WO2014002303A1 - はんだ合金、ソルダペーストおよび電子回路基板 - Google Patents
はんだ合金、ソルダペーストおよび電子回路基板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014002303A1 WO2014002303A1 PCT/JP2012/079847 JP2012079847W WO2014002303A1 WO 2014002303 A1 WO2014002303 A1 WO 2014002303A1 JP 2012079847 W JP2012079847 W JP 2012079847W WO 2014002303 A1 WO2014002303 A1 WO 2014002303A1
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- mass
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
- C22C13/02—Alloys based on tin with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3463—Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solder alloy, a solder paste, and an electronic circuit board. More specifically, the present invention relates to a tin-silver-copper solder alloy, a solder paste containing the solder alloy, and an electronic circuit board obtained using the solder paste. About.
- solder bonding using a solder paste is employed for metal bonding in electrical / electronic devices, and a solder alloy containing lead is conventionally used for such solder paste.
- solder alloys for example, tin-copper alloys, tin-silver-copper alloys, tin-bismuth alloys, tin-zinc alloys, etc. are well known. Silver-copper alloys are widely used because of their excellent strength.
- the silver contained in the tin-silver-copper alloy is very expensive, it is required to reduce the silver content from the viewpoint of cost reduction. However, simply reducing the silver content is inferior in fatigue resistance (especially, thermal fatigue resistance) and may cause poor connection.
- tin-silver-copper alloy is required to have a good balance between strength and extensibility and an appropriate melting point.
- tin-silver-copper alloys having a reduced silver content include, for example, 0.05 to 2.0% by mass of silver and 1.0% by mass of copper. % Or less, antimony is 3.0 mass% or less, bismuth is 2.0 mass% or less, indium is 4.0 mass% or less, nickel is 0.2 mass% or less, germanium is 0.1 mass% or less, cobalt is A low silver solder alloy containing 0.5% by mass or less and the balance being made of tin has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).
- solder alloy is further required to improve wettability and suppress voids (voids).
- the low silver solder alloy described in Patent Document 1 may not have sufficient wettability or may have insufficient suppression of voids (voids).
- the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the silver content, reduce costs, ensure excellent wettability, and further suppress the generation of voids (voids), It is providing the solder paste containing a solder alloy, and the electronic circuit board obtained using the solder paste.
- the solder alloy of the present invention is a tin-silver-copper solder alloy containing tin, silver, copper, nickel, antimony, bismuth and indium, and substantially free of germanium.
- the silver content is more than 0.05% and less than 0.2% by mass, and the antimony content is 0.01% to less than 2.5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the alloy. It is characterized by being.
- the content ratio of the bismuth is 0.1% by mass or more and 3.1% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy.
- the mass ratio (Bi / Sb) of the bismuth content to the antimony content is 5 or more and 45 or less.
- the indium content is 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy.
- a mass ratio (In / Sb) of the indium content to the antimony content is 0.5 or more and 15 or less.
- a mass ratio (In / Bi) of the indium content to the bismuth content is 0.004 or more and 0.6 or less.
- the copper content is 0.1% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy, and the nickel content is 0.01% by mass. It is preferable that the mass ratio (Cu / Ni) of the copper content to the nickel content is less than 12.5.
- solder alloy of the present invention further contains cobalt, and the content ratio of the cobalt is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and 0.005% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. is there.
- solder paste of the present invention is characterized by containing a solder powder made of the above solder alloy and a flux.
- the electronic circuit board of the present invention is characterized by including a soldered portion by the above solder paste.
- the silver content is more than 0.05% by mass and less than 0.2% by mass, so that the cost can be reduced.
- the solder alloy of the present invention contains tin, silver, copper, nickel, antimony, bismuth and indium, but does not substantially contain germanium which is easily oxidized, and the antimony content is 0.00. It is 01 mass% or more and less than 2.5 mass%. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the formation of oxides in the solder alloy, thereby suppressing the generation of voids (voids), and fatigue resistance (particularly, resistance to solder joints). Cold fatigue) and solder wettability can be secured.
- solder paste of this invention contains the solder alloy of this invention, while being able to achieve cost reduction, it can ensure the outstanding wettability and also suppress generation
- solder paste of the present invention is used for soldering the electronic circuit board of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost and ensure excellent connection reliability.
- the solder alloy of the present invention is a tin-silver-copper-based solder alloy containing substantially no germanium and containing tin, silver, copper, nickel, antimony, bismuth and indium as essential components. ing.
- germanium is not substantially contained means that germanium is not actively mixed, and the inclusion of germanium as an inevitably mixed impurity is allowed.
- the content ratio of tin is the remaining ratio of each component described later, and is appropriately set according to the blending amount of each component.
- the silver content is more than 0.05% by mass, preferably 0.08% by mass or more, less than 0.2% by mass, preferably 0.18% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the solder alloy. It is.
- the solder alloy of the present invention has a silver content set in the above range, so that the cost can be reduced.
- the content ratio of other metals is set in the range described later, even if the silver content ratio in the solder alloy is set as small as described above, excellent bonding strength, wettability, and impact resistance In addition, fatigue resistance can be ensured.
- the effect (erosion resistance) by the copper mentioned later can be expressed effectively by setting the content rate of silver small as mentioned above.
- the bonding strength is inferior or the effect of copper (erosion resistance) described later is inhibited.
- the silver content is not less than the above upper limit, the cost reduction effect of the solder alloy is reduced.
- the cobalt mentioned later is mix
- the content ratio of copper is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.3% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the solder alloy. 5% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.8% by mass or less.
- the corrosion resistance when the copper content is less than the above lower limit, the corrosion resistance may be inferior. Moreover, when the content rate of copper exceeds the said upper limit, it may be inferior to fatigue resistance (especially cold-heat fatigue resistance), and may be inferior to joint strength.
- the content ratio of nickel is, for example, 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.03% by mass or more, for example, 1% by mass or less, preferably 0.2% by mass with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. Hereinafter, it is more preferably 0.1% by mass or less.
- the crystal structure can be refined, and the strength and fatigue resistance (especially, thermal fatigue resistance) can be improved.
- the strength and fatigue resistance when the nickel content is less than the above lower limit, the strength and fatigue resistance (particularly, thermal fatigue resistance) may be inferior. Further, even when the nickel content exceeds the above upper limit, the strength and fatigue resistance (particularly, cold heat fatigue resistance) may be inferior.
- the mass ratio (Cu / Ni) of the copper content to the nickel content is, for example, less than 25, preferably less than 12.5, more preferably 12 or less, and usually 5 or more.
- the bonding strength may be inferior.
- the mass ratio (Cu / Ni) of nickel and copper is not less than the above upper limit, the bonding strength may be inferior.
- the content ratio of antimony is 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.06% by mass or more, and less than 2.5% by mass, preferably 1.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the solder alloy. More preferably, it is 0.6 mass% or less.
- the content ratio of antimony is within the above range, excellent heat resistance and bonding strength can be ensured. Furthermore, antimony is dissolved in tin to increase the strength of the solder alloy, and fatigue resistance (especially , Improvement in cold heat fatigue resistance) can be achieved. Moreover, when using in a solder paste so that it may mention later, the outstanding solder wettability and fatigue resistance can be ensured, and also generation
- the content ratio of antimony is less than the above lower limit, the bonding strength and fatigue resistance (particularly, thermal fatigue resistance) are inferior, and voids are easily generated. Further, when the content ratio of antimony is equal to or more than the above upper limit, there are problems that wettability, bonding strength and fatigue resistance (especially, thermal fatigue resistance) are inferior, and voids are easily generated.
- the content ratio of bismuth is, for example, 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. %, For example, 4% by mass or less, preferably 3.5% by mass or less, more preferably 3.1% by mass or less, and still more preferably 2.8% by mass or less.
- the bonding strength may be inferior and the melting point may be too high. Moreover, when the content rate of bismuth exceeds the said upper limit, joining strength may fall.
- the total of the content ratio of antimony and the content ratio of bismuth is, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.4% by mass or more, and more preferably 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. For example, it is 4.2 mass% or less, preferably 3.1 mass% or less, and more preferably 2.7 mass% or less.
- the bonding strength when the sum of the content ratio of antimony and the content ratio of bismuth is less than the above lower limit, the bonding strength may be inferior. Moreover, when the sum of the content ratio of antimony and the content ratio of bismuth exceeds the above upper limit, the bonding strength may decrease.
- the mass ratio (Bi / Sb) of the bismuth content to the antimony content is, for example, 1 or more, preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, for example, 300 or less, preferably 60 or less, more preferably 45 or less, and particularly preferably 35 or less.
- the bonding strength and wettability may be inferior or voids may be easily generated. Also, when the mass ratio of antimony to bismuth (Bi / Sb) exceeds the above upper limit, the bonding strength may be inferior.
- the content ratio of indium is, for example, 0.005% by mass or more, preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, for example, 2% by mass with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. % Or less, preferably 1% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.8% by mass or less.
- the bonding strength may be inferior.
- the content rate of indium exceeds the said upper limit, it may be inferior to wettability, or it may become easy to generate a void.
- the mass ratio of the indium content to the antimony content is, for example, 0.01 or more, preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more, and still more preferably, 0.5 or more, particularly preferably 1 or more, for example, 100 or less, preferably 25 or less, more preferably 15 or less, and particularly preferably 12 or less.
- the bonding strength and wettability may be inferior or voids may be easily generated. Also, when the mass ratio of antimony to indium (In / Sb) exceeds the above upper limit, the bonding strength and wettability may be inferior, or voids may easily occur.
- the mass ratio (In / Bi) of the indium content to the bismuth content is, for example, 0.002 or more, preferably 0.004 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more. It is 5 or less, preferably 1 or less, and more preferably 0.6 or less.
- the bonding strength and wettability may be inferior or voids may be easily generated.
- the mass ratio of bismuth to indium (In / Bi) exceeds the above upper limit, the bonding strength and wettability may be inferior or voids may be easily generated.
- solder alloy of the present invention can further contain cobalt as an optional component.
- the intermetallic compound layer for example, Sn—Cu, Sn—Co, Sn—Cu—Co, etc.
- the intermetallic compound layer for example, Sn—Cu, Sn—Co, Sn—Cu—Co, etc.
- the cobalt may be strengthened by being dispersed and precipitated in the solder. As a result, when the solder alloy contains cobalt, it may be possible to ensure excellent fatigue resistance and bonding strength.
- the content ratio of cobalt is, for example, 0.001% by mass or more, preferably 0.002% by mass or more, for example, 0.01% by mass or less, preferably 0.005% with respect to the total amount of the solder alloy. It is not more than mass%, more preferably not more than 0.004 mass%.
- the bonding strength can be improved.
- the fatigue resistance when the content ratio of cobalt is less than the above lower limit, the fatigue resistance may be inferior and the joint strength may not be improved. Also, when the cobalt content exceeds the above upper limit, the intermetallic compound layer becomes thick, and the hardness increases and the toughness decreases, so that the fatigue resistance is inferior and the joint strength is improved. May not be possible.
- Such a solder alloy can be obtained by alloying the above-described metal components by a known method such as melting and homogenizing each metal component in a melting furnace.
- the metal component is not particularly limited, but powdered metal is preferably used from the viewpoint of uniform dissolution.
- the average particle size of the metal powder is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 50 ⁇ m as measured with a particle size / particle size distribution measuring device by a laser diffraction method.
- the metal powder used for manufacture of a solder alloy can contain a trace amount impurity (inevitable impurity) in the range which does not inhibit the outstanding effect of this invention.
- the melting point of the solder alloy thus obtained is, for example, 200 ° C. or higher, preferably 220 ° C. or higher. For example, it is 250 ° C. or lower, preferably 240 ° C. or lower.
- the melting point of the solder alloy is within the above range, metal bonding can be performed easily and with good workability when used in solder paste.
- the solder alloy of the present invention has a silver content exceeding 0.05% by mass and less than 0.2% by mass, so that the cost can be reduced.
- the solder alloy of the present invention contains tin, silver, copper, nickel, antimony, bismuth and indium, but does not substantially contain germanium which is easily oxidized, and the antimony content is 0.00. It is 01 mass% or more and less than 2.5 mass%. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the formation of oxides in the solder alloy, thereby suppressing the generation of voids (voids), and fatigue resistance (particularly, resistance to solder joints). Cold fatigue) and solder wettability can be secured.
- the content ratio of antimony is 0.01% by mass or more and less than 2.5% by mass, particularly excellent wettability can be ensured when germanium is not substantially contained. Generation of (void) can be suppressed.
- solder alloy is preferably contained in a solder paste (solder paste bonding material).
- solder paste of the present invention contains the above-described solder alloy and flux.
- the solder alloy is preferably contained as a powder.
- the powder shape is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a substantially perfect spherical shape, for example, a flat block shape, for example, a needle shape, or may be indefinite.
- the powder shape is appropriately set according to the performance (for example, thixotropy and sagging resistance) required for the solder paste.
- the average particle size (in the case of a spherical shape) or the average length in the longitudinal direction (in the case of a non-spherical shape) of the solder alloy powder is measured with a particle size / particle size distribution measuring device by a laser diffraction method, for example, 5 to 50 ⁇ m. It is.
- the flux is not particularly limited, and a known solder flux can be used.
- the flux is, for example, a base resin (rosin, acrylic resin, etc.), an activator (eg, ethylamine, propylamine, etc., an amine hydrohalide, eg, lactic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, etc. Carboxylic acid, etc.), thixotropic agents (cured castor oil, beeswax, carnauba wax, etc.) are the main components, and when the flux is used in liquid form, it can further contain an organic solvent.
- a base resin rosin, acrylic resin, etc.
- an activator eg, ethylamine, propylamine, etc., an amine hydrohalide, eg, lactic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, etc.
- Carboxylic acid, etc. Carboxylic acid, etc.
- thixotropic agents cured castor oil, beeswax, carnauba wax, etc.
- the solder paste can be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned solder alloy powder and the above-mentioned flux by a known method.
- the mixing ratio of solder alloy (powder) and flux is, for example, 70:30 to 90:10 as solder alloy: flux (mass ratio).
- solder paste of this invention contains the solder alloy of this invention, while being able to achieve cost reduction, it can ensure the outstanding wettability and also suppress generation
- the present invention includes an electronic circuit board provided with a soldered portion made of the above solder paste.
- solder paste is suitably used, for example, in soldering (metal bonding) between an electrode of an electronic circuit board such as an electric / electronic device and an electronic component.
- the electronic component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known electronic components such as resistors, diodes, capacitors, and transistors.
- the usage method of the solder alloy of this invention is not limited to the said solder paste,
- it can also be used for manufacture of a flux cored solder joint material.
- the above-described solder alloy is formed into a linear shape using the above-mentioned flux as a core, so that it is possible to obtain a solder joint material. .
- solder joint material is also preferably used in soldering (metal joining) of an electronic circuit board such as an electric / electronic device, like the solder paste.
- Examples 1-41 and Comparative Examples 1-7 Preparation of solder alloy
- the powders of each metal described in Tables 1 to 3 are mixed in the mixing ratios described in Tables 1 to 3, and the obtained metal mixture is melted and homogenized in a melting furnace, and solder is prepared.
- An alloy was prepared.
- the compounding ratio of tin (Sn) in the formulation of each example and each comparative example is as follows. Each metal (silver (Ag), copper (Cu), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), The balance is obtained by subtracting the blending ratio (mass%) of nickel (Ni), indium (In), cobalt (Co), and germanium (Ge).
- the solder alloy of Example 1 is a mixture of Ag, Cu, Bi, Sb, Ni, and In metals in the proportions shown in Table 1, with the balance being Sn.
- Co was further added to the formulation of Example 1.
- Examples 3 to 8 are examples of prescriptions in which the mixing ratio of Bi is changed with respect to the prescription of Example 1.
- Examples 9 and 10 are examples of prescriptions in which the ratio of Sb and the mass ratio Bi / Sb of Bi and Sb were changed with respect to the prescription in Example 4.
- Examples 11 to 16 are examples of prescriptions in which the mixing ratio of In was changed with respect to the prescription of Example 1.
- Examples 17 and 18 are examples of prescriptions in which the mixing ratio of Sb and In and the mass ratio In / Sb of the mixing amount of In and Sb are changed with respect to the prescription of Example 1.
- Examples 19 and 20 are examples of prescriptions in which the mixing ratio of Bi and In and the value of the mass ratio In / Bi of the mixing amount of In and Bi are changed with respect to the prescription of Example 1.
- Example 21 is an example of a formulation in which the compounding ratio of Cu is changed with respect to the formulation of Example 1.
- Examples 22 to 36 are examples of formulations in which Co is further blended with the formulations of Examples 4 to 7, 9 to 10, 12 to 15, and 17 to 21.
- Examples 37 to 39 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are examples of formulations in which the blending ratio of Sb is changed with respect to the formulation of Example 1.
- solder alloys of Examples 40 to 41 and Comparative Example 5 are examples of formulations in which the proportion of Ag is changed with respect to the formulation of Example 1.
- the solder alloy of Comparative Example 1 is an example of a formulation in which Ge is further blended with the formulation of Example 1.
- the solder alloy of Comparative Example 2 is an example of a prescription in which In was not mixed with the prescription of Example 1.
- the solder alloy of Comparative Example 6 is an example of a prescription represented by Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5, which is a standard composition of Sn—Ag—Cu solder.
- the solder alloy of Comparative Example 7 is an example of a prescription in which the mixing ratio of Ag is changed with respect to the prescription of Comparative Example 6.
- solder alloy was pulverized so as to have a particle size of 25 to 38 ⁇ m, and the obtained solder alloy powder was mixed with a known flux to obtain a solder paste.
- solder paste was printed on a printed circuit board for mounting chip components, and the chip components were mounted by a reflow method.
- the printing conditions of the solder paste at the time of mounting, the size of the chip component, and the like were appropriately set according to each evaluation of “joining strength / joining durability”, “solder wettability”, and “void generation” described later.
- solder paste obtained in each Example and each Comparative Example was evaluated according to the following. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5. ⁇ Joint strength> -Initial bonding strength
- the solder paste obtained in each Example and each Comparative Example was printed on a printed circuit board for chip component mounting, and the chip component was mounted by a reflow method. The printed film thickness of the solder paste was adjusted using a metal mask having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m. After the solder paste was printed, a chip component of 3216 size (32 mm ⁇ 16 mm) was mounted on a predetermined position of the printed board and reflowed. The reflow peak temperature was 240 ° C.
- the bond strength of the chip component was measured using a bond tester (manufactured by DAGE) using the printed circuit board on which the chip component was mounted as a test substrate.
- the shear rate of the chip component at the time of measurement was set to 100 ⁇ m / second, and the bonding strength was an average value in a total of 30 test substrates.
- the initial bonding strength is the bonding strength of the chip component when using the solder paste of Comparative Example 6 (the solder alloy composition is Sn96.5-Ag3.0-Cu0.5 (hereinafter referred to as “SAC305”)). Was evaluated relative to the following criteria.
- a + A value larger by 30% or more than the initial bonding strength of Comparative Example 6 was shown, and the initial bonding strength was extremely good.
- Bonding durability (cold heat fatigue resistance) is relatively evaluated based on the following criteria based on the bonding strength of the chip components after 1500 cycles when subjected to a thermal cycle test using the solder paste of Comparative Example 6. did.
- a + A value larger by 30% or more than the bonding strength (after durability test) of Comparative Example 6 was exhibited, and the thermal fatigue resistance was extremely good.
- solder meltability was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- the total number of solder paste printing locations was 20 on one printed circuit board, and the wettability of the solder was evaluated by observing all the printed areas in the printed circuit board.
- the surface state of the solder on the printed circuit board was observed with an X-ray photograph, and the ratio of the total area of voids (area ratio of voids) in the area where the solder was formed was measured.
- the occurrence of voids was evaluated according to the following criteria by calculating the average value of the area ratio of voids in a total of 30 lands in the printed circuit board.
- a + The average value of the void area ratio was 1% or less, and the effect of suppressing the generation of voids was extremely good.
- A The average value of the void area ratio exceeded 1% and was 3% or less, and the effect of suppressing void generation was good.
- a + Very good (14 points or more)
- A- Almost good (11 points or more, with evaluation “B” but not evaluation “C")
- solder alloy and the solder paste of the present invention are used in an electronic circuit board used for an electric / electronic device or the like.
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Abstract
Description
・はんだ合金の調製
表1~3に記載の各金属の粉末を、表1~3に記載の配合割合でそれぞれ混合し、得られた金属混合物を溶解炉にて溶解および均一化させて、はんだ合金を調製した。各実施例および各比較例の配合処方におけるスズ(Sn)の配合割合は、表1~3に記載の各金属(銀(Ag)、銅(Cu)、ビスマス(Bi)、アンチモン(Sb)、ニッケル(Ni)、インジウム(In)、コバルト(Co)およびゲルマニウム(Ge))の配合割合(質量%)を差し引いた残部である。
得られたはんだ合金を、粒径が25~38μmとなるように粉末化し、得られたはんだ合金の粉末と、公知のフラックスとを混合して、ソルダペーストを得た。
得られたソルダペーストをチップ部品搭載用のプリント基板に印刷して、リフロー法によりチップ部品を実装した。実装時のソルダペーストの印刷条件、チップ部品のサイズ等については、後述する「接合強度・接合耐久性」、「はんだぬれ性」および「ボイド発生」の各評価に応じて適宜設定した。
各実施例および各比較例において得られたソルダペーストを、下記に従って評価した。その結果を、表4および表5に示す。
<接合強度>
・初期接合強度
各実施例および各比較例において得られたソルダペーストを、チップ部品搭載用プリント基板に印刷して、リフロー法によりチップ部品を実装した。ソルダペーストの印刷膜厚は、厚さ150μmのメタルマスクを用いて調整した。ソルダペーストの印刷後、3216サイズ(32mm×16mm)のチップ部品を上記プリント基板の所定位置に搭載してリフローした。リフローのピーク温度は240℃とした。
・接合耐久性(耐冷熱疲労性)
初期接合強度の測定に用いたものと同様の試験基板を、冷熱サイクル試験に供した。冷熱サイクル試験では、試験基板を冷熱サイクル槽に設置した後、-40℃の環境下で30分間保持し、次いで125℃の環境下で30分間保持するという一連の操作を1500サイクル繰り返した。1500サイクル経過後(耐久試験後)のチップ部品の接合強度は、初期接合強度の場合と同様にして測定し、試験基板の総数30枚における平均値を求めた。
<はんだの濡れ性>
各実施例および各比較例において得られたソルダペーストを、チップ部品搭載用プリント基板に印刷した後、リフロー法によるチップ部品実装時と同等の条件でプリント基板を加熱して、ソルダペースト中のはんだ合金を溶解させた。プリント基板には、0603サイズ(6mm×3mm)のチップ部品の実装を対象とするものを用いた。ソルダペーストの印刷膜厚は、厚さ120μmのメタルマスクを用いて調整した。リフローのピーク温度は240℃とした。
<ボイド発生の抑制効果>
各実施例および各比較例において得られたソルダペーストを、チップ部品搭載用プリント基板に印刷した後、リフロー法によるチップ部品実装時と同等の条件でプリント基板を加熱して、ソルダペースト中のはんだ合金を溶解させた。プリント基板には、2125サイズ(21mm×25mm)のチップ部品の実装を対象とするものを用いた。ソルダペーストの印刷膜厚は、厚さ120μmのメタルマスクを用いて調整した。リフローのピーク温度は240℃とした。
<総合評価>
・評点の算出および総合判定
上記「初期接合強度」、「接合耐久性」、「濡れ性」および「ボイド発生」の各評価について、評価“A+”を4点、評価“A”を3点、評価“B”を2点、および評価“C”を1点として、評点の合計を算出した。次いで、評点の合計に基づいて、各実施例および各比較例のソルダペーストを下記の基準により総合的に評価した。
A: 良好(評点12~13点。但し、評価“B”以下の項目を有しない場合)
A-: 概ね良好(評点11点以上。評価“B”の項目を有するが、評価“C”の項目を有しない場合)
B: 実用上許容(評点8~10点。評価“B”の項目を有するが、評価“C”の項目を有しない場合)
C: 不良(1つでも評価“C”の項目を有する場合)
上述した各実施例および各比較例では、ソルダペーストの評価として、3216サイズ(32mm×16mm)、0603サイズ(6mm×3mm)、および、2125サイズ(21mm×25mm)の各種サイズのチップ部品を実装して、はんだ付部の接合強度等を評価した。また、上述の評価結果より明らかなように、上述の各実施例のソルダペーストを用いることにより、「初期接合強度」、「接合耐久性」、「はんだのぬれ性」および「ボイド発生の抑制効果」のいずれについても良好な結果が得られた。
Claims (10)
- スズ-銀-銅系のはんだ合金であって、
スズ、銀、銅、ニッケル、アンチモン、ビスマスおよびインジウムを含有し、かつ、ゲルマニウムを実質的に含有せず、
前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記銀の含有割合が、0.05質量%を超過し0.2質量%未満であり、
前記アンチモンの含有割合が、0.01質量%以上2.5質量%未満であることを特徴とする、はんだ合金。 - 前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記ビスマスの含有割合が、0.1質量%以上3.1質量%以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。 - 前記アンチモンの含有量に対する、前記ビスマスの含有量の質量比(Bi/Sb)が、5以上45以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記インジウムの含有割合が、0.01質量%以上1質量%以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。 - 前記アンチモンの含有量に対する、前記インジウムの含有量の質量比(In/Sb)が、0.5以上15以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記ビスマスの含有量に対する、前記インジウムの含有量の質量比(In/Bi)が、0.004以上0.6以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記銅の含有割合が、0.1質量%以上1質量%以下であり、
前記ニッケルの含有割合が、0.01質量%以上0.2質量%以下であり、
前記ニッケルの含有量に対する、前記銅の含有量の質量比(Cu/Ni)が、12.5未満である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。 - さらに、コバルトを含有し、
前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、前記コバルトの含有割合が、0.001質量%以上0.005質量%以下である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。 - はんだ合金からなるはんだ粉末と、フラックスとを含有し、
前記はんだ合金は、
スズ-銀-銅系のはんだ合金であって、
スズ、銀、銅、ニッケル、アンチモン、ビスマスおよびインジウムを含有し、かつ、ゲルマニウムを実質的に含有せず、
前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記銀の含有割合が、0.05質量%を超過し0.2質量%未満であり、
前記アンチモンの含有割合が、0.01質量%以上2.5質量%未満である
することを特徴とする、ソルダペースト。 - ソルダペーストによるはんだ付部を備え、
前記ソルダペーストは、はんだ合金からなるはんだ粉末と、フラックスとを含有し、
前記はんだ合金は、
スズ-銀-銅系のはんだ合金であって、
スズ、銀、銅、ニッケル、アンチモン、ビスマスおよびインジウムを含有し、かつ、ゲルマニウムを実質的に含有せず、
前記はんだ合金の総量に対して、
前記銀の含有割合が、0.05質量%を超過し0.2質量%未満であり、
前記アンチモンの含有割合が、0.01質量%以上2.5質量%未満である
ことを特徴とする、電子回路基板。
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US14/410,900 US9221132B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-16 | Solder alloy, solder paste, and electronic circuit board |
KR1020147036502A KR101538286B1 (ko) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-16 | 땜납 합금, 솔더 페이스트 및 전자 회로 기판 |
EP12879957.4A EP2868423B1 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-16 | Solder alloy, solder paste, and electronic circuit board |
CN201280074259.XA CN104487202B (zh) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-16 | 焊锡合金、焊锡膏及电子线路基板 |
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US20150183062A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
KR101538286B1 (ko) | 2015-07-20 |
JP2014008523A (ja) | 2014-01-20 |
US9221132B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
EP2868423A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2868423B1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
CN104487202A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
EP2868423A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
CN104487202B (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
KR20150021961A (ko) | 2015-03-03 |
JP5238088B1 (ja) | 2013-07-17 |
MY154044A (en) | 2015-04-27 |
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