WO2013163771A1 - Collecteur cylindrico-parabolique comprenant un ensemble de concentrateurs - Google Patents

Collecteur cylindrico-parabolique comprenant un ensemble de concentrateurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013163771A1
WO2013163771A1 PCT/CH2013/000074 CH2013000074W WO2013163771A1 WO 2013163771 A1 WO2013163771 A1 WO 2013163771A1 CH 2013000074 W CH2013000074 W CH 2013000074W WO 2013163771 A1 WO2013163771 A1 WO 2013163771A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trough collector
concentrators
collector according
concentrator
skew
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2013/000074
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Pedretti
Gianluca AMBROSETTI
Sergio GRANZELLA
Original Assignee
Airlight Energy Ip Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airlight Energy Ip Sa filed Critical Airlight Energy Ip Sa
Priority to CN201380022958.4A priority Critical patent/CN104471326A/zh
Priority to US14/397,723 priority patent/US20150354856A1/en
Priority to EP13721583.6A priority patent/EP2844928A1/fr
Publication of WO2013163771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013163771A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/876—Reflectors formed by assemblies of adjacent reflective elements having different orientation or different features
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar collector with a concentrator arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Trough collectors find u.a. in solar power plants application, wherein arrangements for the secondary concentration for such trough collectors have been increasingly proposed. To date, it has not been able to generate solar power in application of this technology in approximately cost-covering nature because of the not yet overcome disadvantages of photovoltaics.
  • Solar thermal power plants on the other hand, have been producing electricity on an industrial scale for some time now at prices which, compared to photovoltaics, are close to the current commercial prices for conventionally generated electricity.
  • the radiation of the sun is mirrored by collectors with the help of the concentrator and focused specifically on a place in which thereby high temperatures (or high light density) arise.
  • the concentrated heat can be dissipated and used to operate thermal engines such as turbines, which in turn drive the generating generators.
  • Dish Sterling systems Today, three basic forms of solar thermal power plants are in use: Dish Sterling systems, solar tower power plant systems and parabolic trough systems.
  • the Dish Sterling systems as small units in the range of up to 50 kW per module have not generally prevailed.
  • Solar tower power plant systems have a central, raised (on the "tower") mounted absorber for hundreds to thousands of individual mirrors with mirrored to him sunlight, with which the radiation energy of the sun over the many mirrors or concentrators concentrated in the absorber and so temperatures be achieved up to 1300 ° C, which is favorable for the efficiency of the downstream thermal machines (usually a steam or fluid turbine power plant for power generation).
  • California Solar has a capacity of several MW.
  • the PS20 plant in Spain has an output of 20 MW.
  • Solar tower power plants (in spite of the advantageously achievable high temperatures) to date also found no greater distribution.
  • Parabolic trough power plants are widespread and have a large number of collectors, which have long concentrators with a small transverse dimension, and thus have not a focal point but a focal line.
  • These line concentrators today have a length of 20 m to 150 m.
  • an absorber tube for the concentrated heat (up to 500 ° C), which transports the heat to the power plant.
  • transport medium z.Bsp. Thermal oil, molten salts or superheated steam in question.
  • an important parameter for the efficiency of a solar power plant is the temperature of the transport medium heated by the collectors, through which the recovered heat is transported away from the collector and used for conversion to, for example, power: higher temperature allows a higher conversion efficiency achieve.
  • the realizable in the transport medium temperature in turn depends on the concentration of the reflected solar radiation through the concentrator.
  • a concentration of 50 means that in the focal zone of the concentrator an energy density per m 2 is achieved which corresponds to 50 times the energy radiated from the sun to one m 2 of the earth's surface.
  • the theoretically maximum possible concentration depends on the geometry of the earth - the sun, ie on the opening angle of the solar disk observed from the earth. From this opening angle of 0.27 ° it follows that the theoretically maximum possible concentration factor for trough collectors is 213. Even with very elaborate, and thus for the industrial use (too) expensive mirrors that are close in cross-section of a parabola and thus produce a focal line area with the smallest diameter, it is not possible today, this maximum concentration of 213 even close to reach , However, a reliably achievable concentration of about 50 to 60 is realistic and already allows the above-mentioned temperatures of about 500 ° C in the absorber tube of a parabolic trough power plant.
  • Secondary concentrators designed as Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) appear particularly suitable for a concentration in the longitudinal direction, but have the disadvantage that the achievable concentration is dependent on the acceptance angle (9 in ) of the secondary concentrator (radiation which falls outside the acceptance angle into the secondary concentrator the focal point range generated by it): the larger 9 in , the smaller the further concentration achievable by the CPC secondary concentrator. It has been proposed in US 2010/037953 to arrange the secondary concentrators formed as Fresnel lenses or parabolic reflectors pivotable relative to the primary concentrator so that they can be tracked continuously to the current skew angle.
  • the solution shown for the embodiment of the pivotable secondary concentrators has the disadvantage that these are only used over a small part of the necessary pivoting riches without piling on each other and thus blocking a further swiveling movement. It is conceivable to equip the arrangement shown with secondary concentrators spaced apart in vertical position, which would indeed allow the necessary pivoting, but would mean that in the vertical position required during operation not the entire solar radiation reflected by the primary concentrator can be concentrated secondarily, which increases the efficiency of the solar panel diminished.
  • FIG. 1a schematically shows a gutter collector of known design with an arrangement of secondary concentrators
  • FIG. 1b schematically shows the daily path of the sun and the skew angle lc occurring schematically the skew angle in the collector
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a first preferred embodiment of the trough collector according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a view of a portion of the juxtaposed rows of secondary concentrators according to the view of Figure 4,
  • Fig. 6 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7a to 7c show a side view of a concentrating element modified according to the invention for different acceptance ranges.
  • Fig. La shows a trough collector 1 according to the prior art with a primary concentrator 2, which rests in a frame not shown in detail for relief of the figure, is designed to pivot and can be tracked so the daily run of the sun.
  • the double arrow 3 shows the longitudinal direction, the double arrow 4, the transverse direction of the trough collector 1 and the double arrow 5, the pivoting directions of the collector first
  • secondary concentrators 9 designed here as Fresnel lenses and a sunbeam 10 incident on the primary concentrator 2, reflected by this as beam 11 against a focal line area of the primary concentrator 2 and after passing through a secondary concentrator 9 in the longitudinal direction 3 is broken, so that it is finally directed as a beam 12 to a focus areas 13.
  • the incident sunbeams are first concentrated in the transverse direction 4, then in the longitudinal direction 3, with the resulting focal point regions 13 lying on an absorber tube 14, which absorbs the heat and dissipates it via a heat-transporting medium.
  • the primary concentrator 2 shown here as a rigid mirror can also be designed as a flexible foil clamped in a pressure cell, as shown for example in WO 2010/037243.
  • a pressure cell as shown for example in WO 2010/037243.
  • absorber tube 14 shown here it is also possible to provide photovoltaic cells for the production of electricity at the location of the focal point regions 13.
  • FIG. 1b shows the daily orbit of the sun with respect to a collector 1. Shown is the north-south oriented collector 1 with the horizon symbolized by the dashed line 20 as it may be visible from the collector 1. Further illustrated is the orbit 21 of the sun on a summer day which begins at point 22 in the east and ends at point 23 in the west. Also visible is the orbit 25 of the Sun on a winter day, starting at the east at point 26 and ending at the west at point 27.
  • the collector 1 By pivoting according to the double arrow 5, the collector 1 is continuously aligned during the day with the sun, i. in the morning he is tilted to the left with reference to the figure 1b, horizontally aligned in the middle of the day and tipped to the right in the evening.
  • the normal 28 of the collector 1 which is perpendicular to the indicated in dashed lines, extending in the longitudinal direction 3 generating line 29 of the concentrator 2: for example, it closes with the sun's ray 30 (sun in the winter half-year) a first angle S, and with the sun's rays 31 (sun in the summer half-year) a second angle S a.
  • Angle S is known in the art as a skew angle and refers to the incidence of the sun's rays in the longitudinal direction 3 obliquely to the concentrator of the collector when it is aligned with the sun.
  • a sunbeam 31 falls obliquely from the front onto the collector 1, the skew angle is negative; if a sunbeam 30 falls obliquely from behind onto the collector 1, the skew angle is positive. If a sunbeam coincides with the normal 29 at noon, the skew angle is 0. This is shown in summary in FIGS. 1 c and 1 d. If the collector 1 is aligned with the sun, the sun rays under the skew angle S fall on the sun Concentrator 2 such that they lie with the normal len 29 in a plane E, wherein the discharge of the figure, not shown, reflected rays are concentrated in the focal zone of the concentrator 2.
  • FIG. 1 d shows a diagram with the range of the skew angle from the location Dubai as a function of the season: the season t is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the value of the skew angle in degrees on the vertical axis.
  • the diagram of FIG. 1 d is based on a north-south orientation of the collector 1, the pivoting range of which ranges from -70 ° to + 70 ° (0 ° corresponds to the horizontal orientation over noon).
  • FIG. 2 shows a secondary concentrator 40, as can be used in a collector 1 (FIG. 1 a) instead of the secondary concentrators 9, which are shown schematically there as Fresnel lenses.
  • the secondary concentrator 40 has a front wall 41 and a rear wall 42, which are formed as Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC).
  • CPC's are generally known to those skilled in the art.
  • the CPC serves for the secondary concentration of the sun's rays 11, 11 'reflected by the primary concentrator 2 (FIG. 1 a), ie concentrates them in the longitudinal direction 3.
  • a right side wall 43 and a left side wall 44 which are formed as a Trumpet Concentrator and allow concentrated by the primary concentrator 4 in the transverse direction 4 sun rays 11 additionally in the transverse direction 4 again.
  • the person skilled in the art is aware of a Trumpet Concentrator.
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Shown is a collector 50, with a flexible, arranged in a pressure cell 51 concentrator membrane 52, the incident sun rays 53, 53 'primarily concentrated and thus reflected as rays 54,54' to a secondary concentration arrangement 55.
  • the pressure cell 51 is clamped in a frame 59 of the collector 50.
  • a carriage 58 In a frame 56 below the absorber tube 57, a carriage 58 is arranged, which is arranged in the transverse direction 4 back and forth under the absorber tube 57 and secondary concentrators 40 (Figure 2) carries here in several adjacent rows 60, 61st and 62 so that the secondary concentrators 40 are grouped in rows 60-62. In each row or group 60 to 62 are then the associated secondary concentrators 40 behind each other and are thus arranged along the length of the primary concentrator along.
  • each row (or group) 60 to 62 is differently oriented from those of another group, thus having a differently oriented acceptance range and are thus capable of secondarily concentrating radiation corresponding to an associated predetermined area of the skew angel S, ie corresponds to a predetermined skew area:
  • FIG. 4 shows a view from above onto the collector 50 according to FIG. 3, wherein the absorber tube 57 has been omitted in order to relieve the figure. Its position is represented by the line 70.
  • three rows or groups 60 to 62 of secondary concentrators 40 are arranged according to the illustrated embodiment. As noted above, the secondary concentrators 40 in a respective row are aligned with an associated skew area.
  • the dashed line 71 denotes a section of the rows 60 to 62 of secondary concentrators, which is shown in more detail in FIG.
  • the trough collector according to the invention has an arrangement 65 for secondary concentration of the sun's rays 54, 54 'reflected by the primary concentrator 42, which further concentrates them into focus areas 46 ( Figure 2), the arrangement 65 for secondary concentration of the reflected radiation having a number of different orientations, here
  • Secondary concentrators 40 has trained concentrating components and further comprises means for alternately bringing the concentrating components into an operating position in the path of the reflected radiation or into a rest position outside the path of the reflected radiation. These means are formed in the embodiment according to the figure 3 as a frame 56, carriage 58 and drive for the carriage 58.
  • Figure 5 shows the view of the section according to the broken line 71 from the rows 60 to 62 of secondary concentrators 40. To relieve the figure, the carriage 58 and all other elements of the collector 50 is omitted, only the position of the absorber tube 57 is through the line 71 marked. In the figure, the different orientation of the secondary concentrators of each of the rows 60 to 62 is clearly visible.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of a secondary concentrator shown in FIG. 2, in accordance with the invention any element through which the radiation reflected by the primary concentrator is concentrated longitudinally into a focal point region.
  • the means for the displacement of the secondary concentrating elements may be formed differently, it is conceivable, for example, instead of a moving carriage 56 via the frame 56, to arrange the secondary concentrating elements on rotating, placed around the absorber tube rings.
  • photovoltaic cells may be arranged in the focus areas formed by the secondary concentrating elements.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a collector 80 according to the present invention in which the secondary concentration assembly 65 is modified.
  • a single row 83 of secondary concentrating elements, here of secondary concentrators 40, in the frame 56 via retaining arms 84 is fixed.
  • rows 85 and 86 of attachment elements 87 and 89 are arranged which, depending on the position of the carriage 85 in an operating position (ie in the path of the radiation 44,44 ') and together with the secondary concentrators 40 form a modified element for secondary concentration .
  • the effect of the attachment elements is such that the acceptance range of the secondary concentrators 40 changes, so that in turn there are three different series of secondary concentrating elements, each associated with a skew area and having the corresponding acceptance range.
  • Secondary concentrators 40 are shown schematically in FIGS. 7a to 7c, wherein FIG.
  • FIG. 7a shows a secondary concentrator 40 without an attachment element whose acceptance range corresponds to the dot-dash line 86.
  • FIG. 7b shows an attachment element 87 which, in relation to the rear wall 42 of the secondary concentrator 40, represents an asymmetrical continuation of the front wall and thus changes the direction of its acceptance range according to the dot-dashed line 88.
  • Figure 7c where the direction of the acceptance range of the secondary concentrator 40 shown there is even more changed by the larger attachment element 89, as shown by the dotted line 90.
  • the row of secondary concentrators with attachment elements 87 according to FIG. 7b for a skew range of 5 ° to + 33 °, and the series of secondary concentrators with attachment elements 89 according to FIG. 7c can be designed for a skew range of + 30 ° to + 48 °.
  • the person skilled in the art can determine the skew ranges according to the specific conditions prevailing on site. Also, those skilled in the art can determine the number of rows of secondary concentrating elements, the number of three rows shown in the present embodiments is considered to be advantageous, but only two or more than three, for example, four to six rows are conceivable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un collecteur cylindrico-parabolique (1) comprenant un concentrateur primaire (2), qui concentre le rayonnement solaire dans une zone de ligne focale, et un ensemble (56) qui sert à la concentration secondaire des rayons solaires réfléchis par le concentrateur primaire (2) et qui continue de les concentrer dans les zones de point focal (47). L'ensemble (56) pour la concentration secondaire possède plusieurs rangées (60, 61, 62) de concentrateurs secondaires (40), qui présentent une orientation identique dans une rangée, mais une orientation différente d'une rangée à une autre. Ce collecteur comprend par ailleurs des moyens (58) destinés à maintenir une des rangées (60, 61, 62) dans la position de fonctionnement, les autres rangées dans une position de repos. Une plage de l'angle d'incidence peut donc être associée à chacune des rangées (60, 61, 62) et, lorsque cet angle varie, une autre rangée peut être amenée en position de fonctionnement.
PCT/CH2013/000074 2012-05-01 2013-04-30 Collecteur cylindrico-parabolique comprenant un ensemble de concentrateurs WO2013163771A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380022958.4A CN104471326A (zh) 2012-05-01 2013-04-30 带有集中器布置的太阳能收集器
US14/397,723 US20150354856A1 (en) 2012-05-01 2013-04-30 Trough collector with concentrator arrangement
EP13721583.6A EP2844928A1 (fr) 2012-05-01 2013-04-30 Collecteur cylindrico-parabolique comprenant un ensemble de concentrateurs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00604/12A CH706465A1 (de) 2012-05-01 2012-05-01 Rinnenkollektor mit einer Konzentratoranordnung.
CH604/12 2012-05-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013163771A1 true WO2013163771A1 (fr) 2013-11-07

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PCT/CH2013/000074 WO2013163771A1 (fr) 2012-05-01 2013-04-30 Collecteur cylindrico-parabolique comprenant un ensemble de concentrateurs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20150354856A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2844928A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104471326A (fr)
CH (1) CH706465A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013163771A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

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CN106936381A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-07 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 一种聚光太阳能模组安装方法

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US20100037953A1 (en) 2008-02-15 2010-02-18 Jinchun Xie Device for focusing reflected light from a parabolic trough reflector onto focal points in a longitudinal direction
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CH704005A2 (de) * 2010-10-24 2012-04-30 Airlight Energy Ip Sa Sonnenkollektor mit einer ersten Konzentratoranordnung und gegenüber dieser verschwenkbaren zweiten Konzentratoranordnung.

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EP2844928A1 (fr) 2015-03-11
US20150354856A1 (en) 2015-12-10
CH706465A1 (de) 2013-11-15
CN104471326A (zh) 2015-03-25

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