WO2014015612A1 - 一种透明显示器 - Google Patents

一种透明显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014015612A1
WO2014015612A1 PCT/CN2012/085841 CN2012085841W WO2014015612A1 WO 2014015612 A1 WO2014015612 A1 WO 2014015612A1 CN 2012085841 W CN2012085841 W CN 2012085841W WO 2014015612 A1 WO2014015612 A1 WO 2014015612A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
liquid crystal
unit
crystal module
transparent display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/085841
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
楼均辉
Original Assignee
上海天马微电子有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海天马微电子有限公司 filed Critical 上海天马微电子有限公司
Priority to EP12877087.2A priority Critical patent/EP2717250A4/en
Priority to US14/085,761 priority patent/US9285630B2/en
Publication of WO2014015612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015612A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/01—Function characteristic transmissive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/62—Switchable arrangements whereby the element being usually not switchable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
    • H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
    • H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/828—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers

Definitions

  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • OLED transparent displays in the prior art use OLEDs as their self-luminous display units because OLED transparent displays have higher transmittance and higher transmittance than liquid crystal display (LCD) transparent displays.
  • the 0LED transparent display can't block the background light.
  • the background light is strong, the display contrast is poor, and the black state cannot be effectively displayed, thus affecting the display contrast and user experience of the transparent display.
  • those skilled in the art are more concerned with the transparency of the 0 LED display, while ignoring the improvement of its display contrast.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a transparent display, which can improve the display contrast of a transparent display, and can satisfy the viewing requirements of the user's high-quality shield even in a strong light environment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transparent display, including a self-luminous display unit, and a first polarizing unit disposed on the visible side of the self-luminous display unit and used in conjunction with the self-luminous display unit.
  • a second polarizing unit used in combination with the first polarizing unit, the liquid crystal module and the second polarizing unit are disposed on a backlight side of the self-illuminating display unit, and the liquid crystal module For adjusting the display contrast of the self-luminous display unit.
  • the first polarizing unit includes a first linear polarizing unit
  • the second polarizing unit includes a second linear polarizing unit
  • the second linear polarizing unit is disposed on a rear surface of the liquid crystal module.
  • the first polarizing unit further includes a quarter-wavelength compensation film
  • the second polarizing unit further includes a three-quarter wavelength compensation film
  • the three-quarter wavelength compensation film is disposed on the self-luminous display Unit and the liquid crystal module For compensating for the optical delay generated by the quarter-wave compensation film.
  • the first polarizing unit and the second polarizing unit are horizontally placed; when the transparent display needs to display a white state or a transparent state, the liquid crystal module is not deflected by polarized light passing through the transparent display; When the black state is to be displayed, the liquid crystal module is in a state of being deflected by the polarized light passing therethrough.
  • the first polarizing unit is placed perpendicular to the second polarizing unit; when the transparent display needs to display a white state or a transparent state, the liquid crystal module is deflected by polarized light passing through the transparent display; When the black state is displayed, the liquid crystal module is such that the polarized light passing therethrough does not deflect.
  • the transparent display may further include a color filter unit, and the color filter unit is disposed between the three-quarter wavelength compensation film and the liquid crystal module.
  • the liquid crystal module comprises a twisted array liquid crystal display module, a super twisted array liquid crystal display module, and a thin film transistor type liquid crystal display module.
  • the self-luminous display unit includes an organic light emitting diode.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional transparent display
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transparent display in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transparent display in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a transparent display in a third embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. example. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other realities obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts The examples are all within the scope of protection of the present application.
  • the transparent display includes a first polarizing unit 1 and a self-illuminating display unit 2.
  • the first polarizing unit 1 is mainly used to prevent reflection of ambient light by the transparent display to improve the display contrast of the transparent display.
  • the display contrast of the liquid crystal display can be improved, but since the self-luminous display unit 2 is a transparent material, the background light can still pass through the self-illuminating display unit 2. Therefore, the display contrast of the transparent display shown in Fig. 1 is not significantly improved, and the display contrast after the improvement is still low.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transparent display in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the transparent display comprises a self-luminous display unit 2, a first polarizing unit 1 for use with the self-luminous display unit 2, and a liquid crystal module 4, and a second polarizing unit 3 for use with the first polarizing unit 1.
  • the liquid crystal module 4 is used to adjust the display contrast of the self-luminous display unit 2. That is to say, the liquid crystal module 4 is used as a light valve to selectively or unmask the background light according to the intensity of the ambient light, thereby realizing a better black state of the transparent display and providing a better viewing experience for the user.
  • the specific process is: the background light is converted into polarized light by the second polarizing unit 3, and the polarized light passes through the liquid crystal module 4, and the state of the liquid crystal module 4 determines whether the polarized light is deflected, thereby determining whether the polarized light passes the first polarized light.
  • Unit 1 the background light is converted into polarized light by the second polarizing unit 3, and the polarized light passes through the liquid crystal module 4, and the state of the liquid crystal module 4 determines whether the polarized light is deflected, thereby determining whether the polarized light passes the first polarized light.
  • the first polarizing unit 1 includes a first linear polarizing unit
  • the second polarizing unit 2 includes a second linear polarizing unit.
  • the second linear polarizing unit is disposed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal module 4.
  • the first polarizing unit includes a first linear polarizing unit 11 and a quarter-wavelength compensation film 12
  • the second polarizing unit includes a second linear polarizing unit 31 and four.
  • the three-wavelength compensation film 32 is divided.
  • the quarter-wavelength compensation film 12 is used to compensate the phase difference generated by the light passing through the first polarizing unit to restore the circularly polarized light.
  • the three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32 is disposed between the self-luminous display unit 2 and the liquid crystal module 4, and the three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32 is used together with the quarter-wave compensation film 12 for use. The light delay generated by the quarter-wavelength compensation film 12 is compensated.
  • first polarizing unit 1 and the second polarizing unit 3 are placed horizontally:
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 corresponding to the area or the pixel is in a non-light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 deflects the polarized light passing through the liquid crystal module 4 .
  • the background light becomes polarized light after passing through the second polarizing unit 3, and is deflected after passing through the liquid crystal module 4, so that the first polarizing unit 1 cannot pass.
  • This background light cannot pass through the transparent display, and even if the background light is bright, the area (or the pixel) of the transparent display exhibits a good black state.
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 corresponding to the area or pixel is in a light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 is such that the polarized light passing therethrough does not deflect.
  • the self-luminous display list corresponding to the area or pixel The element 2 is in a non-light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 is in a state in which the polarized light passing therethrough is not deflected.
  • the area or pixel does not illuminate, but the background light can pass through the transparent display.
  • the area or pixel is in a transparent state.
  • the first polarizing unit 1 is placed perpendicular to the second polarizing unit 3:
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 When the transparent display needs to display a black state, the self-luminous display unit 2 is in a non-light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 is such that the polarized light passing therethrough does not deflect;
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 When the transparent display needs to display a white state, the self-luminous display unit 2 is in a light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 deflects the polarized light passing therethrough;
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 When the transparent display needs to display a transparent state, the self-luminous display unit 2 is in a non-light-emitting state, and the liquid crystal module 4 is in a state of being deflected by the polarized light passing therethrough;
  • the self-luminous display unit 2 and the liquid crystal module 4 are in an open state in a transparent state, thereby being more energy-saving, and therefore, relatively and second.
  • the first embodiment is preferred.
  • the first polarizing unit 1 includes a quarter-wavelength compensation film 12, a first linear polarizing unit 11, and the second polarizing unit 3 includes a second linear polarizing unit 31 and a three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32.
  • the vertical or parallel arrangement of the first polarizing unit and the second polarizing unit described above means that the first linear polarizing unit 11 and the second linear polarizing unit 31 are disposed vertically or in parallel.
  • the state of the liquid crystal module 4 determines whether or not the polarized light is deflected, and then the three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32 becomes elliptically polarized light, and the elliptical polarization
  • the light passes through the self-luminous display unit 2, and then returns to linearly polarized light after passing through the quarter-wavelength compensation film 12, and may or may not pass through the first linear polarizing unit 11.
  • the liquid crystal module 4 includes a twisted array liquid crystal display module (TN-LC), a super twisted array liquid crystal display module (STN-LC), and a thin film transistor type liquid crystal display module. (TFT-LC).
  • TN-LC twisted array liquid crystal display module
  • STN-LC super twisted array liquid crystal display module
  • TFT-LC thin film transistor type liquid crystal display module
  • the self-luminous display unit includes an OLED.
  • the transparent display in the present application has a higher performance than the existing transparent self-luminous display. Display contrast, and higher brightness and better light transmittance than existing transparent liquid crystal displays.
  • the transmittance of the single circular polarizer is similar in the case of passing the polarized light.
  • the TFT (thin film transistor) region of the liquid crystal module is generally smaller than the TFT region of the self-luminous display OLED. By calibrating, the liquid crystal module can be placed in the non-transparent region of the self-luminous display OLED, thereby reducing The effect on the transmittance of self-illuminating displays.
  • the second polarizing unit composed of the second linear polarizing unit and the three-quarter wavelength compensation film corresponds to a circular polarizing unit.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of a transparent display in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • the transparent display includes a first linear polarizing unit 11, a quarter-wave compensation film 12, a self-luminous display unit 2, a second linear polarizing unit 31, a three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32, a liquid crystal module 4, and a color filter.
  • Light unit 5 In one embodiment, the color filter unit 5 is disposed between the liquid crystal module 4 and the three-quarter compensation film 32. Background lights of different colors are passed through the display by controlling the state of the liquid crystal module 4.
  • the components of the transparent display are, in order from the visible side, a first linear polarizing unit 11, a quarter compensation film 12, a self-luminous display unit 2, a three-quarter wavelength compensation film 32, and color.
  • the components of the transparent display in the embodiments of the present application are not necessarily arranged separately as shown in the drawing, so that the drawing is only for making the content of the present application more intuitive, and actually the components are closely fitted and arranged. Practical.
  • the problem that the display contrast of the conventional transparent display which is not found by those skilled in the art is not high is found, and the high transmittance of the existing transparent display can be preserved by combining the self-luminous display unit and the liquid crystal module.
  • the advantage of high brightness can overcome the defect that the existing transparent display cannot effectively display the black state, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, ie may be located One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without undue creative work.

Abstract

一种透明显示器，包括自发光显示单元（2）、第一偏光单元（1）、液晶模组（4）和与第一偏光单元（1）配合使用的第二偏光单元（3）。该第一偏光单元（1）设置在自发光显示单元（2）的可视侧并且与自发光显示单元（2）配合使用。液晶模组（4）与第二偏光单元（3）均设置于自发光显示单元（2）的背光侧，该液晶模组（4）用来调节自发光显示单元（2）的显示对比度。该透明显示器既保留了现有透明显示器高透光率和高亮度的优点，又克服了现有透明显示器无法有效显示黑态的缺陷，提高了用户体验。

Description

一种透明显示器 本申请要求在 2012年 7月 24日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210258402.0发明名称为
"一种透明显示器"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本申请涉及显示技术领域， 尤其涉及一种透明显示器。 背景技术 有机发光二极管 （ Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED ) 由于具备自发光、 不需要背 光源、 显示对比度高、 厚度薄、 视角广、 反应速度快、 可用于挠曲性面板等优点， 在下一 代的平面显示器应用领域中占据重要地位。
现有技术中的许多透明显示器中都釆用 OLED作为其自发光显示单元，这是因为与液 晶显示 （liquid crystal display, LCD )透明显示器相比， OLED透明显示器具有更高的透 光率和更好的显示亮度； LCD透明显示器的透光率仅为 15%, 而 OLED透明显示器的透 光率能够达到 40%。
0LED透明显示器不能阻挡背景光， 当背景光线较强时其显示对比度就比较差， 无法有 效地显示黑态， 从而影响透明显示器的显示对比度和用户体验。 但是， 本领域的技术人员 在做 0LED显示器的改进时更注重的是其透明度， 而忽视了对其显示对比度的改进。 发明内容 本申请所要解决的技术问题在于， 提供一种透明显示器， 可提高透明显示器的显示对 比度， 即使在较强的光线环境中也可满足用户高品盾的观看需求。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本申请的实施例提供了一种透明显示器， 包括自发光显示单 元，设置在所述自发光显示单元可视侧、与所述自发光显示单元配合使用的第一偏光单元， 液晶模组， 与所述第一偏光单元配合使用的第二偏光单元， 所述液晶模组及所述第二偏光 单元均设置于所述自发光显示单元的背光侧， 所述液晶模组用于调节所述自发光显示单元 的显示对比度。
其中， 所述第一偏光单元包括第一线性偏光单元、 第二偏光单元包括第二线性偏光单 元， 所述第二线性偏光单元设置在所述液晶模组的后表面上。
其中， 所述第一偏光单元还包括四分之一波长补偿膜， 所述第二偏光单元还包括四分 之三波长补偿膜； 所述四分之三波长补偿膜设置在所述自发光显示单元与所述液晶模组之 间， 用于补偿所述四分之一波长补偿膜产生的光延迟。
所述第一偏光单元与所述第二偏光单元水平放置； 所述透明显示器需显示白态或透明 态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转状态； 所述透明显示器需显示黑态 时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光发生偏转状态。
所述第一偏光单元与所述第二偏光单元垂直放置； 所述透明显示器需显示白态或透明 态时，所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光发生偏转状态；所述透明显示器需显示黑态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转状态。
所述透明显示器还可以包括彩色滤光单元， 所述彩色滤光单元设置在所述四分之三波 长补偿膜与所述液晶模组之间。
所述液晶模组包括扭转阵列型液晶显示模组、 超扭转阵列型液晶显示模组、 薄膜晶体 管型液晶显示模组。
所述自发光显示单元包括有机发光二极管。
本申请实施例具有如下优点或有益效果：
发现了本领域技术人员没有意识到的透明显示器的显示对比度不高的问题。
并通过釆用自发光显示单元与液晶模组相结合的方式， 既能够保留现有透明显示器高 透光率和高亮度的优点， 又能够克服现有透明显示器的显示对比度不高、 无法有效显示黑 态的缺陷， 提高了用户体验。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例或现有技 术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请 的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根 据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是现有的透明显示器的结构示意图；
图 2是本申请第一实施例中透明显示器的结构示意图；
图 3是本申请第二实施例中透明显示器的结构示意图；
图 4是本申请第三实施例中透明显示器的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图， 对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地 描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本 申请中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实 施例， 都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面参考附图对本申请的实施例进行描述。 参见图 1 , 其中所示为现有技术中透明显 示器的结构示意图。 其中透明显示器包括第一偏光单元 1、 自发光显示单元 2。 其中第一 偏光单元 1主要用于防止透明显示器对环境光的反射， 以提高透明显示器的显示对比度。
但即使增加了第一偏光单元 1能够提高液晶显示器的显示对比度， 但是由于自发光显 示单元 2为透明材料， 背景光仍然能够通过自发光显示单元 2。 因此， 图 1所示的透明显 示器的显示对比度的提高不明显， 提高之后的显示对比度仍然较低。
请参考图 2, 其中所示为本申请第一实施例中透明显示器的结构示意图。 其中， 透明 显示器包括自发光显示单元 2、 与自发光显示单元 2配合使用的第一偏光单元 1 , 以及液 晶模组 4 , 与第一偏光单元 1配合使用的第二偏光单元 3。 其中液晶模组 4用于调节所述 自发光显示单元 2的显示对比度。 也就是说， 液晶模组 4用作光阀， 以根据环境光线的强 弱选择展蔽或者不屏蔽背景光， 从而实现透明显示器显示较好的黑态， 为用户带来更好的 观看体验。 具体过程为， 背景光通过第二偏光单元 3变为偏振光， 该偏振光通过液晶模组 4, 由液晶模组 4 的状态决定该偏振光是否发生偏转， 从而决定偏振光是否通过第一偏光 单元 1。
在一种实施方式中， 第一偏光单元 1包括第一线性偏光单元， 第二偏光单元 2包括第 二线性偏光单元。 其中， 第二线性偏光单元设置在液晶模组 4的后表面上。
其中， 液晶模组 4与自发光显示单元 2相对的一面为正表面， 其另一面为后表面。 在一种较佳的实施方式中， 如图 3所示， 第一偏光单元包括第一线性偏光单元 11、 四 分之一波长补偿膜 12, 第二偏光单元包括第二线性偏光单元 31、 四分之三波长补偿膜 32。 其中， 四分之一波长补偿膜 12 用于补偿经过第一偏光单元的光线产生的相位差， 以还原 出圆偏振光。所述四分之三波长补偿膜 32设置在所述自发光显示单元 2与所述液晶模组 4 之间， 四分之三波长补偿膜 32与四分之一波长补偿膜 12配合使用， 用于补偿所述四分之 一波长补偿膜 12产生的光延迟。
在一种实施方式中， 第一偏光单元 1与第二偏光单元 3水平放置：
透明显示器某个区域或者像素需显示黑态时， 该区域或者像素对应的自发光显示单元 2为不发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过其中的偏振光发生偏转状态。 背景光通过第二偏光 单元 3后成为偏振光， 当通过液晶模组 4后发生偏转， 从而不能通过第一偏光单元 1。 这 样背景光不能通过透明显示器， 即使背景光比较亮， 透明显示器的该区域（或者该像素） 就呈现 4艮好的黑态。
透明显示器需某个区域或者像素显示白态时， 该区域或者像素对应的自发光显示单元 2为发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转状态。
透明显示器需某个区域或者像素显示透明态时， 该区域或者像素对应的自发光显示单 元 2为不发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转状态。 这样该区域或者 像素不发光， 但背景光能够通过透明显示器。 该区域或者像素就呈现透明态。
在另一种实施方式中， 第一偏光单元 1与第二偏光单元 3垂直放置：
透明显示器需显示黑态时， 自发光显示单元 2为不发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过其 中的偏振光不发生偏转状态；
透明显示器需显示白态时， 自发光显示单元 2为发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过其中 的偏振光发生偏转状态；
透明显示器需显示透明态时， 自发光显示单元 2为不发光状态， 液晶模组 4为使通过 其中的偏振光发生偏转状态；。
由于将第一偏光片 1与第二偏光片 3水平设置时， 在透明状态时自发光显示单元 2以 及液晶模组 4处于开启状态的较少， 能够更节省能耗， 因此， 相对与第二实施方式第一实 施方式较优。
请参考图 3 , 第一偏光单元 1包括四分之一波长补偿膜 12、 第一线性偏光单元 11 , 第 二偏光单元 3 包括第二线性偏光单元 31、 四分之三波长补偿膜 32。 上文中所述的第一偏 光单元与第二偏光单元垂直或平行设置指的是，第一线性偏光单元 11与第二线性偏光单元 31垂直或平行设置。 背景光通过第二线性偏光单元 31变为偏振光后， 由液晶模组 4的状 态决定该偏振光的是否发生偏转， 再经过四分之三波长补偿膜 32 变为椭圆偏振光， 该椭 圆偏振光通过自发光显示单元 2, 再通过四分之一波长补偿膜 12后恢复为线偏振光， 可以 (或者不可以)通过第一线性偏光单元 11。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，液晶模组 4包括扭转阵列型液晶显示模组（ TN-LC )、 超扭转阵列型液晶显示模组（STN-LC )、 薄膜晶体管型液晶显示模组（TFT-LC )。
自发光显示单元包括 OLED。
关于本申请公开的透明显示器与现有技术透明显示器的对比， 请参考下表:
Figure imgf000005_0001
由上表可以看出， 本申请中的透明显示器与现有的透明自发光显示器相比具有较高的 显示对比度， 而与现有的透明液晶显示器相比具有较高的亮度与较好的透光率。
需要说明的是， 添加的圆偏光单元以及液晶模组对显示器的透光率影响较小：
1、 两个圆偏光片组合后在使偏振光通过的情况下与单个圆偏光片的透光率相近似。
2、液晶模组的 TFT ( thin film transistor, 薄膜晶体管 )区域通常比自发光显示器 OLED 的 TFT区域小， 通过校准， 可以将液晶模组放置在自发光显示器 OLED的非透明区域， 从 而可以减小对自发光显示器透光率的影响。
本申请实施例中， 由第二线性偏光单元和四分之三波长补偿膜构成的第二偏光单元， 相当于圆偏光单元。
请参考图 4, 其中所示为本申请第三实施例中透明显示器的剖面结构示意图。 其中， 透明显示器包括第一线性偏光单元 11、 四分之一波长补偿膜 12、 自发光显示单元 2、 第二 线性偏光单元 31、 四分之三波长补偿膜 32、 液晶模组 4以及彩色滤光单元 5。 一种实施方 式中， 彩色滤光单元 5设置在液晶模组 4以及四分之三补偿膜 32之间。 通过控制液晶模 组 4的状态来使不同颜色的背景光通过显示器。
在一种实施方式中， 透明显示器的各组成部件从可视侧依次为第一线性偏光单元 11、 四分之一补偿膜 12、 自发光显示单元 2, 四分之三波长补偿膜 32、 彩色滤光单元 5、 液晶 模组 4、 第二线性偏光单元 31。
需要说明的是， 上述透明显示器中各组成部件的设置次序仅为一种示例性描述， 并不 构成对本申请的限制。
另外， 需要说明的是， 本申请各实施例中透明显示器的组成部件并不一定如附图所示 分离设置， 这样画图只是为了使本申请的内容更直观， 实际上各部件紧密贴合设置更具实 际意义。
本申请实施例具有如下优点或有益效果：
发现了本领域技术人员没有发现的现有透明显示器的显示对比度不高的问题， 并通过 釆用自发光显示单元与液晶模组相结合的方式， 既能够保留现有透明显示器高透光率和高 亮度的优点， 又能够克服现有透明显示器无法有效显示黑态的缺陷， 提高了用户体验。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的， 其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是 或者也可以不是物理上分开的， 作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元， 即 可以位于一个地方， 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。 可以根据实际的需要选择其中的 部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。 本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳 动的情况下， 即可以理解并实施。
显然， 本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实 施例的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其 等同技术的范围之内， 则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种透明显示器， 包括自发光显示单元， 设置在所述自发光显示单元可视侧、 与 所述自发光显示单元配合使用的第一偏光单元， 其特征在于， 还包括： 液晶模组， 与所述 第一偏光单元配合使用的第二偏光单元，
所述液晶模组及所述第二偏光单元均设置于所述自发光显示单元的背光侧， 所述液晶 模组用于调节所述自发光显示单元的显示对比度。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述第一偏光单元包括第一线性 偏光单元， 所述第二偏光单元包括第二线性偏光单元， 所述第二线性偏光单元设置在所述 液晶模组的后表面上。
3、 如权利要求 2 所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述第一偏光单元还包括四分之 一波长补偿膜， 所述第二偏光单元包括四分之三波长补偿膜；
所述四分之三波长补偿膜设置在所述自发光显示单元与所述液晶模组之间， 用于补偿 所述四分之一波长补偿膜产生的光延迟。
4、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述第一偏光单元与所述 第二偏光单元平行放置；
所述透明显示器需显示白态或透明态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光不发生 偏转状态； 所述透明显示器需显示黑态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光发生偏转 状态。
5、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述第一偏光单元与所述 第二偏光单元垂直放置；
所述透明显示器需显示白态或透明态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光发生偏 转状态； 所述透明显示器需显示黑态时， 所述液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转 状态。
6、 如权利要求 5 所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述透明显示器还包括彩色滤光 单元， 所述彩色滤光单元设置在所述四分之三波长补偿膜与所述液晶模组之间。
7、 如权利要求 6 所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述液晶模组包括扭转阵列型液 晶显示模组、 超扭转阵列型液晶显示模组、 薄膜晶体管型液晶显示模组。
8、 如权利要求 7 所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述自发光显示单元包括有机发 光二极管。
9、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的透明显示器， 其特征在于， 所述第一偏光单元与所述 第二偏光单元平行设置；
所述透明显示器的部分区域或者像素需要显示白态或透明态时， 所述部分区域或者像 素对应的液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光不发生偏转状态； 所述透明显示器的部分区域或 者像素需要显示黑态时， 所述部分区域或者像素对应的液晶模组为使通过其中的偏振光发 生偏转状态。
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EP2717250A1 (en) 2014-04-09
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US20140078451A1 (en) 2014-03-20
EP2717250A4 (en) 2014-07-23
CN103576357B (zh) 2016-12-21

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