WO2013185350A1 - Internal-circulation aeration anammox-membrane bioreactor - Google Patents
Internal-circulation aeration anammox-membrane bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013185350A1 WO2013185350A1 PCT/CN2012/077009 CN2012077009W WO2013185350A1 WO 2013185350 A1 WO2013185350 A1 WO 2013185350A1 CN 2012077009 W CN2012077009 W CN 2012077009W WO 2013185350 A1 WO2013185350 A1 WO 2013185350A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/307—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
Definitions
- the present technology relates to a sewage treatment technique, and more particularly to an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor. Background technique
- the traditional biological nitrogen removal process is a three-stage activated sludge system.
- the oxidation of carbon-containing organic matter and the ammoniation of nitrogen-containing organic matter, the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen, and the denitrification of nitrate are carried out in three structures, respectively. Maintain separate sludge return systems.
- Figure 1 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing nitrification-denitrification denitrification system.
- the system includes:
- aeration tank oxidize organic matter (B0D) by heterotrophic B0D oxidizing bacteria under aerobic conditions
- biological nitrification reactor through the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria under aerobic conditions, Oxidizing ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen;
- Biological denitrification reactor Under the condition of anoxic conditions, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are reduced to nitrogen due to the action of facultative denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria).
- Nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria that grow slowly and cannot compete with heterotrophic bacteria in a mixed culture activated sludge system, making it difficult to obtain advantages;
- Nitrifying bacteria are susceptible to external influences and are very sensitive to environmental shocks, especially toxic shocks, and it is quite difficult to restart the system;
- Nitrification and denitrification are difficult to be unified in time, and the effect of nitrogen removal is poor.
- the multi-step biocatalytic reaction of biological nitrogen removal is limited by factors such as matrix transfer rate, substrate and product inhibition.
- the traditional biological nitrogen removal method firstly consumes a large amount of energy.
- the oxygen equivalent of ammonia nitrogen is 4.57g. To supply oxygen, energy is consumed. Similarly, if internal reflux is set, energy consumption is increased.
- organic carbon is used as an electron donor. If the carbon source is insufficient, an external carbon source (such as methanol) is required, which significantly increases operating costs.
- a reactor which typically includes an anaerobic reactor, a membrane module, an influent, a effluent, and a sludge reflux system.
- the patent application No. 20101C523416. 3 discloses an external anaerobic ammonium oxide membrane bioreactor, as shown in FIG. 2; the patent application No. 200620104478. X discloses a membrane-anaerobic ammonia oxidation organism. The reactor is shown in Figure 3.
- Severe membrane fouling problem The absence of an aeration scrub system will rapidly deposit membrane contaminants such as microorganisms, particulate matter, inorganic precipitates, and organic macromolecules onto the membrane surface and block the pores of the membrane. The membrane flux is rapidly reduced, and the transmembrane pressure difference rises rapidly.
- the technical problem addressed by the present invention is to provide an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor to improve or overcome one or more of the deficiencies of the prior art.
- the technical solution of the present invention is: an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor, the membrane bioreactor comprising: In an anaerobic reactor, anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended in the anaerobic reactor, and the sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is introduced into the anaerobic reactor, and the pollutants in the anaerobic organism and the influent water are evenly distributed. Fully mixed
- Membrane module ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the full-mix anaerobic reactor, and then the solid-liquid separation is performed by the membrane module, and the anaerobic organism is trapped in the reactor. Anaerobic organisms that avoid suspended growth are lost from the fully mixed anaerobic reactor to increase sludge concentration;
- the gas internal circulation device uses nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction as a source of anaerobic gas, and circulates the nitrogen generated in the anaerobic reactor to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor under the membrane module, through the membrane The gas after the assembly is returned to the anaerobic reactor, thus achieving the recycling of nitrogen.
- the floor space and energy consumption level of the invention will be significantly reduced by more than 50%, and the operating cost can be saved by more than 80%;
- the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge concentration of the system can be increased from 5-15 g /L to 20-40 g / L, which significantly increases the stability and impact resistance of the system;
- the membrane cleaning service life can be increased from 30-40 days to more than 3 years;
- the frequency of membrane cleaning can be reduced by daily cleaning to 1 week or once a month, or lower (depending on the specific operation);
- the system of the present invention does not require external anaerobic gas at all during operation, and the gas storage tank can also be removed, which significantly reduces system construction cost and operating cost.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional nitrification-denitrification denitrification system.
- Figure 2 is a drawing of Figure 2 of the Chinese patent CN10196225A (external anaerobic ammonium oxide membrane bioreactor).
- Figure 3 is a drawing of Chinese patent CN2900509A (membrane-anaerobic ammonia oxidation bioreactor).
- 4a to 4d are schematic structural views of four specific embodiments of the present invention. This
- the present invention provides an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a full-mix anaerobic reactor, a membrane module, and a gas internal circulation device, wherein the anaerobic organism is The mixed anaerobic reactor is uniformly suspended and grows.
- the sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite enters the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and the anaerobic organisms are uniformly mixed with the pollutants in the influent water.
- ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out by the membrane module, and the anaerobic organisms are all trapped in the reactor to avoid suspension growth. Anaerobic organisms are lost from the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and the sludge concentration is increased.
- nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction is used as a source of anaerobic gas, and is circulated through the gas inner circulation passage. Means the nitrogen gas generated in the anaerobic reactor is sent to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor below the membrane module, and the gas is returned to the anaerobic reactor after passing through the membrane module, Now using nitrogen circulation.
- the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor combines the anaerobic internal circulation aeration membrane separation technology with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology, and utilizes the anaerobic gas generated by the system anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria reaction as an annoyance Oxygen gas source, aeration or external (pressure) membrane module is aerated and cleaned by internal circulation gas flow or gas-liquid jet method, thereby overcoming high energy consumption in existing nitrification/denitrification biological nitrogen removal process High investment, high operating costs, etc., as well as serious membrane fouling problems and low sludge concentration defects in aeration-free anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactors.
- Example 1 External internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
- FIG. 4a it is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention.
- This embodiment is an external internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor, which includes water inlet Pool 1, feed pump 2, anaerobic reactor 3, membrane module 4 and its associated equipment (such as closed membrane tank 4-1), water pump 5, distributor 6, gas storage tank 7, pressure ceramic 8, transmembrane
- the sewage in the water inlet tank 1 is pumped into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2, and the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 and the distributor 6 disposed under the membrane module 4 are connected through a gas supply line.
- a gas circulation pump 15 and a gas flow meter 13 are disposed on the air supply line, and an air outlet of the upper portion of the sealed membrane tank 4-1 and an upper gas collection space of the anaerobic reactor 3 are communicated through a return gas pipeline, and the gas return pipeline is connected
- An absorption tower 16 is provided.
- a fully mixed anaerobic reactor is preferably used, and anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the anaerobic reactor.
- the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor utilize nitrite as an electron acceptor, and ammonia nitrogen is used. Oxidation to nitrogen.
- an external microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane membrane module is used, and the assembly structure of the membrane module 4 can be selected by a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane, and the material thereof can be an organic membrane or an inorganic membrane.
- the separation membrane retains most of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and other suspended particulate matter in the reactor, and the filtrate is pumped from the system by a suction pump 5. Since the filtrate water quality meets or exceeds national emission or reuse standards, it can be discharged directly or further into the water reuse system.
- the gas inner circulation passage includes a gas supply line connecting the anaerobic reactor and the distributor below the membrane module, and an outlet port connecting the closed membrane tank 4-1 and a return gas line of the anaerobic reactor 3. .
- the gas supply line is provided with a gas circulation pump 15 and a gas flow meter 13.
- the nitrogen in the anaerobic reactor 3 is taken out from the head space of the anaerobic reactor 3 by the gas circulation pump 15 and sent to the membrane.
- the gas is cleaned to the dispenser 6.
- the return line is provided with an absorption tower 16 for absorbing the substance to be blown off to reduce the inhibitory effect of harmful substances on anaerobic organisms in the anaerobic reactor 3.
- the gas internal circulation device further includes a gas storage tank 7 disposed on another branch of the return air line, and the gas volume for internal circulation can be controlled by the gas flow meter, so that more gas than the required gas amount in the reactor can flow automatically
- a gas storage tank for storing excess gas as a backup gas the gas storage tank 7 is provided with a pressure valve 8 which automatically opens the exhaust gas when the pressure in the gas storage tank 7 reaches a certain limit.
- a liquid internal circulation passage is formed between the anaerobic reactor 3 and the closed membrane tank 4-1, and the liquid internal circulation passage includes a connection between the upper portion of the anaerobic reactor and the upper portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1.
- a liquid line and a liquid return line connecting the lower portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 and the lower portion of the anaerobic reactor 3.
- a circulation pump 1 1 is provided on the liquid supply line.
- a sensor 10 for monitoring values such as temperature, 0 RP, pH, etc. in the anaerobic reactor 3.
- the main working process is described as follows: a.
- the sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is pumped from the inlet tank 1 into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2; b.
- the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, the nitrite and the anaerobic in the anaerobic reactor 3 The ammonia oxidizing bacteria are in contact with each other, and the nitrite is used as an electron acceptor to oxidize the ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
- the total reaction formula is as follows - 1V + 1..32 ⁇ (3 ⁇ 4-' + ⁇ 0.066H(X> + 0A3W— *
- the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor 3, and further transported by the circulation pump 11 to the membrane module 4 outside the anaerobic reactor 3 and its supporting equipment (sealed In the membrane tank 4-1), the filtrate of the membrane module 4 is pumped from the system by a suction pump 5. Because the filtrate water quality meets or exceeds national emission or reuse standards, it can be discharged directly or further into the water reuse system.
- Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria or other particulate matter trapped outside the membrane module 4 will return directly to the anaerobic reactor 3 .
- a full-mix anaerobic reactor is used, and anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the full-mix anaerobic reactor, and anaerobic organisms and influent pollutants can be uniformly and uniformly mixed, so the anaerobic biological growth state Good, there will be no local concentration too high or too low, and all parts of the reactor can efficiently generate anaerobic reactions, thus effectively removing pollutants.
- the membrane module acts as a high-efficiency solid-liquid separation.
- the liquid internal circulation pathway can completely trap the slow-growing anaerobic organisms in the reactor, avoiding the loss of suspended growth anaerobic organisms from the reactor, thereby significantly increasing the sludge concentration.
- an absorption tower 16 (such as a hydrogen sulfide absorption tower, an ammonia absorption tower, etc.) for discharging the substance is placed on the gas inner circulation passage, and the internal circulation aeration process may be harmful to the anaerobic reactor 3.
- the substance is blown off, effectively reducing the inhibitory effect of harmful substances on the anaerobic organisms in the anaerobic reactor 3, and significantly improving the efficiency, impact resistance and stability of the anaerobic reactor 3.
- the transmembrane pressure difference probe 9 can be used to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference, and the temperature, 0RP, pH and other sensors 10 are used to monitor the reaction environment change of the anaerobic reactor.
- Example 2 Built-in internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
- Example 2 it is a schematic view of the structure of Example 2 of the internal circulation aeration anammox-membrane bioreactor of the present invention.
- This embodiment is a built-in internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4, an outlet pump 5, a distributor 6, and a gas reservoir.
- the present embodiment employs a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which the anaerobic organism is uniformly suspended and grown, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor utilize nitrous acid.
- the salt is an electron acceptor that oxidizes ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
- Embodiment 1 The main difference from Embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment is such that the membrane module 4 is disposed inside the anaerobic reactor 3, that is, a built-in membrane module is employed.
- the membrane module 4 is disposed inside the anaerobic reactor 3, that is, a built-in membrane module is employed.
- the gas inner circulation passage only needs to provide a gas supply line connecting the anaerobic reactor and the distributor below the membrane module. Yes, it is not necessary to provide the return air line in Embodiment 1.
- the main working principle of this embodiment is similar to the embodiment, mainly the steps c, d, e are slightly different:
- step c the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage pass through the anaerobic reactor 3
- the membrane module 4 is further contacted, and the separation membrane module 4 retains most of the anammox bacteria and other suspended particulate matter in the anaerobic reactor 3, and the filtrate is suctioned.
- the pump 5 is pumped out of the system; in this embodiment, since the built-in membrane module is employed, the step in the first embodiment is not required, and in the step e, the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria reaction in the anaerobic reactor 3 is utilized.
- Nitrogen is used as a source of anaerobic gas, which is withdrawn from the head space of the anaerobic reactor 3 by a gas circulation pump 15 in a circulating manner, and the gas is effectively scrubbed by the membrane aeration cleaning distributor 6 below the membrane module 4, and finally Return to the gas gathering space in the upper part of the anaerobic reactor 3 and enter the subsequent cycle.
- the excess gas in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is stored in the gas storage tank 7 as a backup gas or directly discharged. When the pressure in the gas storage tank reaches a certain limit, the pressure valve 8 is opened to automatically discharge the gas.
- the embodiment has the design form of the built-in membrane module, so that the inner circulation aeration can simultaneously achieve effective membrane cleaning, water inlet, and full mixing of the solid-liquid mixture in the reactor. And greatly simplify the system design, significantly reduce the investment cost, and the operation control is more convenient and stable.
- Example 3 External internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
- Example 3 it is a schematic structural view of Example 3 of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention.
- This embodiment is an external internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4 and its supporting equipment (closed membrane tank 4 -1 ) , water pump 5, The gas-liquid mixed flow distributor 6, the gas storage tank 7, the pressure W8, the transmembrane differential pressure probe 9, the sensor 10, the circulation pump 11, the jet 12, the gas flow meter 13, the agitator 14, and the absorption tower 16.
- the sewage in the water inlet tank 1 is pumped into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2, and the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 and the gas-liquid mixed flow distributor 6 disposed under the membrane module 4 are exposed by the jet.
- the gas pipeline is connected.
- the nitrogen gas is transported by means of a jet.
- the gas outlet of the upper portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 and the upper gas gathering space of the anaerobic reactor 3 are connected through the gas return pipeline.
- An absorption tower 16 is disposed on the return line.
- the present embodiment preferably employs a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which the anaerobic organism is uniformly suspended and grown, and the anaerobic ammonia in the anaerobic reactor.
- Oxidizing bacteria use nitrite as an electron acceptor to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
- the present embodiment is a method in which the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is sent to the distributor 6 below the membrane module by means of a jet.
- the solid-liquid mixture in the anaerobic reactor 3 is pumped by the circulation pump 11 and then connected to the inlet end of the jet; the nitrogen line in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is connected to the jet inlet.
- the gas-liquid mixture flows through the jet at a high speed by the circulation pump 11, and a negative pressure is formed at the inlet end in the jet, thereby sucking the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 into the jet.
- a gas circulation pump may be added to the gas pump into the flow device), the gas flow rate is controlled by the gas flow meter 13, and then a gas-solid liquid high-speed mixed flow is formed inside the jet; the jet is formed in the jet
- the gas-solid liquid high-speed mixed flow forms a high-speed cross flow on the surface of the membrane via the distributor 6 below the membrane module, thereby effectively preventing membrane fouling.
- the lower portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 communicates with the lower portion of the anaerobic reactor 3 through the liquid return line, so that the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria or other particulate matter trapped outside the membrane module can be directly returned to the anaerobic reactor 3 to form Liquid internal circulation system.
- the working work of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference mainly lies in the step e, the nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction is sucked from the head space of the anaerobic reactor by the jet 12 in a circulating manner, the gas and liquid The mixed stream is effectively scrubbed via the membrane aeration purge dispenser 6 below the membrane module 4, and then the gas is returned from the membrane module to the anaerobic reactor 3 by the recycle line: excess gas is stored in a particular gas storage tank 7 As a backup gas or direct discharge, when the pressure in the gas storage tank 7 reaches a certain limit, the pressure valve 8 is opened to automatically discharge the gas.
- the embodiment has a high flow velocity of the gas-solid liquid mixed flow due to the design of the inner circulation of the jet flow mode, the distributor 6 is not easily clogged, and the cross-flow velocity formed on the surface of the membrane is high, so it is particularly suitable for use. Treatment of high solid waste water.
- Example 4 Built-in internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor As shown in Fig. 4d, it is a schematic structural view of Example 4 of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention.
- This embodiment is a built-in internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonia oxidation-membrane bioreactor, which includes a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4 and its supporting equipment, a water pump 5, and distribution.
- this embodiment adopts a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the anaerobic reactor, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the anaerobic reactor
- the bacterium uses nitrite as an electron acceptor to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
- Embodiment 1 The main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 include:
- the membrane module of the present embodiment adopts a built-in membrane module, that is, the membrane module 4 is disposed inside the anaerobic reactor 3, and correspondingly, the relevant connecting pipeline also changes accordingly, for details, please refer to Example 2.
- the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is sent to the distributor 6 below the membrane module by means of a jet.
- a gas jet is provided in the gas supply line of the gas inner circulation passage, and the nitrogen gas in the anaerobic reactor 3 is sucked by the liquid jet 12 and sent to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor 6.
- the embodiment has a high flow velocity of the gas-solid liquid mixing flow due to the design of the inner circulation of the jet flow mode, the distributor 6 is not easily clogged, and the cross-flow velocity formed on the surface of the membrane is high, so it is particularly suitable for use. Treatment of high solid waste water.
- the result composition and working principle of various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. After many experiments, the effects of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor include: The service life of the membrane module can be obtained from existing ones.
- the concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in the system can be increased from the existing 5-15g/L to 20-40g/L, and the membrane flux can be increased from the existing 3-5L to 10LMH.
- the floor space and energy consumption level will be significantly reduced by more than 50% compared with the traditional nitrification/denitrification biological nitrogen removal process, the operating cost can be saved by more than 8C%, and the system startup time will be shortened from one year to three months. the following.
- the invention combines the anaerobic internal circulation aeration membrane separation technology with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology, and utilizes the anaerobic gas generated by the system itself to expose the immersed or external membrane module by means of internal circulation.
- Air cleaning, anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended in the reactor, and the anaerobic organisms and the influent pollutants can be uniformly mixed uniformly, so the anaerobic biological growth state is good, and the local concentration is too high or too low;
- the membrane module acts as a high-efficiency solid-liquid separation to avoid the loss of suspended growth anaerobic organisms from the reactor, so that all the slow-growing anaerobic organisms can be trapped in the reactor, significantly increasing the sludge concentration;
- the membrane module can be effectively scrubbed, Significantly reduce the number of chemical cleaning of the components and the number of membrane module replacements, thereby minimizing the chemical cleaning agents (especially oxidative cleaning agents), as well as the frequent replacement of components resulting in increased concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the system. influences.
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Abstract
Disclosed is an internal-circulation aeration Anammox-membrane bioreactor, comprising a continuous stirred-tank anaerobic reactor, a membrane component, and a gas internal circulation device. The anaerobe grows in an even and suspended manner in the continuous stirred-tank anaerobic reactor, and to-be-treated waste water containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite enters the continuous stirred-tank anaerobic reactor; the anaerobe is evenly and fully mixed with the pollutants in intake water; the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the waste water are removed by the Anammox bacteria and are subject to solid-liquid separation by the membrane component; the anaerobe is held in the reactor, to prevent the anaerobe growing in a suspended manner from flowing out of the continuous stirred-tank anaerobic reactor. In the foregoing treatment process, nitrogen generated during the reaction of the Anammox bacteria is used as an anaerobic gas source; the nitrogen generated in the anaerobic reactor is delivered to a membrane aeration cleaning distributer in a circulating manner; after passing through the membrane component, the gas then return to the anaerobic reactor, hence implementing the recycling of the nitrogen.
Description
内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器 技术领域 Internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
本发明技术涉及一种污水处理技术, 尤其是涉及一种内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化 -膜生 物反应器。 背景技术 The present technology relates to a sewage treatment technique, and more particularly to an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor. Background technique
近年来, 水体中的氮素污染越来越严重, 给环境造成的污染问题日益突出。 生物脱 氮技术较物化脱氮技术而言, 具有工艺简单、 成本低廉、 交易推广等优点, 越来越被广 泛地采用。 In recent years, nitrogen pollution in water has become more and more serious, and pollution problems caused by the environment have become increasingly prominent. Compared with physical and chemical denitrification technology, biological denitrification technology has the advantages of simple process, low cost, and promotion of trade, and is widely used.
传统的生物脱氮流程是三级活性污泥系统, 在此流程中, 含碳有机物的氧化和含氮 有机物的氨化、 氨氮的硝化及硝酸盐的反硝化分别在三个构筑物内进行, 并维持各自独 立的污泥回流系统。 如图 1所示, 其为现有硝化 -反硝化脱氮系统的结构示意图。 该系 统包括: The traditional biological nitrogen removal process is a three-stage activated sludge system. In this process, the oxidation of carbon-containing organic matter and the ammoniation of nitrogen-containing organic matter, the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen, and the denitrification of nitrate are carried out in three structures, respectively. Maintain separate sludge return systems. As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing nitrification-denitrification denitrification system. The system includes:
a) 曝气池: 在好氧条件下, 通过异养型 B0D氧化菌作用氧化有机物 (B0D ) ; b) 生物硝化反应器: 在好氧条件下通过亚硝酸盐菌和硝酸盐菌的作用, 将氨氮氧 化成亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮; a) aeration tank: oxidize organic matter (B0D) by heterotrophic B0D oxidizing bacteria under aerobic conditions; b) biological nitrification reactor: through the action of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria under aerobic conditions, Oxidizing ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen;
c) 生物反硝化反应器: 缺氧条件下由于兼性脱氮菌 (反硝化菌)的作用, 将亚硝酸 盐氮和硝酸盐氮还原成氮气。 c) Biological denitrification reactor: Under the condition of anoxic conditions, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are reduced to nitrogen due to the action of facultative denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria).
传统的生物脱氮技术包括硝化和反硝化过程, 由化能自养的硝化菌群和异养反硝化 菌群共同完成。 由于菌群对环境要求不同 (溶解氧、 碱度)及相互对基质的竞争, 为稳 定脱氮功能, 在运行中常常采用 2个或 2个以上反应器 (见图 1 ) 。 因此, 传统的生物 脱氮工艺流程长、 控制复杂、 运行费用高。 Traditional biological nitrogen removal technologies, including nitrification and denitrification processes, are completed by the autotrophic nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria. Due to the different environmental requirements of the flora (dissolved oxygen, alkalinity) and mutual competition with the matrix, in order to stabilize the denitrification function, two or more reactors are often used in operation (see Figure 1). Therefore, the traditional biological nitrogen removal process has long process, complicated control and high operating cost.
a) 硝化细菌是自养菌, 生长缓慢, 在混合培养的活性污泥系统中无法与异养细菌 竞争, 难以取得优势; a) Nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria that grow slowly and cannot compete with heterotrophic bacteria in a mixed culture activated sludge system, making it difficult to obtain advantages;
b) 硝化细菌易受外界影响, 对环境冲击, 尤其是毒物冲击非常敏感, 而系统重新 启动又相当困难; b) Nitrifying bacteria are susceptible to external influences and are very sensitive to environmental shocks, especially toxic shocks, and it is quite difficult to restart the system;
c) 硝化与反硝化难以在时间上统一, 脱氮效果差, 造成生物脱氮这一多步骤生物 催化反应受基质传递速率, 底物和产物抑制等因素限制。
从可持续发展的目标来看, 传统的生物脱氮法首先是能耗大, 氨氮的氧当量是 4. 57g, 要供氧就要耗能, 同样若设置内回流也增加能耗; 其次, 反硝化过程中有机碳 要作为电子供体, 若碳源不足, 则需外加碳源 (如甲醇), 因此显著增加运行成本。 c) Nitrification and denitrification are difficult to be unified in time, and the effect of nitrogen removal is poor. The multi-step biocatalytic reaction of biological nitrogen removal is limited by factors such as matrix transfer rate, substrate and product inhibition. From the perspective of sustainable development, the traditional biological nitrogen removal method firstly consumes a large amount of energy. The oxygen equivalent of ammonia nitrogen is 4.57g. To supply oxygen, energy is consumed. Similarly, if internal reflux is set, energy consumption is increased. Secondly, In the denitrification process, organic carbon is used as an electron donor. If the carbon source is insufficient, an external carbon source (such as methanol) is required, which significantly increases operating costs.
基于上述生物脱氮技术的缺陷, 目前已有的一些将膜分离技术与厌氧氨氧化技术相 接合以期富集厌氧氨氧化细菌的相关技术方案, 例如厌氧氨氧化-无曝气膜生物反应器, 其通常包括厌氧反应器、膜组件、进水、出水及污泥回流系统。申请号为 20101C523416. 3 的专利申请公开了一种外置式厌氧氨氧化膜生物反应器, 如图 2 所示; 申请号为 200620104478. X的专利申请公开了一种膜 -厌氧氨氧化生物反应器, 如图 3所示。 Based on the defects of the above-mentioned biological nitrogen removal technology, some existing technical solutions for combining membrane separation technology with anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology to enrich anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation-free aerated membrane organisms. A reactor, which typically includes an anaerobic reactor, a membrane module, an influent, a effluent, and a sludge reflux system. The patent application No. 20101C523416. 3 discloses an external anaerobic ammonium oxide membrane bioreactor, as shown in FIG. 2; the patent application No. 200620104478. X discloses a membrane-anaerobic ammonia oxidation organism. The reactor is shown in Figure 3.
上述厌氧氨氧化膜生物反应器的最大问题在于没有曝气擦洗系统。而曝气擦洗是最 有效预防和控制膜污染的手段, 缺失了曝气擦洗系统将会导致: The biggest problem with the above anaerobic ammonium oxide membrane bioreactor is that there is no aeration scrub system. Aeration scrubbing is the most effective means of preventing and controlling membrane fouling. The absence of an aeration scrub system will result in:
a) 严重的膜污染问题: 缺失了曝气擦洗系统将使微生物体、 颗粒物、 无机沉淀物、 有机大分子物质等膜污染物快速沉积到膜表面, 堵塞膜孔。 使得膜通量快速下 降, 跨膜压差迅速上升。 a) Severe membrane fouling problem: The absence of an aeration scrub system will rapidly deposit membrane contaminants such as microorganisms, particulate matter, inorganic precipitates, and organic macromolecules onto the membrane surface and block the pores of the membrane. The membrane flux is rapidly reduced, and the transmembrane pressure difference rises rapidly.
b) 显著增加膜的在线、 离线化学清洗频率: 这将会显著增加膜生物反应器的运行 成本, 且频繁的化学清洗会对系统内的微生物菌群产生毒害作用, 降低系统的 脱氮效率。 b) Significantly increase the on-line and off-line chemical cleaning frequency of the membrane: This will significantly increase the operating cost of the membrane bioreactor, and frequent chemical cleaning will poison the microbial flora in the system and reduce the nitrogen removal efficiency of the system.
c) 需要频繁更换膜组件: 由于污染物沉积速度快, 清洗效率低下, 会导致膜组件 很快发生不可逆转的膜污堵, 因此需要频繁更换新的膜组件, 而频繁开启反应 器更换膜组件会使系统溶解氧浓度增加, 破坏厌氧氨氧化菌的生存环境, 并显 著增加系统运行成本。 c) Frequent replacement of membrane modules: Due to the high deposition rate of contaminants and low cleaning efficiency, membrane modules can quickly become irreversible membrane fouling, so frequent replacement of new membrane modules is required, and reactor replacement membrane modules are frequently turned on. It will increase the dissolved oxygen concentration of the system, destroy the living environment of anammox bacteria, and significantly increase the operating cost of the system.
d) 系统内厌氧氨氧化污泥浓度低: 为了控制膜污染, 需要频繁排泥以控制系统内 的厌氧氨氧化污泥浓度, 并使污泥浓度控制在比较低的浓度范围 (5-15g/L), 这样会延长系统的启动时间。 且由于污泥浓度低, 会降低系统的运行负荷, 降 低系统的耐冲击能力和稳定性。 发明内容 d) Low concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in the system: In order to control membrane fouling, frequent sludge discharge is required to control the concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxide sludge in the system, and the sludge concentration is controlled to a relatively low concentration range (5- 15g/L), this will extend the system startup time. And because of the low sludge concentration, it will reduce the operating load of the system and reduce the impact resistance and stability of the system. Summary of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题是, 提供一种内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 以改 善或克服现有技术存在的一项或多项缺陷。 The technical problem addressed by the present invention is to provide an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor to improve or overcome one or more of the deficiencies of the prior art.
本发明的技术解决方案是: 一种内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 该膜生物 反应器包括:
厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该厌氧反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 含有高氨氮、 亚硝酸盐的 待处理污水由进入该厌氧反应器中, 厌氧生物与进水中的污染物均匀充分混合; The technical solution of the present invention is: an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor, the membrane bioreactor comprising: In an anaerobic reactor, anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended in the anaerobic reactor, and the sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is introduced into the anaerobic reactor, and the pollutants in the anaerobic organism and the influent water are evenly distributed. Fully mixed
膜组件, 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐经该全混式厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌脱除后 再由该膜组件进行固液分离, 将厌氧生物截留在反应器内, 避免悬浮生长的厌氧生物从 该全混式厌氧反应器内流失, 提高污泥浓度; Membrane module, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the full-mix anaerobic reactor, and then the solid-liquid separation is performed by the membrane module, and the anaerobic organism is trapped in the reactor. Anaerobic organisms that avoid suspended growth are lost from the fully mixed anaerobic reactor to increase sludge concentration;
气体内循环设备, 利用厌氧氨氧化菌反应产生的氮气作为厌氧气体来源, 以循环方 式将该厌氧反应器内产生的氮气输送至该膜组件下方的膜曝气清洗分配器, 经过膜组件 后气体再回到该厌氧反应器, 如此实现氮气的循环使用。 The gas internal circulation device uses nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction as a source of anaerobic gas, and circulates the nitrogen generated in the anaerobic reactor to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor under the membrane module, through the membrane The gas after the assembly is returned to the anaerobic reactor, thus achieving the recycling of nitrogen.
本发明的特点和优点如下: The features and advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1 相对于传统生物脱氮工艺,本发明的占地面积和能源消耗水平将显著减少 50%以 上, 运行成本可节约 80%以上; 1 Compared with the traditional biological nitrogen removal process, the floor space and energy consumption level of the invention will be significantly reduced by more than 50%, and the operating cost can be saved by more than 80%;
2 由于采用了厌氧内循环气体膜檫洗技术, 既保证了系统的厌氧环境, 又可以对 膜组件进行有效的擦洗, 显著降低膜污染速率, 因此: 2 Due to the anaerobic internal circulation gas membrane scrubbing technology, the anaerobic environment of the system is ensured, and the membrane module can be effectively scrubbed to significantly reduce the membrane fouling rate. Therefore,
2. 1 相对于已有的厌氧氨氧化工艺: 2. 1 Relative to the existing anaerobic ammonium oxidation process:
本发明的系统启动时间将由半年以上缩短至 3个月以下, 氨氮去除率将从 80% 提高到 90%以上, 总氮负荷可由 0. 5〜0. 8 kg/m3/day提高到 >=2. 0 kg/m3/day„ 2. 2 相对于已有的厌氧氨氧化-无曝气膜生物反应器 (见图 2, 图 3 ) The increase of the ammonia nitrogen removal rate from 80% to more than 90%, the total nitrogen load can be increased from 0. 5~0. 8 kg/m3/day to >=2. 0 kg/m3/day„ 2. 2 Relative to the existing anaerobic ammonium oxidation-non-aeration membrane bioreactor (see Figure 2, Figure 3)
a)系统的厌氧氨氧化污泥浓度可由 5- 15g/L提高到 20-40g/L, 显著增加了 系统的稳定性和耐冲击性; a) The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge concentration of the system can be increased from 5-15 g /L to 20-40 g / L, which significantly increases the stability and impact resistance of the system;
b)膜清洗使用寿命可由 30-40天提高到 3年以上; b) The membrane cleaning service life can be increased from 30-40 days to more than 3 years;
c)膜清洗频率可由每天清洗降低为 1周或 1月一次, 或更低(视具体运行情 况而定) ; c) The frequency of membrane cleaning can be reduced by daily cleaning to 1 week or once a month, or lower (depending on the specific operation);
2. 3 相对于用外源厌氧气体作为曝气系统气体来源的反应器: 2. 3 Relative to reactors using exogenous anaerobic gas as the source of aeration system gas:
本发明的系统在运行过程中完全不需要外源厌氧气体, 气体储罐亦可移除, 显 著降低了系统建设成本和运行成本。 附图说明 The system of the present invention does not require external anaerobic gas at all during operation, and the gas storage tank can also be removed, which significantly reduces system construction cost and operating cost. DRAWINGS
图 1为现有硝化 -反硝化脱氮系统的结构示意图。 Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional nitrification-denitrification denitrification system.
图 2为中国专利 CN10196225A (外置式厌氧氨氧化膜生物反应器) 的附图 2。 Figure 2 is a drawing of Figure 2 of the Chinese patent CN10196225A (external anaerobic ammonium oxide membrane bioreactor).
图 3为中国专利 CN2900509A (膜 -厌氧氨氧化生物反应器) 的附图。
图 4a至图 4d为本发明的四个具体实施例的结构示意图。 本 Figure 3 is a drawing of Chinese patent CN2900509A (membrane-anaerobic ammonia oxidation bioreactor). 4a to 4d are schematic structural views of four specific embodiments of the present invention. this
基于以上背景技术中所述的缺陷, 如果选用目前好氧膜生物反应器普遍釆用的空气 曝气擦洗系统, 将会严重破坏系统的厌氧环境, 导致厌氧氨氧化细菌无法生长, 系统完 全瘫痪; 如果选用外源厌氧气体(如工业用氮气、 二氧化碳等)作为曝气擦洗系统的气 体来源, 由于所需气体流量很大, 首先需要设计一个体积庞大的气体储罐用于存储外源 厌氧气体, 这样会显著增加系统的占地面积和建设成本; 其次, 运行时会消耗大量的外 源厌氧气体, 进而显著增加系统的运行成本。 Based on the defects described in the above background art, if the air aeration scrub system commonly used in current aerobic membrane bioreactors is selected, the anaerobic environment of the system will be seriously damaged, resulting in the failure of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria to grow, and the system is completely瘫痪; If an external anaerobic gas (such as industrial nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.) is used as the gas source for the aeration scrub system, because of the large gas flow required, it is first necessary to design a bulky gas tank for storage of the external source. Anaerobic gas, which will significantly increase the footprint and construction cost of the system; Secondly, it will consume a large amount of external anaerobic gas during operation, which will significantly increase the operating cost of the system.
为了解决上述难题, 本发明提出一种内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其包 括全混式厌氧反应器、 膜组件以及气体内循环设备, 其中, 厌氧生物在该全混式厌氧反 应器中均匀悬浮生长, 含有高氨氮、 亚硝酸盐的待处理污水由进入该全混式厌氧反应器 中, 厌氧生物与进水中的污染物均匀充分混合, 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐经该全混式厌 氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌脱除后再由该膜组件进行固液分离,将厌氧生物全部截留在 反应器内, 避免悬浮生长的厌氧生物从该全混式厌氧反应器内流失, 提高污泥浓度, 在 前述反应过程中, 是利用厌氧氨氧化菌反应产生的氮气作为厌氧气体来源, 通过气体内 循环通路以循环方式将该厌氧反应器内产生的氮气输送至该膜组件下方的膜曝气清洗 分配器, 经过膜组件后气体再回到该厌氧反应器, 如此实现氮气的循环使用。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a full-mix anaerobic reactor, a membrane module, and a gas internal circulation device, wherein the anaerobic organism is The mixed anaerobic reactor is uniformly suspended and grows. The sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite enters the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and the anaerobic organisms are uniformly mixed with the pollutants in the influent water. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out by the membrane module, and the anaerobic organisms are all trapped in the reactor to avoid suspension growth. Anaerobic organisms are lost from the fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and the sludge concentration is increased. In the foregoing reaction process, nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction is used as a source of anaerobic gas, and is circulated through the gas inner circulation passage. Means the nitrogen gas generated in the anaerobic reactor is sent to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor below the membrane module, and the gas is returned to the anaerobic reactor after passing through the membrane module, Now using nitrogen circulation.
本发明内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器将厌氧内循环曝气膜分离技术与厌氧 氨氧化技术相结合, 利用系统厌氧氨氧化菌反应自身产生的厌氧气体作为厌氧气体来 源, 采用内循环的气体流动方式或气液射流方式对浸没式或外置式(压力式)膜组件进 行曝气清洗, 从而克服了现有硝化 /反硝化型生物脱氮工艺中高能耗、 高投入、 高运行 成本等问题, 以及目前无曝气式厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器严重的膜污染问题和低污泥 浓度缺陷。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor combines the anaerobic internal circulation aeration membrane separation technology with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology, and utilizes the anaerobic gas generated by the system anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria reaction as an annoyance Oxygen gas source, aeration or external (pressure) membrane module is aerated and cleaned by internal circulation gas flow or gas-liquid jet method, thereby overcoming high energy consumption in existing nitrification/denitrification biological nitrogen removal process High investment, high operating costs, etc., as well as serious membrane fouling problems and low sludge concentration defects in aeration-free anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactors.
为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段, 而可依照说明书的内容予以实施, 并且为 了让本发明的上述和其它目的、 特征和优点能够更明显易懂, 以下特举优选实施例, 并 配合附图, 详细说明如下。 The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the invention. The figure is described in detail below.
实施例 1 外置式内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器 Example 1 External internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
如图 4a所示,其为本发明的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器的一优选实施例 的结构示意图。 本实施例为外置式内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其包括进水
池 1、 进水泵 2、 厌氧反应器 3、 膜组件 4及其配套设备 (如密闭式膜池 4-1 ) 、 出水泵 5、 分配器 6、 气体储罐 7、 压力陶 8、 跨膜压差探头 9、 传感器 10、 循环泵 11、 气体流 量计 13、 搅拌器 14、 气体循环泵 15、 吸收塔 16。 其中, 进水池 1内的污水利用进水泵 2泵入厌氧反应器 3, 厌氧反应器 3的上部集气空间与设于膜组件 4下方的分配器 6之 间通过送气管路连通, 该送气管路上设有气体循环泵 15和气体流量计 13, 所述密闭式 膜池 4-1上部的出气口与该厌氧反应器 3的上部集气空间通过回气管路连通,该回气管 路上设有吸收塔 16。 As shown in Fig. 4a, it is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention. This embodiment is an external internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor, which includes water inlet Pool 1, feed pump 2, anaerobic reactor 3, membrane module 4 and its associated equipment (such as closed membrane tank 4-1), water pump 5, distributor 6, gas storage tank 7, pressure ceramic 8, transmembrane The differential pressure probe 9, the sensor 10, the circulation pump 11, the gas flow meter 13, the agitator 14, the gas circulation pump 15, and the absorption tower 16. The sewage in the water inlet tank 1 is pumped into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2, and the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 and the distributor 6 disposed under the membrane module 4 are connected through a gas supply line. A gas circulation pump 15 and a gas flow meter 13 are disposed on the air supply line, and an air outlet of the upper portion of the sealed membrane tank 4-1 and an upper gas collection space of the anaerobic reactor 3 are communicated through a return gas pipeline, and the gas return pipeline is connected An absorption tower 16 is provided.
本实施例优选采用全混式厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该厌氧反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 该厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌利用亚硝酸盐为电子受体, 将氨氮氧化为氮气。 In this embodiment, a fully mixed anaerobic reactor is preferably used, and anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the anaerobic reactor. The anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor utilize nitrite as an electron acceptor, and ammonia nitrogen is used. Oxidation to nitrogen.
本实施例釆用外置式微滤膜或超滤膜膜组件, 且该膜组件 4的组件结构形式可选择 以中空纤维膜或平板膜来实现, 其材料可选择有机膜或无机膜。 分离膜将绝大部分厌氧 氨氧化菌以及其它悬浮颗粒物质保留在反应器中, 滤过液由抽吸泵 5从系统中泵出。 由 于滤过液水质达到或优于国家排放或回用标准, 因此可以直接排放或进一步进入水回用 系统。 In this embodiment, an external microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane membrane module is used, and the assembly structure of the membrane module 4 can be selected by a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane, and the material thereof can be an organic membrane or an inorganic membrane. The separation membrane retains most of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and other suspended particulate matter in the reactor, and the filtrate is pumped from the system by a suction pump 5. Since the filtrate water quality meets or exceeds national emission or reuse standards, it can be discharged directly or further into the water reuse system.
本实施例中, 气体内循环通路包括连通该厌氧反应器与膜组件下方的分配器的送气 管路以及连通密闭式膜池 4-1的出气口与该厌氧反应器 3的回气管路。 In this embodiment, the gas inner circulation passage includes a gas supply line connecting the anaerobic reactor and the distributor below the membrane module, and an outlet port connecting the closed membrane tank 4-1 and a return gas line of the anaerobic reactor 3. .
所述送气管路上设有气体循环泵 15、 气体流量计 13, 所述厌氧反应器 3内的氮气 是从厌氧反应器 3顶部空间由该气体循环泵 15抽出并输送至所述膜曝气清洗分配器 6。 The gas supply line is provided with a gas circulation pump 15 and a gas flow meter 13. The nitrogen in the anaerobic reactor 3 is taken out from the head space of the anaerobic reactor 3 by the gas circulation pump 15 and sent to the membrane. The gas is cleaned to the dispenser 6.
所述回气管路上较佳是设有吸收塔 16, 用于吸收被吹脱物质, 以降低有害物质对厌 氧反应器 3内的厌氧生物的抑制作用。 Preferably, the return line is provided with an absorption tower 16 for absorbing the substance to be blown off to reduce the inhibitory effect of harmful substances on anaerobic organisms in the anaerobic reactor 3.
另外, 该气体内循环设备还包括设于回气管路另一分支上的气体储罐 7, 内循环用 气量可以由气体流量计控制, 故反应器中多于所需用气量的气体可自动流入气体储罐, 用于储存多余的气体以作为备用气体, 该气体储罐 7上设有压力阀 8, 当气体储罐 7中 的压力达到一定限值时压力闽 8自动打开排放气体。 In addition, the gas internal circulation device further includes a gas storage tank 7 disposed on another branch of the return air line, and the gas volume for internal circulation can be controlled by the gas flow meter, so that more gas than the required gas amount in the reactor can flow automatically A gas storage tank for storing excess gas as a backup gas, the gas storage tank 7 is provided with a pressure valve 8 which automatically opens the exhaust gas when the pressure in the gas storage tank 7 reaches a certain limit.
本实施例中, 该厌氧反应器 3与密闭式膜池 4-1之间形成液体内循环通路, 该液体 内循环通路包括连通厌氧反应器上部与密闭式膜池 4-1上部的送液管路以及连通该密闭 式膜池 4-1下部与该厌氧反应器 3下部的回液管路。 该送液管路上设有循环泵 1 1。 In this embodiment, a liquid internal circulation passage is formed between the anaerobic reactor 3 and the closed membrane tank 4-1, and the liquid internal circulation passage includes a connection between the upper portion of the anaerobic reactor and the upper portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1. a liquid line and a liquid return line connecting the lower portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 and the lower portion of the anaerobic reactor 3. A circulation pump 1 1 is provided on the liquid supply line.
为了监控厌氧反应器 3内的反应环境变化情况, 较佳是在该厌氧反应器 3内设置用 于监測如温度、 0RP、 pH等数值的传感器 10。 In order to monitor the change in the reaction environment in the anaerobic reactor 3, it is preferred to provide a sensor 10 for monitoring values such as temperature, 0 RP, pH, etc. in the anaerobic reactor 3.
为了便于更为准确理解本实施例对应的技术方案, 现将其主要工作过程描述如下:
a. 含有高氨氮、 亚硝酸盐的待处理污水由进水泵 2从进水池 1泵入厌氧反应器 3中; b. 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐与厌氧反应器 3中的厌氧氨氧化菌相接触, 利用亚硝酸 盐为电子受体, 将氨氮氧化为氮气。 其总反应式如下- 1V + 1..32Ν(¾-' +· 0.066H(X> + 0A3W— * In order to facilitate a more accurate understanding of the technical solution corresponding to this embodiment, the main working process is described as follows: a. The sewage to be treated containing high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is pumped from the inlet tank 1 into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2; b. The ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, the nitrite and the anaerobic in the anaerobic reactor 3 The ammonia oxidizing bacteria are in contact with each other, and the nitrite is used as an electron acceptor to oxidize the ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen. The total reaction formula is as follows - 1V + 1..32Ν(3⁄4-' +· 0.066H(X> + 0A3W— *
0.26 (¾~ +! .02fi2 + 0.066CH2(¾,s 0, i3 ÷ 2.03H2O 0.26 (3⁄4~ +! .02fi 2 + 0.066CH 2 (3⁄4,s 0 , i3 ÷ 2.03H 2 O
c. 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐经厌氧反应器 3中的厌氧氨氧化菌脱除后, 进一步被循 环泵 11输送至厌氧反应器 3外部的膜组件 4及其配套设备(密闭式膜池 4-1 ) 中, 膜组件 4 的滤过液由抽吸泵 5从系统中泵出。 由于滤过液水质达到或优于国家排放或回用标准, 因此可以直接排放或进一步进入水回用系统。 c. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor 3, and further transported by the circulation pump 11 to the membrane module 4 outside the anaerobic reactor 3 and its supporting equipment (sealed In the membrane tank 4-1), the filtrate of the membrane module 4 is pumped from the system by a suction pump 5. Because the filtrate water quality meets or exceeds national emission or reuse standards, it can be discharged directly or further into the water reuse system.
d. 截留在膜组件 4外的厌氧氨氧化菌或其它颗粒物将直接返回厌氧反应器 3。 d. Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria or other particulate matter trapped outside the membrane module 4 will return directly to the anaerobic reactor 3 .
e. 利用厌氧反应器 3中的厌氧氨氧化菌反应产生的氮气作为厌氧气体来源,将其以 循环方式从厌氧反应器 3顶部空间由气体循环泵 15抽出,气体经由膜组件 4下方的膜曝气 清洗分配器 6对膜组件 4进行有效擦洗, 而后气体由循环管道从密闭式膜池 4-1返回厌氧 反应器 3 ; 多余的气体储存到特定的气体储罐 7中作为备用气体或直接排放, 气体储罐 7 中的压力达到一定限值时压力阀 8打开, 自动排放气体。 e. Using nitrogen produced by the anammox reaction in the anaerobic reactor 3 as a source of anaerobic gas, it is withdrawn from the head space of the anaerobic reactor 3 by the gas circulation pump 15 in a cyclic manner, and the gas passes through the membrane module 4 The membrane aeration cleaning distributor 6 below effectively scrubs the membrane module 4, and then the gas is returned from the closed membrane tank 4-1 to the anaerobic reactor 3 by the circulation line; the excess gas is stored in the specific gas storage tank 7 as The backup gas or direct discharge, when the pressure in the gas storage tank 7 reaches a certain limit, the pressure valve 8 is opened to automatically discharge the gas.
本实施例采用全混式厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该全混式厌氧反应器中均匀悬浮生 长, 厌氧生物与进水中的污染物可以均匀充分混合, 因此厌氧生物生长状态良好, 不会 出现局部浓度过高或过低的现象, 反应器内所有部位均可高效发生厌氧反应, 从而高效 去除污染物。 膜组件起到高效固液分离作用, 利用液体内循环通路, 可以使生长缓慢的 厌氧生物全部截留在反应器内, 避免悬浮生长的厌氧生物从反应器内流失, 从而显著提 高污泥浓度; 而内循环曝气可以对膜组件进行有效的擦洗, 显著减少组件的化学清洗次 数以及膜组件更换次数, 从而最大程度上降低了化学清洗剂 (特别是氧化性清洗剂) 以 及由组件频繁更换导致系统内溶解氧浓度升高等因素对厌氧生物的影响。 In this embodiment, a full-mix anaerobic reactor is used, and anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the full-mix anaerobic reactor, and anaerobic organisms and influent pollutants can be uniformly and uniformly mixed, so the anaerobic biological growth state Good, there will be no local concentration too high or too low, and all parts of the reactor can efficiently generate anaerobic reactions, thus effectively removing pollutants. The membrane module acts as a high-efficiency solid-liquid separation. The liquid internal circulation pathway can completely trap the slow-growing anaerobic organisms in the reactor, avoiding the loss of suspended growth anaerobic organisms from the reactor, thereby significantly increasing the sludge concentration. Internal circulation aeration can effectively scrub the membrane module, significantly reducing the number of chemical cleaning of the components and the number of membrane module replacements, thereby minimizing chemical cleaning agents (especially oxidative cleaning agents) and frequent replacement of components. The effects of factors such as elevated dissolved oxygen concentration in the system on anaerobic organisms.
本实施例中, 在气体内循环通路上放置被吹脱物质的吸收塔 16 (如硫化氢吸收塔、 氨气吸收塔等) , 内循环曝气过程中可对厌氧反应器 3内的有害物质进行吹脱, 有效降 低有害物质对厌氧反应器 3内厌氧生物的抑制作用, 显著提高厌氧反应器 3的效率、 耐 冲击性及稳定性。 In this embodiment, an absorption tower 16 (such as a hydrogen sulfide absorption tower, an ammonia absorption tower, etc.) for discharging the substance is placed on the gas inner circulation passage, and the internal circulation aeration process may be harmful to the anaerobic reactor 3. The substance is blown off, effectively reducing the inhibitory effect of harmful substances on the anaerobic organisms in the anaerobic reactor 3, and significantly improving the efficiency, impact resistance and stability of the anaerobic reactor 3.
为监控膜污染趋势, 可用跨膜压差探头 9监测跨膜压力差, 用温度、 0RP、 pH等传 感器 10监控厌氧反应器反应环境变化。
实施例 2 内置式内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器 In order to monitor the trend of membrane fouling, the transmembrane pressure difference probe 9 can be used to monitor the transmembrane pressure difference, and the temperature, 0RP, pH and other sensors 10 are used to monitor the reaction environment change of the anaerobic reactor. Example 2 Built-in internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
如图 4b所示,其为本发明的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器的实施例 2的结 构示意图。 本实施例为内置式内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其包括进水池 1、 进水泵 2、 厌氧反应器 3、 膜组件 4、 出水泵 5、 分配器 6、 气体储罐 7、 压力阀 8、 跨膜 压差探头 9、 传感器 10、 气体流量计 13、 搅拌器 14、 气体循环泵 15以及吸收塔 16。 As shown in Fig. 4b, it is a schematic view of the structure of Example 2 of the internal circulation aeration anammox-membrane bioreactor of the present invention. This embodiment is a built-in internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4, an outlet pump 5, a distributor 6, and a gas reservoir. The tank 7, the pressure valve 8, the transmembrane differential pressure probe 9, the sensor 10, the gas flow meter 13, the agitator 14, the gas circulation pump 15, and the absorption tower 16.
与实施例 1相同, 本实施例采用全混式厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该全混式厌氧反应 器中均匀悬浮生长, 该厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌利用亚硝酸盐为电子受体, 将氨氮 氧化为氮气。 In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present embodiment employs a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which the anaerobic organism is uniformly suspended and grown, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic reactor utilize nitrous acid. The salt is an electron acceptor that oxidizes ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
与实施例 1的主要不同点在于, 本实施例是将膜组件 4设置于该厌氧反应器 3的内 部, 即采用内置式膜组件。 与此特点相对应, 本实施例中无需设置实施例 1中的液体内 循环通路, 而且, 该气体内循环通路只需设置连通该厌氧反应器与膜组件下方的分配器 的送气管路即可, 而无需设置实施例 1中的回气管路。 The main difference from Embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment is such that the membrane module 4 is disposed inside the anaerobic reactor 3, that is, a built-in membrane module is employed. Corresponding to this feature, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the liquid inner circulation passage in the first embodiment, and the gas inner circulation passage only needs to provide a gas supply line connecting the anaerobic reactor and the distributor below the membrane module. Yes, it is not necessary to provide the return air line in Embodiment 1.
与上述结构相对应, 本实施例的主要工作原理与实施例类似, 主要是步骤 c、 d、 e 略有差异: 前述步骤 c中, 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐经厌氧反应器 3中的厌氧氨氧化菌 脱除后, 进一步与膜组件 4接触, 分离膜组件 4将绝大部分厌氧氨氧化菌以及其它悬浮 颗粒物质保留在厌氧反应器 3中, 滤过液由抽吸泵 5从系统中泵出; 本实施例由于采用 了内置式膜组件, 因此, 无需前述实施例 1中的步骤 而步骤 e中, 利用厌氧反应器 3中的厌氧氨氧化菌反应产生的氮气作为厌氧气体来源, 将其以循环方式从厌氧反应器 3顶部空间由气体循环泵 15抽出,气体经由膜组件 4下方的膜曝气清洗分配器 6对膜组 件 4进行有效擦洗, 最后返回厌氧反应器 3上部的集气空间, 进入后续循环。 该厌氧反 应器 3上部集气空间内多余的气体储存到气体储罐 7中作为备用气体或直接排放,气体 储罐中的压力达到一定限值时压力阀 8打开, 自动排放气体。 Corresponding to the above structure, the main working principle of this embodiment is similar to the embodiment, mainly the steps c, d, e are slightly different: In the above step c, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage pass through the anaerobic reactor 3 After the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria is removed, the membrane module 4 is further contacted, and the separation membrane module 4 retains most of the anammox bacteria and other suspended particulate matter in the anaerobic reactor 3, and the filtrate is suctioned. The pump 5 is pumped out of the system; in this embodiment, since the built-in membrane module is employed, the step in the first embodiment is not required, and in the step e, the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria reaction in the anaerobic reactor 3 is utilized. Nitrogen is used as a source of anaerobic gas, which is withdrawn from the head space of the anaerobic reactor 3 by a gas circulation pump 15 in a circulating manner, and the gas is effectively scrubbed by the membrane aeration cleaning distributor 6 below the membrane module 4, and finally Return to the gas gathering space in the upper part of the anaerobic reactor 3 and enter the subsequent cycle. The excess gas in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is stored in the gas storage tank 7 as a backup gas or directly discharged. When the pressure in the gas storage tank reaches a certain limit, the pressure valve 8 is opened to automatically discharge the gas.
本实施例除了具有实施例 1中所述优点, 由于其内置式膜组件的设计形式, 使得内 循环曝气可同时实现有效膜清洗、 进水以及反应器内固液混合物的充分混匀等作用, 而 且大大简化了系统设计, 显著降低投资成本, 运行控制更加简便稳定。 实施例 3 外置式内循环射流曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器 In addition to the advantages described in the embodiment 1, the embodiment has the design form of the built-in membrane module, so that the inner circulation aeration can simultaneously achieve effective membrane cleaning, water inlet, and full mixing of the solid-liquid mixture in the reactor. And greatly simplify the system design, significantly reduce the investment cost, and the operation control is more convenient and stable. Example 3 External internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor
如图 4c所示,其为本发明的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器的实施例 3的结 构示意图。 本实施例为外置式内循环射流曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其包括进水 池 1、 进水泵 2、 厌氧反应器 3、 膜组件 4及其配套设备(密闭式膜池 4-1 ) 、 出水泵 5、
气液混合流分配器 6、 气体储罐 7、 压力 W 8、 跨膜压差探头 9、 传感器 10、 循环泵 11、 射流器 12、 气体流量计 13、 搅拌器 14以及吸收塔 16。 As shown in Fig. 4c, it is a schematic structural view of Example 3 of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention. This embodiment is an external internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor comprising a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4 and its supporting equipment (closed membrane tank 4 -1 ) , water pump 5, The gas-liquid mixed flow distributor 6, the gas storage tank 7, the pressure W8, the transmembrane differential pressure probe 9, the sensor 10, the circulation pump 11, the jet 12, the gas flow meter 13, the agitator 14, and the absorption tower 16.
其中, 进水池 1内的污水利用进水泵 2泵入厌氧反应器 3, 厌氧反应器 3的上部集 气空间与设于膜组件 4下方的气液混合流分配器 6之间通过射流曝气管路连通, 本实施 例中, 是利用射流的方式实现氮气的输送, 所述密闭式膜池 4-1上部的出气口与该厌氧 反应器 3的上部集气空间通过回气管路连通, 该回气管路上设有吸收塔 16。 Wherein, the sewage in the water inlet tank 1 is pumped into the anaerobic reactor 3 by the feed water pump 2, and the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 and the gas-liquid mixed flow distributor 6 disposed under the membrane module 4 are exposed by the jet. The gas pipeline is connected. In this embodiment, the nitrogen gas is transported by means of a jet. The gas outlet of the upper portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 and the upper gas gathering space of the anaerobic reactor 3 are connected through the gas return pipeline. An absorption tower 16 is disposed on the return line.
与实施例 1、 2相同, 本实施例较佳是采用全混式厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该全混 式厌氧反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 该厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌利用亚硝酸盐为电子受 体, 将氨氮氧化为氮气。 As in the first and second embodiments, the present embodiment preferably employs a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which the anaerobic organism is uniformly suspended and grown, and the anaerobic ammonia in the anaerobic reactor. Oxidizing bacteria use nitrite as an electron acceptor to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
如上所述, 本实施例与实施例 1的主要不同点在于, 本实施例是利用射流的方式将 厌氧反应器 3上部集气空间内的氮气送至膜组件下方的分配器 6。 具体地, 厌氧反应器 3中的固液混合物由循环泵 11泵出,而后接入射流器的进液端;厌氧反应器 3上部集气 空间内的氮气管路接入射流器的进气端; 固液混合物在循环泵 11的推动下高速流过射 流器, 这时射流器内会在进气端形成负压, 从而将厌氧反应器 3上部集气空间内的氮气 吸入射流器内 (为增加气体流量亦可增设气体循环泵将气体泵入射流器内) , 气体流量 由气体流量计 13控制, 并随后在射流器内部形成气固液高速混合流; 在射流器内形成 的气固液高速混合流, 经由膜组件下方的分配器 6在膜表面形成高速错流, 从而有效防 止膜污染。 密闭式膜池 4-1的下部通过回液管路与厌氧反应器 3的下部连通, 从而能将 截留在膜组件外的厌氧氨氧化菌或其他颗粒物直接返回厌氧反应器 3, 形成液体内循环 系统。 As described above, the main difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment is a method in which the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is sent to the distributor 6 below the membrane module by means of a jet. Specifically, the solid-liquid mixture in the anaerobic reactor 3 is pumped by the circulation pump 11 and then connected to the inlet end of the jet; the nitrogen line in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is connected to the jet inlet. The gas-liquid mixture flows through the jet at a high speed by the circulation pump 11, and a negative pressure is formed at the inlet end in the jet, thereby sucking the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 into the jet. Inside (in order to increase the gas flow, a gas circulation pump may be added to the gas pump into the flow device), the gas flow rate is controlled by the gas flow meter 13, and then a gas-solid liquid high-speed mixed flow is formed inside the jet; the jet is formed in the jet The gas-solid liquid high-speed mixed flow forms a high-speed cross flow on the surface of the membrane via the distributor 6 below the membrane module, thereby effectively preventing membrane fouling. The lower portion of the closed membrane tank 4-1 communicates with the lower portion of the anaerobic reactor 3 through the liquid return line, so that the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria or other particulate matter trapped outside the membrane module can be directly returned to the anaerobic reactor 3 to form Liquid internal circulation system.
对应地, 本实施例的工作工程与实施例 1大致相同, 区别主要在于步骤 e, 厌氧氨 氧化菌反应产生的氮气以循环方式从厌氧反应器顶部空间由由射流器 12吸出, 气液混 合流经由膜组件 4下方的膜曝气清洗分配器 6对膜组件进行有效檫洗, 而后气体由循环 管道从膜组件返回厌氧反应器 3: 多余的气体储存到特定的气体储罐 7中作为备用气体 或直接排放, 气体储罐 7中的压力达到一定限值时压力阀 8打开, 自动排放气体。 Correspondingly, the working work of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference mainly lies in the step e, the nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction is sucked from the head space of the anaerobic reactor by the jet 12 in a circulating manner, the gas and liquid The mixed stream is effectively scrubbed via the membrane aeration purge dispenser 6 below the membrane module 4, and then the gas is returned from the membrane module to the anaerobic reactor 3 by the recycle line: excess gas is stored in a particular gas storage tank 7 As a backup gas or direct discharge, when the pressure in the gas storage tank 7 reaches a certain limit, the pressure valve 8 is opened to automatically discharge the gas.
本实施例除了具有实施例 1的优点, 由于其射流方式内循环的设计形式, 气固液混 合流流速高, 分配器 6不易堵塞, 且在膜表面形成的错流速度高, 因此特别适用于高含 固物污水的处理。 实施例 4 内置式内循环射流曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器
如图 4d所示,其为本发明的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器的实施例 4的结 构示意图。 本实施例为内置式内循环射流曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其包括进水 池 1、 进水泵 2、 厌氧反应器 3、 膜组件 4及其配套设备、 出水泵 5、 分配器 6、 气体储 罐 7、 压力阀 8、 跨膜压差探头 9、 传感器 10、 循环泵 11、 射流器 12、 气体流量计 13、 搅拌器 14以及吸收塔 16。 In addition to the advantages of the embodiment 1, the embodiment has a high flow velocity of the gas-solid liquid mixed flow due to the design of the inner circulation of the jet flow mode, the distributor 6 is not easily clogged, and the cross-flow velocity formed on the surface of the membrane is high, so it is particularly suitable for use. Treatment of high solid waste water. Example 4 Built-in internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor As shown in Fig. 4d, it is a schematic structural view of Example 4 of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor of the present invention. This embodiment is a built-in internal circulation jet aeration anaerobic ammonia oxidation-membrane bioreactor, which includes a water inlet tank 1, a feed water pump 2, an anaerobic reactor 3, a membrane module 4 and its supporting equipment, a water pump 5, and distribution. The gas tank 7, the gas storage tank 7, the pressure valve 8, the transmembrane differential pressure probe 9, the sensor 10, the circulation pump 11, the fluidizer 12, the gas flow meter 13, the agitator 14, and the absorption tower 16.
与实施例 1、 2、 3相同, 本实施例采用全混式厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该全混式厌 氧反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 该厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌利用亚硝酸盐为电子受体, 将氨氮氧化为氮气。 Similar to Examples 1, 2, and 3, this embodiment adopts a fully mixed anaerobic reactor in which anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended and grown in the anaerobic reactor, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the anaerobic reactor The bacterium uses nitrite as an electron acceptor to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen.
本实施例与实施例 1的主要不同点包括: The main differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 include:
与实施例 2类似, 本实施例的膜组件是采用内置式膜组件, 即将膜组件 4设于该厌 氧反应器 3的内部, 与此对应, 相关的连接管路也相应变化, 具体请参考实施例 2。 Similar to the second embodiment, the membrane module of the present embodiment adopts a built-in membrane module, that is, the membrane module 4 is disposed inside the anaerobic reactor 3, and correspondingly, the relevant connecting pipeline also changes accordingly, for details, please refer to Example 2.
另外, 与实施例 3类似, 本实施例是利用射流的方式将厌氧反应器 3上部集气空间 内的氮气送至膜组件下方的分配器 6。 气体内循环通路的送气管路上设有射流器, 所述 厌氧反应器 3内的氮气是由射流器 12吸出并送至所述膜曝气清洗分配器 6。 Further, similarly to the embodiment 3, in the present embodiment, the nitrogen in the upper gas collecting space of the anaerobic reactor 3 is sent to the distributor 6 below the membrane module by means of a jet. A gas jet is provided in the gas supply line of the gas inner circulation passage, and the nitrogen gas in the anaerobic reactor 3 is sucked by the liquid jet 12 and sent to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor 6.
本实施例除了具有实施例 2的优点, 由于其射流方式内循环的设计形式, 气固液混 合流流速高, 分配器 6不易堵塞, 且在膜表面形成的错流速度高, 因此特别适用于高含 固物污水的处理。 以上描述了本发明多个实施例的结果组成及工作原理, 经过多次试验表明, 该内循 环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器可以达到的效果包括: 膜组件使用寿命可由现有的 30-40天提高到 3年以上, 系统内厌氧氨氧化污泥浓度可由现有的 5-15g/L提高到 20-40g/L,膜通量可由现有的 3-5L丽提高到 10LMH,且其占地面积和能源消耗水平相较 于传统硝化 /反硝化型生物脱氮工艺将显著减少 50%以上, 运行成本可节约 8C%以上, 系 统启动时间将由 1年以上缩短至 3个月以下。 In addition to the advantages of the embodiment 2, the embodiment has a high flow velocity of the gas-solid liquid mixing flow due to the design of the inner circulation of the jet flow mode, the distributor 6 is not easily clogged, and the cross-flow velocity formed on the surface of the membrane is high, so it is particularly suitable for use. Treatment of high solid waste water. The result composition and working principle of various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. After many experiments, the effects of the internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor include: The service life of the membrane module can be obtained from existing ones. Increased from 30-40 days to more than 3 years, the concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in the system can be increased from the existing 5-15g/L to 20-40g/L, and the membrane flux can be increased from the existing 3-5L to 10LMH. The floor space and energy consumption level will be significantly reduced by more than 50% compared with the traditional nitrification/denitrification biological nitrogen removal process, the operating cost can be saved by more than 8C%, and the system startup time will be shortened from one year to three months. the following.
综上所述, 本发明将厌氧内循环曝气膜分离技术与厌氧氨氧化技术相结合, 利用系 统自身产生的厌氧气体, 采用内循环的方式对浸没式或外置式膜组件进行曝气清洗, 厌 氧生物在反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 厌氧生物与进水中的污染物可以均匀充分混合, 因此 厌氧生物生长状态良好, 不会出现局部浓度过高或过低的现象; 膜组件起到高效固液分 离作用, 避免悬浮生长的厌氧生物从反应器内流失, 从而可以使生长缓慢的厌氧生物全 部截留在反应器内, 显著提高污泥浓度; 而内循环曝气可以对膜组件进行有效的擦洗,
显著减少组件的化学清洗次数以及膜组件更换次数,从而最大程度上降低了化学清洗剂 (特别是氧化性清洗剂), 以及由组件频繁更换导致系统内溶解氧浓度升高等因素对厌 氧生物的影响。 In summary, the invention combines the anaerobic internal circulation aeration membrane separation technology with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology, and utilizes the anaerobic gas generated by the system itself to expose the immersed or external membrane module by means of internal circulation. Air cleaning, anaerobic organisms are uniformly suspended in the reactor, and the anaerobic organisms and the influent pollutants can be uniformly mixed uniformly, so the anaerobic biological growth state is good, and the local concentration is too high or too low; The membrane module acts as a high-efficiency solid-liquid separation to avoid the loss of suspended growth anaerobic organisms from the reactor, so that all the slow-growing anaerobic organisms can be trapped in the reactor, significantly increasing the sludge concentration; The membrane module can be effectively scrubbed, Significantly reduce the number of chemical cleaning of the components and the number of membrane module replacements, thereby minimizing the chemical cleaning agents (especially oxidative cleaning agents), as well as the frequent replacement of components resulting in increased concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the system. influences.
以上所述, 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。 虽 然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上, 然而并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉本专业的技术 人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内, 当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修 饰为等同变化的等效实施例, 例如本发明中所包括的厌氧反应器类型、 膜组件类型或位 置、配套设备种类或数量,不仅限于实施例所述,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容, 依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、 等同变化与修饰, 均仍属于 本发明技术方案的范围内。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. The present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention. Any one skilled in the art can make some modifications or use the above disclosed technical contents without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. Equivalent embodiments modified to equivalent changes, such as the type of anaerobic reactor, the type or position of the membrane module, the type or amount of the accessory equipment included in the present invention, are not limited to the embodiments, but are not deviated from the technical solution of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications of the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1、 一种内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器,其特征在于,该膜生物反应器包括: 厌氧反应器, 厌氧生物在该厌氧反应器中均匀悬浮生长, 含有高氨氮、 亚硝酸盐的 待处理污水进入该厌氧反应器中, 厌氧生物与进水中的污染物均匀充分混合; An internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor, characterized in that the membrane bioreactor comprises: an anaerobic reactor in which the anaerobic organism is uniformly suspended and grown, and contains high The sewage to be treated of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite enters the anaerobic reactor, and the anaerobic organism is uniformly mixed with the pollutants in the influent water;
膜组件, 污水中的氨氮、 亚硝酸盐经该全混式厌氧反应器中的厌氧氨氧化菌脱除后 再由该膜组件进行固液分离, 将厌氧生物截留在反应器内, 避免悬浮生长的厌氧生物从 该全混式厌氧反应器内流失, 提高污泥浓度; Membrane module, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the sewage are removed by the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria in the full-mix anaerobic reactor, and then the solid-liquid separation is performed by the membrane module, and the anaerobic organism is trapped in the reactor. Anaerobic organisms that avoid suspended growth are lost from the fully mixed anaerobic reactor to increase sludge concentration;
气体内循环设备, 利用厌氧氨氧化菌反应产生的氮气作为厌氧气体来源, 以循环方 式将该厌氧反应器内产生的氮气输送至该膜组件下方的膜曝气清洗分配器, 经过膜组件 后气体再回到该厌氧反应器, 如此实现氮气的循环使用。 The gas internal circulation device uses nitrogen generated by the anammox reaction as a source of anaerobic gas, and circulates the nitrogen generated in the anaerobic reactor to the membrane aeration cleaning distributor under the membrane module, through the membrane The gas after the assembly is returned to the anaerobic reactor, thus achieving the recycling of nitrogen.
2、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 气体内循环设备包括气体循环泵,所述厌氧反应器内的氮气是从厌氧反应器顶部空间由 该气体循环泵抽出并输送至所述膜曝气清洗分配器。 2. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the gas internal circulation device comprises a gas circulation pump, and the nitrogen in the anaerobic reactor is annoying The oxygen reactor headspace is withdrawn by the gas circulation pump and delivered to the membrane aeration purge dispenser.
3、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 气体内循环设备包括射流器, 所述厌氧反应器内的氮气是经由射流器高速喷射出并送至 所述膜曝气清洗分配器。 3. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the gas internal circulation device comprises a jet, and the nitrogen in the anaerobic reactor is via a jet The jet is sprayed at a high speed and sent to the membrane aeration cleaning dispenser.
4、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 气体内循环设备还包括气体储罐, 用于储存多余的气体以作为备用气体。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the gas internal circulation device further comprises a gas storage tank for storing excess gas as a backup gas.
5、 如权利要求 4所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 气体储罐设有压力闽, 当气体储罐中的压力达到一定限值时压力阀打开排放气体。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 4, wherein the gas storage tank is provided with a pressure 闽, and the pressure is reached when the pressure in the gas storage tank reaches a certain limit. The valve opens the exhaust gas.
6、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 气体内循环设备的通路上设置有用于吸收被吹脱物质的吸收塔,以降低有害物质对反应 器内厌氧生物的抑制作用。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein an absorption tower for absorbing the substance to be blown off is disposed on the passage of the gas inner circulation device to reduce The inhibitory effect of harmful substances on anaerobic organisms in the reactor.
7、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 膜组件的系统出水管路上设有用于监测跨膜压力差的跨膜压差探头。 7. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein a cross-membrane differential pressure probe for monitoring a transmembrane pressure difference is provided on a system outlet pipe of the membrane module. .
8、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 厌氧反应器设有温度、 0RP及 /或 pH传感器, 以监控所述厌氧反应器的反应环境变化。 8. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic reactor is provided with a temperature, 0 RP and/or pH sensor to monitor the anaerobic The reaction environment of the reactor changes.
9、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述 膜组件设置于所述厌氧反应器的外部。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the membrane module is disposed outside the anaerobic reactor.
10、 如权利要求 9所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于,
所述厌氧反应器与所述膜组件之间形成有液体内循环通路,该液体内循环通路包括连通 所述厌氧反应器上部与所述膜组件上部的送液管路以及连通所述膜组件下部与该厌氧 反应器下部的回液管路, 该送液管路上设有循环泵, 通过循环泵, 该回液管路能够将被 截留在膜组件外的厌氧氨氧化菌或其它颗粒物返回所述厌氧反应器。 10. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 9, wherein Forming a liquid inner circulation passage between the anaerobic reactor and the membrane module, the liquid inner circulation passage including a liquid supply line connecting the upper portion of the anaerobic reactor and the upper portion of the membrane module, and the membrane a lower portion of the assembly and a liquid return line at a lower portion of the anaerobic reactor, wherein the liquid supply line is provided with a circulation pump, and the return liquid line is capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria or other substances trapped outside the membrane module The particulate matter is returned to the anaerobic reactor.
11、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述膜组件设置于所述厌氧反应器内。 The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the membrane module is disposed in the anaerobic reactor.
12、 如权利要求 1所述的内循环曝气厌氧氨氧化-膜生物反应器, 其特征在于, 所述厌氧反应器为全混式厌氧反应器。
12. The internal circulation aeration anaerobic ammonium oxidation-membrane bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic reactor is a fully mixed anaerobic reactor.
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