WO2014015733A1 - 一种利用缓释固体碳源进行生物脱氮的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用缓释固体碳源进行生物脱氮的方法 Download PDF

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WO2014015733A1
WO2014015733A1 PCT/CN2013/077839 CN2013077839W WO2014015733A1 WO 2014015733 A1 WO2014015733 A1 WO 2014015733A1 CN 2013077839 W CN2013077839 W CN 2013077839W WO 2014015733 A1 WO2014015733 A1 WO 2014015733A1
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nitrate
grains
distiller
nitrogen
cassava
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French (fr)
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陈银广
王怀臣
赵姝
孟凡松
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C02F3/305—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the denitrification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/163—Nitrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and relates to a method for biologically denitrifying a water body contaminated by nitrate by using a slow-release solid carbon source. Background technique
  • the solid carbon source is more suitable as a carbon source for denitrification by nitrate-contaminated water because of its slow release, sustainable supply of carbon source after one-time addition, and long-lasting denitrification process.
  • solid carbon sources including synthetic macromolecular materials (see Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102: 8835-8838); natural cellulosic materials such as cotton, licorice, and bark (see Process Biochemistry, 2006, 41 : 1539-1544) Wait.
  • the synthetic solid carbon source has better particle size and easier carbon release, and can obtain better denitrification effect, but its production cost is higher.
  • cassava As a cash crop, cassava has a very high starch content and is an important raw material for industrial production of alcohol. Cassava distiller's grains are used as cassava to prepare alcohol waste, and its output is huge. The main components are organic substances such as cellulose and lignin (see Bioresource Technology, 2000, 74: 81-87). However, so far, no report has been reported on its use as a biological denitrification and denitrification slow-release solid carbon source. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a biological nitrogen removal method for contaminating a water body contaminated with nitrate by using the cassava distiller's grains as a solid carbon source for biological denitrification, so that the nitrate-contaminated water body can be removed from the body.
  • Nitrogen also provides a pathway for resource utilization of large amounts of cassava distiller's grains.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a biological nitrogen removal method comprising nitrate sewage, comprising the steps of: adding cassava distiller's grains to a nitrate-contaminated water body for denitrification treatment.
  • the nitrate contaminated water body has a nitrate concentration of 2 to 80 mg/L before being treated.
  • the mass ratio of the amount of the cassava distiller's grains added to the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the water contaminated with nitrate is 3:1 to 150:1, preferably 15:1 to 25:1 (ie, the best dosage of cassava distiller's grains is preferred)
  • the amount is: 15 ⁇ 25g cassava distiller's grains / g N0 3 - - N ).
  • the treatment time of the denitrification treatment is 6-18 days
  • the treatment time for the denitrification treatment was 14 days.
  • the temperature of the denitrification treatment is 5 to 30 ° C, preferably 20 ° C.
  • the invention utilizes cassava distiller's grains in natural river water bodies contaminated by nitrates, and all water bodies contaminated by nitrates can include ground water.
  • the biological denitrification and denitrification of the present invention utilizes denitrification and denitrification of denitrifying microorganisms, and uses nitrate as an electron acceptor to gradually reduce nitrate to nitrogen, N0 3 - ⁇ N0 2 _ ⁇ NO ⁇ N 2 0 ⁇ N 2 .
  • the main denitrifying microorganisms are heterogeneous microorganisms, which need to use the carbon source provided by the outside world.
  • the cassava distiller's grains use its slow-release type to provide a carbon source for its continuous slowness, thereby achieving denitrification and overcoming the traditional liquid carbon source. The disadvantage of frequent additions.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the operation of the invention is particularly convenient, and only a certain amount of cassava distiller's grains can be added according to the concentration of nitrate in the water body. It mainly uses cassava distiller's grains to slowly release organic carbon in water as a carbon source for microbial denitrification, achieving the purpose of biological nitrogen removal.
  • the carbon source provides an excellent solid carbon source for the treatment of nitrate pollution in water by biological nitrogen removal method.
  • the carbon source overcomes the shortcomings of liquid carbon source requiring frequent addition.
  • the organic substance can be released slowly and continuously, ensuring an efficient and continuous denitrification effect.
  • the final COD concentration is also low after the end of the test, and after it loses its carbon release function, it can naturally degrade in the environment without causing secondary pollution.
  • the cassava distiller's grains (elemental composition C 32.33%, N 0.6% H 5.16%) were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 2.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.02 g/L (cassava distiller's grains and nitrate state).
  • the mass ratio of nitrogen is 10:1) and placed in an environment of 20 °C. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0.25 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 29 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 87.5%.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was increased by about 22 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 10.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.15 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 15:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0.47 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 33 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 95.3%. The denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 24 times.
  • the tapioca distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 10.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.25 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and the other operations were the same as in the first embodiment. After 14 days, the nitrate concentration was 0.38 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 34.8 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 96.2%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 24 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 10.0 mg/L at a dosage of 0.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 50:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0.015 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 52.8 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 99.8%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 10.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.0 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 100:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, and the COD was 66.4 mg/L, indicating that the nitrate nitrogen was completely removed. Control group without adding distiller's grains The nitrogen rate was 4% and the effect was increased by about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 10.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 150:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate concentration was measured as Omg/L, nitrite nitrogen was 0, and COD was 104.4 mg/L, indicating that all nitrate nitrogen was removed. In the control group without adding distiller's grains, the denitrification rate was 4%, and the effect was increased by about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 10.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.25 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and the environment was placed at 5 °C. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 1.5 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 31.5 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 85%. The denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 21 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 10.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.25 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and placed at 30 °C. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0.28 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 36.5 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 97.2%. The denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 24 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 40.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.25 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 6.25:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1.
  • the nitrate concentration was 22.75 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 36.32 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 43.1%.
  • the nitrogen removal rate was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 11 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 40.0 mg/L at a dosage of 0.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 12.5:1), and other operations were the same as in the examples. 1.
  • the nitrate concentration was 8.84 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 43.3 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 77.9%.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 19 times.
  • Example 11 The tapioca distiller's grains were put into the river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 40.0 mg/L according to the dosage of l.Og/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and other operations were carried out.
  • the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0.075 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 64.8 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 99.8%.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 25 times.
  • Example 12 The denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 40.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 1.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 37.5:1), and other operations were the same as the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate concentration was 0.15 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 114.4 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 99.6%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 40.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 2.0 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 50:1), and other operations were the same as the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate concentration was 0.11 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 153.2 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 99.7%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 40.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.0 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and placed at 5 °C.
  • the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 2.6 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 52 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 93.5%.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 23 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 40.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.0 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and placed at 30 °C.
  • the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 0 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 68 mg/L, indicating that the nitrate nitrogen was completely removed.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 25 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into the river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 80.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 0.24 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 3:1), and other operations were the same as the examples. 1, after 14 days, the nitrate concentration was measured as 50.38 mg / L, nitrite nitrogen 0, COD 36.8 mg / L, the final denitrification rate of 37%. The denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 9 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 80.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 1.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 18.75:1), and other operations were the same as the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 6.37 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 72.4 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 92.04%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 23 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 80.0 mg/L according to the dosage of 2.0 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 25:1), and other operations were the same as the examples. 1. After 14 days, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 3.99 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen was 0, the COD was 76.4 mg/L, and the final nitrogen removal rate was 95.01%. The control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 24 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate concentration of 80.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 18.75:1), placed at 5 °C.
  • the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 10.2 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 65.4 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 87.25%.
  • the control group without adding distiller's grains had a nitrogen removal rate of 4% and an effect of about 22 times.
  • the cassava distiller's grains were put into a river water simulation device with a nitrate nitrogen concentration of 80.0 mg/L at a dosage of 1.5 g/L (the mass ratio of cassava distiller's grains to nitrate nitrogen was 18.75:1), and placed at 30 °C.
  • the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 4.2 mg/L
  • the nitrite nitrogen was 0,
  • the COD was 75 mg/L
  • the final nitrogen removal rate was 94.75%.
  • the denitrification rate of the control group without adding distiller's grains was 4%, and the effect was improved by about 24 times.

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Description

一种利用缓释固体碳源进行生物脱氮的方法 技术领域
本发明属于环境保护技术领域， 涉及一种利用缓释固体碳源进行受硝酸盐污染水体生物 脱氮的方法。 背景技术
目前， 全球越来越多的国家地表及地下水体受到严重的硝酸盐污染， 而人们的饮用水源 多为地下水及地表水， 因此这在很大程度上威胁了人们的饮水安全。 人体长期摄入过量的硝 酸盐会引起高铁血红蛋白症， 甚至癌症。 美国环境保护协会已经给出标准要求饮用水中硝酸 盐浓度应低于 10mg/L。 目前， 去除水体中的硝态氮有很多种方法， 例如： 离子交换法、 反渗 透法及生物脱氮法等等。 在众多脱氮方法中， 生物脱氮因其安全、 高效、 低成本等优势最受 关注。 生物脱氮是在反硝化微生物的作用下将硝酸根逐步还原为氮气的过程（N03-→N02 _→NO
→N20→N2 ) ， 该过程是在一系列的酶解反应下进行的 （见文献 Process Biochemistry , 2006, 41 :1289-1295 ) 。 在整个脱氮过程中， 硝态氮作为电子受体需要有机碳向其提供电子， 但是 由于碳源不足， 造成反硝化效果不理想。 长久以来， 为了提高反硝化的效果， 人们常添加甲 醇、 乙酸等液态碳源作为补充碳源。这些液态碳源具有快速释放且易于被微生物利用等优点， 但它存在投加量难以控制、 投加次数频繁、 易造成二次污染等问题。
固体碳源因具有缓慢释放、 一次投加后可持续提供碳源、 能使反硝化过程持久进行等优 点， 更适合作为受硝酸盐污染水体反硝化的碳源。 固态碳源有很多种， 包括， 人工合成的大 分子材料（见文献 Bioresource Technology , 2011,102:8835-8838 )；天然的纤维素材料如棉花、 甘草、 树皮 （见文献 Process Biochemistry , 2006, 41 : 1539-1544) 等。 其中， 人工合成的固态 碳源其颗粒度较好且释碳量较易控制， 可以获得较好的脱氮效果， 但其生产成本较高。
木薯作为一种经济作物， 其淀粉含量非常高， 是工业生产酒精的一种重要原料。 木薯酒 糟作为木薯制备酒精的废弃物， 其产量巨大， 主要成分为纤维素、 木质素等有机物 （见文献 Bioresource Technology ,2000, 74: 81-87) 。 但到目前为止， 未见将其用作为生物反硝化脱氮 缓释固体碳源的报道。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于为克服现有技术的缺陷而提供一种使受硝酸盐污染水体的生物脱氮方 法， 该方法利用木薯酒糟作为生物反硝化的固体碳源， 使受硝酸盐污染水体生物脱氮， 同时 也为大量的木薯酒糟提供一条资源化利用的途径。
为实现上述目的， 本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种含硝酸盐污水的生物脱氮方法， 包含以下步骤： 向受硝酸盐污染的水体中添加木薯 酒糟进行脱氮处理。
所述的受硝酸盐污染的水体未处理前其硝酸盐浓度为 2〜80mg/L。
所述的木薯酒糟的加入量与受硝酸盐污染的水体中硝态氮的质量比为 3:1〜150:1， 优选 为 15:1〜25:1 (即优选木薯酒糟的最佳投加量为： 15〜25g木薯酒糟 /g N03-— N )。
所述的脱氮处理的处理时间为 6-18天
所述的脱氮处理的处理时间为 14天。
所述的脱氮处理的温度为 5~30°C， 优选为 20°C。
本发明是将木薯酒糟用于受硝酸盐污染的天然河道水体中， 所有的受硝酸盐污染的水体 都可以， 包括地下水。
本发明的生物反硝化脱氮是利用反硝化微生物的脱氮反硝化作用， 将硝酸盐作为电子受 体， 将硝酸根逐步还原为氮气去除， N03-→N02 _→NO→N20→N2。 主要的反硝化微生物是异 样型微生物， 需要利用外界提供的碳源， 而木薯酒糟正是利用其缓释型为其持续缓慢的提供 碳源， 从而实现脱氮作用， 并克服了传统液态碳源频繁投加的缺点。
本发明的有益效果是： 本发明操作特别方便， 只需根据水体中硝酸盐浓度， 加入一定量 的木薯酒糟即可。 它主要通过木薯酒糟在水中缓慢释放有机碳作为微生物反硝化的碳源， 达 到生物脱氮的目的。
( 1 )为生物脱氮法治理水体中硝酸盐污染提供了一种优良的固体碳源， 该碳源克服了液 态碳源需要频繁投加等缺点。 通过一次投加本发明的固体碳源， 可以缓慢、 持续的释放有机 物质， 保证高效、 持续的脱氮效果。 另外， 检测发现结束后最终 COD浓度也较低， 且在其失 去释碳功能后， 可在环境中自然降解， 不会造成二次污染。
(2)提供了一条资源化利用木薯酒糟的新途径， 避免了资源的浪费并减轻其对环境的污 染。
(3 )处理后木薯酒糟不需要分离， 因为酒糟属于纤维素类物质， 失去释碳功能后可在自 然界中自然分解， 故无需分离。 具体实施方式
下面结合实例作进一步详细说明，应当理解下面所举的实施例只是为了解释说明本发明， 并不包括本发明的所有内容。
实施例 1
按 0.02g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟（元素成分为 C 32.33%、 N 0.6% H 5.16%)投入到硝态 氮浓度为 2.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木薯酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 10:1 )， 置于 20°C环 境中。 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.25mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 29mg/L， 最终脱 氮率为 87.5%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 22倍。 实施例 2
按 0.15g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木 薯酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 15:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.47mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 33mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 95.3%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱 氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 24倍。 实施例 3
按 0.25g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.38mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 34.8mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 96.2%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 24倍。 实施例 4
按 0.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 50:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.015mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 52.8mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 99.8%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 5
按 1.0g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 100:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 66.4mg/L， 表明硝态氮全部去除。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱 氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 6
按 1.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 150:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 Omg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 104.4mg/L， 表明硝态氮全部去除。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱 氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 7
按 0.25g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )，置于 5°C环境中，经过 14天后，测得硝态氮浓度为 1.5mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 31.5mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 85%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 21倍。 实施例 8
按 0.25g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入硝态氮浓度为 10.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )，置于 30°C环境中，经过 14天后，测得硝态氮浓度为 0.28mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 36.5mg/L，最终脱氮率达 97.2%。而不添加酒糟的对照组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 24倍。 实施例 9
按 0.25g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木 薯酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 6.25:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 22.75mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 36.32mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 43.1%。 而不添加酒糟的对照 组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 11倍。 实施例 10
按 0.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 12.5:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 8.84mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 43.3mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 77.9%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 19倍。 实施例 11 按 l.Og/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.075mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 64.8mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 99.8%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 12
按 1.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 37.5:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.15mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 114.4mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 99.6%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 13
按 2.0g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 50:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0.11mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 153.2mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 99.7%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 14
按 1.0g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )，置于 5°C环境中，经过 14天后，测得硝态氮浓度为 2.6mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 52mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 93.5%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 23倍。 实施例 15
按 1.0g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 40.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )， 置于 30°C环境中， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 0mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD 为 68mg/L， 表明硝态氮全部被去处。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 25倍。 实施例 16
按 0.24g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 80.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中 （木 薯酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 3:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 50.38mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 36.8mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 37%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 9倍。 实施例 17
按 1.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 80.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 18.75:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 6.37mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 72.4mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 92.04%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 23倍。 实施例 18
按 2.0g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 80.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 25:1 )， 其他操作同实施例 1， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 3.99mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 76.4mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 95.01%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 24倍。 实施例 19
按 1.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 80.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 18.75:1 )， 置于 5 °C环境中， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 10.2mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 65.4mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 87.25%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组 脱氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 22倍。 实施例 20
按 1.5g/L的投加量将木薯酒糟投入到硝态氮浓度为 80.0mg/L的河道水模拟装置中（木薯 酒糟与硝态氮的质量比为 18.75:1 )， 置于 30°C环境中， 经过 14 天后， 测得硝态氮浓度为 4.2mg/L、 亚硝态氮为 0、 COD为 75mg/L， 最终脱氮率达 94.75%。 而不添加酒糟的对照组脱 氮率为 4%， 效果提高了约 24倍。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。 熟悉 本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改， 并把在此说明的一般原理应 用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。 因此， 本发明不限于这里的实施例， 本领域技 术人员根据本发明的揭示， 不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范 围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种含硝酸盐污水的生物脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 包含以下步骤： 向受硝酸盐污染的 水体中添加木薯酒糟进行脱氮处理。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的受硝酸盐污染的水体未处理前 其硝酸盐浓度为 2〜80mg/L。
3.根据权利要求 1 所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的木薯酒糟的加入量与受硝酸盐 污染的水体中硝态氮的质量比为 3: 1〜150:1。
4.根据权利要求 1 所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的木薯酒糟的加入量与受硝酸盐 污染的水体中硝态氮的质量比为 15: 1〜25: 1。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的脱氮方法，其特征在于：所述的脱氮处理的处理时间为 6-18天。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的脱氮处理的处理时间为 14天。
7.根据权利要求 1所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的脱氮处理的温度为 5~30°C。
8.根据权利要求 1所述的脱氮方法， 其特征在于： 所述的脱氮处理的温度为 20°C。
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