部は、前記所定の気筒でのイオン電流を検知するように配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。 - 前記直噴エンジンの予め設定された回転条件で該直噴エンジンに対する燃料噴射および/または点火を停止させることで、前記所定の気筒が膨張行程となるように前記直噴エンジンを回転停止させるエンジン停止制御部を備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。
- 前記直噴エンジンは、走行用の駆動力源として用いることができる電動機を有するハイブリッド車両において、クラッチを介して前記電動機と選択的に連結されたものであり、
前記電動機は、前記直噴エンジンの始動時の回転速度の上昇区間に、前記クラッチを介してアシストトルクを該直噴エンジンに伝達することで、該直噴エンジン回転速度の上昇に対する助勢を行なうことを特徴とする請求項1または2の車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置。
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US14/437,413 US9790879B2 (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Controller for starting vehicular direct-injection engine |
JP2014544160A JP5943090B2 (ja) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | 車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 |
DE112012007094.1T DE112012007094B4 (de) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Controller zum Starten einer Fahrzeug-Direkteinspritzungsmaschine |
CN201280076774.1A CN104755749B (zh) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | 车辆用直接喷射式发动机的启动控制装置 |
PCT/JP2012/078307 WO2014068746A1 (ja) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | 車両用直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 |
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JP7124640B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-08-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御システム |
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