WO2005024501A1 - Transparent display device - Google Patents

Transparent display device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005024501A1
WO2005024501A1 PCT/IB2004/051681 IB2004051681W WO2005024501A1 WO 2005024501 A1 WO2005024501 A1 WO 2005024501A1 IB 2004051681 W IB2004051681 W IB 2004051681W WO 2005024501 A1 WO2005024501 A1 WO 2005024501A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display device
display
controllable screen
screen
transparent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/051681
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralph Kurt
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2005024501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005024501A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133342—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods for double-sided displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/01—Function characteristic transmissive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
    • H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
    • H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a display device assembly comprising a display device of the transparent type.
  • Transparent displays often comprise emissive displays, which are displays that actively emit light when a suitable signal is supplied to the display.
  • emissive displays which are displays that actively emit light when a suitable signal is supplied to the display.
  • the active light emitting material is sandwiched between electrodes, to which a current or a voltage is supplied for exciting the emitting material.
  • Both the emitting material as well as the electrodes are almost transparent in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the transparency of the display device allows the transparent substrate, e.g. the glass window, to be used in its conventional way when the display is not in operation.
  • a display assembly in which the aforementioned display artifacts will not occur, while at the same time the transparency characteristics of the display device are maintained.
  • a display assembly is provided according to claim 1.
  • the display assembly By providing the display assembly with a controllable screen positioned at a rear side of the display the screen may be switched to a state in which it blocks or reduces background radiation.
  • the controllable screen is switched to the blocking state or the transmitting state. In this way the occurrence of any superposition of emitted light with background radiation is prevented.
  • no unwanted image artifacts will occur during operation of the display device, whereas simultaneously the substrate remains transparent when the display is not in use.
  • the invention is defined by the independent claim.
  • the dependent claims describe advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1A and IB show situations in which the display assembly according to the invention is applied on a glass window
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section of an embodiment of the display device assembly according to the invention.
  • the Figures are not drawn to scale.
  • like reference numerals generally refer to like parts.
  • Figs. 1A and B show the use of the display assembly according to the invention applied to a glass window as substrate.
  • Fig. 1A shows the use of the display during daytime. At that time background radiation (light) from outside might shine through the display in which case the visibility of a displayed image is hampered. This poor visibility is greatly improved when the controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state thereby blocking any background radiation.
  • the situation as shown in Fig. 1 A may be obtained if the display and the controllable screen cover the entire window area, but only part of the display is used for displaying an image and simultaneously the corresponding part of the controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state, whereas the remaining part of the screen is switched to the transmitting state.
  • Fig. 1A can be obtained if the display and the controllable screen have smaller dimensions than the dimensions of the glass window and the display is switched on and the full controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state.
  • Fig. IB it is shown that in the evening or night when it is dark and the display is not in operation, the controllable screen is switched into the transmissive state thereby bringing the glass window into its usual state of transparency.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of the display assembly according to the invention.
  • the display assembly 1 comprises a display device 5 of the transparent type. Examples of such transparent display devices are e.g.
  • the display device 5 comprises pixel elements 27, each pixel element having sub-pixel elements 25,25',25". Each sub-pixel may emit in a primary color, e.g. red (R), green (G) or blue (B), although more colors are also possible. It has to be noted, however, that the invention is not restricted to color displays; also single color displays or black & white displays are comprised in the invention.
  • the display device 5 is attached to or integrated with a transparent substrate 7, e.g. a glass window. Transparent plastic materials may also be used as substrate.
  • the display device assembly further comprises a controllable screen 3, which is also attached to or integrated with the transparent substrate 7. With respect to the point of view of the viewer 21 the controllable screen 3 is positioned behind the display device 5.
  • the controllable screen 3 may be attached to the substrate 7 on the same side as to which the display device 5 is attached.
  • the screen 3 may be attached to the substrate to a side which is opposite to the side to which the display device is attached. In such case manufacturing of the display assembly is easier. All that matters is that the controllable screen 3 is positioned at a rear side of the display device for reducing light coming from a rear side of the display device 5 in which case any superposition of background radiation is prevented.
  • the controllable screen 3 is switchable between two states. A first state that is substantially light blocking and a second state is substantially transmissive to the light 19 from the background or a light source 17, i.e. all background radiation is passed.
  • the blocking state may be realized by either absorbing light or reflecting light.
  • controllable screen 3 may comprise a Liquid Crystal Display, or a switchable mirror (preferably a metal hydride optical switch as described in e.g. US- 6,437,900) or arrays of bendable nano-elements.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the controllable screen 3 comprises blocking elements 13 that are individually addressable by applying a suitable signal to addressing lines 15.
  • Each blocking element 13 comprises a switching layer 11 that is sandwiched between two electrodes 9, 9'.
  • the number M of blocking elements 13 of the controllable screen 3 is smaller than or equal to the number N of pixel elements 27 of display device 5, hence M ⁇ N.
  • the switching screen may be switched in dependence of the presence of background radiation and in dependence of the use of the display device.
  • a light sensing means e.g. a light sensor may be applied to measure the amount of background radiation. If the level of background radiation or light is high then the controllable screen is switched to the blocking state. If the display device is not in operation the screen is switched to the transmissive state and any background radiation is allowed to pass the transparent substrate 7 as well as the transparent display device 5.
  • the invention relates to a display device assembly 1 comprising a display device 5 of the transparent type, and a controllable screen 3 for modulating the intensity of light incident on a rear side of the display device that is positioned at the rear side of the display device.
  • the assembly may comprise a transparent substrate 7 to which the display device is attached, said controllable screen may also be attached to the transparent substrate 7.
  • the controllable screen 3 is switchable between a substantially light blocking state and a substantially light transmitting state. If the controllable screen is in the blocking state no background radiation is shining through the transparent display device 5 and a displayed image can be viewed without artifacts.

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device assembly (1) comprising a display device (5) of the transparent type, and a controllable screen (3) for reducing light coming from a rear side of the display device that is positioned at the rear side of the display device. The assembly may comprise a transparent substrate (7) to which the display device is attached, said controllable screen may also be attached to the transparent substrate (7). In an advantageous embodiment the controllable screen (3) is switchable between a substantially light blocking state and a substantially light transmitting state. If the controllable screen is in the blocking state no background radiation is shining through the transparent display device (5) and a displayed image can be viewed without artifacts.

Description

Transparent display device
The invention relates to a display device assembly comprising a display device of the transparent type.
Nowadays there exist various display devices of the so-called transparent type.
Such displays have as characteristics that they are virtually transparent in view of the thickness and/or optical characteristics of the used materials. It is foreseen that in future this type of display will be integrated with transparent substrates e.g. glass windows. This will open up many new and interesting applications. Transparent displays often comprise emissive displays, which are displays that actively emit light when a suitable signal is supplied to the display. In this kind of displays the active light emitting material is sandwiched between electrodes, to which a current or a voltage is supplied for exciting the emitting material. Both the emitting material as well as the electrodes are almost transparent in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The transparency of the display device allows the transparent substrate, e.g. the glass window, to be used in its conventional way when the display is not in operation. However, when the display is in operation, while simultaneously light from a rear side of the display (i.e. the so-called background radiation) is shining through the display, this will lead to an unwanted superposition of the light emitted by the display with the background radiation. Undesired color, contrast, content, motion or perception artifacts in the displayed image will be the result.
It is an aim of the invention to provide a display assembly in which the aforementioned display artifacts will not occur, while at the same time the transparency characteristics of the display device are maintained. To this end a display assembly is provided according to claim 1. By providing the display assembly with a controllable screen positioned at a rear side of the display the screen may be switched to a state in which it blocks or reduces background radiation. Depending upon the presence of any background radiation and the operation of the display device the controllable screen is switched to the blocking state or the transmitting state. In this way the occurrence of any superposition of emitted light with background radiation is prevented. Hence no unwanted image artifacts will occur during operation of the display device, whereas simultaneously the substrate remains transparent when the display is not in use. The invention is defined by the independent claim. The dependent claims describe advantageous embodiments of the invention. These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter.
In the drawings: Figs. 1A and IB show situations in which the display assembly according to the invention is applied on a glass window, Fig. 2 is a cross-section of an embodiment of the display device assembly according to the invention. The Figures are not drawn to scale. In the Figures, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts.
Figs. 1A and B show the use of the display assembly according to the invention applied to a glass window as substrate. Fig. 1A shows the use of the display during daytime. At that time background radiation (light) from outside might shine through the display in which case the visibility of a displayed image is hampered. This poor visibility is greatly improved when the controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state thereby blocking any background radiation. The situation as shown in Fig. 1 A may be obtained if the display and the controllable screen cover the entire window area, but only part of the display is used for displaying an image and simultaneously the corresponding part of the controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state, whereas the remaining part of the screen is switched to the transmitting state. Likewise, the situation of Fig. 1A can be obtained if the display and the controllable screen have smaller dimensions than the dimensions of the glass window and the display is switched on and the full controllable screen is switched to the light blocking state. In Fig. IB it is shown that in the evening or night when it is dark and the display is not in operation, the controllable screen is switched into the transmissive state thereby bringing the glass window into its usual state of transparency. Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of the display assembly according to the invention. The display assembly 1 comprises a display device 5 of the transparent type. Examples of such transparent display devices are e.g. PolyLED (polymer light emitting display) or smOLED (small organic molecule light emitting display), LEEC (light emitting electrochemical cells) and foil-, or oil-based displays. Also nano-crystals such as nanotubes or nanowires are known to emit light upon excitation by means of electro- or photoluminescence, and displays based on such crystals are virtually transparent. The display device 5 comprises pixel elements 27, each pixel element having sub-pixel elements 25,25',25". Each sub-pixel may emit in a primary color, e.g. red (R), green (G) or blue (B), although more colors are also possible. It has to be noted, however, that the invention is not restricted to color displays; also single color displays or black & white displays are comprised in the invention. An image displayed on a front side of the display is watched by a viewer 21. The direction in which the sub-pixel elements emit is indicated by arrows R,G,B. The sub-pixels are individually addressable via address lines 23 by applying a suitable signal to the display device 5. The display device 5 is attached to or integrated with a transparent substrate 7, e.g. a glass window. Transparent plastic materials may also be used as substrate. The display device assembly further comprises a controllable screen 3, which is also attached to or integrated with the transparent substrate 7. With respect to the point of view of the viewer 21 the controllable screen 3 is positioned behind the display device 5. The controllable screen 3 may be attached to the substrate 7 on the same side as to which the display device 5 is attached. In this case potential light leakage problems due to parallax are avoided, in particular when the substrate 7 has a substantial thickness. Alternatively, the screen 3 may be attached to the substrate to a side which is opposite to the side to which the display device is attached. In such case manufacturing of the display assembly is easier. All that matters is that the controllable screen 3 is positioned at a rear side of the display device for reducing light coming from a rear side of the display device 5 in which case any superposition of background radiation is prevented. The controllable screen 3 is switchable between two states. A first state that is substantially light blocking and a second state is substantially transmissive to the light 19 from the background or a light source 17, i.e. all background radiation is passed. The blocking state may be realized by either absorbing light or reflecting light. It is to be noted that the optical properties of the side that is oriented towards the viewer of the controllable screen when this is in the light blocking state also are important. If this side is reflecting it will have the advantage that light from the display is reflected towards the viewer and a higher brightness is obtained. On the other hand if this side is absorbing then the contrast of the display is increased, in particular when the light level in the room is high. The controllable screen 3 may comprise a Liquid Crystal Display, or a switchable mirror (preferably a metal hydride optical switch as described in e.g. US- 6,437,900) or arrays of bendable nano-elements. An advantageous embodiment of the controllable screen 3 comprises blocking elements 13 that are individually addressable by applying a suitable signal to addressing lines 15. Each blocking element 13 comprises a switching layer 11 that is sandwiched between two electrodes 9, 9'. Preferably, the number M of blocking elements 13 of the controllable screen 3 is smaller than or equal to the number N of pixel elements 27 of display device 5, hence M < N. The smallest size of blocking elements corresponds with M = N in which case a one-to- one correspondence exists between the blocking elements and the pixel elements; i.e. each blocking element 13 is associated with one single pixel element 27. This situation is shown in Fig. 2. The controllable screen 3 may also comprise only one blocking element (M = 1) in which case the entire screen acts as a single blocking screen. The switching screen may be switched in dependence of the presence of background radiation and in dependence of the use of the display device. For example, if the display device 5 is operated then a light sensing means, e.g. a light sensor may be applied to measure the amount of background radiation. If the level of background radiation or light is high then the controllable screen is switched to the blocking state. If the display device is not in operation the screen is switched to the transmissive state and any background radiation is allowed to pass the transparent substrate 7 as well as the transparent display device 5. In summary, the invention relates to a display device assembly 1 comprising a display device 5 of the transparent type, and a controllable screen 3 for modulating the intensity of light incident on a rear side of the display device that is positioned at the rear side of the display device. The assembly may comprise a transparent substrate 7 to which the display device is attached, said controllable screen may also be attached to the transparent substrate 7. In an advantageous embodiment the controllable screen 3 is switchable between a substantially light blocking state and a substantially light transmitting state. If the controllable screen is in the blocking state no background radiation is shining through the transparent display device 5 and a displayed image can be viewed without artifacts. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A display device assembly (1) comprising a display device (5) of the transparent type, and a controllable screen (3) for modulating the intensity of light incident on a rear side of the display device (5), said controllable screen (3) being positioned at the rear side of the display device (5).
2. A display device assembly according to claim 1, wherein the assembly further comprises a transparent substrate (7) to which the display device (5) is attached or integrated with, and said controllable screen (3) being attached to or integrated with the transparent substrate (7).
3. A display device assembly according to claim 1, wherein the controllable screen (3) is switchable between a substantially light blocking state and a substantially light transmitting state.
4. A display device assembly according to claim 1, wherein the display device (5) comprises N pixel elements (27) and the controllable screen (3) comprises M blocking elements (13), where the N pixel elements and the M blocking elements are each individually addressable and where M < N.
5. A display device assembly according to claim 1, wherein the controllable screen (3) is switched in dependence of a level of the light coming from the rear side of the display.
6. A display assembly according to claim 2 in which the transparent substrate (7) is part of a glass window.
PCT/IB2004/051681 2003-09-11 2004-09-03 Transparent display device WO2005024501A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03103346 2003-09-11
EP03103346.7 2003-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
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