WO2014053316A2 - Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un groupe motopropulseur - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un groupe motopropulseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014053316A2
WO2014053316A2 PCT/EP2013/069323 EP2013069323W WO2014053316A2 WO 2014053316 A2 WO2014053316 A2 WO 2014053316A2 EP 2013069323 W EP2013069323 W EP 2013069323W WO 2014053316 A2 WO2014053316 A2 WO 2014053316A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric drive
machines
vehicle
electric
forecast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/069323
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO2014053316A3 (fr
Inventor
Stephen Jones
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Avl List Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Avl List Gmbh filed Critical Avl List Gmbh
Priority to JP2015534952A priority Critical patent/JP6314143B2/ja
Priority to DE201311004081 priority patent/DE112013004081A5/de
Publication of WO2014053316A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014053316A2/fr
Publication of WO2014053316A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014053316A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/42—Electrical machine applications with use of more than one motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/64—Road conditions
    • B60L2240/642—Slope of road
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/28—Four wheel or all wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/44—Control modes by parameter estimation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/52—Control modes by future state prediction drive range estimation, e.g. of estimation of available travel distance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/54—Energy consumption estimation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a drive train of a vehicle that can be driven via at least two primary, preferably electric, drive machines, wherein a prognosis is made about the future temperatures of electrical components and the drive train is operated as a function of the predicted temperatures.
  • a hybrid drive system which has an internal combustion engine, an electric machine, as well as a power electronics with a number of electrical circuits, and a cooling system.
  • a method for managing the thermal energy of the power electronics has a plurality of temperature sensors for measuring the temperature in the power electronics, wherein the electrical energy of the power electronics monitors input and output side and a forecast of future temperatures for the electronic circuits is created and the hybrid drive system in dependence Predicted temperatures is operated.
  • this is done by making a prognosis of the future load and / or load duration of at least two electric drive machines and that, depending on the prognosis, at least one operating mode for the electric drive machines is selected and operated by means of an activation and deactivation strategy such that an optimal operating temperature range and / or efficiency range for the electrical machines is maintained during a selected route.
  • operating modes can provide that at least two electric drive machines - at least temporarily - are operated alternately, or that at least two electric drive machines - at least temporarily - are operated together.
  • operating modes can also provide that - at least temporarily - only one of several electrically driven axles - ie the front axle or the rear axle - or all electrically driven axles are also driven.
  • the forecast is generated in response to a planned route, preferably with the aid of satellite navigation, for example GPS, and / or digital road maps or with the assistance of a vehicle communication system, for example a C2X (car to car or car to infrastructure) communication system.
  • vehicle communication system provides information about accidents, construction sites, detours, traffic restrictions, weather conditions, weather reports, or the like, which are included in the forecast.
  • radar systems, video systems, telephone systems or the like can also be used to obtain information.
  • in-vehicle data such as the thermal characteristic curve and / or the efficiency curve of the vehicle battery can also be included in the prognosis.
  • the temperature of at least one electrical machine, the power electronics and / or the cooling medium can be taken into account in the prognosis.
  • Each power request is assigned an operating mode for the electrical machines.
  • the electrical machines are operated alternately or simultaneously so that the operation of the individual electric machines takes place in the optimum temperature range.
  • the temperature of each individual machine can be maintained in a medium temperature range. If little drive power is requested (for example, when driving on the street or when limiting the speed or in poor weather conditions), it may be more advantageous to activate only a few or only one electric machine.
  • the cooling effort can be kept very low by a separate cooling medium and the vehicle can always be operated in the optimum efficiency range.
  • the consumption and the battery size can be reduced and the range can be increased.
  • FIG. 2 shows a motor vehicle for using the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the inventive method in detail.
  • the Fig. 1 shows schematically the method according to the invention for operating a drive train of a vehicle drivable via at least two electric drive machines.
  • a route is selected.
  • C2X is used to describe vehicle to vehicle communication systems (C2C) and vehicle to infrastructure communication systems (C2I).
  • C2C vehicle to vehicle communication systems
  • C2I vehicle to infrastructure communication systems
  • Such communication systems enable the real-time transmission of route-relevant data such as construction sites, accidents, speed limits, diversions, congestion, weather, road conditions, temperature, etc.
  • the navigation system 3 provides topographic information, information about the roads used, road layout, gradients, etc.
  • the vehicle communication system provides up-to-date supplementary information about construction sites, accidents, detours, road conditions, weather conditions, temperatures, and weather forecasts.
  • step 5 a prognosis is prepared for each route section for the expected service requirement-both the service level and the duration.
  • the power requirement serves as an input variable for a computer model 6 on the load of the individual electrical machines, depending on different operating modes, as further input variables, the thermal characteristic 7, the efficiency curve 8 and the temperatures 9 of the electrical machines, the power electronics and / or the cooling medium of the Cooling system can be used.
  • the result of the calculation from step 6 is an optimal operating mode 10 for the electric machines, for each stretch of the travel route, wherein the drive torque is divided between the electric drive axes according to a mathematical algorithm.
  • 2 shows schematically a vehicle 50 with a front axle 52 and a rear axle 54. The drive wheels are respectively designated by 58.
  • Each drivable axle 52, 54 of the vehicle 50 is associated with an electric drive machine EM I, EM2.
  • the prime movers EM I, EM2 are operated via power electronics 60 and a control unit 62.
  • a prediction unit 64 generates, depending on the route and using data from a satellite navigation system 3 and a vehicle communication system 4, a forecast of the future load request and the expected load for each prime mover EM I, EM2, as a function of different operating modes and depending on the actual operating load. State (for example, the temperatures) of the electric drive machines EM I, EM2 and the vehicle battery 66.
  • the optimum operating mode is determined for each section of the route. In accordance with the operating mode determined in each case, the electric drive machines EM I, EM2 are operated via the control unit 62 and the power electronics 60 in accordance with an activation and deactivation strategy in each route section.
  • the switchover from one operating mode to the other takes place in a grinding manner and, as far as possible, seamlessly by slowly switching the driving machines EM I, EM 2 on or off so that sudden transitions and thus losses in ride comfort and safety are avoided.
  • u f max ⁇ for all n EM / f , ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ , M f , M r (4) where u f: the torque split factor for the front axle 52 u r: the torque split factor for the rear axle 54
  • M r the rear electric drive machine torque demand EM2 ⁇ ⁇ : the front electric machine efficiency for a given operating point ⁇ ⁇ : the rear electric machine efficiency for a specific operating point ⁇ 9 the global efficiency for certain of the torque split factors U f: and U r:
  • u f is the optimum torque distribution for the front axle n E M
  • f is the speed of the front electric drive machine EM I ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ is the speed of the rear electric drive machine EM2.
  • the calculation method enables the calculation of optimal values for the torque split factors u f: and u r at which a maximum global efficiency ⁇ 9 is achieved. In this calculation, however, the temperature behavior of the powertrain elements due to the thermal reactions is not taken into account. The efficiency values apply to normal average temperatures.
  • the efficiencies of the electric machines are highly dependent on the thermal behavior of the electric machines. Therefore, the forecast of the future load of the electric machines allows a prediction of the future internal temperatures of the electrical components (for example, the stator, the rotor and the power electronics) as well as the battery. Thus, consideration of the thermal behavior also allows for better scheduling and control of the torque split to further improve the efficiency of the system.
  • the electrical components for example, the stator, the rotor and the power electronics
  • the predicted velocity profile and topographical profile have a strong influence on the determination of the operating points of the electrical machines and thus on their thermal behavior.
  • External information about the environment - which is provided, for example, via C2X systems or other sources - such as traffic density, speed limits, construction sites, topology, etc. are the main factors influencing the calculation of future electrical load requirements.
  • the calculation method is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the driver specifies a destination F.
  • the road characteristic SC taking into account the average speed over C2I structures on the one hand and the topography and speed limits from digital road maps on the other hand.
  • a speed profile v (s) and an inclination profile a (s) of the route are calculated, and from this a speed profile n (s) and the torque requirements Mdemand (s) to the electric machines EM are determined in a first prediction step PR1.
  • the predicted speed profile n (s) and the torque requirements M de mand (s) to the electric machines EM are supplied to a thermal prediction model, which in a second prediction step - including current temperatures of the battery T Ba t (s) measured by temperature sensors MTS , the electric power electronics T PE
  • (s), the stators T stator (s), and the rotors T ro t 0 r (s) are used together with the speed profile n (s ) and over the route s predicted torque requirements Mdemand (s) as input to a calculation OPM of the optimized torque splits u f * and u r * .
  • control signals are transmitted to the electric machines EM I and EM2.
  • the optimal torque split involving the thermal behavior of the EM2 electric machines and the battery, can be performed by the following alternative methods:
  • the modeled predictive control continuously calculates the thermal state of the components based on a thermal model along a predefined event horizon at certain polling instants.
  • This event horizon can be predetermined, for example, by a defined distance or travel time.
  • a defined optimization target for example, maximum efficiency
  • the optimal torque distribution is determined and corresponding control signals are transmitted to the electric machines EM I, EM2.
  • the event horizon is moved one step and the optimization process is repeated.
  • the entire driving maneuver is divided into fixed segments (for example x km segments). For each segment, a velocity profile is determined. Then, using the slope profile, the load requirement and the thermal load for the electrical components are calculated. Finally, an optimal torque distribution is calculated along for each segment and applied the calculated torque distribution. The process is repeated for each additional new segment.
  • the present method makes it possible to carry out recuperative braking with the best possible efficiency.
  • a forward, red-switching traffic lights would allow for recuperative operation of the rear electric drive machine
  • this rear electric drive machine could be maintained at low temperature (advantageous for efficiency) until recuperatively using the front axle electric drive machine for propulsion becomes.
  • the switching point between the two electric machines at the red light ahead can be calculated in advance by using information about the traffic lights and the traffic volume - for example, C2X, GPS and / or navigation systems.
  • the inventive method has been explained for a drive with two electric drive machines via a front axle and a rear axle, but is not limited to this type of drive. Rather, the method can be used for all drive trains with at least two primary drive machines. Therefore, the method can also be used in hybrid vehicles and also other electric vehicles with at least two primary drive machines. For example, optimal torque distribution between the engine and the electric drive machine can be performed taking into account the thermal behavior of the drive system in hybrid vehicles.
  • the method can be used both with existing fixed cooling systems and with the management of the cooling system. This makes it possible to minimize the cooling effort, which has an advantageous effect on weight, space and production costs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un groupe motopropulseur d'un véhicule automobile (50) pouvant être entraîné par deux machines d'entraînement primaires (EM1, EM2), de préférence électriques, une prévision relative aux températures futures de composants électriques étant établie et le groupe motopropulseur étant amené à fonctionner en fonction des températures prévues. L'objet de la présente invention est de réduire les besoins de refroidissement d'un véhicule automobile comportant plusieurs machines d'entraînement électriques. À cet effet, un itinéraire routier est sélectionné, une prévision relative à la sollicitation et/ou durée de sollicitation futures d'au moins deux machines d'entraînement électriques (EM1, EM2) sur cet itinéraire routier est établie et au moins un mode de fonctionnement pour les machines d'entraînement électriques (EM1, EM2) est sélectionné en fonction de la prévision, lesdites machines étant amenées à fonctionner sur la base d'une stratégie d'activation et de désactivation de manière telle qu'une plage de température de fonctionnement et/ou une plage de rendement optimales pour les machines électriques (EM1, EM2) sont respectées sur un itinéraire routier sélectionné.
PCT/EP2013/069323 2012-10-02 2013-09-18 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un groupe motopropulseur WO2014053316A2 (fr)

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JP2015534952A JP6314143B2 (ja) 2012-10-02 2013-09-18 ドライブトレインを稼動する方法
DE201311004081 DE112013004081A5 (de) 2012-10-02 2013-09-18 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstranges, zum Einhalten von Betriebsparametern

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ATA50423/2012A AT513478B1 (de) 2012-10-02 2012-10-02 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstranges

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AT513478B1 (de) 2015-06-15
DE112013004081A5 (de) 2015-05-07
JP6314143B2 (ja) 2018-04-18
JP2015536128A (ja) 2015-12-17
AT513478A1 (de) 2014-04-15
WO2014053316A3 (fr) 2014-07-03

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