WO2013174227A1 - 一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法及其设备 - Google Patents

一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法及其设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013174227A1
WO2013174227A1 PCT/CN2013/075683 CN2013075683W WO2013174227A1 WO 2013174227 A1 WO2013174227 A1 WO 2013174227A1 CN 2013075683 W CN2013075683 W CN 2013075683W WO 2013174227 A1 WO2013174227 A1 WO 2013174227A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass fiber
sleeper
polyurethane resin
cloth
fiber woven
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075683
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张英杰
祝涛
陈文姬
Original Assignee
北京盘天新技术有限公司
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Application filed by 北京盘天新技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京盘天新技术有限公司
Publication of WO2013174227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013174227A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
    • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B29C63/04—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
    • B29C63/08—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically
    • B29C63/10—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/8008—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations specially adapted for winding and joining
    • B29C53/8066—Impregnating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous production method of a composite sleeper, and to an apparatus for producing a sleeper using the production method, which belongs to the field of sleepers.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Sleepers are often used to carry objects and are indispensable materials in the field of railway construction, special track travel equipment and load bearing equipment. According to the composition of the materials, the sleepers are mainly divided into wooden sleepers, reinforced concrete sleepers, steel sleepers and composite sleepers. With the development of technology, the composite sleeper has become an emerging material sleeper. The composite sleeper has stronger performance in absorbing the weight of the train than the wooden sleeper, and thus has received extensive attention in the field of railway construction.
  • Rubber composite composite sleeper is made of waste tire or recycled plastic thermoplastic elastomer as the outer shell of sleeper. Concrete is used as the inner core of sleeper. It is made by extrusion process and has the characteristics of impact resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength. . Although it can recycle a large amount of used tires and waste plastics in technical application, it is environmentally friendly, but the product is not only complicated in production process, but also uses waste rubber and recycled plastic which are unstable from the above sources as the outer shell of the sleeper. Its weather resistance and aging resistance are poor.
  • the FRP composite sleeper is composed of a FRP cylinder and a filling material disposed in the FRP cylinder; wherein the FRP cylinder is made of unsaturated polyester resin, glass fiber roving, and powder filler, and is used for winding, pultrusion, hand lay, etc. Processed, the filling material is generally made of high-strength foam.
  • the obtained FRP composite sleeper has excellent mechanical properties, but because of its use Winding, pultrusion, hand lay-up and other processes have extremely low production efficiency and poor product stability and weather resistance.
  • the polyurethane synthetic sleeper is a continuous glass fiber impregnated with a foamed polyurethane resin, and a relatively thin plate is first obtained by a continuous molding process, and then laminated and bonded.
  • polyurethane PU for short
  • PU polyurethane
  • polyurethane is a polymer made of a polyisocyanate and a polyether polyol or a polyester polyol or/and a small molecular polyol, a polyamine or a chain extender such as water or a crosslinking agent.
  • Chinese patent CN101328311A discloses a manufacturing process of a polyurethane synthetic sleeper, which first needs to guide the yarn, and guides the glass fiber roving to a desired section through a single set of creels and a yarn guiding device, and defines the running speed of the yarn to be 0.1 ⁇ 1.0 m/min; using a foaming machine to inject the polyurethane stock solution to the glass fiber roving, thereby achieving uniform impregnation of the glass fiber roving with the polyurethane resin. Thereafter, the glass fiber impregnated with the polyurethane resin enters a rolling forming mold, and the temperature is controlled at 60 to 120 ° C to form and cure the sleeper, and finally the cured sleeper is cut.
  • the glass fiber roving is carried out in the same longitudinal direction under the guidance of a single set of creels and a yarn guiding device, so that the occipito is easily bent and deformed under stress, thereby causing the sleepers.
  • the rupture in the radial direction causes the sleeper to fail as a whole.
  • CN101850622A discloses a manufacturing process of a composite sleeper, which firstly needs to select a wood material or a composite material as an inner core; longitudinally winding a glass fiber roving on the outside of the wood material, to The glass fiber roving is sprayed with an unsaturated polyester resin to which at least a curing agent is added, and the glass fiber roving is infiltrated by the unsaturated polyester resin to form an unsaturated polyester resin reinforced glass fiber without flaws.
  • the roving layer no treatment is applied to the core of the composite.
  • the sleeper in the technology is also a glass fiber multiaxial cloth which is surface-treated with a coupling agent by the unsaturated polyester resin reinforced glass fiber roving or composite core. And spraying the urethane resin on the multi-axial cloth of the glass fiber, and infiltrating the glass fiber multiaxial cloth with the urethane resin and fully emitting The foam forms a multiaxial coating of the urethane resin reinforcing fiber.
  • the manufacturing process of the composite sleeper is only spraying the polyurethane resin on the surface of the resin, the polyurethane resin is unevenly distributed, and the polyurethane is not well immersed in the glass fiber multiaxial cloth, so the polyurethane resin is in the polyurethane resin reinforcing fiber after the foaming is completed.
  • the uneven distribution in the multi-axial fabric layer affects the strength of the multi-axial layer of the polyurethane resin reinforcing fiber, so that the outer layer of the sleeper is easily damaged.
  • Another problem with this process is that it is difficult to achieve continuous and automated production of sleepers, long production cycles, high workload, low production efficiency, and poor stability of sleeper products.
  • a first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that a polyurethane resin synthetic sleeper manufacturing process in the prior art adopts a single longitudinal alignment of glass fibers, and no shear reinforcement is provided at a lateral position, and the manufactured sleeper is When the force is bent, it is easy to cause interlaminar shear damage, and even the defect of the overall failure of the sleeper, thereby providing a method for producing a composite sleeper; the second problem to be solved by the present invention is spraying the glass fiber in the prior art.
  • the polyurethane resin of the multiaxial cloth is unevenly distributed, and the glass fiber multiaxial cloth is not well immersed, so that the polyurethane resin is unevenly distributed in the multiaxial cloth layer of the polyurethane resin reinforcing fiber after the foaming is completed, thereby affecting
  • the defect of the strength of the polyaxial cloth layer of the polyurethane resin reinforcing fiber further provides a method for producing the composite type sleeper;
  • the third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the composite type sleeper of the prior art has a long production cycle , heavy workload, low production efficiency, continuous realization of sleeper and automatic production, and rail
  • the defect of poor stability of the pillow product provides a method for producing a composite sleeper.
  • the present invention provides a continuous production method of a composite sleeper, which comprises the following four steps:
  • the urethane resin in the mold is aged, and after the aging is completed, the mold is removed to obtain the composite sleeper.
  • the inner core of the sleeper is a prestressed concrete material.
  • the glass fiber woven fabric is one or more of a multiaxial cloth of glass fiber, a woven woven fabric, and a glass fiber dewaxed cloth.
  • the spray amount of the polyurethane resin: glass fiber woven fabric is 200-800 g/m 2 .
  • the press-strength of the glass fiber woven fabric which is sprayed with the urethane resin is 0.09-0. l lMpa.
  • the glass fiber-impregnated glass fiber composite cloth in which the concrete core is wound has a thickness of 1.5 to 3.0 cm.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for continuous production of a composite sleeper, the apparatus being sequentially provided with a first rotating device, a stretching mechanism, a sprinkler, a counter roller, a shearing device and a second rotating device; a glass fiber woven fabric for placing a roll, the sprinkler being located at the stretch Between the mechanism and the counter roller, the second rotating device is for placing the inner core of the sleeper, and the shearing device is located between the pair of rollers and the second rotating device. Two reservoirs are provided at the upper end of the sprinkler, and the sprinklers are connected to the two reservoirs by pipes.
  • a static mixer is also provided within the sprinkler.
  • the two ends of the inner core of the sleeper are provided with a groove, and the groove cooperates with a positioning member on the rotating shaft of the second rotating device to fix the inner core of the sleeper to the second rotating device.
  • the continuously produced sleeper of the present invention the polyurethane resin impregnated with the glass fiber woven fabric is foamed to form a composite layer of the sleeper, and the glass fiber woven fabric is used to prepare the shear force in multiple directions of the sleeper, thereby forming the sleeper.
  • the bending of the interlaminar shear force does not occur when the force is bent, and the composite material has a certain damping effect, so that the sleeper produced by the present invention can absorb noise better.
  • the polyurethane resin is uniformly impregnated into the glass fiber woven fabric by pressing the roller to form a flat surface, and the polyurethane resin is sufficiently saturated with the glass fiber fabric. After the foaming is completed, the polyurethane resin can be uniformly distributed. .
  • the invention realizes the continuous production of the composite type sleeper by four processes of unfolding, soaking, winding and forming, can be automatically produced, greatly improves the production efficiency, and the stability of the product of the sleeper is good.
  • the glass fiber woven fabric is flattened and creased by the stretching mechanism, so that the polyurethane resin can be satisfactorily immersed, and when wound around the inner core of the prestressed concrete sleeper, the winding is more compact and uniform.
  • the invention further adopts closed foaming in the mold, can well control the foaming magnification, easily obtain the density of the suitable outer layer of the sleeper, and can also control the shape of the sleeper after the foaming, so as to stabilize the manufactured sleeper. improve.
  • the invention adopts prestressed concrete material as the inner core of the sleeper, and improves the inner core of the sleeper
  • the strength avoids the problem that the wooden inner core is used as a crack in the core of the sleeper, and the process of using the fiberglass roving winding to increase the strength of the inner core of the sleeper is avoided, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
  • the maximum load of the sleeper can be increased to meet the requirements of high-speed and heavy-duty operation of the railway.
  • the spraying amount of the polyurethane resin is used in the present invention: the glass fiber woven fabric is 200-800 g/m 2 , so that the glass fiber woven reinforced polyurethane resin composite material layer of the sleeper can have a higher layer.
  • the inter-shear force ensures that the polyurethane resin and the glass fiber are relatively evenly distributed after the foaming is completed.
  • the extrusion strength of the glass fiber woven fabric with the polyurethane resin extruded by the pair of rolls is 0.09-0.11 MPa, that is, the polyurethane resin can be uniformly impregnated with the glass fiber woven fabric, and the polyurethane resin is not obtained. Pressed or extruded.
  • the concrete core of the present invention is wound with the polyurethane resin-impregnated glass fiber composite cloth having a thickness of 1.5 to 3.0 cm, which can ensure that the glass fiber reinforced polyurethane resin composite material layer reaches the required thickness. , to achieve higher interlaminar shear force and good shock absorption effect, and can avoid the problem of too low strength of the sleeper.
  • the apparatus of the present invention adopts a technical solution in which a first rotating device, a stretching mechanism, a sprinkler, a counter roller, a shearing device, and a second rotating device are sequentially disposed, so that they are combined to form a continuous
  • the production line can meet the requirements of continuous production and automated production.
  • the present invention employs a device in which two reservoirs are disposed at the upper end of the sprinkler, and the sprinkler is respectively connected to the two reservoirs through a pipe, and one of the storage materials stored in the reservoir is a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, and a resistor.
  • the fuel and anti-aging agent, the other raw material stored in the storage is isocyanate, the two raw materials can directly enter the sprinkler to form a raw liquid of the polyurethane resin, and then ejected from the sprinkler, so that the continuous realization can be more Production, and in the case of actual production, the amount of the two raw materials of the polyurethane resin in the two reservoirs can be adjusted at any time.
  • the present invention employs a static mixer to ensure that the raw liquid of the urethane resin is more uniformly mixed in the sprinkler.
  • the continuous production apparatus is sequentially provided with a first rotating device 1, a stretching mechanism 3, a sprinkler 4, a counter roller 5, and a second rotating device 6.
  • a roll of glass fiber multiaxial cloth 2 is placed on the first rotating device 1, and the glass fiber is multi-axially spread when the first rotating device 1 drives the roll of the glass fiber multiaxial cloth 2 to rotate.
  • the glass fiber multiaxial cloth passes through the expansion mechanism 3, the glass fiber multiaxial cloth can be smoothly spread and the wrinkles are removed, and in order to better unfold and remove the wrinkles of the glass fiber multiaxial cloth, it can be set Two support mechanisms 3.
  • the sprinkler 4 is located between the expansion mechanism 3 and the counter roller 5 and above the glass fiber multiaxial cloth.
  • Two reservoirs are provided at the upper end of the sprinkler 4, and the two reservoirs are connected to the sprinkler 4 by pipes, respectively.
  • the glass fiber multi-axial cloth is formed to form a flat surface, and the polyurethane resin can fully penetrate the glass fiber multiaxial cloth; in order to better realize the polyurethane resin impregnating the glass fiber multiaxial cloth, Two sets of counter rolls 5 are provided, that is, the polyurethane resin impregnated glass fiber multi-axial cloth is passed through the counter roll twice, so that after the foaming is completed, the polyurethane resin can be uniformly distributed.
  • a shearing device is provided between the pair of rollers 5 and the second rotating device 6, and the shearing device can automatically cut the polyurethane-impregnated glass fiber multiaxial cloth between the pair of rollers 5 and the second rotating device 6.
  • the inner core 7 of the sleeper is a prestressed concrete material, and the two ends of the inner core 7 of the sleeper are provided with a groove 8 on the rotating shaft of the second rotating device 6
  • the positioning members cooperate to fix the sleeper core 7 to the second rotating device 6.
  • the second rotating device 6 drives the sleeper inner core 7 to rotate, the polyurethane impregnated glass fiber multiaxial cloth is wound around the outer layer of the sleeper inner core 7.
  • the continuous production method places the roll of the glass fiber multiaxial cloth 2 on the first rotating device 1, and the first rotating device 1 drives the roll of the glass fiber multiaxial cloth 2 to rotate it, and then the glass fiber is more
  • the axial cloth passes through the expansion mechanism 3, and the expansion mechanism 3 flattens out the glass fiber multi-axial cloth to remove wrinkles.
  • two reservoirs are arranged, one of which stores a raw material of a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, a flame retardant and an anti-aging agent, and the other material stored in the reservoir is an isocyanate.
  • the sprinkler 4 is connected to the two reservoirs by pipes, and the raw materials of the accumulator are input into the sprinkler 4, and then the two raw materials are uniformly mixed by a static mixer to prepare a stock solution of the polyurethane resin.
  • the sprayer 4 uniformly sprays the polyurethane resin on the flattened glass fiber multiaxial cloth surface, the amount of the polyurethane resin sprayed:
  • the axial cloth is 500 g/m 2
  • the glass fiber multiaxial cloth sprayed with polyurethane resin passes through the pair of rolls 5, and the pressing strength of each set of rolls is 0.1 MPa, so that the polyurethane resin is uniformly impregnated into the glass fiber.
  • a sleeper core 7 of prestressed concrete material is placed on the second rotating device 6, and the second rotating device 6 drives the rotating sleeper core 7 to rotate, and the glass fiber multiaxial cloth impregnated with the polyurethane resin Winding on the outer surface layer of the inner core 7 of the sleeper; when the thickness of the glass fiber multiaxial cloth wound around the outer layer of the inner core 7 of the sleeper reaches 2 cm, the shearing device can automatically cut off the opposite roller 5 and the second rotating device A glass fiber multiaxial cloth between 6 is used, the second rotating device automatically replaces the next sleeper, and the sleeper core 7 around which the glass fiber multiaxial cloth is wound is placed in the mold.
  • the glass fiber multiaxial cloth impregnated with the polyurethane resin may be manually pulled to a second rotating device, and the glass fiber multi-axial cloth impregnated with the polyurethane resin is wound around the outer surface of the sleeper.
  • the mold is placed in an oven for aging, and at the same time, the foaming and curing of the polyurethane resin is completed.
  • the mold is removed, and the outer layer is a reinforced polyurethane resin composite layer with a glass fiber multiaxial cloth reinforcement, and the inner core is a composite sleeper of prestressed concrete material.
  • the production equipment is the same as the production equipment of (1) in the first embodiment, except that: the expansion mechanism 3 is set to one, the roller 5 is set as a group, and a reservoir is provided at the upper end of the sprayer 4, The sprinkler 4 is connected to the reservoir by a pipe, and there is no static mixer in the sprinkler 4.
  • the continuous production method places the roll of the glass fiber twill cloth 2 on the first rotating device 1, the first rotating device 1 drives the roll of the glass fiber twill cloth 2 to rotate it, and then the glass fiber twill cloth passes through the expansion mechanism 3, The spreading mechanism 3 flattens out the glass fiber twill and removes wrinkles.
  • the stock solution of the uniformly mixed polyurethane resin is stored in the reservoir, can be directly input into the sprayer 4, and then uniformly sprayed on the surface of the polyurethane resin under the paint sprayer, the spray amount of the polyurethane resin: the glass fiber twill is 800 g/m 2 , the glass fiber twill sprayed with the polyurethane resin is passed through the pair of rolls 5, and the pressing strength of the pair of rolls 5 is Ol lMPa, so that the polyurethane resin is uniformly impregnated into the glass fiber twill and forms a flat surface.
  • a sleeper core 7 of prestressed concrete material is placed on the second rotating device 6, and the second rotating device 6 drives the rotating pillow inner core 7 to rotate, and the glass fiber twill impregnated with polyurethane resin is wound around The outer surface layer of the inner core of the sleeper 7; when the thickness of the glass fiber twill wound around the outer layer of the inner core 7 of the sleeper reaches 3 cm, the shearing device can automatically cut the glass fiber between the pair of rollers 5 and the second rotating device 6. The twill cloth, the second rotating device automatically replaces the next sleeper, and the sleeper core 7 around which the glass fiber twill is wound is placed in the mold.
  • the glass fiber twill impregnated with the polyurethane resin may be manually pulled and pulled to a second rotating device, and the glass fiber twill impregnated with the polyurethane resin is wound around the outer surface of the sleeper.
  • the mold is placed in an oven for aging, and at the same time, the foaming and curing of the polyurethane resin is completed.
  • the mold is removed, and the outer layer is a reinforced polyurethane resin composite layer reinforced with a glass fiber twill, and the inner core is a composite sleeper of prestressed concrete material.
  • the continuous production method places the roll of the glass fiber woven fabric 2 on the first rotating device 1, and the first rotating device 1 drives the roll of the glass fiber woven fabric 2 to rotate it, and then the glass fiber woven fabric Through the expansion mechanism 3, the expansion mechanism 3 flattens out the glass fiber woven fabric to remove wrinkles.
  • Two reservoirs disposed at the upper end of the sprayer 4, one of which stores a raw material of a polyol, a foaming agent, a catalyst, a flame retardant, and an anti-aging agent, and the other material stored in the reservoir is an isocyanate.
  • the sprinkler 4 is connected to the two reservoirs by pipes, and the raw materials of the accumulator are input into the sprinkler 4, and then the two raw materials are uniformly mixed by a static mixer to prepare a stock solution of the polyurethane resin.
  • the sprayer 4 will uniformly spray the polyurethane resin on the surface of the glass fiber woven fabric, and the spray amount of the polyurethane resin: the glass fiber woven fabric is 200 g/m 2
  • the glass fiber woven fabric sprayed with the urethane resin is passed through the pair of rolls 5, and the pressing strength of each set of the rolls is 0.09 MPa, so that the urethane resin is uniformly impregnated into the glass fiber woven fabric and forms a flat surface.
  • a sleeper core 7 of prestressed concrete material is placed on the second rotating device 6, and the second rotating device 6 drives the rotating pillow inner core 7 to rotate, and the glass fiber cloth impregnated with the urethane resin is wound around The outer surface layer of the inner core of the sleeper 7; when the thickness of the glass fiber woven fabric wound around the outer layer of the inner core 7 of the sleeper reaches 1.5 cm, the shearing device can automatically cut off between the pair of rollers 5 and the second rotating device 6 The glass fiber woven fabric impregnated with the urethane resin, the second rotating device automatically replaces the next sleeper, and the sleeper core 7 around which the glass fiber woven fabric is wound is placed in the mold.
  • the glass fiber woven fabric impregnated with the polyurethane resin can be manually pulled and pulled to the second rotation.
  • the rotating device, the glass fiber woven fabric impregnated with the polyurethane resin is wound around the outer surface of the sleeper.
  • the mold is placed in an oven for aging, and the foaming and curing of the polyurethane resin is completed.
  • the mold is removed, and the outer surface layer is a glass fiber reinforced polyurethane resin composite layer, and the inner core is a prestressed concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法，该方法包括以下四个工序：（1）展开，展开玻璃纤维织布后通过撑展机构；（2）浸透，将聚氨酯树脂均匀地喷洒于所述玻璃纤维织布的表面，然后经过对辊，形成平整的表面；（3）卷绕，所述玻璃纤维织布卷绕于轨枕内芯的外表面，剪断玻璃纤维织布后将其放置于模具内；（4）成型，对所述模具内的聚氨酯树脂进行熟化，熟化完成后，脱除模具，得到所述复合型轨枕。本发明还提供一种复合型轨枕的连续生产的设备。该方法生产的轨枕层间剪切力不容易被破坏，且该方法轨枕的外表层中的聚氨酯树脂分布均匀，该方法实现了连续化和自动化生产。

Description

一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法及其设备 技术领域 本发明涉及一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法，还涉及使用该生产方法生产 轨枕的设备， 属于轨枕领域。 背景技术 枕木常被用于承载物体， 是铁路建设、 专用轨道走行设备铺设和承载设 备领域中不可或缺的材料。 根据其组成材料的不同， 枕木主要分为木制枕木、 钢筋混凝土枕木、 钢制枕木和复合材料枕木。 随着技术的发展， 目前复合材料枕木成为新兴的材料枕木， 该复合材料 枕木较之木制枕木等具有更强的吸收列车行驶时产生重量的性能， 从而在铁 路建设领域得到了广泛的关注。 根据复合材料的种类不同， 其主要分为橡塑 复合枕木、 玻璃钢复合枕木以及聚氨酯合成枕木。 橡塑复合枕木是以废旧轮胎或者回收塑料制得的热塑性弹性体作为枕木 的外壳， 以混凝土作为枕木的内芯， 采用挤出工艺制得的， 其具有抗冲击、 耐腐蚀、 高强度的特点。 虽然其在技术应用上可以将大量的废旧轮胎和废塑 料回收利用， 具有环保意义， 但是该产品不仅生产工艺复杂， 而且采用以上 述来源并不稳定的废旧橡胶和回收塑料作为枕木的外壳， 因此其耐候性和耐 老化性较差。 玻璃钢复合枕木是由玻璃钢筒体和设置在玻璃钢筒体内的填充材料组 成； 其中， 玻璃钢筒体是以不饱和聚酯树脂、 玻璃纤维粗紗、 粉末填料为原 料， 采用缠绕、 拉挤、 手糊等工艺制作而成， 填充材料一般采用高强度泡沫 材料。 制得的玻璃钢复合材料枕木具有优良的力学性能， 但是由于其采用缠 绕、 拉挤、 手糊等工艺所以生产效率极低， 产品稳定性和耐候性都较差。 聚氨酯合成枕木是由发泡聚氨酯树脂浸渍连续玻璃纤维， 通过连续成型 工艺先制得较薄的板材， 之后再将其层叠粘合而成。 其中聚氨酯 (简称 PU)是 由多异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇或聚酯多元醇或 /及小分子多元醇、 多元胺或水等 扩链剂或交联剂等原料制成的聚合物。 通过改变原料种类及组成， 可以大幅 度地改变产品形态及其性能， 得到从柔软到坚硬的最终产品。 该种枕木具有 重量轻、 耐腐蚀、 绝缘性能好、 便于现场加工和施工的特点。 中国专利 CN101328311A公开一种聚氨酯合成枕木的制造工艺， 该工艺 首先需要进行导紗， 将玻璃纤维无捻粗紗通过单组紗架和导紗装置引导至所 需截面， 限定导紗运行速度为 0.1〜1.0m/min;使用发泡机注胶将聚氨酯原液均 对玻璃纤维无捻粗紗进行挤压， 从而实现聚氨酯树脂对所述玻璃纤维无捻粗 紗的均匀浸渍。 之后， 浸渍过聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维进入滚动成型模具， 控 制温度在 60〜120°C , 对枕木进行成型固化， 最后对经固化后的枕木进行切割 即可。 在该现有技术中， 所述玻璃纤维无捻粗紗在单组紗架和导紗装置引导 下， 沿着相同的纵向方向进行， 所以导致枕木容易在受力状态下发生弯曲变 形， 从而造成枕木在径向上的破裂， 使得枕木整体失效。 现有技术中， 中国专利文献 CN101850622A公开一种复合成轨枕的制造工 艺， 该工艺首先需要选择木质材料或者复合材料作为内芯； 在所述木质材料 外部纵向缠绕玻璃纤维无捻粗紗， 向所述玻璃纤维无捻粗紗上喷涂至少添加 有固化剂的不饱和聚酯树脂， 并利用所述不饱和聚酯树脂对所述玻璃纤维无 捻粗紗进行浸润， 形成不饱和聚酯树脂增强玻璃纤维无捻粗紗层； 对所述复 合材料内芯则不进行任何处理。 在前述处理的基础上， 该技术中所述轨枕还 在所述不饱和聚酯树脂增强玻璃纤维无捻粗紗或复合材料内芯外包裹经偶联 剂表面处理后的玻璃纤维多轴向布， 并向所述玻璃纤维多轴向布上喷涂聚氨 酯树脂， 并利用所述聚氨酯树脂对所述玻璃纤维多轴向布进行浸润并充分发 泡形成聚氨酯树脂增强纤维多轴向布层。 但是该复合枕木的制造工艺只是将聚氨酯树脂喷洒于树脂的表面，聚氨酯 树脂分布不均匀， 而且聚氨酯也不能很好的浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布， 因此发 泡完成后聚氨酯树脂在聚氨酯树脂增强纤维多轴向布层中分布不均匀， 从而 影响了聚氨酯树脂增强纤维多轴向布层的强度， 使得轨枕的外表层容易受到 破坏。 该工艺存在另一个问题， 即该工艺很难实现轨枕的连续化和自动化生 产， 生产周期较长， 工作量大， 生产效率低， 且轨枕制品的稳定性较差的问 题。 发明内容 本发明所要解决的第一个技术问题是现有技术中的聚氨酯树脂合成轨 枕制造工艺采用了玻璃纤维单一的纵向排列方式导紗，没有设置横向位置的 剪力配筋， 制造的轨枕在受力发生弯曲时容易导致层间剪力破坏， 甚至轨枕 整体失效的缺陷， 进而提供一种复合型轨枕的生产方法； 本发明所要解决的第二个问题是现有技术中的喷涂于玻璃纤维多轴向 布的聚氨酯树脂分布不均匀， 而且也不能 ^艮好的浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布， 因 此发泡完成后聚氨酯树脂在聚氨酯树脂增强纤维多轴向布层中分布不均匀， 从而影响了聚氨酯树脂增强纤维多轴向布层的强度的缺陷，进而提供一种复 合型轨枕的生产方法； 本发明所要解决的第三个技术问题是现有技术中的复合型轨枕的生产 周期较长， 工作量大， 生产效率低， 不能实现轨枕的连续化和自动化生产， 且轨枕制品的稳定性较差的缺陷， 进而提供一种复合型轨枕的生产方法。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法， 该 方法包括以下四个工序：
( 1 )展开 转动成卷的玻璃纤维织布使其展开， 然后再通过撑展机构使所述玻璃纤 维织布平整展开；
( 2 )浸透 将聚氨酯树脂均勾地喷洒于所述玻璃纤维织布的表面， 再将所述玻璃纤 维织布经过对辊， 在对辊的挤压下， 所述聚氨酯树脂均匀地浸透于玻璃纤维 织布， 并且形成平整的表面；
(3 )卷绕 所述浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布卷绕于轨枕内芯的外表面， 然后 剪断浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布， 再将卷绕有所述玻璃纤维织布的轨 枕内芯放置于模具内；
( 4 )成型 对所述模具内的聚氨酯树脂进行熟化， 熟化完成后， 脱除模具， 便得到 所述复合型轨枕。 所述轨枕内芯为预应力混凝土材料。 所述玻璃纤维织布为玻璃纤维的多轴向布、 方格布和玻璃纤维脱蜡布中 一种或几种。 所述聚氨酯树脂的喷洒量： 玻璃纤维织布为 200- 800 g/m2。 在所述步骤（2 ) 中， 所述对辊挤压喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布的 挤压强度为 0.09-0. l lMpa。 在所述步骤（3 ) 中， 所述混凝土芯卷绕的经聚氨酯树脂浸透的所述玻璃 纤维复合布的厚度为 1.5-3.0cm。 本发明还提供一种复合型轨枕的连续生产的设备， 该设备依次设置有第 一旋转装置、 撑展机构、 喷洒器、 对辊、 剪切装置和第二旋转装置； 所述第一旋转装置用于放置成卷的玻璃纤维织布， 所述喷洒器位于撑展 机构与对辊之间， 所述第二旋转装置用于放置轨枕内芯， 所述剪切装置位于 所述对辊与第二旋转装置之间。 在所述喷洒器的上端设置有两个储存器， 所述喷洒器通过管道与两个储 存器分别连接。 在所述喷洒器内还设置有静态混合器。 所述轨枕内芯的两端设置有凹槽， 所述凹槽与第二旋转装置的转轴上的 定位件相配合， 使所述轨枕内芯固定于第二旋转装置。 本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
( 1 )本发明连续生产的轨枕， 玻璃纤维织布浸透的聚氨酯树脂经发泡 后形成轨枕的复合材料层，利用玻璃纤维织布的设置实用了轨枕多个方向的 剪力配制， 从而在轨枕受力弯曲时也不会出现层间剪力的破坏， 而且复合材 料具有一定减震作用， 使得本发明生产的轨枕可以更好地吸收噪音。
本发明通过对辊的挤压所述聚氨酯树脂均匀地浸透于玻璃纤维织布，使 其形成平整的表面， 聚氨酯树脂充分地浸透于玻璃纤维织物， 发泡完成后， 聚氨酯树脂可以均勾地分布。 本发明采用展开、浸透、卷绕和成型等四个工序实现了复合型轨枕的连 续生产， 可以进行自动化生产， 大大提高了生产效率， 而且的轨枕的制品的 稳定性好。 本发明通过撑展机构使玻璃纤维织布平整展开、去除褶皱， 这样可以很 好浸透聚氨酯树脂， 而且在卷绕于预应力混凝土轨枕内芯时， 卷绕的更加密 实、 均匀。
本发明进一步采用在模具内封闭式发泡， 可以很好控制发泡的倍率， 容 易得到适合的轨枕外层复合材料的密度， 还可以控制发泡后轨枕的形状，使 制造的轨枕的稳定性提高。
( 2 )本发明采用预应力混凝土材料作为轨枕的内芯， 提高了轨枕内芯 的强度，避免了使用木质内芯作为轨枕内芯容易出裂缝的问题， 同时也避免 了使用玻璃纤维无捻粗紗缠绕设置来增加轨枕内芯的强度的工序，简化制造 的工序， 提高了生产效率， 同时提高轨枕的最大荷载， 能够可以满足铁路高 速、 重载运营的荷载的要求。
( 3 )本发明采用所述聚氨酯树脂的喷洒量： 玻璃纤维织布为 200-800 g/m2方案，这样既可以使轨枕的玻璃纤维织布增强的聚氨酯树脂复合材料层 具有较高的层间剪力，又可以保证在发泡完成后聚氨酯树脂与玻璃纤维分布 相对均匀。
( 4 )本发明采用所述对辊挤压喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布的挤 压强度为 0.09-0.11Mpa, 即可以实现聚氨酯树脂均匀地浸透玻璃纤维织布， 也不会将聚氨酯树脂压死或挤出。
( 5 )本发明所述混凝土芯卷绕有所述经聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维复 合布的厚度为 1.5-3.0cm的方案， 既可以保证玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯树脂复合 材料层的达到所要求的厚度， 达到较高的层间剪力和具有良好减震的效果， 又可以避免太厚造成轨枕强度降低的问题。
( 6 )本发明的所述的设备采用依次设置有第一旋转装置、 撑展机构、 喷洒器、 对辊、 剪切装置和第二旋转装置的技术方案， 这样组合在一起便形 成一条连续的生产线， 可以实现了连续化和自动化生产的要求。
( 7 )本发明采用在喷洒器的上端设置有两个储存器， 喷洒器通过管道 与两个储存器分别连接的装置， 其中一个储存器储存的原料为多元醇、发泡 剂、 催化剂、 阻燃剂和防老化剂， 另一种储存器内储存的原料为异氰酸酯， 两种原料可以直接进入喷洒器形成聚氨酯树脂的原液， 然后从喷洒器喷出， 这样可以更大程度地实现连续化的生产， 而可以实际生产的情况， 随时调整 两个储存器内的聚氨酯树脂的两种原料的加入量。
( 8 )本发明采用静态混合器， 可以保证降氨酯树脂的原液在喷洒器内 混合的更加均匀。 附图说明 为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解， 下面根据本发明的具体实施 例并结合附图， 对本发明作进一步佯细的说明， 其中 图 1是本发明所述复合型轨枕的连续生产的设备的示意图。
图中附图标记表示为： 1-第一旋转装置、 2-成卷的玻璃纤维织布， 3-撑展 机构， 4-喷洒器、 5-对辊， 6-第二旋转装置， 7-轨枕内芯， 8-凹槽。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的描述，但应当说明的是， 这 些实施例仅用于说明本发明的方法和设备，而并不能将本发明的范围局限于 些。
下面将通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。 实施例 1
( 1 )生产设备 如图 1所示，所述连续生产设备依次设置有第一旋转装置 1、撑展机构 3、 喷洒器 4、 对辊 5、 和第二旋转装置 6。 在所述第一旋转装置 1上放置有成卷 的玻璃纤维多轴向布 2,当第一旋转装置 1驱动成卷的玻璃纤维多轴向布 2转 动时使玻璃纤维多轴向布展开。当所述玻璃纤维多轴向布通过所述撑展机构 3 时， 可以平整地展开玻璃纤维多轴向布并且去除褶皱， 为了更好地展开并去 除玻璃纤维多轴向布的褶皱， 可以设置两个撑展机构 3。 所述喷洒器 4位于撑 展机构 3和对辊 5之间并且位于玻璃纤维多轴向布的上方。 在喷洒器 4的上 端设置有两个储存器， 分别通过管道将两个储存器与喷洒器 4连接。 经对辊 挤压聚氨酯树脂浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布后， 形成平整的表面， 聚氨酯树脂可 以充分地浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布； 为了更好地实现聚氨酯树脂浸透玻璃纤维 多轴向布， 可以设置两组对辊 5 , 即聚氨酯树脂浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布两次通 过对辊， 因此发泡完成后， 聚氨酯树脂可以均勾地分布。 在所述对辊 5 与第 二旋转装置 6之间设置有剪切装置， 剪切装置可以自动切断对辊 5与第二旋 转装置 6之间的所述聚氨酯浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布。 在所述第二旋转装置 6 用于放置轨枕内芯 7, 所述轨枕内芯 7为预应力混凝土材料， 所述轨枕内芯 7 的两端设置有凹槽 8,所述凹槽 8与第二旋转装置 6的转轴上的定位件相配合， 使轨枕内芯 7固定于第二旋转装置 6。 当所述第二旋转装置 6驱动轨枕内芯 7 旋转时， 使得所述聚氨酯浸透玻璃纤维多轴向布缠绕于轨枕内芯 7的外表层。
( 2 )连续生产方法 将成卷的玻璃纤维多轴向布 2放置于第一旋转装置 1上，第一旋转装置 1 驱动成卷的玻璃纤维多轴向布 2转动使其展开， 然后玻璃纤维多轴向布通过 撑展机构 3 , 所述撑展机构 3将玻璃纤维多轴向布平整展开、 去除褶皱。 在喷洒器 4 的上端设置有两个储存器， 其中一个储存器储存的原料为多 元醇、 发泡剂、 催化剂、 阻燃剂和防老化剂， 另一种储存器内储存的原料为 异氰酸酯， 喷洒器 4通过管道与两个储存器分别连接， 并且将储存器的原料 输入到喷洒器 4 内， 然后通过静态混合器将两种原料均匀混合， 从而制得聚 氨酯树脂的原液。 当平整的玻璃纤维多轴向布经过喷漆器的下方时， 所述喷 洒器 4将聚氨酯树脂均匀地喷洒于平整过的玻璃纤维多轴向布表面， 所述聚 氨酯树脂的喷洒量： 玻璃纤维多轴向布为 500 g/m2, 喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻 璃纤维多轴向布再通过对辊 5 , 每组对辊的挤压强度均为 O.lMPa, 使得聚氨 酯树脂均匀地浸透于玻璃纤维多轴向布并且形成平整的表面。 在所述第二旋转装置 6上放置有预应力混凝土材料的轨枕内芯 7,所述第 二旋转装置 6驱动转轨枕内芯 7旋转， 将所述浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维 多轴向布卷绕于所述轨枕内芯 7的外表层； 当卷绕于轨枕内芯 7的外表层的 玻璃纤维多轴向布的厚度达到 2cm, 剪切装置可以自动切断对辊 5与第二旋 转装置 6之间的玻璃纤维多轴向布， 第二旋转装置自动更换下一个轨枕， 并 将卷绕有所述玻璃纤维多轴向布的轨枕内芯 7放置于模具内。 完成剪切后， 可人工将所述聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维多轴向布牵拉至第二个旋转装置， 使所述聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维多轴向布缠绕于轨枕的外表面。 最后将所述模具放入烘房进行熟化， 同时完成聚氨酯树脂的发泡和固化， 熟化完成后脱除模具， 制得外表层为玻璃纤维多轴向布增强的聚氨酯树脂复 合材料层， 内芯为预应力混凝土材料的复合型轨枕。 实施例 2
( 1 )生产设备 采用与实施例 1中 （1 )相同的生产设备， 不同点在于： 撑展机构 3设置 为一个， 对辊 5设置为一组， 在喷洒器 4的上端设置一个储存器， 喷洒器 4 通过管道与储存器连接， 喷洒器 4内也没有静态混合器。
( 2 )连续生产方法 将成卷的玻璃纤维斜纹布 2放置于第一旋转装置 1上， 第一旋转装置 1 驱动成卷的玻璃纤维斜纹布 2转动使其展开， 然后玻璃纤维斜纹布通过撑展 机构 3 , 所述撑展机构 3将玻璃纤维斜纹布平整展开、 去除褶皱。 混合均匀的聚氨酯树脂的原液储存于储存器内， 可直接输入到喷洒器 4 内， 然后均匀地喷洒于喷漆器下方聚氨酯树脂的表面， 所述聚氨酯树脂的喷 洒量： 玻璃纤维斜纹布为 800g/m2, 喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维斜纹布再通 过对辊 5 , 对辊 5的挤压强度为 O.l lMPa, 使得聚氨酯树脂均匀地浸透于玻璃 纤维斜纹布并且形成平整的表面。 在所述第二旋转装置 6上放置有预应力混凝土材料的轨枕内芯 7,所述第 二旋转装置 6驱动转轨枕内芯 7旋转， 将所述浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维 斜纹布卷绕于所述轨枕内芯 7的外表层； 当卷绕于轨枕内芯 7的外表层的玻 璃纤维斜纹布的厚度达到 3cm, 剪切装置可以自动切断对辊 5与第二旋转装 置 6之间的玻璃纤维斜纹布， 第二旋转装置自动更换下一个轨枕， 并将卷绕 有所述玻璃纤维斜纹布的轨枕内芯 7放置于模具内。 完成剪切后， 可人工将 所述聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维斜纹布， 并牵拉至第二个旋转装置， 使所述 聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维斜纹布缠绕于轨枕的外表面。 最后将所述模具放入烘房进行熟化， 同时完成聚氨酯树脂的发泡和固化， 熟化完成后脱除模具， 制得外表层为玻璃纤维斜纹布增强的聚氨酯树脂复合 材料层， 内芯为预应力混凝土材料的复合型轨枕。 实施例 3
( 1 )生产设备 采用与实施例 1中 （1 )相同的生产设备， 不同点在于： 撑展机构 3设置 为 2个， 对辊 5设置为 6组。
( 2 )连续生产方法 将成卷的玻璃纤维方格布 2放置于第一旋转装置 1上， 第一旋转装置 1 驱动成卷的玻璃纤维方格布 2转动使其展开， 然后玻璃纤维方格布通过撑展 机构 3 , 所述撑展机构 3将玻璃纤维方格布平整展开、 去除褶皱。 在喷洒器 4 的上端设置的两个储存器， 其中一个储存器储存的原料为多 元醇、 发泡剂、 催化剂、 阻燃剂和防老化剂， 另一种储存器内储存的原料为 异氰酸酯， 喷洒器 4通过管道与两个储存器分别连接， 并且将储存器的原料 输入到喷洒器 4 内， 然后通过静态混合器将两种原料均匀混合， 从而制得聚 氨酯树脂的原液。 当平整的玻璃纤维织经过喷漆器的下方时， 所述喷洒器 4 将将聚氨酯树脂均匀地喷洒于玻璃纤维方格布表面， 所述聚氨酯树脂的喷洒 量： 玻璃纤维方格布为 200g/m2, 喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维方格布再通过 对辊 5 , 每组对辊的挤压强度均为 0.09MPa, 使得聚氨酯树脂均勾地浸透于玻 璃纤维方格布并且形成平整的表面。 在所述第二旋转装置 6上放置有预应力混凝土材料的轨枕内芯 7,所述第 二旋转装置 6驱动转轨枕内芯 7旋转， 将所述浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维 布卷绕于所述轨枕内芯 7的外表层； 当卷绕于轨枕内芯 7的外表层的玻璃纤 维方格布的厚度达到 1.5cm,剪切装置可以自动切断对辊 5与第二旋转装置 6 之间的浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维方格布， 第二旋转装置自动更换下一个 轨枕， 并将卷绕有所述玻璃纤维方格布的轨枕内芯 7放置于模具内。 完成剪 切后， 可人工将所述聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维方格布， 并牵拉至第二个旋 转装置， 使所述聚氨酯树脂浸透的玻璃纤维方格布缠绕于轨枕的外表面。 最后将所述模具放入烘房进行熟化， 同时完成聚氨酯树脂的发泡和固化, 熟化完成后脱除模具， 制得外表层为玻璃纤维增强的聚氨酯树脂复合材料层, 内芯为预应力混凝土材料的复合型轨枕。
显然， 上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例， 而并非对实施方式 的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说， 在上述说明的基础上还可以做 出其它不同形式的变化或变动。 这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷 举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围 之中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种复合型轨枕的连续生产方法， 其特征在于该方法包括以下四个工 序：
( 1 )展开 转动成卷的玻璃纤维织布使其展开， 然后再通过撑展机构使所述玻璃纤 维织布平整展开；
( 2 )浸透 将聚氨酯树脂均匀地喷洒于所述玻璃纤维织布的表面， 再将所述玻璃纤 维织布经过对辊， 在对辊的挤压下， 所述聚氨酯树脂均匀地浸透于玻璃纤维 织布， 并且形成平整的表面；
(3 )卷绕 所述浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布卷绕于轨枕内芯的外表面， 然后 剪断浸透有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布， 再将卷绕有所述玻璃纤维织布的轨 枕内芯放置于模具内；
( 4 )成型 对所述模具内的聚氨酯树脂进行熟化， 熟化完成后， 脱除模具， 便得到 所述复合型轨枕。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述轨枕内芯为预应力混 凝土材料。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述玻璃纤维织布为 玻璃纤维多轴向布、 玻璃纤维斜纹布、 玻璃纤维网格布、 玻璃纤维方格布和 玻璃纤维脱蜡布中的一种或几种。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3中任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于： 所述聚氨酯 树脂的喷洒量： 玻璃纤维织布为 200- 800 g/m2。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤
(2) 中， 所述对辊挤压喷洒有聚氨酯树脂的玻璃纤维织布的挤压强度为 0.09-0. HMpa„
6、 根据权利要求 1-5中任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤
(3) 中， 所述轨枕内芯卷绕的经聚氨酯树脂浸透的所述玻璃纤维织布的厚度 为 1.5- 3cm。
7、 一种复合型轨枕的连续生产的设备， 其特征在于： 该设备依次设置有 第一旋转装置 （1)、 撑展机构 （3)、 喷洒器（4)、 对辊（5)、 剪切装置和第 二旋转装置（ 6 ); 所述第一旋转装置（1 )用于放置成卷的玻璃纤维织布（2), 所述喷洒器
(4)位于撑展机构 （3) 与对辊（5)之间， 所述第二旋转装置 （6)用于放 置轨枕内芯 （7), 所述剪切装置位于所述对辊（5)与第二旋转装置 （6)之 间。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的设备， 其特征在于： 在所述喷洒器（4) 的上 端设置有两个储存器， 所述喷洒器（4)通过管道与两个储存器分别连接。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的设备， 其特征在于： 在所述喷洒器（4) 内还设置有静态混合器。
10、根据权利要求 7-9中任意一项所述的设备， 其特征在于： 所述轨枕内 芯 （7) 的两端设置有凹槽（8), 所述凹槽（8)与第二旋转装置（6) 的转轴 上的定位件相配合， 使轨枕内芯 （7) 固定于第二旋转装置（6)。
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