CN109593685B - Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method and device based on modified basalt fiber filler - Google Patents
Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method and device based on modified basalt fiber filler Download PDFInfo
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- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria enrichment method and device based on modified basalt fiber filler, which belong to the technical field of sewage biological treatment, and are characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, starting a system, mixing nitrified sludge and anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge, and then adding the mixture into a reactor filled with modified basalt fibers to fully mix the sludge; s2, at the initial stage of culture, feeding the substrate raw water into the reactor; meanwhile, circulating water is started to flow circularly; s3, controlling the water inlet speed of the raw water matrix by adopting program setting in the logarithmic growth phase, and carrying out continuous and rapid enrichment culture of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria; the enrichment method of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria can effectively shorten the generation period of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, realize high-activity proliferation in a short time, perform enrichment culture of the efficient anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and lay a foundation for engineering application of novel biological denitrification technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage biological treatment, in particular to an anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method based on modified basalt fiber filler. The enrichment method of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria can effectively shorten the generation period of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, realize high-activity proliferation in a short time, perform enrichment culture of the efficient anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and lay a foundation for engineering application of novel biological denitrification technology.
Background
The key of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification technology is the enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (Anamox bacteria). At present, no report on successful purification and isolation of Anamox bacteria by any authority has been presented, nor has the strain libraries of ATCC (American type culture Collection) and NBRC (NITE biological resource center) have associated preservation records. In recent years, the basic research layer of the domestic and foreign scientific research team for Anamox bacteria is endless, and a great deal of experimental discussion is carried out on Anamox bacteria existing in the environment (especially in activated sludge of sewage and wastewater treatment technology) by utilizing molecular biology means. However, the bottleneck problem in laboratory research or small-scale engineering application research is a fast enrichment method and a stable process running means of Anamox bacteria. The main reason for the difficulty in enriching the Anamox bacteria is that the generation period of the Anamox bacteria is long (generation time is more than 11 days), the propagation speed is slow, and the enrichment culture time is more than 1 year. For such anaerobic microorganism culture with a slow growth rate, in order to prevent the loss of the bacterial flora, enrichment of the bacterial flora is generally performed by means of gap culture. However, the existing gap culture method still has the common problems of low proliferation speed of Anamox bacteria, low yield of bacteria, long culture time, low concentration of bacteria in culture bacteria liquid, large volume of a bacteria population proliferation groove and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method based on modified basalt fiber filler, which effectively solves most bottleneck problems in the prior art and has the advantages of high Anammox bacteria proliferation speed, high thallus yield, short culture time, high thallus concentration of a culture bacterial liquid and the like; the second purpose of the invention is to provide an anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment device based on modified basalt fiber filler, which has the same effect and effectively reduces the volume of a flora proliferation groove.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method based on modified basalt fiber filler comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a system, mixing nitrified sludge and anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge which are placed for 1-2 weeks according to a mass ratio (300-600): 1, then adding the mixture into a reactor filled with modified basalt fibers, enabling the sludge concentration at the initial stage of culture to reach 3000-6000 mg/L, sealing the reactor, and carrying out nitrogen aeration for 5-15 min to enable the sludge to be fully mixed;
s2, at the initial stage of culture, feeding the substrate raw water into the reactor; meanwhile, circulating water is started to flow circularly, and the temperature of the circulating water is kept at 36-39 ℃; the hydraulic retention time is 10-30 h, and intermittent aeration is carried out for 5-15 min by taking 3-7 days as a period; monitoring the concentration of a water outlet substrate, and entering the logarithmic growth phase of anammox bacteria when the concentration of the substrate is less than or equal to 1/2 of the concentration of a water inlet substrate;
s3, controlling the water inlet speed of the raw water matrix by adopting program setting in the logarithmic growth phase, and carrying out continuous and rapid enrichment culture of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria;
the principle formula of program setting is M=A×exp (K×T); wherein M is the substrate feeding speed, A is the substrate concentration set in the initial stage of culture, K is the substrate feeding constant, and T is the number of days of culture after anammox bacteria enter the logarithmic growth phase; the matrix comprises ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, the concentration A of the matrix ranges from 30 mg/L to 50 mg/L, and the feeding constant K of the matrix ranges from 0.08 to 0.12.
Further, the modification method adopted by the modified basalt fiber filler is any one of a chitosan coating modification method or a diethylamine group grafting modification method by a physical coating method.
Further, the diameter of the modified basalt fiber is 10-20 cm, the applicable pH range is 5-9, and the surface positive charge range is 2-20 mv.
Further, the filling rate of the modified basalt fiber filler ranges from 30% to 70%.
Further, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on the modified basalt fiber comprises a raw water tank 1, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2, a sedimentation tank 3, a PLC system 4 and a water inlet pump 6; the raw water tank 1, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 and the sedimentation tank 3 are connected in sequence; the raw water tank 1 is connected with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 through a water inlet pump 6, and a control switch of the water inlet pump 6 is connected with a signal output end of the PLC system 4 and is used for controlling and adjusting the water inlet flow of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2; the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 is in a closed cylindrical shape, and the inside of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is filled with modified basalt fibers; the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 is provided with a sludge discharge port 24 for discharging sludge of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2; the outer layer of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 is provided with a water bath heat preservation jacket layer 25; the lower end of the water bath heat preservation jacket layer 25 is provided with a circulating water inlet 26, and the upper end is provided with a circulating water outlet 27 for circulating water; a nitrogen aeration pipe 28 is laid at the bottom of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 for nitrogen aeration.
Further, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 is provided with an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor water inlet 21 and an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor water outlet 22; the raw water tank 1 is connected with a water inlet 21 of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and is used for introducing water of the raw water tank into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2; the water outlet 22 of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank 3 through a U-shaped pipeline and is used for guiding the water discharged from the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 into the sedimentation tank 3.
Further, an air outlet 23 is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2, and the air outlet 23 is connected with the liquid seal water tank 5 through an air flow meter 211 and is used for sealing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2.
Further, a groove is formed at the top end of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2, and a fiber bundle support member 210 is arranged on the groove, so that the modified basalt fibers are suspended along the water flow direction.
Further, the water bath heat insulation jacket layer 25 is made of any one of organic glass, carbon steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
Further, the fiber bundle support member 210 is made of any one of stainless steel, plexiglas, PP or PVC.
Further, the fiber bundle support 210 is fixed by any one of screw fixation, adhesive fixation or welding fixation.
Furthermore, the raw water tank 1, the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 and the sedimentation tank 3 are made of any one of organic glass, carbon steel or glass reinforced plastic.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the existing Anamox bacteria culture technology, the Anamox bacteria culture method has the advantages that the generation period of the Anamox bacteria cultured by the method is short (the generation period of 1.8 days can be realized), the high-activity proliferation can be realized in a short time, the substrate feeding amount can be saved, and the efficient culture can be performed.
2. Compared with the conventional filler, the modified basalt filler has better flexibility, hydraulic dispersibility and biological affinity and stronger adsorption force on Anamox thalli. The three-dimensional space structure of the filler dispersed in water can promote the enrichment of Anamox thalli with high concentration, and is not easy to fall off and run off. The filler is green and environment-friendly, can be directly buried after being used, does not need secondary treatment, and saves cost.
The Anamox bacteria enrichment device is simple, continuous automatic control culture is implemented only by setting the concentration of the water inlet matrix, and the aim of rapidly enriching the Anamox bacteria can be achieved without complex operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on MBF novel filler.
Reference numerals
The device comprises a raw water tank 1, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2, a sedimentation tank 3, a 4PLC system, a liquid seal water tank 5, a water inlet pump 6, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor water inlet 21, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor water outlet 22, an air inlet 23, a mud discharge port 24, a 25 water bath heat preservation jacket layer, a 26 circulation water inlet 27, a circulation water outlet 28, a nitrogen aeration pipeline 210, a fiber bundle support piece and a 211 gas flowmeter.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in FIG. 1, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on the modified basalt fiber comprises a raw water tank 1, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 and a sedimentation tank 3, wherein the materials are all organic glass; the raw water tank 1 is connected with a water inlet 21 of an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through a water inlet pump 6, and a water outlet 22 of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank 3 through a U-shaped pipeline; the control switch of the water inlet pump 6 is connected with the signal output end of the PLC system 4 and controls and regulates the water inlet flow; the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 is in a closed cylinder shape, the top end of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is provided with an air outlet 23 which is connected with the liquid seal water tank 5 through an air flow meter 211, the bottom of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is provided with a mud discharge port 24, the outer layer of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is provided with a water bath heat insulation jacket layer 25 which is made of organic glass, the lower end of the jacket layer is provided with a circulating water inlet 26, and the upper end of the jacket layer is provided with a circulating water outlet 27; a nitrogen aeration pipeline 28 is paved at the bottom in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2, modified basalt fibers are hung along the water flow direction, and fiber bundle supports 210 are arranged in the grooves at the top end.
The program setting principle formula of the PLC system 4 is m=a×exp (k×t); wherein M is the substrate feeding speed, A is the substrate concentration set in the initial stage of culture, K is the substrate feeding constant, and T is the number of days of culture after anammox bacteria enter the logarithmic growth phase; the substrate comprises ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the initial stage of culture is 30-35 mg/L, and the substrate feeding constant K is 0.1.
The filling modification basalt fiber in the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is obtained by mechanically weaving basalt fiber with the fiber bundle diameter of 15 cm, the applicable pH range of 5-9, the surface positive charge of about 5.5 mv, the fastening type fixation and the filler filling rate of about 35% after the basalt fiber is modified by a chitosan coating method (firstly, the surface of the basalt fiber is etched by alkali liquor, the surface is washed to be neutral by deionized water, dried and activated, and then the physical coating is carried out, chitosan is used as a modifier, and the dried basalt fiber after etching is soaked in a chitosan solution to prepare the hydrophilic polymer modified basalt fiber).
The filler support 210 at the top of the anaerobic ammoxidation is made of organic glass and is fixed by screws.
The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method based on the modified basalt fiber specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a system, mixing nitrified sludge placed for 2 weeks and a small amount of anaerobic ammoxidation sludge according to a mass ratio of 500:1, adding the mixture into an anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 filled with modified basalt fiber filler, enabling the sludge concentration in the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2 at the initial stage of culture to reach 5000 mg/L, sealing the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 2, and aerating for about 10 minutes through a nitrogen aeration pipeline 28 at the bottom to fully mix the sludge;
s2, continuously pumping the matrix raw water which is prepared by simulation in the raw water tank 1 into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 by the water inlet pump 6 at the initial stage of culture, and starting culture to maintain the hydraulic retention time of 24 h; meanwhile, circulating water in the water bath heat preservation jacket 25 is started to circularly flow, the temperature of the circulating water is kept at about 39 ℃, and a gas flowmeter 211 connected with the gas outlet 23 is started; intermittently performing micro-aeration for 10 min through a nitrogen aeration pipeline 28 at the bottom by taking 3-5 days as a period, and accelerating the adsorption of the modified basalt fiber on the activated sludge; and monitoring the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the effluent, and judging that the reactor enters the logarithmic growth (proliferation) period of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is lower than 15 mg/L.
S3, in the logarithmic growth phase, a PLC system 4 is adopted to link a water inlet pump to intelligently control the water inlet speed of the raw water matrix, and continuous and rapid enrichment culture of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is carried out.
Continuous test effect:
for 10 days of domestication, a large amount of activated sludge is loaded on basalt fiber (MBF) filler to be yellow brown, obvious floating bubbles begin to appear in the reactor, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is about 22 mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is 20 mg/L. After 23 days, anaerobic ammoxidation reactionA small amount of red color appears in the middle of the yellow brown sludge on the MBF filler in the device 2, the number of bubbles is increased, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is about 15 mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen concentration is 13 mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate is about 45%, and the volumetric nitrogen load reaches 0.04 kg/m 3 ･ d. The color of the sludge in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 is between yellow brown and red brown after the domestication is performed for about 40 days, which shows that the concentration of Anamox bacteria is increased and the proliferation trend is good. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2 is cultured for about 65 days, macroscopic red floccule sludge appears in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 2, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen by the system reaches 92%, the removal rate of nitrite nitrogen reaches 95%, and the total nitrogen removal rate is more than 78%.
In summary, the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method and device based on the modified basalt fiber filler provided by the invention have the advantages of high Anammox bacteria proliferation speed, high bacterial yield, short culture time, high bacterial concentration of a culture bacterial liquid, small volume of a bacterial population proliferation groove and the like, and have industrial value.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria enrichment method based on the modified basalt fiber filler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, starting a system, mixing nitrified sludge and anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge which are placed for 1-2 weeks according to a mass ratio (300-600): 1, then adding the mixture into a reactor filled with modified basalt fibers, enabling the sludge concentration at the initial stage of culture to reach 3000-6000 mg/L, sealing the reactor, and performing nitrogen aeration for 5-15 min to enable the sludge to be fully mixed;
s2, at the initial stage of culture, feeding the substrate raw water into the reactor; meanwhile, circulating water is started to flow circularly, and the temperature of the circulating water is kept at 36-39 ℃; the hydraulic retention time is 10-30 h, and intermittent aeration is carried out for 5-15 min by taking 3-7 days as a period; monitoring the concentration of a water outlet substrate, and entering the logarithmic growth phase of anammox bacteria when the concentration of the substrate is less than or equal to 1/2 of the concentration of a water inlet substrate;
s3, controlling the water inlet speed of the raw water matrix by adopting program setting in the logarithmic growth phase, and carrying out continuous and rapid enrichment culture of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria;
the principle formula of the program setting is M=A×exp (K×T); wherein M is the substrate feeding speed, A is the substrate concentration set in the initial stage of culture, K is the substrate feeding constant, and T is the number of days of culture after anammox bacteria enter the logarithmic growth phase; the matrix comprises ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, the concentration A of the matrix ranges from 30 mg/L to 50 mg/L, and the feeding constant K of the matrix ranges from 0.08 to 0.12; the modified basalt fiber adopts any one of chitosan coating modification or diethylamine group grafting modification methods by a physical coating method; the diameter of the modified basalt fiber is 10-20 cm, the application pH range is 5-9, and the voltage range with positive charges on the surface is 2-20 mv; the filling rate of the modified basalt fiber ranges from 30% to 70%.
2. The device adopting the modified basalt fiber filler-based anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria enrichment method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a raw water tank (1), an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2), a sedimentation tank (3), a PLC system (4) and a water inlet pump (6); the raw water tank (1), the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) and the sedimentation tank (3) are connected in sequence; the raw water tank (1) is connected with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) through the water inlet pump (6), and a control switch of the water inlet pump (6) is connected with a signal output end of the PLC system (4) and is used for controlling and adjusting the water inlet flow of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2); the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) is in a closed cylindrical shape, and modified basalt fibers are filled in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor; a sludge discharge port (24) is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) and is used for discharging sludge of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2); the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) is provided with a water bath heat-preserving jacket layer (25), the lower end of the water bath heat-preserving jacket layer (25) is provided with a circulating water inlet (26), and the upper end of the water bath heat-preserving jacket layer is provided with a circulating water outlet (27) for water circulation; a nitrogen aeration pipeline (28) is paved at the inner bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) and is used for nitrogen aeration;
the top end of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) is provided with an air outlet (23), and the air outlet (23) is connected with a liquid seal water tank (5) through an air flow meter (211) and is used for sealing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2).
3. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on modified basalt fiber filler according to claim 2, wherein the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (2) is provided with an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor water inlet (21) and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor water outlet (22); the raw water tank (1) is connected with a water inlet (21) of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and is used for guiding water of the raw water tank into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2); the water outlet (22) of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank (3) through a U-shaped pipeline and is used for guiding water discharged from the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (2) into the sedimentation tank (3).
4. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on modified basalt fiber filler as claimed in claim 2, wherein a groove is arranged at the top end of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (2), and a fiber bundle supporting piece (210) is arranged on the groove to suspend the modified basalt fiber along the water flow direction.
5. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on modified basalt fiber filler according to claim 2, wherein the fixing mode of the fiber bundle support (210) is any one of screw fixing, gluing type or welding type.
6. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria enrichment device based on modified basalt fiber filler according to claim 2, wherein the raw water tank (1), the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (2) and the sedimentation tank (3) are made of any one of organic glass, carbon steel or glass reinforced plastic.
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| CN110526391B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-09-21 | 江苏大学 | Equipment for rapidly enriching suspended anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and use method |
| CN110526392A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-03 | 江苏大学 | Anaerobic ammonoxidation bacterium concentrating device and application method based on cushion basalt fibre filler |
| CN110668581B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2021-11-05 | 北京工业大学 | Suspended anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria continuous flow reactor and automatic control method |
| CN112645450B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-26 | 北京化工大学 | Device and process for treating municipal sewage by using micro-aerobic upflow biological filter |
| CN114368887A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-19 | 图方便（苏州）环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment device capable of promoting microbial fermentation and application thereof |
| CN114409198A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-04-29 | 东南大学 | Food wastewater treatment method based on modified basalt fiber filler and biological treatment agent |
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