WO2014015601A1 - 传感器及其制造方法 - Google Patents

传感器及其制造方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014015601A1
WO2014015601A1 PCT/CN2012/085661 CN2012085661W WO2014015601A1 WO 2014015601 A1 WO2014015601 A1 WO 2014015601A1 CN 2012085661 W CN2012085661 W CN 2012085661W WO 2014015601 A1 WO2014015601 A1 WO 2014015601A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pattern
electrode
photodiode
type semiconductor
gate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/085661
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐少颖
谢振宇
陈旭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2014015601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015601A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80Constructional details of image sensors
    • H10F39/802Geometry or disposition of elements in pixels, e.g. address-lines or gate electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/011Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
    • H10F39/016Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of thin-film-based image sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/10Integrated devices
    • H10F39/12Image sensors
    • H10F39/18Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a sensor and a method of fabricating the same. Background technique
  • CT computed tomography
  • the sensor 12 includes a plurality of scan lines 15, a plurality of data lines 16, and a plurality of sensing units, each of which includes a photodiode 13 and a field effect transistor ( Field Effect Transistor (FET) 14, the gate of the field effect transistor 14 is connected to a corresponding scan line 15 in the sensor 12, the drain of the field effect transistor 14 and the corresponding data line in the sensor 12 (Data Line) 16
  • FET Field Effect Transistor
  • the photodiode 13 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor 14.
  • One end of these data lines 16 is connected to the data readout circuit 18 via a connection pin 17.
  • the above sensor operates on the principle that the sensor 12 applies a drive scan signal through the scan line 15 to control the switching state of the field effect transistor 14 of each sense unit.
  • the photocurrent signal generated by the photodiode 13 is sequentially output through the data line 16 connected to the field effect transistor 14 and the data readout circuit 18, by controlling the timing of the signal on the scan line 15 and the data line 16.
  • the collecting function of the photocurrent signal is realized, that is, the control effect of the photocurrent signal generation generated by the photodiode 13 is realized by controlling the switching state of the FET 14.
  • the senor usually adopts a thin film transistor (TFT) flat plate structure, and the sensor may have multiple layers in a cross section.
  • each sensing unit includes: a substrate, a gate layer, a gate insulating layer, Active layer, source and drain layers, passivation layer, PIN junction and transparent electrode window layer of PIN photosensor, and bias line layer and light barrier layer.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • each sensing unit includes: a substrate, a gate layer, a gate insulating layer, Active layer, source and drain layers, passivation layer, PIN junction and transparent electrode window layer of PIN photosensor, and bias line layer and light barrier layer.
  • the specific layers on the cross-section are not exactly the same due to the difference in specific structures.
  • Each layer of the sensor is typically formed by a patterning process, and each patterning process typically includes steps such as masking, exposure, development, etching, and stripping. That is, in order to achieve multiple sensors Layers require multiple patterning processes.
  • the above-mentioned sensor having a plurality of layers usually requires 9 to 11 patterning processes at the time of manufacture, so that 9 to 11 mask masks are required correspondingly, thereby making the manufacturing cost of the sensor high, and the manufacturing process is relatively high. Complex, and the production capacity is difficult to upgrade. Summary of the invention
  • a sensor comprising: a substrate, a set of gate lines and a set of data lines arranged in a cross, and an array defined by the set of gate lines and a set of data lines a plurality of sensing units arranged, each sensing unit comprising at least one sensing subunit composed of a thin film transistor device and a photodiode sensor device, wherein
  • the thin film transistor device includes: a source and a drain disposed above the substrate and oppositely forming a channel, the drain being connected to an adjacent data line, and being located above the source and the drain An ohmic layer, an active layer over the ohmic layer and covering the channel, a gate insulating layer over the active layer, and an overlying gate line and adjacent gate lines Connected gate
  • the photodiode sensing device includes: a receiving electrode disposed above the substrate and connected to the source, a photodiode over the receiving electrode, a transparent electrode above the photodiode, and the transparent A biasing electrode above the electrode.
  • a method of manufacturing a sensor includes: forming a pattern of a data line, a pattern of a drain connected to the data line, and a drain on a substrate by a first patterning process a pattern of a source forming a channel, a pattern of a receiving electrode connected to the source, and a pattern of an ohmic layer over the source and the drain;
  • a pattern of gate lines over the gate insulating layer, a pattern of gates connected to the gate lines, and a pattern of bias electrodes over the transparent electrodes are formed by a fifth patterning process.
  • the sensor having the structure can be fabricated with a fewer number of patterning processes, and the number of masks used is reduced compared with the prior art, and the number of masks is reduced. The manufacturing cost simplifies the production process and greatly increases the equipment production capacity and product yield.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional sensor
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of one of the sensing units of the sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a plurality of sensing units arranged in an array of sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit along the line A-A of FIG. 2 after the first patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit along line B-B of FIG. 2 after the first patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit along the line A-A of FIG. 2 after the second patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit along line B-B of FIG. 2 after the second patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 after the third patterning process;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention taken along the line B-B of FIG. 2 after the third patterning process;
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention taken along line A-A of Figure 2 after the fourth patterning process;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention taken along the line B-B of Figure 2 after the fourth patterning process;
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the sensing unit of the embodiment of the present invention along the AA of FIG. 2 after the fifth patterning process. Cross-sectional view of the line;
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit along line B-B of FIG. 2 after the fifth patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 after the sixth patterning process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit taken along line B-B of Figure 2 after the sixth patterning process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the senor may be an X-ray sensor or other type of sensor, such as a sensor that transmits by photoelectric conversion.
  • a sensor that transmits by photoelectric conversion may be formed identically.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a sensor and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the sensor includes: a substrate 32, a set of gate lines 30 and a set of data lines 31 arranged in a cross, and a set of gate lines 30 and a set of data lines a plurality of sensing units arranged in an array, each of which includes at least one sensing subunit composed of a thin film transistor device and a photodiode sensor device, wherein
  • the thin film transistor device includes a source 33 and a drain 34 which are disposed above the substrate 32 and are oppositely formed with a channel, the drain 34 is connected to the adjacent data line 31, and is located at the source 33 and the drain.
  • the photodiode sensor device includes: a receiving electrode 39 located above the substrate 32 and connected to the source 33, a photodiode 40 above the receiving electrode 39, a transparent electrode 41 above the photodiode 40, and a transparent electrode Bias electrode 42 above 41.
  • the substrate 32 may be a substrate of a glass substrate, a plastic substrate or other materials; the data line 31, the source 33, the drain 34 and the receiving electrode 39 may be made of the same material, for example A single layer film of aluminum-niobium alloy (AlNd), aluminum (A1), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), molybdenum-tungsten alloy (MoW) or chromium (Cr), or any combination of these metal elements or alloy materials A composite film composed.
  • the thickness of these single or composite films is, for example, between 150 nm and 450 nm.
  • the material of the ohmic layer 35 may be a doped semiconductor (n+a-Si), that is, an N-type semiconductor;
  • the material of the active layer 36 may be a semiconductor material, such as amorphous silicon (a- Si), the thickness is, for example, between 30 nm and 250 nm;
  • the material of the gate insulating layer 37 may be silicon nitride, and the thickness is, for example, between 300 nm and 500 nm;
  • the gate line 30, the gate 38, and the bias electrode 42 can The same material is used, preferably a heavy metal or a heavy metal alloy such as a copper-lead alloy;
  • the material of the transparent electrode 41 may be a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium oxide (IZO).
  • the photodiode may be a PIN type photodiode, comprising: an N-type semiconductor (n+a-Si) 40a located above the receiving electrode 39, and an I-type semiconductor located above the N-type semiconductor 40a. (a-Si) 40b and a P-type semiconductor (p+a-Si) 40c over the I-type semiconductor 40b.
  • the PIN type photodiode works by the photovoltaic principle and has the advantages of small junction capacitance, short transit time, and high sensitivity.
  • photodiodes may also utilize other types of photodiodes such as MIS type photodiodes.
  • the sensor may further include: located on a set of gate lines 30 , and a gate 38 and a bias electrode 42 of each sensing unit and Covering the passivation layer 43 of the substrate, the passivation layer 43 has a signal guiding area via hole (FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are cross-sectional structures of one sensing unit, so the signal guiding area via hole located at the periphery of the substrate is not shown in the figure Out).
  • the passivation layer 43 may be an inorganic insulating film (e.g., silicon nitride or the like) or an organic insulating film (e.g., a photosensitive resin material or a non-photosensitive resin material, etc.) having a thickness of, for example, 150 nm to 1500 nm.
  • an inorganic insulating film e.g., silicon nitride or the like
  • an organic insulating film e.g., a photosensitive resin material or a non-photosensitive resin material, etc.
  • the set of gate lines 30 includes two single gate lines 30a, and a plurality of sets of double gate lines 30b between the two single gate lines 30a (the adjacent two double gate lines 30b constitute one Group).
  • Each of the sensing units includes two sensing subunits, each of which includes a thin film transistor device 50 and a photodiode device 51.
  • the thin film transistor devices 50 of the two sensing sub-units are diagonally distributed, and the gate of the thin film transistor device 50 is connected to one of the adjacent single gate lines 30a or the adjacent double gate lines 30b.
  • both the gate line and the data line are arranged in a single line, and there is only one sensing unit in a region defined by two adjacent gate lines and two adjacent ones, and the sensing unit includes a thin film transistor
  • the device and a photodiode sensor device comprise only one sensing subunit. Therefore, compared with the conventional sensor, the arrangement of the double gate lines in the embodiment of the present invention doubles the total number of gate lines, but the number of data lines is reduced to half, and the cost of the gate line driving equipment is lower than the data. The cost of the line drive device, therefore, the use of this structure can further reduce the cost of the sensor.
  • the thin film transistor device uses a top gate type structure
  • the sensor having the structure can be fabricated by using a six-time patterning process, and the mask is reduced compared with the prior art.
  • the use of quantity reduces manufacturing costs, simplifies the production process, and greatly increases the equipment capacity and product yield.
  • a method of manufacturing the above sensor comprising:
  • Step 101 forming a pattern of the data line 31 on the substrate 32 by one patterning process, a pattern of the drain 34 connected to the data line 31, a pattern of the source 33 formed to face the drain 34, and a source A pattern of 33 connected receiving electrodes 39, and a pattern of ohmic layers 35 over source 33 and drain 34.
  • a pattern of the data line 31 on the substrate 32 by one patterning process, a pattern of the drain 34 connected to the data line 31, a pattern of the source 33 formed to face the drain 34, and a source A pattern of 33 connected receiving electrodes 39, and a pattern of ohmic layers 35 over source 33 and drain 34.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the base substrate after the first patterning process.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are respectively a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the sensing unit obtained after the final six processes. Therefore, the substrate of Figs. 3 and 4 is only A-A, line and B-B shown in Fig. 2, and the direction of the line is cut away, which does not represent a sectional view of the substrate of Fig. 2. Similarly, Figures 6 through 13 are also shown in the same manner.
  • the one-time patterning process includes steps of substrate cleaning, film formation, photoresist coating, exposure, development, etching, photoresist removal, and the like.
  • Substrate cleaning includes cleaning with deionized water, organic cleaning solution, and the like.
  • the film forming process is used to form a structural layer to be patterned. For example, for a metal layer, a film is formed by physical vapor deposition (for example, magnetron sputtering), and a pattern is formed by wet etching.
  • a non-metal layer a film is formed by chemical vapor deposition, and dried. Etching forms a pattern.
  • the composition process in the following steps is the same as this, and will not be described again.
  • the data line 31, the source 33, the drain 34, and the receiving electrode 39 may be patterned using a single patterning process using the same material.
  • Step 102 forming a pattern of the photodiode 40 over the receiving electrode 39 and a pattern of the transparent electrode 41 over the photodiode 40 by one patterning process.
  • Step 102 forming a pattern of the photodiode 40 over the receiving electrode 39 and a pattern of the transparent electrode 41 over the photodiode 40 by one patterning process.
  • the step 102 includes: sequentially depositing an N-type semiconductor layer, an I-type semiconductor layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, and a transparent electrode layer, and then forming a photodiode by one patterning process.
  • the pattern of 40 and the pattern of the transparent electrode 41 are sequentially depositing an N-type semiconductor layer, an I-type semiconductor layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, and a transparent electrode layer, and then forming a photodiode by one patterning process. The pattern of 40 and the pattern of the transparent electrode 41.
  • photodiode 40 is a PIN type photodiode, ohmic layer 35 (n+a-Si) of thin film transistor device 50, and N type of PIN type photodiode.
  • the material of the semiconductor 40a is the same.
  • step 101 the pattern of the N-type semiconductor 40a located above the receiving electrode 39 may be first formed in step 101; Then, step 102 is performed: the I-type semiconductor layer, the P-type semiconductor layer, and the transparent electrode layer are sequentially deposited, and the pattern of the photodiode 40 and the pattern of the transparent electrode 41 are formed by one patterning process.
  • the pattern of the transparent electrode 41 may be formed by, for example, wet etching alone, or may be formed by dry etching simultaneously with the I-type semiconductor 40b and the P-type semiconductor 40c.
  • Step 103 forming a pattern of the active layer 36 over the ohmic layer 35 and covering the trench by a patterning process. Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 for the cross-sectional structure after the third patterning process;
  • Step 104 forming a pattern of the gate insulating layer 37 over the active layer 36 by one patterning process.
  • a portion of the gate insulating layer 37 over the transparent electrode 41 needs to be etched away so that the bias electrode formed in step 105 is formed. 42 is directly connected to the transparent electrode 41;
  • Step 105 forming a pattern of the gate line 30 over the gate insulating layer 37, a pattern of the gate electrode 38 connected to the gate line 30, and a pattern of the bias electrode 42 over the transparent electrode 41 by one patterning process,
  • the gate line 30, the gate electrode 38 and the bias electrode 42 can be patterned using a single patterning process using the same material. Refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 for the cross-sectional structure after the fifth patterning process.
  • step 105 the method further includes:
  • Step 106 forming a pattern of the passivation layer 43 over the gate line 30, the gate 38 and the bias electrode 42 and covering the substrate by one patterning process, the passivation layer 43 having a signal guiding area around the substrate Hole (not shown).
  • the passivation layer 43 having a signal guiding area around the substrate Hole (not shown).
  • step 106 is optional because the purpose of the present invention can be achieved without performing step 105.
  • the method for fabricating a sensor may include only steps 101-105 described above.
  • the manufacturing method of the sensor of the invention can be produced by using a total of six patterning processes. Compared with the prior art, the number of masks used is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the production process is simplified, and the equipment capacity and products are greatly improved. Yield rate.

Landscapes

  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)

Description

传感器及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种传感器及其制造方法。 背景技术
由于保健的需要, 各种无损伤医疗检测方法逐渐受到人们的青睐。 在诸 多的无损伤检测方法中, 计算机断层扫描技术( CT ) 已经得到广泛的应用。 在计算机断层扫描设备中必不可缺的一个部分就是传感器。
一种传感器的基本结构如图 1所示, 该传感器 12包括多条扫描线 15、 多条数据线 16以及多个感测单元, 每个感测单元包括一个光电二极管 13和 一个场效应晶体管 (Field Effect Transistor, FET) 14, 场效应晶体管 14的栅极 与传感器 12中相应的扫描线 (Scan Line) 15连接, 场效应晶体管 14的漏极与 传感器 12中相应的数据线 (Data Line) 16连接, 光电二极管 13与场效应晶体 管 14的源极连接。这些数据线 16的一端通过连接引脚 17连接数据读出电路 18。
上述传感器的工作原理为: 传感器 12通过扫描线 15施加驱动扫描信号 来控制每个感测单元的场效应晶体管 14的开关状态。 当场效应晶体管 14被 打开时, 光电二极管 13产生的光电流信号依次通过与场效应晶体管 14连接 的数据线 16、 数据读出电路 18而输出, 通过控制扫描线 15与数据线 16上 的信号时序来实现光电流信号的釆集功能,即通过控制场效应管 14的开关状 态来实现对光电二极管 13产生的光电流信号釆集的控制作用。
目前, 传感器通常釆用薄膜晶体管( Thin Film Transistor, TFT )平板结 构, 这种传感器在断面上可具有多层, 例如, 每个感测单元内包括: 基板、 栅极层、 栅极绝缘层、 有源层、 源极与漏极层、 钝化层、 PIN光电传感器的 PIN结和透明电极窗口层, 以及偏压线层和挡光条层等。 当然, 不同传感器 由于具体结构的差异, 在断面上的具体图层也不完全相同。
传感器的各个图层一般通过构图工艺形成, 而每一次构图工艺通常包括 掩模、 曝光、 显影、 刻蚀和剥离等步骤。 也就是说, 为了实现传感器的多个 图层, 需要釆用多次构图工艺。 例如, 上述具有多层的传感器在制造时通常 需要釆用 9至 11次构图工艺, 这样就对应的需要 9至 11张光罩掩模板, 由 此, 使传感器的制造成本较高, 制造工艺较为复杂, 且产能较难提升。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种传感器及其制造方法, 用以解决现有技术中存 在的传感器的制造成本较高, 且制造工艺较为复杂, 产能较难提升的技术问 题。 根据本发明的第一方面, 提供一种传感器, 包括: 基板、 呈交叉排列的 一组栅线和一组数据线, 以及由所述一组栅线和一组数据线所限定的呈阵列 状排布的多个感测单元, 每个感测单元包括至少一个由薄膜晶体管器件和光 电二极管传感器件组成的感测子单元, 其中,
所述薄膜晶体管器件包括: 位于所述基板之上并相对而置形成沟道的源 极和漏极, 所述漏极与相邻的数据线连接, 以及位于所述源极和漏极之上的 欧姆层、 位于所述欧姆层之上并覆盖沟道的有源层、 位于所述有源层之上的 栅极绝缘层和位于所述栅极绝缘层之上并与相邻的栅线连接的栅极;
所述光电二极管传感器件包括: 位于所述基板之上并与源极连接的接收 电极、 位于所述接收电极之上的光电二极管、 位于所述光电二极管之上的透 明电极, 以及位于所述透明电极之上的偏压电极。
根据本发明的第二方面, 提供一种传感器的制造方法, 包括: 在基板上通过第一次构图工艺形成数据线的图形、 与所述数据线连接的 漏极的图形、 与所述漏极相对而置形成沟道的源极的图形、 与所述源极连接 的接收电极的图形, 以及位于所述源极和漏极之上的欧姆层的图形;
通过第二次构图工艺形成位于所述接收电极之上的光电二极管的图形, 以及位于所述光电二极管之上的透明电极的图形;
通过第三构图工艺形成位于所述欧姆层之上并覆盖所述沟道的有源层的 图形;
通过第四次构图工艺形成位于所述有源层之上的栅极绝缘层的图形; 以 及
通过第五次构图工艺形成位于所述栅极绝缘层之上的栅线的图形、 与所 述栅线连接的栅极的图形和位于所述透明电极之上的偏压电极的图形。 在本发明的实施例中, 由于薄膜晶体管器件釆用顶栅型结构, 具有该结 构的传感器可釆用较少次数的构图工艺制作, 对比于现有技术, 减少了掩模 板的使用数量, 降低了制造成本, 简化了生产工艺, 大大提升了设备产能及 产品的良品率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例的附图作 简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例, 而非对本发明的限制。
图 1为现有传感器的立体结构示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例的传感器的其中一个感测单元的俯视图;
图 3 为本发明实施例的传感器的呈阵列状排布的多个感测单元的俯视 图;
图 4为本发明实施例的感测单元在第一次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线 的截面视图;
图 5为本发明实施例的感测单元在第一次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B, 线 的截面视图;
图 6为本发明实施例的感测单元在第二次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线 的截面视图;
图 7为本发明实施例的感测单元在第二次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B, 线 的截面视图;
图 8为本发明实施例的感测单元在第三次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线 的截面视图;
图 9为本发明实施例的感测单元在第三次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B, 线 的截面视图;
图 10为本发明实施例的感测单元在第四次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线的截面视图;
图 11为本发明实施例的感测单元在第四次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B,线 的截面视图;
图 12为本发明实施例的感测单元在第五次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线的截面视图;
图 13为本发明实施例的感测单元在第五次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B,线 的截面视图;
图 14为本发明实施例的感测单元在第六次构图工艺后沿图 2的 A-A, 线的截面视图; 和
图 15为本发明实施例的感测单元在第六次构图工艺后沿图 2的 B-B,线 的截面视图。
附图标记:
12-传感器 13-光电二极管 14-场效应晶体管
15-扫描线 16-数据线 17-连接引脚
18-数据读出电路 30-栅线 31-数据线
32-基板 33-源极 34-漏极
35-欧姆层 36-有源层 37-栅极绝缘层
38-栅极 39-接收电极 40-光电二极管
41-透明电极 42-偏压电极 40a-N型半导体
40b-I型半导体 40c-P型半导体 43-钝化层
30a-单栅线 30b-双栅线 50-薄膜晶体管器件
51-光电二极管器件 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合本发 明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于所描 述的本发明的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另作定义, 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的术语 "连接" 并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接, 而是可 以包括电性的连接, 不管是直接的还是间接的。 "上" 、 "下" 、 "左" 、 "右" 等仅用于表示相对位置关系, 当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后, 则该 相对位置关系也相应地改变。
在本发明以下实施例中, 传感器可以是 X射线传感器, 也可以是其他类 型的传感器, 例如通过光电转换进行传输的传感器。 在下面的描述和图示中 针对单个感测单元进行 , 其他感测单元可以同样地形成。
针对解决现有技术中存在的传感器的制造成本较高, 且制造工艺较为复 杂的技术问题, 本发明的实施例提供了一种传感器及其制造方法。
图 2示出了根据本发明一个实施例的传感器的其中一个感测单元的俯视 图。 图 14和图 15是图 2的感测单元沿 A-A, 线和 B-B, 线的截面图。 如图 2、 图 14和图 15所示, 该传感器, 包括: 基板 32、 呈交叉排列的一组栅线 30和一组数据线 31 ,以及由所述一组栅线 30和一组数据线 31所限定的呈阵 列状排布的多个感测单元, 每个感测单元包括至少一个由薄膜晶体管器件和 光电二极管传感器件组成的感测子单元, 其中,
所述薄膜晶体管器件包括:位于基板 32之上并相对而置形成沟道的源极 33和漏极 34, 所述漏极 34与相邻的数据线 31连接, 以及位于源极 33和漏 极 34之上的欧姆层 35、位于欧姆层 35之上并覆盖沟道的有源层 36、位于有 源层 36之上的栅极绝缘层 37和位于栅极绝缘层 37之上并与相邻的栅线 30 连接的栅极 38;
所述光电二极管传感器件包括: 位于基板 32之上并与源极 33连接的接 收电极 39、位于接收电极 39之上的光电二极管 40、位于光电二极管 40之上 的透明电极 41 , 以及位于透明电极 41之上的偏压电极 42。
本发明的实施例中,所述基板 32可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板或其他材料 的基板; 所述数据线 31、 源极 33、 漏极 34和接收电极 39可以釆用相同的材 质, 例如为铝钕合金 ( AlNd ) 、 铝(A1 ) 、 铜(Cu ) 、 钼(Mo ) 、 钼钨合 金(MoW )或铬(Cr )的单层膜, 也可以为这些金属单质或合金材料任意组 合所构成的复合膜。 这些单层或复合膜的厚度例如在 150纳米至 450纳米之 间。
本发明的实施例中, 欧姆层 35的材质可以为掺杂质半导体(n+a-Si ) , 也就是 N型半导体;有源层 36的材质可以为半导体材料,例如非晶硅( a-Si ), 厚度例如在 30纳米至 250纳米之间; 栅极绝缘层 37的材质可以为氮化硅, 厚度例如在 300纳米至 500纳米之间; 栅线 30、栅极 38和偏压电极 42可以 釆用相同的材质, 优选为重金属或重金属合金, 例如铜铅合金; 透明电极 41 的材质可以为诸如氧化铟锡(ITO )或氧化铟辞(IZO )等的透明导电材料。
本发明的实施例中, 所述光电二极管可以为 PIN型光电二极管, 包括: 位于接收电极 39之上的 N型半导体( n+a-Si ) 40a, 位于 N型半导体 40a之 上的 I型半导体( a-Si )40b ,以及位于 I型半导体 40b之上的 P型半导体( p+a-Si ) 40c。 PIN型光电二极管利用光生伏特原理工作,具有结电容小、渡越时间短、 灵敏度高等优点。 其结构相当于在 PN结中间插入较厚的本征非晶硅层, 其 中 P型材料由本征材料掺入提供空穴的杂质形成, N型材料由本征材料掺入 提供电子的杂质形成。 在本发明的其它实施例中, 光电二极管还可以釆用诸 如 MIS型光电二极管的其他类型光电二极管。
继续参照图 12和图 13所示,在一个实施例中, 所述传感器,还可包括: 位于一组栅线 30,及每个感测单元的栅极 38和偏压电极 42之上并覆盖基板 的钝化层 43 , 所述钝化层 43具有信号引导区过孔(图 14和图 15为一个感 测单元的截面结构, 因此位于基板周边的信号引导区过孔未在图中示出) 。 钝化层 43可以釆用无机绝缘膜 (例如氮化硅等)或有机绝缘膜 (例如感光树 脂材料或者非感光树脂材料等) , 厚度例如在 150纳米至 1500纳米之间。
图 3示出了根据本发明实施例的传感器的多个感测单元的俯视图。 如图 3所示, 所述一组栅线 30包括两根单栅线 30a, 以及位于两根单栅线 30a之 间的多组双栅线 30b (相邻的两根双栅线 30b构成一组) 。 所述每个感测单 元包括两个感测子单元,每个感测子单元包括一个薄膜晶体管器件 50和一个 光电二极管器件 51。 两个感测子单元的薄膜晶体管器件 50呈对角分布, 且 薄膜晶体管器件 50的栅极与相邻的单栅线 30a或者相邻的双栅线 30b中距离 较近的一根连接。 在传统的传感器中, 栅线与数据线均为单线排布, 在由相 邻两条栅线和相邻两条所限定的区域内仅有一个感测单元, 该感测单元包含 一个薄膜晶体管器件和一个光电二极管传感器件,即只包含一个感测子单元。 因此, 对比于传统的传感器, 本发明实施例中的双栅线的排布方式使得栅线 总数量增加一倍, 但数据线数量却降低至一半, 而栅线驱动设备的成本要低 于数据线驱动设备的成本, 因此, 釆用该结构可进一步降低传感器的成本。
在本发明的实施例中, 由于薄膜晶体管器件釆用顶栅型结构, 具有该结 构的传感器可共釆用六次构图工艺制作, 对比于现有技术, 减少了掩模板的 使用数量, 降低了制造成本, 简化了生产工艺, 大大提升了设备产能及产品 的良品率。
根据本发明的另一个实施例, 制造上述传感器的方法, 包括:
步骤 101、 在基板 32上通过一次构图工艺形成数据线 31的图形、 与数 据线 31连接的漏极 34的图形、 与漏极 34相对而置形成沟道的源极 33的图 形、 与源极 33连接的接收电极 39的图形, 以及位于源极 33和漏极 34之上 的欧姆层 35的图形。 第一次构图工艺后的截面结构请参照图 4和图 5所示。
图 4和图 5为衬底基板在第一次构图工艺后的截面图。 图 2和图 14、 图 15分别是最终经过六次工艺后得到的感测单元的俯视图和剖面图。 因此, 图 3和图 4中的衬底基板只是按图 2示出的 A-A, 线及 B-B, 线的方向被切开, 其并不代表图 2的衬底基板的剖面图。 同样, 图 6至图 13也是按相同方式示 出。
一次构图工艺依次包括基板清洗、 成膜、 光刻胶涂覆、 曝光、 显影、 刻 蚀、 光刻胶去除等步骤。 基板清洗包括使用去离子水、 有机清洗液进行清洗 等。 成膜工艺用于形成将被构图的结构层。 例如, 对于金属层通常釆用物理 气相沉积方式(例如磁控溅射法)成膜, 并通过湿法刻蚀形成图形; 而对于 非金属层通常釆用化学气相沉积方式成膜, 并通过干法刻蚀形成图形。 以下 步骤中的构图工艺与此相同, 不再赘述。
在一个实施例中, 所述数据线 31、 源极 33、 漏极 34和接收电极 39可以 釆用相同的材质, 经一次构图工艺实现图形化。
步骤 102、通过一次构图工艺形成位于接收电极 39之上的光电二极管 40 的图形, 以及位于光电二极管 40之上的透明电极 41的图形。 第二次构图工 艺后的截面结构请参照图 6和图 7所示。
在一个实施例中, 当光电二极管 40为 PIN型光电二极管时, 步骤 102 包括: 依次沉积 N型半导体层、 I型半导体层、 P型半导体层和透明电极层, 然后通过一次构图工艺形成光电二极管 40的图形和透明电极 41的图形。
在另一个实施例中, 例如在图 2所示的实施例中, 光电二极管 40为 PIN 型光电二极管, 薄膜晶体管器件 50的欧姆层 35 ( n+a-Si )和 PIN型光电二 极管的 N型半导体 40a的材质相同, 当制造该实施例所示结构的传感器时, 位于接收电极 39之上的 N型半导体 40a的图形可首先在步骤 101中形成; 然后执行步骤 102: 依次沉积 I型半导体层、 P型半导体层和透明电极层, 并 通过一次构图工艺形成光电二极管 40的图形和透明电极 41的图形。 在该次 构图工艺中, 透明电极 41图形例如可以单独釆用湿法刻蚀形成, 也可以与 I 型半导体 40b和 P型半导体 40c同时釆用干法刻蚀形成。
步骤 103、通过一次构图工艺形成位于欧姆层 35之上并覆盖沟道的有源 层 36的图形。 第三次构图工艺后的截面结构请参照图 8和图 9所示;
步骤 104、 通过一次构图工艺形成位于有源层 36之上的栅极绝缘层 37 的图形。 第四次构图工艺后的截面结构请参照图 10和图 11所示, 栅极绝缘 层 37在透明电极 41之上的部分区域需要被刻蚀掉, 以使步骤 105所形成的 偏压电极 42直接与透明电极 41接触连接;
步骤 105、 通过一次构图工艺形成位于栅极绝缘层 37之上的栅线 30的 图形、 与栅线 30连接的栅极 38的图形和位于透明电极 41之上的偏压电极 42的图形,在该步骤中, 所述栅线 30、栅极 38和偏压电极 42可以釆用相同 的材质, 经一次构图工艺实现图形化。 第五次构图工艺后的截面结构请参照 图 12和图 13所示。
此外, 在步骤 105之后, 还可进一步包括:
步骤 106、 通过一次构图工艺形成位于栅线 30、 栅极 38和偏压电极 42 之上并覆盖基板的钝化层 43的图形, 所述钝化层 43在基板周边的信号引导 区具有过孔(图中未示出)。 第六次构图工艺后的截面结构请参照图 14和图 15所示。
该步骤 106为可选的, 因为在不执行步骤 105的情况下, 同样可以实现 本发明的目的。 因此, 在一个实施例中, 用于制造传感器的方法可仅包括上 述步骤 101~105。
可见, 本发明传感器的制造方法可共釆用六次构图工艺制作, 对比于现 有技术, 减少了掩模板的使用数量, 降低了制造成本, 简化了生产工艺, 大 大提升了设备产能及产品的良品率。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式, 而非用于限制本发明的保护范 围, 本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种传感器, 包括: 基板、 呈交叉排列的一组栅线和一组数据线, 以 及由所述一组栅线和一组数据线所限定的呈阵列状排布的多个感测单元, 每 个感测单元包括至少一个由薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器件组成的感 测子单元, 其中,
所述薄膜晶体管器件包括: 位于所述基板之上并相对而置形成沟道的源 极和漏极, 所述漏极与相邻的数据线连接, 以及位于所述源极和漏极之上的 欧姆层、 位于所述欧姆层之上并覆盖沟道的有源层、 位于所述有源层之上的 栅极绝缘层和位于所述栅极绝缘层之上并与相邻的栅线连接的栅极;
所述光电二极管传感器件包括: 位于所述基板之上并与源极连接的接收 电极、 位于所述接收电极之上的光电二极管、 位于所述光电二极管之上的透 明电极, 以及位于所述透明电极之上的偏压电极。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的传感器, 其中, 所述一组栅线包括两根单栅线, 以及位于两根单栅线之间的多组双栅线,
所述每个感测单元包括两个感测子单元, 两个感测子单元的薄膜晶体管 器件呈对角分布, 且薄膜晶体管器件的栅极与相邻的单栅线或者相邻的双栅 线中距离较近的一根连接。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的传感器, 其中, 所述光电二极管为 PIN型 光电二极管, 包括: 位于接收电极之上的 N型半导体,位于 N型半导体之上 的 I型半导体, 以及位于 I型半导体之上的 P型半导体。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的传感器, 其中, 所述数据线、 源极、 漏极和接收 电极的材质相同; 所述欧姆层和 N型半导体的材质相同; 所述栅线、 栅极和 偏压电极的材质相同。
5、 如权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的传感器, 还包括: 位于一组栅线, 及 每个感测单元的栅极和偏压电极之上并覆盖基板的钝化层, 所述钝化层具有 信号引导区过孔。
6、 一种传感器的制造方法, 包括:
在基板上通过第一次构图工艺形成数据线的图形、 与所述数据线连接的 漏极的图形、 与所述漏极相对而置形成沟道的源极的图形、 与所述源极连接 的接收电极的图形, 以及位于所述源极和漏极之上的欧姆层的图形; 通过第二次构图工艺形成位于所述接收电极之上的光电二极管的图形, 以及位于所述光电二极管之上的透明电极的图形;
通过第三构图工艺形成位于所述欧姆层之上并覆盖所述沟道的有源层的 图形;
通过第四次构图工艺形成位于所述有源层之上的栅极绝缘层的图形; 以 及
通过第五次构图工艺形成位于所述栅极绝缘层之上的栅线的图形、 与所 述栅线连接的栅极的图形和位于所述透明电极之上的偏压电极的图形。
7、如权利要求 6所述的制造方法,在形成栅线的图形、栅极的图形和偏 压电极的图形之后, 进一步包括:
通过第六次构图工艺形成位于栅线、 栅极和偏压电极之上并覆盖基板的 钝化层的图形, 所述钝化层具有信号引导区过孔。
8、 如权利要求 6或 7所述的制造方法, 其中, 所述光电二极管为 PIN 型光电二极管, 包括 N型半导体、 I型半导体和 P型半导体, 则所述通过第 二次构图工艺形成位于接收电极之上的光电二极管的图形, 以及位于光电二 极管之上的透明电极的图形, 包括:
依次沉积 N型半导体层、 I型半导体层、 P型半导体层和透明电极层, 然后通过一次构图工艺形成光电二极管的图形和透明电极的图形。
9、如权利要求 6或 7所述的制造方法, 其中, 所述光电二极管为包括 N 型半导体、 I型半导体和 P型半导体的 PIN型光电二极管, 且所述欧姆层和 N型半导体的材质相同,
在基板上通过一次构图工艺形成数据线的图形、 与数据线连接的漏极的 图形、 与漏极相对而置形成沟道的源极的图形、 与源极连接的接收电极的图 形, 以及位于源极和漏极之上的欧姆层的图形的同时, 形成位于接收电极之 上的 N型半导体的图形;
所述通过一次构图工艺形成位于接收电极之上的光电二极管的图形, 以 及位于光电二极管之上的透明电极的图形。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的制造方法, 其中, 所述通过一次构图工艺形成 位于接收电极之上的光电二极管的图形, 以及位于光电二极管之上的透明电 极的图形, 包括: 依次沉积 I型半导体层、 P型半导体层和透明电极层, 然 后通过一次构图工艺形成光电二极管的图形和透明电极的图形。
11、 如权利要求 6-10中任一项所述的制造方法, 其中, 所述数据线、 源 极、 漏极和接收电极的材质相同; 所述栅线、 栅极和偏压电极的材质相同。
PCT/CN2012/085661 2012-07-26 2012-11-30 传感器及其制造方法 Ceased WO2014015601A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210262961.0 2012-07-26
CN201210262961.0A CN102790066B (zh) 2012-07-26 2012-07-26 一种传感器及其制造方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014015601A1 true WO2014015601A1 (zh) 2014-01-30

Family

ID=47155427

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2012/085661 Ceased WO2014015601A1 (zh) 2012-07-26 2012-11-30 传感器及其制造方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN102790066B (zh)
WO (1) WO2014015601A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102790066B (zh) * 2012-07-26 2016-12-21 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种传感器及其制造方法
CN102790064B (zh) 2012-07-26 2015-04-08 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种传感器及其制造方法
CN103560135B (zh) * 2013-11-14 2015-12-02 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种x射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030201396A1 (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-30 Lee Ji Ung Imaging array and methods for fabricating same
CN101216649A (zh) * 2008-01-10 2008-07-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 液晶显示装置阵列基板及驱动方法
CN101567378A (zh) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-28 爱普生映像元器件有限公司 固体拍摄装置及其制造方法
JP2010245078A (ja) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-28 Epson Imaging Devices Corp 光電変換装置、エックス線撮像装置
CN202305447U (zh) * 2011-09-27 2012-07-04 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 数字x射线影像检查装置
CN102544024A (zh) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-04 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种tft探测基板及其制作方法、x射线探测器
CN102790066A (zh) * 2012-07-26 2012-11-21 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种传感器及其制造方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030201396A1 (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-30 Lee Ji Ung Imaging array and methods for fabricating same
CN101216649A (zh) * 2008-01-10 2008-07-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 液晶显示装置阵列基板及驱动方法
CN101567378A (zh) * 2008-04-23 2009-10-28 爱普生映像元器件有限公司 固体拍摄装置及其制造方法
JP2010245078A (ja) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-28 Epson Imaging Devices Corp 光電変換装置、エックス線撮像装置
CN102544024A (zh) * 2010-12-29 2012-07-04 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种tft探测基板及其制作方法、x射线探测器
CN202305447U (zh) * 2011-09-27 2012-07-04 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 数字x射线影像检查装置
CN102790066A (zh) * 2012-07-26 2012-11-21 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种传感器及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102790066A (zh) 2012-11-21
CN102790066B (zh) 2016-12-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2014015607A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015598A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015593A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015589A1 (zh) 传感器的制造方法
WO2014015592A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015604A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015603A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015581A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
CN102790066B (zh) 一种传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015588A1 (zh) 传感器及其制造方法
WO2014015582A1 (zh) 传感器的制造方法
EP2879180B1 (en) Method for manufacturing sensor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12881612

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 12881612

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1