WO2013161656A1 - Appareil d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comprenant l'appareil d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Appareil d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comprenant l'appareil d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013161656A1
WO2013161656A1 PCT/JP2013/061458 JP2013061458W WO2013161656A1 WO 2013161656 A1 WO2013161656 A1 WO 2013161656A1 JP 2013061458 W JP2013061458 W JP 2013061458W WO 2013161656 A1 WO2013161656 A1 WO 2013161656A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
cell
voltage
battery
power supply
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PCT/JP2013/061458
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
公彦 古川
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三洋電機株式会社
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Publication of WO2013161656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013161656A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/20—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/12—Bikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series to increase the output voltage, and in particular, a power supply device including an equalization circuit that eliminates an unbalance of each battery cell and a vehicle including the power supply device About.
  • a power supply device in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series to increase the output voltage.
  • this power supply device since all the battery cells are charged and discharged with the same current, if the battery cells have exactly the same electrical characteristics, no voltage difference occurs between the charged and discharged battery cells.
  • the electrical characteristics of all the battery cells are not completely the same, and due to the difference in electrical characteristics, the charge amount of each battery cell is unbalanced as charging and discharging are repeated. The unbalance between the battery cells is narrowed from the capacity originally having the battery system.
  • the specific battery cell is overcharged or overdischarged, which is a harmful effect of promoting the deterioration of the specific battery cell.
  • the power supply device detects the voltage of each battery cell, discharges the battery cell having a high voltage, and eliminates the battery cell imbalance.
  • the power supply device described in Patent Document 1 connects the positive and negative electrodes of each battery cell to an equalization circuit via a lead line.
  • the equalization circuit detects the voltage of each battery cell via each lead line, and charges and discharges based on the voltage difference of each battery cell, thereby eliminating the battery cell imbalance.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of all the battery cells are connected to the equalization circuit via lead lines. And the voltage of all the battery cells is detected, the lowest voltage of the battery cell is detected from the detected voltage, and the battery cells are equalized by charging the battery cells with a low charge amount from the battery cells with a high charge amount. .
  • the equalization circuit detects the voltage of all the battery cells, determines the lowest voltage from the detected voltage, and controls the equalization circuit so that the charge amounts of all the battery cells are substantially equal.
  • the circuit configuration of the circuit is complicated. In particular, there is a drawback that the equalization circuit becomes more complicated as the number of battery cells increases. In addition, since the positive and negative electrodes of all the battery cells are connected to the equalization circuit with lead lines, there is a problem that the number of lead lines is large and the wiring of the lead lines is complicated, which complicates the configuration of the assembled battery. .
  • the present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving the above problems.
  • the objective of this invention is providing the vehicle provided with the power supply device which can equalize each battery cell, and this power supply device, simplifying the circuit structure of an equalization circuit.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device capable of equalizing battery cells while simplifying wiring of a lead line, and a vehicle including the power supply device.
  • the power supply device of the present invention includes a series battery group 10 formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 1 in series, and an equalization circuit 3 that equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the series battery group 10. .
  • the series battery group 10 has a plurality of cell blocks 2 and 20 formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 1 connected in series.
  • the equalization circuit 3 equalizes the main equalization circuit 4 that equalizes the plurality of cell blocks 2 and 20 constituting the series battery group 10 and the plurality of battery cells 1 that constitute the cell blocks 2 and 20.
  • an adjacent equalization circuit 5 The main equalization circuit 4 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 have different circuit configurations that are equalized independently.
  • the power supply device described above has a feature that all battery cells can be equalized while simplifying the circuit configuration of an equalization circuit that equalizes a series battery group composed of a plurality of cell blocks. It consists of battery cells connected in series to form a cell block, a plurality of cell blocks connected in series to form a series battery group, and a plurality of battery cells constituting each cell block are separated by an adjacent equalization circuit. This is because the plurality of cell blocks constituting the series battery group are equalized independently by the main equalization circuit.
  • the power supply device described above also realizes the feature that all the battery cells can be equalized while simplifying the wiring of the lead lines by reducing the number of lead lines connected to the main equalization circuit. That is, the above power supply device does not connect the positive and negative electrodes of each battery cell to the main equalization circuit, but both ends of the cell block connecting the battery cells in series to the main equalization circuit with lead lines It is because it connects.
  • the power supply device of the present invention comprises battery blocks 9 and 29 with an adjacent equalization circuit 5 that equalizes a plurality of battery cells 1 comprising the cell blocks 2 and 20 and the cell blocks 2 and 20,
  • the main equalization circuit 4 can equalize the plurality of battery blocks 9 and 29. Since the above power supply apparatus equalizes the plurality of battery cells constituting the battery block by the adjacent equalization circuit, the main equalization circuit may equalize each battery block as one battery cell.
  • the circuit is characterized in that fine voltage detection and control for equalization based on the detected voltage can be simplified.
  • the power supply device of the present invention connects the main equalization circuit 4 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 to the battery cell 1 via the lead line 6 and leads for connecting the adjacent equalization circuit 5 to the cell blocks 2 and 20.
  • the line 6B can be made shorter than the lead line 6A that connects the main equalization circuit 4 to the battery cell 1.
  • the above power supply device can simplify the wiring by shortening the lead line connecting the adjacent equalization circuit to the battery cell, and further reduces the failure such as the disconnection of the lead line connected to the adjacent equalization circuit. There is a feature that can improve the reliability of equalization of battery cells.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit can be disposed close to the battery cell. In that case, the battery cell and the adjacent equalization circuit can be handled together.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 includes a digital circuit that performs digital processing to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2 and 20, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 performs analog processing to perform a plurality of batteries.
  • An analog circuit for equalizing the cells 1 can be provided.
  • the above power supply apparatus uses the adjacent equalization circuit as an analog circuit, equalizes a plurality of battery cells constituting the cell block by the adjacent equalization circuit, and further digitally processes the plurality of cell blocks for equalization. There is a feature that can be equalized in the circuit.
  • the processing load can be reduced by reducing the number of management points. Therefore, a device that is less expensive than a device that individually manages all battery cells. Can be configured.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit since the adjacent equalization circuit only needs to perform equalization mainly, the circuit configuration can be simplified and the size can be reduced.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 discharges and equalizes the cell blocks 2 and 20, and the control circuit 12 includes a microcomputer 16 that controls the discharge state of the discharge circuit 11.
  • the control circuit 12 includes a block voltage detection circuit 13 for inputting the voltages of the cell blocks 2 and 20, and the control circuit 12 digitally converts the voltages of the cell blocks 2 and 20 detected by the block voltage detection circuit 13.
  • the plurality of cell blocks 2 and 20 can be equalized by processing and controlling the discharge circuit 11.
  • the above power supply apparatus detects the voltage of each cell block with a block voltage detection circuit, digitally processes the detection voltage with a microcomputer and controls the discharge circuit to equalize the cell blocks.
  • each cell block can be equalized in a preferable state while an allowable voltage deviation of the cell block to be equalized, a discharge current of the cell block and the like are adjusted to optimum values by a microcomputer.
  • a plurality of cell blocks can be equalized, even if a plurality of battery cells constituting each cell block are equalized by another means, equalization of the entire battery cells can be achieved.
  • the cell block 2 is composed of two battery cells 1, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 includes a discharge resistor 24 connected to each battery cell 1 and a discharge circuit 21 including a discharge switch 25. And voltage comparators 23 and 33 for detecting the voltage difference between the two battery cells 1 and controlling the discharge circuit 21. The voltage comparators 23 and 33 detect the voltage difference between the battery cells 1.
  • the discharge switch 25 connected to the battery cell 1 having a higher voltage is controlled to be in an on state, and the discharge switch 25 connected to the battery cell 1 having a lower voltage is controlled to be in an off state. By discharging at 24, the two battery cells 1 can be equalized.
  • the power supply apparatus described above can stably equalize the two battery cells by switching the discharge switch on and off by the voltage difference between the battery cells, while making the adjacent equalization circuit a simple circuit configuration.
  • Such a configuration can be easily configured by, for example, hardware using an IC or an electronic element. For this reason, even if it arranges near a battery cell, it does not get in the way.
  • the cell block 20 is composed of a plurality of battery cells 1, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 includes a discharge resistor 24 connected to each battery cell 1 and a discharge circuit 21 including a discharge switch 25.
  • the minimum voltage detection circuit 43 that detects the minimum voltage of each battery cell 1 and the minimum voltage detected by the minimum voltage detection circuit 43 are compared with the voltage of each battery cell 1, and the voltage is higher than the minimum voltage.
  • a discharge cell determination circuit 44 for controlling the discharge switch 25 of the discharge circuit 21 connected to the battery cell 1 to be turned on, and setting the discharge circuit 21 of the battery cell 1 whose cell voltage is higher than the minimum voltage to a discharge state, A plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 20 can be equalized.
  • the above power supply apparatus detects the minimum voltage of a plurality of battery cells constituting a cell block, and discharges the plurality of battery cells by discharging with a discharge circuit connected to a battery cell having a voltage higher than the minimum voltage.
  • a vehicle of the present invention is a vehicle including any of the power supply devices described above, and includes a power supply device 100, a traveling motor 93 that is supplied with power from the power supply device 100, the power supply device 100, and the motor.
  • the vehicle body 90 which mounts 93, and the wheel 97 which drives with the motor 93 and runs the vehicle body 90 are provided.
  • the above vehicle has a feature that the equalization circuit can be simplified and the wiring can be simplified while equalizing the battery cells constituting the series battery group of the power supply device.
  • the embodiment described below exemplifies a power supply device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and a vehicle including the power supply device
  • the present invention is a vehicle including the power supply device and the power supply device.
  • the member shown by the claim is not what specifies the member of embodiment.
  • the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent members described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the description unless otherwise specified. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation.
  • each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
  • the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a power supply apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a power supply device 100 shown in this block diagram includes a series battery group 10 in which a plurality of battery cells 1 are connected in series, and an equalization circuit 3 that equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the series battery group 10. It has.
  • the series battery group 10 has a plurality of cell blocks 2 connected in series. Each cell block 2 has a plurality of battery cells 1 connected in series.
  • the battery cell 1 is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery composed of a lithium ion battery or a lithium polymer battery. However, all rechargeable batteries such as nickel metal hydride batteries and nickel cadmium batteries can be used as the battery cells.
  • the battery cell 1 is constituted by one secondary battery.
  • a cell block in which a battery cell is a nickel metal hydride battery or a nickel cadmium battery has a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series to form a battery cell.
  • the equalization circuit 3 includes a main equalization circuit 4 and an adjacent equalization circuit 5.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 equalizes the plurality of cell blocks 2 constituting the series battery group 10 to eliminate the unbalance of the cell blocks 2.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5 equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 2 and eliminates the unbalance of the battery cells 1.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 have different circuit configurations that are equalized independently. That is, the main equalization circuit 4 equalizes the plurality of cell blocks 2 independently, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 has a circuit configuration that equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 independently.
  • the equalization circuit 3 equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting each cell block 2 with the adjacent equalization circuit 5, the adjacent equalization circuit 5 is independent of the battery cells 1 of each cell block 2. As a simple circuit configuration to equalize, a plurality of battery cells 1 can be equalized. Further, since the equalization circuit 3 equalizes the plurality of cell blocks 2 constituting the series battery group 10 with the main equalization circuit 4, the main equalization circuit 4 is managed independently while being managed in units of cell blocks 2. As a simple circuit configuration for equalizing, a plurality of cell blocks 2 can be equalized. Therefore, the equalization circuit 3 can equalize all the battery cells 1 constituting the series battery group 10 while simplifying the entire circuit configuration.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 are connected to the battery cell 1 via the lead line 6.
  • the lead line 6 has one end connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 1 and the other end connected to the equalization circuit 3.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the cell block 2 via the lead line 6A.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell 1 via the lead line 6B.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 having different circuit configurations are realized by a digital circuit that digitally processes the main equalization circuit 4 to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5.
  • a digital circuit that digitally processes the main equalization circuit 4 to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2, and the adjacent equalization circuit 5.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 that performs digital processing to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2 includes a microcomputer, and performs digital processing by the microcomputer to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit may be a digital circuit that performs digital processing to equalize a plurality of battery cells.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5 is arranged closer to the battery cell 1 than the main equalization circuit 4.
  • the lead line 6B connecting the adjacent equalization circuit 5 to the cell block 2 is shorter than the lead line 6A connecting the main equalization circuit 4 to the battery cell 1, or the adjacent equalization circuit 5 is connected to the electrode of the battery cell 1. Connected directly to the terminal.
  • the wiring of the lead line 6B can be simplified, and the lead line 6B connected to the adjacent equalization circuit 5 is disconnected.
  • the reliability of equalization of the battery cells 1 can be increased.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 includes a discharge circuit 11, a control circuit 12, and a block voltage detection circuit 13.
  • the discharge circuit 11 discharges and equalizes each cell block 2.
  • the control circuit 12 includes a microcomputer 16 that controls the discharge state of the discharge circuit 11.
  • the block voltage detection circuit 13 inputs the voltage of each cell block 2 to the control circuit 12.
  • the discharge circuit 11 and the burr voltage detection circuit 13 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of each cell block 2 via the lead line 6A.
  • the discharge circuit 11 is a series circuit of a discharge resistor 14 and a discharge switch 15.
  • the discharge switch 15 is switched on and off by the control circuit 12.
  • the discharge circuit 11 is controlled so that the cell block 2 is discharged when the discharge switch 15 is on, and the cell block 2 is not discharged when the discharge switch 15 is off.
  • the control circuit 12 controls the discharge switch 15 so as to equalize the voltage of each cell block 2 detected by the block voltage detection circuit 13. That is, the control circuit 12 detects the lowest voltage of the cell block 2 and controls the discharge circuit 11 so that the voltage of each cell block 2 becomes equal to the lowest voltage.
  • the control circuit 12 equalizes the voltage of the cell block 2 by turning on the discharge switch 15 of the discharge circuit 11 connected to the cell block 2 whose voltage is higher than the lowest voltage.
  • the control circuit 12 can equalize the voltage of each cell block 2 within the deviation voltage without completely equalizing the voltages of all the cell blocks 2.
  • the deviation voltage is set to an optimum value depending on the type and number of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 2, and is set to, for example, 5 mV to 50 mV.
  • the control circuit 12 for providing and equalizing the deviation voltage switches on the discharge switch 15 of the discharge circuit 11 connected to the cell block 2 higher than the voltage obtained by adding the deviation voltage to the minimum voltage, and thereby turns on the plurality of cell blocks.
  • the voltage of 2 is equalized.
  • the control circuit 12 lengthens the timing for switching the discharge switch 15 on and off to 0.5 to 5 seconds to equalize the cell blocks 2 while preventing the chattering state of the discharge switch 15.
  • the block voltage detection circuit 13 detects the voltage of each cell block 2 at a predetermined sampling period, converts the detected voltage into a digital signal by an A / D converter (not shown), and outputs it to the microcomputer 16 of the control circuit 12. To do.
  • the microcomputer 16 of the control circuit 12 digitally processes the voltage of each cell block 2 input from the block voltage detection circuit 13 to detect the lowest voltage, and connects to the cell block 2 having a voltage higher than the lowest voltage + the deviation voltage.
  • the discharge switch 15 of the discharge circuit 11 is turned on to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2.
  • the above main equalization circuit 4 detects the voltage of each cell block 2 with the block voltage detection circuit 13 and digitally processes the detection voltage with the microcomputer 16 to detect the minimum voltage, and the voltage is lower than the minimum voltage + deviation voltage.
  • the discharge switch 15 of the discharge circuit 11 connected to the high cell block 2 is turned on to equalize the plurality of cell blocks 2. For this reason, while adjusting the conditions for equalization, for example, the allowable voltage deviation of the cell block 2 to be equalized, the discharge current of the cell block 2, etc., to the optimum values by the microcomputer 16, each cell block 2 is kept in a preferable state. Can be equalized.
  • a battery block 9 is configured by a cell block 2 and an adjacent equalization circuit 5 that equalizes a plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 2.
  • This power supply apparatus has a structure in which a plurality of battery blocks 9 are equalized by a main equalization circuit 4.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 equalizes each battery block 9 as if it were one battery cell. can do. Therefore, the main equalization circuit 4 can easily perform fine voltage detection and control for equalization based on the detected voltage.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5 equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 2.
  • the cell block 2 is composed of two battery cells 1.
  • the cell block can be composed of three or more battery cells.
  • 2 and 3 show an adjacent equalization circuit 5 that equalizes the two battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 2.
  • Adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B in FIGS. 2 and 3 are analog circuits, and equalize the battery cells 1 in real time.
  • the adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B in FIGS. 2 and 3 include two sets of discharge circuits 21 and voltage comparators 23 and 33.
  • the discharge circuit 21 is connected to each battery cell 1.
  • the voltage comparators 23 and 33 detect the voltage difference between the two battery cells 1 and control each discharge circuit 21.
  • the discharge circuit 21 includes a series circuit of a discharge resistor 24 and a discharge switch 25.
  • the differential amplifier 26 is provided with a differential amplifier 26.
  • the differential amplifier 26 has a connection point 28 connecting the two battery cells 1 as one input terminal and a midpoint of the voltage dividing resistor 27 connected to the positive and negative terminals of the cell block 2 as the other input terminal. Connected to.
  • the voltage dividing resistor 27 is a resistor having the same electric resistance, and the voltage at the midpoint is an intermediate potential between the voltages at both ends of the cell block 2.
  • the differential amplifier 26 when the voltage of the battery cell 1 on the plus side in FIG. 2 is high, the differential amplifier 26 outputs a plus voltage.
  • a base current flows through the transistor 25a of the discharge switch 25 connected to the upper side in FIG. 2 to be turned on, and a base current is supplied to the transistor 25b of the lower discharge switch 25. It turns off without flowing. In this state, the battery cell 1 on the upper side, that is, the positive side is discharged, and the voltage decreases.
  • the output of the differential amplifier 26 becomes 0 V, and the transistors 25a and 25b that are the upper and lower discharge switches 25 are both turned off. Become. That is, when the voltage of the battery cell 1 is equalized, the discharge switch 25 is turned off.
  • the differential amplifier 26 when the voltage of the negative battery cell 1 in FIG. 2 is high, the differential amplifier 26 outputs a negative voltage.
  • a base current flows through the transistor 25b of the discharge switch 25 connected to the lower side in FIG. 2, and the base current flows to the transistor 25a of the upper discharge switch 25. It turns off without flowing.
  • the battery cell 1 on the lower side that is, the negative side is discharged, and the voltage decreases.
  • the output of the differential amplifier 26 becomes 0 V, and the transistors 25a and 25b, which are the upper and lower discharge switches 25, are turned off. . That is, when the voltage of the battery cell 1 is equalized, the discharge switch 25 is turned off.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5B in FIG. 3 equalizes the two battery cells 1 by providing a predetermined deviation voltage.
  • the deviation voltage is, for example, 5 mV to 20 mV.
  • the voltage comparator 33 of the adjacent equalization circuit 5B includes a pair of differential amplifiers 36.
  • the pair of differential amplifiers 36 have a negative input terminal connected to a connection point 28 connecting the two battery cells 1 and a positive input terminal connected to the middle of the voltage dividing resistor 37. It is connected to both ends of an intermediate resistor 38 that generates a voltage.
  • the positive input terminals of the differential amplifier 36 are connected to both ends of the intermediate resistor 38 so as to cross each other.
  • the voltage comparator 33 is connected to the positive differential amplifier 36A and the negative differential amplifier 36B. Both output a positive voltage.
  • the positive side differential amplifier 36A outputs a positive voltage
  • a base current flows through the transistor 25a of the discharge switch 25 connected to the upper side in FIG. 3, and the positive side discharge switch 25 is turned on.
  • the differential amplifier 36B outputs a positive voltage
  • the base current does not flow through the transistor 25b of the lower discharge switch 25, and the negative discharge switch 25 is turned off.
  • the positive side differential amplifier 36A outputs a negative voltage and is connected to the upper side.
  • the 25 transistors 25a are turned off. That is, when the voltage of the battery cell 1 is equalized below the deviation voltage, both the discharge switches 25 are turned off.
  • the voltage comparator 33 when the voltage of the negative battery cell 1 is higher than the voltage of the positive battery cell 1, the voltage comparator 33 is connected to the positive differential amplifier 36A and the negative differential. Both amplifiers 36B output a negative voltage.
  • the minus side differential amplifier 36B When the minus side differential amplifier 36B outputs a minus voltage, a base current flows through the transistor 25b of the discharge switch 25 connected to the lower side in FIG. 3, and the minus side discharge switch 25 is turned on. Even if the side differential amplifier 36A outputs a negative voltage, the base current does not flow through the transistor 25a of the upper discharge switch 25, and the positive side discharge switch 25 is turned off.
  • the negative side differential amplifier 36B outputs a positive voltage and is connected to the lower side.
  • the transistor 25b of the discharge switch 25 is turned off. That is, when the voltage of the battery cell 1 is equalized below the deviation voltage, both the discharge switches 25 are turned off.
  • the adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B can be made compact with a simple circuit configuration, and can stably equalize the two battery cells 1 by switching the discharge switch 25 on and off by the voltage difference of the battery cells 1.
  • the voltage comparators 23 and 33 can detect the voltage difference between the two battery cells 1 and control each discharge circuit 21 to equalize the battery cells 1 in real time.
  • the adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B that can have a simple circuit configuration can be arranged in a space-saving manner, and therefore can be arranged close to the battery cell 1.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5 close to the cell block 2 the cell block 2 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 constitute a battery block 9, and the cell block 2 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 Can be handled collectively in units of 9 battery blocks.
  • Adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 equalize the voltages of the two battery cells 1. As shown in FIG. 4, these adjacent equalization circuits 5 ⁇ / b> A and 5 ⁇ / b> B can be connected in multiple stages to equalize the voltages of the four battery cells 1.
  • the power supply apparatus of FIG. 4 equalizes two adjacent battery cells 1 with a first adjacent equalization circuit 5X, and connects the two battery cells 1 equalized with the first adjacent equalization circuit 5X in series.
  • the cell block 20 is equalized by the second adjacent equalization circuit 5Y.
  • the adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be used for the first adjacent equalization circuit 5X and the second adjacent equalization circuit 5Y.
  • Adjacent equalization circuits 5A and 5B for equalizing two battery cells 1 can be connected in multiple stages to equalize 2n battery cells 1 as shown in FIG. Also in this power supply device, the battery block 29 is configured by the cell block 20 and the adjacent equalization circuit 5 including the first adjacent equalization circuit 5X and the second adjacent equalization circuit 5Y.
  • the main equalization circuit 4 performs equalization.
  • FIG. 5 shows an adjacent equalization circuit 5 ⁇ / b> C that configures the cell block 20 by a plurality of battery cells 1 and equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows an adjacent equalization circuit 5 ⁇ / b> C composed of an analog circuit that equalizes the four battery cells 1.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5C includes a discharge circuit 21 connected to each battery cell 1, and a control circuit 41 that switches a transistor that is a discharge switch 25 of the discharge circuit 21 on and off.
  • the control circuit 41 includes a cell voltage extraction circuit 42, a minimum voltage detection circuit 43, a discharge cell determination circuit 44, and a level shift circuit 45.
  • the cell voltage extraction circuit 42 includes a differential amplifier 46 that outputs the voltage of each battery cell 1.
  • the lowest voltage detection circuit 43 detects the lowest voltage of each cell voltage output from the cell voltage extraction circuit 42.
  • the discharge cell determination circuit 44 includes a differential amplifier 47 that inputs the minimum voltage output from the minimum voltage detection circuit 43 to one input terminal.
  • the level shift circuit 45 shifts the output signal of the discharge cell determination circuit 44 by a direct current level and controls each discharge switch 25 to be turned on / off.
  • FIG. 6 shows a minimum voltage detection circuit 43 that detects the minimum voltage from the voltages of the four battery cells 1.
  • the minimum voltage detection circuit 43 includes an analog multiplexer 51.
  • the analog multiplexer 51 connects the output of the comparator 53 to the S terminal of the multiplexer 52, and the input terminal of the comparator 53 inputs the voltages of the two battery cells 1 input to the D 0 terminal and D 1 terminal of the multiplexer 52.
  • the analog multiplexer 51 compares two analog voltages input to the D0 terminal and the D1 terminal, and outputs a low voltage.
  • the lowest voltage detection circuit 43 in FIG. 6 connects the analog multiplexers 51 in two stages and outputs the lowest voltage of the four battery cells 1.
  • the discharge cell determination circuit 44 inputs the lowest voltage of the battery cell 1 output from the lowest voltage detection circuit 43 to one input terminal (minus side input terminal in FIG. 5), and the other input terminal (plus in FIG. 5). Side input terminal) is provided with a differential amplifier 47 to which the voltage of each battery cell 1 is input from the cell voltage extraction circuit 42.
  • the differential amplifier 47 to which the voltage of the battery cell 1 higher than the minimum voltage is input outputs a positive signal ON signal.
  • the on signal is level-shifted by the level shift circuit 45 to turn on the discharge switch 25 of the discharge circuit 21.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5C in FIG. 5 connects a circuit (not shown) that adds a deviation voltage to the voltage of the battery cell 1 on the output side of the minimum voltage detection circuit 43 and inputs it to the discharge cell determination circuit 44.
  • the battery cell 1 can be equalized by providing a deviation voltage.
  • a low speed control circuit (not shown) for delaying the time interval for switching on / off the discharge switch 25 to a predetermined time, for example, 0.3 seconds to 5 seconds is connected to the output side of the discharge cell determination circuit 44. Can do.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5C can equalize the battery cells 1 stably without the discharge switch 25 being switched on and off in a short time.
  • the adjacent equalization circuit 5C described above detects the lowest voltage of the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting the cell block 20, and discharges it by the discharge circuit 21 connected to the battery cell 1 having a voltage higher than the lowest voltage. Thus, the plurality of battery cells 1 can be stably equalized.
  • 5 illustrates the adjacent equalization circuit 5C that equalizes the four battery cells 1. However, the adjacent equalization circuit having this circuit configuration equalizes three or less battery cells or five or more battery cells. You can also
  • the above power supply device can be used as an in-vehicle battery system.
  • a vehicle equipped with a power supply device an electric vehicle such as a hybrid car or a plug-in hybrid car that runs with both an engine and a motor, or an electric car that runs only with a motor can be used, and it is used as a power source for these vehicles. .
  • FIG. 7 shows an example in which a power supply device is mounted on a hybrid car that runs with both an engine and a motor.
  • a vehicle HV equipped with the power supply device shown in this figure includes an engine 96 and a travel motor 93 that travel the vehicle HV, a power supply device 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and power generation that charges a battery cell of the power supply device 100.
  • a vehicle body 90 on which a machine 94, an engine 96, a motor 93, a power supply device 100, and a generator 94 are mounted, and wheels 97 driven by the engine 96 or the motor 93 to drive the vehicle body 90.
  • the power supply apparatus 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95.
  • the vehicle HV travels by both the motor 93 and the engine 96 while charging / discharging the battery cell of the power supply device 100.
  • the motor 93 is driven to drive the vehicle when the engine efficiency is low, for example, during acceleration or low-speed driving.
  • the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the power supply device 100.
  • the generator 94 is driven by the engine 96 or is driven by regenerative braking when the vehicle is braked, and charges the battery cell of the power supply device 100.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example in which a power supply device is mounted on an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor.
  • a vehicle EV equipped with the power supply device shown in FIG. 1 is a motor 93 for running the vehicle EV, a power supply device 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and a generator that charges a battery cell of the power supply device 100.
  • 94 a vehicle main body 90 on which the motor 93, the power supply device 100, and the generator 94 are mounted, and wheels 97 that are driven by the motor 93 and run the vehicle main body 90.
  • the power supply apparatus 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95.
  • the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the power supply device 100.
  • the generator 94 is driven by energy when regeneratively braking the vehicle EV, and charges the battery cell of the power supply device 100.
  • the wiring can be simplified while simplifying the equalization circuit 3 that equalizes the large number of battery cells 1 constituting the series battery group 10 of the power supply device.
  • the power supply device equalizes the plurality of battery cells 1 constituting each cell block 2 independently by the adjacent equalization circuit 5 and main equalizes the plurality of cell blocks 2 constituting the series battery group 10.
  • the circuit 4 performs equalization independently.
  • this power supply device by arranging the adjacent equalization circuit 5 close to the cell block 2, the lead line 6B connecting the adjacent equalization circuit 5 to the cell block 2 can be shortened and wiring can be simplified.
  • the power supply device that can simplify the wiring of the lead line 6 connected to the battery cell 1 is mounted on a vehicle that can greatly reduce failures such as disconnection due to vibrations during traveling and increase reliability. This makes it possible to achieve ideal characteristics for power supply devices.
  • the above power supply device can be used as a battery system that is charged with the generated power of natural energy such as solar cells or wind power generation, and can also be used as a power source for electric motorcycles, electric bicycles, electric tools, etc. .
  • the power supply apparatus according to the present invention and the vehicle including the power supply apparatus can be suitably used as a power supply apparatus for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, or the like that can switch between the EV traveling mode and the HEV traveling mode. .
  • a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, or the like that can switch between the EV traveling mode and the HEV traveling mode.
  • vehicle-mounted use For example, it can utilize also as a battery for assist bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention vise à égaliser chacune d'une pluralité de cellules de batterie tout en maintenant simple la structure de circuit des circuits d'égalisation, et à égaliser en outre les cellules de batterie tout en maintenant simple le câblage des lignes de conducteur. A cet effet, l'invention concerne un appareil d'alimentation électrique qui comprend un groupe de batteries connectées en série (10) comprenant une pluralité de cellules de batterie (1) connectées en série, et un circuit d'égalisation (3) pour égaliser la pluralité de cellules de batterie (1) qui constituent le groupe de batteries connectées en série (10). Dans le groupe de batteries connectées en série (10), une pluralité de blocs de cellules (2), comprenant chacun une pluralité de cellules de batterie connectées en série (1), sont connectés en série. Le circuit d'égalisation (3) comprend : un circuit d'égalisation principal (4) pour une égalisation entre la pluralité de blocs de cellules (2) constituant le groupe de batteries connectées en série (10) ; et des circuits d'égalisation adjacents (5) pour une égalisation entre la pluralité de cellules de batterie (1) constituant un bloc de cellules (2). Le circuit d'égalisation principal (4) et les circuits d'égalisation adjacents (5) possèdent différentes constructions de circuit qui effectuent l'égalisation de manière indépendante les unes des autres.
PCT/JP2013/061458 2012-04-27 2013-04-18 Appareil d'alimentation électrique et véhicule comprenant l'appareil d'alimentation électrique WO2013161656A1 (fr)

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JP2012103934A JP2015133766A (ja) 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 電源装置及びこの電源装置を備える車両
JP2012-103934 2012-04-27

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KR102035683B1 (ko) * 2015-11-30 2019-10-23 주식회사 엘지화학 배터리 셀 벨런싱 장치 및 방법
JP2017139927A (ja) * 2016-02-05 2017-08-10 株式会社東芝 バッテリおよび電動自転車
KR102167428B1 (ko) * 2016-10-21 2020-10-20 주식회사 엘지화학 듀티 제어를 통한 효과적인 배터리 셀 밸런싱 방법 및 시스템

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JP2000312443A (ja) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd モジュール電池制御装置、モジュール電池ユニット及びモジュール電池制御方法
JP2009296777A (ja) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-17 Toyota Motor Corp 蓄電制御装置及び車両
JP2010142039A (ja) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-24 Macnica Inc 電力蓄積装置
JP2010141957A (ja) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-24 Denso Corp 組電池の容量調整装置
JP2011030399A (ja) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-10 Primearth Ev Energy Co Ltd 組電池の管理装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000312443A (ja) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd モジュール電池制御装置、モジュール電池ユニット及びモジュール電池制御方法
JP2009296777A (ja) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-17 Toyota Motor Corp 蓄電制御装置及び車両
JP2010141957A (ja) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-24 Denso Corp 組電池の容量調整装置
JP2010142039A (ja) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-24 Macnica Inc 電力蓄積装置
JP2011030399A (ja) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-10 Primearth Ev Energy Co Ltd 組電池の管理装置

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