WO2014019973A1 - Dispositif de réglage de l'entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation, en particulier d'un contacteur - Google Patents

Dispositif de réglage de l'entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation, en particulier d'un contacteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014019973A1
WO2014019973A1 PCT/EP2013/065879 EP2013065879W WO2014019973A1 WO 2014019973 A1 WO2014019973 A1 WO 2014019973A1 EP 2013065879 W EP2013065879 W EP 2013065879W WO 2014019973 A1 WO2014019973 A1 WO 2014019973A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
tightening
drive
magnetic flux
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/065879
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ingo Schaar
Witali Steinnagel
Original Assignee
Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority to DE112013003750.5T priority Critical patent/DE112013003750A5/de
Publication of WO2014019973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014019973A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01F2007/1866—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits with regulation loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1888—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings using pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1894—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings minimizing impact energy on closure of magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H2047/046—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the electromagnetic drive of a switching device, in particular a contactor, and a switching device with such a control device.
  • a magnetic field In switching devices such as contactors with electromagnetic drive a magnetic field must be built in a switching operation in the drive, on the one hand strong enough to drive the drive mechanism, on the other hand, but not too strong to avoid damage in the drive mechanism. Damage can occur, for example, when the magnetic field built up by a tightening coil during the tightening process is so strong that it comes to contact bounce. In this case, a contact strikes against its mating contact with high kinetic energy and bounces back due to this high energy. Depending on the kinetic energy, the contact bounce may repeat several times until a permanent contact is made. As a result, however, the contacts can be mechanically damaged. In addition, especially when switching high power during contact bouncing unwanted arcing, which can lead to a contact erosion.
  • WO97 / 21237A discloses a device for controlling the magnetic flux to a predetermined range which is time and distance independent. This regulation is based on the finding that the desired value of the magnetic flux in the coil (coil flow) used for the control of the drive of a switching device can be selected independent of state and position. Therefore, in the disclosed control of the coil current is controlled so that the most constant coil flow is achieved both during a tightening and holding operation.
  • the coil flow is measured either by a separate and dedicated auxiliary coil or a magnetic field probe. To control a simple threshold comparison is used with an upper and lower threshold for the coil flow.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to propose a further improved device for controlling the electromagnetic drive of a switching device, in particular a contactor, and a switching device with the improved control device.
  • the present invention is provided for switching devices with an electromagnetic drive having a pull-in and a holding coil, which are coupled due to their structural arrangement, so that a magnetic field of the tightening coil induces an electrical voltage in the holding coil.
  • an electromagnetic drive having a pull-in and a holding coil, which are coupled due to their structural arrangement, so that a magnetic field of the tightening coil induces an electrical voltage in the holding coil.
  • a switching device in the holding coil induction voltage
  • a Based on the voltage induced during the tightening process of a switching device in the holding coil (induction voltage) is now according to the invention a generates the signal flux corresponding to the magnetic flux of the tightening coil, which is used to form a control difference together with a reference variable which predetermines the magnetic flux characteristic to be generated by the tightening coil during the tightening process.
  • the measured with the help of the holding coil magnetic flux of the coil is then adjusted according to the calculated difference continuously the reference variable.
  • This allows an optimally adapted to the drive, in particular the operating condition of the drive control of the coil flux of the tightening coil can be compensated with the magnetic flux of the tension coil influencing variables such as fluctuations in the coil input voltage and the coil temperature continuously during the tightening process and at the same time a desired is achieved by the reference variable predetermined magnetic flux of the tension coil as accurate as possible.
  • An embodiment of the invention relates to a device for controlling the electromagnetic drive of a switching device, in particular a contactor comprising a tightening coil and a holding coil coupled thereto, with a transducer for measuring a in the holding coil by the magnetic flux of the tightening coil in a tightening operation of the drive generated induction voltage and for generating a calculated based on the measured induction voltage signal magnitude corresponding to the magnetic flux of the attracting coil, and a controller for continuously setting the pulse width of a pulse width modulated signal for driving the tightening coil during the tightening operation in response to a control difference consisting of a Reference variable and is formed from the signal size, wherein the reference variable predetermines a setpoint course of the magnetic flux of the tightening coil during the tightening process, which is determined as a function of various influences on the drive.
  • the pulse width By controlling the pulse width, a very accurate control of the behavior of the electromagnetic drive during the tightening process can be achieved. Since the command variable no speed-course is specified as in the regulation described in DE 195 35 211 AI, but a setpoint course of the magnetic flux of the tightening coil, the behavior of the electromagnetic drive can be better adjusted to drive influences, such as fluctuations in Input voltage of the tightening coil and temperature influences. In particular, it can be ensured that the behavior of the drive is approximately the same at virtually any input voltage and ambient temperature, which also improves the switching speed and the power consumption of the tightening coil can be reduced.
  • the setpoint course can be determined depending on different mounting positions and / or the supply voltage of the drive and / or the temperature of the tightening coil.
  • the desired value curve can be derived from a measurement of the magnetic flux curve in the holding coil of the drive at a first position of the drive and a further measurement at a second, different from the first, so that a switching device with the drive both in the first and the second layer can work as trouble-free as possible.
  • measurements of the magnetic flux profile in the holding coil of the drive at different temperatures and supply voltages of the drive, in particular the tightening coil during the tightening process for the determination of an optimized target value course s can be evaluated.
  • a magnetic field sensor may further be provided, and the controller may further be configured to continuously adjust the supply voltage of the holding coil depending on a second control difference consisting of a second magnetic flux to be generated by the holding coil Reference variable and a second, formed from the measurement signal of the magnetic field sensor signal size is formed.
  • the magnetic flux of the holding coil in the holding operation of the electromagnetic drive can be controlled, whereby temperature and input voltage fluctuations of the holding coil can be compensated and thus reliable operation of the drive can be ensured in holding operation.
  • the controller may have a P controller which adjusts the pulse width of the pulse width modulated signal in proportion to the control difference.
  • the pulse width between a maximum and a minimum value can be set as a function of the control difference, so that a predetermined minimum or maximum magnetic flux is generated in the tightening coil, at least if the minimum value is not exceeded or the maximum value is exceeded by control deviation. Too large deviations, ie when the control difference in amount exceeds a predetermined threshold, can also be provided that the drive is turned off to avoid damage when, for example, a switching device with a controlled by the control device drive with too high Supply voltage is operated, or even with too low or too fluctuating supply voltage.
  • the transducer and / or the controller may be implemented by a processor and a memory in which a program for calculating the signal magnitude based on the measured induction voltage, for forming the control difference from the reference variable and the signal supplied to the processor and for controlling the pulse width of the Pulse width modulated signal is stored depending on the control difference.
  • the processor and the memory can be implemented, for example, by a microcontroller having a memory in which a firmware of a switching device is implemented, which implements the aforementioned control functions.
  • the setpoint course of the magnetic flux of the tightening coil during the tightening process, which is processed by the firmware can also be stored in the memory.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a switching device, in particular contactor, with a switching drive having a tightening coil and a holding coil coupled thereto, and a control device according to the invention and as described above for controlling the magnetic coil to be generated by the tightening coil during a tightening operation river.
  • FIG. 1 a block diagram of an embodiment of a device for controlling the electromagnetic drive of a large power contactor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a large power contactor incorporating a control device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a time diagram with exemplary profiles of a reference variable w of the device for controlling the electromagnetic drive according to the invention, a signal quantity wx generated according to the invention and the calculated control difference xd and the PWM signal y controlled as a function of the control difference xd.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the control device according to the invention for an electromagnetic drive of a contactor of high power.
  • the contactor drive has a tightening coil and a holding coil (in FIG. 1 controlled system 12).
  • the holding coil is coupled to the tightening coil in such a way that the same magnetic flux acts in both coils.
  • the voltage UHalt -N * d * / dt is established via the holding coil when a magnetic flux is generated by the tightening coil during the tightening process.
  • the voltage UHalt corresponds to an induced voltage Ulnd, which is designated in FIG. 1 as quantity x.
  • a transducer 14 calculates the time-dependent magnetic flux ⁇ (t) from the voltage Ulnd (size x) and outputs the calculated flux as the signal quantity wx.
  • a subtractor subtracts the signal magnitude wx from a command value w, which provides a setpoint characteristic of the magnetic flux in the tightening coil during the tightening operation.
  • the setpoint curve was determined depending on various influences on the drive. For this, measurements of the magnetic flux characteristic in the tightening coil are carried out during various different influences on the contactor drive. Measurements can be made for different mounting positions of the contactor, at different supply voltages of the drive and / or at different temperatures. From the flux curves determined by the various measurements, a setpoint curve is then determined which corresponds to an optimal function of the Drive is adapted under different operating conditions, in particular ensures the best possible function for different mounting positions, supply voltage and temperature ranges.
  • the control difference xd generated by the subtractor is fed to a controller 16, which adjusts the pulse width of a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal y to drive the tightening coil as a function of the control difference xd.
  • FIG. 3 shows exemplary waveforms of the signals w, wx, xd and y for clarification of the regulation.
  • the PWM signal y has a period T. During each period T, the signal y is turned on for the time T on.
  • the time Tein corresponds to the pulse width of the signal y during each period T and determines the magnetic flux generated in the suiting coil • (t), since the suiting coil is energized when the signal y is switched on.
  • the time Tein is determined by the controller 16 depending on the control difference xd.
  • a minimum and maximum value are given, which can be 0 or T in the extreme case.
  • Tein can be set in proportion to xd between the minimum and maximum values.
  • the controller 16 implements a P-law that proportionally converts the control difference xd into a time Tein. By this regulation, the magnetic flux of the tightening coil can be set very accurately and finely.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a contactor of high power with an implementation of the control device according to the invention by a microcontroller.
  • the contactor is connected via the two supply connections AI and A2 with AC lines LI and N.
  • the contactor can hereby be designed to be supplied with an alternating voltage in the range of a few to several hundred volts.
  • the voltage applied to the inputs AI and A2 voltage is supplied to a rectifier circuit 30.
  • the DC voltage generated by the rectifier circuit 30 is fed directly to a pull-in coil 28 and a holding coil 26 of the switching drive of the contactor.
  • the suiting coil 28 and the holding coil 26 can each be connected via a FET (field effect transistor) 32 or 34 to a reference potential, so that when the FET is turned on, the respective coil is energized and a magnetic flux is generated.
  • FET field effect transistor
  • only the tightening coil 28 is energized during the tightening process, whereby the switching drive is moved to close the switching contacts 36 of the contactor.
  • the switch contacts 36 are closed, switching is made to the hold mode in which only the hold coil 26 is energized. Due to the structural design of the holding and tightening coil 26 and 28, both are so coupled, that flows in them when energizing one of the two coils, the same magnetic flux • flows.
  • the voltage Ulnd is induced in the holding coil 26 due to the magnetic flux generated by the tightening coil 28.
  • This voltage Ulnd is converted via a resistor network 24, in particular a voltage divider, into a voltage which is fed to an input of a microprocessor or controller 20 of the contactor for further processing.
  • the microprocessor or controller 20 executes a stored in a (not shown) memory operating program of the contactor, which implements the control shown in FIG. 1 in principle.
  • the control variable w for the control is stored as setpoint curve 22 of the magnetic flux ⁇ (t) during the tightening process and is read out by the microprocessor or controller 20 for the purposes of control.
  • the microprocessor or controller 20 By the control implemented by the operating program, the microprocessor or controller 20 generates the signal shown in FIG. 3 as y for driving the tightening coil FET 32.
  • a magnetic sensor such as a Hall sensor or GMR (Giant Magneto Resistance) may be provided, the measured value is evaluated in holding operation by the microprocessor or controller 20 to control the holding coil FET 34 so that generated by the holding coil 26 in the hold mode magnetic flux corresponds to a predetermined setpoint course.
  • the nominal value course of the magnetic flux will typically be constant, so that in principle only a constant value has to be stored as the setpoint course.
  • control of the electromagnetic drive of a switching device can be generated by adjusting a defined magnetic flux of the coil of the electromagnetic drive, which can be achieved by the input voltage and temperature of the suit coil almost independent behavior of the drive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10; 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 32, 34) servant à régler l'entraînement électromagnétique (12; 26 28) d'un appareil de commutation, en particulier d'un contacteur, équipé d'une bobine d'attraction (28) et d'une bobine de maintien (26) couplée par construction à celle-ci, comprenant un transformateur de mesure (14; 24), qui sert à mesurer une tension d'induction (Uind) générée dans la bobine de maintien (26) par le flux magnétique de la bobine d'attraction (28) lors d'un processus d'attraction de l'entraînement et à générer une grandeur de signal (wx) correspondant au flux magnétique de la bobine d'attraction au moyen de la tension d'induction mesurée, ainsi qu'un régulateur (16; 20) qui sert à régler en continu la largeur d'impulsions d'un signal modulé en largeur d'impulsions (y) servant à exciter la bobine d'attraction pendant le processus d'attraction en fonction d'une différence de réglage (xd) formée à partir d'une grandeur de référence (w) et de la grandeur de signal (wx), la grandeur de référence prédéfinissant une courbe de valeur théorique (22) du flux magnétique de la bobine d'attraction (28) pendant le processus d'attraction déterminée en fonction de différentes influences agissant sur l'entraînement.
PCT/EP2013/065879 2012-07-30 2013-07-29 Dispositif de réglage de l'entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation, en particulier d'un contacteur WO2014019973A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112013003750.5T DE112013003750A5 (de) 2012-07-30 2013-07-29 Vorrichtung zum Regeln des elektromagnetischen Antriebs eines Schaltgeräts, insbesondere eines Schützes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012106922.0 2012-07-30
DE102012106922.0A DE102012106922A1 (de) 2012-07-30 2012-07-30 Vorrichtung zum Regeln des elektromagnetischen Antriebs eines Schaltgeräts, insbesondere eines Schützes

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014019973A1 true WO2014019973A1 (fr) 2014-02-06

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PCT/EP2013/065879 WO2014019973A1 (fr) 2012-07-30 2013-07-29 Dispositif de réglage de l'entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation, en particulier d'un contacteur

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DE (2) DE102012106922A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014019973A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113906533A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2022-01-07 沙尔特宝有限公司 用于闭合接触器的方法以及具有温度补偿的接触器

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2884233B1 (fr) 2013-12-16 2021-09-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Mesure de paramètres dans un entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation
DE102015101488B4 (de) 2015-02-02 2019-07-04 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Verfahren zur Verringerung des Strombedarfs bei Schaltgeräten, insbesondere bei Leistungsschaltern oder Motorschutzschaltern
BE1025259B1 (de) * 2017-05-31 2019-01-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektromechanisches Relais zum Bestimmen einer Position eines Ankers
DE102018008846A1 (de) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Magnetventil, Steuerungselektronik für ein Magnetventil und Verfahren zum Steuern eines Magnetventils
DE102019101074B4 (de) * 2019-01-16 2021-08-12 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Relais, Anordnung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Ankerstellung eines Relais
DE102020103468B4 (de) * 2020-02-11 2023-04-20 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Verfahren und system zum betrieb eines elektromagnetischen schalters

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EP0693756A1 (fr) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et dispositif d'excitation d'un consommateur électromagnétique
DE19535211A1 (de) 1995-09-22 1997-03-27 Univ Dresden Tech Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung eines elektromagnetischen Antriebes in einem Schaltgerät
WO1997021237A2 (fr) 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation
US20010026428A1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-10-04 Angelo Polese Relay with overcurrent protection
DE10032191A1 (de) * 2000-07-01 2002-01-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektronische Steuerschaltung
US20060171091A1 (en) 1997-06-26 2006-08-03 Seale Joseph B System and method for servo control of nonlinear electromagnetic actuators

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EP0693756A1 (fr) * 1994-07-22 1996-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et dispositif d'excitation d'un consommateur électromagnétique
DE19535211A1 (de) 1995-09-22 1997-03-27 Univ Dresden Tech Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung eines elektromagnetischen Antriebes in einem Schaltgerät
WO1997021237A2 (fr) 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation
US20060171091A1 (en) 1997-06-26 2006-08-03 Seale Joseph B System and method for servo control of nonlinear electromagnetic actuators
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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DE112013003750A5 (de) 2015-08-20

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