WO2014061129A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014061129A1 WO2014061129A1 PCT/JP2012/076932 JP2012076932W WO2014061129A1 WO 2014061129 A1 WO2014061129 A1 WO 2014061129A1 JP 2012076932 W JP2012076932 W JP 2012076932W WO 2014061129 A1 WO2014061129 A1 WO 2014061129A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0035—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0313—Pressure sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
- F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/19—Refrigerant outlet condenser temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/21—Refrigerant outlet evaporator temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to an air conditioner including a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units to an outdoor unit.
- an air conditioner provided with a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units to an outdoor unit.
- capacity control for controlling the air conditioning capacity of the outdoor unit (specifically, the operating capacity of the compressor) so that the evaporation temperature or condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit becomes the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature.
- a target evaporation temperature or a target condensation temperature is made variable as shown in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-147823).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-147823
- the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is varied according to the air conditioning load characteristics of the building.
- An object of the present invention is to prioritize energy saving or comfort according to user preference in an air conditioner including a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units to an outdoor unit. Is to be able to do that.
- An air conditioner is an air conditioner including a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units to an outdoor unit, and includes a capacity control unit and a target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit.
- the capacity control means is a means for controlling the air conditioning capacity of the outdoor unit so that the evaporation temperature or condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit becomes the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means is a means for setting either the target refrigerant temperature variable mode for changing the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature and the target refrigerant temperature fixing mode for fixing the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature. It is.
- evaporation temperature means a state quantity equivalent to the evaporation pressure in the refrigerant circuit
- condensation temperature means a state quantity equivalent to the condensation pressure in the refrigerant circuit. That is, the evaporating pressure and evaporating temperature, the target evaporating pressure and the target evaporating temperature, the condensing pressure and the condensing temperature, and the target condensing pressure and the target condensing temperature mean substantially the same state quantity although the wording itself is different. .
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means can set either the target refrigerant temperature variable mode or the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable mode energy saving can be prioritized
- comfort can be prioritized. Thereby, according to a user's preference here, priority can be put on energy-saving property or comfort.
- the air conditioner according to the second aspect is the air conditioner according to the first aspect, wherein the target refrigerant temperature variable mode has a rapid variable mode and a slow variable mode.
- the rapid variable mode is a mode in which the target evaporating temperature or the target condensing temperature is changed so that the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned space targeted by the indoor unit reaches the set temperature that is the target value of the indoor temperature in a short time.
- the slow speed variable mode is a mode in which the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is changed so that the room temperature reaches the set temperature in a longer time than the rapid variable mode.
- the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode are set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means when setting to the target refrigerant temperature variable mode by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means, it is possible to set one of two modes having different degrees of control followability, that is, the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode. It is like that.
- the rapid variable mode When the rapid variable mode is set, the control followability is improved as compared with the case where the slow variable mode is set. Thereby, here, the degree of control follow-up can be changed according to the user's preference while giving priority to energy saving by setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode.
- An air conditioner according to a third aspect is the air conditioner according to the second aspect, wherein the target evaporating temperature or the target condensing temperature is an ability that the outdoor unit has an air conditioning capacity of 100% in the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode.
- the maximum capacity evaporation temperature or maximum capacity condensation temperature corresponding to the case is fixed.
- the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is always fixed to the maximum capacity evaporation temperature or the maximum capacity condensation temperature.
- operation can always be performed here in the state where priority was given to comfort.
- the air conditioner according to the fourth aspect is the air conditioner according to the third aspect, wherein the rapid variable mode has a powerful mode and a quick mode.
- the powerful mode is a mode that allows the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature to be changed to the minimum evaporation temperature or the maximum condensation temperature exceeding the maximum capacity evaporation temperature or the maximum capacity condensation temperature.
- the quick mode is a mode that does not allow the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature to be changed to the minimum evaporation temperature or the maximum condensation temperature.
- the powerful mode and the quick mode are set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit sets the rapid variable mode of the target refrigerant temperature variable mode
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means sets either one of two modes having different levels of control followability such as a powerful mode and a quick mode. Can be done.
- a powerful mode is set, a change to the minimum evaporation temperature or the maximum condensation temperature exceeding the maximum capacity evaporation temperature or the maximum capacity condensation temperature is allowed, so that the control followability is further improved as compared with the case of setting the quick mode. .
- the degree of control follow-up can be further changed according to the user's preference while improving the control follow-up by setting the rapid variable mode.
- the air conditioner according to the fifth aspect is the air conditioner according to any of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the target refrigerant temperature variable mode further includes an automatic mode and a high sensitivity mode.
- the automatic mode is a mode in which a reference target evaporation temperature or a reference target condensation temperature that is a reference value of the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is set according to the outdoor temperature of the external space in which the outdoor unit is arranged.
- the high sensitivity mode is a mode in which the user sets the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature.
- the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode are set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means together with the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode.
- the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is changed by adding a correction corresponding to the rapid variable mode or the slow variable mode to the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable mode when setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means, either the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode, which is one of two modes in which the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature is set differently. Can be set to.
- the automatic mode is set, the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature is set according to the outdoor temperature. Therefore, the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature is set according to the quick variable mode and the slow variable mode.
- the target evaporating temperature or the target condensing temperature set by applying the correction can further improve the degree of energy saving as compared with the case of setting the high sensitivity mode.
- the degree of energy saving can be set according to the user's preference. Thereby, here, it is possible to change the degree of energy saving according to the user's preference while giving priority to energy saving by setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode.
- the air conditioner according to the sixth aspect is the air conditioner according to the fifth aspect, wherein the target refrigerant temperature variable mode further has an eco mode.
- the eco mode is a mode in which the target evaporation temperature or the target condensation temperature is set without correcting the reference target evaporation temperature or the reference target condensation temperature set in the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode.
- the eco mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means together with the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means sets the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode of the target refrigerant temperature variable mode, in addition to the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode, an automatic mode called eco mode or a high sensitivity mode
- the reference target evaporating temperature or the reference target condensing temperature set in step 1 can be set to any one of three modes including different modes.
- the eco mode is set, the target evaporating temperature or the target condensing temperature is set without correcting the reference target evaporating temperature or the reference target condensing temperature, so that the degree of control followability is the closest to the user's preference. can do.
- the degree of control follow-up can be changed according to the user's preference while setting the degree of energy saving by setting the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode.
- the air conditioning apparatus is the air conditioning apparatus according to the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein the reference target evaporation temperature is limited to be equal to or lower than the upper limit evaporation temperature set according to the room temperature.
- the reference target evaporating temperature is set according to the outdoor temperature in the automatic mode and set by the user in the high sensitivity mode, so the humidity of the air-conditioned space is set to the indoor temperature when the outdoor temperature is high and the indoor temperature is low.
- the relative humidity (generally about 60%) may be higher. When the relative humidity increases, uncomfortable feeling increases in the air-conditioned space, so it is necessary to avoid such an operating state.
- the humidity of the air-conditioned space is suitable for the room temperature.
- the humidity is kept below.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 is an apparatus used for air conditioning indoors such as buildings by performing a vapor compression refrigeration cycle operation.
- the air conditioner 1 is mainly configured by connecting an outdoor unit 2 and a plurality (here, two) of indoor units 4a and 4b.
- the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4 a and 4 b are connected via a liquid refrigerant communication tube 6 and a gas refrigerant communication tube 7.
- the vapor compression refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4 a and 4 b via the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7.
- the indoor units 4a and 4b are installed indoors.
- the indoor units 4 a and 4 b are connected to the outdoor unit 2 via the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 and constitute a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the configuration of the indoor units 4a and 4b will be described. Since the indoor unit 4b has the same configuration as the indoor unit 4a, only the configuration of the indoor unit 4a will be described here, and the configuration of the indoor unit 4b is indicated by the suffix a indicating each part of the indoor unit 4a. Instead, a subscript “b” is attached and description of each part is omitted.
- the indoor unit 4a mainly has an indoor refrigerant circuit 10a (in the indoor unit 4b, the indoor refrigerant circuit 10b) that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the indoor refrigerant circuit 10a mainly has an indoor expansion valve 41a and an indoor heat exchanger 42a.
- the indoor expansion valve 41a is a valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant by reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor refrigerant circuit 10a.
- the indoor expansion valve 41a is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a.
- the indoor heat exchanger 42a is composed of, for example, a cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- An indoor fan 43a for sending indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 42a is provided in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 42a. By blowing indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 42a by the indoor fan 43a, the indoor heat exchanger 42a performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the indoor air.
- the indoor fan 43a is rotationally driven by an indoor fan motor 44a. Thereby, the indoor heat exchanger 42a functions as a refrigerant radiator or a refrigerant evaporator.
- various sensors are provided in the indoor unit 4a.
- a liquid side temperature sensor 45a that detects the temperature Trla of the refrigerant in the liquid state or the gas-liquid two-phase state is provided.
- a gas side temperature sensor 46a for detecting the temperature Trga of the refrigerant in the gas state is provided.
- an indoor temperature sensor 47a for detecting the temperature of indoor air in the air-conditioned space targeted by the indoor unit 4a (that is, the indoor temperature Tra) is provided.
- the indoor unit 4a has the indoor side control part 48a which controls operation
- the indoor side control part 48a has a microcomputer, memory, etc. provided in order to control the indoor unit 4a, and controls between the remote controllers 49a for operating the indoor unit 4a separately. Signals and the like can be exchanged, and control signals and the like can be exchanged with the outdoor unit 2.
- the remote controller 49a is a device that allows the user to make various settings related to the air conditioning operation and to run / stop commands.
- the outdoor unit 2 is installed outdoors.
- the outdoor unit 2 is connected to the indoor units 4 a and 4 b via the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the outdoor unit 2 mainly has an outdoor refrigerant circuit 10 c that constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the outdoor refrigerant circuit 10c mainly includes a compressor 21, a switching mechanism 22, an outdoor heat exchanger 23, and an outdoor expansion valve 24.
- the compressor 21 is a hermetic compressor in which a compression element (not shown) and a compressor motor 20 that rotationally drives the compression element are accommodated in a casing.
- the compressor motor 20 is supplied with electric power via an inverter device (not shown), and the operating capacity can be varied by changing the frequency (that is, the rotation speed) of the inverter device. ing.
- the switching mechanism 22 is a four-way switching valve for switching the direction of refrigerant flow.
- the switching mechanism 22 uses the outdoor heat exchanger 23 as a radiator for the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 21 and the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b as the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
- the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 are connected, and the suction side of the compressor 21 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 are connected ( In the solid line of the switching mechanism 22 in FIG.
- the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b are used as the radiator radiators compressed in the compressor 21, and
- the outdoor heat exchanger 23 In order for the outdoor heat exchanger 23 to function as an evaporator for the refrigerant that has dissipated heat in the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b, the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 are connected and the compressor 21 It is possible to connect the gas side of the inlet side and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 (evaporator switching state, see dashed switching mechanism 22 in FIG. 1).
- the switching mechanism 22 may be configured to perform the same function by combining a three-way valve, an electromagnetic valve, or the like instead of the four-way switching valve.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 23 includes, for example, a cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- An outdoor fan 25 for sending outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23. By blowing outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 by the outdoor fan 25, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outdoor air.
- the outdoor fan 25 is rotationally driven by an outdoor fan motor 26. Accordingly, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant radiator or a refrigerant evaporator.
- the outdoor expansion valve 24 is a valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor refrigerant circuit 10c.
- the outdoor expansion valve 24 is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
- the outdoor unit 2 is provided with various sensors.
- the outdoor unit 2 includes a suction pressure sensor 31 that detects the suction pressure Ps of the compressor 21, a discharge pressure sensor 32 that detects the discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 21, and a suction temperature that detects the suction temperature Ts of the compressor 21.
- a sensor 33 and a discharge temperature sensor 34 for detecting the discharge temperature Td of the compressor 21 are provided.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided with an outdoor heat exchange temperature sensor 35 that detects the temperature Tol1 of the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state.
- a liquid side temperature sensor 36 for detecting the temperature Tol2 of the refrigerant in the liquid state or the gas-liquid two-phase state is provided.
- An outdoor temperature sensor 37 that detects the temperature of the outdoor air in the external space in which the outdoor unit 2 is disposed (that is, the outdoor temperature Ta) is provided on the outdoor air inlet side of the outdoor unit 2.
- the outdoor unit 2 also has an outdoor control unit 38 that controls the operation of each part constituting the outdoor unit 2.
- the outdoor control unit 38 includes a microcomputer provided for controlling the outdoor unit 2, an inverter device that controls the memory and the compressor motor 20, and the like, and is provided on the indoor side of the indoor units 4 a and 4 b. Control signals and the like can be exchanged with the control units 48a and 48b.
- the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 are refrigerant pipes that are constructed on the site when the air conditioner 1 is installed, and have various lengths and pipe diameters depending on the installation conditions of the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor units 4a and 4b. Are used.
- Control unit> The remote controllers 49a and 49b for individually operating the indoor units 4a and 4b, the indoor side control units 48a and 48b of the indoor units 4a and 4b, and the outdoor side control unit 38 of the outdoor unit 2 are shown in FIG.
- the control part 8 which performs operation control of the whole air conditioning apparatus 1 is comprised.
- the control unit 8 is connected so as to receive detection signals from various sensors 31 to 37, 45a, 45b, 46a, 46b, 47a, 47b, and the like. Then, the control unit 8 controls the various devices and valves 20, 22, 24, 26, 41a, 41b, 44a, and 44b based on these detection signals and the like, thereby performing the air conditioning operation (cooling operation and heating operation).
- the control unit 8 mainly includes a capacity control unit 81, an indoor control unit 82, a target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83, and a target refrigerant temperature variable unit 84.
- the capacity control means 81 is a means for controlling the air conditioning capacity of the outdoor unit 2 so that the refrigerant evaporation temperature Te or the condensation temperature Tc in the refrigerant circuit 10 becomes the target evaporation temperature Tes or the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the indoor control means 82 is configured so that the indoor temperatures Tra and Trb of the air-conditioned spaces targeted by the indoor units 4a and 4b become the set temperatures Tras and Trbs that are target values of the indoor temperatures Tra and Trb.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 is a means for setting a mode related to the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs, such as setting whether to change or fix the target evaporation temperature Tes or the target condensation temperature Tcs. It is.
- the target refrigerant temperature varying means 84 is a means for changing or fixing the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs according to the mode set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83.
- FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the air conditioner 1.
- the air conditioner 1 includes the refrigerant circuit 10 configured by connecting a plurality (two in this case) of the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2.
- the following air conditioning operation and control are performed by the control unit 8.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the switching mechanism 22.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is condensed by being cooled by exchanging heat with outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 25 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as a refrigerant radiator.
- a high-pressure liquid refrigerant is obtained.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4a and 4b via the outdoor expansion valve 24 and the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a and 4b is depressurized by the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b, and becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- This low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b is combined with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a and 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b that function as refrigerant evaporators. By evaporating by heating through heat exchange, it becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor unit 2 is again sucked into the compressor 21 via the switching mechanism 22.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a and 4b is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b.
- the high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a and 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b functioning as a refrigerant radiator. It is condensed by being cooled to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b.
- the refrigerant decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41 a and 41 b is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7.
- the refrigerant sent to the outdoor unit 2 is sent to the outdoor expansion valve 24, where it is depressurized by the outdoor expansion valve 24 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is heated by exchanging heat with outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 25 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as an evaporator of the refrigerant. As a result, it evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 21 via the switching mechanism 22.
- the air conditioning capability of the outdoor unit 2 is controlled so that the refrigerant evaporation temperature Te or the condensation temperature Tc in the refrigerant circuit 10 becomes the target evaporation temperature Tes or the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the devices and valves 41a, 41b, 44a of the indoor units 4a, 4b are set so that the indoor temperatures Tra, Trb in the indoor units 4a, 4b become the set temperatures Tras, Trbs of the indoor temperatures in the indoor units 4a, 4b. , 44b are controlled. Note that the setting of the indoor temperature setting temperatures Tras and Trbs in each of the indoor units 4a and 4b is performed by the remote controllers 49a and 49b.
- the outdoor unit 2 is controlled by the capacity control means 81 configured by the outdoor control unit 38 of the control unit 8, and the indoor units 4 a and 4 b are controlled by the indoor side control units 48 a and 48 b of the control unit 8. This is performed by the indoor control means 82 constituted by
- the indoor control means 82 of the control unit 8 is configured so that the superheat degrees SHra and SHrb of the refrigerant at the outlets of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b become the target superheat degrees SHras and SHrbs.
- the opening degree of each indoor expansion valve 41a, 41b is controlled (hereinafter, this control is referred to as “superheat degree control by the indoor expansion valve”).
- the superheat degrees SHra and SHrb are the suction pressure Ps detected by the suction pressure sensor 31 and the temperature Trga of the refrigerant on the gas side of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b detected by the gas side temperature sensors 46a and 46b.
- the suction pressure Ps is converted into the refrigerant saturation temperature to obtain the evaporation temperature Te, which is a state quantity equivalent to the evaporation pressure Pe in the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the evaporation pressure Pe is a low-pressure refrigerant that flows from the outlets of the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b to the suction side of the compressor 21 via the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b during the cooling operation. Is a representative pressure.
- superheat degree SHra and SHrb are obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature Te from the temperature Trga and Trgb of the gas side refrigerant
- the capacity control means 81 of the control unit 8 operates the compressor 21 so that the evaporation temperature Te corresponding to the evaporation pressure Pe in the refrigerant circuit 10 approaches the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the capacity is controlled (hereinafter, this control is referred to as “evaporation temperature control by the compressor”).
- the operation capacity of the compressor 21 is controlled by changing the frequency of the compressor motor 20.
- the state quantity to be controlled is the evaporation temperature Te, but it may be the evaporation pressure Pe. In this case, a target evaporation pressure Pes corresponding to the target evaporation temperature Tes may be used.
- the evaporating pressure Pe and the evaporating temperature Te, and the target evaporating pressure Pes and the target evaporating temperature Tes mean substantially the same state quantity although the wording itself is different.
- the basic control superheat degree control by the indoor expansion valves 41 a and 41 b and evaporation temperature control by the compressor 21 are performed.
- the room temperature Tra, Trb in each indoor unit 4a, 4b becomes the set temperature Tras, Trbs of the room temperature in each indoor unit 4a, 4b by such basic control of the cooling operation. I have to.
- the indoor control means 82 of the control unit 8 causes the supercooling degrees SCra and SCrb of the refrigerant at the outlets of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b to become the target supercooling degrees SCras and SCrbs.
- the opening degree of each of the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b is controlled (hereinafter, this control is referred to as “supercooling degree control by the indoor expansion valve”).
- the degree of supercooling SCra and SCrb are the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 32 and the temperature of the refrigerant on the liquid side of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b detected by the liquid side temperature sensors 45a and 45b.
- the discharge pressure Pd is converted into the refrigerant saturation temperature to obtain the condensation temperature Tc, which is a state quantity equivalent to the condensation pressure Pc in the refrigerant circuit 10.
- the condensation pressure Pc represents a high-pressure refrigerant that flows between the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b via the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b during the heating operation. Means the pressure to do.
- the subcooling degrees SCra and SCrb are obtained by subtracting the liquid-side refrigerant temperatures Trla and Trlb of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b from the condensation temperature Tc.
- the capacity control means 81 of the control unit 8 operates the compressor 21 so that the condensation temperature Tc corresponding to the condensation pressure Pe in the refrigerant circuit 10 approaches the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the capacity is controlled (hereinafter, this control is referred to as “condensation temperature control by the compressor”).
- the operation capacity of the compressor 21 is controlled by changing the frequency of the compressor motor 20.
- the state quantity to be controlled is the condensation temperature Tc, but it may be the condensation pressure Pc. In this case, a target condensation pressure Pcs corresponding to the target condensation temperature Tcs may be used.
- the condensing pressure Pc and the condensing temperature Tc, and the target condensing pressure Pcs and the target condensing temperature Tcs mean substantially the same state quantity, although the words themselves are different.
- the basic control supercooling degree control by the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b and condensing temperature control by the compressor 21 are performed.
- the room temperature Tra, Trb in each indoor unit 4a, 4b becomes the set temperature Tras, Trbs of the room temperature in each indoor unit 4a, 4b by such basic control of the heating operation. I have to.
- thermo control When the indoor temperature Tra, Trb in each indoor unit 4a, 4b reaches the set temperature Tras, Trbs of the indoor temperature in each indoor unit 4a, 4b by the basic control of the air conditioning operation (cooling operation and heating operation) as described above.
- the following thermo control is performed.
- a thermo temperature range is set for the set temperatures Tras and Trbs of the indoor units 4a and 4b, and an indoor thermo-off, an indoor thermo-on, an outdoor thermo-off, and an outdoor thermo-on are performed.
- the indoor thermo-off means that the air-conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit is stopped when the room temperature in the indoor unit performing the air-conditioning operation becomes a set temperature.
- the indoor expansion valve of the corresponding indoor unit is closed so that the refrigerant does not flow into the indoor heat exchanger.
- the indoor thermo-ON is to restart the air-conditioning operation of the corresponding indoor unit when the indoor temperature in the indoor unit in the indoor thermo-off state deviates from the thermo-temperature range. That is, the indoor expansion valve of the corresponding indoor unit is opened (that is, the degree of superheat or the degree of supercooling is controlled by the indoor expansion valve) so that the refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger.
- the outdoor thermo-off means that the compressor 21 is stopped when all the indoor units performing the air-conditioning operation are in the indoor thermo-off state.
- the outdoor thermo-on is to restart the compressor 21 when at least one indoor unit is in the indoor thermo-on state in the outdoor thermo-off state.
- coolant flows into the refrigerant circuit 10, and the air conditioning apparatus 1 will be in the state by which the air-conditioning driving
- the indoor thermo-off and the indoor thermo-on are performed by the indoor control means 82 of the control unit 8, and the outdoor thermo-off and the outdoor thermo-on are performed by the capacity control means 81 of the control unit 8.
- the target condensation temperature Tes is increased as the difference increases.
- the target evaporating temperature Tes or the target condensing temperature Tcs is varied, the target evaporating temperature Tes becomes higher and the target condensing temperature Tcs becomes lower when the demand for air conditioning capacity from the indoor units 4a and 4b is small. Since it becomes low, the excess of the air conditioning capability of the outdoor unit 2 is suppressed.
- the indoor units 4a and 4b and the compressor 21 can be operated / stopped, that is, the repetition frequency of indoor thermo-on / indoor thermo-off and outdoor thermo-on / outdoor thermo-off can be reduced, and energy saving can be improved.
- the amount of time until the indoor temperatures Tra and Trb of the air-conditioned space reach the set temperatures Tras and Trbs tends to increase by the amount that the air-conditioning capacity of the outdoor unit 2 tends to be suppressed.
- the comfort may be impaired.
- the target evaporating temperature Tes or the target condensing temperature Tcs is varied according to the air conditioning load characteristics of the building, satisfaction can be obtained for users who prioritize energy-saving performance, but users who prioritize comfort are required. Satisfaction is difficult to obtain, so it cannot be said that it will be satisfactory to any user. Therefore, here, in order to give priority to energy saving or comfort according to user preference, as shown in FIG.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83 is a memory provided in the outdoor side control unit 38 of the control unit 8, and the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83 is configured to perform target control by communication from an external device for performing various control settings of the air conditioner 1.
- Various modes related to the evaporation temperature Tes or the target condensation temperature Tcs can be set.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 is not limited to the above-described one, and for example, the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 relates to the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs, such as a dip switch provided in the outdoor side control unit 38. Any device that can be set to various modes may be used.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various modes related to the settable target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing correction control of the target evaporation temperature Tes in the slow speed variable mode and the quick variable mode (quick mode, powerful mode).
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing correction control of the target condensing temperature Tcs in the slow variable mode and the quick variable mode (quick mode, powerful mode).
- FIG. 6 shows changes over time from the start of the cooling operation of the target evaporating temperature Tes, the room temperature Tr, and the efficiency in the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode and the target refrigerant temperature variable mode (slow variable mode, quick mode, powerful mode).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the target evaporation temperature Tes and the room temperature Tr in the slow variable mode, the quick mode, and the powerful mode when the number of indoor units operated during the cooling operation is increased.
- FIG. 8 shows changes over time in the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode and the target refrigerant temperature variable mode (slow variable mode, quick mode, powerful mode) from the start of the heating operation of the target condensing temperature Tcs, the room temperature Tr, and the efficiency.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the target condensing temperature Tcs and the room temperature Tr in the slow variable mode, the quick mode, and the powerful mode when the number of indoor units operated increases during the heating operation.
- ⁇ Target refrigerant temperature fixed mode> As a mode relating to the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs that can be set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83, as shown in FIG. 3, the target refrigerant temperature fixing mode for fixing the target evaporation temperature Te or the target condensation temperature Tc. There is.
- the target refrigerant temperature fixing mode When the target refrigerant temperature fixing mode is set, the target evaporation temperature Tes in the cooling operation is fixed to a predetermined value, and the target condensation temperature Tcs in the heating operation is fixed to a predetermined value.
- the control unit 8 has a means for changing or fixing the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs according to the mode set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable means 84 is provided. Therefore, when the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83 sets the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode, the target refrigerant temperature variable unit 84 fixes the target evaporation temperature Tes in the cooling operation to a predetermined value, and sets the target condensation temperature Tcs in the heating operation. Fixed to a predetermined value.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is fixed to the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem (for example, 6 ° C.) corresponding to the case where the air conditioning (cooling) capacity of the outdoor unit 2 is 100%.
- the target condensing temperature Tcs is fixed to the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm (for example, 46 ° C.) corresponding to the case where the air conditioning (heating) capacity of the outdoor unit 2 becomes 100%.
- the target evaporation temperature Te or the target condensation temperature Tc is always fixed to the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem or the maximum capacity condensation temperature Tcm.
- ⁇ Target refrigerant temperature variable mode> As a mode related to the target evaporation temperature Tes and the target condensation temperature Tcs that can be set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83, as shown in FIG. 3, the target refrigerant temperature variable for changing the target evaporation temperature Te or the target condensation temperature Tc. There is a mode.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable mode When the target refrigerant temperature variable mode is set, the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb serving as the reference value of the target evaporation temperature Tes in the cooling operation is set automatically or by the user, and the evaporation temperature with respect to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set. By adding the correction value KTec, the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed.
- the reference target condensing temperature KTcb serving as the reference value of the target condensing temperature Tcs is set automatically or by the user, and the condensing temperature correction value KTcc is added to the reference target condensing temperature KTcb.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable mode includes two modes (rapid variable mode and slow variable mode) having different degrees of control followability.
- the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode are set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83.
- the rapid variable mode includes two modes (powerful mode and quick mode) having different levels of control followability.
- the powerful mode and the quick mode are set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable mode includes two modes (automatic mode and high-sensitivity mode) in which the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is set differently.
- the automatic mode or the high sensitivity mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 together with the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode. Further, in the target refrigerant temperature variable mode, as shown in FIG. 3, the target evaporation temperature Tes or the target condensation temperature Tcs without correcting the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb set in the high sensitivity mode. There is an eco-mode. The eco mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 together with the high sensitivity mode.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 can set either the target refrigerant temperature variable mode or the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode.
- energy saving can be prioritized as described below
- target refrigerant temperature fixed mode comfort can be prioritized as described above.
- priority can be given to energy-saving property or comfort can be given priority.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is set according to the outdoor temperature Ta of the external space where the outdoor unit 2 is arranged. Specifically, when the automatic mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83, the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is set based on a function of the outdoor temperature Ta. In the cooling operation, as the outdoor temperature Ta is higher, the air conditioning (cooling) capability tends to be required. Therefore, the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set based on a function that decreases as the outdoor temperature Ta increases.
- the air conditioning (heating) capability tends to be required as the outdoor temperature Ta is lower, so the reference target condensing temperature KTcb is set based on a function that increases as the outdoor temperature Ta decreases. .
- the target refrigerant temperature varying unit 84 automatically sets the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb in the cooling operation to a temperature value obtained based on the above function and the outdoor temperature Ta.
- the reference target condensation temperature KTcb in the heating operation is automatically set to a temperature value obtained based on the above function and the outdoor temperature Ta.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb and the reference target condensing temperature KTcb are changed according to the outdoor temperature Ta, and the following correction in the slow variable mode and the rapid variable mode is further performed.
- the target evaporation temperature Te and the target condensation temperature Tc are changed.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83 sets the automatic mode and the slow variable speed mode
- the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is changed as shown in steps ST1 to ST4 of FIG. 4 during the cooling operation. .
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed by correcting the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb by adding the evaporation temperature correction value KTec.
- the control for correcting the target evaporation temperature Tes by changing the evaporation temperature correction value KTec in the slow speed variable mode and adding the evaporation temperature correction value KTec to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is performed by the target refrigerant temperature variable means 84. Is done by.
- step ST1 an initial value of the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is set.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb.
- step ST3 assuming that the first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed from the transition to step ST2 and that the transition condition of step ST5 described later is not satisfied, the indoor units 4a,
- the room temperature Tra, Trb (hereinafter, subscripts a, b are abbreviated as room temperature Tr) of the air-conditioned space targeted by 4b and the set temperature Tras, Trbs (hereinafter, subscripts a, b) which are target values of the room temperature Tr.
- the correction value ⁇ Tec1 (for example, 0.5 ° C.) is calculated from the current evaporation temperature correction value KTec. By subtracting, the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is reduced and added to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb to correct the target evaporation temperature Tes to be lower.
- time t2 (for example, compared with the maximum (Tr ⁇ Trs) max of the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) among the indoor units in the indoor thermo-ON state)
- a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre1 for example, 0.2 ° C.
- a slow variable control is performed to correct the target evaporation temperature Tes to be low. Yes. That is, when there is no significant change in the room temperature Tr, it is determined that the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) satisfies the condition for lowering the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the indoor unit in the indoor thermo-ON state has the maximum temperature difference (Tr-Trs) (Tr-Trs) max is a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre2 (for example, Even when the temperature is larger than 3 ° C.), the slow variable control for correcting the target evaporation temperature Tes to be low is performed. That is, when the room temperature Tr is higher than the set temperature Trs, it is determined that the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) satisfies the condition for lowering the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- step ST4 on the assumption that a first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has passed since the transition to step ST2, the indoor temperature Tr and the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned space targeted by the indoor units 4a and 4b Slow speed variable control is performed in which the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed in accordance with a temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) from a set temperature Trs that is a target value of Tr.
- the correction value ⁇ Tec2 for example, 1 ° C.
- the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is increased and added to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb to correct the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- time t2 for example, compared with the maximum (Tr ⁇ Trs) max of the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) among the indoor units in the indoor thermo-ON state
- a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre3 for example, 0.5 ° C.
- the indoor unit in the indoor thermo-ON state has the maximum temperature difference (Tr-Trs) (Tr-Trs) max is a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre4 (for example, Even when the temperature is 0.5 ° C. or less, the slow variable control for correcting the target evaporation temperature Tes to be high is performed. That is, when the room temperature Tr is close to or lower than the set temperature Trs, it is determined that the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) satisfies the condition for increasing the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the process returns to the process of step ST2, and thereafter the processes of steps ST2, ST3, ST4 are repeated.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is gradually changed by such a slow speed variable mode, that is, by the slow speed variable control in steps ST2, ST3, and ST4 during the cooling operation. For this reason, excessive air conditioning (cooling) capacity of the outdoor unit 2 can be suppressed, efficiency can be improved easily, and energy saving can be improved.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set according to the outdoor temperature Ta in the automatic mode, the target evaporation set by adding a correction according to the slow variable mode to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb.
- the temperature Tes can further improve the degree of energy saving.
- the maximum value of the temperature difference between the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Trs is used as a condition for changing the target evaporation temperature Tes in the indoor unit that is in operation (in the state of indoor thermo-ON). For this reason, the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed according to the indoor unit that requires the greatest air conditioning (cooling) capability. Thereby, here, the target evaporation temperature Tes can be changed quickly, and the control followability can be improved.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 sets the automatic mode and the slow variable mode, the condensation temperature correction value KTcc is changed during heating operation as shown in steps ST11 to ST14 of FIG. Is done.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is changed by correcting the reference target condensation temperature KTcb by adding the condensation temperature correction value KTcc.
- the target refrigerant temperature variable means 84 performs control for correcting the target condensation temperature Tcs by changing the condensation temperature correction value KTcc and adding the condensation temperature correction value KTcc to the reference target condensation temperature KTcb.
- step ST11 the initial value of the condensation temperature correction value KTcc is set.
- the condensation temperature correction value KTcc 0
- the target condensation temperature Tcs the reference target condensation temperature KTcb.
- the heating operation is started with the reference target condensation temperature KTcb as the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- step ST13 on the assumption that the first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed from the transition to step ST12 and that the transition condition of step ST15 described later is not satisfied, 4b is a variable speed control that changes the target condensing temperature Tcs according to the temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) between the indoor temperature Tr of the air-conditioned space targeted by 4b and the set temperature Trs that is the target value of the indoor temperature Tr.
- the correction value ⁇ Tcc1 for example, 1 ° C.
- the condensing temperature correction value KTcc is increased and added to the reference target condensing temperature KTcb to correct the target condensing temperature Tcs.
- the time t2 (for example, compared with the maximum temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) max among the indoor units in the indoor thermo-ON state (Trs ⁇ Tr) max)
- (Trs ⁇ Tr) max before 5 minutes) is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc1 (for example, 0.2 ° C.)
- a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc1 for example, 0.2 ° C.
- the indoor unit in the indoor thermo-on state having the maximum temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) (Trs ⁇ Tr) max is a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc2 (for example, Even when the temperature is larger than 3 ° C.)
- the slow variable control for correcting the target condensing temperature Tcs to be high is performed. That is, when the room temperature Tr is lower than the set temperature Trs, it is determined that the temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) satisfies the condition that the target condensation temperature Tcs needs to be increased.
- step ST14 on the premise that a first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed since the transition to step ST12, the indoor temperature Tr and the indoor temperature of the air-conditioned space targeted by the indoor units 4a and 4b.
- Slow speed variable control is performed in which the target condensing temperature Tcs is changed in accordance with a temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) from a set temperature Trs that is a target value of Tr.
- the correction value ⁇ Tcc2 (for example, 1.5 ° C.) is calculated from the current condensation temperature correction value KTcc.
- the condensing temperature correction value KTcc is reduced and added to the reference target condensing temperature KTcb to correct the target condensing temperature Tcs.
- the maximum temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) (Trs ⁇ Tr) max is a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc3 (for example, , 1.5 ° C.) or less, the slow variable control for correcting the target condensing temperature Tcs to be low is performed. That is, when the room temperature Tr is close to or higher than the set temperature Trs, it is determined that the temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) satisfies the condition for lowering the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- step ST13 or step ST14 After passing through the process of step ST13 or step ST14, it returns to the process of step ST12, and the process of step ST12, ST13, ST14 is repeated after that.
- the target condensing temperature Tcs is gradually changed by such a slow speed variable mode, that is, the slow speed variable control in steps ST12, ST13, and ST14 during the heating operation.
- the excess of the air conditioning (heating) capability of the outdoor unit 2 can be basically suppressed, the efficiency can be easily improved, and the energy saving performance can be improved.
- the target condensation set by adding a correction according to the slow speed variable mode to the reference target condensation temperature KTcb can further improve the degree of energy saving.
- the maximum value of the temperature difference between the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Trs among the indoor units in operation is used as a condition for changing the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is changed according to the indoor unit that requires the greatest air conditioning (heating) capacity. Thereby, here, the target condensation temperature Tcs can be quickly changed, and the control followability can be improved.
- Rapid variable mode When the automatic mode is set and the rapid variable mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83, the slow variable control by the steps ST1 to ST4 similar to the slow variable mode is performed during the cooling operation.
- the temperature difference (Tr ⁇ Trs) exceeds the threshold temperature difference and the number of indoor units operated increases, the evaporation temperature correction value KTec and the target evaporation temperature Tes are set as shown in step ST5 of FIG. Rapid variable control that is forcibly changed to a rapid follow-up evaporation temperature (here, maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem and minimum evaporation temperature Teex) is performed.
- step ST5 on the assumption that a first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed since the transition to step ST2, the temperature difference (Tr -Trs) is the largest (Tr-Trs) max is greater than a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre2 (for example, 3 ° C.) as the threshold temperature difference, and the number of indoor units in the current indoor thermo-on state is the time t3 ( For example, when the number is larger than the number of indoor units in the indoor thermo-on state 30 seconds before, rapid variable control is performed to correct the target evaporation temperature Tes so as to be rapidly lowered.
- a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Tre2 for example, 3 ° C.
- the outdoor unit 2 needs a large air conditioning (cooling) capacity, It is determined that the condition that the evaporation temperature Tes needs to be lowered rapidly is satisfied.
- the rapid variable mode there are powerful mode and quick mode as the rapid variable mode.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is subtracted from the current evaporation temperature correction value KTec, and the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature (here Then, by adding the minimum evaporation temperature Teex exceeding the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem), the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is changed, and by adding this to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb, the target evaporation temperature Tes is used as the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature.
- Powerful variable control for forcibly changing to the lowest evaporation temperature Teex (for example, 3 ° C.) is performed. That is, the powerful mode is a mode that allows the target evaporation temperature Tes to be changed to the minimum evaporation temperature Teex that exceeds the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is subtracted from the current evaporation temperature correction value KTec and the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature (here Then, by adding the maximum capability evaporation temperature Tem), the evaporation temperature correction value KTec is changed, and by adding this to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb, the target evaporation temperature Tes is used as the maximum follow-up evaporation temperature Tem ( For example, quick variable control forcibly changing to 6 ° C. is performed.
- the quick mode is a mode that does not allow the target evaporation temperature Tes to be changed to the minimum evaporation temperature Teex.
- the control of correcting the target evaporation temperature Tes by changing the evaporation temperature correction value KTec in the rapid variable mode (powerful mode and quick mode) and adding the evaporation temperature correction value KTec to the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is also possible. This is performed by the target refrigerant temperature variable means 84.
- step ST5 the process returns to the process of step ST2, and thereafter, the processes of steps ST2, ST3, ST4, and ST5 are repeated.
- a rapid variable mode that is, the rapid variable control in steps ST2, ST3, ST4, and ST5 during the cooling operation, as shown in FIG.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed so as to reach Trs in a short time (that is, in the slow variable mode, the target evaporation temperature Tes reaches the set temperature Trs in a longer time than in the rapid variable mode in the slow variable mode). Will be changed).
- the control followability can be improved by setting the rapid variable mode as compared with the case of setting the slow variable mode.
- the degree of control follow-up can be changed according to the user's preference while giving priority to energy saving by setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode.
- the step ST3 The target evaporation temperature Tes is changed gradually. For this reason, the excess of the air conditioning (cooling) capability of the outdoor unit 2 can be basically suppressed.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is set to the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature (
- the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem and the minimum evaporation temperature Teex) are changed.
- the target evaporation temperature set by correcting the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb according to the rapid variable mode. Tes can further improve the degree of energy saving.
- the maximum value of the temperature difference between the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Trs among the indoor units in operation is used as a condition for changing the target evaporation temperature Tes.
- the target evaporation temperature Tes is changed according to the indoor unit that requires the greatest air conditioning (cooling) capability. Thereby, here, the target evaporation temperature Tes can be changed quickly, and the control followability can be improved.
- the rapid variable mode (rapid variable control)
- powerful mode powerful variable control
- quick mode quick variable control
- the mode is set to the powerful mode, the change to the minimum evaporation temperature Teex exceeding the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem is allowed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when setting to the quick mode or setting to the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode.
- the control followability is further improved. Thereby, the degree of control follow-up can be further changed according to the user's preference while improving the control follow-up by setting the rapid variable mode.
- the slow variable control by the steps ST11 to ST14 similar to the slow variable mode is performed during the heating operation.
- the temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) exceeds the threshold temperature difference and the number of indoor units operated increases, as shown in step ST15 of FIG. 5, the condensation temperature correction value KTcc, the target condensation temperature Rapid variable control is performed in which Tcs is forcibly changed to a rapid follow-up condensation temperature (here, maximum capacity condensation temperature Tcm or maximum condensation temperature Tcex).
- step ST15 on the assumption that a first waiting time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) has elapsed since the transition to step ST12, the temperature difference (Trs) among the indoor units in the indoor thermo-on state.
- -Tr is the largest (Trs-Tr) max is larger than a predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc2 (for example, 3 ° C.) as a threshold temperature difference
- ⁇ Trc2 for example, 3 ° C.
- the number of indoor units in the current indoor thermo-on state is the time t3 ( For example, when the number is larger than the number of indoor units in the indoor thermo-on state 30 seconds before, rapid variable control for correcting the target condensing temperature Tcs so as to increase rapidly is performed.
- the outdoor unit 2 needs a large air conditioning (heating) capacity. It is determined that the condition that the condensation temperature Tcs needs to be lowered rapidly is satisfied.
- the rapid variable mode there are powerful mode and quick mode as the rapid variable mode.
- the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is subtracted from the current condensation temperature correction value KTcc and the rapid follow-up condensation temperature (here) Then, by adding the maximum condensation temperature Tcex) that exceeds the maximum capacity condensation temperature Tcm, the condensation temperature correction value KTcc is changed, and this is added to the reference target condensation temperature KTcb so that the target condensation temperature Tcs is used as the rapid follow-up condensation temperature.
- Powerful variable control forcibly changing to the maximum condensation temperature Tcex for example, 49 ° C.
- the powerful mode is a mode that allows the target condensing temperature Tcs to be changed to the maximum condensing temperature Tcex exceeding the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm.
- the quick mode when the condition that the target condensation temperature Tcs needs to be rapidly increased is satisfied, the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is subtracted from the current condensation temperature correction value KTcc and the rapid follow-up condensation temperature (here) Then, by adding the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm), the condensing temperature correction value KTcc is changed and added to the reference target condensing temperature KTcb, so that the target condensing temperature Tcs is the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm ( For example, quick variable control forcibly changing to 46 ° C.
- the quick mode is a mode that does not allow the target condensing temperature Tcs to be changed to the maximum condensing temperature Tcex.
- the control of correcting the target condensation temperature Tcs by changing the condensation temperature correction value KTcc in the rapid variable mode (powerful mode and quick mode) and adding the condensation temperature correction value KTcc to the reference target condensation temperature KTcb, This is performed by the target refrigerant temperature variable means 84.
- step ST15 After passing through the process of step ST15, it returns to the process of step ST12, and the process of step ST12, ST13, ST14, ST15 is repeated after that.
- a rapid variable mode that is, rapid variable control in steps ST12, ST13, ST14, and ST15 during heating operation, as shown in FIG. 8
- the room temperature Tr is set to a set temperature as compared with the case of the slow variable mode.
- the target condensing temperature Tcs is changed so as to reach Trs in a short time (that is, in the slow variable mode, the target condensing temperature Tcs is set so that the room temperature Tr reaches the set temperature Trs in a longer time than in the rapid variable mode. Will be changed).
- control followability can be improved by setting the rapid variable mode as compared with the case of setting the slow variable mode.
- the degree of control follow-up can be changed according to the user's preference while giving priority to energy saving by setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode.
- step ST13 The target condensing temperature Tcs is gradually changed. For this reason, the excess of the air conditioning (heating) capability of the outdoor unit 2 can be suppressed basically.
- the temperature difference between the indoor temperature Tr and the set temperature Trs exceeds the threshold temperature difference (here, the predetermined temperature difference ⁇ Trc2) and the number of operating indoor units increases, that is, When the outdoor unit 2 needs to have a large air conditioning (heating) capacity due to an increase in the number of operating units, as shown in FIG.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is set to the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature ( Here, the maximum capacity condensation temperature Tcm and the maximum condensation temperature Tcex) are changed. Thereby, here, energy savings can be improved by varying the target condensation temperature Tcs, and sufficient control follow-up can be obtained even when the number of indoor units operating is increased.
- the target condensation temperature set by correcting the reference target condensation temperature KTeb according to the rapid variable mode. Tcs can further improve the degree of energy saving.
- the maximum value of the temperature difference between the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Trs among the indoor units in operation is used as a condition for changing the target condensation temperature Tcs.
- the target condensation temperature Tcs is changed according to the indoor unit that requires the greatest air conditioning (heating) capacity. Thereby, here, the target condensation temperature Tcs can be quickly changed, and the control followability can be improved.
- the rapid variable mode (rapid variable control)
- powerful mode powerful variable control
- quick mode quick variable control
- the powerful mode the change to the maximum condensing temperature Tcex exceeding the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm is allowed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when setting the quick mode or setting the target refrigerant temperature fixed mode.
- the control followability is further improved. Thereby, the degree of control follow-up can be further changed according to the user's preference while improving the control follow-up by setting the rapid variable mode.
- the reference target evaporation set in the automatic mode is different from the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode during the cooling operation.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set as the target evaporation temperature Tes without correcting the temperature KTeb (that is, only the change according to the outdoor temperature Ta is performed).
- the reference set in the automatic mode is different from the above-described rapid variable mode and slow variable mode during heating operation.
- the reference target condensing temperature KTcb is set as the target condensing temperature Tcs without correcting the target condensing temperature KTcb (that is, only changing according to the outdoor temperature Ta).
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensing temperature set in the automatic mode called the eco mode in addition to the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode. It can be set to any one of three modes including modes with different KTcb correction methods.
- the eco mode is set, the target evaporating temperature Tes or the target condensing temperature Tcs is set without correcting the reference target evaporating temperature KTeb or the reference target condensing temperature KTcb.
- the degree of control follow-up can be changed according to the user's preference while setting the degree of energy saving by setting the automatic mode.
- the user sets the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb can be set by selecting one of a plurality of temperature values (for example, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ° C.) higher than the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem.
- the reference target condensing temperature KTcb can be set by selecting one of a plurality of temperature values (for example, 41, 43 ° C.) lower than the maximum capacity condensing temperature Tcm.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb and the reference target condensation temperature KTcb are set by the user in the cooling operation and the heating operation, and then the slow variable mode similar to the automatic mode is set.
- the target evaporating temperature Tes and the target condensing temperature Tcs are changed by further adding correction in the rapid variable mode or by not adding correction (eco mode).
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting unit 83 sets the target refrigerant temperature variable mode, there is a method of setting the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensing temperature KTcb in the automatic mode and the high sensitivity mode.
- One of two different modes can be set.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is set according to the outdoor temperature Ta, so that the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target condensation temperature KTcb is rapidly increased.
- the target evaporating temperature Tes or the target condensing temperature Tcs set by applying correction according to the variable mode and the slow variable mode can further improve the degree of energy saving as compared with the case where the high sensitivity mode is set. .
- the high sensitivity mode is set, the degree of energy saving can be set according to the user's preference. Thereby, here, it is possible to change the degree of energy saving according to the user's preference while giving priority to energy saving by setting the target refrigerant temperature variable mode.
- Rapid variable mode When the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 sets the high sensitivity mode and the rapid variable mode (powerful mode or quick mode), the same steps ST1 to ST4 as in the above-described slow variable mode are performed during cooling operation.
- the variable speed control When the variable speed control is performed, the temperature difference (Tr-Trs) exceeds the threshold temperature difference, and the number of indoor units operated increases, as shown in step ST5 of FIG. 4, the evaporation temperature correction is performed.
- Rapid variable control powerful variable control or quick variable control in which the value KTec and the target evaporation temperature Tes are forcibly changed to the rapid follow-up evaporation temperature (here, the maximum capacity evaporation temperature Tem and the minimum evaporation temperature Teex) is performed.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 sets the high sensitivity mode and the rapid variable mode (powerful mode or quick mode), the same steps ST11 to ST11 as in the above-described slow variable mode are also performed during heating operation.
- the slow speed variable control is performed in ST14, the temperature difference (Trs ⁇ Tr) exceeds the threshold temperature difference, and the number of indoor units operated increases, as shown in step ST15 in FIG.
- Rapid variable control is performed in which the temperature correction value KTcc and the target condensation temperature Tcs are forcibly changed to the rapid follow-up condensation temperature (here, the maximum capacity condensation temperature Tcm and the maximum condensation temperature Tcex). Is called.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set as the target evaporation temperature Tes without correcting the target evaporation temperature KTeb (that is, unlike the automatic mode, without changing according to the outdoor temperature Ta).
- the high-sensitivity mode is set and the eco-mode is set by the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83, during the heating operation, the high-sensitivity mode is set unlike the rapid variable mode and the slow variable mode.
- the reference target condensing temperature KTcb is set as the target condensing temperature Tcs without correcting the reference target condensing temperature KTcb (that is, unlike the automatic mode, without changing according to the outdoor temperature Ta).
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb or the reference target set in the high sensitivity mode called the eco mode is set.
- the condensing temperature KTcb can be set to any one of three modes including different modes.
- the eco mode is set, the target evaporating temperature Tes or the target condensing temperature Tcs is set without correcting the reference target evaporating temperature KTeb or the reference target condensing temperature KTcb.
- the target refrigerant temperature varying means 84 determines whether or not the slow speed variable control (steps ST3, ST4, ST13, ST14) is necessary for each first waiting time t1.
- the necessity of the rapid variable control is determined for each first waiting time t1. For this reason, control can be performed only for each first waiting time t1 whether or not the increase in the number of operating indoor units occurs.
- the target refrigerant temperature varying means 84 determines whether or not the slow variable control is necessary every time the first waiting time t1 elapses, and from the first waiting time t1.
- the necessity of the rapid variable control is determined every time when the second second waiting time t3 elapses. For this reason, compared to the slow variable control, the rapid variable control can be performed more frequently, and it is possible to quickly detect that the rapid variable control is necessary. Thereby, the control followability of rapid variable control can be improved here.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is set according to the outdoor temperature Ta in the automatic mode, and is set by the user in the high sensitivity mode.
- the humidity of the air-conditioned space is higher than the relative humidity (generally about 60%) suitable for the indoor temperature Tr. There can be.
- the relative humidity generally increases, uncomfortable feeling increases in the air-conditioned space, so it is necessary to avoid such an operating state.
- the reference target evaporation temperature KTeb is limited to be equal to or lower than the upper limit evaporation temperature set according to the room temperature Tr.
- the upper limit evaporating temperature can be set based on a function of the room temperature Tr.
- the relative humidity tends to decrease as the indoor temperature Tr increases, the upper limit evaporating temperature is set based on a function that increases as the indoor temperature Tr increases.
- the humidity of the air-conditioned space becomes the room temperature Tr.
- the relative humidity can be reduced below.
- the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 is provided in the outdoor side control unit 38, but is not limited thereto.
- a centralized control device such as a centralized remote controller that controls the air conditioner 1 collectively with a plurality of indoor units (and also with a plurality of outdoor units when there are a plurality of outdoor units). May be provided with the target refrigerant temperature mode setting means 83 in the centralized control device. In this case, the mode setting can be performed more easily.
- the present invention is widely applicable to an air conditioner including a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a plurality of indoor units to an outdoor unit.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、その一方で、室外ユニットの空調能力が抑制されやすい傾向になっている分だけ、空調空間の室内温度がその目標値である設定温度に到達するまでの時間が長くなる傾向になり、快適性が損なわれるおそれがある。このため、快適性を優先するユーザーには、満足が得られにくい空気調和装置となっている。
このように、空気調和装置において、省エネ性を優先するか、又は、快適性を優先するかは、ユーザーの嗜好によって異なるため、どのようなユーザーにも満足が得られる空気調和装置の提供が望まれている。
これにより、ここでは、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性を優先したり、快適性を優先することができるようになる。
これにより、ここでは、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定することによって省エネ性を優先しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
ここでは、常時、目標蒸発温度又は目標凝縮温度が最大能力蒸発温度又は最大能力凝縮温度に固定されることになる。
これにより、ここでは、常時、快適性が優先された状態で空調運転を行うことができる。
これにより、ここでは、急速可変モードに設定することによって制御追従性を向上させつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度をさらに変更することができる。
これにより、ここでは、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定することによって省エネ性を優先しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性の程度を変更することができる。
これにより、ここでは、自動モード又は高感度モードに設定することによって省エネ性の程度を設定しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
基準目標蒸発温度は、自動モードでは室外温度に応じて設定され、高感度モードではユーザーによって設定されるため、室外温度が高く、かつ、室内温度が低い運転状態では、空調空間の湿度が室内温度に適した相対湿度(一般的には、60%程度)よりも高くなる場合があり得る。相対湿度が高くなると、空調空間において不快感が高まることから、このような運転状態を避ける必要がある。
これにより、ここでは、空調空間における不快感を抑えつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性の程度や制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態にかかる空気調和装置1の概略構成図である。空気調和装置1は、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクル運転を行うことによって、ビル等の屋内の空調に使用される装置である。空気調和装置1は、主として、室外ユニット2と、複数(ここでは、2台)の室内ユニット4a、4bとが接続されることによって構成されている。ここで、室外ユニット2と複数の室内ユニット4a、4bとは、液冷媒連絡管6及びガス冷媒連絡管7を介して接続されている。すなわち、空気調和装置1の蒸気圧縮式の冷媒回路10は、室外ユニット2と、複数の室内ユニット4a、4bとが冷媒連絡管6、7を介して接続されることによって構成されている。
室内ユニット4a、4bは、屋内に設置されている。室内ユニット4a、4bは、冷媒連絡管6、7を介して室外ユニット2に接続されており、冷媒回路10の一部を構成している。
次に、室内ユニット4a、4bの構成について説明する。尚、室内ユニット4bは、室内ユニット4aと同様の構成を有するため、ここでは、室内ユニット4aの構成のみ説明し、室内ユニット4bの構成については、それぞれ、室内ユニット4aの各部を示す添字aの代わりに添字bを付して、各部の説明を省略する。
室内ユニット4aは、主として、冷媒回路10の一部を構成する室内側冷媒回路10a(室内ユニット4bでは、室内側冷媒回路10b)を有している。室内側冷媒回路10aは、主として、室内膨張弁41aと、室内熱交換器42aとを有している。
室内熱交換器42aは、例えば、クロスフィン式のフィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器からなる。室内熱交換器42aの近傍には、室内熱交換器42aに室内空気を送るための室内ファン43aが設けられている。室内ファン43aによって室内熱交換器42aに対して室内空気を送風することにより、室内熱交換器42aでは、冷媒と室内空気との間で熱交換が行われる。室内ファン43aは、室内ファンモータ44aによって回転駆動されるようになっている。これにより、室内熱交換器42aは、冷媒の放熱器や冷媒の蒸発器として機能するようになっている。
室外ユニット2は、屋外に設置されている。室外ユニット2は、冷媒連絡管6、7を介して室内ユニット4a、4bに接続されており、冷媒回路10の一部を構成している。
次に、室外ユニット2の構成について説明する。
室外ユニット2は、主として、冷媒回路10の一部を構成する室外側冷媒回路10cを有している。この室外側冷媒回路10cは、主として、圧縮機21と、切換機構22と、室外熱交換器23と、室外膨張弁24とを有している。
圧縮機21は、ケーシング内に図示しない圧縮要素及び圧縮要素を回転駆動する圧縮機モータ20が収容された密閉型圧縮機である。圧縮機モータ20は、図示しないインバータ装置を介して電力が供給されるようになっており、インバータ装置の周波数(すなわち、回転数)を変化させることによって、運転容量を可変することが可能になっている。
室外膨張弁24は、室外側冷媒回路10cを流れる冷媒を減圧する弁である。室外膨張弁24は、室外熱交換器23の液側に接続された電動膨張弁である。
また、室外ユニット2には、各種のセンサが設けられている。室外ユニット2には、圧縮機21の吸入圧力Psを検出する吸入圧力センサ31と、圧縮機21の吐出圧力Pdを検出する吐出圧力センサ32と、圧縮機21の吸入温度Tsを検出する吸入温度センサ33と、圧縮機21の吐出温度Tdを検出する吐出温度センサ34とが設けられている。室外熱交換器23には、気液二相状態の冷媒の温度Tol1を検出する室外熱交温度センサ35が設けられている。室外熱交換器23の液側には、液状態又は気液二相状態の冷媒の温度Tol2を検出する液側温度センサ36が設けられている。室外ユニット2の室外空気の吸入口側には、室外ユニット2が配置される外部空間の室外空気の温度(すなわち、室外温度Ta)を検出する室外温度センサ37が設けられている。また、室外ユニット2は、室外ユニット2を構成する各部の動作を制御する室外側制御部38を有している。そして、室外側制御部38は、室外ユニット2の制御を行うために設けられたマイクロコンピュータ、メモリや圧縮機モータ20を制御するインバータ装置等を有しており、室内ユニット4a、4bの室内側制御部48a、48bとの間で制御信号等のやりとりを行うことができるようになっている。
冷媒連絡管6、7は、空気調和装置1を設置する際に、現地にて施工される冷媒管であり、室外ユニット2及び室内ユニット4a、4bの設置条件に応じて種々の長さや管径を有するものが使用される。
室内ユニット4a、4bを個別に操作するためのリモートコントローラ49a、49bと、室内ユニット4a、4bの室内側制御部48a、48bと、室外ユニット2の室外側制御部38とは、図1に示すように、空気調和装置1全体の運転制御を行う制御部8を構成している。制御部8は、図2に示されるように、各種センサ31~37、45a、45b、46a、46b、47a、47b等の検出信号を受けることができるように接続されている。そして、制御部8は、これらの検出信号等に基づいて各種機器及び弁20、22、24、26、41a、41b、44a、44bを制御することによって、空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)を行うことができるように構成されている。また、ここでは、制御部8は、主として、能力制御手段81と、室内制御手段82と、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83と、目標冷媒温度可変手段84とを有している。能力制御手段81は、冷媒回路10における冷媒の蒸発温度Te又は凝縮温度Tcが目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsになるように室外ユニット2の空調能力を制御する手段である。室内制御手段82は、各室内ユニット4a、4bが対象とする空調空間の室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内温度Tra、Trbの目標値である設定温度Tras、Trbsになるように、各室内ユニット4a、4bの機器及び弁41a、41b、44a、44bを制御する手段である。目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83は、目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsを変更するか又は固定するかを設定する等のような目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsに関するモードを設定するための手段である。目標冷媒温度可変手段84は、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって設定されたモードに応じて目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsの変更や固定を行うための手段である。ここで、図2は、空気調和装置1の制御ブロック図である。
次に、空気調和装置1の空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)の基本動作について、図1を用いて説明する。
リモートコントローラ49a、49bから冷房運転の指令がなされると、切換機構22が放熱運転状態(図1の切換機構22の実線で示された状態)に切り換えられて、圧縮機21、室外ファン25及び室内ファン43a、43bが起動する。
室内ユニット4a、4bに送られた高圧の液冷媒は、室内膨張弁41a、41bによって減圧されて、低圧の気液二相状態の冷媒となる。この低圧の気液二相状態の冷媒は、室内熱交換器42a、42bに送られる。室内熱交換器42a、42bに送られた低圧の気液二相状態の冷媒は、冷媒の蒸発器として機能する室内熱交換器42a、42bにおいて、室内ファン43a、43bによって供給される室内空気と熱交換を行って加熱されることによって蒸発して、低圧のガス冷媒となる。この低圧のガス冷媒は、ガス冷媒連絡管7を経由して、室内ユニット4a、4bから室外ユニット2に送られる。
室外ユニット2に送られた低圧のガス冷媒は、切換機構22を経由して、再び、圧縮機21に吸入される。
リモートコントローラ49a、49bから暖房運転の指令がなされると、切換機構22が蒸発運転状態(図1の切換機構22の破線で示された状態)に切り換えられて、圧縮機21、室外ファン25及び室内ファン43a、43bが起動する。
すると、冷媒回路10内の低圧のガス冷媒は、圧縮機21に吸入されて圧縮されて高圧のガス冷媒となる。この高圧のガス冷媒は、切換機構22及びガス冷媒連絡管7を経由して、室外ユニット2から室内ユニット4a、4bに送られる。
室内ユニット4a、4bに送られた高圧のガス冷媒は、室内熱交換器42a、42bに送られる。室内熱交換器42a、42bに送られた高圧のガス冷媒は、冷媒の放熱器として機能する室内熱交換器42a、42bにおいて、室内ファン43a、43bによって供給される室内空気と熱交換を行って冷却されることによって凝縮して、高圧の液冷媒となる。この高圧の液冷媒は、室内膨張弁41a、41bによって減圧される。室内膨張弁41a、41bによって減圧された冷媒は、ガス冷媒連絡管7を経由して、室内ユニット4a、4bから室外ユニット2に送られる。
上記の空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)においては、冷媒回路10における冷媒の蒸発温度Te又は凝縮温度Tcが目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsになるように室外ユニット2の空調能力が制御される。また、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsになるように各室内ユニット4a、4bの機器及び弁41a、41b、44a、44bが制御される。尚、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsの設定は、リモートコントローラ49a、49bによって行われる。また、室外ユニット2の制御は、制御部8の室外側制御部38が構成する能力制御手段81によって行われ、各室内ユニット4a、4bの制御は、制御部8の室内側制御部48a、48bが構成する室内制御手段82によって行われる。
空調運転が冷房運転である場合において、制御部8の室内制御手段82は、各室内熱交換器42a、42bの出口における冷媒の過熱度SHra、SHrbが目標過熱度SHras、SHrbsになるように、各室内膨張弁41a、41bの開度を制御している(以下、この制御を「室内膨張弁による過熱度制御」とする)。ここで、過熱度SHra、SHrbは、吸入圧力センサ31によって検出される吸入圧力Ps、及び、ガス側温度センサ46a、46bによって検出される室内熱交換器42a、42bのガス側の冷媒の温度Trga、Trgbから算出される。より具体的には、まず、吸入圧力Psを冷媒の飽和温度に換算して、冷媒回路10における蒸発圧力Peに等価な状態量である蒸発温度Teを得る。ここで、蒸発圧力Peとは、冷房運転時において、室内膨張弁41a、41bの出口から室内熱交換器42a、42bを経由して圧縮機21の吸入側に至るまでの間を流れる低圧の冷媒を代表する圧力を意味している。そして、各室内熱交換器42a、42bのガス側の冷媒の温度Trga、Trgbから蒸発温度Teを差し引くことによって過熱度SHra、SHrbを得る。
このように、冷房運転においては、その基本制御として、室内膨張弁41a、41bによる過熱度制御、及び、圧縮機21による蒸発温度制御が行われるようになっている。そして、空気調和装置1では、このような冷房運転の基本制御によって、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsになるようにしている。
空調運転が暖房運転である場合において、制御部8の室内制御手段82は、各室内熱交換器42a、42bの出口における冷媒の過冷却度SCra、SCrbが目標過冷却度SCras、SCrbsになるように、各室内膨張弁41a、41bの開度を制御している(以下、この制御を「室内膨張弁による過冷却度制御」とする)。ここで、過冷却度SCra、SCrbは、吐出圧力センサ32によって検出される吐出圧力Pd、及び、液側温度センサ45a、45bによって検出される室内熱交換器42a、42bの液側の冷媒の温度Trla、Trlbから算出される。より具体的には、まず、吐出圧力Pdを冷媒の飽和温度に換算して、冷媒回路10における凝縮圧力Pcに等価な状態量である凝縮温度Tcを得る。ここで、凝縮圧力Pcとは、暖房運転時において、圧縮機21の吐出側から室内熱交換器42a、42bを経由して室内膨張弁41a、41bに至るまでの間を流れる高圧の冷媒を代表する圧力を意味している。そして、凝縮温度Tcから各室内熱交換器42a、42bの液側の冷媒の温度Trla、Trlbを差し引くことによって過冷却度SCra、SCrbを得る。
このように、暖房運転においては、その基本制御として、室内膨張弁41a、41bによる過冷却度制御、及び、圧縮機21による凝縮温度制御が行われるようになっている。そして、空気調和装置1では、このような暖房運転の基本制御によって、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsになるようにしている。
上記のような空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)の基本制御によって、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsに達すると、以下のようなサーモ制御が行われる。
このサーモ制御は、各室内ユニット4a、4bの設定温度Tras、Trbsに対してサーモ温度幅を設定し、室内サーモオフ、室内サーモオン、室外サーモオフ、及び、室外サーモオンを行う。ここで、室内サーモオフとは、空調運転を行っている室内ユニットにおける室内温度が設定温度になった場合に、対応する室内ユニットの空調運転を休止することである。すなわち、対応する室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を閉止して、室内熱交換器に冷媒が流れないようにする。室内サーモオンとは、室内サーモオフの状態の室内ユニットにおける室内温度がサーモ温度幅から外れた場合に、対応する室内ユニットの空調運転を再開することである。すなわち、対応する室内ユニットの室内膨張弁を開けて(すなわち、室内膨張弁による過熱度制御又は過冷却度制御を行って)、室内熱交換器に冷媒が流れるようにする。室外サーモオフとは、空調運転を行っているすべての室内ユニットが室内サーモオフの状態になった場合に、圧縮機21を停止することである。これにより、冷媒回路10内の冷媒の流れが止まり、空気調和装置1は、空調運転の運転指令はなされているものの、実質的には、空調運転がすべて停止された状態となる。室外サーモオンとは、室外サーモオフの状態において少なくとも1つの室内ユニットが室内サーモオンの状態になった場合に、圧縮機21を再起動することである。これにより、冷媒回路10内に冷媒が流れるようになり、空気調和装置1は、空調運転が再開された状態になる。ここで、室内サーモオフ及び室内サーモオンは、制御部8の室内制御手段82によって行われ、室外サーモオフ及び室外サーモオンは、制御部8の能力制御手段81によって行われる。
上記のようなサーモ制御を伴う空調運転(冷房運転及び暖房運転)を行うと、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度Tra、Trbが、各室内ユニット4a、4bにおける室内温度の設定温度Tras、Trbsになるように制御される。
ここで、特許文献1のように、目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsを建物の空調負荷特性に応じて可変を行うようにすることが考えられる。すなわち、冷房運転時においては、設定温度Tras、Trbsと室外温度Taとの温度差が大きいほど目標蒸発温度Tesを低くし、暖房運転時においては、設定温度Tras、Trbsと室外温度Taとの温度差が大きいほど目標凝縮温度Tesを高くすることが考えられる。そして、このような目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsの可変を行うと、室内ユニット4a、4bからの空調能力の要求が小さい場合には、目標蒸発温度Tesが高くなり、目標凝縮温度Tcsが低くなるため、室外ユニット2の空調能力の過多が抑制されることになる。これにより、室内ユニット4a、4bや圧縮機21の運転/停止、すなわち、室内サーモオン/室内サーモオフや室外サーモオン/室外サーモオフの繰り返し頻度の低減を図り、省エネ性を向上させることができるようになる。
このように、目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsを建物の空調負荷特性に応じて可変を行うだけでは、省エネ性を優先するユーザーには満足が得られるものの、快適性を優先するユーザーには満足が得られにくくなるため、どのようなユーザーにも満足が得られるものにはなっているとはいえない。
そこで、ここでは、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性を優先したり、快適性を優先することができるようにするために、図2に示すように、目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsを変更するか又は固定するかを設定する等のような目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsに関するモードを設定するための目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83を制御部8に設けるようにしている。ここでは、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83は、制御部8の室外側制御部38に設けられたメモリであり、空気調和装置1の各種制御設定等を行うための外部機器からの通信によって、目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsに関する各種モードに設定することができるようになっている。尚、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83は、上記のものに限定されるものではなく、例えば、室外側制御部38に設けられたディップスイッチ等のように、目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsに関する各種モードに設定することができるものであればよい。
まず、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって設定可能な目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsに関するモードとして、図3に示すように、目標蒸発温度Te又は目標凝縮温度Tcを固定する目標冷媒温度固定モードがある。この目標冷媒温度固定モードに設定すると、冷房運転における目標蒸発温度Tesが所定値に固定され、暖房運転における目標凝縮温度Tcsが所定値に固定される。
ここで、制御部8には、図2に示すように、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって設定されたモードに応じて目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsの変更や固定を行うための手段としての目標冷媒温度可変手段84が設けられている。このため、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって目標冷媒温度固定モードに設定すると、目標冷媒温度可変手段84は、冷房運転における目標蒸発温度Tesを所定値に固定し、暖房運転における目標凝縮温度Tcsを所定値に固定する。
この目標冷媒温度固定モードでは、常時、目標蒸発温度Te又は目標凝縮温度Tcが最大能力蒸発温度Tem又は最大能力凝縮温度Tcmに固定されることになる。
これにより、目標冷媒温度固定モードに設定する場合には、図6及び図8に示すように、常時、快適性が優先された状態で空調運転を行うことができる。但し、室外ユニット2の空調能力が過多になりやすいため、効率は低下しやすくなる。
次に、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって設定可能な目標蒸発温度Tes及び目標凝縮温度Tcsに関するモードとして、図3に示すように、目標蒸発温度Te又は目標凝縮温度Tcを変更する目標冷媒温度可変モードがある。この目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定すると、冷房運転における目標蒸発温度Tesの基準値となる基準目標蒸発温度KTebを自動的に又はユーザーによって設定し、そして、この基準目標蒸発温度KTebに対して蒸発温度補正値KTecを加えることによって目標蒸発温度Tesが変更される。すなわち、目標蒸発温度Tesは、Tes=KTeb+KTecという式によって表すことができる。また、暖房運転においては、目標凝縮温度Tcsの基準値となる基準目標凝縮温度KTcbを自動的に又はユーザーによって設定し、そして、この基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに対して凝縮温度補正値KTccを加えることによって目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更される。すなわち、目標凝縮温度Tcsは、Tcs=KTcb+KTccという式によって表すことができる。
自動モードにおいては、室外ユニット2が配置される外部空間の室外温度Taに応じて基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが設定されることになる。具体的には、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって自動モードに設定すると、基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが室外温度Taの関数に基づいて設定される。冷房運転においては、室外温度Taが高いほど空調(冷房)能力が要求される傾向にあるため、基準目標蒸発温度KTebは、室外温度Taが高くなるにつれて低くなる関数に基づいて設定される。また、暖房運転においては、室外温度Taが低いほど空調(暖房)能力が要求される傾向にあるため、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbは、室外温度Taが低くなるにつれて高くなる関数に基づいて設定される。このため、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって自動モードに設定すると、目標冷媒温度可変手段84は、冷房運転における基準目標蒸発温度KTebを上記の関数及び室外温度Taに基づいて得られる温度値に自動的に設定し、暖房運転における基準目標凝縮温度KTcbを上記の関数及び室外温度Taに基づいて得られる温度値に自動的に設定する。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、自動モードに設定するとともに緩速可変モードに設定すると、冷房運転時においては、図4のステップST1~ST4に示すように、蒸発温度補正値KTecが変更される。そして、基準目標蒸発温度KTebに対して、この蒸発温度補正値KTecを加える補正を行うことによって目標蒸発温度Tesが変更される。尚、緩速可変モードにおける蒸発温度補正値KTecの変更、及び、基準目標蒸発温度KTebに対して蒸発温度補正値KTecを加えることで目標蒸発温度Tesを補正する制御は、目標冷媒温度可変手段84によって行われる。
そして、ステップST2で現状維持する処理を経た後に、ステップST3又はステップST4の処理に移行する。
ステップST3においては、ステップST2への移行から第1待ち時間t1(例えば、10分)が経過していること、かつ、後述のステップST5の移行条件を満たさないことを前提として、室内ユニット4a、4bが対象とする空調空間の室内温度Tra、Trb(以下、添字a、bを略して室内温度Trとする)と室内温度Trの目標値である設定温度Tras、Trbs(以下、添字a、bを略して設定温度Trsとする)との温度差(Tr-Trs)に応じて目標蒸発温度Tesを変更する緩速可変制御を行う。ここでは、温度差(Tr-Trs)が目標蒸発温度Tesを低くする必要がある条件を満たすと判定した場合に、現在の蒸発温度補正値KTecから補正値ΔTec1(例えば、0.5℃)を差し引くことによって、蒸発温度補正値KTecを小さくし、これを基準目標蒸発温度KTebに加えることで目標蒸発温度Tesが低くなるように補正する。
ここで、温度差(Tr-Trs)の条件としては、室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニットのうち温度差(Tr-Trs)が最大のもの(Tr-Trs)maxに比べて時間t2(例えば、5分)前の(Tr-Trs)maxが所定の温度差ΔTre3(例えば、0.5℃)よりも大きい場合に、目標蒸発温度Tesが高くなるように補正する緩速可変制御を行うものとしている。すなわち、室内温度Trが低下傾向にある場合には、温度差(Tr-Trs)が目標蒸発温度Tesを高くする必要がある条件を満たすものと判定している。また、温度差(Tr-Trs)の条件としては、室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニットのうち温度差(Tr-Trs)が最大のもの(Tr-Trs)maxが所定の温度差ΔTre4(例えば、0.5℃)以下である場合にも、目標蒸発温度Tesが高くなるように補正する緩速可変制御を行うものとしている。すなわち、室内温度Trが設定温度Trs付近又は低い場合には、温度差(Tr-Trs)が目標蒸発温度Tesを高くする必要がある条件を満たすものと判定している。
このような緩速可変モード、すなわち、冷房運転時におけるステップST2、ST3、ST4による緩速可変制御によって、図6に示すように、目標蒸発温度Tesが緩やかに変更されることになる。このため、室外ユニット2の空調(冷房)能力の過多を抑制することができ、効率が向上しやすくなり、省エネ性を向上させることができる。
しかも、ここでは、自動モードによって、室外温度Taに応じて基準目標蒸発温度KTebが設定されるため、この基準目標蒸発温度KTebに緩速可変モードに応じた補正が加わることによって設定される目標蒸発温度Tesは、省エネ性の程度をさらに向上させることができる。
また、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、自動モードに設定するとともに緩速可変モードに設定すると、暖房運転時においては、図5のステップST11~ST14に示すように、凝縮温度補正値KTccが変更される。そして、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに対して、この凝縮温度補正値KTccを加える補正を行うことによって目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更される。尚、凝縮温度補正値KTccの変更、及び、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに対して凝縮温度補正値KTccを加えることで目標凝縮温度Tcsを補正する制御は、目標冷媒温度可変手段84によって行われる。
そして、ステップST12で現状維持する処理を経た後に、ステップST13又はステップST14の処理に移行する。
ステップST13においては、ステップST12への移行から第1待ち時間t1(例えば、10分)が経過していること、かつ、後述のステップST15の移行条件を満たさないことを前提として、室内ユニット4a、4bが対象とする空調空間の室内温度Trと室内温度Trの目標値である設定温度Trsとの温度差(Trs-Tr)に応じて目標凝縮温度Tcsを変更する緩速可変制御を行う。ここでは、温度差(Trs-Tr)が目標凝縮温度Tcsを高くする必要がある条件を満たすと判定した場合に、現在の凝縮温度補正値KTccに補正値ΔTcc1(例えば、1℃)を加えることによって、凝縮温度補正値KTccを大きくし、これを基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに加えることで目標凝縮温度Tcsが高くなるように補正する。
ここで、温度差(Trs-Tr)の条件としては、室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニットのうち温度差(Trs-Tr)が最大のもの(Trs-Tr)maxが所定の温度差ΔTrc3(例えば、1.5℃)以下である場合にも、目標凝縮温度Tcsが低くなるように補正する緩速可変制御を行うものとしている。すなわち、室内温度Trが設定温度Trs付近又は高い場合には、温度差(Trs-Tr)が目標凝縮温度Tcsを低くする必要がある条件を満たすものと判定している。
このような緩速可変モード、すなわち、暖房運転時におけるステップST12、ST13、ST14による緩速可変制御によって、図8に示すように、目標凝縮温度Tcsが緩やかに変更されることになる。このため、基本的には、室外ユニット2の空調(暖房)能力の過多を抑制することができ、効率が向上しやすくなり、省エネ性を向上させることができる。
しかも、ここでは、自動モードによって、室外温度Taに応じて基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが設定されるため、この基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに緩速可変モードに応じた補正が加わることによって設定される目標凝縮温度Tcsは、省エネ性の程度をさらに向上させることができる。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、自動モードに設定するとともに急速可変モードに設定すると、冷房運転時においては、上記の緩速可変モードと同様のステップST1~ST4による緩速可変制御が行われるとともに、温度差(Tr-Trs)が閾温度差を超え、かつ、室内ユニットの運転台数が増加した場合には、図4のステップST5に示すように、蒸発温度補正値KTec、目標蒸発温度Tesが急速追従蒸発温度(ここでは、最大能力蒸発温度Temや最低蒸発温度Teex)に強制的に変更される急速可変制御が行われる。
このような急速可変モード、すなわち、冷房運転時におけるステップST2、ST3、ST4、ST5による急速可変制御によって、図6に示すように、緩速可変モードによる場合に比べて、室内温度Trを設定温度Trsに短時間で到達するように目標蒸発温度Tesが変更される(すなわち、緩速可変モードでは、室内温度Trを設定温度Trsに急速可変モードよりも長時間で到達するように目標蒸発温度Tesが変更される)。このため、急速可変モードに設定することによって、緩速可変モードに設定する場合に比べて制御追従性を向上させることができる。これにより、ここでは、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定することによって省エネ性を優先しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
また、ここでは、運転中(室内サーモオンの状態)の室内ユニットのうちで室内温度Trと設定温度Trsとの温度差の最大値を、目標蒸発温度Tesの変更の条件として使用している。このため、最も大きな空調(冷房)能力が要求される室内ユニットに応じて、目標蒸発温度Tesが変更されることになる。これにより、ここでは、速やかに目標蒸発温度Tesの変更を行い、制御追従性を向上させることができる。
また、ここでは、急速可変モード(急速可変制御)として、パワフルモード(パワフル可変制御)及びクイックモード(クイック可変制御)という制御追従性の程度がさらに異なる2つのモード(制御)のいずれかに設定することができるようになっている。そして、パワフルモードに設定すると、最大能力蒸発温度Temを超える最低蒸発温度Teexへの変更を許容するため、図7に示すように、クイックモードに設定する場合や目標冷媒温度固定モードに設定する場合に比べて制御追従性がさらに向上する。これにより、ここでは、急速可変モードに設定することによって制御追従性を向上させつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度をさらに変更することができる。
具体的には、ステップST15において、ステップST12への移行から第1待ち時間t1(例えば、10分)が経過していることを前提として、室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニットのうち温度差(Trs-Tr)が最大のもの(Trs-Tr)maxが閾温度差としての所定の温度差ΔTrc2(例えば、3℃)より大きく、かつ、現在の室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニット数が時間t3(例えば、30秒)前の室内サーモオンの状態にある室内ユニット数よりも大きい場合には、目標凝縮温度Tcsを急激に高くするように補正する急速可変制御を行うものとしている。すなわち、室内ユニットの運転台数が増加した場合(室内サーモオフの状態にある室内ユニットがサーモオンの状態になった場合も含む)には、室外ユニット2に大きな空調(暖房)能力が必要になり、目標凝縮温度Tcsを急激に低くする必要がある条件を満たすものと判定している。
このような急速可変モード、すなわち、暖房運転時におけるステップST12、ST13、ST14、ST15による急速可変制御によって、図8に示すように、緩速可変モードによる場合に比べて、室内温度Trを設定温度Trsに短時間で到達するように目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更される(すなわち、緩速可変モードでは、室内温度Trを設定温度Trsに急速可変モードよりも長時間で到達するように目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更される)。このため、急速可変モードに設定することによって、緩速可変モードに設定する場合に比べて制御追従性を向上させることができる。これにより、ここでは、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定することによって省エネ性を優先しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
また、ここでは、運転中(室内サーモオンの状態)の室内ユニットのうちで室内温度Trと設定温度Trsとの温度差の最大値を、目標凝縮温度Tcsの変更の条件として使用している。このため、最も大きな空調(暖房)能力が要求される室内ユニットに応じて、目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更されることになる。これにより、ここでは、速やかに目標凝縮温度Tcsの変更を行い、制御追従性を向上させることができる。
また、ここでは、急速可変モード(急速可変制御)として、パワフルモード(パワフル可変制御)及びクイックモード(クイック可変制御)という制御追従性の程度がさらに異なる2つのモード(制御)のいずれかに設定することができるようになっている。そして、パワフルモードに設定すると、最大能力凝縮温度Tcmを超える最高凝縮温度Tcexへの変更を許容するため、図9に示すように、クイックモードに設定する場合や目標冷媒温度固定モードに設定する場合に比べて制御追従性がさらに向上する。これにより、ここでは、急速可変モードに設定することによって制御追従性を向上させつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、制御追従性の程度をさらに変更することができる。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、自動モードに設定するとともにエコモードに設定すると、冷房運転時においては、上記の急速可変モード及び緩速可変モードとは異なり、自動モードにおいて設定された基準目標蒸発温度KTebに補正を加えずに(すなわち、室外温度Taに応じた変更のみが行われて)、基準目標蒸発温度KTebが目標蒸発温度Tesとして設定される。
また、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、自動モードに設定するとともにエコモードに設定すると、暖房運転時においては、上記の急速可変モード及び緩速可変モードとは異なり、自動モードにおいて設定された基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに補正を加えずに(すなわち、室外温度Taに応じた変更のみが行われて)、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが目標凝縮温度Tcsとして設定される。
高感度モードにおいては、自動モードとは異なり、基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbをユーザーが設定することになる。具体的には、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって高感度モードに設定すると、ユーザーが基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbの値を設定することができるようになる。ここでは、最大能力蒸発温度Temよりも高い複数の温度値(例えば、7、8、9、10、11℃)のいずれかを選択することによって基準目標蒸発温度KTebを設定することができる。また、最大能力凝縮温度Tcmよりも低い複数の温度値(例えば、41、43℃)のいずれかを選択することによって基準目標凝縮温度KTcbを設定することができる。
このように、ここでは、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定する際に、自動モード及び高感度モードという基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbの設定の仕方が異なる2つのモードのいずれかに設定することができるようになっている。そして、自動モードに設定すると、上記のように、室外温度Taに応じて基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが設定されるため、この基準目標蒸発温度KTeb又は基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに急速可変モード及び緩速可変モードに応じた補正が加わることによって設定される目標蒸発温度Tes又は目標凝縮温度Tcsは、高感度モードに設定する場合に比べて省エネ性の程度をさらに向上させることができる。一方で、高感度モードに設定すると、省エネ性の程度をユーザーの嗜好に応じて設定することができる。これにより、ここでは、目標冷媒温度可変モードに設定することによって省エネ性を優先しつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性の程度を変更することができる。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともに緩速可変モードに設定すると、自動モードに設定する場合と同様に、冷房運転時においては、図4のステップST1~ST4に示すように、蒸発温度補正値KTecが変更される。そして、基準目標蒸発温度KTebに対して、この蒸発温度補正値KTecを加える補正を行うことによって目標蒸発温度Tesが変更される。
また、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともに緩速可変モードに設定すると、自動モードに設定する場合と同様に、暖房運転時においても、図5のステップST11~ST14に示すように、凝縮温度補正値KTccが変更される。そして、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに対して、この凝縮温度補正値KTccを加える補正を行うことによって目標凝縮温度Tcsが変更される。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともに急速可変モード(パワフルモード又はクイックモード)に設定すると、冷房運転時においては、上記の緩速可変モードと同様のステップST1~ST4による緩速可変制御が行われるとともに、温度差(Tr-Trs)が閾温度差を超え、かつ、室内ユニットの運転台数が増加した場合には、図4のステップST5に示すように、蒸発温度補正値KTec、目標蒸発温度Tesが急速追従蒸発温度(ここでは、最大能力蒸発温度Temや最低蒸発温度Teex)に強制的に変更される急速可変制御(パワフル可変制御又はクイック可変制御)が行われる。
また、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともに急速可変モード(パワフルモード又はクイックモード)に設定すると、暖房運転時においても、上記の緩速可変モードと同様のステップST11~ST14による緩速可変制御が行われるとともに、温度差(Trs-Tr)が閾温度差を超え、かつ、室内ユニットの運転台数が増加した場合には、図5のステップST15に示すように、凝縮温度補正値KTcc、目標凝縮温度Tcsが急速追従凝縮温度(ここでは、最大能力凝縮温度Tcmや最高凝縮温度Tcex)に強制的に変更される急速可変制御(パワフル可変制御又はクイック可変制御)が行われる。
目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともにエコモードに設定すると、冷房運転時においては、上記の急速可変モード及び緩速可変モードとは異なり、高感度モードにおいて設定された基準目標蒸発温度KTebに補正を加えずに(すなわち、自動モードとは異なり、室外温度Taに応じた変更も行わずに)、基準目標蒸発温度KTebが目標蒸発温度Tesとして設定される。
また、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83によって、高感度モードに設定するとともにエコモードに設定すると、暖房運転時においては、上記の急速可変モード及び緩速可変モードとは異なり、高感度モードにおいて設定された基準目標凝縮温度KTcbに補正を加えずに(すなわち、自動モードとは異なり、室外温度Taに応じた変更も行わずに)、基準目標凝縮温度KTcbが目標凝縮温度Tcsとして設定される。
上記実施形態においては、図4及び図5に示すように、目標冷媒温度可変手段84が、緩速可変制御(ステップST3、ST4、ST13、ST14)の要否を第1待ち時間t1毎に判定しており、また、急速可変制御(ステップST5、ST15)の要否も第1待ち時間t1毎に判定している。このため、室内ユニットの運転台数の増加が発生する場合もそうでない場合も、第1待ち時間t1毎ごとにしか制御を行うことができない。
そこで、ここでは、図10及び図11に示すように、目標冷媒温度可変手段84が、第1待ち時間t1が経過する毎に緩速可変制御の要否を判定し、第1待ち時間t1よりも短い第2待ち時間t3が経過する毎に急速可変制御の要否を判定するようにしている。
このため、ここでは、緩速可変制御に比べて急速可変制御を頻繁に行うことができるようになり、急速可変制御が必要になったことを速やかに検知することができる。
これにより、ここでは、急速可変制御の制御追従性を向上させることができる。
上記実施形態及び変形例1において、基準目標蒸発温度KTebは、自動モードでは室外温度Taに応じて設定され、高感度モードではユーザーによって設定されている。ここで、例えば、室外温度Taが高く、かつ、室内温度Trが低い運転状態では、空調空間の湿度が室内温度Trに適した相対湿度(一般的には、60%程度)よりも高くなる場合があり得る。相対湿度が高くなると、空調空間において不快感が高まることから、このような運転状態を避ける必要がある。
このため、ここでは、自動モードや高感度モードにおいて設定される基準目標蒸発温度KTebを、室内温度Trに応じて設定された上限蒸発温度以下に制限することによって、空調空間の湿度が室内温度Trに適した相対湿度以下にすることができる。
これにより、ここでは、空調空間における不快感を抑えつつ、ユーザーの嗜好に応じて、省エネ性の程度や制御追従性の程度を変更することができる。
上記の実施形態及び変形例1、2において、目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83が室外側制御部38に設けられているが、これらに限定されるものではない。例えば、ここでは図示しないが、空気調和装置1が複数の室内ユニットをまとめて(さらに、複数の室外ユニットを有する場合には複数の室外ユニットもまとめて)制御する集中リモートコントローラ等の集中制御機器を有する場合には、集中制御機器に目標冷媒温度モード設定手段83を設けるようにしてもよい。この場合には、より簡便に上記のモード設定を行うことが可能になる。
2 室外ユニット
4a、4b 室内ユニット
81 能力制御手段
83 目標冷媒温度モード設定手段
Claims (7)
- 複数の室内ユニット(4a、4b)が室外ユニット(2)に接続されることによって構成される冷媒回路(10)を備えた空気調和装置において、
前記冷媒回路における冷媒の蒸発温度又は凝縮温度が目標蒸発温度又は目標凝縮温度になるように前記室外ユニットの空調能力を制御する能力制御手段(81)と、
前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を変更する目標冷媒温度可変モードと、前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を固定する目標冷媒温度固定モードとのいずれかに設定するための目標冷媒温度モード設定手段(83)と、
を備えた空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記目標冷媒温度可変モードは、前記室内ユニット(4a、4b)が対象とする空調空間の室内温度を前記室内温度の目標値である設定温度に短時間で到達するように前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を変更する急速可変モードと、前記室内温度を前記設定温度に前記急速可変モードよりも長時間で到達するように前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を変更する緩速可変モードとを有しており、
前記急速可変モード及び前記緩速可変モードは、前記目標冷媒温度モード設定手段(83)によって設定される、
請求項1に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記目標冷媒温度固定モードにおいて、前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度は、前記室外ユニット(2)の空調能力が100%の能力になる場合に相当する最大能力蒸発温度又は最大能力凝縮温度に固定される、
請求項2に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記急速可変モードは、前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を前記最大能力蒸発温度又は前記最大能力凝縮温度を超える最低蒸発温度又は最高凝縮温度への変更を許容するパワフルモードと、前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度を前記最低蒸発温度又は前記最高凝縮温度への変更を許容しないクイックモードとを有しており、
前記パワフルモード及び前記クイックモードは、前記目標冷媒温度モード設定手段(83)によって設定される、
請求項3に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記目標冷媒温度可変モードは、前記室外ユニット(2)が配置される外部空間の室外温度に応じて前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度の基準値となる基準目標蒸発温度又は基準目標凝縮温度を設定する自動モードと、前記基準目標蒸発温度又は前記基準目標凝縮温度をユーザーが設定する高感度モードとをさらに有しており、
前記急速可変モード及び前記緩速可変モードは、前記自動モード又は前記高感度モードとともに、前記目標冷媒温度モード設定手段(83)によって設定されるようになっており、
前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度は、前記基準目標蒸発温度又は前記基準目標凝縮温度に対して、前記急速可変モード又は前記緩速可変モードに応じた補正を加えることによって変更される、
請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記目標冷媒温度可変モードは、前記自動モード又は前記高感度モードにおいて設定された前記基準目標蒸発温度又は前記基準目標凝縮温度に補正を加えずに前記目標蒸発温度又は前記目標凝縮温度とするエコモードをさらに有しており、
前記エコモードは、前記自動モード又は前記高感度モードとともに、前記目標冷媒温度モード設定手段(83)によって設定される、
請求項5に記載の空気調和装置(1)。 - 前記基準目標蒸発温度は、前記室内温度に応じて設定された上限蒸発温度以下に制限される、
請求項5又は6に記載の空気調和装置(1)。
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