WO2014005274A1 - 多取代的8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛烷化合物 - Google Patents

多取代的8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛烷化合物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005274A1
WO2014005274A1 PCT/CN2012/078090 CN2012078090W WO2014005274A1 WO 2014005274 A1 WO2014005274 A1 WO 2014005274A1 CN 2012078090 W CN2012078090 W CN 2012078090W WO 2014005274 A1 WO2014005274 A1 WO 2014005274A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
acetoxybenzoyl
group
methyl
acetoxy
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PCT/CN2012/078090
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English (en)
French (fr)
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汪六一
汪金灿
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海南卫康制药(潜山)有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/078090 priority Critical patent/WO2014005274A1/zh
Publication of WO2014005274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005274A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D451/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof
    • C07D451/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof
    • C07D451/04Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof with hetero atoms directly attached in position 3 of the 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or in position 7 of the 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.0<2,4>] nonane ring system
    • C07D451/06Oxygen atoms
    • C07D451/12Oxygen atoms acylated by aromatic or heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, e.g. cocaine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/06Antimigraine agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P5/00Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
    • A61P5/38Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the suprarenal hormones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/02Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polysubstituted 8-azetidine [3.2.1] octyl compound, and further relates to the preparation of the octyl compound, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and uses thereof. Background technique
  • the thrombus begins with the adhesion of platelets to the inner lining of the vessel wall.
  • vascular endothelial cells When vascular endothelial cells are damaged, the collagen fibers under the endothelium are exposed, and the platelets adhere to the damaged area, which activates and releases adipic acid adenosine (ADP), thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2 ), and serotonin (5-HT).
  • ADP adipic acid adenosine
  • TXA 2 thromboxane A 2
  • serotonin 5-HT
  • the fibrinogen is turned into fibrin, and then formed into a fine network distributed between the platelets and the white blood cells and a large number of red blood cells to rapidly increase the thrombus mass, and finally tightly combine with the platelets to form a strong thrombus.
  • Diseases such as arterial thrombosis, such as arterial embolism, or venous thrombosis, such as pulmonary infarction and deep vein thrombosis, pose a great threat to human health.
  • Rational use of anticoagulant drugs to improve the diagnosis and treatment of thromboembolic diseases has become a clinical concern today.
  • Antiplatelet therapy is an important part of the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases. It has been used clinically for many years, and antiplatelet drugs can prevent platelet adhesion, aggregation and release, thereby preventing arterial thrombosis. Antiplatelet drugs inhibit platelet inner apocytic adenosine (cAMP) levels, block platelet calcium influx and other effects inhibit platelet aggregation and release by blocking the arachidonic acid pathway can. Thrombosis usually occurs in the form of fissures or ruptures on the basis of vulnerable plaque, which in turn activates platelets and the coagulation system. Therefore, any link in platelet adhesion, activation, aggregation and thrombosis may play a preventive and therapeutic role in thromboembolic diseases.
  • cAMP platelet inner apocytic adenosine
  • anisodamine inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane A 2 , prevents platelet aggregation and release, prevents microthrombosis, and inhibits deposition of antigen-antibody complexes.
  • the main mechanism of action includes: 1 a lipid bilayer that can be embedded in the fine bubble membrane, increasing the fluidity of the membrane, improving the blood flow state, improving the deformability of the white blood cells, inhibiting the aggregation of granulocytes and platelets, and synthesizing the thromboxane; It can improve the self-discipline of the arterioles, restore the scouring effect of microcirculation on myocardial tissue perfusion, reduce the obstruction and compression of microvessels, and improve the anterior blood perfusion; 3 inhibit Ca 2+ influx, prevent calcium overload, and relieve microvascular spasm; 4 to reduce vagus nerve-related reperfusion injury, improve microcirculation perfusion; 5 anti-free radical peroxidation, reduce lipid peroxidation damage to the end
  • anisodamine blocks the slow channel of calcium ions, inhibits the release of serotonin and thromboxane A 2, a metabolite of thromboxane A 2 , and permanently inhibits vasoconstrictive substances and dilates blood vessels. Improve the vasomotor function of blood vessels and effectively treat vascular neuropathic headaches.
  • sputum drugs have a weaker effect on inflammatory diseases and inhibition of TXA 2 .
  • aspirin As a common drug for antiplatelet therapy, aspirin (ASA) inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane A 2 mainly by inhibiting platelet cyclooxygenase, and inhibits the synthesis of most thromboxane A 2 by daily small dose (20mg ⁇ 100mg).
  • ASA aspirin
  • ASA inhibits the synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI 2 ) and the function of circulating platelets in the blood by inactivating fatty acid cyclooxygenase.
  • PKI 2 prostacyclin
  • platelets release a variety of platelet factors, including serotonin (5-HT) and thromboxane ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 2 ), with strong contractile blood. Tube activity and lead to thrombosis.
  • PGI 2 has vasodilating activity.
  • the inhibition of PGI 2 synthesis by ASA is much less pronounced than that of TXA 2 .
  • ASA can be used for the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
  • ASA ASA-associated cardiovascular diseases
  • TIA transient Cerebral ischemia
  • acute myocardial infarction previous myocardial infarction
  • other cardiovascular diseases unstable and stable angina, postoperative vascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, heart valve disease ⁇ ).
  • ASA reduces myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality by approximately 1/4, with a 1/3 reduction in the risk of nonfatal MI, non-fatal
  • the risk of stroke was reduced by a quarter and the mortality of vascular events was reduced by 1/6.
  • ASA is listed as the basis for secondary prevention in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in many countries such as the United States and Europe.
  • the preventive effect of ASA in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is obvious, but it is weak in the treatment of vascular smooth muscle, especially capillaries, and the improvement of microcirculation.
  • ASA is highly irritating to the gastrointestinal tract and is prone to cause a strong intestinal response.
  • the present invention provides a novel compound which not only dilates blood vessels, improves microcirculation, inhibits TXA 2 , but also has an effect on inflammatory diseases, particularly on vascular neuropathic headache, and the compound is less irritating to the gastrointestinal tract. , high biological activity, small dosage, long-term tolerance of the human body. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a novel polysubstituted 8-azide heterocycle [3.2.1] octopine compound and derivative or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or hydrate thereof Or solvent, the technical problem to be solved is based on the principle of safe, effective, stable and controllable drug molecular design, target determination, model establishment, lead compound discovery and optimization, 3D structure-activity relationship and multi-substituted 8-nitrogen Heterocyclic [3.2.1] Pharmacokinetics (ADMET) properties of octopine compounds to improve and create stronger and analgesic effects than current cyclooxygenase inhibitors inhibiting thromboxane A 2 secretion, A series of new compounds that act by sedation.
  • ADMET Pharmacokinetics
  • Multi-substituted 8-nitrogen heterocycles [3.2.1] octane compounds
  • each substituent, R 2 is selected from a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of d Cs, a hydroxyl group, an acetoxy group, an acetoxybenzoyl group, and R 3 is an acetoxy benzyl group.
  • the compound represented by the formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate or solvent thereof is -(CH 2 ) n H, and n is 1 to 5.
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group and an acetyl benzoyl.
  • a pharmaceutical composition of the carrier is provided.
  • the invention includes a compound of formula (I) wherein:
  • each substituent, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of: a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of hydrogen atom or d Cs , a hydroxyl group, an acetoxy group, an acetoxybenzoyl group, and R 3 is an acetoxybenzene group.
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of: a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of hydrogen atom or d Cs , a hydroxyl group, an acetoxy group, an acetoxybenzoyl group, and R 3 is an acetoxybenzene group.
  • treatment includes prophylactic treatment as well as existing Treatment of the illness.
  • an "effective amount” is intended to describe the amount of a compound that produces the desired therapeutic effect.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” means any salt of the active ingredient with an acid which does not produce undesirable toxicity or side effects. These acids are well known to pharmacists.
  • suitable salts are as follows: chloride: bromide; iodide; aspartate; benzoate; citrate; tartrate; diacidate; fumarate; ; glucose phosphate; lactate; maleate; orotate; oxalate; sulfate; trichloroacetate; trifluoroacetate; Sulfonate and methanesulfonate.
  • the invention relates to the use of a compound of formula I for the treatment of a patient suffering from a physiological condition which is ameliorated by administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
  • physiological conditions treatable with the compounds of the invention include, but are certainly not limited to, thromboembolic disorders such as cardiac I infarction, cerebral thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, cerebral embolism, pulmonary embolism, and other thromboembolic disorders.
  • physiological conditions treatable by the present invention include such physiological conditions as arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid spondylitis, gouty arthritis, traumatic arthritis, rubella arthritis, psoriasis Arthritis, vascular neuropathic headache.
  • the invention relates to the use of a compound of formula I for treating a patient suffering from a vascular neuropathic headache condition comprising administering to the patient a physiologically effective amount of the compound.
  • the invention encompasses a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I and a second compound selected from the group consisting of: a beta adrenergic agonist, an anticholinergic agent, an anticoagulant, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier thereof .
  • the compound of formula I and the second compound are present in such amounts that they provide a therapeutically effective activity, i.e., form an additive or synergistic effect.
  • Specific vascular embolic diseases that can be treated with such pharmaceutical compositions include, but are not limited to, vascular neuropathic headaches.
  • the invention relates to a method of treating a patient suffering from a thromboembolic disease comprising administering to a patient a compound of formula I and a second compound selected from the group consisting of: beta 2 adrenergic agonist, anticholinergic agent, anticoagulation medicine.
  • the compound of formula I and the second compound are present in such amounts that they provide a therapeutically effective activity, i.e., form an additive or synergistic effect.
  • the compound of the invention may be administered to a patient prior to the second compound, the second compound may be administered prior to the compound of the invention, or the compound of the invention and the second compound may be administered simultaneously.
  • adrenergic agonists, anticholinergic agents, anticoagulants to be used in the present method will be described below.
  • the compounds of the invention exhibit useful pharmaceutical activities and, accordingly, may be included in pharmaceutical compositions for treating patients suffering from certain medical conditions.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable as used herein preferably means that it has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration or has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences” by E. W. Martin.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can be prepared according to conventional methods, using or a plurality of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or excipients.
  • the excipients may include, in addition to other ingredients, diluents, fillers, binders, disintegrants, glidants, lubricants, surfactants, sterile aqueous media, and various non-toxic organic solvents.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be administered in the form of a tablet, a capsule, a pill, a sustained release preparation, a granule, a powder, an aqueous solution or suspension, an injection solution, an elixir, or a syrup, and may contain one or more sweet tastes.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation a flavoring agent, a coloring agent or a stabilizer.
  • the choice of excipients and the level of active ingredient in the excipients are generally determined by the solubility and chemical nature of the active compound, the particular mode of administration, and the practice in the practice.
  • excipients such as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, unmodified starch, silicified microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylose Alcohol, dextmte, fructose, sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, anhydrous calcium hydrogenate, calcium sulfate, and binders such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, pregelatinized starch, starch, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polycarbophil, gel and gum arabic Disintegrators such as croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, starch, microcrystalline cellulose, alginic acid and some combined lubricants such as magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, hard a complex silicate of fatty acids, hydrogenated vegetable oil,
  • fillers such as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, unmodified starch, silicified microcrystalline cellulose or two or more types with or without a binder as described above are used alone. Mixtures of fillers, as well as suitable wetting agents, disintegrants, glidants, lubricants, and the like, listed above, are advantageous. When aqueous suspensions are used, they may contain emulsifiers or agents which promote suspension. Diluents such as sucrose, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and chloroform or mixtures thereof may also be used.
  • Such pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can also be sterile water and oils, including those derived from petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic oils such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil and the like. Water is a preferred carrier when the pharmaceutical composition is administered intravenously. Saline solutions and aqueous solutions of glucose and glycerol can also be used as liquid carriers, especially for injectable solutions. Suitable pharmaceutical excipients include mannitol, human serum albumin (HSA), starch, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate.
  • HSA human serum albumin
  • compositions may take the form of solutions, suspensions, tablets, pills, capsules, powders, sustained release formulations and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the invention will contain a therapeutically effective amount of the active compound together with an appropriate amount
  • the carrier is provided to provide a suitable dosage form for use by the patient.
  • intravenous injection is a very effective form of administration, other means as discussed below may be used, such as by injection, oral, nasal or parenteral.
  • the invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical composition of formula I or a pharmaceutical composition comprising same for treating a condition suffering from or susceptible to a condition which is ameliorated by an anti-platelet aggregation agent.
  • compounds of formula I are useful in the treatment of thromboembolic disorders such as myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, cerebral embolism, pulmonary embolism and other thromboembolic diseases, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid Spondylitis, gouty arthritis, traumatic arthritis, rubella arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, vascular neuropathic headache.
  • thromboembolic disorders such as myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, cerebral embolism, pulmonary embolism and other thromboembolic diseases, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid Spondylitis, gouty arthritis, traumatic arthritis, rubella arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, vascular neuropathic headache.
  • a method of treatment for treating a human or animal patient suffering from or susceptible to a condition which is ameliorated by an anti-platelet aggregation agent, such as the conditions described above which method comprises administering to the patient A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical group comprising a compound of the invention.
  • the invention encompasses a method of treating a patient suffering from an vascular neuropathic headache comprising administering to a patient a compound of the invention and a second selected from the group consisting of Compound: ⁇ 2 adrenergic agonist, anticholinergic agent, calcium antagonist.
  • the compound of the present invention can be administered prior to the second compound, the compound of the present invention can be administered after administration of the second compound, or the compound of the present invention and the first compound can be administered simultaneously.
  • a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound can be administered to a patient parenterally, rectally.
  • Oral administration
  • Solid dosage forms include tablets, capsules, pills, troches, cachets or troches.
  • liposomes or proteinoid encapsulations can also be used to formulate compositions of the invention (e.g., proteinoid microspheres as reported in U.S. Patent No. 4,925,673). Liposomes can also be encapsulated, and liposomes can be derived from a variety of polymers, such as U.S. Patent No.
  • the formulations will include the compounds of the present invention and the inert ingredients which protect the compound in the stomach environment and release the biologically active substance, i.e., the compounds of the present invention, in the intestine.
  • Oral dosage forms of the compounds of the invention are also specifically contemplated.
  • the compound can be chemically modified to make oral delivery more effective.
  • the intended chemical modification is to add at least one additional moiety to the molecule of the component which allows the drug to (a) inhibit proteolysis; and (b) absorb it from the stomach or intestine into the blood.
  • additional moieties include: polyethylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyproline.
  • the release site of the compound of the present invention in the body may be the stomach, the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum or ileum) Or the large intestine.
  • One skilled in the art can provide a formulation that does not dissolve in the stomach and releases the drug in the duodenum or other parts of the intestine.
  • the harmful effects of the stomach environment are avoided upon release by protecting the compound of the invention or releasing the compound outside of the stomach environment (e.g., in the intestine).
  • a coating that is at least resistant to pH 5.0.
  • examples of more commonly used inert ingredients for enteric coatings are cellulose acetate trimellitate (CAT), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP CP), HPMCP 50. , HPMCP 55, polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP), Eudragit L30D, Aquateric, cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), Eudragit L, Eudragit S and shellac.
  • CAT cellulose acetate trimellitate
  • HP CP hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate
  • HPMCP 50 HPMCP 50.
  • HPMCP 55 polyvinyl acetate phthalate
  • PVAP polyvinyl acetate phthalate
  • Eudragit L30D polyvinyl acetate phthalate
  • CAP cellulose acetate phthalate
  • Eudragit S Eudragit S and shellac.
  • a coating, or a coating mixture may also be used for tablets that are not intended to resist the stomach environment. This may include a sugar coating or a coating that makes the tablet easier to swallow.
  • the capsules may comprise a hard shell (e. g., gelatin):
  • a soft gelatin shell may be used.
  • the outer shell material of the sachet can be a thick starch or other edible paper.
  • moist massing techniques can be used.
  • the drug may be formed into granules or granules having a particle size of about 1 mm and contained in the preparation in the form of fine multiparticulates.
  • Formulations of materials for capsule administration may also be powders, lightly compressed plugs, or even tablets.
  • the drug can be prepared by compression.
  • Coloring and flavoring agents can also be included.
  • a compound of the invention e.g., encapsulated with liposomes or microspheres
  • an edible product e.g., a frozen beverage containing a coloring and flavoring agent
  • the inert material can be used to dilute or increase the volume of the drug.
  • diluents may include carbohydrates, especially mannitol, alpha-lactose, anhydrous lactose, cellulose, sucrose, modified dextran, and starch.
  • Certain inorganic salts, including tribasic calcium, magnesium carbonate, and sodium chloride, can also be used as the filler.
  • Some commercially available The diluents are Fast-Flo, Emdex, STA-Rx 1500, Emcompress and Avicell.
  • a disintegrant can be added to the pharmaceutical formulation to form a solid dosage form.
  • Materials useful as disintegrants include, but are not limited to, starch, including the starch-based commercial disintegrant Explotab. Sodium starch glycolate, Amloerlite, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ultramylopectin sodium alginate, gelatin, orange peel, acid carboxymethylcellulose, natural sponge and bentonite can all be used.
  • Another form of disintegrant is an insoluble cationic exchange resin.
  • a powdered gum may be used as the disintegrating agent and the binder, and the disintegrant and the binder may include a powdered gum such as agar, carrageenan or tragacanth. Alginic acid and its sodium salt can also be used as a disintegrating agent.
  • the drug may be adhered using an adhesive to form a hard tablet comprising materials derived from natural products such as acacia, tragacanth, starch and gelatin.
  • Other binders include methylcellulose (MC), ethylcellulose (EC), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).
  • MC methylcellulose
  • EC ethylcellulose
  • CMC carboxymethylcellulose
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • HPMC hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • Lubricants may be used as a layer between the drug and the mold wall. These lubricants may include, but are not limited to, stearic acid (including magnesium and calcium salts thereof), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), liquid paraffin, vegetable oils, and waxes. . Soluble lubricants such as sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate, polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights, Carbowax 4000 and 6000 can also be used.
  • Glidants can be added which improve the flow of the drug during formulation and aid in rearrangement during the pressing process.
  • Glidants can include starch, talc, fumed silica, and hydmted silicoaluminate.
  • a surfactant may be added as a wetting agent.
  • Surfactants may include anionic detergents such as sodium lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, and sodium dioctyl sulfonate. It is also possible to use cationic detergents, which may include benzza Ammonium chloride or benzethonium chloride.
  • An effective nonionic detergent useful as a surfactant in the formulation is polyguol
  • polyoxyl (40) stearate polyoxyl 40 stearate
  • polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 10 50 and 60
  • glyceryl monostearate polysorbate 40, 60, 65 and 80
  • sucrose Fatty acid esters methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • surfactants may be present in the formulation of the compounds of the invention either singly or in a mixture of different ratios.
  • Additives which may enhance the absorption of the compounds of the invention are, for example, fatty acids, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.
  • Controlled release oral formulations may be desirable.
  • the drug can be incorporated into an inert matrix (e.g., a gum) that allows release by diffusion or leaching mechanisms. Slowly degraded matrices can also be added to the formulation.
  • Some enteric coatings also have a delayed release effect.
  • Another controlled release form of this drug is through a method based on the Oros drug system (Alza), which encapsulates the drug in a semi-permeable membrane that allows water to enter and expel the drug through a single opening due to osmosis. .
  • Alza Oros drug system
  • compositions can also be used in the formulation. They include a variety of sugars that can be coated in a coating pan.
  • Therapeutic agents can also take the form of film-coated tablets, and the materials used in this form can be divided into two categories.
  • the first category is non-enteric materials, including methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl-methyl cellulose, carboxyl group Cellulose sodium, povidone and polyethylene glycol.
  • enteric materials which are typically phthalates.
  • the film coating can be effected in a pan coater or in a fluidized bed, or by a compression coating.
  • the solid compositions for rectal administration include suppositories formulated according to known methods and containing the compounds of the invention.
  • the percentage of active ingredient in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may vary and the proportions thereof will be such that a suitable dosage will be employed. It will be apparent that several unit dosage forms can be administered at about the same time.
  • the dosage employed will be determined by the physician and will depend on the desired therapeutic effect, the route of administration, the duration of the treatment, and the condition of the patient.
  • the adult dose, if administered orally is about 0.01-100 mg per day, preferably 0.1-70 mg, more preferably 0.5-10 m g per kg body weight ; if administered intravenously, per kg body weight, It is about 0.001-10 mg per day, preferably 0.001-1 mg.
  • the dosage will be determined based on the individual factors of the subject, such as age, weight, general health, and other characteristics that may affect the efficacy of the medicinal product.
  • the compound of the present invention can be frequently used as needed. Some patients respond very quickly to doses and can use much lower maintenance doses. For other patients, long-term treatment with 1 to 4 doses per day may be necessary, depending on the physiological requirements of each particular patient. Generally, the active product can be administered orally 1 to 4 times a day. Of course, for some patients, the prescribed amount should not exceed 1 or 2 doses per day.
  • the compounds of the invention are useful as therapeutic agents, preferably for human use, but are also useful in animals.
  • the methods and pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for administration to any animal, particularly a mammal, including but not limited to domestic animals such as felines or canines.
  • Farm animals such as, but not limited to, cattle, horses, goats, sheep and pigs, wild animals (whether in wild or zoo environments, such as mice, rats, rabbits, goats, sheep, pigs, dogs, Research animals such as cats, such as chickens, turkeys, songbirds, etc., are used for veterinary purposes.
  • the compounds of formula I can be prepared by applying or modifying known methods, which are those which have been used to date or described in the literature, for example as described in RC ⁇ arock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publishers, 1989, Or those methods as described herein.
  • Conventional protecting groups can be used according to standard procedures, for example, see TW Greene and RG. MWuts, Protective Grooups in Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, 1991.
  • the DAPT layer was separated and concentrated, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a solid, 280.7 g yield of 88.5%, and the crude product was purified from 800 ml of ethyl acetate. The solid was 214.5 g, and the yield was 76.4%. The HPLC content was 98.3%. Melting point: 236.35 °C
  • CDCWTMS 51.54 (m 4H), 51.87 (q 4H), 52.06 (s 3H), 52.25 (m 2H), 52.29 (s 3H), 53.98 (t 1H), 57.19 (d 2H), 57.45 (d 1H) , 57.94(d 1H); MS 302 (M+1 100%)
  • Endotoxin (E.coli endotoxin) plays an important role in infectious diseases and thrombotic diseases as an important proinflammatory factor, which stimulates the production of various factors causing tissue damage. Thromboxane A 2 is one of them. A more important factor. Thromboxane B 2 is an important metabolite of thromboxane A 2 and its thrombin can reflect its level due to its short half-life in vivo.
  • thromboxane A 2 starts from arachidonic acid in the pity of mononuclear cells or macrophages or platelet membranes, and finally forms thromboxane A 2 under the action of thromboxane synthetase, which is subsequently decomposed into thromboxane.
  • B 2 its formation regulates platelet deformation, adhesion, aggregation and secretion of particles, and also participates in a series of biological effects such as inflammatory response, vasoconstriction, cell damage, and immune regulation.
  • MATERIALS Thirty-six male Kunming mice were included in the experiment, which were of normal grade and common breeding environment. Grouping of experimental animals: randomly divided into 6 groups, 6 in each group, which were normal control group, model control group, and a group of examples.
  • 36 eyes of Kunming mice were taken under anesthesia to take blood, heparin was anticoagulated, diluted 1 times with Hanks solution, and lymphocyte separation solution was added to the centrifuge tube. (specific gravity 1.077), and slowly add 2 times the volume of the above diluted whole blood along the tube wall, 2000r/min, centrifuge for 20min, a thin white layer between the separation solution and the diluted
  • Dispense in a 24-well culture plate at 0.5 ml per well Six groups of monocytes were treated as follows: Normal control group was added with complete 1640 0.5 ml per well ; model control group was also added with complete 1640 0.5 ml per well; Example group was added with concentration of 5 mg/l of Example 1 compound 0.5 ml, In the second group, 0.5 ml of the compound of the second embodiment was added at a concentration of 5 mg/l, the concentration of the third embodiment was 0.5 ml of the compound of the third embodiment, and the concentration of the fourth group was 0.5 mg of the compound of the fourth embodiment. Finally, the final volume of each well is 1 ml. Another two 24-well culture plates were used, and only 1 ml of mononuclear cell suspension was added to each well.
  • Endotoxin-activated monocytes The above-mentioned isolated monocytes were cultured for 3 days, and then changed for 1 time. In addition to the normal control group, 10 mg/l of E. coli endotoxin ⁇ was added to the other 5 groups for 2 hours; The last two plates of mononuclear cell suspension, each group plus E. coli endotoxin concentrations were 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 400 mg / l, each ⁇ ⁇ , co-culture for 2h.
  • the supernatant in each well of the culture plate was collected and stored at -20 ° C until the thromboxane B 2 test was strictly followed.
  • the instructions of the kit are determined by the analytical method.
  • MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Effect of different example compounds on the amount of thromboxane A 2 secreted by E. coli endotoxin at the same concentration.
  • Example Compound different embodiments can thromboxane A 2 secreted significantly inhibited.

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Abstract

式I化合物、其衍生物、其药用盐、其水合物或溶剂物。含有药学有效量的式I化合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。式I化合物在制备作为抗血小板药物的用途、式I化合物在制备用于治疗血管神经性头痛药物的用途。

Description

说 明 书 多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物 技术领域
本发明涉及多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物, 进一步涉及该辛垸 化合物的制备、 以及含有这些化合物的药物组合物及其用途。 背景技术
血栓是由血小板粘附于血管壁内膜开始的。 当血管内皮细胞损伤后, 内 皮下的胶原纤维暴露,血小板粘附于破损处,活化并释放二憐酸腺苷(ADP)、 血栓素 A2 (TXA2)、 5-羟色胺 (5-HT)等物质, 促使更多的血小板粘附和聚 集, 活化的血小板为凝血反应提供了必须的憐脂表面; 内皮破损后组织因子 的暴露, 激活了凝血系统, 凝血因子粘附在血小板憐脂表面, 经过一系列酶 解反应, 使纤维蛋白原变成纤维蛋白, 之后结成细网分布于血小板之间并网 罗白细胞和大量红细胞使血栓团块迅速增大, 最终与血小板紧密结合形成一 个牢固的血栓。 无论是动脉系统血栓如动脉栓塞性心血管疾病, 还是静脉系 统血栓如肺梗塞及深静脉血栓等疾病对人类的健康已构成了极大的威胁。 合 理使用抗凝药物, 提高对血栓栓塞性疾病的诊治水平, 已成为当今临床关注 的问题。
抗血小板治疗是血栓栓塞性疾病防治治疗的重要组成部分。 在临床上已 应用多年, 抗血小板药物能阻止血小板黏附、 聚集和释放, 进而防止动脉血 栓形成。 抗血小板药物通过阻断花生四烯酸途径, 增高血小板内环憐酸腺苷 (cAMP) 水平, 影响血小板钙内流以及其他作用抑制血小板聚集和释放功 能。 血栓形成通常在易损斑块基础上发生裂隙或破裂, 继而激活血小板和凝 血系统。 因此凡作用于血小板黏附、 激活、 聚集和血栓形成中的任何环节可 能对血栓栓塞性疾病起预防和治疗作用。
作为莨菪碱类药物, 山莨菪碱能抑制血栓素 A2的合成, 防止血小板聚 集和释放, 防止微血栓形成, 抑制抗原抗体复合物沉积。 其主要作用机制包 括: ①可嵌入细泡膜的脂质双层, 增加膜的流动性, 改善血液流态, 提高白 细胞的变形能力, 抑制粒细胞和血小板的聚集, 抑血栓素的合成; ②可改善 微动脉的自律性, 恢复微循环对心肌组织的灌注的冲刷作用, 减轻微血管的 阻塞及压迫, 改善前向血流灌注; ③抑制 Ca2+内流, 防治钙超载, 解除微血 管痉挛; ④减轻迷走神经相关的再灌注伤, 改善微循环灌注; ⑤抗自由基过 氧化作用, 减轻脂质过氧化对内皮及白细胞膜的损伤。 山莨菪碱的这些作用 机制显示, 山莨菪碱能阻滞钙离子慢通道, 抑制血小板释放血清素和血栓素 A2的代谢物血栓素 B2, 持久地抑制血管收縮性物质而扩张血管, 从而改善 血管的舒縮功能, 有效的治疗血管神经性头痛。 但是, 莨菪碱类药物对炎性 疾病和抑制 TXA2作用较弱。
作为抗血小板治疗的常用药物阿司匹林 (ASA) , 主要通过抑制血小板 环氧化酶, 进而抑制血栓素 A2的合成, 每日小剂量 (20mg~100mg)即可抑制 大部分血栓素 A2的合成, 循证医学证明了阿司匹林在心血管病预防中有不 可替代的作用。 而人体内血小板聚集功能可能由 TXA2和前列环素 (PGI2) 之间的平衡来调节。
ASA通过灭活脂肪酸环加氧酶而抑制前列环素 (PGI2)的合成及循环血 中血小板的功能。 当血管内发生血小板黏着及聚集过程时, 血小板释放多种 血小板因子, 包括 5-羟色胺 (5-HT)及血栓素 Α2(ΤΧΑ2)等, 具有强烈的收縮血 管活性, 并导致血栓形成。 同时, PGI2具有血管扩张活性。 ASA对 PGI2合 成的抑制远不如对 TXA2的抑制明显。 ASA可用于心脑血管事件的预防, ASA 的二级预防旨在预防有动脉粥样硬化或有血栓形成趋向的高危人群的心血 管事件的发生, 这类患者包括既往缺血性卒中、 短暂性脑缺血(TIA)、 急性 心肌梗死、 既往心肌梗死和其他心血管疾病 (不稳定和稳定型心绞痛、 血管 性疾病术后、 周围血管性疾病、 血栓栓塞症、 心房纤颤、 心瓣膜疾病^)。全 球超过 20万例受试者的临床试验数据荟萃分析结果显示: ASA使心肌梗死、 卒中的发生和死亡率降低约 1/4, 其中非致死性心梗的风险减低 1/3, 非致死 性卒中的风险减低 1/4, 血管事件死亡率减低 1/6。 美国和欧洲等多个国家的 心脑血管疾病防治指南均将 ASA列为二级预防的基础用药。 ASA在心脑血 管事件的预防作用明显, 但是对治疗血管平滑肌, 特别是毛细血管、 改善微 循环作用弱。 而且 ASA对胃肠道刺激性强, 容易引起强烈的肠道反应。
本发明提供一种新的化合物, 该化合物不但能扩张血管、 改善微循环、 抑制 TXA2, 对炎性疾病也有作用, 特别是对血管神经性头痛有特效, 并且 该化合物对胃肠道刺激小, 生物活性高, 服用剂量小, 人体能长期耐受。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于弥补现有技术中存在的不足之处, 而提供一种新的多 取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物及衍生物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂 物, 所要解决的技术问题是根据药物分子设计安全、 有效、 稳定和可控的原 则, 经过靶标确定, 模型建立, 先导化合物发现和优化, 运用 3D构效关系和 多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物的药物动力学 (ADMET) 性质来改 善和创造出比目前环氧化酶抑制物抑制血栓素 A2分泌作用更强且具有镇痛, 镇静作用的一系列新化合物。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的, 申请人根据本发明一系列化 合物的 3D、 4D、 5D、 6D构效关系的基础知识,结合计算机对化合物的 ADMET 性质模拟而对多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸母核进行一系列结构变化, 通 过大量辛苦的创造性劳动与多次试验结果得到由以下通式( I )表示的一种 多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物及衍生物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶
Figure imgf000005_0001
( I )
多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物包括式
Figure imgf000005_0002
在每种情况下, 每个取代基 、 R2选自氢原子或 d Cs的直链或支链垸 烃、 羟基、 乙酰氧基、 乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, R3为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基。 所述由通式 I所示的化合物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂物中 为 -(CH2)nH, n为 1~5。
所述由通式 I所示的化合物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂物中 R2为氢 原子、 羟基和乙酰氧基苯甲酰基。
本发明还具有的技术方案是涉及含有药学有效量的式
Figure imgf000006_0001
的载体的药物组合物。
本发明中引用的每篇文献的内容均全文引入本申请作为参考。
本发明的各个方面、 特点和优点将通过以下的详细叙述而达到更好的理 解。 提供该详细叙述仅是为了说明本发明的目的, 并非旨在限制本发明。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、 创作特征、 达成目的与功效易于明白了 解, 下面结合具体实施方案, 进一步阐述本发明
在下文列出的核磁共振光谱 (NMR) 中, 化学位移 ppm表示, 以四甲 基甲硅垸为内标。 各縮写词分别具有以下含意: br=宽峰, s=单峰, d=双峰, 1=三重峰, =四重峰, „!=多重峰。
实施方案一, 式 I的新颖化合物,
Figure imgf000007_0001
( I )
在一个具体的实施方案中, 本发明包括式 ( I ) 化合物, 其中:
在每种情况下, 每个取代基 、 R2选自: 氢原子或 d Cs的直链或支链 垸烃、 羟基、 乙酰氧基、 乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, R3为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基。
具体实施方案包括以下化合物:
2 - (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -9 -甲基 -3 -氧杂 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3丄 02·4]壬垸 -7-酯
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -6 -羟基 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯
2,2-二 (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3,6-二酯
定义
如上文所用以及贯穿本申请说明书的详细说明和所附的专利申请范围, 下 列术语应被理解为具有以下含义, 除非另行说明。
本申请所用的术语 "本发明的化合物" 以及相当的表述, 意为包括如上所 述的式 I化合物, 该表述还包括其药学上可接受的盐以及溶剂化物, 例如水合 物。 为了明晰起见, 有时当上下文允许时会在文中举出某些具体例子, 但这些 例子纯粹是作为例证, 并非旨在排除上下文所允许的其它例子。
本申请所用的术语 "治疗", 无论动词或名词, 均包括预防性治疗以及现存 的病症的治疗。
"有效量" 旨在描述能产生预期疗效的化合物的量。
"药学上可接受的盐"意为这些活性成分与酸生成的任何盐, 其不会产生 不希望的毒性或副作用。 这些酸是药学专业人员所熟知的。 适宜的盐的非限制 性例子如下: 氯化物: 溴化物; 碘化物; 天冬氨酸盐; 苯甲酸盐; 柠檬酸盐; 酒石酸盐; 憐酸盐; 富马酸盐; 甘油憐酸盐; 葡糖憐酸盐 (glucose phosphate); 乳酸盐; 马来酸盐; 乳清酸盐; 草酸盐; 硫酸盐; 三氯乙酸盐; 三氟乙酸盐; 苯磺酸盐; 甲苯磺酸盐及甲磺酸盐。
具体的或优选的实施方案
此外, 本发明涉及式 I化合物在治疗患有可通过施用治疗有效量的式 I化 合物而得到改善的生理病症的患者中的用途。 可利用本发明化合物治疗的生理 病症的具体实施方案包括但肯定不限于血栓栓塞性疾病, 如心 I梗死、 脑血栓 形成、 深静脉血栓形成、 脑栓塞、 肺栓塞和其它血栓栓塞性疾病。 可利用本发 明治疗的生理病症的其它实施方案包括这样一些生理病症, 如关节炎、 类风湿 性关节炎、 类风湿性脊椎炎、 痛风性关节炎、 创伤性关节炎、 风疹性关节炎、 牛皮癣关节炎、 血管神经性头痛。
在一个具体的实施方案中, 本发明涉及式 I化合物在治疗患有血管神经性 头痛病症的患者中的用途, 包括给患者施用生理有效量的该化合物。
此外, 本发明涵盖药物组合物, 其包含式 I化合物和选自以下化合物的第 二化合物: β2肾上腺素能激动剂、 抗胆碱能剂、 抗凝血药, 及其药学上可接受 的载体。 在这样的药物组合物中, 式 I化合物和第二化合物以这样的量存在, 使得它们能够提供治疗上有效的活性, 即形成累加或协同效应。 可用这样的药 物组合物治疗的特定血管栓塞性疾病包括但不限于血管神经性头痛。 此外, 本发明涉及治疗患有血栓栓塞性疾病的患者的方法, 包括对患者施 用式 I化合物和选自以下化合物的第二化合物: β2肾上腺素能激动剂、 抗胆碱 能剂、 抗凝血药。 在这一方法中, 式 I化合物和第二化合物以这样的量存在, 使得它们能够提供治疗上有效的活性, 即形成累加或协同效应。 在本发明这样 的方法中, 本发明的化合物可在第二化合物之前对患者施用, 第二化合物可在 本发明化合物之前施用, 或本发明化合物和第二化合物可同时施用。 应用于本 方法的肾上腺素能激动剂、 抗胆碱能剂、 抗凝血药的特定实例将在下面说明。 药物组合物
如上面所解释, 本发明化合物显示了有用的药物活性, 相应地, 可包含在 药物组合物中, 用来治疗患有某些医学病征的患者。 因此, 根据本发明的进一 步的方面, 本发明提供含有本发明化合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。 此处所用的术语 "药理学上可接受的"优选表示已经通过国家食品药品监督管 理局批准, 或已列入中国药典。适当药学载体在 E.W.Martin编著的 "Remington' s Pharmaceutical Sciences " 中有所描述。
本发明的药物组合物可依照常用的方法制备, 使用或多种药学上可接受的 辅料或赋形剂。 除了其它成分以外, 所述辅料可包括稀释剂、 充填剂、 粘合剂、 崩解剂、 助流剂、 润滑剂、 表面活性剂、 无菌水介质以及各种非毒性有机溶剂。 所述药物组合物可以片剂、 胶囊剂、 丸剂、 持续释放制剂、 颗粒、 粉剂、 水溶 液或悬浮液、 注射溶液、 酏剂、 或糖浆等形式给药, 并可包含一种或多种甜味 剂、 矫味剂、 着色剂或稳定剂, 以获得药学上可接受的制剂。 赋形剂的选择以 及赋形剂中活性物质的含量通常是依照活性化合物的溶解性和化学性质、 具体 的给药方式以及用药实践中须遵守的规定来决定。 例如, 赋形剂如乳糖、 微晶 纤维素、 预胶凝淀粉、 未改性淀粉、 硅化微晶纤维素、 甘露醇、 山梨醇、 木糖 醇、 dextmte、 果糖、 柠檬酸钠、 碳酸钠、 憐酸氢钙二水合物、 无水憐酸氢钙、 硫酸钙、 以及粘合剂如聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、 羟丙基甲基纤维素、 乙基纤维素、 羟 乙基纤维素、 甲基纤维素、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 预胶凝淀粉、 淀粉、 聚乙二醇、 聚氧化乙烯、 聚卡波非、 凝胶和阿拉伯树胶以及崩解剂如交联羧甲基纤维素钠、 淀粉羟乙酸钠、 交聚维酮、 淀粉、 微晶纤维素、 藻酸和一些结合了润滑剂如硬 脂酸镁、 硬脂酸钙、 硬脂酸的复合硅酸盐、 氢化植物油、 矿物油、 聚乙二醇、 脂肪酸甘油酯、 月桂基硫酸钠和助流剂如二氧化硅、 滑石、 淀粉以及一些适当 的润湿剂如月桂基硫酸钠、 脱水山梨糖醇酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、 泊洛沙姆、 聚氧乙烯醚、 多库酯钠、 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油和苯扎氯铵都可用来制备片剂。 制备 胶囊时, 单独使用充填剂如乳糖、 微晶纤维素、 预凝胶淀粉、 未改性淀粉、 硅 化微晶纤维素或使用如上述的加有或未加粘合剂的两种或多种充填剂的混合物 以及适当的上面列出的润湿剂、 崩解剂、 助流剂、 润滑剂等是很有利的。 当使 用水性悬浮液时, 它们可含有乳化剂或促进悬浮的试剂。 也可使用稀释剂如蔗 糖、 乙醇、 聚乙二醇、 丙二醇、 甘油以及氯仿或它们的混合物。 这类药学上可 接受的载体也可以是无菌的水和油, 包括来源于石油、 动物、 植物或合成的油, 例如花生油、 豆油、 矿物油、 芝麻油等等。 当药物组合物为静脉内注射时, 水 是优选的载体。 盐水溶液以及葡萄糖和甘油的水溶液也可作为液体载体使用, 尤其是用于注射溶液。 适宜的药物赋形剂包括甘露醇、 人血清白蛋白 (HSA)、淀 粉、 葡萄糖、 乳糖、 蔗糖、 明胶、 麦芽、 大米、 面粉、 白垩、 硅胶、 碳酸镁、 硬脂酸镁、 硬脂酸钠、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 滑石、 氯化钠、 脱脂奶粉、 甘油、 丙 二醇、 水、 乙醇等等。 这些组合物可采取溶液、 悬浮液、 片剂、 丸剂、 胶囊、 粉剂、 持续释放制剂等形式。
很自然, 本发明的药物组合物将含有治疗有效量的活性化合物以及适量 的载体, 以便提供适当的供患者使用的剂型。 尽管静脉注射是一种非常有效 的给药形式, 也可使用下面讨论的其它方式, 如注射、 口服、 鼻腔或肠胃外 给药方式。
治疗方法
根据文献中以及本申请下面描述的测试, 式 I化合物具有抗血小板聚集作 用, 这些测试结果被认为与人体或其它动物体内的药物活性相关。 因此, 在进 一步的实施方案中, 本发明涉及使用结构式 I或包含它的药物组合物来治疗患 有或易患可用抗血小板聚集剂来改善的病症的患者。 例如, 式 I化合物用于治 疗血栓栓塞性疾病, 如心肌梗死、 脑血栓形成、 深静脉血栓形成、 脑栓塞、 肺 栓塞和其它血栓栓塞性疾病、 关节炎、 类风湿性关节炎、 类风湿性脊椎炎、 痛 风性关节炎、 创伤性关节炎、 风疹性关节炎、 牛皮癣关节炎、 血管神经性头痛。
依照本发明另一个特点, 提供了治疗方法, 可用于治疗患有或易患可用抗 血小板聚集剂来改善的病症 (如上文所述的病症) 的人类或动物患者, 该方法 包括给患者施用冶疗有效量的本发明的化合物或含有本发明的化合物的药物组 此外, 本发明涵盖治疗患有血管神经性头痛的患者的方法, 包括对患者 施用本发明的化合物和选自以下化合物的第二化合物: β2肾上腺素能激动 剂、 抗胆碱能剂、 钙拮抗剂。 在这样组合治疗方法中, 本发明的化合物可在 第二化合物之前施用, 本发明的化合物可在第二化合物施用后施用, 或者本 发明的化合物和第一化合物也可同时施用。
给药模式
根据本发明, 式 I化合物或包含该化合物的药物组合物可以肠胃外、 经直 肠方式对患者施用。 口服给药
此处考虑的用法是口服固体剂型, Remington' S Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed. l990(Mack Publishing Co. , Easton, PA 18042)第 89章对口服固体剂型作了一 般说明, 该内容此处通过引用而并入本申请。 固体剂型包括片剂、 胶囊、 丸剂、 锭剂、 扁囊剂或小丸剂。 另外, 脂质体或类蛋白包囊也可用来配制本发明组合 物(如美国第 4, 925, 673 号专利中报导的类蛋白微球体)。也可用脂质体包囊, 脂质体可用各种聚合物(如美国第 5,013,556号专利)衍生。 Marshall,K (In:Modern Pharmaceutics Edited by G.S.Banker and C- T.Rhodes Chapter 10, 1979) 介绍了用 于治疗的可的固体剂型, 此处通过引用而该文并入本申请。 一般来说, 制剂将 包括本发明的化合物和在胃环境下保护化合物的惰性成份, 并在肠内释放生物 活性物质, 即本发明的化合物。
还特别地涵盖本发明化合物的口服剂型。 可将该化合物化学修饰, 使得口 服递送更有效。 一般而言, 预期的化学修饰是给该组分的分子本身增添至少一 个附加部分, 该附加部分可使该药物 (a) 抑制蛋白水解; 和 (b)从胃或肠道吸收 到血液中。 同时, 还需要提高本发明化合物的总体稳定性, 延长其在体内的循 环时间。 此类附加部分的实例包括: 聚乙二醇、 乙二醇和丙二醇的共聚物、 羧 甲基纤维素、右旋糖酐、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯垸酮和聚脯氨酸。参阅 Abuchowski 禾口 Davis, 1981, Soluble Polymer-Enzyme Adducts,Enzymes as Drugs,Hocenberg禾口 Roberts编辑, Wiley-Interscience,New York,367-38 3页; Newmark et al. , 1982, J.Appl.Biochem.4: 185-189。 可以使用的其它聚合物有聚 -1, 3-二氧戊环和聚 -1, 3, 6-三氧辛环 (poly-l,3,6-tioxocane)。 对于上述的药物用途, 聚乙二醇附加部分 是优选的。
本发明化合物在体内的释放部位可以是胃、 小肠 (十二指肠、 空肠或回肠) 或大肠。 本领域技术人员可提供在胃中不溶解, 而在十二指肠或肠的其它部位 释放药物的制剂。 优选的是, 通过保护本发明化合物或者使所述化合物在胃部 环境以外 (例如在肠内) 释放, 在释放时可避免胃部环境的有害作用。
为了保证对曾的充分抵抗能力, 必须采用至少能抵抗 pH值 5.0的包衣。 用 作肠溶包衣的较常用的惰性成分的实例为乙酸偏苯三酸纤维素 (cellulose acetate trimellitate, CAT )、羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯 (HP CP)、 HPMCP 50、 HPMCP 55、 聚醋酸乙烯邻苯二甲酸酯 (PVAP)、 Eudragit L30D, Aquateric、 乙酸邻苯二 甲酸纤维素 (CAP)、 Eudragit L、 Eudragit S和虫胶。 这些包衣可按混合膜的形式 使用。
对于不意在抵抗胃部环境的片剂也可使用包衣, 或包衣混合物。 这种情况 可包括糖衣或者使片剂较易于吞咽的包衣。 对于干药物 (即粉末) 的递送, 胶 囊可包含硬壳 (例如明胶): 对于液体形式, 可使用软明胶外壳。 扁囊剂的外壳 材料可以是稠淀粉或其它可食用纸。 对手丸剂、 锭剂、 模制片或模印片, 可使 用湿块化技术 (moist massing techniques)。
药物可以制成粒度约 1毫米的颗粒或小粒, 以微细多颗粒形式包含在所 述制剂内。 用于胶囊给药的材料的制剂也可以为粉末剂、 略经压縮的填料 (lightly compressed plugs), 或者甚至片剂。 所述药物可通过压縮制备。
也可包含着色剂和矫味剂。 例如, 可以先配制本发明化合物 (例如采用 脂质体或微球体包囊), 然后, 再将其包含在可食用的产品(例如, 含着色剂 和矫味剂的冷冻饮料) 内。
可用惰性材料来稀释或增加药物的体积。 这些稀释剂可包括碳水化合物, 尤其是甘露糖醇、 α-乳糖、 无水乳糖、 纤维素、 蔗糖、 改性右旋糖酐和淀粉。也 可使用某些无机盐 (包括三憐酸钙、 碳酸镁和氯化钠) 作为填料。 m些市售的 稀释剂为 Fast-Flo、 Emdex、 STA-Rx 1500、 Emcompress和 Avicell。
可在药物制剂中加入崩解剂, 以形成固体剂型。 用作崩解剂的材料包括但 不限于淀粉, 包括基于淀粉的市售崩解剂 Explotab。 淀粉羟乙酸钠、 安伯莱特 (Amloerlite), 羧甲基纤维素钠、 ultramylopectin藻酸钠、 明胶、 橙皮、 酸性羧甲 基纤维素、 天然海绵和膨润土都可以使用。 另一种形式的崩解剂是不溶性阳离 子交换树脂。 可使用粉末状树胶作为崩解剂和粘合剂, 所述崩解剂和粘合剂可 包括粉末状树胶如琼脂、 卡拉牙胶或黄蓍胶。 也可使用藻酸及其钠盐作为崩解 剂。
可以使用粘合剂粘住药物, 以形成硬质片剂, 粘合剂包括来自于天然产物 的材料如阿拉伯胶、 黄蓍胶、 淀粉和明胶。 其它粘合剂包括甲基纤维素 (MC)、 乙基纤维素(EC)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。 可在醇溶液中使用聚乙烯吡咯垸酮 (PVP) 和羟基丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC), 以使药物成粒状。
可在药物制剂中加入抗磨剂anti-frictional agent) ,以防在配制过程中发生粘 附。 可使用润滑剂作为在药物和模具壁之间的层, 这些润滑剂可包括但不限于 硬脂酸 (包括其镁盐和钙盐)、 聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE)、 液体石蜡、 植物油和蜡。 也 可以使用可溶性润滑剂, 例如月桂基硫酸钠、 月桂基硫酸镁、 各种分子量的聚 乙二醇、 Carbowax 4000和 6000。
可加入助流剂, 它们在配制过程中可改善药物的流动性, 有助于在压制过 程中的重排。 助流剂可包括淀粉、 滑石、 热解硅胶和水化硅铝酸钙 (hydmted silicoaluminate )。
为了有助于药物在含水环境中溶解, 可加入表面活性剂作为湿润剂。 表面 活性剂可包括阴离子洗涤剂, 例如月桂基硫酸钠、 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠 (dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate)和二辛基磺酸钠。 也可以使用阳离子洗涤剂, 可包括苯扎 氯铵或苄索氯铵。 在制剂中可用作表面活性剂的有效非离子洗涤剂为聚桂醇
400、 聚氧乙烯 (40 )硬脂酸酯 (polyoxyl 40 stearate)、 聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油 10、 50 和 60、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 聚山梨醇酯 40、 60、 65和 80、 蔗糖脂肪酸酯、 甲基 纤维素和羧甲基纤维素。 这些表面活性剂可单独地或以不同比率的混合物存在 于本发明化合物的制剂中。
有可能增强本发明化合物的吸收的添加剂为例如脂肪酸、 油酸、 亚油酸和 亚麻酸。 控释口服制剂可为理想的。 可将药物结合到允许通过扩散或浸出机理 释放的惰性基质 (例如树胶) 中。 也可在制剂中加入缓慢退化的基质。 一些肠 溶包衣也具有延缓释放的作用。
这种药物的另一种控释形式是通过基于 Oros药物体系的方法 (Alza公司), 即将药物包封在半渗透膜内, 此膜可使水进入, 并由于渗透作用而经过单一开 口排出药物。
其他包衣也可用于所述制剂。 它们包括可在包衣盘内涂覆的各种糖。 治疗 剂也可采取薄膜包衣片剂的形式, 用于这种形式的材料可分为两类。 第一类是 非肠溶材料, 包括甲基纤维素、 乙基纤维素、 羟乙基纤维素、 甲基羟乙基纤维 素、 羟丙基纤维素、 羟丙基-甲基纤维素、 羧基甲基纤维素钠、 聚维酮和聚乙二 醇。 第二类由肠溶材料组成, 它们一般是邻苯二甲酸酯。
可使用各材料的混合物, 以提供最佳薄膜包衣。 薄膜包衣可在盘包衣机 中或在流化床内实现, 或通过压縮包衣实现。
直肠给药
直肠给药的固体组合物包括按照已知方法配制并含有本发明化合物的栓 剂。 本发明药物组合物中的活性成分的百分比是可以变化的, 其构成比例应达 到适用的剂量。 显然, 几种单位剂型可几乎同时给药。 采用的剂量将由医生决 定, 并取决于所需的治疗效果、 给药途径、 治疗持续时间和患者的病症。 成人 剂量, 若为口服, 则按每公斤体重计算, 每天约为 0.01-100 mg, 优选为 0.1-70 mg, 更优选为 0.5-10 mg ; 若为静脉给药, 按每公斤体重计算, 每天约为 0.001-10 mg, 优选为 0.001-1 mg。 在每种具体情况中, 剂量应根据治疗对象的个体因素而 确定, 例如年龄、 体重、 总的健康状况以及可影响医药产品功效的其它特征。
此外, 为了达到所需的疗效, 可根据需要而频繁地使用本发明化合物。 有 些患者对剂量高低的反应非常迅速, 可采用低得多的维持剂量。 对于其它患者, 按照每个具体患者的生理要求, 以每天 1至 4剂进行长期治疗可为必需的。 通 常, 该活性产品可以每天口服给药 I至 4次。 当然, 对于某些患者而言, 处方量 应不超过每天 1剂或 2剂。
自然, 本发明化合物作为一种有效的治疗药物, 优选是用于人类, 但也可 用于动物。 因此, 本领域技术人员可以很容易地理解, 本发明的方法和药物组 合物具体地适合给药于任何动物, 具体为哺乳动物, 其中包括但不限于诸如猫 科或犬科之类的家畜, 诸如 (但不限于) 牛、 马、 山羊、 绵羊和猪之类的农畜, 野生动物 (不管是处于野生环境还是动物园环境, 诸如小鼠、 大鼠、 兔、 山羊、 绵羊、 猪、 狗、 猫之类的研究动物, 诸如鸡、 火鸡、 鸣禽之类的禽类, 即, 用 于兽医用途。
制备法细节
式 I化合物可通过应用或改进己知的方法来制备, 这些方法是指迄今为止 所使用的或文献中所述的方法, 例如 R.C丄 arock在 Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publishers, 1989中所述的, 或如本申请所述的那些方法。 在下述反应中, 可能有必要保护某些反应官能团, 例如羟基, 以避免其不 希望地参与反应。可以根据标准的规程使用常规保护基,例如可参阅 T.W.Greene 禾口 RG.MWuts的 Protective Grooups in Organic Chemistry, John Wi ley and Sons, 1991 。
实施例
本发明的各个方面、 特点和优点将通过以下的具体实施例而达到更好的 理解。 提供该详细叙述仅是为了说明的目的, 并非旨在限制本发明。
实施例 1 : 2 - (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -9 -甲基 -3 -氧杂 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3丄 02·4]壬垸 -7- 酯的制备
2 - (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -9 -甲基 -3 -氧杂 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3丄 02·4]壬垸 -7-酯主要通 过下列反应制得:
Figure imgf000017_0001
在 500ml三口烧瓶中加入 155g 9-甲基 -3-氧代 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3.1.02.4]壬 烧 -7-醇, 然后加入 150ml甲苯, 再加入 150mlDAPT (2S)-N-[N-(3, 5-二氟苯 乙酰基) -L-丙氨酰 ]-2-苯基甘氨酸叔丁酯, 再加入 180g2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 搅拌,水浴加热 50°C搅拌反应,反应 8个小时后冷却,冷却到室温以后分层, 分层除去 DAPT层后减压浓縮, 浓縮后得固体 280.7g收率 88.5% , 粗品于 800ml乙酸乙酯中精制, 得固体 214.5g, 收率 76.4%。 HPLC含量 98.3%。熔 点: 236.35 °C
Figure imgf000017_0002
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000018_0002
CDC TMS): 51.89(q 4H), 52.06(s 3H), 52.25(s 3H), 52.57(m 2H), 52.76(q 2H), 53.98(t 1H), 57.17(d 2H), 57.45(d 1H), 57.98(d 1H);MS 316(M+1 100%)
实施例 2:
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯的制备
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯主要通过下列反 制得:
第一步反应:
Figure imgf000018_0003
以内 -1H-吲哚 -3-羧酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛 -3-基酯盐酸盐水解制 得, 在 1000ml的三口烧瓶中加入 500ml二氯甲垸, 加入 321g内 -1H-吲哚 -3- 羧酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛 -3-基酯盐酸盐, 在缓慢加入 220ml40%的 NaOH溶液, 然后水浴加热搅拌反应, 温度设置在 50~70°C, 反应 5个小时 之后, 撤掉水浴锅室温搅拌, 搅拌待温度降到室温后将溶液倒入分液漏斗中 静置分层, 分出有机层后, 再倒入 400ml二氯甲垸搅拌 15分钟后静置分层, 分液后合并二氯甲垸层进行减压浓縮,浓縮完毕后得固体 120g,收率 85.1%。
Figure imgf000019_0001
在 1000ml三口瓶中加入 170g 2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸, 然后缓慢加 500g 二氯亚砜,再加 20个小时, 减压浓縮后加入 400ml二氯甲垸溶解, 然后再缓慢加入 llOg中间体 I, 搅拌反应 24个小时, 待反应完全后, 加入 10%NaHCO3溶液调成中性, 再加入 200ml纯化水搅拌 20分钟后静置分层, 分出水相后, 减压蒸出二氯甲垸后得固体 207.5g, 收率 87.9%, 粗品于 700ml乙酸乙酯中精制, 得固体 163.8g, 收率 78.9%。 HPLC
99.1%。 熔点: 204.04 °C。
Figure imgf000019_0002
Figure imgf000019_0003
Figure imgf000019_0004
CDCWTMS): 51.54(m 4H), 51.87(q 4H), 52.06(s 3H), 52.25(m 2H), 52.29(s 3H), 53.98(t 1H), 57.19(d 2H), 57.45(d 1H), 57.94(d 1H);MS 302(M+1 100%)
实施例 3:
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -6 -羟基 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯的制备 2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -6 -羟基 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯主要通 过下列反应制得:
Figure imgf000020_0001
在 500ml三口烧瓶中加入 155g 9-甲基 -3-氧代 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3丄 02·4]壬垸 -7-11, 然后加入 150ml甲苯, 再加入 150mlDAPT (2S)-N-[N-(3, 5-二氟苯乙 酰基) -L-丙氨酰 ]-2-苯基甘氨酸叔丁酯, 再加入 180g2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸搅 拌, 水浴加热 50°C搅拌反应, 反应 8个小时后冷却, 冷却到室温以后分层, 分层除去 DAPT层后减压浓縮, 浓縮后得固体 280.7g, 收率 85.1%。
第二
Figure imgf000020_0002
在 1000ml三口烧瓶中加入 260g中间体 I, 然后加入 400mlDMF, 再 入 25gNaH, 维持温度 30°C搅拌反应, 反应 6小时。
Figure imgf000020_0003
于第二 .应的溶液中, 搅拌下缓慢滴加 10%的冰醋酸水溶液 600ml, 滴力 1 ]完:毕毕后后,, 室温搅拌 3个小时, 然后用 1000ml氯仿萃取 3次, 合并有机 层层,, 减减压压浓浓縮, 得固体 204g。 收率 78.1%, HPLC含量 98.9%。 熔点: 228.62
°c
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0002
Ή-ΝΜΚ(500Ηζ, CDCb/TMS): 51.71(q 2H), 51.88(q 4H), 51.94(br 1H),
52.05(s 3H), 52.26(t 1H), 52.31(m 1H), 53.31(m 1H), 53.97(t 1H), 57.17(d 2H), 57.4 l(d 1H), 57.93(d 1H);MS 318(M+1 100%)
实施例 4: 2,2-二 (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3,6-二酯 制备
2,2-二 (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3,6-二酯主要通 过下列反应制得:
第一步反应:
Figure imgf000021_0003
在 500ml的三口烧瓶中加入 280ml二氯甲烷,加入 200 ± 6 籽某 - laH, 5aH -托垸 - 3a -醇托品酸酯, 在缓慢加入 100ml40%的 NaOH溶液, 然后水浴 加热搅拌反应, 温度设置在 60~80°C, 反应 5个小时之后, 撤掉水浴锅, 室温搅 拌, 搅拌待温度降到室温后, 将溶液倒入分液漏斗中静置分层, 分出有机层后, 再倒入 200ml二氯甲垸搅拌, 15分钟后静置分层, 分液后, 合并二氯甲垸层进 行减压浓縮, 浓縮完毕后得固体 90g, 收率 91.7%。
Figure imgf000022_0001
在 1000ml三口瓶中加入 240g2- (乙酰氧基) 苯甲酸, 然后缓慢加 500g二 氯亚砜,再加 10mlDMF,60~80°C热水浴搅拌 20个小时, 减压浓縮后加入 400ml 二氯甲垸溶解, 然后再缓慢加入 90g中间体 I, 搅拌反应 24个小时, 待反应完 全后, 加入 10%NaHCO3溶液调成中性, 再加入 200ml纯化水搅拌 20分钟后静 置分层, 分出水相后, 减压蒸出二氯甲垸后得固体 187.6g, 收率 62.3%。粗品于 500ml乙酸乙酯中精制, 得固体 153.6g, 收率 81.8%。 HPLC含量 98.7%。 熔点: 405.83 °C
Figure imgf000022_0002
Figure imgf000023_0001
!H-NMRCSOOHz, CDCb/TMS): 51.86(q 4H), 51.97(q 2H), 52.09(s 6H), 52.25(m 1H), 52.28(s 3H), 52.85(m 1H), 53.95(t 1H), 54.07(m 1H), 57.16(d 4H), 57.42(d 2H), 57.93(d 2H);MS 480(M+1 100%)
生物活性测定
本研究通过观察大肠杆菌内毒素体外诱生昆明小鼠单核细胞分泌血栓素 A2, 以及本发明化合物对血栓素分泌量的影响。 验证本发明的各化合物对血小 板活性物质的抑制。
内毒素 (大肠杆菌内毒素)作为一种重要的致炎因子, 在感染性疾病、 血栓形 成性疾病中起重要作用, 其能刺激各种致组织细胞损伤的因子产生, 血栓素 A2 就是其中比较重要的一个因子。 血栓素 B2 是血栓素 A2重要的代谢产物, 因其在 体内半衰期短, 故血栓素 可反映其水平。 血栓素 A2 的生成起始于单核细胞或 巨噬细胞或血小板膜上的憐脂中的花生四烯酸, 最后在血栓素合成酶的作用下 生成血栓素 A2, 随后分解为血栓素 B2, 它的形成调节血小板的变形、 粘附、 聚 集和颗粒的分泌, 同时还参与炎症反应、 血管收縮、 细胞损伤、 免疫调控等一 系列的生物学效应。
材料和方法
设计: 完全随机分组设计, 随机对照的动物实验。
材料: 实验纳入雄性昆明小鼠 36只, 普通级, 普通饲养环境。 实验动物分 组: 随机分为 6 组, 每组 6 只, 分别为正常对照组、 模型对照组、 实施例一组、 实施例二组、 实施例三组, 实施例四组。
方法: 小鼠外周血单核细胞分离及与实施例化合物混合培养: 昆明小鼠 36 只麻醉下摘眼球取血, 肝素抗凝, 以 Hanks 液稀释 1倍, 于离心管中加入淋巴细 胞分离液(比重 1.077 ),再沿管壁缓慢加入 2倍体积之上述稀释全血, 2000r/min, 离心 20min, 位于分离液与稀释血浆之间薄薄的白色层带即为单个核细胞, 将吸 管缓缓插到界面, 轻轻吸出单个核细胞, 放入离心管中, 以 Hanks 液洗 2次, 最 后用 RPMI-1640(含 100g/L小牛血清, 以下简称为完全 1640)混悬,置玻璃平皿中, 37°C, 体积分数 0.05二氧化碳培养箱内培养 4h, 吸弃上清及游离细胞, 重新加入 完全 1640混悬, 重复上述操作 1次, 所剩贴壁细胞即为单核细胞 (90%)。 以完全 1640制成细胞数为 I X 109! 1混悬液, Trypan Blue 染色鉴定活细胞数 > 98%。 分 置 24 孔培养板中, 每孔 0.5ml。 6组单核细胞进行如下处理: 正常对照组每孔加 完全 1640 0.5ml; 模型对照组同样每孔加完全 1640 0.5ml; 实施例一组加浓度 为 5mg/l实施例一化合物 0.5ml、实施例二组加浓度为 5mg/l实施例二化合物 0.5ml、 实施例三组加浓度为 5mg/l实施例三化合物 0.5ml、 实施例四组加浓度为 5mg/l实 施例四化合物 0.5ml。最后使每孔终体积均为 lml。另取两个 24孔培养板, 每孔只 加单核细胞悬液 lml。
内毒素活化单核细胞:上述分离之单核细胞培养 3d后换液 1 次,除正常对照 组外, 将 10mg/l 的大肠杆菌内毒素 ΙΟμΙ加入其余 5组, 共育 2h; 同时取只加单 核细胞悬液的后两板,每组加大肠杆菌内毒素浓度分别为 0.01、 0.1、 1、 10、 100、 400mg/l, 各 ΙΟμΙ, 共育 2h。
以上所有操作均为每一相同条件下 (即每组)设 6个平行孔, 大肠杆菌内毒素 为终浓度。
实验结束后,收集培养板各孔中的上清液, -20°C保存,待严格按血栓素 B2试 剂盒说明书行放免分析法测定。
主要观察指标: 不同实施例化合物对同一浓度大肠杆菌内毒素刺激的血栓 素 A2分泌量的影响。 结果
不同实施例化合物均能显著抑制血栓素 A2的分泌。
Figure imgf000025_0001
*与正常对照组比较, PO.01 ; **与模型对照组比较, PO.01
本实验结果表明, 实施例化合物均能显著抑制血栓素 A2的分泌 (P<0.01)。

Claims

1.一种多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物, 其特征在于: 由通式 I所 的化合物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂物
Figure imgf000026_0001
在每种情况下, 每个取代基 、 选自氢原子或 C^Cs的直链或支链垸 烃、 羟基、 乙酰氧基、 乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, R3为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物, 其特 征在于: 所述由通式 I所示的化合物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂物中 为 -(CH2)nH, n为 1~5。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的一种多取代的 8-氮杂环【3.2.1】辛垸化合物, 其特征在于: 所述由通式 I所示的化合物或其药用盐或其水合物或溶剂物中 为氢原子、 羟基和乙酰氧基苯甲酰基。
4.根据权利要求 1至 3的化合物, 其特征在于: 所述 、 R2 、 R3
!^为甲基, R2氢原子, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
!^为乙基, R2氢原子, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
Ri为丙基, R2氢原子, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
^为丁基, R2氢原子, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
1^为甲基, R2羟基, R 3为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基; !^为乙基, R2羟基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
Ri为丙基, R2羟基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
^为丁基, R2羟基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
1^为甲基, R2乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
!^为乙基, R2乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
Ri为丙基, R2乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基;
^为丁基, R2乙酰氧基苯甲酰基, 为乙酰氧基苯甲酰基的任一组合。
5.根据权利要求 1至 4的化合物, 其特征在于: 所述化合物选自
2 - (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -9 -甲基 -3 -氧杂 -9-氮杂三环 [3.3丄 02·4]壬垸 -7-酯
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -6 -羟基 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯
2- (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8 -氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3-酯
2,2-二 (乙酰氧基)苯甲酸 -8-甲基 -8-氮杂双环 [3.2.1]辛垸 -3,6-二酯中任一化合
6.用于同权利要求 1的化合物组合的第二化合物, 其特征在于: 所述第二化 合物选自 β2肾上腺素能激动剂、 抗胆碱能剂、 抗血小板聚集药物, 用于对患者 施用治疗有效量的方法。
7.用于包含治疗有效量的权利要求 1的化合物, 其特征在于: 包含权利要求 1的化合物及其药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
8.根据权利要求 7的组合物, 其特征在于: 进一步包含治疗有效量的选自以 下的第二化合物 β2肾上腺素能激动剂、 抗胆碱能剂、 抗血小板聚集剂以及抗炎 剂。
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