WO2014022875A1

WO2014022875A1 - Stove

Info

Publication number: WO2014022875A1
Application number: PCT/AT2013/050158
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Bock
Original assignee: Andreas Bock
Priority date: 2012-08-09
Filing date: 2013-08-09
Publication date: 2014-02-13
Also published as: AT513399A1; EP2883004A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a stove for heating rooms, comprising a combustion chamber (9) arranged inside a stove body (2), characterised in that the stove body (2) is surrounded at least in part by an outer body (1). Said outer body (1) is a distance away from the stove body (2), forming an air-filled convection space (4) between the stove body (2) and the outer body (1) and the outer body (1) has a covering (3) comprising at least two layers (31, 32) with different thermal properties.

Description

Wood stove

The invention relates to a stove for heating rooms according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stoves are known from the prior art, which cause a combination of thermal radiation with convection heating rooms. The structure of these stoves includes a combustion chamber, which is surrounded by a mostly layered constructed furnace body. When firing the combustion chamber with fuels, the heat generated during the combustion process is transferred to the furnace body and discharged by convection and heat radiation directly to the environment. The oven body heats up strongly and often reaches temperatures above 200 ° C. This is on the one hand not dangerous and there is a risk of injury, in addition, the furnace body of heat resistant materials, such as firebricks, which are usually solid and heavy, be constructed to prevent damage to the materials during operation. The prevailing on the surface of the stove temperature thus also affects the usable furnace materials and therefore the appearance and the design options of wood-burning stoves.

The object of the invention is therefore to reduce the Au ßentemperatur of wood stoves, while simple design, low weight and high stability of the furnace. The invention solves this problem in a stove of the type mentioned above with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. It is inventively provided that the furnace body is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by an outer body and the outer body is spaced from the furnace body. Between the furnace body and the Au ßenkörper an air-filled convection space is formed by the spacing. The outer body has a cladding comprising at least two layers with different thermal properties. By thermal properties are meant the thermal conductivity, the heat transfer and the absorption, the absorption of thermal radiation.

Due to the thus achieved, lower Au ßentemperatur of Au ßenkörpers it is possible to attach a film on the Au ßenkörper of the stove, and thereby to achieve enlarged and more flexible design options. Furthermore, the risk of injury is reduced by touching the stove. This is particularly useful when installing the stove in living areas where children also live and when installing the stove as a design object at events or events with a high Visitors come in, where "Rempelein" and alcohol-impaired visitors can not be excluded.

Further advantageous embodiments of the stove are described in the features of the dependent claims.

In order to achieve a high removal of the heat energy by convection, it is provided that the outer body has a lid which is permeable to air with the convection space and the outer furnace environment. The Au ßenkörper preferably near the bottom and / or in the ground, air inlets that connect the outer furnace environment with the convection space permeable to air. Through the air-permeable lid and the air inlets, an air circulation between the outer furnace environment and the convection space, in particular by natural convection generated. A high removal of heat energy allows rapid heating of the furnace environment, all outside the furnace, and thus the installation space.

An appealing embodiment of the stove is achieved and facilitates the attachment of a film when externa lateral surface of the outer body as a kink-free body of revolution, which is in particular cylinder jacket-shaped. It is particularly attractive if the cross section of the outer body is curved and / or corner-free, in particular circular or oval.

A particularly attractive external design is achieved by the outer body being in the form of a can, in particular in the form of a beverage can. This allows the appearance of a large beverage can and has a special design effect.

In order to reduce the heat transfer from the convection space in the outer body, it is provided that the first layer of the cladding of the Au ßenkörpers radially further outward and the second layer radially further inside. With less heat in the

Outer body, the Au ßentemperatur of the furnace is lowered particularly strong.

A small thickness of the cladding is achieved by placing the second layer on the first

Layer contacting touching. This makes the oven smaller, easier to handle and more stable.

In order to enable a uniform heat distribution in the first layer, it is provided that the first layer is formed as a good heat-conducting layer, in particular with a higher coefficient of thermal conductivity than the second layer, and in particular has a heat conduction coefficient of 50 to 80 W / mK. In a well-conductive layer, the heat is distributed quickly and evenly over the entire layer. A particularly stable embodiment of the cladding arises when the first layer consists of metal, in particular sheet steel.

A particularly low heat transfer in the Au ßenkörper is achieved by the second layer has a lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than the first layer, preferably from 0.1 to 0.25 W / mK.

In order to achieve a high temperature difference between the inside of the second layer and the outside of the second layer and thus to lower the outside temperature further, it is provided that the second layer is formed as a heat insulating layer and is constructed in particular of Keramikfaserisoliermaterial.

The heating of the second layer by thermal radiation is reduced when the furnace body facing surface of the second layer is white and / or reflective.

The temperature in the cladding of the stove can be lowered particularly effectively, if a further third layer is provided, which lies radially in the outer body furthest inside. As further inward is understood in connection with the stove closer to the combustion chamber. The first layer is from 1 mm to 3 mm, the second layer from 6 mm to 18 mm and the third layer from 1 mm to 3 mm thick.

A uniform temperature distribution in the third layer of the cladding is achieved by the third layer is formed as a good heat-conducting layer, in particular with a higher thermal conductivity than the second layer, and in particular has a heat transfer coefficient of 50 to 80 W / mK.

The stability of the cladding is increased and the cost is reduced if the third layer consists of metal, in particular sheet steel.

A high absorption value of the third layer and thus a high absorption of the heat radiation, which is delivered to the air flowing in the convection space and transported away from the furnace is achieved when the furnace body facing surface of the third layer has a dark color and especially dark, in particular black or anthracite, painted.

A small radial expansion and a higher stability of the cladding is achieved when the third layer is in contact with the second layer.

Increased panel stability and improved furnace safety can be achieved when the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are bonded together to form a sandwich construction. In order to prevent overheating at critical, particularly hot spots of the third layer by the heat radiation of the furnace body, it is provided that the third layer is excluded from penetrating at least one, in particular at two, points.

A simplified installation of the panel is achieved when the panel is constructed of several, preferably four, separately mountable and / or replaceable, trim parts. This also allows easy replacement of individual, damaged furnace parts.

In order to make the lid and the bottom of the stove variable and to increase the similarity with a beverage can, it is envisaged that two trim parts are attached to the terminal areas of the Au ßenkörpers having an outwardly tapering diameter Shen and in particular frusto-conical are. Characterized the lid and the bottom of the outer body is designed similar to a beverage can.

Diverse Designanwendungs- and design options of the stove can be achieved when applied to the oven car facing away Au ßenfläche the outer body a film, in particular glued, is.

An inexpensive and simple production of the film of the stove is achieved by the film is at least partially made of plastic.

A facilitated attachment of the film on Au ßenkörper provides that the film is adhered to the outer surface of the Au ßenkörpers and in particular is designed as an adhesive film. This also facilitates a design change, which can also be carried out by a non-specialist.

A particularly appealing design of the stove is achieved by the film is printed or painted. For example, the pressure of a favorite beverage can imitated and in combination with the above-mentioned shape of the beverage can the impression of a large, the installation space heating beer can be produced. A more flexible handling of the film in the manufacturing process and easier installation on the stove provides that the film has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

A holistic design is created when the film surrounds the outer surface of the outer surface of the film around its entire surface.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings and will be described below with reference to the drawings, for example.

1 and 2 are perspective views of two different embodiments of the stove,

3 is a front view of an embodiment of the stove,

4 is a side view of FIG. 3,

5 and 6 associated floor plans,

7 is a sectional view A-A according to FIG. 3,

8 is a sectional view B-B of FIG. 7,

9 is a sectional view C-C of FIG. 7,

10 is a front view of another embodiment,

1 1 is a side view of FIG. 10,

12 is a plan view of FIG. 10,

13 is a sectional view D-D of FIG. 10,

14a, 14b, 15a and 15b are perspective views of trim parts and

16 and 17 show a schematic structure of the cladding layers and a schematic course of the heat conduction and radiation.

1 shows a first advantageous embodiment of the stove 10 with a cylindrical outer body 1. The shell of the outer body 1 is free of corners, cylindrical and constructed of several trim parts. Furthermore, Fig. 1 shows an oven door 1 1, which ensures access to an inner combustion chamber 9. Below the oven door 1 1, a removable ash tray 12 is formed. The cylindrical Au ßenkörper 1 includes at the top of a cover 5 from. The cover 5 is circular in shape and has a plurality of air outlets 20 passing through it. In the center of the cover 5, a recess 16 for chimney pipes is shown. Near the bottom 6 of the Au ßenkörpers 1 rectangular air inlets 7 are formed in the panel 3 of the outer body 1. On the outer surface of the panel 3, a film 8 is applied.

In Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the stove 10 is shown. In this case, the embodiment of the stove 10 shown in Fig. 1 is formed with a trim cover 15 and a cladding floor 14. The cover lid 5 attached trim cover 15 is frusto-conical and has air outlets 13. The cladding floor 14 is equal to the trim cover 15th formed and attached to the bottom of the outer body 1, the bottom 6 of the stove 10. The external appearance of the Au ßenkörpers 1 is modeled on a beverage can. The panel 3 is covered with a film 8 which is executed here einfärbig. However, the film 8 can be printed or painted with any design and, for example, imitate the design of a beer can.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show a front view and a side view of one of the very similar in Fig. 1 embodiment of the stove 10. The furnace door 1 1 is provided with a glass sheet and allows the view into the combustion chamber 9. Furthermore, the radial on Scope of the outer body 1 arranged air inlets 7 shown. The panel 3 is covered with a single-color printed film 8.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 each show floor plans rotated by 90 ° about the cylinder axis of the embodiment of the stove 10 shown in FIG. 3. The cover 5 is shown with air outlets 20 arranged concentrically in a circle radially one behind the other and has a centrally located recess 16 for chimney pipes.

Fig. 7 shows a sectional view A-A of the embodiment of the stove 10 shown in Fig. 3. At the lower end of the combustion chamber 9 there is shown an ash rack 17 having a plurality of intersecting holes through which the firing residues, e.g. Ash, are discharged to a container 21 of the ash tray 12. The combustion chamber 9 surrounds a furnace body 2, which is further surrounded by a convection chamber 4. The outer body 1 surrounding the convection space 4 and objected to by the furnace body 2 comprises the cladding 3, the cover 5, the base 6 and a rear wall 19 perforated in this embodiment. Above the combustion chamber 9, a heat exchange space 18 is formed in the furnace body 2. Near the bottom 6 1 rectangularly formed air inlets 7 are excluded in the outer body. The cover 5 is interspersed with a plurality of air outlets 20 and has in the center a recess 16 for chimney pipes.

FIG. 8 shows a section BB of the embodiment of the stove 10 shown in FIG. 7. The section runs perpendicular to the cylinder axis through the combustion chamber 9 and represents the stove in the direction of the bottom 6. The furnace body 2 is in the direction of the oven door 1 1 and limited to the other sides of the combustion chamber 9. The panel 3 of the Au ßenkörpers 1 is constructed in layers and includes a first, radially outward lying layer 31, a second layer 32 and a third layer 33. The second layer 32 is present the first layer 31 touching and consists of Keramikfaserisoliermaterial. The radially innermost third layer 33 bears against the second layer 32 and consists of sheet steel. Like the third layer 33, the first layer 31 consists of sheet steel and, like the third layer, has a coefficient of thermal conduction λ between 50 W / mK and 80 W / mK. The second layer is white, has a low absorption value and has a thermal conductivity coefficient λ of 0.1 W / mK to 0.25 W / mK. The layer structure of the panel 3 is designed as a sandwich construction and allows high stability with low weight. The panel 3 consists of several separately mountable trim parts.

Fig. 9 shows a sectional view C-C perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the Au ßenkörpers 1 through the convection chamber 4 and the heat exchange chamber 18. The convection chamber 4 is extended over the combustion chamber 9 and surrounds the heat exchange chamber 18 completely. The heat exchange chamber 18 has a square cross section and is designed as a sheet steel construction.

10 shows a front view of the beverage can-shaped design of the stove 10. FIG. 13 shows a full section D-D of the sectional axes shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, the inner workings with the convection chamber 4, the heat exchange chamber 18 and the combustion chamber 9 of the chimney stove 10 shaped as beverage cans are shown.

Figures 14a and 14b show perspective views of one embodiment of the trim cover 15 and the trim floor 14. In the trim floor 14, a plurality of circumferentially-spaced, rectangular air inlets 7 are formed near the bottom 6. In the trim cover 15, the air outlets 20 are shown for the outflow of air from the convection chamber 4 and the recess 16 for chimney pipes.

FIGS. 15a and 15b show perspective views of a further embodiment of the trim cover 15. The trim cover 15 has a frusto-conical shape and has an end face that is recessed on the smaller end face. The upper air outlets 13 are arranged distributed circumferentially on the lateral surface of the recess and formed rectangular. FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 schematically show the structure of an embodiment of the wood-burning stove 10. FIG. 16 shows a perspective view and FIG. 17 shows a sectional view of the schematic structure of the panel 3 of the outer body 1.

In operation of the stove 10, a base heat is processed in the combustion chamber 9 on the ash rack 17 with small wood on which logs are placed. The high heat emission of the embers causes the hydrocarbons of the laid logs to degas during the pyrolysis process. With the addition of so-called secondary air, these gases are completely burned off in the form of long-tongued flames. The outgassing flue gas is then converted by complete combustion in C0 ₂ . The majority of the reaction energy is converted into heat and passed through the combustion chamber 9 to the furnace body 2. The predominant part of the heat is passed through the oven body 2 to the outside Shen, a small part remains as residual heat in the flue gas available. The flue gas is passed from the combustion chamber 9 via a plurality of deflections in the heat exchange chamber 18 (Fig. 7). In this case, the flue gas in the form of heat transfer and heat radiation is further energy to the furnace body 2 from.

The heat energy absorbed by the furnace body 2 is for the most part discharged by heat transfer to the air flowing in the convection chamber 4 and radiated to a further part as heat radiation from the furnace body 2 (Figure 16, Figure 17). Due to the temperature differences between the furnace environment and the heated convection chamber 4 is formed by the air inlets 7, the air outlets 20 and the convection 4 an air circulation (Fig.7). In this case, fresh air flows in the air inlets 7 near the bottom 6, via the convection chamber 4 further and via the air outlets 20 in the lid 5 from the stove 10. In the convection chamber 4, a natural convection is formed, which absorbs the majority of the heat collected in the oven body 2 by the heat transfer and emits at discharge from the stove 10 to the furnace environment and this heats it. The perforated furnace rear wall 19 thereby amplifies the air flow rate and thereby the heat derived by the convection.

On the inner surface of the third layer 33, a black color is applied. The black coating 22 increases the absorption value of the layer 33 and the heat radiation emitted by the oven body 2 is absorbed almost completely in the third layer 33. The high thermal conductivity λ of the third layer 33 causes a uniform distribution of heat in the entire layer. The third layer 33 absorbed heat is largely released to the air flowing in the convection 4 air and transferred to a further part of the radially inner surface of the second layer 32.

Due to the insulating properties due to the low thermal conductivity coefficient λ of the ceramic fiber insulating material of the second layer 32, a high temperature gradient between the inner surface of the second layer 32 and the outer surface of the second layer 32 and thus between the third layer 33 and the first layer 31 reached. The remaining heat energy transferred to the first layer 31 is uniformly distributed by the high thermal conductivity λ of the first layer 31 in the first layer 31 and emitted to the furnace environment via heat radiation and convection. By the construction of the stove 10 with the furnace body 2, the convection space 4 and the layered structure of the panel 3, the outside temperature at the outermost surface of the first layer 31, in contrast to the surface temperature of conventional stoves, greatly lowered.

On the outwardly facing surface of the furnace lining 3 and thus on the outermost surface of the first layer 31, the film 8 is glued (Figure 16, Figure 17). The film 8 is formed as an adhesive film and printed or painted with different motifs or patterns. Due to the thickness of the film 8, which is preferably formed from 0.5 mm to 3 mm, the technical thermal properties of the furnace lining 3 of the stove 10 are only slightly affected. The low surface temperature ensures that the film 8 does not melt during operation or the adhesive does not peel off.

As an alternative to the continuous third layer 33, it may be locally removed in order to reduce local overheating. In this case, the underlying and exposed by the recesses second layer 32 takes by their white color only a small part of the heat radiation and prevents critical, particularly hot spots overheating and excessive heat absorption. Alternatively, the second layer 32 may be reflective instead of white and reflect the heat radiation of the furnace body 2 again.

Further, the second layer 32 may be formed as an air-filled space or as a vacuum between the third layer 33 and the first layer 31, thereby replacing the heat-insulating task of the second layer 32 by appropriately dimensioning the gap.

Claims

Patent claims

1 . Fireplace stove for heating rooms, with a combustion chamber (9) arranged within a stove body (2), characterized in that the stove body (2) is at least partially, in particular completely, surrounded by an outer body (1), the outer body (1) spaced from the oven body (2) and an air-filled convection space (4) is formed between the oven body (2) and the outer body (1), and the outer body (1) has a cladding (3) which has at least two layers (31, 32 ) with different thermal properties.

2. Fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer body (1) has a lid (5) which is connected to the convection space (4) and the external oven environment in an air-permeable manner and that the outer body (1), preferably close to the floor (6) and/or in the base (6), has air inlets (7) which connect the outer oven environment with the convection space (4) in an air-permeable manner, so that air circulation between the outer oven environment and the convection space (4), in particular through natural convection, can be generated.

3. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer lateral surface of the outer body (1) is designed as a kink-free rotating body, in particular in the shape of a cylinder jacket.

4. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the outer body (1) is curved and / or corner-free, in particular circular or oval.

5. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer body (1) is can-shaped, in particular in the form of a beverage can.

6. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first layer (31) of the cladding (3) of the outer body (1) is located radially further out and the second layer (32) is located radially further in.

7. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second layer (32) lies in contact with the first layer (31).

8. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first layer (31) is designed as a good heat-conducting layer, in particular with a higher thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) than the second layer (32), and in particular a thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) of 50 to 80 W/mK.

9. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first layer (31) consists of metal, in particular sheet steel.

10. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second layer (32) has a lower thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) than the first layer (31), preferably from 0.1 to 0.25 W/mK.

1 1 . Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second layer (32) is designed as a heat insulating layer and is in particular made of ceramic fiber insulating material.

12. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the second layer (32) facing the stove body (2) is white and / or reflective.

13. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further third layer (33) is provided, which lies radially furthest inside in the outer body (1).

14. Fireplace according to claim 13, characterized in that the third layer (33) is designed as a good heat-conducting layer, in particular with a higher thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) than the second layer (32), and in particular a thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) of 50 to 80 W/mK.

15. Fireplace according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the third layer (33) consists of metal, in particular sheet steel.

16. Fireplace according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the surface of the third layer (33) facing the stove body (2) has a dark color and is painted in particular dark, in particular black or anthracite.

17. Fireplace according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the third layer (33) lies in contact with the second layer (32).

18. Fireplace according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the first layer (31), the second layer (32) and the third layer (33) are connected to one another to form a sandwich construction.

19. Fireplace stove according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the third layer (33) is cut out in at least one, in particular two, places.

20 Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cladding (3) is constructed from several, preferably four, separately mountable and/or interchangeable cladding parts.

21. Fireplace according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two cladding parts (14; 15) are provided, which are attached to the end regions of the outer body (1), each have an outwardly tapering diameter and are in particular designed in the shape of a truncated cone.

22. Fireplace stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a film (8) is applied, in particular glued, to the outer surface of the outer body (1) facing away from the stove body (2).

23. Fireplace according to claim 22, characterized in that the film (8) consists at least partially of plastic.

24. Fireplace according to one of claims 22 or 23, characterized in that the film (8) is glued to the outer surface of the outer body (1) and is in particular designed as an adhesive film.

25. Fireplace according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the film (8) is printed or painted.

26. Fireplace according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the film (8) has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 3 mm. WO 2014/022875, ,, PCT/AT2013/050158

27. Fireplace according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the film (8) completely surrounds the outer surface of the cladding (3) of the outer body (1).