WO2014007262A1 - Dispositif et procédé de production d'eau douce - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de production d'eau douce Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014007262A1
WO2014007262A1 PCT/JP2013/068173 JP2013068173W WO2014007262A1 WO 2014007262 A1 WO2014007262 A1 WO 2014007262A1 JP 2013068173 W JP2013068173 W JP 2013068173W WO 2014007262 A1 WO2014007262 A1 WO 2014007262A1
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Prior art keywords
water
unit
semipermeable membrane
fresh water
fresh
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PCT/JP2013/068173
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
谷口　雅英
一憲 富岡
寛生 高畠
智宏 前田
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東レ株式会社
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Priority to JP2014523753A priority Critical patent/JPWO2014007262A1/ja
Publication of WO2014007262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014007262A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/08—Specific process operations in the concentrate stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/14—Pressure control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
    • B01D2311/2649—Filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/03—Pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fresh water production apparatus using a semipermeable membrane unit for treating seawater, river water, ground water, wastewater treated water to obtain fresh water. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fresh water production apparatus capable of purifying concentrated water using the energy of concentrated water in a semipermeable membrane, and to obtain concentrated water that is easy to be released into the environment and easy to reuse. The present invention relates to a fresh water production apparatus capable of Moreover, it is related with the freshwater manufacturing method using the said freshwater manufacturing apparatus.
  • Membrane separation technology can be broadly divided into microfiltration membranes with submicrometer order pores, smaller ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes capable of nano-order separation, and reverse osmosis membranes capable of sub-nanoorder separation. Is done.
  • nanofiltration membranes with small pores and reverse osmosis membranes are called semipermeable membranes, and are classified as membranes that allow water to permeate but not solutes, and obtain fresh water suitable for drinking water.
  • the water to be treated of the semipermeable membrane is supplied after it has been turbidized by the pretreatment, but the pretreatment often cannot sufficiently remove the organic polymer or the high molecular weight polysaccharide, and the reverse osmosis membrane or the nanofiltration membrane. Will be supplied. Therefore, there are many cases where microorganisms propagate in the semipermeable membrane, and in order to prevent this, there is a method of adding a disinfectant to the water to be treated intermittently or continuously while operating as in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2. It is taken.
  • the object of the present invention is to use concentrated energy of reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration membranes operated at low pressure to purify concentrated water and to make effective use of it.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fresh water producing apparatus capable of discharging.
  • a fresh water producing apparatus that pressurizes and feeds first treated water to the first semipermeable membrane unit A and separates it into concentrated water and fresh water that is permeated water by the semipermeable membrane.
  • the flow rate adjusting unit and the filtration unit are disposed in the concentrated water line for taking out the concentrated water from the semipermeable membrane unit A, and the pressure of the concentrated water is applied to at least one selected from the upstream side of the filtration unit and the filtration unit itself.
  • a fresh water production apparatus provided with a protection unit that controls the pressure below the upper limit pressure of the filtration unit.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus includes at least one selected from sand filtration, microfiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, cartridge filter, activated carbon filter, and adsorbent filter.
  • the protection unit includes a concentrated water discharge line and a pressure release valve provided in the concentrated water discharge line and opened at a set pressure or higher.
  • the first treated water is wastewater treated water.
  • a pretreatment unit for treating the first treated water is disposed on the upstream side of the first semipermeable membrane unit A, and the treated water of the filtration unit is placed in the cleaning line of the pretreatment unit.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), further including a pretreatment water supply line to be supplied.
  • the on-off valve is provided in the pretreatment water supply line, and the flow control valve is provided on the line for taking out the treated water from the filtration unit and downstream of the branch with the pretreatment water supply line.
  • Fresh water production apparatus (7)
  • the operating pressure of the first semipermeable membrane unit A is not less than 80 psi and not more than 300 psi, the ratio of permeate flow rate / first treated water flow rate is 0.7 or more, and the operation pressure of the filtration unit is The fresh water producing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the apparatus is 40 psi or less.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), further including a mechanism for applying a back pressure to the permeate side of the first semipermeable membrane unit A.
  • a mixing unit that mixes the water filtered by the filtration unit with the first treated water and a second treated water having at least one of water quality and water temperature, and obtained from the mixing unit.
  • the method further comprises a second semipermeable membrane unit B that performs a semipermeable membrane separation process on the mixed water, and obtains fresh water comprising the permeated water of the second semipermeable membrane unit B (1)
  • the fresh water producing apparatus according to any one of (8) to (8).
  • a third semipermeable membrane unit C for treating the first treated water is disposed on the upstream side of the first semipermeable membrane unit A, and is transmitted through the third semipermeable membrane unit C. After the pressure is released once and stored in the intermediate permeate tank, the pressure is increased and sent to the first semipermeable membrane unit A, and the treated water of the filtration unit is upstream of the third semipermeable membrane unit C.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the fresh water is refluxed to the side.
  • the filter medium of (5), (6), (9), wherein the filter medium of the filtration unit is made of the same material as at least one of the filter medium of the pretreatment unit and the membrane material of the second semipermeable membrane unit B The fresh water manufacturing apparatus in any one.
  • the on / off valve is fully closed, the flow rate adjusting valve is opened, and when the pretreatment unit is washed with treated water of the filtration unit, the on / off valve is fully opened, and then the flow rate is set.
  • a method for producing fresh water in which one or two of the following relational expressions [1] to [3] are satisfied when the silica concentration of water is CsB, the calcium concentration is CcB, and the magnesium concentration is CmB. [1] CsA> CsB [2] CcA> CcB [3] CmA> CmB
  • the filtration unit is directly connected to the semipermeable membrane unit, particularly the concentrated water line of the reverse osmosis membrane or nanofiltration membrane operated at low pressure, the pressure remaining in the concentrated water It is possible to purify the concentrated water by effectively using energy, to effectively use the concentrated water, or to discharge the concentrated water with less environmental impact.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram showing an example of another embodiment of the fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram showing an example of still another embodiment of the fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart showing an example of still another embodiment of the fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram showing an example of still another embodiment of the fresh water producing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 An example of an embodiment of the fresh water production apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 after the first treated water 1 (raw water) is stored in the treated water tank 2, it is supplied to the pretreatment unit 4 by the intake pump 3, and pretreatment such as turbidity removal is performed. Then, after being temporarily stored in the intermediate tank 5, it is supplied and processed to the first semipermeable membrane unit A by the booster pump 6. In the semipermeable membrane unit A, the introduced pretreatment water is separated into a permeable component (permeated water) and a non-permeable component (concentrated water) of the semipermeable membrane, and the permeable water is stored in the permeated water tank 9 as fresh water.
  • the concentrated water is taken out from the semipermeable membrane unit A to the concentrated water line 11, supplied to the filtration unit 10 through the concentrated water flow rate adjustment valve 8, and filtered.
  • the treated water filtered by the filtration unit 10 is effectively used as will be described later, or discharged through the concentrated water discharge valve 14.
  • the flow rate (permeated water amount) of the permeated water taken out from the semipermeable membrane unit A varies according to the pressure of the pretreatment water.
  • the amount of permeated water is determined by adjusting the output of the pre-treatment water boost pump 6 and adjusting the ratio of the amount of concentrated water and the amount of permeated water by a concentrated water flow rate adjusting unit comprising the concentrated water flow rate adjusting valve 8. I can do it.
  • the permeated water is used as fresh water after appropriately adjusting pH, Langeria index, bactericidal agent concentration, mineral concentration and the like as necessary.
  • the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention has a protection unit for protecting the filtration unit 10 from the high pressure.
  • the protection unit is not particularly limited, and if the filtration unit 10 has a mechanism that does not exceed the set pressure, it is normally closed by a rupture disc that opens above the set pressure, or a spring, but the spring pressure is applied. Even a mechanical mechanism that opens in the event of a failure, a valve that is opened by a pressure sensor, a mechanism that closes the valve 8 according to the indicated value of the pressure sensor, or suppresses the output of the booster pump 6 Good.
  • valve 17 and the concentrated water discharge line 19 that are opened above the set upper limit pressure of the filtration unit 10 are arranged on the upstream side of the filtration unit 10, and the valve that the filtration unit 10 itself opens above the set upper limit pressure. 18 and at least one selected from having the concentrated water discharge line 20 is required.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which both of these protection units are provided, the object of the present invention can be achieved by providing any one of them.
  • a mechanical on / off valve may be arranged.
  • one of the concentrated water is added to the filtration unit 10 while maintaining the upper limit pressure. It is preferable to adopt a method of supplying the parts.
  • valves 17 and 18 are preferably pressure control valves. By controlling with the set upper limit pressure with this pressure control valve, when the pressure is lower than the upper limit pressure, the valve 17 and valve 18 are fully closed, and all the concentrated water is processed by the filtration unit 10 and becomes higher than the set upper limit pressure.
  • the set upper limit pressure is maintained by slightly opening the valve 17 or the valve 18 by automatic pressure control, and the concentrated water can be processed by the filtration unit 10 as much as possible instead of draining the entire amount of concentrated water.
  • the water intake pump 3 and the booster pump 6 can be appropriately selected according to the required capacity, and the treated water tank 2 and the intermediate tank 5 are not indispensable components and are appropriately omitted according to the design ( That is, it is also possible to directly connect the upstream and downstream pipes.
  • Various filtering materials such as biological filters, pre-coated filters, flotation separation and sedimentation separation can be used.
  • a filtration method a method using a separation membrane, a pressurizing method using a separation membrane to pressurize water to be treated (illustrated in FIG.
  • the filtration unit 10 is a filtration unit that can be directly filtered using the pressure of the concentrated water taken out from the semipermeable membrane unit A. For this reason, as a filtration method of the filtration unit 10, it is necessary to employ pressure filtration, and it is preferable that the entire amount is filtered. Any filter material can be used as long as it can be applied to the pressurization method. Cartridge filter, disk filter, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, sand filtration, biological carrier filtration, nanofilter, precoat filter, activated carbon filter, ion exchange An adsorbent filter or the like represented by the resin can be used.
  • Examples of substances to be removed by the filtration unit 10 include turbid substances and soluble substances, and in particular, microorganisms, metabolites, and by-products thereof.
  • turbid substances and soluble substances and in particular, microorganisms, metabolites, and by-products thereof.
  • microorganisms, metabolites, and by-products thereof When the concentrated water is filtered and released to the outside of the system, or when it is reused, it easily becomes a problem if microorganisms, metabolites, by-products, etc. are contained. It is preferable to reduce the organic substance concentration.
  • the organic substance concentration or the microbial concentration contained in the concentrated water of the semipermeable membrane unit A is the supply water to the semipermeable membrane unit A (first treated water, pretreated water, or third described later).
  • the organic substance concentration or microbial concentration of the treated water of the filtration unit 10 is larger than the organic substance concentration or microbial concentration of the filtration unit 10 [permeated water of the semipermeable membrane unit C].
  • (the feed water flow rate of the semipermeable membrane unit A / the concentrated water flow rate of the semipermeable membrane unit A) represents the concentration ratio in the semipermeable membrane unit A.
  • the organic substance concentration or microbial concentration of the treated water of the filtration unit is smaller than the organic substance concentration or microbial concentration of the feed water of the semipermeable membrane unit A.
  • the organic substance concentration is TOC (total organic carbon content), AOC (assimilable organic carbon), DOC (soluble organic carbon), BOD ( Biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), etc. are common.
  • Bacterial accounts, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), chlorophyll, etc. can be applied for the microbial concentration.
  • a measurement method usually used in the technical field of water treatment can be applied.
  • the TOC is preferably 5 mg / l or more, and more preferably 10 mg / l or more.
  • the regulation value released into the environment is exceeded, so that a greater effect can be obtained by applying the fresh water producing apparatus of the present invention.
  • the treated water of the filtration unit 10 may be discharged out of the system as it is.
  • the pretreatment water supply line 15 branched from the concentrated water line 11 is connected to the outlet of the pretreatment unit 4, so that the treated water of the filtration unit 10 flows back to the pretreatment unit 4.
  • Effective use for cleaning is also a preferred embodiment.
  • the pretreatment unit 4 can be washed by closing the pretreatment water valve 12 and opening the pretreatment washing valve 13.
  • the components contained in the concentrated water such as microorganisms concentrated in the semipermeable membrane unit A or contaminated / propagated in the semipermeable membrane unit A, were removed by the filtration unit 10 and thus obtained.
  • the filtered water is preferably applied to the washing water of the pretreatment unit 4.
  • the pretreatment water supply line 15 can be directly connected if the treated water of the filtration unit 10 can be temporarily stored in the treated water tank and then supplied by a pump. In the case of direct connection, it is necessary to give a residual pressure to the treated water side of the filtration unit, and the pressure supplied as washing water to the pretreated unit through the pretreated water supply line 15 by adjusting the opening of the concentrated water discharge valve 14. It is possible to control the flow rate. However, more preferably, when the pretreatment water supply line 15 is branched from the concentrated water line 11 communicating with the filtration unit 10 and directly connected to the outlet of the pretreatment unit 4, the filtered water pressure of the filtration unit 10 is used and no power is generated.
  • the pretreatment cleaning valve 13 is an on / off valve
  • the concentrated water discharge valve 14 is a flow control valve in the concentrated water line 11
  • the on / off valve (pretreatment cleaning valve 13) is fully closed and the flow control is adjusted during normal operation.
  • the valve concentrated water discharge valve 14
  • the on-off valve pretreatment washing valve 13
  • the wastewater used for cleaning the pretreatment unit 4 is discharged out of the system from the pretreatment wastewater line 16.
  • a disinfectant may be added previously.
  • the addition position of the disinfectant is not particularly limited, such as the upstream side of the semipermeable membrane unit A, the upstream side of the filtration unit 10, the downstream side of the filtration unit 10.
  • the semipermeable membrane unit A, the filtration unit 10 and the pretreatment unit 4 are preferable because they can be sterilized at a time.
  • An intermediate boost pump can also be incorporated.
  • a back pressure valve 30 on the permeate side of the semipermeable membrane unit A as a mechanism for applying a back pressure, that is, a pressure to the permeate side
  • a required operating pressure of the semipermeable membrane unit A is provided.
  • the required operating pressure can be reduced by applying the back pressure by applying the back pressure valve 30 on the permeate side (applying pressure to the permeate side).
  • the pressure on the treated water side that is, the pressure of the concentrated water can be kept high, and the pressure required for the reflux for the filtration unit 10 and the pretreatment washing can be increased, so that an intermediate booster pump is unnecessary.
  • waste water and its treated water particularly waste water containing a large amount of organic matter as described above and its treated water are suitable for the present invention, and particularly, waste water is organic waste water mainly composed of organic matter, more specifically, When wastewater with a BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of 100 mg / L or more is treated with biological treatment, biological treatment is unstable or removal of suspended solids is insufficient Therefore, it is particularly effective to apply the present invention.
  • BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
  • the semipermeable membrane unit used in the semipermeable membrane unit A applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited, but in order to facilitate handling, a hollow fiber membrane-like or flat membrane-like semipermeable membrane is housed in a casing and fluid It is preferable to use a separation vessel (element) loaded in a pressure vessel.
  • the fluid separation element is formed of a flat membrane-like semipermeable membrane, for example, the semipermeable membrane is wound in a cylindrical shape together with a channel material (net) around a cylindrical central pipe having a large number of holes. What was rotated is common and as a commercial product, the reverse osmosis membrane element TM700 series and TM800 series by Toray Industries, Inc. can be mentioned.
  • One of these fluid separation elements can constitute a semipermeable membrane unit, and a plurality of fluid separation elements can be connected in series or in parallel to constitute a semipermeable membrane unit.
  • the present invention is very effective when applied to a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane or a nanofiltration membrane having low cost performance when equipped with an energy recovery unit for concentrated water as described above.
  • the upper limit pressure of the semipermeable membrane unit A is preferably 450 psi or less
  • the upper limit pressure of the filtration unit 10 is preferably 100 psi or less.
  • the operating pressure of the semipermeable membrane unit A is not less than 80 psi and not more than 300 psi, the recovery rate (permeated water flow rate / treated water flow rate ratio) in the semipermeable membrane unit A is 0.7 or more, and the filtration unit 10
  • the operating pressure is preferably 40 psi or less. Also, in the case of a pressure exceeding this or a recovery rate lower than this, depending on the cost reduction of the energy recovery unit and the unit price of power, it may become reasonable to equip the energy recovery unit. A detailed comparison is required as to whether the freshwater production equipment or the energy recovery unit is adopted.
  • polymer materials such as cellulose acetate polymer, polyamide, polyester, polyimide, and vinyl polymer can be used as the material of the semipermeable membrane.
  • the membrane structure also includes an asymmetric membrane having a fine layer having micropores on at least one side of the membrane, and having fine pores with gradually increasing pore diameters from the dense layer toward the inside of the membrane or the other side, and the denseness of the asymmetric membrane. Either a composite membrane having a very thin functional layer formed of another material on the layer may be used.
  • the water to be treated is concentrated. Therefore, the water to be treated (feed water) of each semipermeable membrane unit is used to prevent scale precipitation due to concentration or to adjust pH. It is possible to add scale inhibitors and acids / alkalis. In addition, it is preferable to make the position which adds a scale inhibitor upstream from the position which adds a pH adjuster (acid, alkali) so that the addition effect can be exhibited. It is also preferable to prevent an abrupt concentration or pH change in the vicinity of the addition port by providing an in-line mixer immediately after the chemical addition, or by directly contacting the addition port with the flow of the supply water.
  • the scale inhibitor is a substance that forms a complex with a metal, a metal ion, or the like in a solution and solubilizes the metal or metal salt, and an organic or inorganic ionic polymer or monomer can be used.
  • organic polymers synthetic polymers such as polyacrylic acid, sulfonated polystyrene, polyacrylamide, and polyallylamine, and natural polymers such as carboxymethylcellulose, chitosan, and alginic acid can be used, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can be used as a monomer.
  • polyphosphate etc. can be used as an inorganic type scale inhibitor.
  • polyphosphate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are particularly preferably used from the viewpoints of availability, ease of operation such as solubility, and cost.
  • the polyphosphate refers to a polymerized inorganic phosphate material having two or more phosphorus atoms in a molecule typified by sodium hexametaphosphate and bonded with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and a phosphate atom.
  • Typical polyphosphates include tetrasodium pyrophosphate, disodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium heptapolyphosphate, sodium decapolyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and potassium salts thereof. Etc.
  • sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide are generally used as the acid and alkali, but hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium hydroxide, and the like can also be used.
  • hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium hydroxide, and the like can also be used.
  • acids and alkalis containing calcium or magnesium in order to prevent an increase in scale components.
  • the treated water of the filtration unit is used as the second treatment water. It is also preferable for application of the present invention that a mixing unit for mixing with the water to be treated is provided and the resulting mixed water is desalinated. Such an embodiment is illustrated in FIG.
  • the second treated water 21 is pretreated by the pretreatment unit 24 through the treated water tank 22 and the water intake pump 23 as necessary, and then mixed with the treated water of the filtration unit 10.
  • the mixed water tank 25 which is one aspect, after pressurizing with the pressure
  • the permeated water obtained from the second semipermeable membrane unit B is stored in the permeated water tank 29.
  • the concentrated water discharged from the semipermeable membrane unit B is discharged through the concentrated water flow rate adjustment valve 28.
  • the filter medium it is preferable to use the same material as the filter medium of the second semipermeable membrane unit B or the filter medium of the pretreatment unit 4. That is, for example, if the second semipermeable membrane unit B is a polyamide semipermeable membrane, if the filtration unit 10 also uses a polyamide filter, it may be adsorbed to the second semipermeable membrane unit B and cause performance degradation. This is preferable because it is possible to remove a material having a property.
  • the second treated water 21 is preferably water that is different from the first treated water 1 in water quality and water temperature. That is, if two types of water to be treated with different water quality and / or water temperature can be mixed at an arbitrary ratio, fluctuations in water quality can be suppressed, and the second semipermeable membrane unit B can be operated stably. I can do it. Furthermore, when the scale component necessary for determining the upper limit of the recovery rate of the semipermeable membrane unit B can be diluted, it is particularly preferable because the recovery rate can be increased and the risk of scale deposition can be reduced.
  • the semipermeable membrane unit has a component composition in which silica, calcium, and magnesium that normally cause scale deposition are mixed so that the risk of scale deposition after mixing is reduced.
  • the silica concentration of the treated water of the filtration unit 10 is CsA
  • the calcium concentration is CcA
  • the magnesium concentration is CmA
  • the silica concentration of the second treated water 21 is CsB
  • the calcium concentration is CcB
  • the magnesium concentration is CmB.
  • the magnesium concentration is CmB.
  • the first treated water 1 has a relatively high silica concentration, which is often found in river water, groundwater, wastewater treated water, etc., and the second treated water 21 is rich in calcium and magnesium. If the seawater contained in is used, the mixed water with which the density
  • FIG. 5 a desalination system in which the third semipermeable membrane unit C is arranged on the upstream side of the first semipermeable membrane unit A is exemplified. Is done.
  • the concentrated water of the semipermeable membrane unit A can be returned to the intermediate tank 5 after being purified by the filtration unit 10, which is one of the very preferred embodiments.
  • the first treated water 1 is stored in the treated water tank 2, it is supplied to the pretreatment unit 4 by the intake pump 3 and subjected to pretreatment, and then temporarily stored in the intermediate tank 5.
  • the concentrated water of the semipermeable membrane unit C is discharged through the concentrated water flow rate adjustment valve 38.
  • the permeated water of the semipermeable membrane unit C is once stored in the intermediate permeated water tank 39 and then supplied to the semipermeable membrane unit A by the booster pump 6 to perform the second stage process.
  • the permeated water of the semipermeable membrane unit A is stored in the permeated water tank 9.
  • the concentrated water of the semipermeable membrane unit A is taken out to the concentrated water line 11, supplied to the filtration unit 10 through the concentrated water flow rate adjusting valve 8, filtered, and then returned to the intermediate tank 5 to be semipermeable. Further processing in membrane unit C.
  • the semipermeable membrane unit A and the filtration unit 10 are each constituted by one unit, but it is also preferred that each is constituted by a plurality of units.
  • the filtration unit 10 is directly connected to the semipermeable membrane unit A, since the cleaning timing is not always the same when directly connected one-to-one, at least a plurality of filtration units 10 arranged in parallel are arranged.
  • the semipermeable membrane unit A is also composed of a plurality of series arranged in parallel.
  • the filtration unit is made of a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, the washing is generally carried out every several tens of minutes to every few hours, so multiple series of filtration units arranged in parallel one by one sequentially. Automatic cleaning is preferred.
  • the present invention relates to a fresh water production apparatus using a semipermeable membrane unit for treating seawater, river water, groundwater, wastewater treated water to obtain fresh water, and more specifically, utilizing the energy of concentrated water of the semipermeable membrane. It is related to fresh water production equipment that can purify concentrated water, and it is easy to recycle into the environment without consuming energy by filtering using concentrated water pressure. Can be obtained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de production d'eau douce destiné à acheminer une première eau à traiter (1) mise sous pression jusqu'à une unité de membrane semi-perméable (A), et à obtenir une eau douce par séparation à l'aide d'une membrane semi-perméable en une eau concentrée et en une eau douce constituant une eau de perméation. Le dispositif de l'invention est caractéristique en ce qu'une unité d'ajustement de débit (8) et une unité de filtrage (10) sont disposées dans une conduite d'eau concentrée (11) qui extrait l'eau concentrée de l'unité de membrane semi-perméable (A), et en ce qu'il est équipé d'unités de protection (17, 19 ou 18, 20) qui commandent la pression de l'eau concentrée à un niveau égale ou inférieur à une pression limite supérieure relative à l'unité de filtrage de manière sélective en amont de l'unité de filtrage (10) et/ou dans l'unité de filtrage (10) elle-même.
PCT/JP2013/068173 2012-07-02 2013-07-02 Dispositif et procédé de production d'eau douce WO2014007262A1 (fr)

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JP2016030243A (ja) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 排水処理方法及び排水処理装置
WO2017168721A1 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 三菱重工業株式会社 Procédé de nettoyage de couche de filtration, appareil de filtration à membrane biologique et installation de dessalement
JP2020151623A (ja) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 栗田工業株式会社 水処理システム
JP7044848B1 (ja) 2020-10-14 2022-03-30 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 液処理装置、純水製造システム及び液処理方法

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JPS56111006A (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-09-02 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Method for utilization of back pressure in membrane separating process
JP2001164455A (ja) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-19 Toray Ind Inc 繊維の染色仕上げ処理装置
JP2005279614A (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Ngk Insulators Ltd 浄水装置
WO2010061879A1 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-03 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション Procédé pour la production d'eau fraîche, appareil pour la production d'eau fraîche, procédé pour le dessalement d'eau de mer en eau fraîche, et appareil pour le dessalement d'eau de mer en eau fraîche
WO2011010500A1 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 東レ株式会社 Système de production d'eau
WO2011077815A1 (fr) * 2009-12-25 2011-06-30 東レ株式会社 Système de production d'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement

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JPS56111006A (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-09-02 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Method for utilization of back pressure in membrane separating process
JP2001164455A (ja) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-19 Toray Ind Inc 繊維の染色仕上げ処理装置
JP2005279614A (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Ngk Insulators Ltd 浄水装置
WO2010061879A1 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-03 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション Procédé pour la production d'eau fraîche, appareil pour la production d'eau fraîche, procédé pour le dessalement d'eau de mer en eau fraîche, et appareil pour le dessalement d'eau de mer en eau fraîche
WO2011010500A1 (fr) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 東レ株式会社 Système de production d'eau
WO2011077815A1 (fr) * 2009-12-25 2011-06-30 東レ株式会社 Système de production d'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016030243A (ja) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 排水処理方法及び排水処理装置
WO2017168721A1 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 三菱重工業株式会社 Procédé de nettoyage de couche de filtration, appareil de filtration à membrane biologique et installation de dessalement
JP2020151623A (ja) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 栗田工業株式会社 水処理システム
JP7120095B2 (ja) 2019-03-18 2022-08-17 栗田工業株式会社 水処理システム
JP7044848B1 (ja) 2020-10-14 2022-03-30 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 液処理装置、純水製造システム及び液処理方法
WO2022080035A1 (fr) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-21 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 Appareil de traitement de fluide, système de production d'eau purifiée, et procédé de traitement de fluide
JP2022064721A (ja) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-26 野村マイクロ・サイエンス株式会社 液処理装置、純水製造システム及び液処理方法

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