US2466106A - Preformed slab structures - Google Patents

Description

April 5, 1949. E. c. HOGE 2,466,106

PREFORMED SLAB STRUCTURES Filed March 2, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. BY EDWARD CLYDE H065 April 5, 1949. E. c. HOGE PREFORKED SLAB STRUCTURES Filed March 2, 1944 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. EDWARD CLYDE HOGE Patented Apr. 5, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,466,106 PREFORMED SLAB STRUCTURES Edward Clyde Hoge, Cincinnati, Ohio Application March 2, 1944, Serial No. 524,673

2 Claims. 1

My invention relates most particularly to the construction of roof decks and ceilings for building wherein the units are in the form of individual slabs. In this type of construction there is becoming available a group of materials of high heat and sound insulation value and of very light weight. vermiculite in cast form is one of these. Fibre glass compressed and with a binder of a suitable resin or other suitable type, in the form of panels is another.

The problem of engineering in connection with the use of such materials involves adequate reinforcement of the individual panels, and supporting structure to compensate for the inherent weakness thereof. In this connection the problem i presented of tying the panels to the metallic Structural material that supports them, and also retaining the panels in jointed relation to each other. Finally to satisfy the requirements of modern construction principles, the panel construction must resist upward lift equal to the downward acting load for which they are designed.

. My invention provides a solution for these various problems. Several modifications are shown in the accompanying drawings and will be described. One of the principles of my departure consists in setting up a series of preformed panels with the joints between them overlying metal sub-purlins, with a through an overlap of the metal reinforcement of the slabs and then welded to the sub-purlins. Normally the slabs will be arranged with lap joints or tongue and groove joints, although in certain aspects, butt joints may be employed for the slabs.

While it is an advantage to use ties which are merely thrust between the mesh of reinforcing wire of adjacent panels which is arranged to overlap, my invention contemplates as a most perfect tying device, a metallic member having a jaw which draws together and engages from above the end wires of reinforcing mesh of two adjacent slabs, and is driven down through the lap, tongue and groove or butt joint between two slabs to a position for welding to a supporting sub-purlin. With this most desirable type of tie and with sub-purlins in both directions (normal to each other) it is within my invention to form a welded together and completely unitary deck formed of a series of preformed panels. More practical however, will be the procedure of providing lap or tongue and groove joints on all four sides of the panels and tacking the lengthwise jointsatthe corners of the panels.

therefor of sufficient strength series of ties extending In the drawings illustrating exemplary practices within my invention:

Figure 1 is a perspective of a piece of welded wire mesh such as is used to reinforce the panels of my construction.

Figure 2 is a cross section of a panel according to my invention.

Figure 3 is a cross section enlarged over Fig. 2-

showing one mode of tying together two panels.

Figure 4 is a section showing a modification of the tying pin used in Fig. 3.

Figure 5 is a section like Fig. 3, showing the use of a different tying clip, shown as being used with a lap jointed relation of two adjacent panels.

Figure 6 is a perspective (enlarged over the other views) of the tying clip of Fig. 5.

Figure '7 is a broken away perspective showing part of one type of a deck and supporting subpurlins, according to my invention.

Figure 8 is a section showing the use of the tying clip of Figure 6 with a butt jointed relation of adjacent panels.

Figure 9 is a perspective showing a portion of a panel which has interengaging joint forming means on all four sides, formed according to my invention.

My invention has most particular relation to structural panels made of light weight, insulation material. For fireproof construction this may be advantageously formed of gypsum, vermiculite, or of fibre glass, compressed and held by a suitable binder. With the vermiculite or cementitious material, the panel will be cast as a unit with the reinforcement. When using the fibre glass or other sheeted material normally a single panel will be formed of two or more sheets of the sheeted material, with an interposed metal reinforcement and the whole bound together by a layer of suitable binder material about which the partial thicknes sheets are compressed, thus making a unit of the proper thickness with the reinforcement firmly imbedded therein.

A typical reinforcement mesh formed of welded together wires is shown in Figure 1, with crosswise wires l and lengthwise wires 2. The panel shown in Figure 2 is arranged for a lap joint construction. To this end the panel 3 is provided with a step 4 at one side and an overhang 5 at the opposite end. The mesh is arranged so that slightly past midway of the step and the overhang, the reinforcing mesh terminates in a crosswise wire I, the offset ends of the panel being about half thickness, these wires are exposed in the individual panel. The view of the wire in Figure 2 is somewhat exaggerated.

As shown in Figure 3, in setting up a roof deck employed.

or a ceiling in a room, when the panels are ar ranged as indicated in said figure; suitable tie pins 1 will be driven down through the material in such a position as to be thrust through between the spaced crosswise mesh wires 1. The pins will have heads 1a, which engage the upper surface of the panels and may be countersunk I thereinto, as shown. When driven down into contact or just short of contact with the metal of the purlin or inserted inv preformed holes, the pins are welded to the purlins as indicated diagrammatically at 7b.

This is accomplished by a known technique of applying a momentary electric charge to the: head of the pin, the circuit being completed through the sub-purlin, by a remote connection. 01' the welding equipment may be applied by means. of two terminals, one to the sub-purlin near the weld point and one to the tie pin. Instead of using a solid tie pin a hollow one may be used as indicated at 10 (Fig. 4-), and welding wire thrust into it to form a weld and fill the cavity.

In any event, however the weld may be: provided for, which may be arranged for in various known. ways, the result of welding the tie pins in place will be to hold down the panels at the; joint and restrain spreading of the panels by interlock ing. the reinforcing mesh in each panel.

Another way, and one which is preferred, isv to provide a special tying clip: such as is shown Fig. 6. This clip may be fiat, or in the form of athirr piece of corrugated metal, with a jaw- 16 therein. The apex of this jaw as at H may be formed if desired as a pocket I-2, larger across than the. walls of the jaw adjacent to its opening thereinto.

Taking a lap jointed set of panels, as show-n.- in Fig. 5', it will be preferable in this instance to arrange the. mesh so that the crosswise wires lie about along the center line of the step. and overhang, at the opposite. sides thereof.

Thus asshown in- Fig. 5', the wires t are about. one on top of the other, at the lap joint surfaces When the panels are so arranged the clips are,- driven down through the joint, thus forcing? the two wires. to enter the jaw and bebrought to;-

gether and preferably mesh in the panels, and

is a metallic member 8-,v which iii) = ing welding,

panels may be butt jointed and if the reinforcing mesh is arranged with crosswise wires at the abutting faces, the clips when driven down and welded will, as illustrated, engage the mesh of each panel, hold the panels down and hold them against separating from each other, as in the first example.

Any joint between the panels, such as a dovetail, can be used as well, care being taken to arrange the panel and mesh. proportions so that reinforcing wires are present for engagement by or at least interlocking by means of the ties Thusin Fig. 9: the panel I4 is illustrated (which may be made of three sheets of material bound together) in which there will be projecting portions. t5, and channel portions I6, forming tongue and groove joints. As in the lap joint the crosswise wires I, on two opposite ends, will be located on a ledge and an overhang respectively as indicated. On the other pair of. edges or sides there will be a like arrangement but the lengthwise wires 2, will be the exposed wires. for the tying operation.

Anyarrangement will be satisfactory of part: lap, part tongue and groove and part butt, joints, the object being in the drawings to illustrate the various familiar constructions within the primciple of which my invention can be applied.

The metal of the ties of whatever type notedu will. be such as to facilitate the welding operation. They may be dipped in a. suitable. di:-- electric such as enamel if desired; to avoid chance: of a stray short circuiting through. the mesh duralthough by my experience this will not constitute such a leakage as will. seriously impede a weldingv operation wherein the sub-.- purlin-s are: simply grounded to a remote return circuit.

Among the welding practices will be to utilize a welding device known as a Nelson machine, and to preform. the holes for the: ties either in construction of the panels, orin situ with a proper shaped punch. The Nelson. machine will apply the; tie: pin or clip to the preformed hole, withdraw it slightly to draw an arc, and apply av momentary welding current while advancing thetie toward the sub-purlin.

or, in another practice (not devised by me) thees can be developed with fins or sharp points on the inner ends. which when the ties are driven in, will: abut the sub-purlins and act as spacers. Then a trigger operated machine will apply a momentary welding current, melting the time and pushing the ties home against thev sub-purlins.

Where danger of burning or melting the panel material does: not; prevent, the tiesmay be relatrvely' blunt ended and driven home. There upon a very heavy current. momentarily applied will accomplishxthe required welding.

I have shown, for illustration, 5, section of roof decks intypical: form. In Fig.. 7 the sub-purlins." are arranged to be spaced one. half the length of the: panels.

the; down load.

In, this case the panels are shown as of greater engage the wires on the ledges and overhang" extending crosswise of the sub-purlins. This ties the entire structure together and will be advantageous in many instances. Of course with a rectangular arrangement of sub-purlins, the panel joints could be formed and tied similarly in both directions.

There are various possible modifications within the spirit of the structures and examples which I have shown, and the novelty inherent in all of them will be set forth in the appended claims, as well as novelty inherent in exemplary forms such as those illustrated.

In the claims and the description above, I have referred to the reinforcing mesh as formed of wires, but this is for purposes of simplicity since the wires may be technically known as rods either extending in one direction of the mesh or both directions.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A roof deck structural panel formed of a bonded heat and sound insulating material of low structural strength, having a welded wire reinf orcing mesh embedded therein, said panel having joint-forming extensions of less thickness than said panel in opposed edges thereof, said mesh being substantially coextensive with said panel and extensions and lying in a plane of said extensions intermediate the surfaces of said panel, a wire of said mesh lying on said extensions adjacent and parallel to the outer edges thereof, whereby, when a series of said panels are juxtaposed with their respective joint forming extensions overlapping, the reinforcing mesh of each panel will overlap the reinforcing mesh of an adjacent panel, and the meshes of said series of panels will be substantially in a common plane intermediate the thickness of said series of panels.

2. A structural deck comprising a supporting structure of sub-purlins in spaced relation, rows of panels resting upon said sub-purlins each of said panels being formed of a bonded heat and sound insulating material of low structural strength, having a welded wire reinforcing mesh embedded therein, said panels having joint-forming extensions of less thickness than said panels in opposed edges thereof, said mesh for each panel being substantially coextensive with said panel and extensions, and lying in a plane of said extensions intermediate the surfaces of said panel, a wire of said mesh lying on said extensions adjacent and parallel to the outer edges thereof, said panels being juxtaposed with their respective joint-forming extensions and meshes overlapping, the meshes of all said panels lying substantially in a common plane intermediate the thickness of said panels, and tie members passing through said overlapping extensions and meshes, locking said wires together, said tie members extending to, and being welded to, said sub-purlins.

EDWARD CLYDE I-IOGE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 767,723 Terpening Aug. 16, 1904 1,060,853 Peirce May 6, 913 1,067,854 White July 22, 1913 1,086,177 Hultquist Feb. 3, 1914 1,421,335 Williams June 27, 1922 1,533,580 Woodhouse Apr. 14, 1925 ,579,0 5 Marks Mar. 30, 1926 1,646,809 Brandt Oct. 25, 1927 1,684,050 Adams Sept. 11, 1928 1,863,734 Venzie June 21, 1932 1,902,789 Reel Mar. 21, 1933 1,941,769 Ward Jan. 2, 1934 1,954,89 Ross et al Apr. 17, 1934 1,971,999 Venzie Aug. 28, 1934 2,034,080 Bitzenburger Mar. 17, 1936 2,096,495 Hogg Oct. 19, 1937 2,177,264 Relihan Oct. 24, 1939 2,220,349 Plumb Nov. 5, 1940 2,270,672 Heeren Jan. 20, 1942 2,301,062 Long Nov. 3, 1942 2,338,246 Hoge Jan. 4, 1944 2,347,756 Swenson May 2, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 9,101 Australia Aug. 29, 1927 429,803 Great Britain June 6, 1935 781,893 France 1935 809,799 France Dec. 13, 1936 844,457 France 1939

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