WO2014023948A1 - Joints between precast concrete elements - Google Patents

Joints between precast concrete elements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014023948A1
WO2014023948A1 PCT/GB2013/052094 GB2013052094W WO2014023948A1 WO 2014023948 A1 WO2014023948 A1 WO 2014023948A1 GB 2013052094 W GB2013052094 W GB 2013052094W WO 2014023948 A1 WO2014023948 A1 WO 2014023948A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joint
headed
bars
studs
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2013/052094
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John Siegfried STEHLE
Original Assignee
Laing O'rourke Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laing O'rourke Plc filed Critical Laing O'rourke Plc
Priority to EP13750098.9A priority Critical patent/EP2882905B1/en
Priority to CA2880440A priority patent/CA2880440A1/en
Priority to KR20157003796A priority patent/KR20150040297A/en
Priority to CN201380041619.0A priority patent/CN104583505A/en
Priority to AU2013301332A priority patent/AU2013301332B2/en
Priority to JP2015525940A priority patent/JP2015528534A/en
Publication of WO2014023948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014023948A1/en
Priority to IL237088A priority patent/IL237088A0/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/14—Dowel assembly ; Design or construction of reinforcements in the area of joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • E04B1/483—Shear dowels to be embedded in concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/023—Separate connecting devices for prefabricated floor-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/10—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/19—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members the filling members acting as self-supporting permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/21—Cross-ribbed floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0645—Shear reinforcements, e.g. shearheads for floor slabs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of headed anchor reinforcement bars in the creation of joints between precast concrete elements.
  • Headed deformed bars are deformed reinforcing bars, such as ribbed carbon steel reinforcing bars, with a head attached at one or both ends. Smooth reinforcing bars are also used with heads.
  • a reinforcing bar with a head attached at both ends is described as a double headed stud whether or not the shank is deformed for better anchorage.
  • Headed bars are also used in the reinforcement of flat slabs, particularly to deal with localised high shear stresses around column heads.
  • the RFA-Tech SHEARTECH® system proposes the use of double headed shear studs welded to carrier/spacer rails. These stud carrying rails are designed to be placed liked rays within the slab surrounding a column in order to provide shear reinforcement. The studs are positioned vertically within the surrounding slab parallel to the axis of the column.
  • the present invention is particularly concerned with the problems of the construction of floors within large multi-storey structures requiring flat slab constructions to create a framework defining multiple floors.
  • These floors can be assembled from precast concrete planks.
  • the joints between these planks and between other structural elements such as concrete columns, beams, walls which are used in a variety of configurations, must be structurally robust. It is also desirable to minimise the use of high strength concrete in making of these joints.
  • the present invention provides a longitudinal joint between two precast concrete elements each having headed bars projecting from adjoining faces of the elements to be joined; the elements being positioned so that their respective headed bars are interleaved and overlap but are not in contact with one another; and headed studs positioned transversely to a length of the joint and transversely to and between the headed bars, the bars and studs being enclosed in concrete.
  • a joint structure is employed in which headed bars are interlaced in the manner of a lap joint as described in the Texas papers with the addition of a stud carrying rail along the length of the joint supported on the overlapping headed bars and suspending double headed studs between them.
  • single headed studs can be pre-welded to the beam top flange to provide the intersecting studs between the overlapping headed bars.
  • the precast structural elements of the system can be manufactured as large elements.
  • the elements will be typically produced using lightweight concrete to reduce their weight and ease handling and transportation logistics.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a partly constructed floor using the joint of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of adjacent planks with reinforcement to construct a joint in accordance with the invention in place
  • Figure 3 shows a view of the joint from above
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a partly constructed floor using the joint of the present invention.
  • a floor in a multi-storey construction is assembled from precast lightweight concrete (LWC) planks 10.
  • the planks 10 are supported by concrete beams 26 and columns 28 and prior to the construction of the joints between the beams and planks and adjoining planks, the elements are supported by means of steel channels 30.
  • Each edge face 14 of a beam or plank 10 has a series of headed bars 16 projecting from it.
  • the bars are shown in two vertically spaced layers.
  • the reinforcement is precast into the planks so that they can be laid edge to edge with the headed bars of one plank interlaced and overlapping with those of the adjacent plank without the bars coming into contact or conflict with one another.
  • the edge faces of both the beams and planks have similar arrays of headed bars at the same spacing so that joints of the same form can be made between all the elements.
  • Two longitudinal bars 18 are laid along the length of the joint and a rail 20 which supports a series of double headed studs 22 rests on the uppermost headed bars.
  • the studs are spaced along the rail so that they can be positioned centrally between the headed bars.
  • the double headed studs 22 hang vertically from the rail 20.
  • the rail comprises two rods to which the heads 24 of the double headed studs are welded.
  • the rail is there to keep the double headed studs 22 in position at the required spacing and performs no structural part of the joint. It may be relatively lightweight.
  • the lowermost head of the double headed studs lies within the joint.
  • Shuttering is provided beneath the joint so that concrete can be poured into the gap to surround the reinforcement and bring the surface of the joint up to the level of the adjoining surfaces of the precast planks. Once joints have been completed, the channels 30 are removed.
  • a joint width typically of 200mm can be employed with a lap length of 100mm using reinforcing bars of a typical diameter of 16 to 25mm.
  • a steel framework 4 is made up of steel beams 6 that define a perimeter of the floor and at least one horizontal beam 8 within it.
  • This framework 4 is used to support a plurality of lightweight concrete (LWC) planks 10, which are laid on the framework 4 and connected to it. The joints are then made as previously described.
  • LWC lightweight concrete
  • the rail supported double headed studs can be replaced by a series of single headed studs welded to the top of the beam. These perform the same function within the joint.

Abstract

Joints between precast concrete elements A joint between two adjacent faces (14) of concrete elements is formed by overlapping headed bar (16) with transverse studs (22) between the bars.

Description

Joints Between Precast Concrete Elements
The present invention relates to the use of headed anchor reinforcement bars in the creation of joints between precast concrete elements.
Headed deformed bars are deformed reinforcing bars, such as ribbed carbon steel reinforcing bars, with a head attached at one or both ends. Smooth reinforcing bars are also used with heads. In this specification a reinforcing bar with a head attached at both ends is described as a double headed stud whether or not the shank is deformed for better anchorage.
The use of lap splices anchored by headed bars in creating joints between precast elements is described in a technical paper entitled Lap Splices Anchored by Headed Bars by by M. Keith Thompson, Antonio Ledesma, James O. Jirsa, and John E. Breen published in ACI Structural Journal V 103, No 2 March April 2006. This primarily addresses their use in bridge structures. This paper describes the mechanics of such joints. A more detailed report by the same authors from May 2002 has been published by the Center for Transportation and Research, The University of Texas, Austin as Report 1855-3. These documents are herein referred to as the Texas papers. A typical joint width under consideration in these documents is 10 inches (0.254 m).
Headed bars are also used in the reinforcement of flat slabs, particularly to deal with localised high shear stresses around column heads. The RFA-Tech SHEARTECH® system proposes the use of double headed shear studs welded to carrier/spacer rails. These stud carrying rails are designed to be placed liked rays within the slab surrounding a column in order to provide shear reinforcement. The studs are positioned vertically within the surrounding slab parallel to the axis of the column. There are other proprietary systems for use around column heads offered by Halfen and Max Frank of Germany.
The present invention is particularly concerned with the problems of the construction of floors within large multi-storey structures requiring flat slab constructions to create a framework defining multiple floors. These floors can be assembled from precast concrete planks. The joints between these planks and between other structural elements such as concrete columns, beams, walls which are used in a variety of configurations, must be structurally robust. It is also desirable to minimise the use of high strength concrete in making of these joints.
The present invention provides a longitudinal joint between two precast concrete elements each having headed bars projecting from adjoining faces of the elements to be joined; the elements being positioned so that their respective headed bars are interleaved and overlap but are not in contact with one another; and headed studs positioned transversely to a length of the joint and transversely to and between the headed bars, the bars and studs being enclosed in concrete./ Preferably a joint structure is employed in which headed bars are interlaced in the manner of a lap joint as described in the Texas papers with the addition of a stud carrying rail along the length of the joint supported on the overlapping headed bars and suspending double headed studs between them. When such a reinforcement structure is embedded in high-strength concrete, a robust structural joint of relatively small dimensions can be constructed. In analytical terms, the transfer of forces can be considered as a series of compression struts and tension ties according to normal strut and tie theory, with the strength of the compression struts enhanced by the confining effect of the intermediate studs on their carrying rail.
Where joints are required to be formed above a steel beam element, single headed studs can be pre-welded to the beam top flange to provide the intersecting studs between the overlapping headed bars.
Using this form of joint construction, the precast structural elements of the system can be manufactured as large elements. The elements will be typically produced using lightweight concrete to reduce their weight and ease handling and transportation logistics.
Joints of the system between adjacent slab elements, beam and slab elements, wall and slab elements and other similar scenarios, require temporary supporting of one element from the other element. This is typically provided by temporary steel channels bolted on top of one element and which rest on the adjacent element through cantilevering action.
In order that the invention may be well understood, an embodiment of a joint between adjacent floor planks will now be described by reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a partly constructed floor using the joint of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows a perspective view of adjacent planks with reinforcement to construct a joint in accordance with the invention in place;
Figure 3 shows a view of the joint from above; and
Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a partly constructed floor using the joint of the present invention.
A floor in a multi-storey construction is assembled from precast lightweight concrete (LWC) planks 10. The planks 10 are supported by concrete beams 26 and columns 28 and prior to the construction of the joints between the beams and planks and adjoining planks, the elements are supported by means of steel channels 30.
Joints 12 are constructed as shown in Figures 2 to 3. Each edge face 14 of a beam or plank 10 has a series of headed bars 16 projecting from it. In this example, the bars are shown in two vertically spaced layers. The reinforcement is precast into the planks so that they can be laid edge to edge with the headed bars of one plank interlaced and overlapping with those of the adjacent plank without the bars coming into contact or conflict with one another. The edge faces of both the beams and planks have similar arrays of headed bars at the same spacing so that joints of the same form can be made between all the elements.
Two longitudinal bars 18 are laid along the length of the joint and a rail 20 which supports a series of double headed studs 22 rests on the uppermost headed bars. The studs are spaced along the rail so that they can be positioned centrally between the headed bars. The double headed studs 22 hang vertically from the rail 20.
In this embodiment, the rail comprises two rods to which the heads 24 of the double headed studs are welded. The rail is there to keep the double headed studs 22 in position at the required spacing and performs no structural part of the joint. It may be relatively lightweight. The lowermost head of the double headed studs lies within the joint.
Shuttering is provided beneath the joint so that concrete can be poured into the gap to surround the reinforcement and bring the surface of the joint up to the level of the adjoining surfaces of the precast planks. Once joints have been completed, the channels 30 are removed.
It is envisaged that a joint width typically of 200mm can be employed with a lap length of 100mm using reinforcing bars of a typical diameter of 16 to 25mm.
In Figure 4, a steel framework 4 is made up of steel beams 6 that define a perimeter of the floor and at least one horizontal beam 8 within it. This framework 4 is used to support a plurality of lightweight concrete (LWC) planks 10, which are laid on the framework 4 and connected to it. The joints are then made as previously described.
Where a joint overlies a beam 6, the rail supported double headed studs, can be replaced by a series of single headed studs welded to the top of the beam. These perform the same function within the joint.

Claims (6)

  1. A longitudinal joint between two precast concrete elements each having headed bars projecting from adjoining faces of the elements to be joined; the elements being positioned so that their respective headed bars are interleaved and overlap but are not in contact with one another; and headed studs positioned transversely to a length of the joint and transversely to and between the headed bars, the bars and studs being enclosed in concrete.
  2. A joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the headed studs are double headed studs supported on a rail which rests on the overlapped headed bars.
  3. A joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the headed studs are welded to a beam beneath the joint.
  4. A joint as claimed in claim 1 wherein each element edge has a double row of headed bars.
  5. A joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one longitudinal bar is positioned along the length of the joint.
  6. A joint between two precast concrete elements substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
PCT/GB2013/052094 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements WO2014023948A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13750098.9A EP2882905B1 (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements
CA2880440A CA2880440A1 (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements
KR20157003796A KR20150040297A (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints Between Precast Concrete Elements
CN201380041619.0A CN104583505A (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements
AU2013301332A AU2013301332B2 (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements
JP2015525940A JP2015528534A (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements
IL237088A IL237088A0 (en) 2012-08-07 2015-02-04 Joints between precast concrete elements

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1214123.0 2012-08-07
GB1214123.0A GB2504720B (en) 2012-08-07 2012-08-07 Joints between precast concrete elements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014023948A1 true WO2014023948A1 (en) 2014-02-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2013/052094 WO2014023948A1 (en) 2012-08-07 2013-08-06 Joints between precast concrete elements

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US20140041328A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2882905B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2015528534A (en)
KR (1) KR20150040297A (en)
CN (1) CN104583505A (en)
AU (1) AU2013301332B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2880440A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2504720B (en)
IL (1) IL237088A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2014023948A1 (en)

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WO2015038805A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-19 Aditazz, Inc. Concrete deck for an integrated building system assembly platfrom
US9388562B2 (en) * 2014-05-29 2016-07-12 Rocky Mountain Prestress, LLC Building system using modular precast concrete components
TWI659143B (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-05-11 Ruentex Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. Method of laying out abnormal-shaped grid decks
US10895071B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2021-01-19 Envision Integrated Building Technologies Inc. Structural frame for a building and method of constructing the same
WO2021026600A1 (en) * 2019-08-13 2021-02-18 LWC Research Pty Ltd Prefabricated floor panel, construction and method therefor
EP3816360A1 (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-05 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (EPFL) EPFL-TTO Load bearing device
CN112031232A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-04 江苏建筑职业技术学院 Connecting piece of assembled floor slab and using method

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2013301332B2 (en) 2017-04-13
KR20150040297A (en) 2015-04-14
IL237088A0 (en) 2015-03-31
CN104583505A (en) 2015-04-29
AU2013301332A1 (en) 2015-02-26
EP2882905A1 (en) 2015-06-17
CA2880440A1 (en) 2014-02-13
JP2015528534A (en) 2015-09-28
US20140041328A1 (en) 2014-02-13
EP2882905B1 (en) 2016-04-27
GB2504720B (en) 2014-07-16
GB2504720A (en) 2014-02-12
GB201214123D0 (en) 2012-09-19

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