WO2014002262A1 - 直流モータ - Google Patents
直流モータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014002262A1 WO2014002262A1 PCT/JP2012/066741 JP2012066741W WO2014002262A1 WO 2014002262 A1 WO2014002262 A1 WO 2014002262A1 JP 2012066741 W JP2012066741 W JP 2012066741W WO 2014002262 A1 WO2014002262 A1 WO 2014002262A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- commutator
- contact
- outer peripheral
- peripheral surface
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
- H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
- H02K5/148—Slidably supported brushes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a DC motor that supplies power when a brush connected to a power source slides in contact with a rotating commutator.
- a brush that is supplied with a DC current from an external power source comes into contact with the commutator and supplies power to the rotor coil.
- This commutator has a segmented outer peripheral surface, and has a structure in which contact energization between the brush and each segment and energization from each segment to the coil are switched by rotation of the rotor.
- a rectangular parallelepiped brush is urged toward the commutator side and comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator, and slides on the same outer peripheral surface throughout the lifetime. Therefore, the tip shape of the brush wears over time, and changes between the initial state and the entire worn state after aging. Then, in the initial state, when the brush that is in contact with the optimum design point at which the noise level can be reduced most is worn due to aging, the brush comes into contact at a position deviated from the optimum design point, resulting in disturbance of rectification.
- the shape of the brush is recessed on the opposite side of the commutator between the protrusions protruding from the commutator side at both ends in the rotational direction of the rotor.
- the shape has a concave portion.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a DC motor that prevents deterioration of the contact state and improves reduction in motor performance and promotion of brush wear.
- a DC motor includes a commutator that rotates integrally with a rotor around a rotating shaft, a brush that contacts and slides on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator, and an urging force that biases the brush toward the commutator.
- the brush has a shape in which the contact point of the brush with the commutator is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis on the outer peripheral surface in accordance with the shape change due to wear of the end portion contacting the outer peripheral surface of the commutator. is there.
- the contact is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis on the outer peripheral surface in accordance with the shape change due to the wear of the brush end portion that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the commutator, thereby causing deterioration such as surface roughness and fouling.
- the contact point can be moved from the outer peripheral surface region to the outer peripheral surface region where no deterioration has occurred, and deterioration of the contact state can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to provide a direct current motor with improved motor performance and improved brush wear.
- FIG. 1 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the direct-current motor which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rectification
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the modification of the rectification
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the modification of the rectification
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the modification of the rectification
- FIG. 1 A DC motor 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a commutator 3 that is fixed to one end of a rotor 2 and rotates integrally with the rotor 2, a brush 4 that slides on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3, and a brush 4 that is connected to the commutator 3. It has a rectification part comprised from the spring (biasing member) 5 urging
- the brush 4 and the spring 5 are accommodated in a brush holder 6.
- the DC motor 1 has two brushes 4 on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side.
- a direct current supplied from an external power source via the power supply terminal 8 flows into the brush 4 on the positive electrode side via the lead wire 7 and is energized from the brush 4 to the commutator 3, it is rectified by the commutator 3. It is supplied to the coil 9 of the rotor 2.
- a magnetic flux is generated by energizing the coil 9
- a rotational force is generated in the rotor 2 by the action of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 11 fixed to the housing 10
- the rotor 2 and the commutator 3 rotate about the rotation axis X.
- the current flowing through the coil 9 flows from the commutator 3 to the brush 4 on the negative electrode side.
- FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the rectification unit
- FIGS. 2B, 3 and 4 show front views of the rectification unit.
- 2 is an initial state in which the brush 4 is not worn
- FIG. 3 is a contact displacement state in which the brush 4 is worn to the stepped portion 4a and the contact is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis X
- conductive segments 3a to 3f are arranged along the circumferential direction. Each segment 3 a to 3 f is electrically connected to the coil 9 of the rotor 2.
- Each brush 4 on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side has a stepped shape having a stepped portion 4a, not a conventional rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the stepped portion 4a forms a step in the direction of the rotation axis X.
- the stepped portion 4 a has a shape inclined with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. By making the stepped portion 4a into an inclined shape, the overall length of the brush 4 becomes longer than that of a conventional rectangular parallelepiped brush.
- the brush 4 and the spring 5 are installed in the brush holder 6, and the spring 5 biases the rear end portion of the brush 4, so that the tip end portion of the brush 4 comes into pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. Therefore, as the commutator 3 rotates, the tip of the brush 4 is brought into contact with the segments 3a to 3f in turn and is electrically connected to the coil 9 of the rotor 2 connected to the segments 3a to 3f.
- the brush holder 6 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped hole that accommodates the brush 4 and the spring 5, and holds the posture of the brush 4 by abutting the inner wall surface with the brush 4. Further, a notch 6 a is formed on one surface of the brush holder 6, and a lead wire 7 that electrically connects the brush 4 and the power supply terminal 8 is drawn out.
- the tip of the brush 4 slides in contact with the area indicated by hatching on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. This region is referred to as a brush sliding surface A. Since the brush 4 is biased toward the commutator 3 by the spring 5, the brush 4 moves toward the commutator 3 as the tip part wears.
- the contact area increases in the contact displacement state, improving the conductivity and the motor. Performance reduction can be suppressed.
- the contact area increases while the urging force of the spring 5 remains the same, so the surface pressure is reduced and the brush 4 is less likely to be worn.
- the DC motor 1 includes the commutator 3 that rotates integrally with the rotor 2 around the rotation axis X, and the brush that contacts and slides on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. 4 and a spring 5 that urges the brush 4 toward the commutator 3.
- the brush 4 has a stepped shape having a stepped portion 4 a in the direction of the rotation axis X, and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. The contact of the brush 4 with the commutator 3 is displaced on the outer peripheral surface in the direction of the rotation axis X in accordance with the shape change due to wear at the end.
- the contact point of the brush 4 and the commutator 3 can be moved from the brush sliding surface A to the non-sliding brush sliding surface B along with aging. As a result, it is possible to prevent the contact state between the brush 4 and the commutator 3 from being deteriorated, and to improve the electrical conductivity, suppress the reduction in motor performance, and suppress the wear of the brush 4.
- the stepped portion 4 a of the brush 4 is inclined with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. For this reason, the full length of the brush 4 becomes long compared with the conventional rectangular parallelepiped brush. As a result, it is possible to obtain a life extension effect against the wear of the brush 4 and to extend the life of the DC motor 1.
- the brush 4 may have a shape other than that shown in FIGS.
- modified examples of the brush 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the brush 4 shown in FIG. 5 has a stepped shape having a stepped portion 4a.
- the brush 4 has an inclined surface 4b inclined with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3 in addition to the stepped shape. .
- the spring 5 biases the inclined surface 4b, the biasing direction becomes obliquely downward.
- the brush 4 may rattle upward.
- the urging direction is inclined downward, which has an effect of suppressing rattling by pressing the lower surface of the brush 4 against the brush holder 6 even in a contact change state.
- the brush 4 shown in FIG. 6 has a stepped shape having a stepped portion 4 a, and the stepped portion 4 a is formed in parallel with the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3.
- the contact between the commutator 3 and the brush 4 can be displaced with the wear of the brush 4 as in the case of the brush 4 shown in FIGS. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the contact state between the brush 4 and the commutator 3 from being deteriorated, and it is possible to improve the conductivity, suppress the decrease in motor performance, and suppress the wear of the brush 4.
- the brush 4 shown in FIG. 7 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, not a stepped shape, and is installed in an inclined state with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3. Also in this configuration, like the brush 4 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the contact between the commutator 3 and the brush 4 can be displaced as the brush 4 wears, and the continuity due to the deterioration of the contact state is achieved. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of the motor performance and the motor performance. In addition, by installing the brush 4 in an inclined state, the overall length of the brush 4 can be increased compared to the case where a rectangular parallelepiped brush is installed perpendicularly to the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 3 as in the prior art. Thus, the life of the brush 4 can be prolonged and the life of the DC motor 1 can be extended.
- any constituent element of the embodiment can be modified or any constituent element of the embodiment can be omitted within the scope of the invention.
- the spring 5 is used as an example of a member that biases the brush 4, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any biasing member such as a leaf spring can be used.
- the DC motor 1 to which the brush 4 of the first embodiment is applied is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the direct current motor according to the present invention prevents the deterioration of the contact state between the brush and the commutator and improves the durability, so that the brush comes into contact with and slides on the outer peripheral surface of the commutator. Suitable for use in DC motors.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1に示す直流モータ1は、ロータ2の一端側に固着されロータ2と一体に回転する整流子3、整流子3の外周面上を摺動するブラシ4、およびブラシ4を整流子3の方向へ付勢するスプリング(付勢部材)5から構成される整流部を有する。これらブラシ4およびスプリング5は、ブラシホルダ6に収容されている。
図2(a)に整流部の平面図を示し、図2(b)、図3および図4に整流部の正面図を示す。この図2はブラシ4が磨耗していない初期状態、図3はブラシ4が段部4aまで磨耗して接点が回転軸Xの方向へ変位する接点変位状態、図4はスプリング5がのびきるまでブラシ4が磨耗した全磨耗状態を表している。
図5に示すブラシ4は、段部4aを有する段付き形状であるが、これに加えて、ブラシ4の後端部を整流子3の外周面に対して傾斜させた傾斜面4bにしている。この傾斜面4bをスプリング5が付勢することにより、付勢方向が斜め下向きになる。
図3に示したような接点変位状態においては、ブラシホルダ6がブラシ4の上面を保持できないため、ブラシ4が上方向にがたつく可能性があった。これに対して、図5に示すように付勢方向を斜め下向きにすることで、接点変化状態でもブラシ4の下面をブラシホルダ6に押圧してがたつきを抑制する効果がある。
なお、図6に示す形状のブラシ4の場合、初期状態および全磨耗状態における接触面積と、接点変位状態における接触面積との差が大きいため、コイル9への通電特性が変化する可能性がある。そこで、特性の変化を低減するために、段部4aの幅Wを狭くし、段部4aが整流子3に接触する期間を短縮することが望ましい。
また、ブラシ4を傾斜した状態に設置したことにより、従来のように直方体形状のブラシを整流子3の外周面に対して垂直に設置する場合に比べて、ブラシ4の全長を長くすることができ、ブラシ4の磨耗に対する延命および直流モータ1の長寿命化が可能となる。
例えば、図1~図7ではブラシ4を付勢する部材の一例としてスプリング5を使用したが、これに限定されるものではなく、板ばね等、任意の付勢部材を使用可能である。
また例えば、本実施の形態1のブラシ4を適用する直流モータ1は、図1に示す構成に限定されるものではない。
Claims (3)
- 回転軸を中心にして、ロータと一体に回転する整流子と、
前記整流子の外周面に接触して摺動するブラシと、
前記ブラシを前記整流子側へ付勢する付勢部材とを備え、
前記ブラシは、前記整流子の外周面に接触する端部の、磨耗による形状変化に伴い、前記整流子に対する前記ブラシの接点が当該外周面上を前記回転軸方向に変位する形状であることを特徴とする直流モータ。 - 前記ブラシは、前記回転軸方向に段部を有する段付き形状であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の直流モータ。
- 前記段部は、前記整流子の外周面に対して傾斜した形状であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の直流モータ。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/066741 WO2014002262A1 (ja) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | 直流モータ |
CN201290001194.1U CN204089503U (zh) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | 直流马达 |
JP2014522330A JP6138119B2 (ja) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | 直流モータ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/066741 WO2014002262A1 (ja) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | 直流モータ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014002262A1 true WO2014002262A1 (ja) | 2014-01-03 |
Family
ID=49782485
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/066741 WO2014002262A1 (ja) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | 直流モータ |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP6138119B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN204089503U (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014002262A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114744457A (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-07-12 | 广州大学 | 一种微型直流电机的电刷装置及电刷片的成型方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60151276U (ja) * | 1984-03-19 | 1985-10-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | モ−タのブラシ構造 |
JPS6114883U (ja) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 回転電機 |
JPS63176359U (ja) * | 1987-05-06 | 1988-11-15 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-29 CN CN201290001194.1U patent/CN204089503U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-29 JP JP2014522330A patent/JP6138119B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-29 WO PCT/JP2012/066741 patent/WO2014002262A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60151276U (ja) * | 1984-03-19 | 1985-10-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | モ−タのブラシ構造 |
JPS6114883U (ja) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-01-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 回転電機 |
JPS63176359U (ja) * | 1987-05-06 | 1988-11-15 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114744457A (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-07-12 | 广州大学 | 一种微型直流电机的电刷装置及电刷片的成型方法 |
CN114744457B (zh) * | 2022-05-13 | 2024-03-01 | 广州大学 | 一种微型直流电机的电刷装置及电刷片的成型方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2014002262A1 (ja) | 2016-05-30 |
JP6138119B2 (ja) | 2017-05-31 |
CN204089503U (zh) | 2015-01-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8648515B2 (en) | Brush design for electric motor having commutator | |
JP6138119B2 (ja) | 直流モータ | |
JP2016042790A (ja) | 減速機構付モータ | |
JP6254490B2 (ja) | ブラシホルダ装置及びそれを搭載したdcモータ | |
JP2010093890A (ja) | 電動モータ | |
JP2008259305A (ja) | 直流モータ | |
US11063400B2 (en) | Motor | |
JP6753757B2 (ja) | 燃料ポンプ用dcモータ | |
JP6158131B2 (ja) | 交流整流子電動機 | |
KR100632646B1 (ko) | 모터의 브러시구조 | |
JP2005304257A (ja) | 回転電動機、電動パワーステアリング用モータ、及びその製造方法 | |
JP6249148B2 (ja) | ブラシ付dcモータ | |
CN210297418U (zh) | 一种微电机 | |
JP2009131120A (ja) | ブラシ及び回転電機 | |
KR100968923B1 (ko) | 맥동전류가 개선된 브러시 구조가 구비된 모터장치 | |
JP2010166747A (ja) | 回転電機のブラシ装置および回転電機 | |
CN108233583B (zh) | 电机及其电刷 | |
CN115997339A (zh) | 电动机 | |
WO2016013169A1 (ja) | 整流子モータ | |
JP2019187204A (ja) | ブラシホルダ装置及びそれを搭載したdcモータ | |
JP2012050278A (ja) | 整流子電動機 | |
JP2020156120A (ja) | 電動機、電動送風機、掃除機および電動機用ホルダ | |
JPH11178288A (ja) | モータ | |
KR102150610B1 (ko) | 모터 및 모터의 정류자 | |
JP2019068656A (ja) | モータ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201290001194.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12880179 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2014522330 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12880179 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |